Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spectroscopie de fluorescence'
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Aknine, Nathan. "Nouvelles sondes fluorescentes pour la bioimagerie des structures lipidiques cellulaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF035.
Full textThis PhD project is focused on the design of innovative fluorescent probes for better visualization and understanding of cellular lipidic structures by bioimaging. Three families of novel fluorescent probes have been generated in this thesis, targeting and shedding light on different cellular localizations. First, the lipiddirected covalent targeting of the plasma membrane was introduced and enabled the development of new fluorescent tools for the labeling and functionalization of the cell surface. These probes allowed robust longterm cell imaging and barcoding as well as cell manipulation and cell surface engineering. Secondly, environment-sensitive probes based on a trifluoroacetyl electron acceptor were obtained, enabling the imaging of the polarity and heterogeneity of intracellular lipid droplets. This strategy also yielded probes for super-resolution imaging of the polarity in intracellular membranes. Finally, we explored the strategy for targeting organelles with solvatochromic probes, in particular mitochondria, but also the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, providing insights on the lipid organization of their membranes through polarity imaging. Combining organic chemistry, chemical biology, and fluorescence microscopy, these new advanced molecular tools have been obtained and showed their potential to improve our understanding of cellular structures and processes
M'Baye, Gora Duportail Guy. "Sondes fluorescentes ratiométriques dérivées de la 3- Hydroxyflavone Etude spectroscopique de nouveaux dérivés et applications en biophysique membranaire /." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2007. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/755/01/MBAYE2007.pdf.
Full textMohammadi, Shahla. "Etude par spectroscopie optique (FTIR, UV, Fluorescence) d'ADN." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA132013.
Full textBlancquaert, Yoann. "Nouvelles géométries optiques pour la Spectroscopie à Corrélation de Fluorescence." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148993.
Full textPonsot, Alain. "Identification des tissus artériels par spectroscopie laser." Paris 12, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA120026.
Full textColicchio, Bruno. "Déconvolution adaptative en microscopie tridimensionnelle de fluorescence." Mulhouse, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MULH0779.
Full textThe 3D fluorescence microscope has become the method of choice in biological sciences for living cells study. However, the data acquired with conventional 3D fluorescence microscope are not quantitatively significant for spatial distribution or volume evaluation of fluorescent areas in reason of distortions. Deconvolution is a solution. Direct methods have been proposed, but knowledge of users for the tuning of critical parameters are required, because of the regularization needs due to the ill posed nature of the problem. The first part of this work present the automated tuning of direct methods regularization parameter. The aim is to permit the use of deconvolution by non specialists, giving constant results. The automated direct methods were applied on cytology and cytogenetic 3D data. The presented methods require a sharp characterization of the instrument, so an analysis of the influence of variation of the optical setup on the deconvolution result is presented. The last part of the work present concern the second tendency of deconvolution algorithms, by taking into account the space-variant response case. The solution is computed by a Monte-Carlo process, random guesses following a probability distribution function linked to the bias error of the estimation of the observed image and the raw observed image. The solution is obtained by the minimization of an error criterion in image space with neighborhood constraints in object space
Sauvêtre, Alexandra. "Nouvelle méthode de révélation de traces papillaires par brumisation d'une solution fluorescente." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS406.
Full textThe thesis work aims at addressing a particular need of the police and establishing whether it was possible to visualise fingerprints or not by using a revelation process which is able to cover large surfaces. For reaching this goal, we studied in this work a new strategy: the spray deposition of a specifically designed fluorescent dye. The doctoral project consisted first in some preliminary work which aims at creating artificial and reproducible fingerprints. Those fingerprints will be used to compare revealed fingerprints with each other, in order to assess the effectiveness of the new method. The spectroscopic properties of the fluorophore used in this specific material have been studied, so as to have a better understanding of the mechanism taking places during revelation process. We also analysed the means of revelation itself, the spray and its functioning. Indeed, the drops produced by the spray have a fundamental impact on the quality of the fingerprints revealed. The spray and the drops produced have been studied by imaging techniques in order to better understand and try to optimize the revelation process by a substitution of solvent. Lastly, the method proposed has been considered from a technique angle, so as to meet operational challenges of the police on the crime scenes
Lartia, Rémy. "Synthèse et études de sondes oligonucléotidiques dont le signal fluorescent est modifié au cours de l'hybridation." Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE2066.
Full textYushchenko, Dmytro. "Synthesis, spectroscopic study and application of ratiometric fluorescent dyes for apoptosis sensing and protein labelling." Strasbourg 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR13070.
Full textGrichine, Alexeï. "Imagerie spectrale confocale : développement et applications à l'étude des mécanismes d'action photodynamique de nouveaux sensibilisateurs." Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE2003.
Full textBégon, Cédric. "Intérêt du contrôle de l'émission spontanée pour la détection ultrasensible de molécules fluorescentes." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30014.
Full textWe have implemented a fluorescence con-elation spectroscopy (FCS) set up to coefficients for fluorescent organic molecules freely diffusing into a confocal volume of 10 femtolitres (10-15 litres). The technique, which uses Cyanine 5 reporters gives, for a wide range of concentrations (1011 M-10'8 M), the mean number of fluorescent molecules present into the confocal volume and their mean residence time. The detected signal per molecule per unit time is a key parameter which defines the accuracy of the measurements. To improve the FCS technique, we show that a dielectric multilayer mirror located into the confocal volume alters the radiation pattern for the fluorescent molecules and enhances the signal to noise ratio per molecule per unit time
Fischer, Marc. "Mise en œuvre, étalonnage et évaluation de la spectrométrie photothermique pour l'étude de solutions de rhodamine 6G." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10291.
Full textKrou, Adjo. "Exploitation de spectres denses de fluorescence induite par laser dans le mélange gazeux NaK - Na2." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX11364.
Full textEdery, Franck. "Etude de la fluorescence des molécules H2O et D2O sous l'effet d'une excitation à 2 photons dans des gazs et à 1 photon dans des agrégats : approche d'une méthode in situ de mesure des températures en milieu fluide." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA132006.
Full textDal, Pra Ophélie. "Nanoparticules Organiques Fluorescentes et Fonctionnelles pour le Diagnostic et la Bioimagerie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0314.
Full textThanks to their high brightness and photostability, fluorescent nanoparticles are a promising alternative to organic fluorophores, especially in the fields of biomedical imaging and biosensors. For these applications, the most established nanoparticles are Quantum Dots, as well as silica or polymer nanoparticles that are doped with fluorophores or lanthanides. An alternative to these nanomaterials is the use of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (dFONs) obtained by nanoprecipitation of dedicated hydrophobic dyes in water. Thanks to the high concentration of fluorophores in the core of dFONs, they can exhibit exceptional brightness and photostability. Their preparation method is simple and can be used on a wide variety of chromophores, enabling modulation of their brightness and emission wavelength. However, the challenge for these dFONs lies in the development of efficient and robust functionalization methods, which would facilitate their use as biomarkers or biosensors. This work focuses on the development of new functional dye structures and the preparation of surface-reactive organic nanoparticles for bioimaging. The first section presents the synthesis and characterization of a new dye bearing maleimide functions. The dFONs obtained from this dye are thiol-reactive, and could be used as blue-emitting intracellular glutathione sensors, allowing both 1- and 2-photon excitation. The covalent surface functionalization of these dFONs with various biomolecules is presented as part of a proof-of-concept study. In addition, studies on non-functionalized model chromophores were carried out to better understand the impact of dye structural modification on the photophysical properties of the resulting dFONs and their behaviour in the cellular environment. The limitation of this first dye is its blue emission, which is poorly suited to biological tissues. With this in mind, the next section presents red-emitting dyes whose synthesis can be modulated, thus allowing the introduction of reactive functions. In particular, it was shown that these new red dFONs could internalize into eukaryotic cells and label (under 1- and 2-photon excitation) lipid droplets
Arrigoni-Muller, Sylvaine. "Applications de la polarisation de fluorescence en biologie cellulaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10399.
Full textGobinet, Cyril. "Application de techniques de séparation de sources à la spectroscopie Raman et à la spectroscopie de fluorescence." Reims, 2006. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000302.pdf.
Full textOptical spectroscopies give molecular informations of a sample. The separation of these informations is required in order to identify pure present chemical species and analyze their spatial distribution. The modelization of spectroscopic data and the analysis of their properties lead to choose source separation techniques well suited for each spectroscopy. Positivity and smooth shape of fluorescence spectra suggest the use of Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) to separate spectra. Its efficacy is illustrated on wheat and barley grains. Their major phenolic acids are identified by NMF. Ferulic acid is the major component of the aleuron layer. This layer is an indicator of the quality of a flour. This acid can be used as an indicator of the bran contamination of a flour. Then, a method to numerically dewax samples is proposed. It is based on the association of Raman spectroscopy with Independent Component Analysis (ICA). Chemical independence of pure species and sparsity and decorrelation of their Raman spectra are sufficient to assume their mutual independence. The application of ICA leads to the estimation of spectra of paraffin, fluorine and the underlying tissue. This dewaxing process is applied on paraffinised skin tissues. Paraffin must be modeled by three independent sources and spectra of melanoma and nevi epidermis can be isolated by this numerical dewaxing process. The discrimination between these two pathologies is possible thanks to molecular descriptors that has been found
Gobinet, Cyril Manfait Michel. "Application de techniques de séparation de sources à la spectroscopie Raman et à la spectroscopie de fluorescence." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2006. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000302.pdf.
Full textPadilla, Ybarra Juan José. "Biopsie optique par spectroscopie de fluorescence des tissus vivants : spectroscopie UV, microspectroscopie, spectroscopie résolue dans le temps : conception instrumentale, traitement automatique du signal et modélisation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL124N.
Full textDouminge, Ludovic. "Etude du comportement du polyéthylène haute densité sous irradiation ultraviolette ou sollicitation mécanique par spectroscopie de fluorescence." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00541017.
Full textChalau, Vadzim. "Spectroscopie in vivo de diffusion élastique résolue dans l'espace en combinaison avec la spectroscopie de fluorescence : applications en cancérologie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL068N.
Full textWe developed a portable device for "optical biopsy". The device performs in vivo steady state space resolved diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (SRDRS) and light induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LlFS) studies. The originality of the device relies in the use of light emitting diodes (LED) as light source for SRDRS and for fluorescence excitation. We studied the optical properties of healthy and malignant tissues of rat tumor models SM-1, PC-1, Sa-45 and W-256 and mouse tumor model HT29 and Colo 26. The differences in the diffuse reflectance spectra can be explained by differences in scattering properties of those tissues. Ln vivo pharmacokinetics of the photosensitiser mTHPBC in rat liver was studied by SRDRS. The precision of the concentration measurements is of the same level as for the chemical extraction studies. However, the use of SRDRS method is more convenient. The developed device can also be applied for LlFS pharmacokinetics studies of photosensitisers such as Foscan (mTHPC)
Chabreuil, Lucie. "Synthèse et études physico-chimiques de nouveaux systèmes photochromiques : Base d' architecture moléculaire pour l' optoélectronique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4023.
Full textThe photochromism is defined as a reversible transformation between two states of the molecule. The reversibility can occur thermally and/or photochemically. The intrinsic properties make the photochromic molecular system highly promising for various applications such as optical memory and molecular switches. From the large family of organic photochromic compounds, chromenes (benzopyrans and napthopyrans) and diarylethenes, both involving a ring closure/opening electrocyclic isomerisation, are largely used. In the last decades, a renewal of interest in the synthesis of supramolecular structures have been observed in view of application for optoelectronic devices. In this project, the original idea was to design and synthesize novel star-shaped like molecular architecture having triphenylamine as core block bridging several thermoreversible photochromic units in one molecule. In this context, new series of supramolecular assemblies were synthesized by introducing chromenes units on the core and changing the linkage. Then, their spectroscopic properties were studied by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy before evaluating their photochromic properties. In a second way, a diarylethene substituted by a silicon atom was synthesized under micro-wave to open an interesting perspective in order to access a new photochromic family
Ali-Romson, Farida. "Détermination de coefficients de diffusion par diverses techniques de spectroscopie de fluorescence." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPLA001.
Full textMEYER, DANIEL. "Apports de la spectroscopie de fluorescence dans l'etude des nucleocapsides des retrovirus." Strasbourg 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR15064.
Full textBélanger, Marie-Christine. "Détection de carences nutritives par fluorescence active et spectrométrie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22913/22913.pdf.
Full textNutrient deficiencies are responsible for significant reductions of crop growth and yields. In order to reduce their negative impacts, it is important to detect those deficiencies as early as possible. Current methods include plant material collection and chemical analyses that may not provide deficiency detection within the time-window necessary for plant response to recovery fertilization. Reflectance and fluorescence are two methods associated with remote sensing. In this research project we evaluated the potential of reflectance and fluorescence to detect nutrient deficiencies in crops. To do so, we induced three nutrient deficiencies (N, K, Mg) on potato plants. The nitrogen deficiency significantly reduced crop growth contrary to K or Mg deficiencies. The potential of reflectance and fluorescence to detect nutrient deficiencies was related to growth reduction and it was easier to detect nitrogen deficiency than magnesium or potassium deficiencies. We also developed a nitrogen imbalance indicator based on the computation of the compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND). This indicator corresponds to a canonical variable including information coming from 24 reflectance and fluorescence indices. It allowed the detection of nearly 70% of nitrogen-imbalanced plants. Moreover, we also evaluated the impact of the angle of view and of veins density on the detection of nutrient deficiencies using fluorescence. The detection of nitrogen deficiencies was improved when the fluorometer was inclined and faced older leaves or leaves having a lower density of veins. The research project confirmed the potential of reflectance and fluorescence for the detection of nutrient deficiencies; it introduced a new nitrogen imbalance index integrating CND and remote sensing data; and it determined that a near-nadir angle of view was not well-suited for the detection of some specific nutrient deficiencies. This research project will help to improve crop yield in a sustainable management context.
Faour, Ghaleb. "Réalisation d'un spectromètre d'émission induite par un laser impulsionnel : applications : mesure des faibles concentrations et de la durée de vie." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30090.
Full textLenormand, Hugo. "Synthèse et utilisation de composés spiraniques silylés comme sondes à fluorures." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066520.
Full textIn collaboration with DGA, this thesis is dedicated to the research of new silylated fluoride sensors. The detection of these ions is very important because they are, among others, degradation products of chemical warfare such as Sarin as Soman. Thereby, different types of silylated fluoride sensors have been synthesized and used. The following report will be divided into 3 chapters. The first part describes the preparation of new silicon pentavalent compounds which enable to detect fluoride ions by nucleophilic substitution. The synthesis of existing spirosilanes and their use as efficient sensors are discussed in chapter II. We will present then, the properties of these existing species that have allowed us to develop very sensitive detection methods. The third chapter depicts the synthesis of new analogue spirosilanes which permits us to analyze their ability to be efficient sensors. Finally, we will show that the synthesis of the new silyl fluoride sensors has been successful. Their use as sensors demonstrates a good selectivity and affinity to fluoride ions, even in aqueous medium
Boutin, Céline. "Spectroscopie de corrélation de fluorescence pour l'étude de la diffusion membranaire dans les cellules vivantes." Troyes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TROY0019.
Full textFluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is used to probe the dynamic of molecular dyes. In particular, FCS is well adapted to investigate diffusion processes. Thus, such spectroscopic approach was suitable to study the diffusion of rhodamine-6G near a controlled interface in term of hydrophobicity degree. Finally, we have shown that rhodamin-6G is strongly attracted by hydrophobic surfaces. A study of membrane fluidity in living cells has also been conducted. It related to the multidrugs resistance (MDR) phenomena in cancer research. So, we clearly reveal the higher heterogeneity of plasma membrane in MDR cells in comparison with the sensitive ones. The effect of specific and non specific membrane agents allowed us to display the presence of distinct membrane “domain” linked to the resistance. Finally, an instrumental development based on FRET was proposed in order to strongly reduce the axial elongation of the confocal volume. Through a surface functionalization and an appropiate plasma membrane labelling, we have highlighted cell adhesion on surfaces, which enabled us to perform first local FCS measurements on cells
Grisoul, Philippe. "L'analyse des minerais et des minéralisations par spectrométrie de fluorescence X portable : étude des biais induits par les contextes géologiques, gitologiques et minéralogiques : applications aux méthodes de prospection et d'exploitation." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10017.
Full textRoche, Julien. "High-pressure effects on proteins and the volume change upon unfolding." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20262/document.
Full textTo solve the century-old question of the origin of the volume change upon unfolding for globular proteins, we built up a collection of 10 mutants of the hyperstable variant of SNase, ∆+PHS. Each of these mutations was designed to create a cavity or to enlarge a naturally occurring cavity in the protein core. We first analyzed how the local structural environment determines the adaptation to the mutation. The high-pressure fluorescence experiments showed a systematic increase of the volume difference between the folded and unfolded states for the 10 variants, compared to ∆+PHS. This major result, in addition to a recent study demonstrating that the hydration effects do not provide any significant contribution to the volume changes, clearly demonstrates that the volume difference between the folded and unfolded states is predominantly due to the presence of internal cavities in the native structure. NMR measurements of the volume change allowed a mapping of the pressure effects on a residue scale and the identification of the folding intermediates populating the free-energy landscape. By analyzing the unfolding kinetics, we finally characterized the consequences of these mutations on the transition state ensembles of SNase
Clerté, Caroline. "Structure et dynamique globales de la protéine U1A humaine étudiées par spectroscopie de fluorescence." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066405.
Full textCogné-Laage, Emmanuelle. "Contributions de chimiste à l'imagerie microscopique par excitation biphotonique." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066520.
Full textWang, Jian Xiong. "Utilisation du rayonnement synchrotron pour la détermination qualitative d'éléments traces par fluorescence X." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112299.
Full textYapoudjian, Stéphane. "Etudes par spectroscopie interfaciale (fluorescence et infra-rouge) de la lipase de thermomyces lanuginosa." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA114802.
Full textCaroulle, Marie-Christine. "La fluorescence synchrone et ses applications à l'étude des médicaments." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P254.
Full textEttori, Dominique. "Spectroscopie d'autofluorescence induite par laser appliquée à la détection précoce des tumeurs." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132005.
Full textJaffiol, Rodolphe. "Spectroscopie optique de nano-objets individuels." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112223.
Full textSingle nanoobjects were studied by hyperspectral optical imaging, which associates a scanning confocal microscope with an optical spectroscopy unit. We choose to perform fluorescence spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. At room temperature, such spectroscopic approach has proven to be well adapted to study two different nanoobjects, as single molecules and carbon nanotubes. Our Raman imaging set-up is an efficient tool to localize different chemical species in a sample. Thus, we recorded the first Raman spectra of new carbon species, single wall carbon nanotubes which encapsulated several perylene molecules or dimetallofullernes (peapods). For peapods, we demonstrate from Raman spectre a charge transfer process between the nanotubes and the metallofullerenes, and in many cases their polymerization inside the tubes. Metallic nanostructured surfaces are usually required in this kind of experiments. In fact, we observed an enhancement of the Raman scattering with these surfaces, high enough to record the Raman scattering from a single nanoobject in few seconds. Also, they improve the spatial selection of the confocal microscope, that permit the selection of single nanoobjects. In this way, we studied single molecules and single carbone nanotubes. Then, I bring out some characteristics of the enhancement process. In particular, this enhancement is only efficient at the vicinity of the nanostructure. The surface morphology of the nanostructure must also exhibit some protrusions, or interstices
Vallon, Raphaël Crozet Patrick. "Fluorescence laser intracavité et spectrométrie de Fourier développements expérimentaux et application au radical NiH /." [s.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/18/95/71/PDF/rvallon.pdf.
Full textTourkya, Belal. "Mise au point de la spectroscopie de fluorescence pour la taxonomie des Pseudomonads." Phd thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF21942.
Full textOuellet, Samuel. "Développement d'une plateforme de microscopie en imagerie de fluorescence en temps de vie (FLIM) et de nanoparticules plasmoniques fluorescentes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30816/30816.pdf.
Full textFluorescence spectroscopy is a powerful analytical method used in many areas. Nevertheless, organic fluorescent molecules show some disadvantages like variable quantum yield and fast photobleaching. Moreover, most of fluorescent dyes are hydrophobic and dynamic quenching can occur. To push the limit of this technique, it is useful to boost properties of fluorescent molecules to overcome those disadvantages. Metal enhanced fluorescence can increase the overall luminescence of fluorophore dyes. Superluminescent plasmonic nanoprobes have been developed in the lab. Those nanoparticles are made of a silver core surrounded by a fluorescent silica shell doped with fluorescein (Ag@SiO2). The metallic nanoparticle interacts strongly with the electromagnetic field of incident light at a certain frequency to create an oscillating electron cloud called a localized surface plasmon. The resonant frequency of the plasmonic band is affected by nanoparticle characteristics like shape, size and composition. Enhanced fluorescence is characterised by an increased luminescence and a shortened lifetime of fluorescence. The characterization of those properties is made in a cuvette and thus reflects the averaged properties of a heterogenous population of particles dispersed in a liquid. In this project, a microscopy platform enabling the acquisition, on the same particle, of the intensity, the fluorescence lifetime and the plasmonic band have been assembled. In addition, a method has been developed to localise nanoparticles on a solid substrate to complement the measurements mentioned above by information on the nanoparticles’ shape and size using scanning electron microscopy. The influence of the nano-objects’ morphology on the plasmonic band, the fluorescence intensity and the lifetime can then be studied. This platform regroups on a single microscope fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, dark field imaging and scattering spectroscopy.
Montcuquet, Anne-Sophie. "Imagerie spectrale pour l’étude de structures profondes par tomographie optique diffusive de fluorescence." Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0097.
Full textFluorescence optical imaging locates biological targets such as tumors tagged with fluorescent markers. For medical diagnostic applications where thickness of media reaches a few centimeters, unwanted autofluorescence of tissues prevents the detection of fluorescence signal of interest : its removal is a sine qua non condition to an accurate tumor localization. The aims of this thesis was to spectrally study natural fluorescence of tissues and to develop a blind source separation method to remove autofluorescence contribution from measurements. Nonnegative Matrix Factorization method was chosen, original algorithms were proposed, and tested on real data. We proved our method is highly efficient to improve the detection of markers and the localization of tumors in Fluorescence Diffuse Optical Tomography reconstructions
Ait, Lyazidi Saâdia. "Rôle de l'eau et de la liaison hydrogène dans la structure et spectroscopie des molécules TICT : Corrélation d'une étude conformationnelle avec l'absorption et la fluorescence double d'anilines para-substituées en solutions et en matrices polymériques." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10583.
Full textHadad, Meriem. "Étude spectroscopique des processus de photodimérisation dans le cristal d'anthracène : influence sur la cohérence excitonique de la surface analysée par réflectivité et fluorescence." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10580.
Full textChong, Michael. "Electrically driven fluorescence of single molecule junctions." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAE022/document.
Full textThis thesis presents a study of the optoelectronic properties of molecular junctions performed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). First, the molecular structures are synthesized on a Au(111) surface. Then, by manipulation we lift and suspend a molecule between the tip of the STM and the gold surface, creating a single molecule junction. By applying a voltage bias between the tip and the sample, a current is generated, which leads to the excitation of the molecule. This process is mediated by the localized surface plasmon modes of the tip. Eventually, the molecule de-excites in a radiative way, generating a fluorescence signal. We use this technique to study two different molecular junctions. First, an emitting unit (fused-porphyrin) is suspended in the junction by means of organic linkers (oligothiophene). This type of junction generates a narrow-line emission of light whose color is controlled by selecting the chemical structure of the emitting unit. Moreover, control over the linewidth is obtained by progressively detaching the emitting unit from the surface. Also, we observe red-shifted vibronic features that provide a chemical fingerprint of the emitter, and blue- shifted vibronic features that are a sign of hot-luminescence. For the second type of junctions we use graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) of atomically precise width and edge structure. When lifted in the junction, GNRs with a specific type of termination (C-terminated) exhibit a light emission spectrum with a main peak and two red-shifted vibrational features. The main peak is associated to an intra-ribbon transition between a localized state (Tamm) and a delocalized state
Zhao, Huiyu. "Analyse de la matière organique et ses propriétés dans l’environnement naturel en spectroscopie de fluorescence 3D traitée par PARAFAC." Thesis, Toulon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUL0003/document.
Full textFluorescence excitation and emission matrices (EEM) are used to characterize natural organic matter (NOM). To make best use of this information, PARAFAC, a trilinear algorithm is employed. After removing Rayleigh and Raman scattering and correction of the inner filter effect, this method allows separating the spectral components present in MEEF.This work presents two studies: the characterization and quantification of NOM according to its origin and calculation of environmental complexation constants of NOM towards copper as ionic form.Spectral components and their relative intensities are calculated by PARAFAC from 1146 samples gathered according to the missions, the medium type, or the salinity level. To study these components, a new spectral representation is proposed in order to highlight their spectral variability. The results show that even when samples spectra of various origins are clustered, the overall spectral overlap and the relative intensities remain almost similar. On the whole spectral range, areas corresponding to humic substances are quite variable, compared to the protein zone.Metal complexation by NOM is analyzed by combination of four tools: metal ions logarithmic addition, MEEF measurement, the PARAFAC dissociation method and the PROSECE modelling algorithm. Fluorescence quenching measurement is not only limited to the modelling of fluorescence intensity but also to the relative intensity of each PARAFAC-dissociated component though surpassing the methods used so far. Finally, the application of this improving technique leads to quantify NOM complexation properties using a two-complexing sites complexation model for each PARAFAC-dissociated component by using the whole fluorescence signal
Bendellaa, Mohamed. "Evaluation préclinique de composés optiques et photoacoustiques métal-DIPY dérivés du BODIPY." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALV029.
Full textImage-guided surgery allows the surgeon to improve his precision during tumor resection by better and more quickly identifying tumor lesions in healthy tissues. Fluorescence image-guided surgery is currently performed using NIR-I infrared emitting contrast agents.However, in this optical window, the tissues are not transparent and possess some autofluorescence limiting the detection to the first millimeters of tissue. By working in the NIR-II optical window, the autofluorescence is reduced, as well as light scattering, which improves image quality. In this project and in collaboration with teams of chemists, we will evaluate compounds with enhanced fluorescence properties in the NIR-II, in the context of image-guided surgery. The compounds will also be optimized for multimodal imaging, by combination with photoacoustic imaging and possibly PET / SPECT nuclear imaging
Novales, Bruno. "Potentialités de la spectroscopie et de l'analyse d'images en fluorescence pour l'étude de produits complexes dans le domaine agro-alimentaire." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD927.
Full textMqadmi, Saïd. "Étude par spectroscopie de fluorescence de molécules à fort caractère de transfert de charge." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10128.
Full textBras, Marlène. "Validation et caractérisation de la lecture des puces à ADN par spectroscopie de fluorescence." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10205.
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