Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spectroscopie Raman'
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Massat, Pierre. "Spectroscopie Raman du supraconducteur FeSe." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC059/document.
Full textThe discovery in 2008 of the iron-based superconductors opened a new field of investigation of high-temperature superconductivity. In particular, the nematic phase of these materials may play a major role in the mecanism of superconductivity. We studied the FeSe compound using Raman spectroscopy, at ambient pressure and under hydrostatic pressure. This material does not display any static magnetic order at ambient pressure and is therefore an excellent choice to study the nematic order. We observed the charge nematic fluctuations. Their evolution in the tetragonal phase proves the existence of an electronic nematic instability, which drives the structural transition. In the orthorhombic phase, the behaviour of the phonons underlines the role of the spin-phonon coupling in the nematic transition. Besides, the shape of the superconducting Raman response is compatible with the existence of two s-wave gaps, one of which is anisotropic. Under hydrostatic pressure, the nematic fluctuations reduce rapidly. The associated electronic quantum critical point is situated at very low pressure, just before the appearance of magnetic order. The nematic fluctuations completely disappear around 2 GPa, when the structural transition changes from second order to first order. An anomaly of the phonons also occurs close to this pressure, which indicates a modification of the electronic structure of the system. Our measurements additionally reveal the existence of a pseudogap. Its temperature of appearance reduces significantly simultaneously to the disappearance of magnetic order, when the critical temperature of superconductivity reaches its maximum. Finally, the Raman response in the superconducting state at 7.8 GPa shows a clear signature of a full gap
Vuiblet, Vincent. "Contribution de la spectroscopie vibrationnelle en néphrologie." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS039.
Full textBackground: Renal biopsy is a main feature of diagnosis and prognosis in nephrology but it still have some limitation which need further techniques to be more reliable. Vibrational spectroscopy (VS) including Raman spectroscopy (RS) and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) bring out some molecular and structural data from tissue analysis. Objective: We aimed to prove VS is able to provide histologic data actually unattainable by classical techniques. Design: We searched in renal biopsies: 1) Exogenous molecules: Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 2) Endogenous molecules: Advanced glycation end-product (AGEs) 3) Reproducible quantification of interstitial fibrosis and inflammation in renal grafts. Results: 1) We reported an accumulation of HES by RS in renal biopsies from patients exposed to this molecule. Moreover, accumulation of HES in renal graft biopsies exposed to HES was dependent on good quality of graft defined by kidney donor risk index and renal function at 3 months. 2) 4 AGEs were mapped and quantified by RS in diabetic and normal glomeruli. Levels of each AGE were higher diabetic glomeruli vs controls. In diabetic glomeruli, some AGEs were collocated with collagen that was not found in normal glomeruli. 3) Interstitial fibrosis (IF) and inflammation were quantified in 166 renal graft biopsies by an automated FTIR technique. We assessed the robustness of this technique for discrimination of fibrosis and inflammation. We proved the clinical relevance of this technique by showing a good correlation of IF with renal graft function. Conclusion: Vibrational spectroscopy is a promising technique for nephrology both in basic research and in clinical practice
Audier, Xavier. "Spectroscopie Raman stimulée rapide et imagerie spectrale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0580/document.
Full textCombining microscopy and spectroscopy, one can achieve spectrally resolved imaging, and provide a solution to various chemical, biological, or medical challenges. Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) has proven extremely valuable in providing chemical information, with a higher resolution and shorter acquisition time than spontaneous Raman scattering. The acquisition rate of the spectral information from a sample remains the limiting factor of CRS imaging, and several experimental schemes are being investigated to push the technology toward higher imaging frame rates. This work develops one such scheme. Combining stimulated Raman scattering (a CRS technique), spectral focusing with chirped pulses, and a fast acousto-optic delay line, we achieved unprecedented spectral acquisition rates. The theoretical, technological, and engineering frameworks enabling such acquisition are described in details. The application to pharmaceutical quality control, time resolved chemical transformations, biology, and histology are demonstrated
Maslova, Olga A. "Spectroscopie et imagerie Raman de matériaux inhomogènes." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2036/document.
Full textThis thesis is aimed at developing methodologies in Raman spectroscopy and imaging. After reviewing the statistical instruments which allow treating giant amount of data (multivariate analysis and classification), the study is applied to two families of well-known materials which are used as models for testing the limits of the implemented developments. The first family is a series of carbon materials pyrolyzed at various temperatures and exhibiting inhomogeneities at a nm scale which is suitable for Raman--X-ray diffraction combination. Another results concern the polishing effect on carbon structure. Since it is found to induce Raman artifacts leading to the overestimation of the local structural disorder, a method based on the use of the G band width is therefore proposed in order to evaluate the crystallite size in both unpolished and polished nanographites. The second class of materials presents inhomogeneities at higher (micrometric) scales by the example of uranium dioxide ceramics. Being well adapted in terms of spatial scale, Raman imaging is thus used for probing their surfaces. Data processing is implemented via an approach combining the multivariate (principal component) analysis and the classical fitting procedure with Lorentzian profiles. The interpretation of results is supported via electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) analysis which enables us to distinguish the orientation effects of ceramic grains from other underlying contributions. The last ones are mainly localized at the grain boundaries, that is testified by the appearance of a specific Raman mode. Their origin seems to be caused by stoichiometric oxygen variations or impurities, as well as strain inhomogeneities. The perspectives of this work include both the implementation of other mathematical methods and in-depth analysis of UO2 structure damaged by irradiation (anisotropic effects, role of grain boundaries)
Riccardi, Elisa. "Spectroscopie raman des excitations électroniques du graphène." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC166/document.
Full textSince its discovery, the exceptional electronic properties of graphene have been studied in an impressive number of academic works, giving birth to a new research field dealing with two-dimensional crystals. Raman spectroscopy is a quick, non-destructive and symmetry-selective way to probe the dynamics of electrons and to their coupling with the other degrees of freedom of a material. Until now, nonetheless, this technique had been almost exclusively reserved to the characterization of graphene's vibrational properties, which probe its electronic properties only indirectly. In this work I unravel the electronic Raman signal of mono- and multi-layer graphene tuning it with a gate voltage. In order to do so, I combined advanced techniques of device fabrication with a Raman microscope specifically designed for this goal. By means of the electric field effect, I identified and quantified for the first time the intensity of the electronic Raman continuum of graphene due to the inter-band transitions through the Dirac cone. The spectra, with the presence of a Pauli blocking of electronic excitations, match perfectly with theoretical expectations. The polarization resolved measurements revealed an original property of Raman spectroscopy: it is a unique probe of chiral electronic excitations. This property, attributed to a quantum interferences phenomenon between scattering amplitudes, opens very interesting perspectives in the study of other two-dimensional crystals and of topological phases
Delhaye, Caroline. "Spectroscopie Raman et microfluidique : application à la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13927/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of a microfluidic platform coupled with confocal Raman microscopy, used in excitation conditions of Raman scattering (Surface enhanced Raman scattering, SERS) in order to gain in the detection sensitivity of molecular species flowing in channels of micrometer dimensions. This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of coupling Raman microscopy / microfluidics for the in situ and local characterization of species and reactions taking place in the fluid flowing in microchannels. We used a T-shaped microchannel, made by soft lithography, in which gold or silver nanoparticles injected at constant speed, in one of the two branches of the channel and a solution of pyridine or pefloxacin in the other one. The laminar flow and the stationarity of the process allowed us to map the mixing zone and highlight the enhancement of the Raman signal of pyridine and pefloxacin, due to the metallic nanoparticles, in the interdiffusion zone. The recording of the both absorption band of the silver nanoparticles (plasmon band) and the Raman signal of pefloxacin, flowing in microchannel, allowed us to establish a link between the shape of the metallic nanostructure, and more precisely the silver nanoparticle aggregation state, and the enhancement of the Raman signal of pefloxacin observed. We then changed the channel geometry to introduce an electrolyte solution (NaCl and NaNO3) and locally modify the surface charge of the colloids. We have put in evidence that the change of the silver nanoparticle aggregation state, induced by the controlled addition of electrolyte solutions, could amplify the SERS signal of pefloxacin and thus optimizing the detection in microfluidics. At last, we established second a approach that consists in the metallic structuring of microchannel walls. This has shown that the surface chemical functionalization through organosilanes (APTES) allowed the pasting of the channel with silver nanoparticles, thus amplifying the Raman signal of the species flowing within the same microchannel
Roig, Blandine. "Caractérisation de tissus cutanés par spectroscopie bimodale : Réflectance Diffuse et Raman." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS031/document.
Full textThis thesis relates to the combination of two in vivo skin characterization techniques. On the one hand, Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) enables skin optical properties characterization by quantifying light absorption and light elastic scattering. On the other hand, Raman microspectroscopy provides information on molecular compositions of tissues with no need of labeling. Localization and quantification functions of Raman microspectroscopy are both distorted in scattering media such as skin. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to assess the effect of light-matter interactions on these functions. A bimodal method is proposed to achieve quantitative biochemical characterization of cutaneous tissues in vivo. The main idea is to develop a procedure of Raman spectra correction based on the quantified optical properties provided by DRS. This work was divided in three complementary approaches: the development of a system enabling diffuse reflectance and optical properties measurements in the same zone as Raman microspectroscopy; the fabrication of optical phantoms improving our knowledge on absorption, elastic scattering and Raman scattering phenomena; and the development of a Raman spectra correction model as function of the skin optical properties given by DRS measurements
Martin, Coralie. "La spectroscopie Raman pour la lutte contre la contrefaçon et pour la sécurisation de la filière vin." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0042/document.
Full textThe economic stakes around the wine are important and lead to many frauds. Many methods of chemical analysis exist, but they are often destructive and invasive. Although Raman spectroscopy is a promising technique, it has never been used for analysis, traceability and anthentication of wines. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate its potential through the study of panel of wines and model solutions. It has been tried to identify, by an approach combining experiment and DFT simulations, the molecular families which lead to the Raman scattering and also to the emission of laser-induced fluorescence
Najjar, Samar. "Couplage AFM/Raman et spectroscopie Raman exaltée par effet de pointe de nanostructures." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869044.
Full textAlkadrou, Abdulsamee. "Spectroscopie Infrarouge et Raman à très haute résolution de la molécule d’éthylène." Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIMS044/document.
Full textThe spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique capable of providing Important Information physical quantities such as concentration, temperature, pressure, ... and other questions about gas.The work presented in this manuscript is devoted to analysis of high resolution infrared and Raman spectroscopy of the ethylene for atmospheric, astrophysical and planetological applications.The work described in this thesis was performed within the "Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique" (GSMA) in the university of Reims Champagne-Ardenne in Reims. In national collaboration with the team (SMPCA) In collaboration in the laboratory "Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne" (ICB) in Dijon, the team (CQP) in the service de "chimie quantique et photophysique" in Brussels. l’Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (CSIC) in Madrid and the members of the line AILES of the Synchrotron SOLEIL in Saint-Aubin.The thesis is structured into 4 main chapters. The first chapter deals with the generality of molecule studied. The second chapter represents the theoretical aspects of the spectroscopy. The third chapter dealing with the explanation of the theoretical model that we used for the analysis and processing of spectra. In the fourth chapter, we present the results of the analysis of the spectrum of the molecule of ethylene in different spectral regions.These results will feed the international databases such as HITRAN (L. Rothmann) and GEISA (Mr. Rotger and CNES), and it can also serve as a data for modeling the start-up AEROVIA initiated by G. Durry, the director of the laboratory. with these data, we can also feed the European database VAMDC
Dorobantu, Ioana-Miruna. "Vinyl chloride polymerization in microdroplet reactor." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0037/document.
Full textVinyl chloride suspension polymerization is a common reaction in polymer industry allowing to obtain one of the world wide most used plastics, known as PVC (polyvinyl chloride). Its applications involve mostly the construction industry but other domains are also concerned. This polymerization process is highly complex due to the toxic nature of the monomer, the good manage of heat transfer and agitation. The control of these process variables directly impacts the characteristics of the final product. Even though the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride has been extensively studied in batch reactors, there is a lack of data regarding the kinetics or the physicochemistry of a single monomer droplet during the reactions. The aim of this present work is to propose a microstructured device which enables obtaining monodisperse droplets within 200 µm in diameter, each one being considered as a polymerization reactor. After a good acknowledgement of the vinyl chloride/water system in microchannel the polymerization reaction was qualitatively described by means of droplet/polymer grain visualization. Real-time non-invasive Raman measurement has been performed on stationary vinyl chloride monomer droplets and has provided values of kinetic constants. A theoretical model was proposed, simulating the reaction conversion in good agreement with the experimental values. The morphologic characteristics of the PVC grains obtained in microreactor presented interesting features in terms of primary particle agglomeration or porosity
Lamy, de la Chapelle Marc. "Etude des nanotubes de carbone par spectroscopie raman." Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT2119.
Full textFotso, Gueutue Eric Stéphane. "Spectroscopie Raman résolue en temps pour les hautes températures." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2023/document.
Full textThis work presents the optimization of a time-resolved Raman spectroscopy device dedicated to very high temperatures. This device meets the ever-increasing need to study in real time phase transformations and reaction kinetics in extreme environments. This device has been validated under working conditions on oxides (Gd₂O3, Y₂O3, ZrO₂ , ZrSiO4 et CeO₂) and nitrides (h-BN). The potentialities of the device have enabled the main technological and instrumental locks that limit the use of high temperature Raman spectroscopy to be removed. The three main highlights illustrating the innovative nature of this work are as follows. The first corresponds to the new world record for high temperature Raman analysis through the acquisition of the E₂g mode of h-BN up to 2700°C.A comparison of the performance of the two Pockels and ICCD channels shows that the Pockels channel is more efficient than the ICCD, but more difficult to implement. The second important fact concerns the other applications of time-resolved Raman, as to separate the contribution of Raman scattering and luminescence. The last application presents the study of the comparative time dependence of resonant and non-resonant Raman scattering. The resonant Raman is triggered systematically before the non-resonant. More generally, the interest of time-resolved Raman methods opens new fields of application in the characterization of materials in extreme conditions, possibly in situ: aeronautics, refractories, steel industry, nuclear, etc
Nicolle, Jimmy. "Étude du graphène sous pression par spectroscopie de Raman." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10227.
Full textThe discovery in 2004 by K. Novoselov et al. of a simple method for the transferred of an atomic carbon layer, called graphene, from the c- face of graphite to a wafer generate a lot of interest in the scientific community, as until this date the graphene was considered as a theoretical compound. Quickly the first experiment on this material highlights interesting electronic, magnetic, and mechanical properties for potential application in the future. This thesis proposes a new way in order to explore these properties, as the pressure was used in order to generate mechanical deformation in the graphene layers, and in order to modify the doping level. Using high pressure experiment coupled with Raman spectroscopy, we show that the mechanical properties of the graphene sample depend on the number of layers, on the condition of compression and on the doping phenomena
Verzhbitskiy, Ivan. "Spectroscopie de Raman de haute sensibilité dans des gaz à effet de serre : bandes de transitions doubles ou harmoniques." Angers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ANGE0076.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis was the understanding, viaspontaneous Raman scattering, of two types of transitions relevant to atmospheric gases: simultaneous transitions and overtone transitions. Regarding simultaneous transitions, the effort was mainly on double incoherent Raman scattering by SF6-N2, in which the two molecules simultaneously undergo a Raman-allowed transition. A highly accurate spectrum was recorded and interpreted quantum-mechanically. Agreement both in moments and in shapes was found with predictions made on the basis of a collision-induced polarizabilily model, provid€'d all Si9Sificant lo•9-ran9e contribul‹Ol0S were incorporated. The polarization mechanisms that survive in the simple model of two point-polarizable molecules were sufficient for the description of the anisotropic component, but, for the realistic description of the isotropic remnant, use of the far more sophisticated "atom-linear molecule" model was needed. In the second part of the thesis, the first overtone of the asymmetric stretch vibration, 2v3, of CO2 was studied. Unlike the previous transitions, which are collision-induced, overtones are allowed lransilions yet in the specific case of the 2v3 overtone the band was almost entirely depolarized, in agreement with the assertion (so far stated and checked for fundamental transition only) that asymmetrical vibrations give rise to depolarized lines. A rigorous protocol was applied to the interpretation of the reCOfded spectra, involving electric, optical and mechanical anharmonic effects and intermode couplings. Complete shape analysis was carried out from first principles to simulate the band profiles and the strong line-mixing effects
Bassil, Ayman. "Spectroscopie Raman des nanotubes de carbone : interaction avec l'environnement." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30131.
Full textJumeau, Richard. "Contrôle avancé de production de polyéthylène par spectroscopie Raman." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0108.
Full textSince its discovery in 1933, polyethylene has known an important global industrial development. Today, Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) suffers from high competition with many polymers. In order to preserve its market shares and meet the exact needs of the customers, more and more precise new generation laboratory controls must be considered in production plants to obtain a product with the best possible quality. This thesis work fits into this context. First, an exploratory study by Raman spectroscopy of the various grades produced by Total Carling, with the precise identification of LDPE peaks, the signature of the various reactives, as well as the thermal behavior of the polymer allows us a microstructural approach of the problem. The results are correlated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) as well as by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Thus the attribution of CH2 bending vibration bands is partially comprehensible from a mechanical point of view and differs from one grade to another, allowing their differentiation by Raman spectroscopy. Beyond the measurement of Melt Flow Index (MFI), Haze and additives concentration, the results of this study show that it is possible to determine and to quantify most of the production flaws (gels, cross-linking, and oxidation types). Consequences on the applicative properties are estimated and causes from within manufacturing process were also investigated
Capitaine, Erwan. "Nouveaux procédés de microspectroscopie Raman cohérent à bande ultralarge." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0114/document.
Full textThe spectroscopy technique based on spontanée Raman Stokes scattering is a standard process used in many fields spanning from thermodynamic and medicine, to materials sciences. An inelastic energy exchange permits to determinate the frequency of the molecular vibrations in an object. One can identify the molecules and thus, can characterize the object of study in a label-free way. Nevertheless, this method is afflicted with faults. Beside the presence of fluorecence that can drown the Raman answer, the main drawback is the long exposition time required. In the case of biological sample, this can prohibit the use of spontaneous Raman scattering for microspectroscopy measures: the spectral mapping of microscopic objects. To avoid this problem, new techniques have been developed. It is the case of Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy. Due to its coherence and its directivity, the anti-Stokes signal has an intensity 105 to 106 times greater than the spontaneous Raman scattering one. The exposition time is then reduced to a tolerable level for biological objects during microspectroscopy measures. Moreover, the anti-Stokes characteristic of the signal prevents the fluorescence contribution. However, a major fault still limits the use of this technique: the nonresonant background. This phenomenon can diminish, even overwhelm the resonant contribution carrying the information. This thesis permitted the development of CARS approaches that allow the reduction of the nonresonant background. To do so, a multiplex CARS (M-CARS) spectroscopy apparatus in a forward configuration has been built. Its abilities are illustrated with spectral measures of mineral, vegetal and biological samples. Based on this system, it has been established an innovative method that can discriminate the resonant signal from the nonresonant one thanks to a static electric field. It has been also been demonstrated the development of a process that has allowed the first M-CARS microspectroscopy measure of a biological sample in a contrapropagative configuration. This setup limits the collect of the signal to the object of study, avoiding the acquisition of the resonant and resonant signals coming from the solvent, responsible for the major part of non resonant background during a CARS measure in a forward configuration
Baron, Denis. "Informatisation en spectromètrie Raman : acquisition et traitement des spectres." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112115.
Full textThis thesis consists of three parts: - the first part describes the hardware used in the laboratory and the realization of the transfer network interconnecting the various systems. – The second part shows how the physical signal can be modified at each step of the detection pathway. The Raman spectrometer pathway consists of one or more gratings, a detector and an amplifier with linear filtering and analogical-digital conversion. Various digital filtering of the signal are also discussed. – In the third part the realization, in the laboratory, of the computerization of three Raman spectrometers is exposed as well as the specificity of each apparatus and the encountered problems
Kowalewski, Patrick. "Etude du pigment malarique par microspectrométrie Raman de résonance : Réalisation de composés modèles : mu-oxo ferriporphyrines." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10027.
Full textVasseur, Emmanuel. "Mise au point d'une procédure de dosage de TiO2 par spectrométrie Raman : Etude du processus de rutilisation dans un four industriel." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10157.
Full textWang, Qiuping Alexandre. "Mesures spectroscopiques sous hautes pressions : application a l'etude des transitions de phases des tetrafluoroaluminates et a l'etude des niveaux d'energie de eu3+ dans lnox:eu (ln=la, gd, y et x=f, cl, br)." Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA1016.
Full textFanjoux, Gil. "Effets des collisions moléculaires sur les spectres anisotropes Raman stimulé de N#2 et de CO#2, et sur les spectres isotropes DRASC du mélange O#2-H#2o." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOS036.
Full textDubois, François. "Étude par spectroscopie Raman de la corrosion d’aciers à ressorts de suspension automobile." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0003.
Full textThe aim of this study was to improve our description of the corrosion process of helical suspension spring steels. A review of the articles about corrosion of low alloyed steels alloyed us determine the major corrosion products, their typical repartition and mechanisms that lead to an increase in corrosion rate during wet-dry cycles. But there stood unsolved questions about these mechanisms and relative influences of alloying elements in the problem we were interested in. We have investigated the ability of Raman spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and XR diffraction through characterizing pure powders and mixtures of reference compounds. Tools and experimental routes have been developed in order to study cross sections of corroded samples. Lepidocrocite, which is said to play an important role in corrosion mechanisms during wet-dry cycles, had been studied: an attribution of Raman modes is proposed. The study of corrosion scales that grow on 10 different steel grades allowed us to confirm the global repartition of corrosion products after salt spray treatment. A spall of corrosion products that have been removed from the steel substrate is made up of lepidocrocite in the outer part, goethite deeper in the oxide interface on every grade after 14 cycles. The appearance of akageneite in these areas suggests a propagation step close to what is known for pitting corrosion on stainless steels. Differences between corrosion of resistant and less resistant steel grades had been enlightened in the corrosion products on flatter parts of the metal oxide interface after more than 14 cycles. Maghemite and goethite are the major components in these parts on the less corrosion resistant steel grades, and an unidentified compound that has a new Raman spectrum is significantly detected in these flatter parts on most resistant grades. Mono alloyed steels are tested in corrosion under salt spray conditions. We pointed out enrichments in alloying elements of some iron oxides, especially a chromium enrichment in the new compound that covers the whole metal oxide interface on the Cr-grade. A prediction model for atmospheric corrosion has been adapted to describe corrosion of spring steel grades in salts spray cyclic conditions. The beneficial effect of chromium, nickel, titanium and phosphor on corrosion resistance was confirmed, and a harmful effect of molybdenum was pointed out in these very aggressive conditions
Goullet, Antoine. "Dynamique de réseau de la berlinite : activité infrarouge et Raman." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20145.
Full textBondu, Flavie. "Etude de la conformation d’adsorption de l’acide isonicotinique sur Au <111> par spectroscopie d’impédance-Raman et modulation de capacité." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066268.
Full textRaman spectroscopy gives chemical identification of interfacial species while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) brings information about their kinetic of reaction. Orientation modification of a molecule adsorbed on an electrode surface (determined by Raman spectroscopy) must induce variations in the double-layer capacitance. This can be studied by the capacitance modulation method which allows for the determination of its value at high frequency when the capacitance modulated at low frequency. This work aims at studying the variations in the coverage rate of isonicotinic acid (INA) adsorbed on Au <111> by the dynamic coupling of Raman-impedance and double layer capacitance modulation. During this work, we developed a device which allows coupling of these two techniques. It has been validated by the use of passive circuits. We also determined the changes in INA orientation at the electrode surface with potential and studied the associated variations of the double layer capacitance. Although we were not able to establish the nature of the interactions between the double layer capacitance and Raman spectra variations, we have shown that they are both exhibit maxima in the same potential range
Tabyaoui, Abdelmoumen. "Spectroscopie Raman stimulé à très haute résolution : application aux molécules toupies sphériques lourdes." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS009.
Full textYolou, Séri. "Analyse vibrationnelle et structurale de diacides aliphatiques oxo et gem-dimethyle substitués et de leurs sels alcalins en solution aqueuse." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON13520.
Full textArab, Youssef. "Détermination des décalages spectraux au moyen de l'aire absolue de la différence des spectres en diffusion Raman." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20167.
Full textMerad, Laarej. "Etude par Spectroscopie Raman et Modélisation d'une Resine Composite RTM." Phd thesis, Université de Metz, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00562474.
Full textTerki-Hassaïne, Mounir. "Étude à haute résolution du cyclopropane par spectroscopie Raman stimulé." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS046.
Full textBreitenstein, Jacques. "Etude par spectroscopie raman de conducteurs organiques unidimensionnels, (tmtsf) 2x." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077179.
Full textAssaf, Ali. "Détection des microorganismes pathogènes par spectroscopie Raman appliquée en agroalimentaire." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT2113.
Full textThe microbiological safety is a major concern for all actors in the food chain who require reliable and rapid methods to ensure the innocuousness of their manufactured products. Our project aim to develop a procedure based on Raman spectroscopy for the identification of pathogens in the food industry. The bibliographic research present the advantages of this technique, nevertheless, all presented studies prove its low application in the food processing compared to the other industrial areas. Many factors are also not yet studied to confirm its direct application in the regulations. Firstly, we studied the factors influencing the spectral fingerprint of microorganisms. These studies show that discrimination between bacteria depends on their physiological states. A quality criterion has been established to increase the distinction between analyzed species. In a second step, our works is focused to simplify the steps of regulation by proposing several ways of identification. The first way shows the direct analysis of bacterial colonies after the different stages of enrichment and isolation of bacteria. In the other hand, we propose the direct capture of bacteria by antibody-coated surfaces. These different tracks were then validated by analysis of many industrial samples. The obtained results show that Raman spectroscopy meets the requirements recommended by the food manufacturers but the analysis should follow a standardized procedure
Boudart, Bertrand. "Qualification de substrats de phosphure d'indium par spectroscopie Raman visible." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR13061.
Full textMerad, Laarej. "Etude par spectroscopie Raman et modélisation d'une résine composite RTM." Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ002S/document.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript is a contribution to the study of these structures RTM Raman microscopy, to measure parameters such as curing, the identification of chemical compounds, contamination, uniformity as addenda but ... also on the use of these measures in the framework of a numerical modelling of these structures. This Thesis is a program for replacing the current intrusive, destructive and indirect measurement in-situ Raman via a sensor implanted in the equipment and system construction in an industrial environment. With the aim of optimization processes such as manufacturing wind turbine blades, bridges boat guarantee and quality criteria of technical parts with high added value and to optimize the physical and chemical related to the mission implemented in tooling
Terki, Hassaïne Mounir. "Etude à haute résolution du cyclopropane par spectroscopie Raman stimulé." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376102709.
Full textBreitenstein, Jacques. "Etude par spectroscopie Raman de conducteurs organiques unidimensionnels (TMTSF)x." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612327x.
Full textHaidar, Israa. "Nouvelles plateformes plasmoniques pour la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC307.
Full textThe design of novel plasmonic platforms for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) constitutes a very active field of research in nanosciences. Such platforms can be used for the detection and identification of various analytes at very low concentration, through a huge amplification of the Raman signal, resulting from the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances. The main objective of my phd is to develop and to characterize new SERS substrates obtained by chemical assembly (surface functionalization) of nanoparticles with controlled hot spots. Design of such substrates contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of electromagnetic enhancement considered at the origin of the SERS effect
Alaouta, Cherine. "Imagerie moléculaire pour la nano-théranostique : approche par spectroscopie Raman." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMP201.
Full textAlthough cancer treatment has seen considerable progress, resistance to anticancer therapies remains a major cause of treatment failure. One approach to address this challenge is drug squalenization, a method that involves covalently attaching squalene to active pharmaceutical compounds, thereby generating powerful anticancer agents with self-assembly capabilities. In this study, Raman microspectroscopy was utilized to investigate the effects of the anticancer drugs Gem and DXF, along with squalenized nanoparticles (non-deuterated and deuterated GemSQ, and SQDXF), on breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) and colon carcinoma cell lines (HT-29 and HCT-116).Both Gem and DXF exhibit weak Raman cross sections, making them difficult to detect using Raman spectroscopy at physiological concentrations due to their nucleoside-analogue structures and low fluorescence quantum yield. To enhance the detectability of Gem, it was conjugated with deuterated squalenic acid, producing an analogue with a distinct spectral signature in the 2000-2300 cm⁻¹ range, free from interference by endogenous cell molecules. However, this strategy was not feasible for DXF, and the detection of SQDXF nanoparticles was instead achieved by monitoring their subcellular effects.The results provided valuable insights into the interactions between the drugs and key cellular components such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids, with the findings being linked to the cytotoxic effects of the compounds. This research opens up promising new avenues in nanomedicine
Mainreck, Nathalie. "Apport potentiel de la spectroscopie Raman dans le traitement chirurgical des carcinomes cutanés (CBC)." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS028/document.
Full textBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer and a major problem for healthcare services worldwide. BCC rarely metastasizes but can become highly damaging for surrounding tissue in case of late diagnosis. Actually, the gold standard for BCC diagnosis relies on histopathological assessment of thin sections, but it is an invasive method which provides a delayed response. Moreover, it will be helpful during surgery of BCC to assess in real-time the optimal size of the security margins, which has to be small enough to minimize aesthetic sequelae but sufficient to avoid recurrence. The aim of this work is to evaluate the potential contribution of Raman spectroscopy in the management of BCC. This technology can be applied in vivo thanks to the development of appropriate probes and allows a relatively rapid tissue exploration at a molecular level. A total of 32 patients were included in this study. From in vivo recorded spectra, a model of discrimination BCC / healthy skin was implemented, from which the width of excision margins was evaluated. Deep margins were also studied after recording spectra on freshly excised pieces. Discriminant Raman markers were identified at different levels in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro; they are potential bio-indicators to help the surgeon to define ideal excision margins. In addition, the contribution of spectral backgrounds, usually removed from Raman analysis, was considered and their interest in this project was discussed
Costanzo, Salvatore. "Synthèse, caractérisation et spectroscopie de nanoparticules de Co et (coeur) Co / (coquille) CoO auto-organisées." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066190/document.
Full textOne of the present challenges in the field of nanomaterial chemistry is to develop strategies aimed at controlling not only the growth of metal nanoparticles (NPs), but also their long-distance organization. Another important goal is controlling the oxidation of NPs and especially the formation of complex oxides having a core (metal) @ shell (metal oxide) architecture. In this context, by revisiting micellar synthesis, a strategy based on the modification of solvent-controlled ligand-ligand interactions was established, following the modeling of the Hansen solubility, of controlling the size of cobalt NPs (3.8 nm to 9.1 nm). Dodecanoic acid NPs passives and protects from oxidation and coalescence (TEM & SAXS control). Hexagonal lattice monolayers and face-centered 3D fcc superlattices were obtained. Using two oxidation strategies combined with annealing, dry and in solution, core / shell NPs: Co (ferro) @CoO (antiferromagnetic)/ were prepared with a polycrystalline metal core cfc or monocrystalline hcp. The preliminary study of the magnetic properties (SQUID) shows that the Co / CoO interface favors a moderate ferromagnetic / antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. Raman spectroscopy, a non-invasive method, under different laser excitations allows the simultaneous analysis of the metal particle (phase control and measurement of diameters from Lamb's modes), coating agent and its interaction with the NP and the possible oxide shells (CoO/CoOH, CO3O4) as well as the dynamics of the dodecanaote chains. Infrared analysis indicates hydroxylation of the unoxidized NPs. The vibrational techniques appear well adapted to the multi-scale control of NPs assemblies and supracrystals
Grichine, Alexeï. "Imagerie spectrale confocale : développement et applications à l'étude des mécanismes d'action photodynamique de nouveaux sensibilisateurs." Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE2003.
Full textRaffaelly-Veslin, Laure. "Étude physico-chimique et structurale de verres d'oxydes : application aux verres archéologiques." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10055.
Full textThis work was dedicated to the study of the influence of composition and thermal history on the physico-chemical properties of silicate glasses, by Infra-Red, Raman and Brillouin spectroscopies. Structural modifications due to the composition are studied by the evolutions of vibrationnal spectra. Then thermal history of glass is first studied by numerical simulations. The fictive temperature is a characteristic parameter of structural relaxation and thermal history of glass. The evolution of spectra with the fictive temperature is studied: calibration curves are drawn. The studied silicate glasses have a normal behaviour; on the contrary of silica which is an anomalous glass. The calibration curves were used to determine the fictive temperature of unknown samples and particularly of archaeological glasses. The aim was to know which process was used to manufacture Roman panes. Finally other works on the non destructive study of decolorizing process of Roman glass by luminescence are also presented
Courtecuisse, Stéphane. "Utilisation de la spectroscopie Raman à pression et températures élevées pour la détermination de propriétés spécifiques de molécules explosives : application au nitrométhane." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132001.
Full textMillot, Guy. "Spectroscopie par effet Raman stimulé dans les gaz : détermination des formes de raies des molécules N2 et CO2Etude à haute résolution de l'isotope du méthane 13CD4." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS045.
Full textHoussenbay, Sabine. "Etude par XPS et spectroscopie Raman de l'élaboration de catalyseurs d'hydrodéazotation "NiO - MoO3" sur de nouveaux supports." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10066.
Full textBijeon, Jean-Louis. "Etude théorique et expérimentale de l'effet Raman augmenté sur des substrats constitués de particules métalliques de taille submicronique." Dijon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989DIJOS010.
Full textRoqueta, Christian. "Analyse qualitative et quantitative des caroténoïdes du plasma sanguin par spectrométrie Raman de résonance." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10046.
Full textLocoge, Nadine. "Étude de quelques intermédiaires réactionnels d'un composé alpha-dicarbonyle, le benzile, par spectrométrie Raman de résonance résolue dans le temps." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10013.
Full textBenbouazza, Abderrafiâ. "Étude par spectrométrie Raman de résonance de l'état triplet T1 et du radical cation de l'amine : 4(N,N-diméthylamino)biphényle." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10001.
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