Books: 'Speech Codes'

1

George, Anastaplo. Campus hate-speech codes and twentieth century atrocities. Lewiston: E. Mellen Press, 1997.

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2

Campus hate-speech codes, natural right, and twentieth century atrocities. Lewiston, N.Y: E. Mellen Press, 1999.

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3

Korwar, Arati R. War of words: Speech codes at public colleges and universities. Nashville, Tenn: Freedom Forum First Amendment Center, 1994.

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4

Vary, Peter. Digital Speech Transmission. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2006.

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5

Bernstein, David E. The right of expressive association and private universities' racial preferences and speech codes. Arlington, Va: George Mason University School of Law, 2001.

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6

Rainer, Martin, ed. Digital speech transmission: Enhancement, coding, and error concealment. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Wiley, 2005.

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7

Bilingual speech: A typology of code-mixing. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

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8

Finally comes the poet: Daring speech for proclamation. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1989.

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9

Speech coding algorithms: Foundation and evolution of standardized coders. Hoboken, N.J: J. Wiley, 2003.

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10

Boyd, Samuel Thomas. Implementation and evaluation of a 4.8kbps CELP speech coder. [s.l: The Author], 1994.

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11

Perkis, Andrew. Speech codec systems: Principles and applications to mobile satellite communications. Trondheim, Norway: Norwegian Institute of Technology, 1994.

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12

Seromaa, M. Improvement of coded speech transmitted over a packetized data network. Manchester: UMIST, 1994.

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13

Lance, Riek, ed. A practical handbook of speech coders: Randy Goldberg, Lance Riek. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2000.

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14

Díaz, Carmen Pena. Bilingual speech: A case study of a bilingual community. [Alcalá de Henares (Madrid)]: Universidad de Alcalá, 2006.

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15

Stell, Gerald. Ethnicity and language variation: Grammar and code-switching in the Afrikaans speech community. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2011.

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16

Goswami, Krishan Kumar. Code switching in Lahanda speech community: A sociolinguistic survey. Delhi: Kalinga Publications, 1994.

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17

Mello, Heliana, Alessandro Panunzi, and Tommaso Raso, eds. Pragmatics and Prosody. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-084-6.

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Most of the papers collected in this book resulted from presentations and discussions undertaken during the V Lablita Workshop that took place at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, on August 23-25, 2011. The workshop was held in conjunction with the II Brazilian Seminar on Pragmatics and Prosody. The guiding themes for the joint event were illocution, modality, attitude, information patterning and speech annotation. Thus, all papers presented here are concerned with theoretical and methodological issues related to the study of speech. Among the papers in this volume, there are different theoretical orientations, which are mirrored through the methodological designs of studies pursued. However, all papers are based on the analysis of actual speech, be it from corpora or from experimental contexts trying to emulate natural speech. Prosody is the keyword that comes out from all the papers in this publication, which indicates the high standing of this category in relation to studies that are geared towards the understanding of major elements that are constitutive of the structuring of speech.

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18

Second-generation speech: Lexicon, code-switching and morpho-syntax of Croatian-English bilinguals. Bern: Peter Lang, 2003.

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19

IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding for Telecommunications (1999 Porvoo, Finland). 1999 IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding: Proceedings : model coders and error criteria : Haikko Manor, Porvoo, Finland, June 20-23, 1999. Piscataway, New Jersey: IEEE, 1999.

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20

Hodges, J. Pressure measurements on slender bodies at supersonic speeds and development of flow separation ctiteria for Euler codes. London: HMSO, 1990.

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21

Backus, Ad. Two in one: Bilingual speech of Turkish immigrants in the Netherlands. Tilburg, Netherlands: Tilburg University Press, 1996.

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22

Sosower, Mark L. Palatinus graecus 88 and the manuscript tradition of Lysias. Amsterdam: Adolf M. Hakkert, 1987.

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23

Eagan, James M. A speeder's guide to avoiding tickets. New York: Avon, 1990.

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24

Holzer, Henry Mark. Speaking Freely: The Case Against Speech Codes. Center for the Study of Popular Culture, 1995.

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25

Speaking Freely: The Case Against Speech Codes. Center for the Study of Popular Culture, 1995.

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26

Vary, Peter, and Rainer Martin. Digital Speech Transmission: Enhancement, Coding and Error Concealment. Wiley, 2006.

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27

David, Irwin, ed. Ethics for speech-language pathologists and audiologists: An illustrative casebook. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning, 2007.

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28

Fossey, Richard, and Todd A. DeMitchell. Challenges of Mandating School Uniforms in the Public Schools: Free Speech, Research, and Policy. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated, 2015.

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29

Fossey, Richard, and Todd A. DeMitchell. Challenges of Mandating School Uniforms in the Public Schools: Free Speech, Research, and Policy. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated, 2015.

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30

Fantl, Jeremy. On Inviting Problematic Speakers to Campus. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807957.003.0008.

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This chapter argues that it is often impermissible to invite problematic speakers to campus. Opponents of campus speech codes often argue that it is important to invite problematic speakers in order to teach students resilience. On the contrary, I argue, if you know that their past or future behavior is both wrong and reflects accurately on their current attitudes or dispositions, it is impermissible to invite them. To do so can require you to stand in solidarity with the problematic speaker and thereby stand against—to betray—those who have been or will be victimized by their speech or behavior. Inviting a speaker to campus comes with obligations to the speaker—obligations of politeness and respect. Because it is impermissible to satisfy those obligations to certain kinds of problematic speakers, it is impermissible to invite them in the first place.

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31

Goldberg, Randy. A Practical Handbook of Speech Coders. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420036824.

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32

Bilingual Speech: A Typology of Code-Mixing. Cambridge University Press, 2005.

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33

Muysken, Pieter. Bilingual Speech: A Typology of Code-Mixing. Cambridge University Press, 2001.

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34

Chu, Wai C. Speech Coding Algorithms: Foundation and Evolution of Standardized Coders. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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35

Chu, Wai C. Speech Coding Algorithms: Foundation and Evolution of Standardized Coders. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2004.

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36

Chu, Wai C. Speech Coding Algorithms: Foundation and Evolution of Standardized Coders. Wiley-Interscience, 2003.

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37

Zimmerman, Jonathan. Campus Politics. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190627393.001.0001.

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Universities are usually considered bastions of the free exchange of ideas, but a recent tide of demonstrations across college campuses has called this belief into question, and with serious consequences. Such a wave of protests hasn't been seen since the campus free speech demonstrations of the 1960s, yet this time it is the political Left, rather than the political Right, calling for restrictions on campus speech and freedom. And, as Jonathan Zimmerman suggests, recent campus controversies have pitted free speech against social justice ideals. The language of trauma--and, more generally, of psychology--has come to dominate campus politics, marking another important departure from prior eras. This trend reflects an increased awareness of mental health in American society writ large. But it has also tended to dampen exchange and discussion on our campuses, where faculty and students self-censor for fear of insulting or offending someone else. Or they attack each other in periodic bursts of invective, which run counter to the “civility” promised by new speech and conduct codes. In Campus Politics: What Everyone Needs to Know®, Jonathan Zimmerman breaks down the dynamics of what is actually driving this recent wave of discontent. After setting recent events in the context of the last half-century of free speech campus movements, Zimmerman looks at the political beliefs of the US professorate and students. He follows this with chapters on political correctness; debates over the contested curriculum; admissions, faculty hires, and affirmative action; policing students; academic freedom and censorship; in loco parentis administration; and the psychology behind demands for "trigger warnings" and "safe spaces." He concludes with the question of how to best balance the goals of social and racial justice with the commitment to free speech.

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38

Goldberg, Randy, and Lance Riek. A Practical Handbook of Speech Coders (Discrete Mathematics and Applications). CRC, 2000.

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39

Heinze, Eric. Toward a Legal Concept of Hatred. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190465544.003.0006.

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Antidiscrimination law focuses on material conduct. A legal concept of hatred, by contrast, focuses on attitudes, as manifest notably through hate speech bans. Democracies by definition assign higher-law status to expression within public discourse. Such expression can, in principle, be legally curtailed only through a showing that it would likely cause some legally cognizable harm. Defenders of bans, struggling with standard empirical claims, have overtly or tacitly applied “anti-Cartesian” phenomenological and sociolinguistic theories to challenge dominant norms that largely limit such harm to demonstrable material causation. Such notions of harm cannot, however, be reconciled with higher-law norms barring viewpoint-selective penalties on expression. Still, a democracy retains alternative means of combating hateful attitudes, including formal and public educational policy, and codes of professional practice in the public and private sectors.

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40

White, Miles. Affective Gestures. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036620.003.0004.

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This chapter looks at the ways in which the body, aesthetic features of hip-hop music, and the material culture that surrounds it are deployed to construct affect and help delineate between what is meant by hard and hardcore, both as music and as masculine performance. In hip-hop culture, uniqueness and the expression of individual identity are prioritized through behavior, modes of dress, language, and other ways. Those who adopt these styles of behavior in mannerism, dress, speech, or attitude become part of a community of practice that is able to persist because the expressive codes associated with the culture have the power to invoke it through any number of performative texts. The chapter also traces the historical evolution of hip-hop culture from a largely benign music to something more malevolent.

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41

Lubin, Timothy. The Vedic Student. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198702603.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the form and purpose of the Vedic studentship, and the special importance that came to be attached to it as Brahmins sought to reposition their tradition as a basis for establishing religious and legal norms for society. Studentship took the form of a regimen (vrata) of mildly ascetical observances (strict chastity and restrictions on speech, diet, and dress, along with other ritual duties), collectively known as brahmacarya. This regimen, probably at first constitutive of Brahmin status, is extended in the Vedic codes of domestic ritual (gṛhyasūtras) to two other classes of male Āryas as well. The initiation into this observance, symbolically a rebirth through the Veda, becomes in fact the marker of Ārya social status and it provides a template for a multitude of other similar expiatory or supererogatory regimens that structure the life of Smārta Brahmanical piety.

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42

(Editor), Barbara Bullock, and Jacqueline Toribio (Editor), eds. The Cambridge Handbook of Code-switching. Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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43

Bentahila, Abdelali, Eirlys Davies, and Jonathan Owens. Codeswitching and Related Issues Involving Arabic. Edited by Jonathan Owens. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764136.013.0014.

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Bilingual speech involving Arabic has been an important source of linguistic research on the language. The greater part of this research has involved Arabic in contact with other languages; in recent years, greater systematic attention has been given to Arabic diglossic speech as well. This article looks at Arabic in contact with other languages and also deals with diglossic speech. It also briefly summarizes the use of secret languages, which has close structural parallels to code switching.

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44

Barrett, Rusty. The Class Menagerie. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390179.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses the appropriation of stereotypes of southern speech among early members of the (gay male) bear subculture. Bear subculture emphasizes the properties of being heavyset and having higher-than-average amounts of body hair. The chapter begins with an overview of bear subculture, including a history of the emergence of the subculture in the early 1990s. The chapter then discusses the emergence of bear slang and the use of the “bear codes” on the Bear Mailing List. It is argued that early bear subculture constructed gay masculinity through the appropriation of stereotyped representations of southern working-class men. An analysis of language use on the Bear Mailing List reveals the use of Mock Hillbilly, a linguistic style characterized by the exaggerated representations of Appalachian and Ozark dialects of English, including the use of eye-dialect in email messages. It is argued that the appropriation of southern stereotypes allowed early bears to construct a form of masculinity that aligned with being overweight.

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45

Kockelman, Paul. Enemies, Parasites, and Noise. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190636531.003.0002.

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This chapter begins by outlining some common properties of channels, infrastructure, and institutions. It connects and critiques the assumptions and interventions of three influential intellectual traditions: cybernetics (via Claude Shannon), linguistics and anthropology (via Roman Jakobson), and actor-network theory (via Michel Serres). By developing the relation between Serres’s notion of the parasite and Peirce’s notion of thirdness, it theorizes the role of those creatures who live in and off infrastructure: not just enemies, parasites, and noise, but also pirates, trolls, and internet service providers. And by extending Jakobson’s account of duplex categories (shifters, proper names, meta-language, reported speech) from codes to channels, it theorizes four reflexive modes of circulation any network may involve: self-channeling channels, source-dependent channels, signer-directed signers, and channel-directed signers. The conclusion returns to the notion of enclosure, showing the ways that networks are simultaneously a condition for, and a target of, knowledge, power, and profit.

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46

Ezell, Margaret J. M. Laws Regulating Publication, Speech, and Performance, 1660–1673. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198183112.003.0008.

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Licensing and the regulation of publications were reinforced to assist in the transition back to monarchy. The 1662 Licensing Act limited the number of printers and booksellers and required that manuscripts be approved before being printed; Roger L’Estrange attempted to control pamphlet publication, while the Master of the Revels oversaw theatrical productions. A series of laws referred to as the Clarendon Code were passed to ensure religious conformity and to control unauthorized preaching and assemblies. Nonconformist ministers such as Richard Baxter, along with sectarians including John Bunyan, faced imprisonment for illegal preaching.

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47

Celia, Alvarez, and Hunter College. Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños. Language Policy Task Force., eds. Speech and ways of speaking in a bilingual Puerto Rican community. New York, N.Y: Language Policy Task Force, Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños, Hunter College, City University of New York, 1988.

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48

Saul, Jennifer. Dogwhistles, Political Manipulation, and Philosophy of Language. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198738831.003.0013.

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This essay explores the speech act of dogwhistling (sometimes referred to as ‘using coded language’). Dogwhistles may be overt or covert, and within each of these categories may be intentional or unintentional. Dogwhistles are a powerful form of political speech, allowing people to be manipulated in ways they would resist if the manipulation was carried outmore openly—often drawing on racist attitudes that are consciously rejected. If philosophers focus only on content expressed or otherwise consciously conveyed they may miss what is most powerful and pernicious in the speech of political culture. This essay is a call to start paying attention to these more covert speech acts, and a first attempt at beginning to theorize them. It argues that dogwhistles present a complex and interesting case for the philosopher of language, and explores their implications for democratic politics.

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49

Rez, Peter. Ground Transportation: Ships. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802297.003.0012.

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The drag on ships comes from movement through the water. There is a part that is analogous to the parasitic drag in aircraft, and a part that comes from creating the bow and stern waves—in some ways similar to the compressibility drag in aircraft that approach the speed of sound. Given that the density of water is more than 800 times that of air, speeds through the water are slower. Drag coefficients are specified differently for ships than for cars, trucks and airplanes. The relevant area is the total wetted area, and not the frontal projected area. Ships can be very efficient—the very powerful two-stroke diesels that power large container ships and tankers can be over 50% thermally efficient.

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50

Zamuner, Tania S., and Viktor Kharlamov. Phonotactics and Syllable Structure in Infant Speech Perception. Edited by Jeffrey L. Lidz, William Snyder, and Joe Pater. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199601264.013.3.

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Phonotactics and syllable structure form an integral part of phonological competence and may be used to discover other aspects of language. Given the importance of such knowledge to the process of language acquisition, numerous studies have investigated the development of phonotactic and syllabic knowledge in order to determine when infants become sensitive to these sound patterns and how they may use this knowledge in language processing. Considering that infants’ first exposure to linguistic structures comes from speech perception, we provide an overview of the perception-related issues that have been investigated experimentally and point out issues that have not yet been addressed in the literature. We begin with phonotactic development, examining a wide range of sound patterns, followed by a discussion of the acquisition of syllable structure and a brief summary of various outstanding issues that may be of interest to the reader, including production-related investigations and phonological modeling studies.

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Books on the topic 'Speech Codes'

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