Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spectroscopie à excitation de spin'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Spectroscopie à excitation de spin.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Habot, Simon, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Time-symmetric shaped pulses for spin-1 excitation." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 1998, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/71.
Full textxiii, 99 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.
Bachellier, Nicolas. "On surface spin detection and doping of metallocenes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAE030/document.
Full textThe main subject of this PhD thesis is the study of metallocenes deposited on copper surfaces. Their adsorptions and electronic properties are experimentally studied by scanning tunnelling microscopy(STM) and scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS). Our results were confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) computations. More precisely, we studied how ferrocene FeC10H10 and nickelocene NiC10H10 are adsorbed on copper. We found that these metallocenes spontaneously create networks alternating horizontal and vertical molecules. We added a cobalt atom to the ferrocene in order to modify its structure and we characterized the magnetic properties of the new molecule we created, in particular the appearance of a Kondo effect showing that magnetic properties appeared in the molecule. The spectroscopic study of nickelocene revealed an excitation of the molecule at low bias. This excitation consist in a change in the spin orientation of the molecule, going from an orientation perpendicular to the main molecule axis to an orientation parallel to this axis. We finally transferred a nickelocene to the STM tip and used this molecular tip to probe the states of a second molecule. We consequently obtained a double spin excitation in our tunnel junction, with a significant increase of the conductance due to excitations
Renucci, Pierre. "Dynamique des polaritons de microcavité : cohérences optiques, cohérences de spin." Toulouse, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAT0020.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the study, via ultrafast time-resolved optical spectroscopy, of optical and spin coherence phenomena involving polaritons in semiconductor microcavities. Coherent control of spin and population of polaritons is performed and we show that the scattering processes responsible for the loss of optical coherence are less efficient when the quasi-particule exhibits a strong photonic character. At low density, the analysis of spin coherences evidences a quenching of spin and alignment relaxation processes for negative detuning. At higher density, a strong non-linear mechanism is observed in the strong coupling regime. This effect is interpreted as stimulated parametric scattering, a coherent process which relies on a bosonic approach of interacting polaritons. Under transverse magnetic field, spin quantum beats are observed. Under resonant excitation, an electron-hole spin correlation is evidenced. To finish with, we show that the absolute value of the effective transverse electron Landé factor increases with the excitonic character of the quasi-particule
Garnier, Léo. "Spin and vibrational excitation of single metallocene molecules in the junction of a scanning tunneling microscope." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021STRAE008.
Full textThis thesis focus on the magnetism at the atomic scale using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). We study metallocenes, the nickelocene [Ni(C5H5)2], which present a spectroscopic signature due its spin excitation and the cobaltocene [Co(C5H5)2] which possess a Kondo resonance. These molecules protect the magnetic properties of their metal if it is adsorbed on a surface or at the apex of our STM tip. In addition to the characteristic signature of the nickelocene, we can study the vibration of this system when placed into a layer of these molecules doped with atoms. In this case, we could identify the spin and vibrational excitations as well as the vibron-assisted spin excitation. The same applies to the cobaltocene adsorb on the STM tip, since, some inelastic electrons can excite the Kondo resonance and the vibrational modes of the molecule. Furthermore, the magnetic signature of these molecules on the tip can create an exchange field with objects on the surface, allowing us to use the metallocene as magnetic probes and even to obtain images with a magnetic contrast using the nickelocene
Verlhac, Benjamin. "Atomic-scale spin-sensing with a single molecule at the apex of a scanning tunneling microscope." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE007/document.
Full textThe study presented in this manuscript is part of the field of surface magnetism, which has undergone major developments in recent years thanks to the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). It aims to show that a single molecule, nickelocene [Ni(C5H5)2], can be attached to the tip of a STM to produce a magnetic probe-tip, which, in the context of magnetic imaging, has undeniable advantages compared to conventional tips. Unlike other molecular systems studied with STM, we show that the magnetic properties of nickelocene in the gas phase are preserved in the presence of a metal, even when the molecule is attached to the tip of a STM. We present three remarkable results with this molecular probe-tip: 1) We show that we can control the spin of nickelocene, activating at will a Kondo effect; 2) We monitor the spin states of nickelocene by producing electrically-driven excitations, which we can easily identify through the molecular conductance. These states are sensitive to the magnetic environment surrounding nickelocene; 3) We use these states to probe surface magnetism. We show that by magnetically coupling the molecular probe tip with single atoms, either isolated or in a ferromagnetic surface, we can measure their spin polarization, as well as the nickelocene-atom exchange coupling. By monitoring this coupling it is possible to obtain a magnetic contrast in the STM images with atomic-scale resolution
Sotty, Christophe. "Study of the nuclear structure far from stability : Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich Rb isotopes around N=60; Production of nuclear spin polarized beams using the Tilted Foils technique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923003.
Full textBaboux, Florent. "Effets spin-orbite géants sur les modes collectifs de spin de puits quantiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01020564.
Full textBabaky, Omar. "Contribution à l'analyse des spectres de Te2 et Na2 et étude de l'interaction spin-orbite entre les état 3πu et A1Σ+u de Na2 par spectrométrie de Fourier de la fluorescence induite par laser." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19033.
Full textChoi, Taeyoung. "STM studies of charge transfer and transport through metal-molecule complexes on ultrathin insulating films." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1299525515.
Full textGosso, Jean-Pierre. "Spectroscopie Raman des excitations magnétiques dans les fluorures antiferromagnétiques cobalteux purs ou desordonnés par substitution." Paris 13, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA132007.
Full textBettencourt, Maria Joaquina de. "Bandes rotationnelles dans les noyaux impairs ²³³U et ²³⁵U." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112160.
Full textThe nuclear structure of the well deformed uranium nuclei of mass 233 and 235 has been studied experimentally up to high-spin states and compared with rotor-plus-quasiparticle-model predictions where the individual wave-functions are obtained through a HF + BCS calculation using a Skyrme III nucleon-nucleon interaction. The heavy-ion coulomb excitation experiments and the radioactive decay study of ²³³Pa have allowed to characterize eleven bands in ²³³U, four of which are newly evidenced, and also eleven bands, of which one new, in ²³⁵U. In this last case, the ground-state band was developed up to spin 47/2, and the other bands were extended up to spins between 19/2 and 25/2. The main interband connexions have been determined showing evidence for most of the Coriolis mixings and for vibrational modes. The behaviour of the rotational bands (band-head energy and moment of inertia) have been compared to the one of rotational bands of near-lying odd isotopes and isotones. A very good agreement shows up between theoretical and experimental values, more precisely as concerning the band-head energies, the ground-state magnetic and electric multipole moments, the transition probabilities and the behaviour of the rotational band moments of inertia as function of the spin. These facts show the reliability of the individual wavefunctions used
Masiteng, Paulus Lukisi. "Gamma spectroscopy and lifetime measurements in the doubly-odd 194tl nucleus, revealing possible chiral symmetry breaking." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3991.
Full textIn the first experiment high spin states in 194Tl, excited through the 181Ta (18O, 5n) heavyion fusion evaporation reaction were studied using the AFRODITE array at iThemba LABS. The γ-γ coincidences, RAD ratios and linear polarization measurements were carried out and the previously known level scheme of 194Tl was significantly extended. A total of five rotational bands four of which are new were observed. A pair of rotational bands associated with the πh9/2 ⊗ νi−1 13/2 configuration at lower spins and with the πh9/2 ⊗ νi−3 13/2 configuration at higher spins was found and interpreted as the first possible chiral bands followed above the band crossing. The two 4-quasiparticle bands show exceptionally close near-degeneracy in the excitation energies. Furthermore close similarity is also found in their alignments and B(M1)/B(E2) reduced transition probability ratios. In the second experiment lifetimes in 194Tl were measured using the DSAM technique with the excited states in this nucleus populated through the 181Ta (18O, 5n) reaction. A total of 25 lifetimes and 30 reduced transition probabilities of magnetic dipole B(M1) and electric quadrupole B(E2) have been evaluated. Furthermore B(M1) and B(E2) reduced transition probabilities in Bands 1 and 4, which have been regarded as chiral candidates, were found to be close to each other and reveals strong splitting along spin values. This further supports the proposed chiral nature of these two bands.
Gaw, Stephen Michael. "Cooperative spin excitations in quantum materials studied by neutron spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c20676e1-b927-4ee5-a3fe-97f0f80cb141.
Full textOliveira, Jose Roberto Brandao de. "Estudo de bandas rotacionais nos núcleos ímpar-ímpar 132,134La." Universidade de São Paulo, 1989. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-09122013-142416/.
Full textThe odd-odd nuclei 132,134La were studied by means of in-beam -ray spectroscopy techniques, using (HI, xn) reactions with 10,11B (40-48 MeV), 14N (55 MeV) beams on 128,128Te and 122 Sn targets. A band, probably based on the h11/2 and h11/2 configuration, was observed in each La isotope showing moderate signature splitting. Another band was observed in 132La with essentially no signature splitting. The results are compared with the triaxial Cranking Shell Model predictions. The relation between triaxiality and signature splitting in the A ~ 130 transitional mass region is discussed.
Chelda, Samir. "Simulation du parcours des électrons élastiques dans les matériaux et structures. Application à la spectroscopie du pic élastique multi-modes MM-EPES." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00629659.
Full textKřižáková, Viola. "Excitace a šíření spinových vln v magnonických krystalech připravených přímým zápisem fokusovaným iontovým svazkem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-382268.
Full textHabot, Simon. "Time-symmetric shaped pulses for spin-1 excitation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0002/MQ38436.pdf.
Full textFeiler, Laura [Verfasser]. "Nonlinear spin-wave excitation detected by the inverse spin-Hall effect / Laura Feiler." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1126296376/34.
Full textSpicer, Timothy Michael. "Excitation of picosecond magnetisation dynamics by spin transfer torque." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34684.
Full textLenain, Bruno. "Microspectrofluorimétrie à excitation laser et détection multicanale : instrumentation - possibilités - applications." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10047.
Full textRizzutto, Marcia de Almeida. "Núcleos transicionais na região de A=130." Universidade de São Paulo, 1994. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-25102012-152459/.
Full textWith the view of extending the systematics of the odd-odd, A = 130 - 140 mass region nuclei towards the N =82 closed shell, high spin states in 138Pr nucleus have been investigated with the 128 Te(l4N,4n7) reaction, using on-line 7-ray spectroscopy techniques. For the first time three rotational bands were observed in this nucleus. A theoretical analysis of the mass region A = 130 - 140 was carried out with the Cranking Shell Model and the Projected Shell Model. Generally speaking, a good agreement was obtained between the experimental and the theoretical results. The first model indicates a shape coexistence in the 138 Pr (N =79) nucleus, while the second one shows an oblate shape. On the other hand, both models suggest a shape transition from prolate (N=73) to oblate (N=79) passing through a triaxial region around N=77.
Cogné-Laage, Emmanuelle. "Contributions de chimiste à l'imagerie microscopique par excitation biphotonique." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066520.
Full textLehec, Henri. "Spectroscopie Rydberg et excitation du coeur isolé d'atomes d'ytterbium ultra-froids." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS566/document.
Full textRydberg atoms offer an ideal platform for the study of long-range interacting systems.However, usual techniques for imaging and trapping are unavailable in alkali Rydberg atoms. Our approach rely on the use of a two-optically-active-valence-electrons atom such as ytterbium. Ionic core transitions of this atom offer new perspecives for optical manipulation in the Rydberg state. However,questions remain open, especially on the possibilities of avoiding the autoionization, process which occurs when the atom is doubly excited.In this thesis, we report on the construction of the experiment, from the cooling and trapping of theatoms to the excitation in Rydberg states. Because of the interactions between valence electrons, the spectroscopy of these highly excited states is relatively complicated. An experimental study, coupled to a multi-channel quantum defect analysis (MQDT) has been done on the s,p,d and f Rydberg series. This study produced an improvement on the precision of the spectroscopy of this series by more than two orders of magnitude. We then studied the isolated core excitationon the 6s1/2 -> 6p1/2 transition for Rydberg states of large orbital quantum numbers (l=5-9). This study showed that auto-ionisation is mostly due to the coupling to the continuum of the 5d3/2 core state. In opposition to the barium atom, where auto-ionisation drops rapidly with the orbital quantum number, we have shown that ytterbium is less favourable to that extent. Thanks to this study we will be able to determine which states are good candidates for the optical manipulation
Brahim, Houari. "Spectroscopie électronique et couplage spin-orbite de composés organométalliques." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01070647.
Full textRIGAL, LAURENT. "Effet hall quantique : excitation de texture de spin et diagramme de phase." Toulouse, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAT0030.
Full textAllivy, Kelly Olivier d'. "Détection et excitation d’ondes de spin dans des microstructures de couches ultraminces Y₃Fe₅O₁₂/métal à fort couplage spin orbite." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS263/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the excitation, the propagation and the detection of spin waves into ultrathin Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ (YIG) films. Our approach consists in interacting with the YIG magnetization dynamics thanks to spin polarized electronic transport phenomena related to spin Hall effect (SHE) that occurs within normal metals (NM) which have a large spin orbit coupling.To do so, we first grew epitaxially, by pulsed laser deposition, nanometer thick YIG films. Having ultrathin magnetic films is indeed necessary to be able to use lithography and microfabrication technics in order to develop magnonic devices.Studying these films by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) allowed us to quantify the Gilbert magnetic damping constant, which is down to 2∙〖10〗^(-4) for the best 20 nm thick films. This value is comparable to which is reported for micrometer thick YIG films grown by liquid phase epitaxy and is only one order of magnitude higher than the bulk YIG damping (α = 3∙〖10〗^(-5)). Inductive measurements performed with a vectorial network analyzer show that spin waves can propagate over hundreds microns through such thin films. The suitability of 20 nm thick YIG films for magnonic applications is therefore confirmed by this result.In order to detect/excite spinwave by exploiting SHE, we have deposited different metals (Pt, Pd, CuBi) on our YIG films, thus obtaining YIG|NM bilayers. We have performed a nonlocal detection of spin waves based on inverse SHE and spin pumping phenomena. From the FMR analysis, we also measured the spin mixing conductance g_(↑↓) that quantify the efficiency of spin pumping.To answer the question of the origin of magnetoresistance observed into YIG|NM bilayers, intrinsic or extrinsic origin (ie. induced by the magnetic polarization of the NM), we have measured the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism of YIG|Pd bilayers at the K-edge of Pd. These measurements do not show any induced magnetic moment for YIG to Pt for a resolution of 〖10〗^(-5) μ_B/atom. Combining this result with magnetotransport measurements performed on the same samples, allowed us to show that the spin pumping between a ferromagnetic insulator and a nonmagnetic metal could explain (without any magnetic proximity effects) spin Hall magnetoresistance effects observed into these bilayers.We studied the magnetization dynamics of YIG and YIG|NM nanodisks by magnetic resonance force microscopy. This study has shown that the nanostructuration performed on these films doesn’t affect such parameters as α and g_(↑↓), the geometrical confinement even leads to suppress the linewidth inhomogeneous broadening (ΔH_0).Then, we injected a continuous electrical current through the NM. Using the spin transfer torque of the spin current thus created into the NM by direct spin Hall effect, it allowed us to modified (increased/decreased) the FMR mode’s linewidth of a YIG|NM microdisk. After reaching a critical current, we managed to enable (without any RF excitation) a regime of magnetization auto-oscillations into the YIG. This last result, which confirms the ability of exciting the YIG magnetization dynamics by spin transfer torque, is very promising for the integration of magnonic devices into electronic circuits
Carette, Pierre. "Spectroscopie des monoxydes de lanthanides." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37603617g.
Full textGorobets, Yu I., and V. V. Kulish. "Spin excitations in a Ferromagnetic Nanorice-type Cluster." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/42784.
Full textLebrun, Romain. "Coupled vortex dynamics in spin-torque oscillators : from resonant excitation to mutual synchronization." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS233/document.
Full textThe discovery of the giant magnetoresistance in 1988 is considered as the birth date of a new and dynamic research field called spintronics. The rich physics associated with spin transport has created a breakthrough for the future of nano-electronics. In the magnetism roadmap, spin-torque oscillators (STOs) are candidates for future generation of spintronic based rf-devices.At the beginning of this thesis, one major issue of spin-torque oscillators remained their poor spectral coherence. To overcome this issue, we have investigated different approaches: (i) the development of magnetic materials with a low damping and large spin-polarization, (ii) the study of collective mode dynamics in hybridized magnetic systems (iii) the stabilization of the STO dynamics with a reference external signal (iv) the synchronization of multiple STOs to enhance both their power and spectral coherence. We focus our work on vortex based STOs which present higher spectral coherences than other kinds of STOs.In a first part, we study the different mechanisms that can drive and stabilize the dynamics of a vortex based STO in the autonomous and non-autonomous regimes. We first highlight that the excitation of collective modes allows the harnessing the rf-properties of a single and isolated in a double vortex based STO. Then we report the ``perfect'' phase-locking of a STO with an external rf-current. To go beyond this analysis, we notice that a 1 Hz minimum linewidth and a flat phase noise level of -90 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz from the offset frequency in the locked state could be associated with the absence of phase slips, i.e desynchronization events. We demonstrate that the locking process is driven by a Field-like in-plane torque which gives the possibility to control with precision the STO locking process. In our double vortex based STO, we can even observe exotic behaviors such as multi-mode synchronization, self-resonance and eventually incoherent motion. Such a degree of control, unexpected for a nano-scale oscillator, is particularly promising for the development of STO based nanodevices.In a second part, we propose different concepts of spintronic rf-devices based on vortex STOs. We describe the basis of an on-chip STO based phase locked loop. By taking advantage of the large Field-like torque in our STOs, we develop a new radio-frequency detection scheme, more efficient than the state of the art Schottky diode, based on magnetization switching through the resonant and reversible expulsion of the vortex core. Finally, we show the first experimental observation of the electrical synchronization of two STOs connected directly in parallel or in series, or with an electrical delay line. In the synchronized state, we show a strong improvement of both the spectral coherence (by a factor 2) and the output power (by a factor 4, up to 1.6 μW). We also demonstrate, with an electrical delay line, the strong impact of the phase shift between the two STOs on the synchronized regime. These promising results open the way for the synchronization of STO arrays at zero field and without electrical delays.Ten years after their discovery, spin-torque oscillators have thus not yet revealed all their potential and promising applications could be soon targeted, in order to realize a spin logic circuit, bio-inspired spintronic devices and more classical rf-applications
Bouchez, Emmanuelle. "Coexistence de forme dans les noyaux de krypton légers : Spectroscopie isométrique des noyaux de 72,74Kr et excitation coulombienne du faisceau radioactif de 76Kr." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13194.
Full textNapier, Stuart A. "Electron correlation and spin-dependent effects in the electron impact excitation of zinc atoms." University of Western Australia. School of Physics, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0098.
Full textTomi-Tricot, Raphaël. "Clinical applications of the kT-points method to homogenise spin excitation in 3T MRI." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS260/document.
Full textHigh field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used in clinical practice, for the high signal-to-noise ratio it offers.However, at high field, the radiofrequency (RF) wavelength used for imaging is shorter, which can induce loss of signal and contrast when it is close to or shorter than the dimensions of the irradiated objects. At 3T, RF wavelength is about 30 cm in human tissues,and such artefacts are frequently observed in the abdomen, as well as in the thighs or in the breasts. This is certainly one of the main reasons why high field MRI has failed to establish itself as the gold standard in hospital, where 1.5T scanners are more frequent.Recent 3T scanners usually come with a two-RF-channel parallel transmission setup: in principle, each channel can transmit completely independent waveforms. However, this technology is not exploited fully in practice, as only the static RF shimming is implemented: a single waveform is used, with adjusted amplitude and phase on each channel. This allows to create interference patterns, calculated to counteract transmission inhomogeneities measured beforehand in the patient (RF and possibly static field).This method works best when many channels are available, but shows its limits when good homogeneity is expected over a large field of view. The kT-points method, developed at CEA-NeuroSpin for brain imaging at ultra-high field (7T) relies on a succession of short rectangular RF pulses interleaved with static gradient “blips” to modulate magnetisation at will, thus producing homogeneous excitation in spite of an imperfect RF field. Those composite pulses are even more effective as they can take advantage of parallel transmission (eight channels at 7T). In this thesis, the kT-points technique is applied at 3T. The objective is to demonstrate its usefulness and its compatibility with a clinical routine workflow. First, several changes made to the kT-points pulse design algorithm and to static field mapping in order to adapt them to body imaging (liver, breasts) are described. Indeed, the presence of lungs and fat add further constraints compared to the brain. Then, several clinical studies are detailed. The first one regards T₂-weighted breast MRI on a single-channel scanner. It shows that in that case the default transmit mode is satisfactory,and only slightly improved by kT-points. A second study focuses on T₁-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging of the liver,with two transmit channels. Static RF shimming and kT-points were compared on a large cohort. For some “difficult” patients,acquisitions were quantitatively and qualitatively better with kTpoints,which therefore offer a more uniform diagnostic quality among the population. Finally, a novel method is proposed:SmartPulse. It is based on the universal pulse concept, developed in NeuroSpin for brain imaging, whose principle is to design pulses (e.g. kT-points) for a given application, that homogenise excitation in the whole population, and not only for one subject.Thus, there is no more need for cumbersome mapping and inline pulse design. SmartPulse extends the range of universal pulses to body imaging, by adequately clustering the population, designing different pulses for each cluster, and applying a machine learning classifier to assign the most appropriate pulse to any new subject.Proof of concept was undertaken in abdominal imaging, whereinter-subject variability is considerable. We hope this thesis will give a new outlook on RF inhomogeneity handling in routine 3T MRI, and in the long run will help making body imaging moreaccessible at high and ultra-high field
Jamorski, Christine. "Etude théorique de la spectroscopie d'espèces radicalaires : Calcul du couplage spin-orbite dans les spectres électroniques." Pau, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PAUU3035.
Full textAbbas, Chahine. "Optical spectroscopy of indirect excitons and electron spins in semiconductor nanostructures." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS049.
Full textThis work provides an optical study of spin dynamics in two different systems: electrons gas in n-doped CdTe thin layers, and indirect excitons in asymmetric GaAs coupled quantum wells. Time and polar resolved photoluminescence and pump-probe spectroscopy allowed the determination of both the lifetime and the relaxation time of indirect excitons.The global behaviour of the dedicated biased sample has been described, major technical constraints have been pointed out and optimal working conditions have been identified. In photoluminescence, we obtained a lifetime of 15 ns and a spin relaxation time of 5 ns. Pump-probe spectroscopy with an exceptional delay range shown that longer characteristic times could be obtained increasing the delay between two laser pulses.An other optical method has been used to study electrons in CdTe thin layers. Spin noise spectroscopy has recently emerged as an ideal tool to study dynamics of spin systems through their spontaneous fluctuations which are encoded in the polarisation state of a laser beam by means of Faraday rotation. Common spin noise setups provide only temporal fluctuations, spatial information being lost averaging the signal on the laser spot. Here, we demonstrate the first implementation of a spin noise setup providing both spatial and temporal spin correlations thanks to a wave vector selectivity of the scattered light. This gave us the opportunity to measure both the spin relaxation time and the spin diffusion coefficient. This complete vision of the spin dynamics in CdTe has been compared to our understanding of spin physics in GaAs. Against all odds, this knowledge seems not to be directly transposable from GaAs to CdTe
Martin, Jean-Louis. "Excitations de basse énergie et interaction d'échange dans des semi-conducteurs semi-magnétiques. Etude par magnéto-spectroscopie dans l'infrarouge lointain." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30158.
Full textCabrol, Olivier. "Spectroscopie et dynamique de molécules diatomiques : étude théorique des états excités du fluorure d'iode. Contribution expérimentale à la spectroscopie femtoseconde du dimère de césium." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30269.
Full textLoubens, Grégoire de. "Spectroscopie micro-onde d'une nanostructure métallique magnétique hybride." Paris 11, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00118828.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to understand the influence of a DC current flowing through a spin-valve device on its magnetization dynamics. An original spectrometer has been developed in order to measure the FMR signal of an individual nanostructure. Inspired by near field techniques, it is using a mechanical detection. The excitation spectrum of an individual Permalloy nano-disk has first been measured. This study has allowed us to quantitavely understand spectral modifications induced by finite-size effects. Then, hybrid systems made of metallic magnetic multilayers have been studied. In the measured samples, spin transfer effects have been observed though Oersted field effects are dominating. The experimental setup allowed us as well to study the relaxation term of a ferromagnetic spins system in the high power regime. Our results show that the damping decreases as linear effects appear
Russell, Scott A. "Strain gauge measurements of blade resonance using eddy current excitation in a vacuum spin pit." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FRussell.pdf.
Full textThesis advisor(s): Raymond P. Shreeve, Garth V. Hobson. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93). Also available online.
Bouchama, Mohamed-Touffik. "Etude par spectroscopie UV de la capture électronique par des ions de charge 7 et 8 dans des cibles neutres." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10106.
Full textShihab, Sylvain. "Excitation et détection optiques de la dynamique de l’aimantation dans le semi-conducteur ferromagnétique (Ga,Mn)(As,P)." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066548/document.
Full textDevelopment of impulsional laser enhanced the study of the magnetization dynamic in the temporal domain (fs-ns) with optical techniques. In thin ferromagnetic films with a weak optical absorption, excitation and optical mechanisms are not yet fully understood. To increase our understanding, variations of magnetic parameters are required. To that end, the magnetic semiconductor like (Ga,Mn)(As,P) are a good choice due to their magnetic properties easily adjustable thanks to the coupling between magnetic and semiconductor properties. In this thesis, conditions for optimal excitations were established. Supposing a thermal excitation origin, we assessed the transient change of temperature and anisotropy constant. I also established the role of the optical absorption and dephasing due to the finite magnetic layer thickness in the spin-waves detection process. The observation of several spin-waves gave me the opportunity to assess the spin-stiffness constant as a function of phosphorus. On the contrary of theoretical prediction, I showed that the spin-stiffness hardly vary with the phosphorus concentration
Luo, Wenchen. "Excitations avec texture de spin et de pseudospin dans le graphène." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5442.
Full textLoo, Vivien. "Excitation résonante et non-linéarité à faible nombre de photons d'une boîte quantique en microcavité." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077166.
Full textResults of resonant spectroscopy of a quantum dot strongly coupled to a microcavity are exposed. Rising the power makes the devices reflectivity to drop. This phenomenon has a threshold of 8 photons per pulse ? Which is a record. It is possible to observe fluctuations of the quantum dot emission energy at the scale of the microsecond
Niesert, Manfred [Verfasser]. "Ab initio calculations of spin-wave excitation spectra from time-dependent density-functional theory / Manfred Niesert." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/102156754X/34.
Full textCornard, Jean-Paul. "Conception et réalisation d'un prototype de microspectrofluorimètre multicanal à excitation laser dans le domaine de l'ultra-violet." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10226.
Full textJoly, Loïc. "Etude du mouvement du spin d'électrons dans des systèmes ferromagnétiques mesuré en géométrie de réflexion par spectroscopie électronique résolue en spin." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/JOLY_Loic_2006.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis we investigated the spin motion of electrons in ferromagnetic systems by spin-polarized electron scattering spectroscopy in reflection geometry. In the first part, we studied the spin motion in thin polycrystalline layers of Fe, Co, and Ni. The experiments showed that the electron-spin motion is strongly correlated to the electronic band structure of the ferromagnet. A modelization of the ferromagnetic layer by a spin-dependent potential step model can explain the behaviour at high electron energies. However, the strong variation of the spin motion at low energies is explained by the presence of a spin-dependent band gap in the electronic band structure of the ferromagnet. Ab-initio calculations corroborate this interpretation. In the second part of the thesis, we studied the electron-spin motion in quantum wells formed by a ferromagnetic film of Co(001) that is covered by a non-magnetic film of Cu. The appearance of quantum well states is at the origin of a lot of oscillatory phenomena in thin film systems. Moreover, the presence of a magnetic interface adds a spin dependence to the quantum confinement. However, no study has been done on the spin motion in these type of systems. In a first step, measurements as a function of the electron energy revealed an oscillatory behaviour of the spin motion. We have shown that a clear relation exists between the oscillation of the spin motion and the presence of quantum well states. In a second experiment, we observed oscillations both of the reflected intensity and of the spin motion as a function of the Cu thickness. It is shown that a Fabry-Pérot interferometer model can very well describe these oscillations
Joly, Loïc Weber Wolfgang. "Etude du mouvement du spin d'électrons dans des systèmes ferromagnétiques mesuré en géométrie de réflexion par spectroscopie électronique résolue en spin." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2006. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/567/01/JOLY2006.pdf.
Full textDanilo, Cécile. "Modélisation théorique de la spectroscopie d'actinides solvatés." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10036/document.
Full textThe framework of this PhD is the interpretation of Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Dispersion experiments performed on solvated U4+, NpO2+ and PuO²2+, which aIl have a f² configuration. Unexpectedly the two actinyl ions have a much higher relaxivity than U4+,. One possible explanation is that the electronic relaxation rate is faster for Uranium(IV) than for the actinyl ions. We address this problem by exploring the electronic spectrum of the three compounds in gas phase and in solution with a two-step SOCI (Spin~Orbit Configuration~Interaction) method. The influence of electron correlation (treated in the first step) and spin~orbit relaxation effects (considered in the second step) has been discussed thoroughly. Solvent effects have been investigated as well. Another issue that has been questioned is the accuracy of Density Functional Theory for the study of actinide species. This matter has been discussed by comparing its performance to wave-function based correlated methods. The chemical problem chosen was the water exchange in [UO²+2 (H2O)5]. We looked at the associative and at the dissociative mechanisms using a model with one additional water in the second hydration sphere. The last part of the thesis dealt with the spectroscopy of coordinated Uranyl(V). Absorption spectrum of Uranyl(V) with various ligands has been recorded. The first sharp absorption bands in the Near-Infrared region were assigned to the Uranium centered 5f-5f transitions, but uncertainties remained for the assignment of transitions observed in the Visible region. We computed the spectra of naked U02+ and [UO2(CO3)3]5- to elucidate the spectral changes induced by the carbonate ligands
Sénès, Mathieu. "Dynamique de spin des excitons neutres ou chargés dans les boîtes quantiques InAs/GaAs." Toulouse, INSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ISAT0014.
Full textWe have investigated the carriers spin dynamics in neutral, N-doped and P-doped self-organized InAs/GaAs quantum dots. In time resolved photoluminescence experiments, we have observed quantum beats of the neutral exciton spin, allowing us to mesure the energy splitting between exciton eigenstates. In a longitudinal magnetic field, we have determined the Lande g factor of the quatum dots excitons. We have also studied spin dynamics in negatively doped quantum dots. Independent of the number of doping electrons in the dot, we observe a luminescence with a circular polarisation opposite to the excitating laser. We propose a model based on the anisotropic exchange interaction between electrons and holes to explain this result. We also demonstrate that it is possible to manipulate the doping electron spin with non resonant optical excitations. We have performed polarisation resolved experiments on positively charged quantum dot samples, and we have confirmed the electron spin relaxation quenching under strictly resonant excitation. Under non resonant excitation, the observed spin dynamics in P-doped quantum dots can be explained with the flip-flop mechanism, dominant in N-doped quantum dots
Pardanaud, Cédric. "Etude de la conversion de spin nucléaire de l'eau en matrices de gaz rares : mesures, modélisation de l'influence des interactions spin-spin intermoléculaires et contexte astrophysique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00259961.
Full textDans les atmosphères cométaires, la mesure du rapport d'abondance de ces isomères pour les molécules de H2O, NH3, CH4, et plus récemment de CH3OH, montre un écart à l'équilibre thermodynamique. Sa signification physique est à ce jour au cœur d'un débat : est- ce un indicateur de la température qui régnait dans l'environnement primordial au sein duquel se sont formées ces molécules ?
Ce travail expérimental alliant techniques de vide et de cryogénie, vise à identifier, en amont d'une étude dans les glaces cométaires, certains paramètres impliqués dans la conversion de spin nucléaire de H2O isolée dans des environnements plus simples : les matrices de gaz rare. Dans un tel environnement, un enrichissement en isomère de spin ortho ou para est produit par un changement brutal de température (entre 4,2 et 30 K). La détermination du temps de retour à l'équilibre thermodynamique se fait à partir de l'enregistrement dans le temps des spectres infrarouges ro-vibrationnels des modes Ν2 (déformation angulaire) et Ν3 (élongation antisymétrique), au moyen d'un spectromètre commercial IR par transformée de Fourier.
L'étude systématique en fonction de la concentration que nous avons réalisée à 4,2 K en matrice d'argon, montre qu'il existe deux régimes de conversion qui sont en compétition. Pour des dilutions [Ar/H2O] supérieures à 1000, les temps de conversion (~670 minutes) sont indépendants de la concentration et atteignent un plateau. Cette conversion qui n'est pas imputable à des effets parasites (impuretés moléculaires, exposition au rayonnement IR du spectromètre, influence du support, ...) est sans doute due à un processus d'origine intramoléculaire, accéléré par la matrice. Par contre, en dessous du 1000ème, une accélération très nette de la conversion avec l'augmentation de la concentration est observée (~180 minutes au 50ème), indiquant clairement une origine intermoléculaire. Nous avons, dans ce cadre, développé un modèle faisant intervenir des interactions magnétiques entre les spins nucléaires des protons appartenant à des molécules d'eau différentes, et des échanges d'énergie avec les phonons de la matrice. Ce modèle, qui ne dépend que de l'écart en énergie entre les niveaux de rotation et du taux de relaxation collisionnelle de la molécule isolée en matrice, autorise la conversion d'origine intermoléculaire à 4,2 K en ouvrant un canal de conversion couplant le premier niveau de rotation de chacun des isomères de spin. L'existence d'un deuxième canal, plus efficace d'un ordre de grandeur à 25 K, dû à un effet de population, explique l'accélération observée à température croissante.
La substitution de l'argon par du néon, du krypton ou du xénon, a permis de montrer, en accord complet avec le modèle, que le mécanisme d'origine intermoléculaire est plus efficace dans la matrice qui a le paramètre de maille le plus faible.
Dong, Xu. "Ultrafast infrared spectroscopy applied to spin crossover materials." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S111/document.
Full textThe past few decades have seen great advancements in technology that allow us to capture the picture of a physical process, as the adage “seeing is believing” implies how people understand the world. The increasing temporal resolution of lasers played an important role in the study of materials, among which materials exhibiting photo-induced phase transition are of great importance thanks to their potential for future applications. However, as we proceed further and further in the investigation of the mechanism of phase transition, we found ourselves confronted with the very complex nature of phase transition dynamics. It is intrinsically multi-scale in time and space, from femtosecond to days and from atomic dimensions to macroscopic distances. Time resolved experiments disentangle different degrees of freedom and different phenomena in a step-like manner, rather than providing a statistical average. The first step is photo induced due to absorption of photons, the second step (elastic step) is pressure induced due to volume dilation, and the third step is temperature induced due to dissipation of heat. This step-like approach offers an opportunity to understand the mechanism, so that we could effectively impact the materials and possibly control phase transition. Mid IR lasers have a unique advantage of monitoring phase transition through vibrational modes on specific molecular sites. Implementing ultrafast mid IR spectroscopy in phase transition materials should be therefore very insightful in discovering new phenomena and revealing hidden mechanism. This PhD project, focusing on mid IR technique, started exactly in this context. The main effort is dedicated to the application of ultrafast mid IR spectroscopy to the spin crossover solids, [Fe(3-MeO-SalEen)]2PF6. The major challenge in this work was to comprehend the shape of transient mid IR spectra. We found out that this is conceptually different from the experiences accumulated in UV/VIS spectroscopy. A suitable model had to be developed, separating the transient IR spectra into two contributions: spectral weight transfer and spectral shift. I demonstrated that these two components are sensitive to the spin change and pressure effect (volume dilation), respectively. Data analysis based on the new model shows consistency with previously published results. On the ultrafast timescale, more difficult to fit our model to, vibrational cooling (VC) of electronically hot HS state has been very well resolved. To the best of my knowledge, direct observation of VC in solid state SCO compound by IR spectroscopy has not been reported earlier