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Journal articles on the topic 'Spectral variety'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Huang, Yuping, Yutu Yang, Ye Sun, Haiyan Zhou, and Kunjie Chen. "Identification of Apple Varieties Using a Multichannel Hyperspectral Imaging System." Sensors 20, no. 18 (2020): 5120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185120.

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This paper reports the nondestructive detection of apple varieties using a multichannel hyperspectral imaging system consisting of an illumination fiber and 30 detection fibers arranged at source–detector distances of 1.5–36 mm over the spectral range of 550–1650 nm. Spatially resolved (SR) spectra were obtained for 1500 apples, 500 each of three varieties from the same orchard to avoid environmental and geographical influences. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) models were developed for single SR spectra and spectral combinations to compare their performance of variety detec

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Noguchi, Kunio, Jinghao Sun, and Gang Wang. "Infrared Spectra and Circumstellar Emission of Late-Type Stars. III. S-Type Stars." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 43, no. 2 (1991): 311–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/43.2.311.

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Abstract Near-infrared photometry was carried out at the J, H, K, and L bands for 73 S-type stars. The statistical characteristics of the infrared spectra and the circumstellar emission of S-type stars were examined using nearinfrared photometric data, IRAS photometric data, and the low-resolution spectra obtained by IRAS. The characteristics of the photometric spectra of S-type stars were compared with those of oxygen-rich stars and carbon stars. We found that MS and SC stars have infrared spectral characteristics similar to those of both oxygen-rich stars and carbon stars, respectively. Howe

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Borgonovi, F., and D. Shepelyansky. "Spectral Variety in the Kicked Harper Model." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 29, no. 2 (1995): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/29/2/002.

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Feng, Lei, Susu Zhu, Chu Zhang, Yidan Bao, Pan Gao, and Yong He. "Variety Identification of Raisins Using Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging." Molecules 23, no. 11 (2018): 2907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112907.

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Different varieties of raisins have different nutritional properties and vary in commercial value. An identification method of raisin varieties using hyperspectral imaging was explored. Hyperspectral images of two different varieties of raisins (Wuhebai and Xiangfei) at spectral range of 874–1734 nm were acquired, and each variety contained three grades. Pixel-wise spectra were extracted and preprocessed by wavelet transform and standard normal variate, and object-wise spectra (sample average spectra) were calculated. Principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA)

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Small, Christopher, and Daniel Sousa. "The Sentinel 2 MSI Spectral Mixing Space." Remote Sensing 14, no. 22 (2022): 5748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14225748.

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A composite spectral feature space is used to characterize the spectral mixing properties of Sentinel 2 Multispectral Instrument (MSI) spectra over a wide diversity of landscapes. Characterizing the linearity of spectral mixing and identifying bounding spectral endmembers allows the Substrate Vegetation Dark (SVD) spectral mixture model previously developed for the Landsat and MODIS sensors to be extended to the Sentinel 2 MSI sensors. The utility of the SVD model is its ability to represent a wide variety of landscapes in terms of the areal abundance of their most spectrally and physically di

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Burns, D., V. Guillemin, and A. Uribe. "The Spectral Density Function of a Toric Variety." Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly 6, no. 2 (2010): 361–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/pamq.2010.v6.n2.a4.

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Mironov, A. E. "Spectral subvarieties of a principally polarized Abelian variety." Russian Mathematical Surveys 59, no. 5 (2004): 969–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rm2004v059n05abeh000782.

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Nishizawa, Norihiko, Sakiko Kobata, and Shotaro Kitajima. "Controllable, intense spectral peaking with a spectral filter and optical fiber." Optics Letters 47, no. 23 (2022): 6165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.471957.

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Nonlinear fiber effects are useful for controlling optical spectra in a wide variety of ways. Here, we report the demonstration of freely controllable, intense spectral peaking using a high-resolution spectral filter with a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator and nonlinear fibers. A large enhancement of spectral peak components by more than a factor of 10 was achieved by employing phase modulation. Multiple spectral peaks with an extremely high signal-to-background ratio (SBR) of up to 30 dB were generated simultaneously in a wide wavelength range. It was shown that part of the energy from

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Chen, Yunfeng, Yue Chen, Xuping Feng, et al. "Variety Identification of Orchids Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Stacked Sparse Auto-Encoder." Molecules 24, no. 13 (2019): 2506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132506.

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The feasibility of using the fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic technique with a stacked sparse auto-encoder (SSAE) to identify orchid varieties was studied. Spectral data of 13 orchids varieties covering the spectral range of 4000–550 cm−1 were acquired to establish discriminant models and to select optimal spectral variables. K nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and SSAE models were built using full spectra. The SSAE model performed better than the KNN and SVM models and obtained a classification accuracy 99.4% in the calibration set and 97.9% in the predicti

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Hong, Zhiqi, Chu Zhang, Wenjian Song, Xiangbo Nie, Hongxia Ye, and Yong He. "Application of Hyperspectral Imaging for Identification of Melon Seed Variety Using Deep Learning." Agriculture 15, no. 11 (2025): 1139. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15111139.

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The accurate identification of melon seed varieties is essential for improving seed purity and the overall quality of melon production. In this study, hyperspectral imaging was used to identify six varieties of melon seeds. Both hyperspectral images and RGB images were generated during hyperspectral image acquisition. The spectral features of seeds were extracted from the hyperspectral images. The image features of the corresponding seeds were manually extracted from the RGB images. Five different datasets were formed using the spectral features and RGB images of the seeds, including seed spec

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Cid Fernandes, Roberto, and Rosa M. González Delgado. "Testing evolutionary synthesis models: Empirical feedback to model makers." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S262 (2009): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310002541.

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AbstractIntegrated spectra of star clusters are the best test beds for predictions of evolutionary synthesis models. We present spectral fits of star cluster using a variety of recent models. All models allow good spectral fits, but newer ones tend to be better. Ages estimated through spectral fits are not strongly model dependent, but metallicities can differ a lot from one model to another. For some clusters, multi-population fits suggest a combination of very old (1010 yr) and very young (< 108) populations, an artifact of the lack of old and blue stars in the models.

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Gristey, Jake J., J. Christine Chiu, Robert J. Gurney, et al. "Shortwave Spectral Radiative Signatures and Their Physical Controls." Journal of Climate 32, no. 15 (2019): 4805–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0815.1.

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AbstractThe spectrum of reflected solar radiation emerging at the top of the atmosphere is rich with Earth system information. To identify spectral signatures in the reflected solar radiation and directly relate them to the underlying physical properties controlling their structure, over 90 000 solar reflectance spectra are computed over West Africa in 2010 using a fast radiation code employing the spectral characteristics of the Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY). Cluster analysis applied to the computed spectra reveals spectral signatures relate

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Levenson, Richard. "Spectral Imaging: Fluorescence and Brightfield." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (2001): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600026179.

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Spectral imaging is a relatively new technique that provides images of a scene at multiple wavelengths and can generate precise optical spectra at every pixel. Mathematical approaches may then be used to extract the maximum information from the spectral image. Spectral imaging is routinely used in “remote sensing”, that is, the analysis of distant landscapes and structures from airplanes or satellites. Minor differences in spectra can be used to detect different crops, or mineral deposits, for example. Closer in, spectral imaging has uses in industrial process control, detection of otherwise i

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Turunen, Timo, and Raimo Silvennoinen. "Annual variety of spectral transmission of light in the oligotrophic Lake Höytiäinen, Eastern Finland." Archiv für Hydrobiologie 127, no. 4 (1993): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/127/1993/497.

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Pankratova, N. M., M. A. Polikarpov, E. F. Tarasov, S. D. Rykunov, and M. N. Ustinin. "Spectral and Spatial Characteristics of the Activity of Brain Structures, Participating in the Perception and Production of Speech." Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics 14, no. 2 (2019): 705–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/2019.14.705.

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Spectral and spatial characteristics of the encephalograms, registered while speech perception and production, are considered. Systematical bibliographical review is presented, including the articles studying the speech sources spectra and their location in the brain. Encephalography is selected as a basic experimental approach. Advantages of the magnetic encephalography, experimental difficulties and possible artifacts are noted. It is concluded that brain speech activity possesses a great variety of spectral and spatial features. The method of functional tomography based on magnetic encephal

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Mullins, Oliver C., and Yifu Zhu. "First Observation of the Urbach Tail in a Multicomponent Organic System." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 2 (1992): 354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924125393.

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The exponential attenuation of electronic absorption in spectral regions removed from the absorption maxima, the “Urbach tail,” has been observed in a variety of materials and has been ascribed to thermal and structural disorder. Here, we report, to our knowledge, the first observation of the Urbach tail in a multicomponent organic system (the asphaltenes) which is due, in part, to the overlapping absorption spectra of the diverse component chromophores within the tail spectral region. The distribution of chromophores produces an unusually large, nonthermal width in the Urbach tail.

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Krasnov, V. A. "The Bloch-Ogus spectral sequence of a real algebraic variety." Mathematical Notes 66, no. 3 (1999): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02676438.

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18

Milne, Andrew J., Robin Laney, and David B. Sharp. "Testing a spectral model of tonal affinity with microtonal melodies and inharmonic spectra." Musicae Scientiae 20, no. 4 (2016): 465–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1029864915622682.

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Tonal affinity is the perceived goodness of fit of successive tones. It is important because a preference for certain intervals over others would likely influence preferences for, and prevalences of, “higher-order” musical structures such as scales and chord progressions. We hypothesize that two psychoacoustic (spectral) factors—harmonicity and spectral pitch similarity—have an impact on affinity. The harmonicity of a single tone is the extent to which its partials (frequency components) correspond to those of a harmonic complex tone (whose partials are a multiple of a single fundamental frequ

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Ozaki, Yukihiro, Slobodan Šašić, and Jian Hui Jiang. "How Can We Unravel Complicated near Infrared Spectra?—Recent Progress in Spectral Analysis Methods for Resolution Enhancement and Band Assignments in the near Infrared Region." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 9, no. 2 (2001): 63–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.295.

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This review paper reports recent progress in spectral analysis methods for resolution enhancement and band assignments in the near infrared (NIR) region. Spectra in the NIR region are inherently rich with information on the physical and chemical properties of molecules. However, it is not always straightforward to analyse the spectra because an NIR spectrum consists of a number of overlapped bands due to overtones and combination modes. An NIR spectrum may be analysed by conventional spectral analysis methods, chemometrics or two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. The following conventional

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Coops, Nicholas, Stephen Dury, Marie-Louise Smith, Mary Martin, and Scott Ollinger. "Comparison of green leaf eucalypt spectra using spectral decomposition." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 5 (2002): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt01082.

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Vegetation function and dynamics are key parameters in terrestrial carbon-cycle models. The strong linkages between biochemical constituents in foliage with photosynthetic capacity and ecosystem productivity makes the development of methods to characterise patterns of foliage biochemistry a potentially powerful approach for estimating leaf function and carbon fluxes at a variety of scales. Eucalypt foliage spectra were obtained over a range of species and locations in southern New South Wales, covering a significant productivity and climatic gradient. We applied a spectral decomposition techni

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21

Lipari, Massimo, and Morgan Sonderegger. "Spectral properties of Quebec French sibilants." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (2024): A314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0027632.

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Most acoustic work on sibilants has focused on English /s/ and /ʃ/, examining spectra of the middle portion of these consonants. Voiced sibilants, which are rarer cross-linguistically (Ohala, 1983), as well as sibilants in other languages, have received less attention; in particular, there has been no previous work on Quebec French. Previous cross-linguistic studies have suggested important differences in sibilant acoustics exist between languages (Gordon et al., 2002), including in the dynamics of spectral properties over the course of the segment (Reidy, 2016). This study adds to the literat

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Anderson, L. D., B. Liu, Dana S. Balser, et al. "Methods for Averaging Spectral Line Data." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 135, no. 1053 (2023): 114504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ad0444.

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Abstract The ideal spectral averaging method depends on one’s science goals and the available information about one’s data. Including low-quality data in the average can decrease the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), which may necessitate an optimization method or a consideration of different weighting schemes. Here, we explore a variety of spectral averaging methods. We investigate the use of three weighting schemes during averaging: weighting by the signal divided by the variance (“intensity-noise weighting”), weighting by the inverse of the variance (“noise weighting”), and uniform weighting. Wh

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Newman, Cathy D., Georges G. Bret, and Richard L. McCreery. "Fiber-Optic Sampling Combined with an Imaging Spectrograph for Routine Raman Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 2 (1992): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924125447.

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A 250-mm imaging spectrograph was combined with a CCD detector, fiber-optic sampler, and diode laser (783 nm) to yield an efficient Raman spectrometer. A variety of sampling modes for liquids and solids were demonstrated, none of which required careful optical alignment. Of practical interest are spectra obtained from liquids inside glass containers, rapid (30 seconds each) spectral acquisition from successive solid and liquid samples, and spectra of normally fluorescent materials such as rhodamine 6G and common plastics.

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NEITZ, MAUREEN, JOSEPH CARROLL, AGNES RENNER, HOLGER KNAU, JOHN S. WERNER, and JAY NEITZ. "Variety of genotypes in males diagnosed as dichromatic on a conventional clinical anomaloscope." Visual Neuroscience 21, no. 3 (2004): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523804213293.

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The hypothesis that dichromatic behavior on a clinical anomaloscope can be explained by the complement and arrangement of the long- (L) and middle-wavelength (M) pigment genes was tested. It was predicted that dichromacy is associated with an X-chromosome pigment gene array capable of producing only a single functional pigment type. The simplest case of this is when deletion has left only a single X-chromosome pigment gene. The production of a single L or M pigment type can also result from rearrangements in which multiple genes remain. Often, only the two genes at the 5′ end of the array are

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Hemmingsen, Sherry L., and Linda B. McGown. "Phase-Resolved Fluorescence Spectral and Lifetime Characterization of Commercial Humic Substances." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 7 (1997): 921–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971941458.

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Phase-resolved excitation-emission matrices (PREEMs) are shown to provide a unique visual representation of the intrinsic fluorescence properties of humic acids under a variety of solution conditions. The calculation of spectral peak ratios in PREEMs as well as steady-state excitation-emission matrices provides a convenient means for quantitating differences between the spectra with good precision. Absorbance correction is shown to be essential for accurate comparison among spectral features. Increased detail is available from PREEMs at various modulation frequencies that reveal the distributi

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Ramos-Guerrero, Luis, Gemma Montalvo, Marzia Cosmi, Carmen García-Ruiz, and Fernando E. Ortega-Ojeda. "Classification of Various Marijuana Varieties by Raman Microscopy and Chemometrics." Toxics 10, no. 3 (2022): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10030115.

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The Raman analysis of marijuana is challenging because of the sample’s easy photo-degradation caused by the laser intensity. In this study, optimization of collection parameters and laser focusing on marijuana trichome heads allowed collecting Raman spectra without damaging the samples. The Raman spectra of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabinol (CBN) standard cannabinoids were compared with Raman spectra of five different types of marijuana: four Sativa varieties (Amnesia Haze, Amnesia Hy-Pro, Original Amnesia, and Y Griega) and one Indica variety (Black Domina). The

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Suhandy, D., and M. Yulia. "Authentication of Six Indonesian Ground Roasted Specialty Coffees According to Variety and Geographical Origin using NIR Spectroscopy with Integrating Sphere." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 830, no. 1 (2021): 012065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/830/1/012065.

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Abstract Several factors such as type of bean (Arabica or Robusta), geographical origin (elevation, soil type, temperature, and solar radiation), and agronomic/postharvest practices (fertilization, bean processing, fermentation, and type of roasting) have a great influence on the quality of final taste of the coffee. In this research, an authentication of six Indonesian ground roasted specialty coffees according to different in variety and geographical origin using NIR spectroscopy with integrating sphere was evaluated. A total of 70 coffee samples of Arabica and Robusta coffee from different

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Suhandy, D., and M. Yulia. "Authentication of Six Indonesian Ground Roasted Specialty Coffees According to Variety and Geographical Origin using NIR Spectroscopy with Integrating Sphere." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 830, no. 1 (2021): 012065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/830/1/012065.

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Abstract Several factors such as type of bean (Arabica or Robusta), geographical origin (elevation, soil type, temperature, and solar radiation), and agronomic/postharvest practices (fertilization, bean processing, fermentation, and type of roasting) have a great influence on the quality of final taste of the coffee. In this research, an authentication of six Indonesian ground roasted specialty coffees according to different in variety and geographical origin using NIR spectroscopy with integrating sphere was evaluated. A total of 70 coffee samples of Arabica and Robusta coffee from different

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Tanimoto, Hiroki, Xu Hongkun, Masaishiro Mizumaki, et al. "Non-negative matrix factorization for 2D-XAS images of lithium ion batteries." Journal of Physics Communications 5, no. 11 (2021): 115005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/ac3268.

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Abstract Lithium-ion secondary batteries have been used in a wide variety of purposes, such as for powering mobile devices and electric vehicles, but their performance should be improved. One of the factors that limits their performance is the non-uniformity of the chemical reaction in the process of charging and discharging. Many attempts have been made to elucidate the mechanism behind this reaction non-uniformity. In this paper, to detect non-uniformity in various physical properties from Co K-edge two-dimensional x-ray absorption spectroscopy (2D-XAS) images of lithium ion batteries, we pr

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Neill, P., C. Harris, A. S. Safronova, et al. "The study of X-ray M-shell spectra of W ions from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Electron Beam Ion Trap." Canadian Journal of Physics 82, no. 11 (2004): 931–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p04-053.

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M-shell spectra of W ions have been produced at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory EBIT-II electron beam ion trap-II at different energies of the electron beam. A survey has been performed at 2.4, 2.8, and 3.6 keV, and for steps in energy of 100 eV over the 3.94.6 keV energy range. The analysis of 11 W spectra has shown the presence of a wide variety of ionization stages from Se-like to Cr-like W; the appearances of these ionization stages correlate well with the energy of their production. The present paper focuses on the identification of 63 experimental features of W ions in a spec

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Posada, H., M. Ferrand, F. Davrieux, P. Lashermes, and B. Bertrand. "Stability across environments of the coffee variety near infrared spectral signature." Heredity 102, no. 2 (2008): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2008.88.

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Donnelly, Grant P., Thomas S. Y. 劭愉 Lai 賴, Lee Armus, et al. "A Spectroscopically Calibrated Prescription for Extracting Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Flux from JWST MIRI Imaging." Astrophysical Journal 983, no. 1 (2025): 79. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adb97f.

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Abstract We introduce a prescription for estimating the flux of the 7.7 μm and 11.3 μm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features from broadband JWST/MIRI images. Probing PAH flux with MIRI imaging data has advantages in field of view, spatial resolution, and sensitivity compared with MIRI spectral maps, but comparisons with spectra are needed to calibrate these flux estimations over a wide variety of environments. For 267 MIRI/MRS spectra from independent regions in the four luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) in the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey Early Release Science program, we

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Yager, D. B., and J. E. Quick. "SUPERXAP- A Personal-Computer-Based Program for Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectra Analysis." Advances in X-ray Analysis 36 (1992): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800018590.

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AbstractSUPERXAP (Super X-ray Analysis Program) enables IBM-compatible personal computers to analyze energy-dispersive spectra using least-squares spectral deconvolution. The program corrects for instrument drift, background, peak overlap, and matrix effects. Pull down menus provide 24 subroutines and functions, that allow spectra to be transferred, stored, viewed, manipulated, and analyzed. Spectral peaks can be identified manually or automatically with color-coded K, L or M lines. Working curves are developed using an interactive routine that creates standard files by least-squares fitting o

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Şaka, Irfan, and Azmi Gençten. "A Theoretical Investigation of 2D MAXY-JRES NMR Spectroscopy of CDnCDm Groups." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 63, no. 5-6 (2008): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2008-5-614.

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There exists a variety of multiple-pulse NMR experiments for spectral editing of complex molecules in solution. Maximum quantum correlation NMR (MAXY NMR) spectroscopy is one of the techniques for distinguishing CHn groups by editing 1H NMR spectra. Spectral assignments of 2D homonuclear J-resolved NMR spectroscopy become too difficult, due to complex overlapping spectra. In order to overcome this problem a new technique called 2D MAXY-JRES NMR spectroscopy, which is the combination of MAXY NMR and homonuclear J-resolved NMR spectroscopy, is used. In this study, product operator description of

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Shahi, Shrey K., and Jack W. Baker. "NGA-West2 Models for Ground Motion Directionality." Earthquake Spectra 30, no. 3 (2014): 1285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/040913eqs097m.

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The NGA-West2 research program, coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER), is a major effort to produce refined models for predicting ground motion response spectra. This study presents new models for ground motion directionality developed as part of that project. Using a database of recorded ground motions, empirical models have been developed for a variety of quantities related to direction-dependent spectra. A model is proposed for the maximum spectral acceleration observed in any orientation of horizontal ground motion shaking ( Sa RotD100), which is formulat

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Bolton, C. T., A. W. Fullerton, D. Bohlender, J. D. Landstreet, and D. R. Gies. "The Magnetic Be Star Sigma Orionis E." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 92 (August 1987): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100116057.

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Over the past two years, we have obtained high resolution high signal/noise (S/N) spectra of the magnetic Be star σ Ori E at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope and McDonald Observatory. These spectra, which cover the spectral regions 399-417.5 and 440-458.5 nm and the Hα line and have typical S/N>200 and spectral resolution ≃0.02 nm, were obtained at a variety of rotational phases in order to study the magnetic field structure, the distribution of elements in the photosphere, and the effects of the magnetic field on the emission envelope. Our analysis of these spectra confirms, refines and

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Stepcenkov, Sergej, Thorsten Wilhelm, and Christian Wöhler. "Learning the Link between Albedo and Reflectance: Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Hyperspectral Bands from CTX Images." Remote Sensing 14, no. 14 (2022): 3457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14143457.

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The instruments of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) provide a large quantity and variety of imagining data for investigations of the Martian surface. Among others, the hyper-spectral Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) captures visible to infrared reflectance across several hundred spectral bands. However, Mars is only partially covered with targeted CRISM at full spectral and spatial resolution. In fact, less than one percent of the Martian surface is imaged in this way. In contrast, the Context Camera (CTX) onboard the MRO delivers images with a higher spatial r

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Moskovskiy, Maksim, Stanislav Gerasimenko, Andrey Boiko, and Sergey Vorobev. "Research of the spectral characteristics of healthy and fusarium-infected oat seeds of the variety “ZALP” with hyperspectral camera." E3S Web of Conferences 285 (2021): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128502015.

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The paper presents the research of the spectral lines of healthy and fusarium-infected oat seeds using a hyperspectral imaging system. Hyperspectral images of healthy and diseased kernels were studied using the Specim IQ hyperspectral camera and Albedo 4.0.23 program (for subsequent processing). The spectral diagrams of the horizon (800 nm - 1000 nm) have been determined. They can identify the oat seeds of the ZALP variety which infected with pathogenic microflora by fungi of the genus Fusarium. Variety harvested in the central zone of the Russian Federation.

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Ritchie, Nicholas W. M., Dale E. Newbury, and Jeffrey M. Davis. "EDS Measurements of X-Ray Intensity at WDS Precision and Accuracy Using a Silicon Drift Detector." Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, no. 4 (2012): 892–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927612001109.

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AbstractThe accuracy and precision of X-ray intensity measurements with a silicon drift detector (SDD) are compared with the same measurements performed on a wavelength dispersive spectrometer (WDS) for a variety of elements in a variety of materials. In cases of major (>0.10 mass fraction) and minor (>0.01 mass fraction) elements, the SDD is demonstrated to perform as well or better than the WDS. This is demonstrated both for simple cases in which the spectral peaks do not interfere (SRM-481, SRM-482, and SRM-479a), and for more difficult cases in which the spectral peaks have significa

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Cont, D., F. Yan, A. Reiners, et al. "Silicon in the dayside atmospheres of two ultra-hot Jupiters." Astronomy & Astrophysics 657 (January 2022): L2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142776.

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Atmospheres of highly irradiated gas giant planets host a large variety of atomic and ionic species. Here we observe the thermal emission spectra of the two ultra-hot Jupiters WASP-33b and KELT-20b/MASCARA-2b in the near-infrared wavelength range with CARMENES. Via high-resolution Doppler spectroscopy, we searched for neutral silicon (Si) in their dayside atmospheres. We detect the Si spectral signature of both planets via cross-correlation with model spectra. Detection levels of 4.8σ and 5.4σ, respectively, are observed when assuming a solar atmospheric composition. This is the first detectio

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Xu, Yunnan, Pang Du, Ryan Senger, John Robertson, and James L. Pirkle. "ISREA: An Efficient Peak-Preserving Baseline Correction Algorithm for Raman Spectra." Applied Spectroscopy 75, no. 1 (2020): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702820955245.

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A critical step in Raman spectroscopy is baseline correction. This procedure eliminates the background signals generated by residual Rayleigh scattering or fluorescence. Baseline correction procedures relying on asymmetric loss functions have been employed recently. They operate with a reduced penalty on positive spectral deviations that essentially push down the baseline estimates from invading Raman peak areas. However, their coupling with polynomial fitting may not be suitable over the whole spectral domain and can yield inconsistent baselines. Their requirement of the specification of a th

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Gao, Yujie, Xu Li, Yansheng Cheng, et al. "Gemological, Spectral and Chemical Features of Canary Yellow Chrysoberyl." Crystals 13, no. 11 (2023): 1580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13111580.

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In this study, seventeen faceted gem-quality chrysoberyls exhibiting an attractive canary yellow color were investigated using a variety of gemological, spectral, and chemical methods. Microscopic observation revealed the presence of distinct growth lines and inclusions, including CO2 fluids, carbon, and crystals of mineral such as calcite, quartz, sillimanite, and mica, identified by the Raman spectrum. The FTIR spectra showed the characteristic peaks of 2405 and 2160 cm−1 and a 3223 cm−1 peak in all samples, which can be accompanied by the 3112 cm−1 shoulder, 3301, and 3412 and 3432 cm−1 pea

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Bernhardt, V., A. Grumpe, and C. Wöhler. "SPECTRAL UNMIXING BASED CONSTRUCTION OF LUNAR MINERAL ABUNDANCE MAPS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W1 (July 25, 2017): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w1-7-2017.

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In this study we apply a nonlinear spectral unmixing algorithm to a nearly global lunar spectral reflectance mosaic derived from hyper-spectral image data acquired by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M<sup>3</sup>) instrument. Corrections for topographic effects and for thermal emission were performed. A set of 19 laboratory-based reflectance spectra of lunar samples published by the Lunar Soil Characterization Consortium (LSCC) were used as a catalog of potential endmember spectra. For a given spectrum, the multi-population population-based incremental learning (MPBIL) algorithm was us

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Reynolds, William F., Raul G. Enríquez, Marco A. Chavez, Ana L. Silba, and Miguel A. Martinez. "Total assignment of the 1H and 13C spectra of mikanokryptin and comparison of its solution and solid state conformations." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 4 (1985): 849–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v85-141.

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The 1H and 13C spectra of mikanokryptin are unambiguously assigned using a variety of one-dimensional nmr experiments (selective homonuclear decoupling, use of inversion–recovery pulse sequences to reveal hidden peaks, and DEPT spectral editing) in conjunction with normal and "long range" two-dimensional heteronuclear correlated experiments. Detailed comparison of vicinal, allylic, and homoallylic 1H—1H coupling constants with dihedral angles determined from an earlier crystal structure determination indicates that solution and solid state configurations are similar.

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Sembiring, H., H. L. Lees, W. R. Raun, et al. "Effect of growth stage and variety on spectral radiance in winter wheat." Journal of Plant Nutrition 23, no. 1 (2000): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904160009382003.

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Klančnik, Katja, Mojca Mlinar, and Alenka Gaberščik. "Heterophylly results in a variety of “spectral signatures” in aquatic plant species." Aquatic Botany 98, no. 1 (2012): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.12.004.

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Ramaiah, K., P. K. Dubey, D. Eswara Rao, et al. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Spectral Properties of a Variety of 2-Styrylbenzimidazoles." ChemInform 32, no. 21 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200121110.

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Liu, Weihua, Shan Zeng, Hao Li, Zuyin Xiao, Xin Huang, and Haohui Jiang. "Paddy variety identification using hyperspectral imagery under non-ideal illumination conditions." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 18, no. 05 (2020): 2050036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691320500368.

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Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has shown great potential in the use of paddy variety identification. However, the quality of HSI images taken by a hyperspectral camera under non-ideal illumination is vulnerable to environmental influences such as shadows and noises, leading to a degraded identification result. This problem is addressed in this study by a two-stage image processing method. First, to eliminate the influence of shadows, a grayscale image based on the reflectance slope is synthesized. The synthetic reflectance slope image (SRSI) is binarized for image segmentation and shape features

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Davison, William, David Parkinson, and Brad E. Tucker. "STag: Supernova Tagging and Classification." Astrophysical Journal 925, no. 2 (2022): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac3422.

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Abstract Supernovae classes have been defined phenomenologically, based on spectral features and time series data, since the specific details of the physics of the different explosions remain unrevealed. However, the number of these classes is increasing as objects with new features are observed, and the next generation of large surveys will only bring more variety to our attention. We apply the machine learning technique of multi-label classification to the spectra of supernovae. By measuring the probabilities of specific features or “tags” in the supernova spectra, we can compress the inform

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Weisman, R. Bruce. "(Nanocarbons Division Richard E. Smalley Research Award) Fluorescence of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: From Discovery to Real-World Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 9 (2024): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-019896mtgabs.

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The unique physical and chemical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) continue to inspire extensive research by many basic and applied researchers. One of the most remarkable features of SWCNTs is their variety of pi-electronic structures associated with specific diameters and roll-up angles. Approximately two-thirds of these structural species are semiconducting and display near-infrared photoluminescence (fluorescence) through direct band gap transitions. I will describe the discovery of this SWCNT fluorescence and the assignment of specific spectral features to physical nan

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