Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spectrophotométrie'
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Potin, Sandra. "Spectrophotométrie de la matière extra-terrestre." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALU010.
Full textReflectance spectroscopy is one of the major techniques used to retrieve information on physical and mineralogical configuration of the surface of planetary bodies. However, the reflectance of a surface strongly depends on parameters unrelated to its surface, such as the temperature or the illumination and observation configuration. The new spectro-gonio radiometer at IPAG, SHADOWS, has been specially designed to conduct bidirectional reflectance spectroscopy on dark and small surfaces, such as meteorites. This goniometeralso owns two environmental cells, MIRAGE and IceBERG, allowing the study on thesamples under similar temperature and pressure conditions as the Solar System small bodies. The analysis of the hydration signatures on meteoritic spectra under asteroidal condition showed the alteration of the mineralogy by the high temperature. A new deconvolution model has been used to separate and independently analyze the components of the 3-µm band. Comparison between laboratory measurements and telescopic observations of asteroids highlighted the link between this spectral signature and the aqueous and thermal alteration history of the surface. A serie of bidirectional reflectance spectroscopyon various surfaces showed that the reflectace strongly depends on the geometrical configuration of the measurement. These results have been then applied to a simulated asteroid to show the effect of the shape of the body on its integrated spectrum
Turri-Mao, Jun. "Etude comportementale d'effluents industriels par spectrophotométrie UV-visible." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2008AIX11007.pdf.
Full textDupuit, Estelle. "L'analyse de polluants gazeux par spectrophotométrie UV moyennement résolutive." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11021.
Full textBrégon, Galéa Valérie. "Contrôle de qualité par spectrophotométrie proche infrarouge dans l'industrie pharmaceutique." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P009.
Full textEl, Khorassani Houda (1971. "Caractérisation d'effluents industriels par spectrophotométrie ultraviolette appliquée à l'industrie pétrochimique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11090.
Full textBussotti, Jean-Franck. "Spectroscopie : innovation en spectrophotométrie UV-Visisble, et développement de nouvelles générations de spectrophotomètres." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0466.
Full textGilles, Sébastien. "Spectrophotométrie des supernovae de type Ia : extraction des données de SNIFS et premiers résultats." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077057.
Full textThis thesis takes place within the SuperNova factory experiment, which includes about 20 french and american searchers. The purpose is to improve the usage of type la supernovae in cosmology, both by improving our understanding of supernovae diversity and by increasing statistics for low redshift (0. 03 < z < 0. 08). After a brief introduction to these aspects, I focused more specifically the SNfactory experiment, which includes two components : a search of supernovae with data from NEAT and QUEST-II surveys from Mont Palomar (California) and a follow-up with the SNIFS instrument, specifically designed for this task and mounted permanently on the University of Hawaii telescope on the Mauna Kea. My task concerned SNIFS spectroscopic channels : a simulation of a datacube and a spectrum extraction method are thus presented here, with a discussion about the PSF to choose. The goal of 1 % précision in flux calibration in photometric nights seems to be reachable with my extraction code. I finally presented an analysis of 10 SNIFS supernovae, including a measurement of expanding velo-city evaluated from blueshift of 4 spectrum features with a new method I designed which is more robust and reproducible method. These measures point out that 20 % of the sample is clearly different from the average behaviour
Pouly, Frédéric. "La spectrophotométrie UV : une approche analytique alternative aux besoins du raffinage." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11022.
Full textDa, Silva Pereira Rui. "Nearby Supernovae Factory : Calibration of SNIFS data and spectrophotometric Type la supernovae light curves." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077167.
Full textType la supernovae (SNe la) are one of the pillars of modem observational cosmology, since they are good standard candies for distance measurements in the universe. The cosmological analysis using SNe la requires the observation of both high and low-redshift objects, and the smaller statistic of events on the latter case represents a major source of uncertainties. This thesis takes place within the SNfactory project, which aims to study nearby (0. 03 < z < 0. 08) SNe la using an integral field spectrograph, SNIFS. The presented work is divided into: a technical part, dealing with the acquisition, calibration and extraction of data from the SNIFS photometric camera; and an analysis where spectrophotometric light curves issued frc-m SNIFS spectra were obtained, and used to create the first spectrophotometric nearby Hubble diagram. An extraction pipeline of the differential photometric ratios between nights, needed for the flux calibration of the spectra, was built. The systematic errors affecting these ratios are estimated to be below 2%, and spectrophotometric light curves of standard stars show a 5% photometric precision of the full flux calibration on non-photometric conditions. The obtained nearby Hubble diagram presents a smaller residual scatter than the one made using currently available data. A K-correction free cosmological fit shows an additional reduction of 5% on the scatter, until now undistinguishable from the SNe la "intrinsic dispersion"
Beauseigneur, Thierry. "Techniques de spectrophotométrie dans l'infrarouge et de mesure des pertes par diffusion pour la caractérisation de couches minces optiques." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30050.
Full textNormand-Marleau, Michel. "Application de la spectrophotométrie ultraviolette à la caractérisation d'eaux naturelles du Québec." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/382.
Full textNoel, Stéphanie. "Spectrophotométrie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier : validation d'une méthode d'identification par réflexion diffuse." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2P033.
Full textBenabdallah, Mohammed. "Spéciation de l'étain en traces dans l'environnement aquatique par spectrophotométrie d'absorption atomique électrothermique." Pau, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PAUU3026.
Full textDarmoul, Yacine. "La mesure spectrophotométrique du pH et de l'alcalinité dans les eaux continentales : développement de la méthode et intégration dans un capteur de mesure in-situ haute fréquence." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GLOB0014.
Full textThe different compartments of the hydrosphere are major sinks or sources of CO2 and the role of freshwaters in the global carbon cycle has been recently reevaluated as substantial. Freshwaters show variations of the carbonate system variables at hourly time scales and in a large range. A key limitation for the carbonate system studies is the necessity of accurate, in-situ and high frequency measurements that would provide data with suitable spatial and temporal resolutions to enlighten the processes affecting the carbonate system. With the aim of in-situ and high frequency sensor development to assess the freshwaters whole carbonate system with the simultaneous measurement of the pH-Alkalinity couple, spectrophotometric measurement of these parameters is developped. This work focuses mainly on the spectrophotometric alkalinity (Alk) measurement, which is an original contribution. This new method, consists to neutralize all the basic species taken into account in the Alk by a weak acid (formic acid, HFo) mixed with a pH sensitive dye (bromophenol blue, BPB) to measure accurately the pH end point value and thus deduce the Alk of the sample. After a step of laboratory adjustement, the performance of the spectrophotometric methods is assessed in low pH buffer solutions for pH, commercial mineral and spring waters for Alk and natural freshwaters for both, by a comparison to conventional potentiometric measurements and theoretical calculations. PH measurements show a precision of ±0. 005; Alk measurements show a precision of ±7μM. For Alk measurement, the best accuracy is obtained by downplaying the excess acid term and thus its associed uncertainty. Additionnaly, for both pH and Alk, accuracy relies upon the performance of the spectrophotometer, carefully prepared and defined indicator solution and all very controlled and reliable thermodynamic constants with their temperature and ionic strength dependence. After this step that provide strong theoretical basis which precision and accuracy meet the requirements of scientist working on freshwaters systems, the spectrophotometric pH-Alk method was integrated as an in-situ and high frequency sensor. The integration started by a functioning assessment that leads to some modifications on the prototype. Additionnaly, the integration bring to light others optical, mechanical and chemical troubles that were solved before the method validation where previous performances were increased: pH measurements show a precision of ±0. 002 and Alk measurements show a precision of ±3μM. Finally, the prototype sensor was successfully tested on natural freshwaters (a carbonated french lake and the Seine river). These deployment shows the sensor sturdiness but reveal the difficulty of Alk measurement in waters with high turbidity, that necessitate a filtration step before spectrophotometric measurements
Tran, Van Man. "Dispositif microfluidique de concentration et de detection pour le dosage du plomb (Pb 2+) dans l'eau." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0158.
Full textThis thesis focus on the implementation of a microfluidic based micro-extractor which can perform on-line :extraction-detection of target molecules flowing in a carrier liquid. The system comprises a primary micro channel , containing a flowing aqueous carrier liquid and a secondary immiscible organic storage fluid in an adjacent hannel. The biphasic interface is stabilized by vertical micro-pillars. The fabrication of the device is described and followed by the theoretical and experimental study on the interfacial fluidic stabilization. The results were used for the application of liquid-liquid extraction of lead (Pb2+) from water D an organic solvent phase. The pre-concentration of lead ion is coupled with the in-situ detection using an ntegrated UV -VIS spectrophotometer
François, Patrick. "Nucléosynthèse des métaux légers : observations à haute résolution spectrale et comparaison aux modèles d'évolution galactique." Observatoire de Paris, 1986. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02095285.
Full textSerpentini, Charles-Louis. "Etude des propriétés électrochimiques d'eumélanines synthétiques pour une nouvelle approche dans la conception d'agents dépigmentants ou hyperpigmentants." Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30108.
Full textBounatiro, Loth. "Étude de la région centrale de l'Amas Mel 111 dans la constellation Coma Bérénices." Observatoire de Paris, 1986. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01958577.
Full textZhou, Jiang Yan. "Microspectrofluorimétrie des nitrites et N-nitrosamines à l'aide de dérivés coumariniques (7-amino courmarine, luminarines)." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA114846.
Full textBaudino, Jean-Loup. "Analyse des données photométriques et spectroscopiques infrarouges d'exoplanètes obtenues avec l'instrument SPHERE au VLT." Observatoire de Paris, 2015. https://hal.science/tel-02095304.
Full textSince 2003 direct imaging of exoplanets allows us to obtain spectroscopic and photometric data to characterize their atmospheres. First, our goal was to develop a simple tool to interpret data from SPHERE and GPI to derive planetary physical parameters. We developed a model of young giant exoplanet (called Exo-REM for Exoplanet Radiative-convective Equilibrium Model). Input parameters are surface gravity g, effective temperature (Teff) and an elemental composition. Opacity sources include the H2 –He collision-induced absorption and atomic and molecular lines from eight compounds (including CH4 updated with the Exomol linelist). We consider clouds of iron and silicates without scattering. I have used Exo-REM to analyse photometric and spectral observations of HD 95086 b, beta Pictoris b, kappa Andromedae B, HR 8799 b, c, d, e, GJ 758 B. I finally investigated the presicion to which the above parameters can be constrained from SPHERE measurement
Marianne, Catherine. "Validation de la recherche d'aluminium dans l'albumine par spectrophotométrie d'absorption atomique à effet Zeeman." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P102.
Full textCoulomb, Bruno. "Spectrophotométrie U. V. -visible avancée pour l'analyse en continu d'éléments métalliques dans les eaux." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX11030.
Full textFeller, Olivier (1970. "Analyse des métaux lourds dans les eaux de mer par spectrophotométrie d'absorption atomique électrothermique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11089.
Full textIvanovic, Darko. "CLHP en phase inverse et spectrophotométrie dérivée appliqués au contrôle de qualité du médicament." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA114821.
Full textBrahmia, Ouarda. "Phototransformation en solution aqueuse du carbaryl, du 1-naphtol et de la 1,4-naphtoquinone." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF21496.
Full textBézecourt, Jocelyn. "Etude de l'evolution spectrophotometrique des galaxies lointaines a l'aide de l'optique gravitationnelle." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30240.
Full textPinon, Vincent. "Contribution à l'étude des solutions de soufre et de polysulfures dans l'ammoniac liquide et des amines par spectroscopie UV-visible et RPE." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10093.
Full textBerho, Catherine. "Caractérisation de fractions hétérogènes par méthodes optiques au cours de procédés de fabrication. : Application aux suspensions papetières et vinicoles." Pau, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PAUU3004.
Full textThe aim of this work is to study the evolution of these fractions during the transformation of the organic matter by UV-visible spectrophotometry. Suspensions which are representative of two conditions of organic matter evolution are selected : paper and wine-making suspensions. A study of model suspensions and solutions allows to show the influence of the nature and the size of particules or macromolecules an the optical responses. The application of this work to real suspensions leads to qualitative information of transferts phenomena of matter. From a quantitative point of view, the deconvolution of organic compounds which present specific UV responses. Concerning both organic and mineral compounds, the coupling UV-visible spectrophotometry/laser granulometry is promising. Quantification of phenolic compounds in wine-making suspensions is difficult because of the complexity of the matrix
Hamdi, Abdelwaheb. "Synthèse et propriétés complexantes vis-à-vis de cations mono et divalents des amido-calix[4]arènes hétéro ditopiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13180.
Full textBadoil, Bruno. "Contrôle spectrophotométrique large bande de filtres interférentiels en cours de dépôt." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30047.
Full textBroadband optical monitoring for thin-film filter manufacturing is more and more developed thanks to better performances of spectrometers with array detectors. With our broadband system developed during this thesis work, we have two monitoring channels, a transmittance and a reflectance one. The two spectral responses are recorded simultaneously at each turn of the substrate holder over an extended spectral range [400 nm ; 1000 nm]. The use of such an optical measurement system enables a real time re-engineering process of reoptimizing the coating design after each layer. In situ determination of the real and imaginary parts of refractive indexes are possible too. Index characterization and manufacturing results are shown in this work
Clowez, Sophie. "Conséquences Fonctionnelles de l’Organisation Supramoléculaire de la Chaîne Photosynthétique et Commutation Entre Transferts d’Electrons Cyclique et Linéaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066525/document.
Full textThe photosynthetic process relies on an electron flow involving several complexes in the thylakoid membranes of photosynthetic organisms. This flux can follow two possibly competing pathways: the linear electron transfer through which electrons are transferred from water (which is oxidized) to NADP+ (which is reduced), which is coupled to the generation of a transmembrane potential difference allowing the synthesis of ATP (Allen 2002); the cyclic pathway (around PSI and Cytochrome b6f complex) which only allows the production of ATP. These two pathways are thought to be essential for the reduction of CO2 and must likely coexist to allow the photosynthetic ATP/NADPH ratio to meet the requirement of the reduction of CO2 into carbohydrates (Seelert, Poetsch et al. 2000 ; Munekage, Hashimoto et al. 2004). This mere statement raises the question of the mechanisms that prevail in the implication of the same actors, within the same membrane, in either one of the two functional modes. In the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, our results show that the regulation of cyclic electron transfer is controlled by the redox poise and not by the lateral migration of antennae (Takahashi, Clowez et al. 2013), and disprove with the conclusion drawn from previous studies (Bulté, Rebeillé et al. 1990 ; Finazzi, Rappaport et al. 2002) according to which state transition would determine this switch. The association of these antennae to Photosystem I would promote the sequestration, within a single unit, of all the actors of the cyclic mode. Functional studies, in vitro, of supercomplex formation under anoxic conditions, questions on their functional capacities. This PhD work presents also the characterization of transient ‘’acceptor side limitation’’ of PSI, upon the onset of anoxia where it is not possible to observe an oxidation of P700 in 705 nm. This phenomenon due to the charge recombination is created by an accumulation of NADPH. The spontaneous oxidation of the PSI acceptor pool, after some time under anoxia, involves the hydrogenase induction, accepting the electrons from NADPH. It’s also possible to induce this PSI oxidation as soon as cells are constantly under illumination, involving chloroplast ATP pathway. ATP synthesised in the light, allow the consumption of NADPH through Benson-Calvin cycle
Pérez, Fabien. "Etude spectrophotométrique d'effluents industriels : application à l'estimation de paramètres." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11031.
Full textSassi, Zina. "Etude des spectres vibrationnels et des propriétés électriques des hexahydridoaluminates alcalins Li3AlHnD6-n n=(0,1,2,4,5,6) et de Na3AlH6." Lyon, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAL0024.
Full textLaloui, Ratiba. "Oxydation de l'iode par le peroxyde d'hydrogène en milieu aqueux, à 25°C." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30088.
Full textThe oxidation of iodine by hydrogen peroxide is one of the two stages of Bray-Liebhafskii's oscillator. The understanding of the chemistry of iodine resulting from this reaction is also useful for the reprocessing of irradiated fuel. The kinetics were studied by coupling of spectrophotometry and voltammetry techniques, on a reactional mixture of still composition obtained in fed reactor. Once the composition of the mixture analyzed in situ is made, the stop of the feed starts the reaction. The kinetic recordings of absorbance, current and, nul current potential according to time are complex and show several periods (initial period, period of sharp increase, and period of slowing down). The recordings were subjected to various treatments to obtain the rate according to time or to the concentration of iodine. Parameter settings by polynomes of three periods restore very correctly the morphology of curves. The evolution of the parameters with the initial composition brings new information (in this particular case the break of behavior in [I2]so / [H2O2] = 0,5) while no change of behavior shows itself before and after the stoechiometry. The presence of iodine (+1) was verified, and a mechanism is sketched
Hamidi, Dalila. "Spectroscopie de saturation à plusieurs zones d'interaction sur un jet supersonic d'iode : Observation de franges de ramsey 514,5 nm." Paris 13, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA132027.
Full textCrone, Magalie. "Diagnostic de sols pollués par des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) a l'aide de la spectrophotométrie UV." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00837762.
Full textMabrut, Jean-Yves. "Le reflux duodéno-gastro-oesophagien : données actuelles, apport de la détection de bilirubine par spectrophotométrie : bilimétrie." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10125.
Full textCrône, Magalie. "Diagnostic de sols pollués par des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) à l'aide de la spectrophotométrie UV." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/83/77/62/PDF/2000_Crone_Magalie.pdf.
Full textPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were produced by many pyrolitic or combustion processes. They were found in soils, often in high concentrations. Remediation of industrial sites contaminated by P AHs requires an initial diagnosis of the pollution. In this perspective, an analytical procedure based on UV spectrophotometry was developed and validated with about 80 soil samples. Different exploitation methods of the samples UV spectra enable to develop simple and rapid characterization tools. A PAH UV index is proposed for the estimation of global PAH concentration. A more accurate exploitation of the spectra gives an indication on the presence or the absence of some individual PAH like benzo[ a ]pyrene. A maturity index based on a two wavelength approach constitutes an indicator of the potential evolution of soil contamination in natural conditions. Laboratory methodology was adapted to field analysis and a test kit was designed for this purpose. The test duration is 20 minutes
Renard, Frédérique. "Réseaux de neurones couplés à la spectrophotométrie ultraviolette pour le contrôle automatique de la qualité des eaux." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq21823.pdf.
Full textRenard, Frédérique. "Réseaux de neurones couplés à la spectrophotométrie ultraviolette pour le contrôle automatique de la qualité des eaux." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1995. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/997.
Full textTrouillard, Martin. "L'organisation de la chaîne de transfert d'électrons respiratoire : développement d'une nouvelle méthode pour l'étude spectrophotométrique en temps réel des transferts d'électrons respiratoires dans des cellules entières." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066647.
Full textCathelinaud, Michel. "Séquences métal-diélectrique par le filtrage spectral large bande et les absorbeurs de lumière : Détermination d'indice des couches minces métalliques." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30059.
Full textIn this work, we are interested in metal-dielectric coatings for bandpass filters with a broad rejection band and for light absorbers. In both cases, the filters are designed for the same application : a multispectral detector. For bandpass filters, we show how, using the potential transmittance, one can minimize the losses due to absorption in métal layers. We have designed and produced a metal-dielectric bandpass filter with a broad rejection band, whose number of layers is much smaller than ail dielectric solutions for similar performances. For light absorbers, we propose solutions with simple metal dielectric structures. The indices of metals not being easily identifiable in thin layers, we have developed a new method for index determination by spectrophotometry. The results obtained for various thicknesses of nickel show a strong dependence of the indices on thickness. We have used the Maxwell Gamett model with an adjustment as fine as possible a filling law giving the metal compactness as a function of thickness. .
Le, Lamer-Deschamps Sophie. "Utilisation de la pharmacocinetique de population dans le développement préclinique d'un nouvel antidiabètique : le tungstate de sodium." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON13503.
Full textAgnel, Christine. "Caractérisation spectrophotométrique et photodégradation de la matière organique des eaux et des effluents." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11029.
Full textDescroix, Damien. "Application de la spectrophotométrie de flamme à la détection des aérosols biologiques dans l'air ambiant par analyse multivariée." Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002531340204611&vid=upec.
Full textThe aim of our study is the biological aerosol detection by flame emission photometry. We must determine the essential parameters to bacterium detection and to define limits of sensitivity for atoms which are present into these microorganisms. We analyze bacteria through the emission lines, mainly alkaline metals. Our first step has behaved us to put in place measurement tools and treatments around a flame spectrophotometer. This device analyzes on spectral range from 340 to 800 nm. Our study took place in three steps : the optimization of the sampling parameters, the particle analysis by flame spectroscopy and the statistical treatment by multi-and megavariate data analysis. The device which we used, allows to take inhaled particles and to concentrate according to their size. The optimization of the parameters of the device (burner, optics), allowed to obtain limits of sensitivity about the femtogram (fg) for sodium and potassium
Pégourié, Bernard. "Etude photométrique et spectrophotométrique de la nature et de la distribution des poussières autour des étoiles géantes et supergéantes rouges oxygénées." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA077073.
Full textGonzalez, Jean-François. "Accélérations radiatives et inhomogénéités d'abondance des éléments C,N,O dans les atmosphères et enveloppes d'étoiles A et F." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10247.
Full textTeral, Yannick. "Synthèse de chromènes fluorés et phosphorés : Sondes spectroscopiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX22096.
Full textEl, Khatib Mazen. "Mécanisme et modélisation des réactions intervenant au cours de la synthèse d'une hydrazine d'intérêt pharmaceutique : le N-amino3-aza bicyclo [3,3,0]octane." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO18994.
Full textPoulet, François. "Etude des interactions anneaux-satellites : implications dynamiques et photométriques pour les anneaux et les satellites internes de Saturne." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 1998. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01958567.
Full textThe physical and dynamical properties of Saturn’s inner satellites and rings are studied from new observations obtained during the Earth and Sun ring plane crossings in 1995. In those particular circumstances, several goals have been achieved. The optical properties of four inner satellites (Prometheus, Pandora, Epimetheus, Janus) and five rings (the four main rings and the F ring) have been determined from 0. 3 to 0. 9 µm. The spectrophotometric study (albedo and color) has indicated strong correlations between these objects, which provides some constrains on their origin. The photometric profiles of edge-on rings allowed to study their vertical structure. The residual flux is dominated by the F ring. A photometric modelling gives a physical thickness of the F ring of 21 ± 4 km. Such a vertical distribution is consistent with the interactions between ring particles and shepherding satellites and/or with gravitational stirring by large bodies of a few km radius. This period of observations turned to account to discover new ring features lying near the F ring. Our observations combined with other data show that these new objects are likely to be transient with lifetime inferior to several months. A scenario to explain their formation and destruction is proposed : each objects is a regolith cloud resulting from a collision between two parent bodies. The characteristics of the parent bodies population are derived from an analytical model in which the processes of collision and accretion are included. In addition to the results directly stemming from ring plane crossing observations, I modeled the dynamical evolution of the inner satellites. Two complementary approaches (analytical and numerical) show that the converging orbits of Prometheus and Pandora should end up to a close encounter in less than 20 millions of years. The primary mean motion resonances between the two satellites play the role of protection mechanism against the convergence, which increases, the dynamical lifetime of the satellites couple by several tens millions of years. The implications of this evolution on the rings origin are discussed