Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spectroscopie de corrélation par fluorescence'
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Cogné-Laage, Emmanuelle. "Contributions de chimiste à l'imagerie microscopique par excitation biphotonique." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066520.
Full textDelahaye, Julie. "Plasmonique appliquée à la modulation optique et à la détection de molécules uniques par spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077173.
Full textPreliminary studies were carried on a plasmonic modulator for telecomunication applications and on a gold nanotips array for biomedical applications
Wawrezinieck, Laure. "Confinement moléculaire et organisation de la membrane des cellules vivantes : analyse de la diffusion par spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00097010.
Full textLa spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence (FCS) est une technique puissante permettant de mesurer des coefficients de diffusion. L'étude devient cependant malaisée lorsque la diffusion n'est pas libre, comme c'est le cas des composantes de la membrane cellulaire.
Nous avons montré que la réalisation de mesures FCS à différentes tailles de volumes d'observation permet de tracer les lois de diffusion des molécules dans les membranes des cellules vivantes. Notre méthode permet ainsi de distinguer entre différentes structures de confinement des particules de la membrane plasmique et de mesurer certaines de leurs caractéristiques, comme leur taille ou le temps de confinement moyen. Il a également été possible d'étudier la réorganisation de la membrane cellulaire au cours d'un événement de signalisation.
Alcor, Damien. "Ingénierie des systèmes dynamiques en chimie : extraction de molécules sous contrôle cinétique et mesure de constantes cinétiques par spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066349.
Full textAit, Lyazidi Saâdia. "Rôle de l'eau et de la liaison hydrogène dans la structure et spectroscopie des molécules TICT : Corrélation d'une étude conformationnelle avec l'absorption et la fluorescence double d'anilines para-substituées en solutions et en matrices polymériques." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10583.
Full textBusson, Mickaël. "Nano-Antennes Assemblées sur ADN et Alimentées par un Émetteur Quantique Unique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00815549.
Full textCao, Anne-Marinette Hanh. "Etudes de la dynamique structurale des récepteurs métabotropiques du glutamate par fluorescence en molécule unique." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT050.
Full textMetabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR), which belong to class C of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), are well-known for their important roles in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Understanding of receptor activation is essential to decipher the receptor functioning, and thus orientate drugs design for targeted therapeutics. Recently, the number of GPCR crystal structures has increased exponentially thanks to the application of protein stabilization methods. However, these crystallography studies have revealed certain ambiguities and discrepancies, and these approaches do not take into account the dynamic nature of GPCR activation. Indeed, single-molecule studies, including single-molecule FRET (smFRET), have revealed the highly dynamic nature of GPCR in general, and fast conformational changes of mGluR domains in particular. Here, we study the activation mechanism of the full-length mGluR by FRET techniques at ensemble and single-molecule level. Homogenous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) was applied for optimizing the sample preparation. An appropriate protocol was established, allowing to extract mGlu2 full-length in detergent from the HEK293T cells without significantly affecting its pharmacology and stability. smFRET experiments were performed using the combination of multiparameter fluorescence detection (MFD) with pulsed interleaved excitation (PIE). Advanced data analysis such as ratiometric FRET efficiency, lifetime-based FRET measurement, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) revealed that the fast dynamic oscillation in sub-millisecond timescale of the full-length mGlu2, and prove the stabilization role of the transmembrane domain of the full-length receptor in favor of the active state
Blancquaert, Yoann. "Nouvelles géométries optiques pour la Spectroscopie à Corrélation de Fluorescence." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148993.
Full textEl, Farsy Abderzak. "Détermination des fonctions de distribution des flux des espèces neutres et ionisées en procédé HiPIMS et corrélations avec les couches minces de type TiN déposées." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0085.
Full textThe growth of thin layers in reactive-direct current magnetron sputtering (R-DC) and reactive-high power impulse magnetron sputtering (R-HiPIMS) processes is the general framework of this PhD. Reactive processes consist in the addition, in argon gas, of a reactive gas such as oxygen or nitrogen, and allow the deposition of oxides and nitrides which have many industrial applications. Nevertheless, the high level of expectations regarding new applications requires a better understanding, controlling, mastering of basic processes governing atoms transport in the view of process optimization. The main goal of this PhD is to study the transport of sputtered titanium atoms (Ti) in Ar/N2 gas mixture and to establish correlations with TiN film properties. Tunable diode laser induced fluorescence technique (time resolved in the case of HiPIMS process) has been developed in order to measure velocity distribution functions of neutral Ti atoms at the ground state, function of the pressure, the distance from the target and the gas mixture. In HiPIMS, the additional degree of freedom, given by time dimension, allowed to characterize their kinetic of transport while at the same time providing the possibility to separate characteristic time scales of different processes. Three atoms populations have been highlighted (energetic, quasi-thermalized and thermalized ones). Energy distribution functions of Ti+ ions have been measured using mass spectrometry and four populations have been observed and explained. Finally, deposited thin films have been analyzed by means of SEM, XRD and electron microprobe methods
Boutin, Céline. "Spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence pour l'étude de la diffusion membranaire dans les cellules vivantes." Troyes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TROY0019.
Full textFluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is used to probe the dynamic of molecular dyes. In particular, FCS is well adapted to investigate diffusion processes. Thus, such spectroscopic approach was suitable to study the diffusion of rhodamine-6G near a controlled interface in term of hydrophobicity degree. Finally, we have shown that rhodamin-6G is strongly attracted by hydrophobic surfaces. A study of membrane fluidity in living cells has also been conducted. It related to the multidrugs resistance (MDR) phenomena in cancer research. So, we clearly reveal the higher heterogeneity of plasma membrane in MDR cells in comparison with the sensitive ones. The effect of specific and non specific membrane agents allowed us to display the presence of distinct membrane “domain” linked to the resistance. Finally, an instrumental development based on FRET was proposed in order to strongly reduce the axial elongation of the confocal volume. Through a surface functionalization and an appropiate plasma membrane labelling, we have highlighted cell adhesion on surfaces, which enabled us to perform first local FCS measurements on cells
Mohammadi, Shahla. "Etude par spectroscopie optique (FTIR, UV, Fluorescence) d'ADN." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA132013.
Full textWinckler, Pascale. "Spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence : fluidité membranaire et détection de molécule unique en solution concentrée." Troyes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TROY0009.
Full textFluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a single molecule technique very well suited for in vivo studies. We have used FCS to explore plasma membrane microfluidity of living cells. Measurements were conducted at the single cell level, which enabled us to get a detailed over-view of the typical plasma membrane microviscosity distribution of each cell line studied (LR73, MCF7, KB3. 1, MESSA and MDCKII). A Monte Carlo simulation based on a 2D diffusion model enables us to link the asymetric fluidity distribution profile with the plasma membrane micro-organization. This result was used to determine the membrane organisation related to the surexpression of the P-glycoprotein (Pgp), a protein implicated in multidrug resistance. We also compare the membrane structuration of various cancer cell lines, each comes in two versions, a sensitive one and a resistant one to a chemotherapeutic drug: the Doxorubicin. Secondly, we propose a new excitation scheme based on a nonradiative energy transfert. This approach allow us to reduce the illumination depth of the microscope at the nanometric scale. We demonstrate its potential through two applications: FCS in micromolar solutions and fluorescence imaging on cells adhesion areas
Ponsot, Alain. "Identification des tissus artériels par spectroscopie laser." Paris 12, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA120026.
Full textThomas, Benjamin. "Télédétection de gaz traces atmosphériques par spectroscopie optique de corrélation et lidar." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10180/document.
Full textIn this thesis, a new active remote sensing methodology is proposed to evaluate the content of atmospheric trace gases. The new methodology is based on laser spectroscopy and consists in coupling a spectrally broadband lidar with optical correlation spectroscopy (OCS-lidar). As a first step, a new formalism has been developed to remotely evaluate the target gas concentration from the OCS-lidar signals. To evaluate the performance of this new methodology, a numerical model simulating OSC-lidar signals for methane and water vapor measurement has been developed. Moreover, the influence of the absorption spectroscopic line parameters, such as atmospheric pressure and temperature, on the retrieved gas mixing ratio has been assessed within the OCS-lidar methodology. In addition to this theoretical work, the first experimental demonstration of the OCS-lidar methodology has been performed using a femtosecond lidar system. The latter has been entirely designed, developed and implemented in the framework of this thesis. Results show the ability of the OCS-lidar methodology to monitor the water vapor using the 4ν 720 nm absorption band. Moreover, two different experimental configurations have been proposed, depending on whether the amplitude modulation is operated on the laser pulse or on the backscattered light, i.e. at the emission, with an active amplitude modulator or at the reception, with passive optical filters. The advances in developing the corresponding infrared OCS-lidar system for methane mixing ratios measurements are described and possible outlooks are given
Chen, Jian-Wei. "Contribution à l'étude des solutions micellaires et microémulsionnées : corrélation entre les propriétés dérivées de méthodes électrochimiques et spectrofluorimétriques." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19040.
Full textEtienne, Emilien. "Spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence sur miroir : détection et exaltation de la luminescence de molécules biologiques individuelles diffusant en solution ou en milieu cellulaire." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX30048.
Full textSingle fluorescent molecule detection is often resrtricted by two problems : photon collection and size definition of the observation volume. In Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS), we show that a mirror located at the objective focal point enables : (i) to enhance the collected photon number per fluorescent molecule, and (ii) to reshape the confocal volume with interference fringes. This new technique is firstly checked for fluorescent nanospheres, then for molecules of biological interest. We show numerically that this technique is well suitable for measuring diffusion coefficients in confined wavelength-sized structure. Finally, we confirm these results by studying fluorescent proteins diffusion in bacteria cytoplasm
Bélanger, Marie-Christine. "Détection de carences nutritives par fluorescence active et spectrométrie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22913/22913.pdf.
Full textNutrient deficiencies are responsible for significant reductions of crop growth and yields. In order to reduce their negative impacts, it is important to detect those deficiencies as early as possible. Current methods include plant material collection and chemical analyses that may not provide deficiency detection within the time-window necessary for plant response to recovery fertilization. Reflectance and fluorescence are two methods associated with remote sensing. In this research project we evaluated the potential of reflectance and fluorescence to detect nutrient deficiencies in crops. To do so, we induced three nutrient deficiencies (N, K, Mg) on potato plants. The nitrogen deficiency significantly reduced crop growth contrary to K or Mg deficiencies. The potential of reflectance and fluorescence to detect nutrient deficiencies was related to growth reduction and it was easier to detect nitrogen deficiency than magnesium or potassium deficiencies. We also developed a nitrogen imbalance indicator based on the computation of the compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND). This indicator corresponds to a canonical variable including information coming from 24 reflectance and fluorescence indices. It allowed the detection of nearly 70% of nitrogen-imbalanced plants. Moreover, we also evaluated the impact of the angle of view and of veins density on the detection of nutrient deficiencies using fluorescence. The detection of nitrogen deficiencies was improved when the fluorometer was inclined and faced older leaves or leaves having a lower density of veins. The research project confirmed the potential of reflectance and fluorescence for the detection of nutrient deficiencies; it introduced a new nitrogen imbalance index integrating CND and remote sensing data; and it determined that a near-nadir angle of view was not well-suited for the detection of some specific nutrient deficiencies. This research project will help to improve crop yield in a sustainable management context.
Buhot, Jonathan. "Ordres cachés et magnétisme étudiés par spectroscopie Raman en conditions extrêmes." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC115.
Full textNew electronic phases, the so-called "exotic phases", where the order parameter isn't clearly identified, sometimes appear at low temperature and/or under high pressure in the matter. This thesis focuses on the study by Raman spectroscopy of these exotic orders in the URu2Si2 and PrRu4Sb12 compounds and of the magnetism in the multiferroïc compound BiFeO3. For this purpose, we developed a new Raman spectroscopy set-up probing very low energy excitations (1 meV) under high pressure (20 GPa) and at low temperature (3 K). In the PrRu4P12 skutterudite, we followed crystal field excitations and phonon modes under pressure up to 17 GPa. Our results confirm that the lattice dynamic is a side effect of the metal-insulator transition. However, they refute current theories that explain the electronic order's evolution under pressure based on crystal field levels inversion. They underline the possible existence of magnetism under pressure. The URu2Si2 compound has been studied at room pressure and low temperature. We observe new signatures of the hidden order phase consisting of a very narrow excitation and a low energy gap, both only seen in the A2g symmetry. The study of the electronic response and of the lattice dynamic shows the influence of the anisotropy on the Kondo physics. Finally, combining Raman measurement under pressure at room temperature, numerical simulations and theoretical calculations, we provide a global understanding of BiFeO3's magnetism through its various structural phases up to 12 GPa
Charrier, Anne. "Etude des effets de corrélation aux surfaces et interfaces de semiconducteurs par spectroscopie de photoémission inverse." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX22017.
Full textKrou, Adjo. "Exploitation de spectres denses de fluorescence induite par laser dans le mélange gazeux NaK - Na2." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX11364.
Full textKloster-landsberg, Meike. "Spectroscopie à corrélation de fluorescence multi-confocale : développement et application à l'étude de la réponse cellulaire au choc thermique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770264.
Full textKloster-Landsberg, Meike. "Spectroscopie à corrélation de fluorescence multi-confocale : développement et application à l'étude de la réponse cellulaire au choc thermique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENY053/document.
Full textThe cell nucleus is heterogeneous in its structure and activity and many of its components are in dynamic interactions with each other. When investigating the cellular response to an external signal, such as heat shock, standard fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) experiments, which are limited to one observation volume, do only give partial results because of the missing spatial information. This work introduces a novel multi-confocal FCS (mFCS) technique that allows simultaneous FCS measurements in different locations within a cell. It is based on the use of a spatial light modulator (SLM) to create several distinct observation volumes at a time and an electron-multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD) camera to perform parallel detection. The spatial resolution as well as the sensibility of the mFCS system are close to that of a classical FCS setup and using a special readout mode, a temporal resolution of $14mu s$ is reached. The mFCS technique is applied to study the cellular response to thermal stress by monitoring the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), which is a key regulator of the heat shock response. mFCS experiments in living cells reveal changes in the dynamics of HSF1 upon heat shock. These changes concern the affinity as well as the spatial homogeneity of its interactions with DNA. Additionally, the performance of a CMOS-SPAD camera, consisting of an array of single photon avalanche diodes, is evaluated and the device is tested as an alternative detector for mFCS in living cells
Ali-Romson, Farida. "Détermination de coefficients de diffusion par diverses techniques de spectroscopie de fluorescence." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPLA001.
Full textBaranger, Philippe. "Détection du kérozène par imagerie de fluorescence induite par laser, pour application sur foyer aéronautique." Paris 11, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009189.
Full textThe new concepts of aeronautical engines, developed to follow the evolution of the european standards of pollution, are generally based on an improvement of the processes of liquid fuel injection and mixture in the combustion chamber. There is currently no model mature enough to work without experimental validation. The purpose of this thesis is to assess the possibility of measuring the kerosene (jet a1) vapour distribution by plif (planar laser induced fluorescence). That measurement technique must quantitatively image the instantaneous concentrations fields of the vaporized fuel in a spray. The implementation of such a technique needs an experimental spectroscopic study, which was realized on the vapour of fuel. First of all, this study allowed us to determine the properties of the kerosene fluorescence spectrum versus physical parameters such as temperature, pressure or gas mixture composition, especially in presence of oxygen molecules. Then, it was shown that the fluorescence spectrum of the fuel could be reproduce in all physical conditions by a single mixture of four aromatics. Their photophysical properties were also analyzed. Following this spectroscopic study, a phenomenological model for the fluorescence of the gaseous fuel was set up. This model led us to a protocol for an optical diagnostic on this fuel vapour. An experiment was set up to test the implementation and the limits of this technique in simple laboratory conditions. This experiment confirmed that this is indeed a promising technique for the diagnostic of the fuel vapour in aeronautical engine
Grisoul, Philippe. "L'analyse des minerais et des minéralisations par spectrométrie de fluorescence X portable : étude des biais induits par les contextes géologiques, gitologiques et minéralogiques : applications aux méthodes de prospection et d'exploitation." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10017.
Full textEttori, Dominique. "Spectroscopie d'autofluorescence induite par laser appliquée à la détection précoce des tumeurs." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132005.
Full textWang, Jian Xiong. "Utilisation du rayonnement synchrotron pour la détermination qualitative d'éléments traces par fluorescence X." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112299.
Full textClerté, Caroline. "Structure et dynamique globales de la protéine U1A humaine étudiées par spectroscopie de fluorescence." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066405.
Full textFELLOWS, CARLOS. "Etude de la molecule d'alcalin mixte nali par spectroscopie par transformation de fourier et fluorescence induite par laser." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112002.
Full textYapoudjian, Stéphane. "Etudes par spectroscopie interfaciale (fluorescence et infra-rouge) de la lipase de thermomyces lanuginosa." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA114802.
Full textDutouquet, Christophe. "Processus physico-chimiques dans des plasmas d'ablation laser : étude par spectroscopie d'émission, d'absorption et par imagerie de fluorescence induite par laser." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2069.
Full textMeere, Bernard. "Etude d'hydrosols de silice amorphe par spectroscopie de corrélation de photons. Effet des forces électrostatiques interparticulaires." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212908.
Full textPadilla, Ybarra Juan José. "Biopsie optique par spectroscopie de fluorescence des tissus vivants : spectroscopie UV, microspectroscopie, spectroscopie résolue dans le temps : conception instrumentale, traitement automatique du signal et modélisation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL124N.
Full textBoitier, Fabien. "Absorption à deux photons et effets de corrélation quantique dans les semiconducteurs." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00575928.
Full textFaour, Ghaleb. "Réalisation d'un spectromètre d'émission induite par un laser impulsionnel : applications : mesure des faibles concentrations et de la durée de vie." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30090.
Full textThoury, Mathieu. "Identification non-destructive des vernis des oeuvres d'art par fluorescence UV." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00164825.
Full textSalhi, Samira. "Porphyrines greffées à des chaînes polymères : synthèses et caractérisations par spectroscopie laser." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DENS0014.
Full textAllemand, Jean Francois. "Quelques expériences entre physique, chimie, biologie :formations de boucles dans l'ADN, moteurs moléculaires etségrégation chromosomique, excitation biphotonique,spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00141893.
Full textmicromanipulations de molécules d'ADN uniques avec des pinces magnétiques
pour étudier la cinétique et thermodynamique de formation de boucles
sur l'ADN par le répresseur GalR. Nous avons également étudié les propriétés
de la translocase à ADN FtsK impliquée dans la ségrégation des chromosomes
chez E. coli. Dans une seconde partie nous avons mis en place différentes
expériences utilisant l'excitation biphotonique. Tout d'abord nous
avons construit un dispositif pour mesurer les sections efficaces d'absorption
à deux photons de molécules synthétisées au laboratoire.Nous avons ensuite
mis en place la technique de corrélation de fluctuations de fluorescence pour
mesurer des coefficients de diffusion et des constantes cinétiques.
Mqadmi, Saïd. "Étude par spectroscopie de fluorescence de molécules à fort caractère de transfert de charge." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10128.
Full textBras, Marlène. "Validation et caractérisation de la lecture des puces à ADN par spectroscopie de fluorescence." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10205.
Full textBrenot, Romain. "Corrélation entre mode de croissance et propriétés de transport du silicium microcristallin, établie par réflectométrie micro-onde et ellipsométrie." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EPXX0011.
Full textNazih, Abdelhamid. "Applications de la spectroscopie par corrélation de photons à : 1) la granulométrie des imbrûlés : 2) la vélocimétrie." Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES030.
Full textSteenkeste, Karine. "Etude de différents mécanismes d'oxydation de l'ADN par spectroscopie rapide." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112082.
Full textInternal or external factors (drugs, UV-visible radiation) may induce mutations and even cell death and thus result in damage or loss of genetic information. DNA oxidation is one of the main damages; it may occur either locally or at a distance via charge or proton or energy transfer along DNA according to mechanisms not yet understood. The aim of this thesis was to study the primary steps (from femtoseconds to microseconds) of different DNA oxidation processes. Several compounds interacting with nucleic bases (camptothecin, MABAP) or derivatives of these bases (2-chloropyrimidine), all of which liable to therapy application, have been investigated using different techniques of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The formation of a stacking complex between camptothecin and guanines has been shown in this work to be prerequisite for drug activity; the observed photon-enhanced activity of the drug can be explained by a charge transfer process from the camptothecin triplet giving rise to the guanine radical cation. MABAP, a DNA-bis intercalating bichromophoric drug, able to intercalate between the GC base pairs in DNA, has been used as a nanoprobe of charge and/or energy transfer in DNA: a local femtosecond guanine oxidation process has been evidenced as well as an exchange -through energy transfer- between both chromophores of MABAP intercalated between GC base pairs. Preliminary femtosecond time resolved investigations of 2-chloropyrimidine have allowed to lay down the foundations of the study of the hydroxylation mechanism of DNA bases
Piard, Jonathan. "Etudes photophysiques de nanoparticules moléculaires photochromes et fluorescentes préparées par photofragmentation laser." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624375.
Full textPezé, Pascale. "Étude et caractérisation par fluorescence induite par laser d'un jet pulsé d'oxygène atomique." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ESAE0021.
Full textTellier, Franklin Gérard Francis. "Détection du ganglion sentinelle par des méthodes optiques : utilisation des photons diffusés et de fluorescence." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/TELLIER_Franklin_Gerard_Francis_2011.pdf.
Full textThe sentinel lymph node (SLN) method has become the gold standard to detect breast cancer metastasis. Two optical methods of detection and localization of SLN have been implemented. The first is based on the recording of scattered photons in the tissue to detect dye accumulated in the node. The second consists in detecting the emission of fluorescence photons. For both applications the dye selected is the most frequently used in clinical routine: Patent Blue V (PBV). A first optical instrument has been developed, using 4 excitation laser diodes, to discriminate absorption of PBV from that of other tissue chromophores, and one photodiode of detection. Experiments on solutions simulating the optical properties of breast tissue determined that the probe was 30 times more sensitive than the eye. Animal experimentation allowed to verify, in-vivo, the feasibility of the method. Subsequent collaboration with a regional cancer centre has permitted ex-vivo characterization of the prototype using 78 surgical pieces marked with low volumes of PBV and not visually blue. Our parallel studies highlighted an enhancement of the PBV fluorescence quantum yield by a factor of 30 when it was bounded to human serum albumin. Thus, a prototype to detect fluorescence photons has been developed. Its detection threshold is 100 times as low as that of the human eye. Fluorophore-marked nodes were detected in an animal model, with this device and using an appropriate imaging system. This device can localize precisely a marked SLN after percutaneous injection of a fluorescent dye
Dufour, Emmanuelle. "Effets de corrélation de charges dans les plasmas denses et chauds." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX11049.
Full textHenry, Caroline. "Détection de points brillants par corrélation complexe entre sous-vues d'une image RSO spatiale." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT050H.
Full textHua, Ying. "Structures auto-assemblées de guanines étudiées par spectroscopie optique résolue en temps." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00873695.
Full textZhao, Huiyu. "Analyse de la matière organique et ses propriétés dans l’environnement naturel en spectroscopie de fluorescence 3D traitée par PARAFAC." Thesis, Toulon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUL0003/document.
Full textFluorescence excitation and emission matrices (EEM) are used to characterize natural organic matter (NOM). To make best use of this information, PARAFAC, a trilinear algorithm is employed. After removing Rayleigh and Raman scattering and correction of the inner filter effect, this method allows separating the spectral components present in MEEF.This work presents two studies: the characterization and quantification of NOM according to its origin and calculation of environmental complexation constants of NOM towards copper as ionic form.Spectral components and their relative intensities are calculated by PARAFAC from 1146 samples gathered according to the missions, the medium type, or the salinity level. To study these components, a new spectral representation is proposed in order to highlight their spectral variability. The results show that even when samples spectra of various origins are clustered, the overall spectral overlap and the relative intensities remain almost similar. On the whole spectral range, areas corresponding to humic substances are quite variable, compared to the protein zone.Metal complexation by NOM is analyzed by combination of four tools: metal ions logarithmic addition, MEEF measurement, the PARAFAC dissociation method and the PROSECE modelling algorithm. Fluorescence quenching measurement is not only limited to the modelling of fluorescence intensity but also to the relative intensity of each PARAFAC-dissociated component though surpassing the methods used so far. Finally, the application of this improving technique leads to quantify NOM complexation properties using a two-complexing sites complexation model for each PARAFAC-dissociated component by using the whole fluorescence signal