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1
Øygarden, Jon. "Norwegian Speech Audiometry." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for språk- og kommunikasjonsstudier, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-5409.
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A new set of speech audiometry for Norwegian - called "HiST taleaudiometri" - has been developed by the author of this thesis ("HiST" being short for the Norwegian name of Sør-Trøndelag University College and "taleaudiometri" being Norwegian for speech audiometry). The speech audiometry set consists of five-word sentences, three-word utterances, monosyllabic words, monosyllabic words for testing children and numrals. The process of developing the speech audiometry set is presented in this thesis. The five-word sentences are of the form Name-verb-numeral-adjetive-noun. Hagerman developed this sentence type for Swedish speech audiometry in the 1980s, but for Norwegian the sentences were developed using a new diphone-splitting method. For each word category ten alternatives exist, makings it possible to generate a number of lists with the same phonemic content but with different sentences. A noise was developed from the speech material. This is intended for use together with the speech for the purpose of speech recognition threshold in noise measurements. The material is very suitible for performing repeated measurements on the same person, which is often a requisite for hearing aid evaluation or psychoacoustical testing. The three-word utterances are of the form numeral-adjective-noun. The words are identical with the last three words used in the five-word sentences. The three-word utterances are intended for speech recognition threshold measurement. The noise developed for five-word sentences can be used together with the three-word utterances for speech recogniton threshold in noise measurements. Monosyllabic word lists were developed mainly for the purpose of measuring maximum speech recogniton score or the performance-intensity function. The recorded lists earmarked for testing children were developed by Rikshospitalet University Hospital in Oslo. The numrals used in the "HiST taleaudiometri" set are the numerals that were recorded by Sverre Quist-Hanssen for his speech audiometry. The numerals are organized in groups of three ( digit triplets).
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James, Christopher John. "The application of computers to speech audiometry." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304868.
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Hart, Lauren Alexandra. "Development of Thai Speech Audiometry Materials for Measuring Speech Recognition Thresholds." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2546.pdf.
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Al, Matar Waseem. "Speech Audiometry: Arabic Word Recognition Test for Adults." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1627046045659542.
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Stadler, Svante. "Probabilistic Modelling of Hearing : Speech Recognition and Optimal Audiometry." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10386.
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Mak, Cheuk-yan Charin. "Effects of speech and noise on Cantonese speech intelligibility." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37989790.
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Mak, Cheuk-yan Charin, and 麥芍欣. "Effects of speech and noise on Cantonese speech intelligibility." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37989790.
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Mangum, Tanya Crawford. "Performance Intensity Functions for Digitally Recorded Japanese Speech Audiometry Materials." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd838.pdf.
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Alisaputri, Marina. "Development of bisyllabic speech audiometry word lists for adult Malay speakers." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/16343.
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Standardised speech audiometry material is essential in assessing hearing for speech; however, material in Malay language, particularly for speech reception threshold test, is limited and not thoroughly validated. This thesis examines the development of standardised, phonemically-balanced bisyllabic Malay speech reception threshold (SRT) test word lists for Malay-speaking adults. The effect of having a mixture of familiar and nonsense words on speech recognition is also explored. The processes of developing the word lists include selecting and compiling the words using content analysis research method, testing for homogeneity and consistency and validating the acoustic content, both using correlational research method, and assessing the clinical validity using concurrent validity method. The familiar words were selected from a corpus of familiar words extracted from daily newspapers while the nonsense words were formed based on linguistic properties of Malay. The preliminary set consisted of fifteen lists with 10 familiar words and 5 nonsense words in each. The analyses of the findings show consistency of speech discrimination using the word lists using Friedman test to have statistically no significant difference in correct scores achieved using any of the word lists, Χ2 = 19.584, p>0.05. Homogeneity test for all lists using Cronbach’s alpha showed a value of 0.78, indicating a strong agreement and good homogeneity among the lists. When five lists with inter-item correlation ≤0.8 were excluded from the homogeneity analysis, the alpha value for the remaining 10 lists increased to 0.88. Consistency analysis of acoustic content using repeated measures ANOVA showed no significant difference between the list and the LTASS, F=1.229, p>0.05. All 15 lists were then tested for clinical validity. Two versions of list content were assessed, an all-words version (AWL) containing all 15 words each list, and a meaningful-words only version (MWL) containing 10 meaningful words for each list. Correlation analyses between half peak level (HPL) of the speech recognition curve and pure tone (PT) thresholds showed that, in consideration of both normal hearing and hearing impaired listeners, the HPL correlated best with PT average of 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz for both AWL (r = 0.67 to 0.95) and MWL (r = 0.65 to 0.95). A comparison between HPL and PT average of 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz showed mean differences of 4 dB (SD = 3) and 3 dB (SD = 4) with the range of tolerance (95% confidence) of ±7 dB and ±8 dB for AWL and MWL respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values, when set at tolerance level of ±10 dB, were mostly >0.90 for normal hearing and hearing loss listeners using either versions. It was concluded that the addition of nonsense words does not significantly affect SRT. The correlation between the SRT obtained using the bisyllabic Malay word lists and the PT thresholds suggested that the word lists were robust enough to be used in assessing speech hearing clinically. In conclusion, the current study has achieved to develop and produce a standardised, phonemically balanced bisyllabic Malay speech audiometry (BMSA) word lists for assessing speech reception threshold and discrimination in adult Malay speakers.
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Taylor, Brandon Brian. "Development of Psychometrically Equivalent Speech Audiometry Materials for Measuring Speech Recognition Thresholds in Native Tagalog Speakers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3348.
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In addition to the use of pure-tones for testing hearing, speech signals are highly valuable diagnostic tools for identifying and evaluating hearing impairment. Speech audiometry involves the implementation of such signals in the measurement of hearing acuity. One aspect of speech audiometry involves assessment of the speech recognition threshold (SRT) which evaluates an individual's ability to hear and understand speech. While live speech has been used in the past to assess SRT, recorded materials are preferred and have been shown to be advantageous over live speech. High-quality digitally recorded speech audiometry materials have been available in English for some time, but assessment of individuals using speech materials from a language that they do not speak natively has been shown to be both inadequate and inaccurate. Speech audiometry materials have recently become available in many languages. Currently, however, there are no known published recordings for assessment of SRT in the Tagalog language. The goal of this study was to develop psychometrically equivalent speech audiometry materials for measuring speech recognition threshold in Tagalog. During this study Tagalog words were initially recorded by a native speaker selected for accent and vocal quality. The words were reduced down to 90 words to be evaluated in the study. Each of the 90 trisyllabic words were evaluated at 2 dB increments from -10 to 16 dB HL by 20 native Tagalog speakers, all having normal hearing. Based on the results, 34 trisyllabic Tagalog words were selected based on their familiarity to native listeners, relative homogeneity with regards to audibility and psychometric function slope. Each word was then adjusted to make the 50% performance threshold equal to the mean PTA of the 20 research participants (4.3 dB HL). The final edited words were then digitally recorded onto compact disc for distribution and for use in assessing SRT in native Tagalog speakers worldwide.
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Caldwell, Meghan Elizabeth. "Development of Psychometrically Equivalent Speech Audiometry Materials for Testing Children in Mongolian." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3139.pdf.
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Kruger, Emma Lilian. "Samoan Speech Audiometry: Developing Word Recognition Materials for Native Speakers of Samoan." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2250.
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Hearing can be evaluated through the presentation of tones or speech. Speech audiometry determines an individual's speech recognition threshold and word recognition score. Traditionally these materials were developed using familiar, frequently used, monosyllabic words. Currently, there are various types of word recognition materials including those which use word lists, short half-lists, and materials which use sentences level stimuli with competing noise. Word recognition materials were first developed in Standard American English; today, materials are now readily available in many other languages. When possible, word recognition materials are developed digitally to standardize their presentation. Currently, no recorded word recognition materials are commercially available for native speakers of Samoan. Bisyllablic words were chosen, rated, recorded, and prepared for subject testing. All subjects were native speakers of Samoan with adequate hearing, meeting required standards for audiological research. Results indicated that no significant differences were found among bisyllabic word lists or half-lists developed in the current study. Subject word recognition performance and psychometric function slopes were comparable to the results of other related studies. All materials were recorded onto CD and made commercially available. It is hoped that this resource will aid trained professionals in the diagnosis and remediation of hearing loss in Samoan-speaking individuals.
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Jennings, Lara-Jill. "Psychometrically Equivalent Digital Recordings for Speech Audiometry Testing in Mandarin Chinese: Standard Mandarin Dialect." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1124.pdf.
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Ng, H. N. Elaine. "Effects of noise type on speech understanding." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37990159.
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Ng, H. N. Elaine, and 吳凱寧. "Effects of noise type on speech understanding." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37990159.
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Slade, Katie Bedke. "Speech Reception Threshold Materials for Taiwan Mandarin." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1379.pdf.
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Keller, Laurel Anne. "Psychometrically Equivalent Trisyllabic Words for Speech Reception Threshold Testing in Spanish." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2776.pdf.
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Smurzynski, Jacek, Anna Fabijanska, and Krzysztof Kochanek. "Extended High-frequency Audiometry and DPOAEs in Patients with Unilateral Tinnitus." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2202.
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Friesen, Lendra M. "Speech-evoked auditory potentials in cochlear implant listeners /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8239.
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Morris, Sherry G. "Speech reception via bone conduction." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3908.
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the performance-intensity function for spondees delivered via bone conduction (using the Radioear E-72 and Pracitronic KH-70) differed from the performance-intensity function for air conduction (using TDH-39 earphones). A secondary consideration addressed in this study was the comparison of the discrimination scores using the three transducers. Performance-intensity functions for spondee thresholds were calculated on 12 normal hearing subjects using two bone conduction vibrators, the Radioear B-72 and Pracitronic KH-70, and TDH-39 earphones. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the performance-intensity function of speech via bone conduction as compared to speech via air conduction. Also, there was no difference between the Radioear b-72 and Pracitronic KH-70 bone conduction vibrators. Discrimination scores also gave similar results between transducers. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the use of speech tests, such as the speech reception threshold and discrimination tests, which were originally designed for use via air conduction can safely be used for bone conduction.
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Fabijańska, Anna, Jacek Smurzyński, Stavros Hatzopoulos, Krzysztof Kochanek, Grażyna Bartnik, Danuta Raj-Koziak, Manuela Mazzoli, et al. "The Relationship Between Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions and Extended High-Frequency Audiometry in Tinnitus Patients." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1991.
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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and extended high-frequency (EHF) thresholds in a control group and in patients with normal hearing sensitivity in the conventional frequency range and reporting unilateral tinnitus.
MATERIAL/METHODS: Seventy patients were enrolled in the study: 47 patients with tinnitus in the left ear (Group 1) and 23 patients with tinnitus in the right ear (Group 2). The control group included 60 otologically normal subjects with no history of pathological tinnitus. Pure-tone thresholds were measured at all standard frequencies from 0.25 to 8 kHz, and at 10, 12.5, 14, and 16 kHz. The DPOAEs were measured in the frequency range from approximately 0.5 to 9 kHz using the primary tones presented at 65/55 dB SPL.
RESULTS: The left ears of patients in Group 1 had higher median hearing thresholds than those in the control subjects at all 4 EHFs, and lower mean DPOAE levels than those in the controls for almost all primary frequencies, but significantly lower only in the 2-kHz region. Median hearing thresholds in the right ears of patients in Group 2 were higher than those in the right ears of the control subjects in the EHF range at 12.5, 14, and 16 kHz. The mean DPOAE levels in the right ears were lower in patients from Group 2 than those in the controls for the majority of primary frequencies, but only reached statistical significance in the 8-kHz region.
CONCLUSIONS: Hearing thresholds in tinnitus ears with normal hearing sensitivity in the conventional range were higher in the EHF region than those in non-tinnitus control subjects, implying that cochlear damage in the basal region may result in the perception of tinnitus. In general, DPOAE levels in tinnitus ears were lower than those in ears of non-tinnitus subjects, suggesting that subclinical cochlear impairment in limited areas, which can be revealed by DPOAEs but not by conventional audiometry, may exist in tinnitus ears. For patients with tinnitus, DPOAE measures combined with behavioral EHF hearing thresholds may provide additional clinical information about the status of the peripheral hearing.
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Ratclilff, Rose. "Psychometrically equivalent bisyllabic words for speech reception threshold testing in Arabic /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1418.pdf.
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William, Gerard. "Learning outcomes of speech audiometry virtual patient use for expert and novice audiology students." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Communication Disorders, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9063.
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Rationale:
Audiology student training in New Zealand faces many difficulties with a limited number of qualified instructors and suitable external placements. With a continued shortage of audiologists in New Zealand, new methods of training need to be introduced and implemented. One solution is through the use of realistic, computer-based virtual patient simulators (VPS). HIT Lab New Zealand in conjunction with the University of Canterbury has designed a VPS for New Zealand audiology students. A speech audiometry component is to be developed based on best practice recommendations, and needs to be validated.
Method:
Two studies, one with 18 Master of Audiology (“expert”) and another with 18 (“novice”) undergraduate students, were evenly divided into simulator and non-simulator user groups. Simulator users had to complete 5 virtual patient cases in addition to the non-simulator users’ requirement to refer to provided lecture notes and speech audiometry protocols. Novice students were assessed on declarative, procedural and retained knowledge of speech audiometry; expert students were additionally assessed on training transfer. The intervention period was set at two weeks, and the retention assessment at four weeks post-intervention.
Results:
Expert students who used the simulator significantly improved their training transfer skills. No significant differences were found between and within groups for declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge. Training transfer and procedural knowledge were retained for both groups, but only non-simulator users retained declarative knowledge.
Novice students who used the simulator significantly increased their declarative knowledge. Both groups’ procedural knowledge significantly regressed post-intervention. Declarative and procedural knowledge were retained for both groups.
Implications:
Simulator use appears to accelerate learning outcomes otherwise achievable through traditional learning methods, and does depend on the users’ existing knowledge base. Regular use may be necessary to retain desired learning outcomes. Improvements (e.g., more detailed feedback systems) are to be incorporated into the simulator, and sole reliance on the simulator for learning is not recommended. Future research into more holistic aspects of virtual patient use within the field of audiology and allied health care is warranted.
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Sincock, Brenna Peggy. "Clinical applicability of adaptive speech testing : a comparison of the administration time, accuracy, efficiency and reliability of adaptive speech tests with conventional speech audiometry." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2157.
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Adaptive procedures are a common method of investigating sensory abilities in research settings; however, their use in clinical settings is more limited. Little research has been done investigating the implementation of adaptive procedures into Audiological speech tests, and to date, no studies have compared and evaluated adaptive speech tests with current clinical speech audiometry. This study investigated the advantages of using both closed-set and openset adaptive speech tests in the clinical Audiology setting, with respect to administration time, accuracy, efficiency and reliability. Preliminary testing of the two major adaptive procedures (staircase and maximum-likelihood procedures) was conducted using a selection of different parameters chosen on the basis of the results of previous research (Kaernbach, 1991; García- Pérez, 1998) to determine the optimal procedures and parameters for use in clinical speech tests. Focus was given to the staircase procedures, with comparisons made between tests using variations in step size – constant step sizes and larger step sizes at the beginning – and different termination criteria. It was found that both adaptive closed-set staircase tests (with both step size variations) performed similarly, whereas the adaptive open-set staircase test with larger step sizes at the beginning showed advantages over the equivalent constant step size test in terms of administration time, accuracy and efficiency. The maximum-likelihood QUEST procedure showed advantages over the staircase procedures in terms of administration time; however, the reliability of both this test and conventional speech audiometry was poor, indicating that these tests are not the most suitable tests for a clinical setting. Subsequent clinical testing of the optimal adaptive speech tests using participants with varying degrees of hearing loss found that administration time was similar between conventional speech audiometry and the adaptive closed-set staircase tests when the optimal termination criteria identified in the Preliminary Testing Phase were employed. The adaptive open-set staircase test with larger step sizes at the beginning showed the best accuracy of any of the tests when using the pure-tone average as a reference, while the efficiency of all the adaptive staircase tests was similar. Overall, the results highlight some of the potential advantages of adaptive speech testing in the clinical Audiology setting; however, further studies are required to determine the specific parameters that achieve the best results.
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Lavoie, Kimberly J. "High Frequency Pure Tone Audiometry and High Frequency Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions: A Correlational Analysis." PDXScholar, 2003. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1688.
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Previous studies show that pure tone thresholds are strongly correlated with distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes when evaluating the frequency range from 1 to 8 kHz (Avan & Bonfils, 1993). Little is known about correlations between these two measures at higher frequencies from 9-16 kHz. This study compared pure tone thresholds and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in this high frequency range for 29 normal hearing subjects ages 18-30. Pure tone thresholds were obtained at 250-16 kHz and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) 2,211-17,675 were measured in the same ears. DPOAE amplitudes were measured using a constant F1/F2 ratio of 1.2, with F2 values ranging from 2,211-17,675 Hz. Data obtained from 50 ears showed a decline in DPOAE amplitude with increasing frequency of the F1 and F2 primary stimulus tones. Behavioral thresholds demonstrated an increase with increasing frequency of the pure tone stimulus. Pearson r-correlation analysis demonstrated a weak relationship between measures. Further investigation revealed that equipment variables prevented accurate readings.
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Yip, Ki-chun Charis, and 葉琪蓁. "Effects of noise on speech understanding in individuals with moderate to severe hearing loss." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44489948.
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Gilbert, Kristen Nicole. "Psychometrically Equivalent Bisyllabic Words for Speech Reception Threshold Testing in Mongolian." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2877.pdf.
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Grobler, Isabella Johanna. "Speech motor development of Afrikaans speaking children aged four to seven years." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2000. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01112007-154045.
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Gama, Márcia Regina. "Desenvolvimento e estudo comparativo de listas de palavras para uso na medida do limiar de reconhecimento de fala em crianças de 5 a 7 anos de idade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-23022005-150900/.
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O trabalho teve como objetivo geral discutir a construção de listas de palavras para uso na medida do teste de Limiar de Reconhecimento da Fala (LRF) em crianças com idade entre 5 e 7 anos. O grupo de sujeitos foi constituído por alunos de pré-escola e da 1ª série do ensino fundamental de escolas da rede pública da cidade de Itatiba, São Paulo, otologicamente normais. O trabalho foi estruturado em 3 etapas. A primeira etapa relacionou-se com a construção das listas de palavras experimentais trissilábicas paroxítonas denominadas de LE1 e 2, constituídas a partir de um levantamento feito com programas e filmes infantis de maior audiência pelos grupos etários estudados. Das 672 palavras obtidas, 35 trissílabas paroxítonas foram selecionadas, formando duas listas em ordem aleatória. As listas LRS 1 e 2 foram utilizadas para comparação e retiradas de Russo e Santos (1993), seguindo os mesmos critérios de elaboração. Na segunda etapa, as listas de palavras foram gravadas em estúdio profissional, por um locutor do sexo feminino nativo do português brasileiro. Na terceira etapa o material desenvolvido foi aplicado em um grupo de 94 crianças de 5 a 7 anos de ambos os sexos. Os resultados, na análise quantitativa, não mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as variáveis listas, orelhas, faixa etária, ordem de apresentação e sexo. Os resultados do LRF (em deciBel Nível de Sensação) obtidos com as listas LE e LRS situaram-se entre -10 e +15dBNS com média de 4,3dBNS para orelha direita e 4,4dBNS para orelha esquerda. Os dados indicaram que as listas desenvolvidas para a obtenção do LRF, em crianças na faixa etária do estudo, são válidas para este fim. A análise qualitativa indicou algumas das estratégias utilizadas pelos sujeitos no reconhecimento auditivo das palavras da lista E1.This study provides a discussion about a word list construction to use in the speech recognition threshold. The chosen subjects are pre and first year school children from the Basic Education at public schools in Itatiba, São Paulo Brazil, otologically normal. The study comprises three stages. The first one was the construction of paroxytone trisyllabic word lists called LE1 e 2, consisted of a survey done with juvenile programs and films of bigger audience by the aged studied groups. From the 672 words, 35 paroxytone trisyllables were selected, forming two lists in a random order. The LRS 1 and 2 were used for comparison and they were got from Russo e Santos (1993), following the same criteria. In the second stage, the word lists were recorded in a professional studio by a native speaker. In the third stage, the developed material was applied in a group with 94 children. The results didnt show differences statistically significant among the varied list, the ear, the aged group, the presentation order and the sex. The SRT (dBNS) results obtained with the LE and the LRS lists were placed among -10 and +15 dBNS. The data indicated that the developed lists to obtain the SRT in these children are valid.
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Roets, Rozelle. "Spraakoudiometrie in Suid-Afrika ideale kriteria teenoor kliniese praktyk /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10302006-153701.
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Smurzynski, Jacek, Anna Fabijanska, Krzysztof Kochanek, and Henryk Skarzynski. "Extended High-frequency Audiometry and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Normal-hearing Patients with Unilateral Tinnitus." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2201.
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Some tinnitus patients have normal hearing on the conventional audiogram. It has been suggested that the presence of a limited area of damaged outer hair cells (OHCs) with intact inner hair cells, which is not detected on the audiogram, results in unbalanced neural activity between Type I and Type II fibers leading to tinnitus. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) provided ambiguous data of OHC function in normal-hearing tinnitus patients when compared to non-tinnitus controls. It is known that hearing loss in the extended high frequency (EHF) region may decrease DPOAEs evoked at lower frequencies. Results of EHF audiometry in tinnitus patients are limited. The aim of the study was to evaluate DPOAEs and EHF thresholds in normal-hearing patients reporting unilateral tinnitus in left ear. Thus, each subject acted as their own control. Data were obtained for 25 subjects with bilateral hearing thresholds 3dB. Median audiometric data showed that thresholds in the left ears were significantly higher than those in the right ears at all four EHFs. Mean DPOAE levels of the left ears were lower than those of the right ears in the frequency range above 1 kHz. Additionally, a paired-comparison test of DPOAE levels of each patient’s right and left ear revealed significant differences at 6, and 8 kHz. The results indicate that: 1. OHC impairment in the most basal region reduces contribution to more apically generated DPOAEs; 2. OHC impairment in a limited area, which may be revealed by DPOAEs but not by conventional audiometry, can contribute to tinnitus generation; and 3. patients with unilateral tinnitus and normal hearing on the conventional audiogram are likely to demonstrate hearing loss in the EHF region.
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Weisleder, Pedro 1959. "COMPARATIVE INTELLIGIBILITY FUNCTIONS AND SOME NORMATIVE DATA OF FOUR SPANISH WORD RECOGNITION ABILITY LISTS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276520.
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The investigator evaluated a commercially available Spanish word recognition ability test. The material consists of four lists of fifty bisyllabic tetraphonemic Spanish words available from Auditec of St. Louis as: "Spanish speech discrimination lists 1-4". Interlist equivalence, word difficulty, speaker's intelligibility, and P/I functions' slopes were investigated. Taped lists were presented to 16 normal hearing native Spanish speaking adults at four presentation levels. Statistical analysis indicated that the intelligibility of list three is significantly different than the other lists at the.05 level. At the low presentation levels, subjects of Mexican origin obtained better scores than subjects of other nationalities. The P/I functions' slope (4.3%) was comparable to that obtained by investigators of English tests. Most frequently missed words have as common denominators: presence of the /s/ sound, and are words that retain their meaning even after deletion of final /s/. Talker's speech intelligibility was judged to be very clear.
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Ritchie, Pamela S. "Intelligibility of spondees via bone conduction at elevated presentation levels." PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4150.
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Speech reception threshold testing by bone conduction is very useful in diagnostic audiometry. However, there are little data regarding the CID W-1 spondee word lists used with the Radioear B-71 and B-72 and Pracitronic KH 70 bone conduction vibrators at higher presentation levels for testing hearing impaired clients. Data are needed in order that results of speech reception thresholds using the CID W-1 word lists via these three bone conduction vibrators at higher intensity levels can be used confidently in the clinic. More data are available for speech reception thresholds using the CID W-1 word lists via earphones.
This study compared speech intelligibility presented via bone conduction at higher intensity levels to that presented via earphone at higher intensity levels.
Twelve normal hearing adults, with thresholds artificially elevated by binaural speech noise masking to simulate a hearing impairment, were used as subjects. Recorded CID W-1 spondee word lists were presented via four transducers: Radioear B-71, Radioear B-72, and Pracitronic KR 70 bone vibrators, and a TDH-39 earphone. Investigation of each bone conduction vibrator was accomplished by using forehead placement and using binaural speech noise masking via earphones. Investigation of the earphone was accomplished by simultaneously presenting binaural speech stimuli and speech noise masking.
Spondees from the CID W-1 word lists were presented to the subject via a transducer. A bracketing technique was used to estimate the speech reception threshold. Using the intensity level of the predetermined SRT as 0 dB, each list was presented at one of the following levels: +4, +2, O, -2, -4, and -6.
Performance-intensity functions, the percentage of correctly identified spondees as a function of presentation level, were obtained for each transducer. The percentage of spondees correctly identified increased with the stimulus level for all transducers.
Using linear regression, the line of best fit was calculated for each subject's data under each transducer condition. A one way analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference in the slopes of the performance-intensity functions of the transducers. A follow-up test for the one way analysis of variance indicated that there was a signficant difference between the TDH-39 earphone and each of the bone conduction vibrators. There were no significant differences among the bone conduction vibrators.
Results of the study suggested that CID W-1 word lists and the 50 percent criterion may be inappropriate for use with these bone conduction vibrators at higher intensity levels. Given that there was a preponderance of data points below 50 percent for the bone vibrators, a criterion of less than 50 percent might be more appropriate. Because presentation levels might be elevated for sensorineural hearing impaired listeners, their SRT performances could be affected. Consequently, the results of speech reception threshold testing via bone conduction at higher intensity levels should be interpreted with caution in clinics.
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Weiss, Martin. "Computer assisted audiometric evaluation system." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25671.
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A computer-based audiometric evaluation system has been developed. The system makes use of an IBM PC/XT/AT compatible personal computer to perform pure tone and speech tests and · comprises a plug-in card and custom software. The card contains pure tone and masking noise generators, together with amplifiers for a. set of headphones .and bone conduction transducer, patient and audiologist microphone amplifiers and a hand-held infra-red remote-control unit. A voice-operated gain-adjusting device on the audiologist's microphone eliminates the need for a sound pressure level meter during speech tests. The software-based user-interface makes use.of overlaid pop-up menus, context sensitive assistance.and a text editor on a graphics screen. Pure tone and speech data are acquired and displayed on a dynamic audiogram and speech discrimination gram respectively. This data may be stored and later retrieved from a patient data base. Further audiometric tests may be incorporated at a later stage.
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Carr, Patricia I. "Development of an Audiological Test Procedure Manual for First Year Au.D. Students." Scholar Commons, 2001. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1535.
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A student manual of audiological procedures with accompanying laboratory assignments does not presently exist at the University of South Florida (USF). In the first year of the four year Au.D. program at USF, students are enrolled in Audiology Laboratory Clinic I, II, and III, in consecutive semesters. Groups of four to six students meet weekly for a 3-1/2 hour clinical laboratory session to receive training in test instruction, test procedures, test application, and test interpretation. The purpose of the first year Audiology laboratory clinic sessions is to prepare the student for clinical experience in year two of the Au.D program at USF. In preparation for these laboratory sessions, it was discovered that materials related to test procedures are currently scattered throughout a variety of texts, journals, manuals, educational software, videos, and web sites. No one source contains all the needed information on any given test procedure. In addition, specific procedures outlined in documents [American Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)] are not consistently used by the different sources. Thus, there is no standard procedural manual containing laboratory assignments that lead to the development of appropriate clinical testing skills by a first year Au.D student. A standard test procedural manual for pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and immittance testing, with assignments, was developed to assist in the cultivation of the students testing skills. The manual contains test history, purposes, procedures, scoring guidelines, interpretations, and limitations for each test. Laboratory assignments include practice exercises using a computer simulator, classmates, and volunteers. Each assignment is accompanied by discussion questions to enhance and augment student understanding. A reference list is available to obtain further information on each topic area. This manual will be made available to the first year Au.D student as well as to the advanced Au.D student who would benefit from an all-inclusive, updateable source providing the best possible clinical procedures. The final product will be available for a fee in a notebook type format to allow for the inclusion of additional topics and updates as the standards of practice in Audiology change.
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Ziegler, Michelle Ann Nielsen. "The interaction of stimulus rate and polarity effects on the auditory brainstem response." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3957.
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Research on the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) has been dominated by attempts to develop techniques to enhance the clarity of the ABR waveform and to define the parameters that separate normal from abnormal responses. While the effects of stimulus rate are clearly documented, the effects of stimulus polarity on the ABR are not. There may be an interaction of polarity and rate which accounts for the inconsistent results reported in the literature.
This study examined the effect of stimulus rate and polarity for waves I, III, and V, on the ABR latency, amplitude, and amplitude ratio. Rarefaction and condensation clicks were delivered at rates of 11.l; 21.1, 41.1, and 81.1 clicks per second. Fourteen male subjects were used, each having normal hearing thresholds and normal middle ear function.
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Leung, Kam-po Kenneth, and 梁錦波. "Development of the Cantonese hearing in noise test for children (CHINT-C)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29152112.
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Richardson, Nathan Edward. "The Effect of Non-native Dialect on Speech Recognition Threshold for Native Mandarin Speakers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1333.
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Speech recognition thresholds are used for several clinical purposes, so it is important that they be accurate reflections of hearing ability. Variations in the acoustic signal may artificially decrease threshold scores, and such variations can result from being tested in a second dialect. Thirty-two native Mandarin-speaking subjects (sixteen from mainland China and sixteen from Taiwan) participated in speech recognition threshold testing in both dialects to see whether using non-native dialect test materials resulted in a significantly lower score. In addition, tests were scored by two interpreters, one from each dialect, to see whether the scorer's dialect resulted in a significantly different score. Talker dialect was found to be statistically significant, while scorer dialect was not. Factors explaining these findings, as well as clinical implications, are discussed.
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Hanson, Claire. "Development of Speech Recognition Threshold and Word Recognition Materials for Native Vietnamese Speakers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4330.
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Despite the documented need for reliable speech audiometry materials for measures such as speech recognition threshold and word recognition score, such recorded materials are not available in the Vietnamese language. The purpose of this study was to develop, digitally record, evaluate, and psychometrically equate a set of Vietnamese bisyllabic and monosyllabic word lists for use in the measurement of speech recognition and word recognition ability, respectively. To create the speech recognition threshold materials, common Vietnamese bisyllabic words were digitally recorded by male and female talkers of Vietnamese and presented for evaluation to 20 native speakers of Vietnamese with normal hearing. Based on listener response, a set of 48 bisyllabic words with relatively steep psychometric function slopes were selected and digitally adjusted to ensure equivalency for psychometric function slope and to equate threshold to the mean pure-tone average for the test participants. To create the word recognition materials, 250 words were digitally recorded by one male and one female talker of Vietnamese and presented to the listeners for evaluation. Based on listener response, 200 words were selected and divided into 4 lists of 50 monosyllabic words and 8 half-lists of 25 monosyllabic words. The lists were digitally adjusted to ensure intensity threshold equivalency. The resulting mean psychometric function slopes at 50% for the speech recognition threshold materials is 11.3%/dB for the male talker and 10.2%/dB for the female talker. Analysis of the word recognition materials indicates no significant difference between the lists or half-lists. The mean psychometric function slope at 50% for the monosyllabic lists and half-lists is 5.1%/dB for the male recordings and 5.2%/dB for the female recordings. The results of the current study are comparable to those found in other languages. Digital recordings of the bisyllabic and monosyllabic word lists are available on compact disc.
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Brainerd, Dianna W. "Sentence Discrimination in Noise and Self-assessed Hearing Difficulty." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4523.
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The purpose of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity of the CID Everyday sentences, with competing cafeteria noise, as a measure of the real life receptive communication difficulty experienced by subjects with hearing loss limited to frequencies above 2000 Hz. In order to establish normative data the speech discrimination test w~s given to 38 normal hearing subjects (aged 19-46). Second, the discrimination test was given to 12 hearing impaired subjects (29-64), who also completed a self-assessment questionnaire, the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA). The results were analyzed to determine: (a) if there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the normal hearing and the hearing impaired subjects, and (b) if there was a significant correlation between the hearing impaired subjects' scores on the discrimination test and those obtained on the HHIA. The investigation revealed that a statistically significant difference (p=0.04) existed between the mean scores of the two subject groups on the discrimination test. The hearing impaired subjects averaged about 9% below the normal hearing subjects. Although there was a weak to moderate correlation between the hearing impaired subjects' scores on the discrimination test and their scores on the HHIA, it was not statistically significant. It was concluded that, with further research, the CID Everyday sentences, with competing cafeteria noise, have potential merit as a speech discrimination procedure to quantify the hearing handicap produced by a high frequency hearing loss.
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Ratcliff, Elisha Rose. "Psychometrically Equivalent Bisyllabic Words for Speech Reception Threshold Testing in Arabic." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/488.
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The use of speech audiometry is essential in audiological testing. One of the most important elements of speech audiometry is speech reception threshold. To provide services for the growing population of non-English speaking people, audiologists need speech audiometry materials in a variety of languages. The purpose of this study was to develop, digitally record, evaluate, and equate Arabic bisyllabic words for use in testing speech reception threshold. Ninety frequently used bisyllabic words were digitally recorded by a male talker of standard Arabic. These words were presented to 20 normally hearing subjects in 2 dB increments at intensity levels ranging from -10 to 22 dB HL. Psychometric functions were then determined for all 90 words using logistic regression. Words with steep psychometric functions were selected for inclusion in the test CD. The intensities of these selected words were adjusted to match the mean subject PTA within 2 dB, and a list of words was developed which was homogenous with respect to slope and audibility. The words are contained on tracks 2 and 3 of the Brigham Young University Arabic Speech Audiometry Materials (Disc 1.0) CD.
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Graham, Jessica Lee. "Psychometrically Equivalent Trisyllabic Words for Testing Spanish Pediatric Speech Recognition Thresholds." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5864.
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The purpose of this study was to use previously recorded Spanish trisyllabic words tested on adults in the measurement of the speech recognition threshold of Spanish-speaking children in order to (a) determine the words' appropriateness when testing children and (b) compare psychometric functions between adults and children. A selection of 28 frequently used trisyllabic words was chosen from previously recorded samples of male and female adult native speakers of Spanish. These words were then presented to 20 native Spanish-speaking children with normal hearing between the ages of 4 and 8 years. The words were presented starting at -5 dB HL and ascended in 5 dB increments until the presentation level reached 15 dB HL. Using logistic regression, psychometric functions were calculated for each word. Resulting pediatric thresholds were found to be 8.7 dB higher for male talkers and 11.0 dB higher for female talkers than previously reported adult thresholds. These results indicate a clinically significant threshold difference between pediatric and adult populations. Future research should be conducted to measure the speech recognition threshold (SRT) in children of varying ages to determine the age at which the SRT approximates with adult performance.
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Gonzalez, Victoria Beatriz. "Effects of Speech Production Ability on a Measure of Speech Perception Capacity in Young Children with Cochlear Implants and their Articulation-Matched Peers." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4896.
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With reductions in the age criterion for cochlear implantation, the need for age-appropriate measures of speech perception skills has increased. One recently developed tool that shows great promise for the clinical assessment of auditory speech perception capacity in young children with cochlear implants is the On-Line Imitative Test of Speech-Pattern Contrast Perception (OlimSpac). The OlimSpac requires a child to imitate nonword utterances by providing a verbal response. The child's perceptual abilities are inferred from the child's productions through having a listener, who is masked to the stimulus select the utterance produced by the child in an eight-alternative force-choice task. Although the OlimSpac has the potential for use in children with cochlear implants, the specific role of measured speech production abilities on performance has yet to be systematically examined. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to examine the influence of speech production abilities on OlimSpac performance in an auditory-visual (A-V) and auditory-only (A-O) condition in young children with cochlear implants relative to an articulation-matched sample of normal hearing peers. A secondary objective was to determine whether the presentation modality affected a child's OlimSpac performance.
A matched pair design was used to compare the OlimSpac performance of ten children with cochlear implants (ages 29 to 76 months) to normal hearing peers (ages 27 to 73 months). Each child with cochlear implants was matched to a child with normal hearing from a sampled population of 22 normal hearing participants based on word-level articulation skills, as measured by the GFTA-2, accounting for hearing age and gender. The OlimSpac software generated a score for a single contrast and a single presentation modality (A-V or A-O). The score was based on eight binary trials. Due to the small trial size, individual contrast scores were interpreted as pass/fail, given that only a score of seven or eight is significantly better than chance. Therefore, OlimSpac performance was determined by a composite score reflecting the average across all six contrasts, based on 48 binary trials.
Average composite scores for both the A-V and A-O conditions were lower, albeit not significant, for young children with cochlear implants compared to their articulation-matched controls. Examination of individual phonemic contrast scores revealed that the articulation-matched sample of normal hearing participants most often failed the post-alveolar consonant place contrast, whereas children with cochlear implants most often failed the consonant voicing contrast. There were also no significant within group difference in speech perception performance between the A-V and A-O conditions of the OlimSpac.
The results of this study demonstrated that children with cochlear implants achieved similar speech perception performance to their articulation-matched normal hearing peers. Although children's speech production abilities partially influenced their OlimSpac performance, knowledge of word-level articulation skills allows clinicians to make appropriate judgments when interpreting composite scores, thus validating the OlimSpac as an indirect measure of a child's speech perception capacity and a direct measure of speech perception skills. Objective scores obtained from a child's OlimSpac performance may be used to assess outcomes of cochlear implant use, guide cochlear implant mapping, and plan habilitative intervention. A greater understanding of the potential effect of speech production performance on estimates of speech perception ability may also assist in highlighting other developmental, linguistic and/or cognitive delays masked by a child's hearing loss.
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Robertson, Maida Christine. "Psychometrically Equivalent Arabic Monosyllabic Word Recognition Materials." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1508.pdf.
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Merry, Kathryn Jean. "The use of auditory brainstem responses in determining the maximum outputs of hearing aids." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3906.
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Uncomfortable listening level (UCL) is a behavioral measure which is currently used to set the maximum outputs of hearing aids. This study explored the feasibility of prescribing the maximum outputs of hearing aids by using results obtained from auditory brainstern response (ABR) testing. More specifically, this study compared ABR wave latencies with behaviorally-measured UCLs for a single cycle 3 kHz stimulus in normal-hearing adults.
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Brady-Herbst, Brenene Marie. "An Analysis of Spondee Recognition Thresholds in Auditory-only and Audio-visual Conditions." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5218.
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To date there are no acceptable speechreading tests with normative or psychometric data indicating the test is a valid and reliable measure of speechreading assessment. Middlewerd and Plomp (1987) completed a study of speechreading assessment using sentences (auditory-only and auditory-visual) in the presence of background noise. Results revealed speech reception thresholds to be lower in the auditory-visual condition. Montgomery and Demorest ( 1988) concurred that these results were appealing, but unfortunately not efficient enough to be used clinically. The purpose of this study was to develop a clinically valid and reliable assessment of speech reading ability, following Middlewerd and Plomp's ( 1987) framework to achiev~ this goal. The method of obtaining a valid assessment tool was to define a group of stimuli that can be administered and scored to produce reliable data efficiently. Because spondaic words are accepted as a reliable method of clinically achieving speech reception thresholds, they were chosen to be used as the stimuli in this study to develop an efficient clinical speechreading assessment tool. Ten subjects were presented with spondaic words in each of two conditions, auditory-only and auditory-visual, in the presence of background noise. The spondee words were randomized for each presentation, to validate the data. A computerized presentation was used so that each subject received the identical input. The computer also produced a performance-intensity function for each spondaic word. Results revealed an acceptable speech recognition threshold for 18 of the 36 spondee words in the auditory-only condition; 6 words were outside of one standard deviation; and the remaining 12 words did not produce obtainable thresholds. In the auditory-visual condition, all words except one had no obtainable threshold. Although these results invalidated the spondee words as an acceptable stimuli, the study does validate the foundation for further research to study different types of stimuli using this same framework.
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Anderson, Melissa Dawn. "Development of Psychometrically Equivalent Speech Recognition Threshold Materials for Native Cebuano Speakers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6154.
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While there is a clear and immediate need for reliable speech audiometry materials to evaluate the speech recognition threshold (SRT), these recorded materials are not available in Cebuano, a language of the Philippines with 15.8 million speakers. The purpose of this study was to develop, digitally record, evaluate, and psychometrically equate a set of Cebuano trisyllabic words for use in measuring the SRT. To create the SRT materials, common Cebuano trisyllabic words were digitally recorded by a male talker of Cebuano and presented for evaluation to 20 native speakers of Cebuano with normal hearing. Based on psychometric performance, a set of 21 trisyllabic words with a psychometric function slope >7%/dB that allowed threshold adjustments to the pure tone average were selected and digitally adjusted. The resulting mean psychometric function slopes at 50% for the 21 SRT trisyllabic materials was 10.2%/dB. The results of the current study are comparable to those found in other languages. Digital recordings of the trisyllabic words are available on compact disc.
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Dukes, Alycia J. "Psychometrically equivalent bisyllabic word lists for word recognition testing in Taiwan Mandarin /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1391.pdf.
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Allard, Bradley James. "The Use of the California Consonant Test and the Northwestern University Auditory Test no. 6 in Hearing Aid Evaluations for Individuals with Precipitous Losses Above 1 kHz." PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3953.
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These two joint-studies used recorded versions of the Northwestern University Auditory Test Number 6 (NU-6) and the California Consonant Test (CCT) in the hearing aid evaluations (HAEs) of 12 male and one female subjects, aged 41 to 87 years. They exhibited precipitous high frequency losses beyond 1 kHz in at least one ear. All subjects were evaluated without amplification and while monaurally aided with two conventional high pass hearing aids. Ten of the subjects were evaluated in multi-talker noise and 11 were tested in quiet. Since the CCT was more heavily weighted than the NU-6 with target phonemes sensitive to high frequency losses, it was hypothesized that the CCT might be more sensitive than the NU-6 to significant differences between aided and/or unaided performances of these particularly high frequency impaired subjects.
The data collected in noise and in quiet was analyzed separately with the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. No significant differences were found in noise or quiet between the aided performances on either the CCT or the NU-6. The NU-6 in noise, however, revealed significant degrees of aided improvement at the .01 level of confidence that the CCT did not. The addition of noise seemed to make the CCT too difficult for these subjects. In quiet, both tests seemed to be as equally sensitive in revealing significant aided improvement at the .01 level of confidence. The lower mean CCT scores in quiet, however, seemed to indicate that if unaided NU-6 performances are too high to allow for significant aided improvement or significant differences between aids, the more time consuming CCT might be appropriate.
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Theunissen, Marianne. "Development of an Afrikaans test for sentence recognition in noise." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12152008-131712.
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