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Journal articles on the topic 'Speculative Literature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Simsek, Alp. "The Macroeconomics of Financial Speculation." Annual Review of Economics 13, no. 1 (August 5, 2021): 335–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-092120-050543.

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I review the literature on financial speculation driven by belief disagreements from a macroeconomics perspective. To highlight unifying themes, I develop a stylized macroeconomic model that embeds several mechanisms. With short-selling constraints, speculation can generate overvaluation and speculative bubbles. Leverage can substantially inflate speculative bubbles, and leverage limits depend on perceived downside risks. Shifts in beliefs about downside tail scenarios can explain the emergence and the collapse of leveraged speculative bubbles. Speculative bubbles are related to rational bubbles, but they match better the empirical evidence on the predictability of asset returns. Even without short-selling constraints, speculation induces procyclical asset valuation. When speculation affects the price of aggregate assets, it also influences macroeconomic outcomes such as aggregate consumption, investment, and output. Speculation in the boom years reduces asset prices, aggregate demand, and output in the subsequent recession. Macroprudential policies that restrict speculation in the boom can improve macroeconomic stability and social welfare.

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2

Verene. "Speculative Philosophy and Speculative Style." CR: The New Centennial Review 16, no. 3 (2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/crnewcentrevi.16.3.0033.

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3

Higgins and O'Connell. "Introduction: Speculative Finance/Speculative Fiction." CR: The New Centennial Review 19, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/crnewcentrevi.19.1.0001.

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4

Harris, P. A., and G. Ellermann. "Speculative Romanticism." SubStance 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 154–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/ss.44.1.154.

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5

Klein, Lauren F. "Speculative Aesthetics." Early American Literature 51, no. 2 (2016): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eal.2016.0020.

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6

Grogan, Tess. "Speculative Bill." Spenser Studies 34 (January 2020): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/706524.

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7

Rowland, R. "Review: Speculative Shakespeare." Cambridge Quarterly 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/34.1.79-a.

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8

Andreou, Elena, Nikitas Pittis, and Aris Spanos. "On Modelling Speculative Prices: The Empirical Literature." Journal of Economic Surveys 15, no. 2 (April 2001): 187–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00136.

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9

Cordell, Ryan. "Speculative Bibliography." Anglia 138, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2020-0041.

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AbstractThis article proposes speculative bibliography as an experimental approach to the digitised archive, in which textual associations are constituted propositionally, iteratively, and (sometimes) temporarily, as the result of probabilistic computational models. Speculative bibliography is offered as a complement to digital scholarly editing, and as a direct response to the challenges of scale and labour that will make comprehensive editing of digital archives impossible. Rather than acting on specific, individual texts, a speculative bibliography enacts a scholarly theory of the text through a computational model, reorganising the archive to evidence a particular idea of textual relation or interaction. Such models, in which textual relationships are determined by formal, internal textual structures, constitute bibliographic arguments that can be verified, amended, extended, or contested on either humanistic or computational grounds.

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10

Glyn Morgan. "“Speculative Fiction”: Conference Report." Science Fiction Studies 38, no. 3 (2011): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.38.3.0567.

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Dubey, M. "Speculative Fictions of Slavery." American Literature 82, no. 4 (January 1, 2010): 779–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-2010-045.

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12

Almeida, Sandra Regina Goulart. "Geographies of old olaces and bodies: revisioning Caribbean literature written by women." Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 19, no. 1 (January 31, 2009): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.19.1.181-193.

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Resumo: O presente ensaio discute uma possível revisão da literatura caribenha contemporânea por meio da “ficção especulativa” produzida por mulheres. Ao analisar como essas escritoras procuram unir aspectos tradicionais da literatura caribenha com um discurso distópico e questionador, este ensaio aborda essa ficção especulativa produzida na diáspora, a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero, focalizando o romance Midnight Robber, da escritora caribenha-canadense Nalo Hopkinson.Palavras-chave: literatura caribenha; ficção especulativa; gênero.Abstract: This essay discusses how speculative fiction produced by women writers has revisited contemporary Caribbean Literature. By analyzing how these writers combine traditional aspects of Caribbean literature with a dystopian and transgressive discourse, this text addresses the questionings proposed by women writers from a gender perspective, focusing on the novel Midnight Robber by the Caribbean-Canadian writer Nalo Hopkinson.Keywords: Caribbean literature; speculative fiction; gender.

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13

Bosteels, B. "The Speculative Left." South Atlantic Quarterly 104, no. 4 (October 1, 2005): 751–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-104-4-751.

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14

Letkemann. "A Spectacle of Speculative Architecture." Science Fiction Studies 47, no. 1 (2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.47.1.0125.

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15

Wanzo, Rebecca. "The Unspeakable Speculative, Spoken." American Literary History 31, no. 3 (2019): 564–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajz028.

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Abstract Exploring various absences—what is or should not be represented in addition to the unspeakable in terms of racial representations—is the through line of three recent books about race and speculative fictions. Mark C. Jerng’s Racial Worldmaking: The Power of Popular Fiction (2018) argues racial worldmaking has been at the center of speculative fictions in the US. In Posthuman Blackness and the Black Female Imagination (2017), Kristen Lillvis takes one of the primary thematic concerns of black speculative fictions—the posthuman—and rereads some of the most canonical works in the black feminist literary canon through that lens. Lillvis addresses a traditional problem in the turn to discussions of the posthuman and nonhuman, namely, what does it mean to rethink black people’s humanity when they have traditionally been categorized as nonhuman? Sami Schalk’s Bodyminds Reimagined: (Dis)ability, Race, and Gender in Black Women’s Speculative Fiction (2018) speaks to the absence of a framework of disability in African American literature and cultural criticism. In addressing absence—or, perhaps silence—Schalk offers the most paradigm-shifting challenge to what is speakable and unspeakable: the problem of linking blackness with disability and how to reframe our treatment of these categories.

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16

Bailey, Phillip, and Peter S. Rogers. "Proust: Speculative Scripture." South Central Review 13, no. 1 (1996): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3189925.

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17

Dempsey, Sean. "Speculative Formalism: Religion and Literature for a Postsecular Age." Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory 32, no. 2 (April 3, 2021): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10436928.2021.1901199.

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18

Christensen, Jerome. "Byron's Career: The Speculative Stage." ELH 52, no. 1 (1985): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2872828.

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19

Aloi, Giovanni. "Speculative Taxidermy: Inscribing Vulnerability." Configurations 27, no. 2 (2019): 187–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/con.2019.0012.

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20

Gemeda, Bedane S., Birhanu G. Abebe, Andrzej Paczoski, Yi Xie, and Giuseppe T. Cirella. "What Motivates Speculators to Speculate?" Entropy 22, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22010059.

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Land speculation that occurs on the urban border can be very problematic to the healthy development of cities—critical to economic growth. Speculative land investors, concerned with profits from trading in landed property, can especially affect developing countries where regulation is often poorly controlled and overly bureaucratic. An investigation into the factors motivating land speculators operating in the urban fringe of the city of Shashemene, Ethiopia is examined. The paper, in addition to contributing to the literature, is the second-known attempt and extension of the authors’ pilot research to study the behavior of land speculators in the urban fringe of a growing Ethiopian city. A theoretical framework and conceptual breakdown are put together with historical reference to early land speculation examples. Two questionnaires were separately administered with a representative random sample of 159 members from the local land developer association (i.e., investors) and 24 senior officials from the study area. A principal component analysis categorized the most significant dynamics in controlling land speculation procurements. Results indicated motivational reasoning as the prime cause for speculative activities. Evidence indicated that land speculation is a critical dynamic for self-worth especially with business-oriented persons. Entropy, the disorder of the communicative data, suggests a possible rethinking of the way government should intervene in the urban property market. As such, developmental smart cities in Ethiopia must thoroughly consider the dynamisms of speculative activities and its effects on local housing as it moves forward–in the 2020s.

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21

Sugden, Edward. "The Speculative Economies of Sheppard Lee." Nineteenth-Century Literature 74, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2019.74.2.141.

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Edward Sugden, “The Speculative Economies of Sheppard Lee” (pp. 141–166) In this essay I provide a reading of Robert Montgomery Bird’s Sheppard Lee (1836) that places it against the speculative economy of 1830s America. The novel is, formally and intellectually, a product of and meditation on economic speculation. It dwells upon the ways in which a transition from an agrarian economy into finance capitalism impacts the body. Where many accounts of Sheppard Lee emphasize embodiment as the central issue of the novel, this essay instead insists on disembodiment, demonstrating how the entry into a transregional, virtual economy of stocks and shares, debts, loans, and mortgages dissolved embodied identity. Such a dissolution came, however, with a possible utopian element, encoded within capitalism, of there being an economic form that did not depend on the exploitation and mining of the labor-power of bodies. Yet this fantasy of worklessness, the novel suggests, will always require a space of civil death in which those without rights are relentlessly used for their economic value only. Overall, this reading of the novel modifies a metanarrative about the relationship between capitalism and the imagination in nineteenth century. Rather than literature providing a stable basis for social values disrupted by capitalism, instead a novel like Sheppard Lee suggests that the form of the novel is more suited to capturing the chaos of dislocation, meditating on unactivated historical possibilities latent within capitalism, and internalizing short-term cycles of economic change.

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22

Rafikov, Ildus, and Buerhan Saiti. "An analysis of financial speculation: from the Maqasid Al-Shari’ah perspective." Humanomics 33, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 2–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/h-10-2016-0077.

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Purpose This paper aims to discuss the topic of financial speculation with special reference to forex and offers an analysis from the Maqasid Al-Shari’ah perspective, whereby authors propose to limit the outreach of speculative instruments in the financial markets. Design/methodology/approach The authors will make use of a simple textual analysis of existing materials and documents. To come up with conclusions, relevant to this study and to make them credible enough, the authors will undertake to review the existing literature in the next part of the paper and will later present his analysis of findings in light of financial crises and the objectives of Shari’ah. Findings The Maqasid Al-Shari’ah approach used in the analysis suggests that speculative financial instruments do not constitute a necessity, and their harmful practice must be limited to protect the religion, life, lineage, intellect and property. Originality/value Financial speculation in general and foreign exchange in particular must be regulated. Their current practices of financial system pose significant challenges for entire economies as well as individuals. Muslims should also avoid speculative financial instruments, such as forex, because they are a clear threat to individual and state wealth and prosperity. In addition, they threaten traditional businesses and social norms in Muslim societies.

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23

Curtis, Abi. "Freud's Uncanny and Speculative Elegy." Oxford Literary Review 42, no. 2 (December 2020): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/olr.2020.0313.

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24

Burger, Bibi. "Engaged Queerness in African Speculative Fiction." Scrutiny2 25, no. 2 (May 3, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18125441.2020.1859772.

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25

Aaron F. Hodges. "Martin Hägglund's Speculative Materialism." CR: The New Centennial Review 9, no. 1 (2009): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ncr.0.0057.

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26

Pattison, George. "Kierkegaard and Speculative Theology." Hegel Bulletin 28, no. 1-2 (2007): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263523200000628.

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In recent years, the long-standing philosophical and religious duel between ‘Hegel’ and ‘Kierkegaard’ has quiedy transmuted into something that, if still far from an amicable resolution, is something much less black and white. We are, of course, collectively grateful to Jon Stewart for demonstrating not only something of the extent to which ‘Kierkegaard's relation to Hegel’ needs to be re-envisaged as ‘Kierkegaard'srelationsto Hegel,’ but also that, often, even mosdy, the passages where Kierkegaard is seemingly attacking Hegel are actually directed against one or other, often Danish, representative of Hegelianism — above all, against J. L. Heiberg and H. L. Martensen. As a biographical narrative, this is largely beyond dispute — though, as many of Stewart's critics have noted, this does not necessarily lead, as he himself suggests, to the elimination of crucial philosophical differences between the two erstwhile protagonists.In this paper, I accept Stewart's point that Kierkegaard's reception of Hegel is inseparable from his multiple receptions of Hegelianism. I shall, however, offer a particular focus on a part of the story that, I believe, still remains under-represented in the secondary literature, namely, Kierkegaard's early response to a number of those theologians often referred to as ‘Right’ Hegelians. This focus calls for a revision of Stewart's emphasis on the relation to Heiberg and Martensen as the decisive factor in Kierkegaard's anti-Hegelianism.

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Flood, Robert P., and Robert J. Hodrick. "On Testing for Speculative Bubbles." Journal of Economic Perspectives 4, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.4.2.85.

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The possibility that movements in prices could be due to the self-fulfilling prophecies of market participants has long intrigued observers of free markets. This paper surveys the current state of the empirically-oriented literature concerning rational dynamic indeterminacies, by which we mean a situation of self-fulfilling prophecy within a rational expectations model. Empirical work in this area concentrates primarily on indeterminacies in price levels, exchange rates, and equity prices. We first examine a particular type of explosive indeterminacy, usually called a rational bubble, in an example of the market for equities. Then, we consider empirical work relating to price-level and exchange-rate indeterminacies and empirical studies of indeterminacies in stock prices. Finally, we take up some interpretive issues.

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28

Nilges. "The Realism of Speculation: Contemporary Speculative Fiction as Immanent Critique of Finance Capitalism." CR: The New Centennial Review 19, no. 1 (2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/crnewcentrevi.19.1.0037.

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29

Seo-Young Chu. "Special Issue of American Literature on “Speculative Fictions.”." Science Fiction Studies 39, no. 1 (2012): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.39.1.0168.

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30

Zahlan, A. B. "Industrializing the Arab world: a speculative case study." Contemporary Arab Affairs 7, no. 4 (October 1, 2014): 565–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550912.2014.950081.

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Some of the challenges facing Arab countries could be solved if their economies were industrialized. They have made much progress in some fields, but have failed so far to industrialize. While this is obviously a complicated issue, there are, at the same time, many countries that have been very successful in doing so. Speculating about such complex issues is nothing new. A reader of Western literature is daily confronted with speculative articles on the rise or fall of American power. A number of writers appear to be concerned that China will soon displace the United States as the number 1 superpower. (For a review of three books by Edward Luce on this subject, see Financial Times February 2, 2014.) Some thoughtful writers propose various possibilities on some countries’ readiness to assume roles that may lead to a new political world order. Other writers frequently speculate on China possibly lacking sufficient creativity to displace the United States from its privileged position. There are no simple answers to such complex issues. Concern for the rise and fall of nations is of constant interest in Western literature, but by contrast concern in the Arab world is limited in scope and depth to the ultimate development of their own region. What is surprising in the Arab world is that despite the prevailing conditions the Arabs enjoy through their enormous assets, they seem oblivious to the rich possibilities that these resources provide. Arab countries are confronted with expanding populations, education, emigration and unemployment. It seems that unless they adopt a more serious interest in the challenges they face, they will be unable to escape from a state of permanent crisis. The purpose of this article is to speculate on the feasibility of utilizing the Gulf Cooperation Council's (GCC) railway system – estimated at approximately US$200 billion – as a tool for achieving industrialization. The railway system will be 1940 km long and include all GCC countries.

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31

Esterhammer, Angela. "Speculation in the Late-Romantic Literary Marketplace." Victoriographies 7, no. 1 (March 2017): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2017.0255.

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Late-Romantic writers were explicitly engaged with the marketplace, and this involvement shows itself in the themes and genres of their work. Literature of the 1820s, in particular, responds to the distressing economic events of that decade, which experienced a cycle of rampant speculation followed by a stock-market crash in 1825–6. This article examines allegories and analyses of speculation in texts by Byron, John Galt, Walter Scott, and Willibald Alexis, together with the Poyais scandal, a notorious example of real-world financial speculation. Combining fact and fiction, these rapidly written texts are early examples of ‘speculative fiction’ that illustrate the dynamics of speculation as a self-perpetuating performance that is sustained by belief and vulnerable to contingency.

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32

RENNIE, N. "Between Pascal and Mallarme: Faust's Speculative Moment." Comparative Literature 52, no. 4 (January 1, 2000): 269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/-52-4-269.

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33

Kotecki. "Apocalyptic Affect in Nnedi Okorafor's Speculative Futures." Research in African Literatures 51, no. 3 (2020): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.51.3.09.

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34

I. Ivanov, Stoyu. "Analysis of the impact of improved market trading efficiency on the speculation-hedging relation." Journal of Risk Finance 15, no. 2 (March 17, 2014): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-11-2013-0077.

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Purpose – In this study, the author aims to examine the behavior of QQQ options at the time of the QQQ move from AMEX to NASDAQ on December 1, 2004. The author addresses the questions: is there a relation between hedging and speculation, if such a relation exists considering the improvement in market trading efficiency after the QQQ move did the relation between speculative demand for options and hedging demand for options strengthen at the time of the QQQ move, if such a relation exists does hedging activity follow speculative activity. Design/methodology/approach – The author uses the fact that deep-out-of-the-money puts are used for hedging, whereas deep-out-of-the-money calls are used for speculation. The author uses spectral analysis on QQQ options in the attempt to answer the research question. The author uses spectral analysis because the data in the study are non-normally distributed which would make parametric testing meaningless. Findings – The author finds that indeed the relation between speculative demand and hedging demand for options exists and strengthens after the consolidation of trading on NASDAQ and that hedging follows speculation. The fact that this relation exists is economically meaningful in that this is established for the first time empirically in support of the theoretical models predicting this relation's existence. Originality/value – Market participants on both the speculation side of the investment spectrum, such as hedge funds, and hedging side of the investment spectrum, such as mutual funds and money managers, would be interested in this topic and the findings of this paper. The main contribution of this study is in examining the relation between differential demand for options by using the non-parametric tools of spectral analysis. This helps extend the understanding of exchange traded funds' (ETF') option behavior and contributes to this strand of the ETF literature.

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35

Stockwell, Peter. "Schema Poetics and Speculative Cosmology." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 12, no. 3 (August 2003): 252–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09639470030123005.

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Speculative cosmology is a sub-genre of science fiction that particularly focuses on the difficulties for the deployment of existing knowledge in reading. This article assesses the usefulness of competing models of world-monitoring in order to arrive at a usable framework for discussing the particular issues in science fictional reading. It is suggested that schema theory, while containing many flaws in general, nevertheless offers an appropriate degree of delicacy for the exploration of sf. Schema poetics - the application of the theory to the literary context - is used to discuss speculative cosmology, with a focus on the work of the Australian sf writer Greg Egan. The analysis investigates the connection between stylistic form and schema operation, and proposes an explanation of `plausibility'. Specifically, sf tends to provide a readerly counterpart in the text, and thereby dramatizes schema refreshment as if it were mere schema accretion.

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36

Etherington, Ben. "World Literature as a Speculative Literary Totality: Veselovsky, Auerbach, Said, and the Critical-Humanist Tradition." Modern Language Quarterly 82, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 225–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00267929-8899139.

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Abstract This essay revisits critical-humanist approaches to literary totality that have largely been sidelined during the recent revival of world literature studies. While there has been no shortage of defenses of close reading in the face of distant reading and other positivist approaches, this essay argues that it is precisely the hermeneutic attention to particular works that has allowed critical humanists to think about literary practice within the most encompassing purview. For those in this tradition, “world literature” can never be a stable object but is a speculative totality. The essay discusses three exemplary critical concepts that assume a speculative epistemology of literary totality: Alexander Veselovsky’s “historical poetics,” Erich Auerbach’s “Ansatzpunkt,” and Edward Said’s “contrapuntal reading.” Each, it is argued, is grounded in the distinctive qualities of literary experience, a claim for which Theodor Adorno’s account of speculative thinking serves as a basis.

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Allan, Angela S. "“Our Sense of Purpose”: Speculative Fiction and Systems Reading." Novel 52, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 406–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00295132-7738578.

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Abstract This article reads Michael Crichton's Jurassic Park (1990) and Chang-rae Lee's On Such a Full Sea (2014) as works of speculative fiction that engage with the scientific concept of “the system” that emerged during the latter half of the twentieth century. It tracks this history, showing how ecologists and engineers generated their own speculative fictions of possible dystopian futures—environmental collapse, depletion of resources, and overpopulation—through models of dynamic systems. In turn, works of speculative fiction also began to borrow these models for understanding their own relationship to the world around them. This article argues that Jurassic Park and On Such a Full Sea reject the possibility of representing reality as a way to understand what a novel is. While speculative fiction primarily has been read as a popular vehicle for political critique, this article suggests how genre fiction can also generate new forms of literary critique and systems of reading.

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Fry, John, and Jean-Philippe Serbera. "Quantifying the sustainability of Bitcoin and Blockchain." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 33, no. 6 (March 18, 2020): 1379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-06-2018-0134.

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PurposeThe authors develop new quantitative methods to estimate the level of speculation and long-term sustainability of Bitcoin and Blockchain.Design/methodology/approachThe authors explore the practical application of speculative bubble models to cryptocurrencies. They then show how the approach can be extended to provide estimated brand values using data from Google Trends.FindingsThe authors confirm previous findings of speculative bubbles in cryptocurrency markets. Relatedly, Google searches for cryptocurrencies seem to be primarily driven by recent price rises. Overall results are sufficient to question the long-term sustainability of Bitcoin with the suggestion that Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash and Ripple may all enjoy technical advantages relative to Bitcoin. Our results also demonstrate that Blockchain has a distinct value and identity beyond cryptocurrencies – providing foundational support for the second generation of academic work on Blockchain. However, a relatively low estimated long-term growth rate suggests that the benefits of Blockchain may take a long time to be fully realised.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to an emerging academic literature on Blockchain and to a more established literature exploring the use of Google data within business analytics. Their original contribution is to quantify the business value of Blockchain and related technologies using Google Trends

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39

Rasmus, Jack. "Speculative Capital, Financial Crisis and Emerging Epic Recession." Critique 37, no. 1 (February 2009): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03017600802598179.

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40

Reeves, Nancee. "EUTHANASIA AND (D)EVOLUTION IN SPECULATIVE FICTION." Victorian Literature and Culture 45, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 95–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150316000450.

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In the latter part of thenineteenth century future or speculative fiction became big business in Britain. It was a safe haven for invasion narratives, for socialist paradises or hells, for worlds ruled by benevolent machines, or worlds ruined by mechanical dependence. Themes and plots were varied, but they always reflected some facet of contemporary society. The future was not a bubble, untouched by time or trouble, but a field of battle, where ideas could be tested and philosophies given a test drive. The future was a place where the mistakes or triumphs of today dictated the course of human progress. I argue in this essay that the nascent ideas about euthanasia of the early and middle Victorian period became full-fledged philosophies in the late-Victorian period and that Malthusian philosophy and Darwinian-informed theories were manipulated by novelist and theorist-turned- novelists, resulting in euthanasia becoming a tool in class warfare and in the fight to eradicate social undesirables for their good and for the good of society.

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41

Fischer, Noah. "Performance Breakthrough 2036 (A Speculative Fable)." Theater 49, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 41–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01610775-7855848.

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42

BAER, WILLIAM C. "Is speculative building underappreciated in urban history?" Urban History 34, no. 2 (June 20, 2007): 296–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926807004658.

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The building industry's organization has been relatively invariant down through history due to housing's unique characteristics: durability, fixity in location, complex co-ordination of various trades on site and financing its great costs. That organizational form has allowed speculative development to flourish periodically during large increases in urban population, despite considerable risk. The same building and speculative processes occurred in ancient Rome and cities in England and the US at greatly different periods of time but those histories do not acknowledge the similarities of development processes that each reports. A separate ‘housing literature’ that steps back from particulars possibly explains why these accounts are so alike.

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Brzezicka, Justyna. "Speculative Bubbles and their Components on the Real Estate Market–A Preliminary Analysis." Real Estate Management and Valuation 24, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/remav-2016-0008.

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Abstract Various speculative phenomena arise on the real estate market, and the speculative bubble (SB) is one of the best known events of the type. Speculative bubbles still have many unidentified components, and are characterized by high research potential due to the multiple factors responsible for bubble creation, as well as considerable practical implications on account of the multivariate results describing the real estate market (REM) and its surroundings. Speculative price bubbles are associated mainly with changes in price trends on the real estate market. A thorough analysis of a speculative bubble over time demonstrates trend changes also in other research categories which constitute bubble components and elements of the real estate market and its surroundings. The above criteria were used to identify a new research category termed speculative bubble components (SBC). The research hypothesis states that speculative bubbles should be analyzed based not only on prices, but also on bubble components. The objectives of this study were to: 1) classify speculative phenomena on the REM, 2) describe a speculative bubble based on market prices and SBC, and 3) present the results of a study evaluating speculative bubble components in relation to market prices, and discuss the trajectories of the analyzed research categories over time. This study attempts to determine whether a speculative bubble can be analyzed in view of its components, and which elements of the real estate market and its surroundings can be classified as SBC. Attempts were also made to identify a research method that supports the identification of SBC variables and classification of variables into groups, and explains market prices in view of the identified variables and groups. The research relies on a review of literature in the theoretical part and statistical analyses in the experimental part. The results will broaden our knowledge of the mechanisms behind speculative phenomena on the real estate market.

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Cooper, Samuel. "SPECULATIVE FICTION, ECOCRITICISM, AND THE WANDERINGS OF ODYSSEUS." Ramus 48, no. 2 (December 2019): 95–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rmu.2019.13.

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While it is dangerous to generalize about so vast a field as Homeric scholarship, it is perhaps safe to say that before the 1970s interpretation of the Wanderings of Odysseus was dominated by the larger question of the Odyssey’s moral and theological coherence, particularly as this pertains to the justice of Odysseus’ and his companions’ sufferings. The controversy between Analysts and Unitarians did much to determine how this question was asked and answered, with Analysts viewing moral incoherence as a symptom of multiple authorship and Unitarians striving to demonstrate coherence. First-generation anthropology introduced the idea that incoherence might reflect not (only) different authors, but (also) different stages of cultural development. This development was conceived mainly as an advance from primitive ‘savagery’ to more enlightened ‘humanity’, albeit with a tinge of nostalgia for savagery's more holistic ecological consciousness.

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Fornoff, Carolyn. "Álvaro Menen Desleal’s Speculative Planetary Imagination." Revista Canadiense de Estudios Hispánicos 44, no. 1 (May 22, 2021): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/rceh.v44i1.5900.

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Science fiction has long held a marginalized status within the Latin American literary canon. This is due to myriad assumptions: its supposed inferior quality, sensationalist content, and disconnect from socio-historical reality. In this article, I argue for the recuperation of Salvadoran author Álvaro Menen Desleal as a foundational writer of Central American speculative fiction. I explore why Menen Desleal turns to sci-fi - abstracting his fictive worlds to far-off futures or other planets - at a moment when the writing of contemporaries of the Committed Generation was increasingly politicized and realist. I argue that Menen Desleal’s speculative planetary imagination toggles between scaling up localized concerns and evading them altogether to play with “universal” categories. By thinking with the categories of the human or the planet from an ex-centric position, Menen Desleal playfully appropriates generic convention, only to disrupt it from within.

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Schnepf, J. D. "Collaborative Futures: Arts Funding and Speculative Fictions." Review of International American Studies 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/rias.9995.

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According to scholars of literary sociology, US arts institutions—from the federal government to the writers’ colony to the creative writing program—have been central to the shaping of US literature for the better part of a century. This paper offers a preliminary investigation of the global crowdfunding platform Kickstarter as an emerging arts institution. Drawing on Kim Stanley Robinson and Marina Abramović’s artistic collaboration as a case study, the paper argues that the appearance of the Marina Abramović Institute (MAI) in Robinson’s novel New York 2140 troubles the author’s stated generic commitments to “realist speculative fiction”—fiction that bases its vision of the future on the state of things in our present. In addition to furnishing uncertain conditions of production for the novel, Kickstarter’s funding model solicits short-form speculative fiction organized around neoliberal selfhood from its artists. With the assistance of Kickstarter’s networked platform, the MAI’s capital campaign reimagined private funding as public performance art, as dutiful civic engagement, and as reward for artists willing to narrate entrepreneurial optimism.

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Davis, Larose. "Future Souths, Speculative Souths, and Southern Potentialities." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 1 (January 2016): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.1.191.

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This is a moment for relentless forward gazing, an impulse already evident, for example, at two conferences in 2013: race in space, a gathering at Duke University, where Mae Jemison spoke about her project 100 Year Starship, and the meeting of the South Atlantic Modern Language Association, with the theme of making meaning in networked worlds. In several ways, the path that I want to propose for southern studies and particularly the study of southern literature is inflected by the conversations at these conferences. It is also informed by my tangential interest in speculative fictions—not necessarily of the literary variety—and by a desire to see more scholarship that goes beyond underscoring the tensions and anxieties of various Souths, scholarship attuned to the generative possibilities and (I, perhaps naively, suggest) the hopes that might emerge from the sites that we call Souths.

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Porée, Marc. "What if?: The Speculative Turn of Will Self’s Fiction." Études anglaises 68, no. 2 (2015): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/etan.682.0196.

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Bryce. "African Futurism: Speculative Fictions and “Rewriting the Great Book”." Research in African Literatures 50, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.50.1.01.

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Bollinger, Laurel. "Placental Economy: Octavia Butler, Luce Irigaray, and Speculative Subjectivity." Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory 18, no. 4 (December 4, 2007): 325–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10436920701708044.

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