Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spectroscopie de résonance magnétique du phosphore 31'
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Zaim, Wadghiri Youssef. "Méthodologies pour l'utilisation clinique de la spectroscopie RMN : cas du phosphore-31 ; quantification ; mesures thermométriques." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10349.
Full textMattei, Jean-Pierre. "Approches cliniques du métabolisme énergétique musculaire par spectrométrie de résonance magnétique du phosphore-31 : avantages, limites et perspectives." Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX20688.
Full textChati, Ahmad Zukaï. "Anomalies métaboliques du muscle squelettique dans l'insuffisance cardiaque chronique : intérêt de la spectroscopie par résonance magnétique nucléaire du phosphore 31." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10375.
Full textPineau, Charles-Henri. "La spectroscopie hépatique par résonance magnétique du phosphore 31 : mise au point de protocoles d'études sur des cohortes à 1,5 et 2 tesla." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR23095.
Full textMarchadour, Charlotte. "Spectroscopie RMN cérébrale pour l’étude du milieu intracellulaire in vivo : développements méthodologiques pour la diffusion à courtes échelles de temps et pour la mesure du pH en détection 31P." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112111/document.
Full textNMR spectroscopy is a unique modality to evaluate intracellular environment in vivo. Indeed observed molecules are specifically intracellular and generally have a biochemistry role and a specific cellular compartmentation. That could be a useful tool to understand cell functioning in their environment. My thesis work consisted in development of new sequence in both diffusion and phosphorus NMR spectroscopy.My first study was to develop a diffusion-weighted spectroscopy at ultra-short diffusion time to look at the anomalous diffusion in the rat brain. ADC evolution as a function of time shows that brain metabolites motion is mainly due to random diffusion and that active transport (if exist) are negligible. Data modeling evidences that diffusion at short diffusion time is sensitive to cytoplasm viscosity and short scale crowding. In collaboration with the pharmaceutical company, this technique was chosen to follow up transgenic mice (rTg4510), model of tau pathology. Preliminary results show significant differences of ADC at an early stage of neurodegenerescence (3 and 6 months).Phosphorus spectroscopy allows observation of metabolites directly implicated in energetic processes. During this thesis, localization sequences were developed to measure intracellular pH in the primate striatum. These sequences are supposed to be used to evaluate the potential of pH as a biomarker of neurodegenerescence in a phenotypic model of the Huntington disease in the non-human primate
Beauvieux, Marie-Christine. "Etude par spectroscopie de résonance magnétique de la conservation du greffon épatique." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR28265.
Full textBrosseau, Olivier. "RMN du phosphore 31 dans le muscle squelettique humain : aspects méthodologiques et applications dans le cadre d'exercices intensifs de type anaérobie chez le sédentaire et le sportif de haut niveau." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10110.
Full textRichard, Julie-Andrée. "Étude de l'interaction entre le dimyristoylphosphatidylglycérol et la purothionine-ß par spectroscopies infrarouge et de résonance magnétique nucléaire du phosphore-31 à l'état solide." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57837.pdf.
Full textBiran, Marc. "Application de la résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'étude du métabolisme hépatique : métabolisme du glutamate et de la glutamine dans le foie perfusé de rat, développements méthodologiques pour la SRM clinique." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR28279.
Full textThe first part of this work concerns the study of the metabolic compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine in the isolated and perfused rat liver. The results are obtained by using 13C enriched substrates, coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance detection. Thus, we have shown the existence of two glutamate pools, one in the periportal zone and the second in the perivenous zone. The quantification of these pools can be peformed by 13C specific enrichments determination. In the same way, biochemical assays on cellular extracts and excreted perfusate have specified the role of glutamate, glutamine and urea in the ammonium ions detoxification phenomenon in the liver. The second part of this work contributes to technological and methodological developments in the clinical use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Large radiofrequency coils have been elaborated to observe different nuclei : a 31P/IH coil (2T). In the same way, 2 dimension spectroscopic imaging sequences have been developed. Perfectly, localized 31P MRS spectra were performed. The comparison of investigation results on healthy volunteers and patients with various pathologies have shown significant differences. 13C MRS spectra with proton decoupling, were performed on volunteers (aftter power deposition and tissu heating calculation). 13C human liver spectra were performed at 2T for the first time by using spectroscopic imaging sequence
Gineste, Charlotte. "Caractérisation de quatre modèles murins reproduisant des formes humaines légères et sévères de myopathie némaline : une étude anatomique, métabolique et fonctionnelle par spectrométrie et imagerie de résonance magnétique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4115.
Full textNemaline myopathy (NM) is the most common of the non-dystrophic congenital myopathies and is characterized by muscle weakness and accumulation of an electron dense material (rods) within the sarcomeric units. Over the past decade, the generation of mouse models of NM allowed to identify in vitro several physiopathological mechanisms involved, at least in part, in muscle weakness in NM. This project has been devoted to the in vivo phenotypic characterization of the skeletal muscle function of mouse models mimicking mild and severe human forms of NM. Skeletal muscle function was assessed on four mouse models of NM with an original and strictly noninvasive experimental setup designed and built in our laboratory allowing 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigations, including Dixon, T2 mapping and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). Our results suggest that in vitro alterations did not necessarily translate into similar changes in vivo. 31P-MRS illustrated an altered energy metabolism only for the mouse models mimicking severe form of NM. Our Dixon MRI investigations showed that fatty infiltration was negligible. Finally, T2 maps and DTI experiments provided relevant noninvasive and quantitative biomarkers for monitoring the severity and/or the progression of NM in patients
Chatel, Benjamin. "Fonction et métabolisme énergétique musculaires dans un modèle de souris drépanocytaires et identification des mécanismes responsables des échanges des protons entre le muscle et le sang." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0174.
Full textSickle cell disease (SCD) is the most frequent inherited disorder in the world. It is characterized by the synthesis of an abnormal hemoglobin S (HbS) and associated with impairments in oxygen delivery processes. If these abnormalities could impact skeletal muscle, this tissue has been rarely investigated. The aim of this thesis was to investigate muscular function and energetics in response to acute exercise, ischemia – reperfusion and endurance training in a mouse model of SCD, as well as identify the mechanisms involved in proton exchanges between muscle and blood.Sedentary and trained SCD mice were submitted to protocols of rest – stimulation – recovery and rest – ischemia – reperfusion during which muscular force and energetics (by magnetic resonance spectroscopy of phosphorus 31) were measured. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) haploinsufficient mice were also submitted to the stimulation protocol. Several muscles were sampled and permitted to analyze in vitro enzyme activities, content of proteins involved in pH regulation and some markers of oxidative stress.This thesis demonstrated that muscular function and energetics were impaired in SCD mice in response to both exercise and ischemia – reperfusion and that endurance training could alleviate some of these abnormalities, particularly acting on oxidative processes. We have also observed that MCT1 is involved in proton uptake by myocytes at rest, but its action is less important during exercise
Mecheri, Gabriel. "Exploration non-invasive et non-irradiante des métabolites cérébraux du phosphore 31 par imagerie spectroscopique RMN : étude pilote appliquée à la démence de type Alzheimer comparativement au vieillissement cérébral physiologique." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T204.
Full textTonson, Anne. "Exploration non invasive des effets de la croissance et de la maturation sur le muscle squelettique : étude métabolique et fonctionnelle chez l'homme." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22004.
Full textGrowth and maturation are accompanied by important changes in skeletal muscle function (e.g. muscle mass and strength dramatically increase). Moreover, some evidences strongly suggest that maturation significantly affects skeletal muscle function both at the neural drive and energetics levels. For ethical reasons, few studies have been performed in children. Despite their non traumatic aspect the MR techniques, it has been barely used in this context. In this work, the skeletal muscle function of healthy children has been characterized in vivo using MRI and 31P-MRS. Our results refuted the hypothesis of a motor drive immaturity in children. We did not report any change in the relationship between muscle volume measured by MRI and maximum isometric strength or in specific strength from childhood to adulthood. The ability of a given muscle volume to produce force seems not to change during growth. Then, we investigated whether development affects muscle energetics using 31P-MRS comparing prepubescent boys and men. Our results showed that, for a similar total energy cost, the aerobic contribution to ATP production was significantly higher in boys and compensated for by a reduced PCr breakdown while glycolysis was similar whatever the age. In addition, the recovery rate of PCr after the standardized exercise was faster in boys illustrating a higher maximal oxidative capacity before puberty. Finally, our understanding of skeletal muscle function in children is still limited by the difficulty to perform longitudinal studies. In that respect, we have initiated an original protocol allowing the longitudinal investigation of the gastrocnemius muscle throughout development in rat
Wegrzyk, Jennifer. "Wide-pulse, high-frequency electrical stimulation" in humans : Combined investigations of neural and muscular function using electrophysiological and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4080.
Full textConventional neuromuscular electrical stimulation (CONV) is delivered via surface electrodes at short pulse duration (< 400 μs), low frequencies (≤ 50 Hz) and high current intensities. The motor unit recruitment pattern of CONV, however, is different from the pattern of voluntary contractions (VOL) and leads to a hastened onset of muscle fatigue. The use of wide-pulses (1ms), high frequencies (100 Hz) (WPHF) and low current intensities might approach the natural activation pattern of VOL by enhancing the neural contribution to force production. Previous studies investigating WPHF reported progressive and unexpected force increments ("Extra Forces") despite a constant stimulation intensity which might reflect the more pronounced activation of sensory pathways within the central nervous system. The objective of this thesis was to investigate this "Extra Force" (EF) phenomenon and to evaluate the efficiency of WPHF (1 ms pulse duration at 100 Hz) in terms of metabolic demand and neural contribution to force production in comparison to CONV NMES (0.05 ms pulse duration at 25 Hz) and VOL. Our experiments comprised electrophysiological (EMG) and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques (31P spectroscopy of the muscle, functional imaging of the brain). The findings should be considered in future studies investigating the potential of NMES in a clinical context as a treatment for neuromuscular pathologies
Petit, Sébastien. "Interaction d'échanges et résonance magnétique nucléaire du phosphore 31 dans les phosphates de vanadium." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENSL0256.
Full textTriba, Mohamed N. "Étude physico-chimique de bicelles par RMN du phosphore-31." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077188.
Full textBollaert, Pierre-Edouard. "Contribution de la spectroscopie par résonance magnétique nucléaire du phosphore à l'étude du mécanisme des rhabdomyolyses." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10435.
Full textGilard, Véronique. "Hydrolyse d'analogues du cyclophosphamide et métabolisme de l'ifosfamide, médicament antitumoral, suivis par résonance magnétique nucléaire du phosphore-31." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30175.
Full textPerrin, Anne. "Hydroxylases stéroïdogéniques : purification et régulation de la 17[alpha]-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase microsomiale : étude par RMN du phosphore 31 des mitochondries corticosurrénaliennes." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10071.
Full textPimmel, Pierre. "Les antennes en résonance magnétique nucléaire : fonctionnement et réalisation : résonateurs pour l'imagerie et pour la spectroscopie in vivo." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10101.
Full textBélanger, Anne. "Étude de l'orientation magnétique de membranes lipidiques modèles en présence de gramicidine A et d'ions paramagnétiques par résonance magnétique nucléaire du phosphore-31 et du deutérium." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38012.pdf.
Full textLambert, Jean-Marc. "Synthèse d'aminoalkylphosphonates alpha-disubstitués." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20229.
Full textCombes, Chamalet Corinne. "Synthèses de cyclotriphosphazènes à liaisons phosphore-carbone." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20074.
Full textBengourina, Chérif. "Synthèse et étude par spectroscopie UV d'agents complexants organophosphores comportant un ou plusieurs motifs 6,9-diaza-1,3-dioxa-2-thiophosphacycloundecane." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-292.pdf.
Full textLayec, Gwenaël. "Exploration combinée du métabolisme énergétique chez l'homme : standardisation des exercices et facteurs liés au coût énergétique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2008AIX22041.pdf.
Full textThe aims of the present work were to develop a standardised exercise protocol and to investigate the physiological determinants of exercise energy cost, which is commonly defined as the ratio between energy consumption and power output. The first study assessed the reliability of a dynamometric ergometer designed in our lab. [. . . ] The second study was designed to assess the reliability of a large number of commonly used metabolic parameters measured or calculated (as oxidative and anaerobic ATP production) from 31P MRS data during a rest – exercise – ecovery protocol performed 2-months and a year apart. [. . . ] The third study assessed whether quadriceps oxidative and anaerobic ATP production, energy cost (EC) and oxidative capacity (assessed by maximal pulmonary O2 consumption and Pcr resynthesis kinetics) was related to training status. [. . . ]
Bytchkov, Aleksei. "Structure et dynamique d'aluminates fondus et de verres Phosphore-Sélénium : complémentarité de la résonance magnétique nucléaire et de la diffusion des rayons X et des neutrons." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE2008.
Full textMasson, Serge. "Etude par spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire du 31 P et chromatographie HPLC des perturbations du métabolisme hépatique induites pendant l'administration d'éthanol en doses aigue͏̈s." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX11303.
Full textLavanchy, Nicole. "Le métabolisme énergétique du myocarde isolé de rat : la situation ischémique abordée par la spectroscopie de résonance magnétique nucléaire (RMN)." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10055.
Full textPouységu, Laurent. "Détermination structurale de sucres par RMN 29Si,13C et 31P : expériences INEPT et DEPT associées à des simulations de spectres." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10583.
Full textChaumeil, Myriam. "Mesure du métabolisme énérgétique cérébral par RMN du 31P in vivo : validation méthodologique multimodale et application à l'étude de la neurodégénérescence." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112365.
Full textNeuroimaging methods have considerably developed over the last decades and offer various non-invasive approaches for measuring cerebral metabolic fluxes. Among these methods, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has the particularity to directly measure cerebral ATP synthesis, but is still methodologically challenging. In this context, a multimodal neuroimaging study was performed in order to validate the saturation transfer 31P MRS method as a quantitative measurement of brain ATP synthesis. Glucose consumption (CMRglc), TCA cycle flux (Vtca ) and rate of ATP synthesis (Vatp) were measured in primate monkeys using 18F-FDG PET scan, indirect 13C MRS and saturation transfer 31P MRS, respectively. The consistency of these three fluxes with literature and, more interestingly, one with each other, demonstrated the robustness of saturation transfer 31 P MRS for directly evaluating ATP synthesis in the living brain. The potential of 31P MRS was then evaluated on Huntington's disease patients. Stability of metabolic homeostasis, non-significant decrease in Vatp, and significant increase in cerebral pH were shown in HD patient's brain. The increase in cerebral pH, detected for the first time in MH, was correlated with motor scores. Given these results, in order to assess the precocity of pH variations associated with MH, a study was performed on a rodent chronic model of MH. A significant increase in cerebral pH was detected before any lesions evidence, showing the potentiality of pH measurement as early biomarker of MH
Ahadi, Mostafa. "Contribution à l'étude théorique de la relaxation de spin dans les systèmes bidimensionnels en présence d'un potentiel intermoléculaire." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066156.
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