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Journal articles on the topic 'Speech etiquette formulas'
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1
Malyuga, Elena, Daria Maksimova, and Maria Ivanova. "Cognitive and Discoursive Features of Speech Etiquette in Corporate Communication." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 3 (2019): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n3p310.
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Today, the cultural, community-driven and individual-specific facets of speech etiquette are discussed in terms of the functional aspects manifested in various types of communication, including corporate interaction. This article analyzes the main cognitive and discoursive characteristics of the British and American speech etiquette from the perspective of cultural, social and role stereotypes, gives a characteristic of the content structure of speech behavior in corporate communication in three main areas—information, evaluation, motivation—and identifies ways to form these values. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks are to be solved: (1) to determine the functions of speech formulas and their influence on the speech etiquette of British and American businesspeople, and (2) to identify the most outstanding characteristics in the use of formulas of agreement or disagreement in British and American speech etiquette. The article reveals the conditionality of the choice of speech etiquette formulas in the socio-cultural aspect and argues that speech etiquette in corporate communication is characterized by specialized functions and their clear implementation, which is the key to successful communication. The authors conclude that the change of the communicative setting entails the transformation of the register, therefore, the use of other formulas of speech etiquette. Consequently, the transition from formality to individualization of formulas has appeared in the use of formulas of agreement or disagreement in speech etiquette. So, business partners choose formulas based on the appropriateness and acceptability of use in the current setting with a specific interlocutor.
2
Vartanova, Natalia, and Marina Volodina. "Representation of the ecolinguistic paradigm of etiquette formulas in advertising interviews." E3S Web of Conferences 389 (2023): 08017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338908017.
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Advertising discourse has a number of features related to the specific context in which the communication takes place. The addressee is usually sceptical, while the addresser uses the entire arsenal of language to make an impact. In this article, we focus on the use of etiquette formulas in interviews. The representation of the cultural code of the ecolinguistic paradigm is particularly diverse in formulas of speech etiquette. Etiquette (fr. étiquette - label, tag, etiquette) is the rules of behavior that ensure the maintenance of the existing in a given society (community) perceptions of what is appropriate [17]. Speech etiquette reflects the principles of communicative behaviour in a communication situation, considering role models and communication context. Speech etiquette implements ready, standardized, stable speech acts: both situations and applied speech formulas are standard. The article explores the concept of speech etiquette formulas in the system of advertising discourse, in the context of advertising interview, from the perspective of pragmatics and linguoculturology, as part of linguistic ecology.
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Yebelekbayeva, A. K., and G. N. Smagulova. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE KAZAKH AND CHUVASH LANGUAGES (BASED ON GREETINGS)." Tiltanym, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55491/2411-6076-2023-2-107-116.
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The research paper considers the speech etiquette in the Kazakh and Chuvash languages, belonging to a family of Turkic languages, from the point of view of the genealogical origin of the language, based on the formula of welcome. Speech etiquette is an inextricable part of the culture of any country. Its basic structure consists of special lexical units - speech formulas used in situations that take place in different contexts. Functional study of speech formulas allows to classify models of speech etiquette with equivalents in the Kazakh and Chuvash languages. The purpose and objectives of the study - functional-linguistic analysis of the use of greeting formulas in Kazakh and Chuvash, to consider the theoretical aspects of speech communication, to describe some parameters of etiquette formulations, to analyze thematic themes and also to reveal speech formulas by different methods. Research methods include analysis, synthesis, and linguistic analysis based on culturological, ethnographic, and social features. As a result of the research, the authors come to the conclusion that the speech formulas of two languages have general drawings and inconsistencies, conditioned by different factors. The similarities and differences in speech behavior in these languages are reflected in the basic welcome models.
4
Shulginov, V. A., R. Zh Mustafin, and A. A. Tillabaeva. "REGULAR IM/POLITENESS IN INTERNET COMMUNICATION: DISCURSIVE SHIFT IN USING ETIQUETTE FORMULAS OF GRATITUDE." Culture and Text, no. 48 (2022): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2305-4077-2022-1-177-187.
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The article analyzes the ways etiquette formulas are used in conflict interactions between the participants of online communities. The writer brings into focus the tendency for etiquette formulas of gratitude to expand their functions. The article highlights typical strategies of using etiquette phrases in the discourse of conflict including their use as markers of open and covert speech aggression. The writers also state the functional convergence of gratitude and farewell formulars: the expression of gratitude as it is becomes a labelled sign of the speaker’s withdrawal from communication.
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Nifontova, Daria E. "SPEECH FORMULA OF ETIQUETTE IN THE CARNIVAL PLAYS OF HANS SACHS AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO RUSSIAN." German Philology at the St Petersburg State University 13 (2023): 282–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu33.2023.115.
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The article aims to study the form and functions of some etiquette speech formulas in Early New High German. On the material Hans Sachs’s carnival play Das Narrenscheyden (Cure of Fools, 1557) from the standpoint of speech etiquette, the cases of using addresses, greetings, farewells, requests, advice, etc. are analyzed. The methodological basis is determined by the theoretical position of historical pragmatic linguistics of the potential possibility of using old texts as a source of linguistic material. The article presents for the first time the specificity of the use of speech formulas of etiquette in the works of H. Sachs in the aspect of their translation into modern Russian. Particular attention is paid to the features of the genre of Shrovetide plays, as well as to the problem of translating of Knittelvers, traditionally aligned in Russian into iambic tetrameter. The article notes the role of H. Sachs as one of the first authors of his time, who consistently assigned linguistic features of social differentiation to the speech of the characters. In this regard, an attempt is made to trace the variability of etiquette speech formulas depending on the situation of speech interaction. In addition to thе main functions of etiquette formulas, regulatory and characterizing functions are distinguished (etiquette speech formulas as markers of the development of dramatic action and means of creating character images). The obtained results contribute to the study of the features of speech interaction, presented on the basis of texts from distant eras and their translations.
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Wang, Liancen. "Comparative analysis of speech etiquette in modern Russian and Chinese." World of Russian-speaking countries 4, no. 10 (2021): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2658-7866-2021-4-10-52-67.
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The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of speech etiquette in the modern Russian and Chinese languages; it is noted that an important feature of speech etiquette is a reflection of the national culture and national specifics of speech behavior. Speech etiquette includes communicatively significant meanings: social, international, emotional and evaluative, and identifying and understanding these meanings is impossible without taking into account the national specifics of etiquette rules. The article examines in detail the formulas of speech etiquette related to the situations of address, gratitude, apology and request in Russian and Chinese, analyzes the system of kinship terms in Chinese, which is more detailed compared to the Russian language, provides the results of analyzing the use of proper names in speech formulas. The article considers the choice of lexical means in address, request and gratitude, depending on the characteristics of the communicative situation (the relationship between the addressee and the addressant, the communicative situation, the method and purpose of communication, the tone of communication, etc.). The author gives examples of various speech scenarios in Chinese communication, analyzes the tendency to euphemizing speech in Chinese etiquette formulas, and concludes that a comparative analysis of speech etiquette in modern Russian and Chinese helps to increase cultural awareness in the use of language and understanding that the peculiarities of speech interaction of the communicants require attention not only to the linguistic structures themselves, but also to the specifics of speech behavior and the associated pragmatics of communication.
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Фатэмэ, Ахмади Бэни. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE FORMULAS OF IN CONTRASTIVE STUDIES." Международный аспирантский вестник. Русский язык за рубежом, no. 2 (May 31, 2023): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37632/pi.2023.98.26.006.
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Статья посвящена проблеме изучения стереотипных формул речевого этикета и их описания в контексте контрастивных исследований. Стереотипные этикетные формулы являются одной из основных характеристик успешного межкультурного общения, так как манеры и выражения, которые считаются вежливыми в одном обществе, могут показаться странными или даже грубыми в другом. На примере сравнения языковых шаблонов в русском и персидском языках рассматриваются сложности поиска их эквивалентов для корректного и адекватного перевода. Особое внимание уделяется специфике этикетных формул для дальнейшего обучения речевому этикету иностранных студентов. Language stereotypes, speech etiquette formulas, pragmatics, contrastive studies, translation. The article is devoted to the problem of studying stereotypical formulas of speech etiquette and their description in the context of contrastive studies. Stereotypical formulas of etiquette are one of the main characteristics of successful intercultural communication, as manners and expressions that are considered polite in one society may seem strange or even rude in another society. Using the example of comparing language patterns in Russian and Persian, the difficulties of finding their equivalents for correct and adequate translation are considered. Special attention is paid to the specifics of etiquette formulas for further teaching speech etiquette to foreign students.
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ABDURAKHMANOVA, Patimat Magomedovna. "GRATITUDE FORMULAS IN THE AVAR LANGUAGE." Herald of Daghestan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Science, no. 78 (December 22, 2020): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31029/vestdnc78/10.
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The article examines the formulas of the speech etiquette of the Avar language used in various communicative acts to express gratitude. The use of gratitude formulas depends on various social indicators, on the time and place of residence. Along with the universal neutral formula of gratitude barkala (thank you), the Avar speech etiquette has a number of nationally specific gratitude formulas in the form of good wishes.
9
Emelianova, Natalya A. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE CONTEXT OF LEARNING RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH AS FOREIGN LANGUAGES." Humanities And Social Studies In The Far East 19, no. 1 (2022): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31079/1992-2868-2022-19-1-32-40.
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The study of national speech etiquette is of interest to linguists, since this area of communication is one of the indicators of interpersonal relations in society. The microsystem of speech etiquette contains cultural and mental stereotypes of communication. For their assimilation and correct speech behaviour in a multilingual community, the analysis of etiquette formulas adopted in a foreign language culture is necessary, which determines the relevance of this research, focused on studying the semantics of speech etiquette formulas within the framework of the concept of intercultural communication. At the same time, not only features of language and speech are considered, but also difficulties of forming a multilingual personality in the process of using the means of speech etiquette in certain communicative situations, such as greeting, farewell, gratitude, apology etc. The author also draws attention to the manifestation of the category of politeness in a foreign language, taking into account national and cultural factors.
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Khamroeva, Rokhat Utkirovna. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN ENGLISH LESSONS." Yosh Tadqiqotchi 1, no. 2 (2022): 225–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6387435.
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Speech etiquette often plays a decisive role in the design of the statement, in the selection of means in speech communication. A student receiving a pedagogical education must not only master the literary norm, but also carefully study the culture of the country of the language being studied, the specifics of speech etiquette, verbal etiquette formulas and clichés characteristic of the language.
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Sydykova, Ch, and M. Kinalieva. "Linguistic and Culturological Analysis of the Kyrgyz Speech Etiquette of Greeting." Bulletin of Science and Practice 11, no. 4 (2025): 513–26. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/113/71.
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The article studies various formulae of the Kyrgyz speech etiquette of greeting. Within the scope of this work the lexical and semantic classification of greetings is provided and lingua-culturological comments are given. Greeting speech formulae constitute meaningful components of the speech act, since its fundamental function lies in its phatic function, and initiation of the polite and benevolent behaviour during communication, as well. Speech etiquette may depend on situation and context of the act of communication, such as: participants of communication act (status, gender, age), type of communication (formal/ informal), place and time (highly honored guests; time of a day etc.), theme and goal of communication (friendly relations, happy and unhappy events, etc.). In the Kyrgyz lingua-culture greeting formulas are used in compliance with the norms of etiquette behavior. Moreover, great variety of examples of the Kyrgyz speech etiquette of greetings is studied, which is used depending on situation and other parameters of act of communication. Specific attention is given to description of greetings in the Kyrgyz language that convey national and cultural shade explicitly, which is signified by ways of establishing contact. Lingua culturological analysis of the Kyrgyz speech etiquette of greeting is evidenced by illustrative material taken from classical literary works.
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Beni, Fatameh Ahmadi. "TAAROF IN IRANIAN SPEECH ETIQUETTE." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. "Literary Theory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies" Series, no. 8 (2022): 299–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2022-8-299-316.
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The article is devoted to the problems of correlation between models of etiquette behavior in Iranian and Russian communicative cultures. We focus on the attention in the article is paid to taarof – the system of etiquette behavior in Persian culture. Taarof plays a fundamentally important role in the life of modern Iranian society and in the communicative interaction of Iranians with foreigners. The article deals with the main postulates of the theory of politeness and the problems of national specifics of speech etiquette in Persian culture. The crucial point for Persian culture is the concept of ceremony, ritualized behavior in everyday communication. Ritualized communication also existed in the patriarchal Russian society, however, modern Russian everyday etiquette has largely lost the features of ceremonial and has become less formal. In the article, we analyze real everyday conversations of Persian culture. We list important characteristics of the ceremonial nature of everyday communication in Iran. There are two situations of an unexpected meeting and a related invitation to visit to be considered. What we are interested in is the stereotypical invitation and refusal formulas, which are idiomatic and figurative. We plan to describe the pragmatic nature of the etiquette formulas of Taarof and to compile the Russian-Iranian dictionary of speech etiquette in future.
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Mamedova, Fatima, Anar Mustafayeva, and Elnara Dulayeva. "CONCEPTUAL STRUCTURE OF LINGUOCULTUROLOGICAL ETIKET FORMULAS OF GREETINGS AND FAREWELLS IN ARABIC AND TURKISH." KAZAKHSTAN ORIENTAL STUDIES 12, no. 4 (2024): 333–46. https://doi.org/10.63051/kos.2024.4.333.
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The peculiarities of speech etiquette in each language are determined by historical, cultural, social, cognitive, and religious factors. The study of greeting and farewell speech formulas in Turkish and Arabic is relevant for identifying key linguacultural meanings and concepts using conceptual modeling. The purpose is to analyze the linguistic and cultural conditioning of etiquette formulas in these languages. Linguacultural analysis of linguistic facts was used, along with elements of conceptual, communicative, comparative, and semantic analysis. Similarities include polite treatment of interlocutors, adherence to religious traditions, and hospitality. Differences lie in the degree of metaphoricality, imagery, and extended responses. The conclusions form ideas about the interrelations between core and peripheral linguacultural concepts, linguistic diversity, and invariance of etiquette formulas, their cognitive representation and role in shaping linguistic personality. The study contributes to understanding national mentality through the analysis of speech formulas. For its implementation, methods of linguocultural analysis of linguistic facts, as well as elements of conceptual, communicative, comparative and semantic analysis were used. The objective of the study is to identify general ideas about the main linguacultural features of speech etiquette using the example of greeting and farewell formulas in two languages, to analyze phrasal units and their communicative nature, to highlight the features of use and functioning in speech depending on the formal or informal style of communication, context and situation. The results presented in the article, the material allowed the authors to conclude that the study of speech etiquette of the Turkish and Arabic languages can be used to build associative links between different conceptual structures, as well as to analyze communicative processes and their national determinacy, to model linguacultural syntactic patterns for the purpose of further improvement and enrichment of the speech flow.
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Скрипник, Надія, Оксана Когутюк, and Світлана Турлюк. "LANGUAGE AND SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN PROFESSIONALLY ORIENTED COMMUNICATIVE COMMUNICATION." Молодий вчений, no. 6.1 (130.1) (October 31, 2024): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.32839/2304-5809/2024-6.1-131.1-16.
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A peculiar core of etiquette is the perfect verbal level of interlocutors during communication. Each language has developed its own system of special expressions of politeness, compliments, and speech etiquette. The study analysed the approaches to studying the definitions of «speech etiquette», «language etiquette», and «Ukrainian speech etiquette» and found ways to improve speech activity. Speech etiquette is a kind of mechanism by which effective communication can take place, and speech etiquette is programmed for a wide variety of typical situations in which fixed language structures fixed by national cultural traditions are used. The article analyses language formulas that are characteristic of all speakers and determines the main elements of communicative situations. The problem of the formation of a culture of communication among students of higher education is highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the use of the rules of language etiquette because the observance of etiquette norms largely depends on the specific situation of communication and the place and circumstances of the conversation. The peculiarities of Ukrainian speech etiquette are revealed because it is the foundation of harmony in society, a sign of high culture and spirituality of people. He most fully represents the ethnic identity of the Ukrainian people. Nowadays, it is extremely important that future professionals follow the rules, norms, and signs of speech and language etiquette in professionally orientated communication. The formation of the personality takes place thanks to the language and linguistic means, in particular, its quality during oral communication. Language actively affects the cognitive activity of people and the effectiveness of speech etiquette. The work system proposed in the article is aimed at the formation of professionally orientated speech and communication competence of applicants at mastering language etiquette because it is characterised by stability. Ideally, language etiquette should remain intact, and if necessary, we can repeat stereotypes of behaviour that have developed historically and, without our consciousness, automatically use fixed language formulas when necessary.
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Ling, Jin. "Causes of communicative failures of Chinese students using Russian language etiquette formulas." Science and School, no. 1 (February 29, 2024): 258–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/1819-463x-2024-1-258-268.
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Politeness is an important element of intercultural communication. The purpose of this article is to analyze the causes of the communicative failures of Chinese students in using the formulas of Russian speech etiquette, among which are the following: cultural differences (in values, in the way of thinking, in social customs, ethno-psychological differences); negative transference of native language etiquette formulas and rules for their use; intercultural psychological barriers. Research methods: analysis of theoretical literature, comparative method, analysis of errors and difficulties in the speech behavior of Chinese students, generalization of pedagogical experience. As ways to overcome the communicative failures of Chinese students in the process of teaching the Russian language, the following are considered: initial acquaintance with the formulas of Russian speech etiquette and situations of their use, a comparative analysis of speech situations, the development of students’ linguistic empathy as the ability to understand the way of thinking, state of mind and intentions of the speaker, analysis and discussion of ethical and speech errors, development and improvement of pragmatic skills and abilities in speech practice.
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Mallaeva, Z. M. "Speech Formulas Serving the Everyday Discourse of the Shangodinsky Dialect of the Avar Language." Язык и текст 11, no. 1 (2024): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2024110103.
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<p>The article is devoted to the study of the formulas of speech etiquette, the most common in everyday communication of the speakers of the Shangodinsky speech of the Andalal dialect of the Avar language. The relevance of the study is due to the following factors: 1) the real threat of the disappearance of this speech (today, less than a hundred people live in the village of Shangoda; 2) the lack of a special scientific study of the speech in Shangoda, the data on which are scarce and contradictory. The main research objective of the presented article is to describe the communicative functions of etiquette formulas used in the everyday discourse of the Shangodinsky speech of the Andalal dialect, with the identification of their pragmatic and semantic potential. To solve this problem, the following research methods were used: synchronous-descriptive (for a systematic description of various types of etiquette formulas), a functional method (for a communicative-semantic analysis of speech etiquette formulas); method of component analysis (for the analysis of the semantic structure of speech formulas). The method of introspection also turned out to be in demand in the work. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the involvement in scientific circulation of previously unexplored original etiquette vocabulary from the sphere of everyday discourse of one of the unexplored dialects of the Avar language. The results obtained in this connection are new. They have a certain scientific and practical significance for linguistic Dagestan studies. The practical significance of the study conducted in this article lies in the fact that the results obtained in the course of the study can be used in the preparation of special courses on the theory of speech acts, on the principles of discourse construction, as well as in the preparation of lectures on ethno-linguistics, intercultural communication and linguoculturology for the Dagestan audience.</p>
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Ospanova, Baltagul Ospankyzy Alisheri Aruzhan. "MODERN RUSSIAN SPEECH ETIQUETTE: TRENDS AND TRANSFORMATION." American Journal of Advanced Scientific Research (AJASR) 2, no. 9 (2025): 238–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15252690.
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The article examines the key features and development trends ofmodern Russian speech etiquette. It analyzes the factors influencing thetransformation of etiquette norms, including globalization, the digitalization ofcommunication, and social changes. Particular attention is paid to the dynamicsof using the address forms "ty" (informal 'you') and "vy" (formal 'you'), changesin the formulas for greetings, farewells, gratitude, and apologies, as well as thespecifics of etiquette in the online environment and business communication. Theconclusion highlights the increasing variability and situational dependence ofmodern etiquette norms, emphasizing the importance of communicativecompetence for successful social interaction
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Podoprigora, Anastasija. "LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL FEATURES OF FINAL ETIQUETTE FORMULAS IN RUSSIAN LETTERS OF THE XVIII CENTURY." Problems of General and Slavic Linguistics, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/251915.
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The purpose of the study is to define the lexical and grammatical features of the final etiquette formulas in Russian letters of the 18th century, to describe the functional and semantic types of formulas, to characterize their syntactic structure. The object of study is letters addressed to different persons by the outstanding Russian commander A. V. Suvorov and Princess E. R. Dashkova. The research material is 120 enclosed etiquette formulas extracted from letters with a continuous sampling method. The descriptive method of research has been used in the article. Practical application is possible in the process of teaching the stylistics of the Russian language. Conclusions: The final etiquette formulas are an important structural element of the ending of a letter, usually preceding the signature of the addressee. We have identified the following functional-semantic types of final etiquette formulas in Russian letters of the 18th century: 1) formulas of forgiveness; 2) formulas of wishes (wishes of physical and mental health, God's help and blessing); 3) parakinesthetic final etiquette formulas (verbal transmission of a gesture or an action); 4) honorific final etiquette formulas (direct or indirect indication by the addressor the addressee's positive qualities). The basis of the construction of the final etiquette formulas often lies in one or another speech cliche, however these cliches are spread by dependent syntactic components, as a result of which the final etiquette formulas in the letters under study are diverse in their syntactic structure. The perspective of the present study is in the research of the dynamics of the final etiquette formulas of writing in the epistolary of the 18th – 20th centuries, as well as in a more detailed explanation of the pragmatics and functioning of the etiquette formulas depending on the nature of the communicative situation.
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Derba, Svitlana, and Viktoriia Liubchevska-Sokur. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN STUDENTS (REACTIVE CULTURAL GROUP)." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 13(81) (2022): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2022-13(81)-274-278.
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In the article the authors consider the basics of teaching Ukrainian speech etiquette to foreign students. The authors analyze the differences between the use of etiquette formulas by Ukrainians and students from other countries. The study of Ukrainian etiquette formulas by students from Eastern countries in practical classes on Ukrainian as a foreign language is analyzed with the help of a textbook prepared by teachers of Ukrainian and Russian as foreign languages of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. In this paper, we propose to consider the basics of teaching speech etiquette to foreign students of the reactive cultural group according to the classification of R. Lewis. This group includes Japanese, Chinese, Finns, Koreans, Vietnamese and others. Why this group? Because at the Institute of Philology of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, at the Department of Ukrainian and Russian as Foreign Languages, Ukrainian is studied mainly by Chinese citizens. Chinese students are extremely polite. They are careful in their speech, mostly silent and attentive. A teacher of the Ukrainian language in a group of Chinese students must understand that they will never refuse any job offered, they will demonstrate incredible diligence. But the teacher must always remember that these students should be formulated only one task, and after its completion, the second, third, etc. Of course, there are differences between the speech culture of Ukrainians and Chinese. Under the influence of Confucianism, Chinese society adheres to the social rule of "everyone has a class" and "the old is more respected than the young." The thematic classification of etiquette formulas in the textbook on the Ukrainian language for foreign students is substantiated, the factors and contexts according to which foreign students should learn to use Ukrainian etiquette formulas are described. The tasks with the help of which foreign students successfully master the Ukrainian language.
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Dadamirzayeva, Mohidil G'ulomjon qizi. "SPECIFICATIONS FOR PROPER SPEECH ETIQUETTE AS AN APPARATUS FOR CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION." International conference on multidisciplinary science 1, no. 2 (2023): 74–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8388787.
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The article examines speech etiquette in intercultural communication and highlights the rules of speech etiquette of different cultures. The peculiarities of speech etiquette of different peoples at such stages of communication as greeting and farewell are revealed, and the specifics of maintaining a conversation with the help of questions and wishes are also considered.
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Kuzmenko, Vira, and Irina Karabaeva. "ETIQUETTE SPEECH OF PRESCHOOLERS AS AN INDICATOR OF COMMUNICATIVE AND SPEECH READINESS FOR STUDYING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL." PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL 9, no. 4 (2023): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2023.9.4.4.
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This research focuses on the importance of etiquette speech as a key indicator of older preschoolers' readiness for school life in the new Ukrainian school. While many studies explore various aspects of preschoolers' readiness for school, inadequate attention has been given to the specifics of mastering etiquette speech by future first graders, the acquisition of effective linguistic units, and the identification of significant situations for etiquette speech development. The urgency of this research is underscored by its vital role in the moral and cultural education of the younger generation and successful adaptation to new socio-cultural priorities and challenges, making it pedagogically significant in the development of the new Ukrainian school. The study introduces novel approaches to the thesaurus, diagnosis, and tools for etiquette speech development in preschoolers. The article outlines key terminological categories, depicting their relationships through a diagram based on the degree of dependence. The essence and content of the key concept, "etiquette speech of preschoolers," are clarified, emphasizing that it primarily manifests respect. The research presents results from an experimental study on the features of etiquette speech development in older preschoolers. A development program is characterized, which is designed based on creating emotionally rich educational situations with specific goals. The program aims to instill etiquette speech skills, transferring knowledge on proper behavior into habitual and comfortable actions, leading to the automatic execution of socially acceptable behaviors. These skills serve as evidence of a certain cultural level of the individual and act as a prerequisite for effective interaction with others. Experimental situations, involving the identification and improvement of etiquette speech skills, the consolidation of etiquette formulas, and enhanced communication between participants, form the basis of the program. The authors demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, showing that, during the formative experiment (through conversation), the children achieved 100% understanding of politeness concepts and knowledge of related words.
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PETROSYAN, LUSINE. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE AS A NECESSARY TOOL TO DEVELOP CULTURE OF SPEECH BEHAVIOR AT RUSSIAN CLASSES." Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 11, no. 2 (2016): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v11i2.240.
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The article deals with the actual problem of the speech etiquette. The systematic work concerning the development of learners’ culture of speech behavior consists of four stages. Each stage involves certain minimum of grammatical formulas and phrases as the case may require. It is considered to be the main constituent part of communicative competence.
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Yawei, Hu. "Some Features of Etiquette Speech Acts of the Russian Wedding Ceremony in the Aspect of the Formation of Pragmatic Competence of Chinese Students by the study of Russian language." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 10, no. 1 (2019): 463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.4538.
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The subject of the article is the problems of communicative behavior of students. As a result of studying the theoretical material and the practice of its application, an effective method of studying Russian by Chinese students through national features of speech etiquette. All this will increase the level of practical language skills. This article is devoted to the study of Russian as a foreign language on the example of ritual speech acts of the wedding rite in Russian culture. The author believes that the use of speech formulas of etiquette in the teaching of the Russian language will facilitate the effective assimilation of knowledge and the formation of pragmatic competence of students.
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Hreilikh, Olha. "Speech Etiquette as a Component of Teacher's Professional and Pedagogical Communication." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 22, no. 1 (2017): 58–70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1087504.
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<strong><em>A</em></strong><strong><em>BSTRACT</em></strong> <em>In the article </em><em>a</em><em> theoretical review of </em><em>the </em><em>problem of speech etiquette is presented as </em><em>a </em><em>component</em><em> of</em><em> professional</em><em> and </em><em>pedagogical communication. Speech etiquette is </em><em>considered </em><em>as </em><em>the </em><em>pre-condition of professional and personal communication efficiency. The value of </em><em>teacher’s </em><em>language culture</em><em> and</em><em> use of modality </em><em>in uttering to </em><em>student.</em><em>are</em><em> accented. Communicative elements </em><em>which</em> <em>are usually </em><em>use</em><em>d</em><em> in verbal and writing professional</em> <em>pedagogical commonunication are considered. In particular </em><em>they are</em><em> terms, word-co</em><em>mbinations</em><em> and formulas of speech etiquette, that provide </em><em>their including </em><em>in</em><em>to</em><em> speech contact and maintenance of commonunication in th</em><em>e</em><em> select </em><em>tonality</em><em>. It is </em><em>also </em><em>marked in the article, that speech etiquette includes a </em><em>behavioral </em><em>aspect, where an important value is acquired by </em><em>educational power of speech</em><em>.</em>
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Zorina, Yu. "OF PROPER NAMES AS PART OF THE FORMULAS OF FOLK SPEECH ETIQUETTE." Onomastics of the Volga Region, no. 2 (2020): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2020-2.onomast.335-338.
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The article is buit on the material of Russian dialectic formulas of good wishers used by residents of the Vologda villages. A rich illustrative material, correct interpretation of facts convince that the use of good vishes is one of the means of the realization of the politeness category and Northern village communication. Proper names used in the formulas of folk speech etiquette implement special functions - to update the precedent names known in society, as well as to emphasize the role of higher powers that patronize workers.
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Iankyn, N. "Situational Wishes During Work Activities in Russian and Turkish Linguocultures." Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, no. 12 (2024): 634–40. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/109/84.
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The linguocultural aspect of studying linguistic units allows the examination of the mental peculiarities of this or that ethnos. Comparative linguoculturalology provides an opportunity not only to study the mentality of another nation but also to get to know the native language and culture better. The focus of the comparative study of language systems on the national-cultural specificity of language functioning and explanation of this specificity through the type of culture, cultural values, and communicative consciousness of the ethnos determines the relevance of this study. This article analyzes the units of speech etiquette that form the speech act Wish in both Russian and Turkish. A key interest is the wishes during work activity in Russian and Turkish linguocultures. The research was conducted on the basis of the methods used in the comparative linguistic and cultural study of facts. Descriptive analytical and comparative methods were used. The study of etiquette speech expressions in the Turkish language, in comparison with the speech etiquette formulas of the Russian language, has practical importance for studying the field of speech behavior in terms of objectification of national mentality as a specific code of culture reflecting the features of national linguistic self-consciousness.
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ПОДЛЕВСЬКА, Н. "МОВНО-КОМУНІКАТИВНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЕТИКЕТНИХ ФОРМ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ТА ПОЛЬСЬКІЙ МОВАХ". Current issues of linguistics and translation studies 20 (30 грудня 2020): 33–40. https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2020-20-6.
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The culture of communication is a component of human culture in general. Speech etiquette forms a person's behavior – encourages him to behave in a certain way in accordance with a specific situation in which it can very clearly see the impact of language on a person and his behavior, national consciousness etc. The culture of communication is always characterized by ethnic characteristics, national identity, and speech etiquette should be considered as a phenomenon that reproduces the mentality of people. The theoretical foundations of speech development are based on the achievements of linguistics, linguodidactics, psychology, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, communicative linguistics, and speech etiquette becomes the subject of research for linguists dealing with pragmatics, sociology, psychology and psychology. Today, the role of active interpersonal and intercultural communication in a multicultural environment is undeniable. Our time is a time of communications, even electronic-computer, however in any communication a culture of communication is necessary. The interaction of Polish and Ukrainian languages, on the one hand, contributes to their mutual enrichment, and on the other - creates the phenomenon of undesirable interference, accordingly and mistakes made in this case indicate a lack of knowledge of both native and foreign languages. The similarity of both Slavic languages is often misleading by the unity of the forms of use of some grammatical, stylistic, etiquette constructions, which have different meanings or uses in both languages. The article clarifies the main categorical apparatus on the research topic; examples of the most common formulas of speech etiquette in communicative situations of greetings, farewells, apologies, requests, thanks, wishes, acquaintances, appeals, consents, objections, sympathies, suggestions in Ukrainian and Polish are given. Attention is concentrated on topical issues of successful intercultural communication - the use of speech etiquette in Ukrainian and Polish, which is important in the training of future Polish philologists.
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Waśkowski, Krzysztof. "Grzeczność językowa w listach Katarzyny Smreczyńskiej do syna Władysława Orkana." LingVaria 20, no. 1(39) (2025): 105–17. https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.20.2025.39.08.
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LINGUISTIC POLITENESS IN THE LETTERS OF KATARZYNA SMRECZYŃSKA TO HER SON WŁADYSŁAW ORKAN The article discusses the formulas of linguistic politeness in Katarzyna Smreczyńska’s letters to her son, Władysław Orkan. The text is based on the results of research on Polish linguistic etiquette and old epistolography. The analysis covered performative speech acts typical of the issue. The use of polite formulas served to emphasise the personal bond between the dialogue participants. It was responsible for maintaining contact in an indirect communication situation, which proves the power of the phatic function in letters. The text attempts to answer the question of how the letter writers influenced communication etiquette. Katarzyna Smreczyńska’s addition of random writers influenced the pace of exchange of correspondence and required acts of politeness (for example, justifying her tardiness). The participation of intermediaries writing down the text made it possible to initiate etiquette acts that went beyond the conventional composition of a letter.
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Taranenko, Kseniia. "The Courtly Strategy of Speech Behavior of a Communicative Sadist." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 25, no. 2 (2019): 290–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-2-290-306.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of mechanisms of the courtly strategy of speech behavior as an expression of communicative sadism. The research was conducted in the context of psycholinguistics at the intersection of semantics, linguistic pragmatics and communicative linguistics. Considerable attention is paid to the essence, nature and characteristics of the phenomenon of communicative sadism, as well as the importance of studying this phenomenon as a variety of mental violence. A comparative analysis of foreign and domestic publications devoted to the study of aggression and violence in communication was carried out. The concepts of verbal aggression and communicative sadism were delimitated in detail and scientifically substantiated.
 The phenomenon of communicative sadism is analyzed from the standpoint of destructive speech behavior, which is based on the three most common strategies of conflict behavior – invective, rational-heuristic, and courtly. A detailed study of the mechanisms of the courtly strategy of speech behavior by the semantic differential method has allowed opening the hidden semantics of the words of courtesy and etiquette formulas of the Ukrainian language. Cases of verbal abuse and humiliation of the interlocutor by the mechanisms of the courtly strategy of speech behavior are illustrated by examples of literary discourses and real-life dialogues. It is proved that etiquette formulas, words of courtesy, as well as lexemes with suffixes of diminution, caressing, which are affiliated with positive semantics in a linguistic system, are used within the framework of the courtly strategy of speech behavior with a provocative purpose to offend, humiliate or rebuke the opponent.
 The conducted analysis allows expanding scientific knowledge about the range of receptions of a communicative sadist. In the conclusions the courtly mechanisms of the sadisti’s behavior in communication is clearly outlined. Among them is the tendency to indirect means of expressing disagreement (ignorance through silence), the disguise of the expression of negative emotions behind the etiquette speech formulas as well as the indirect confrontation by the means of emphasized politeness. Thus, in the work the main speech techniques of communicative sadistic mistreatment over the interlocutor are indicated, further research of which will allow to develop methods of counteracting violence in communication.
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Kovalenko, Borys, and Natalia Kovalenko. "Etiquette language formulas in the epistolary legacy of Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi." Linguistics, no. 1 (45) (2022): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2631-2021-1-45-90-100.
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The language creating by M. Kotsiubynskyi is rightly considered an outstanding phenomenon in the development of the Ukrainian literary language. The writer's epistolary covers a fairly wide range of addressees, among whom were his friends and casual acquaintances, the author was not spiritually close and unanimous in views with all addressees, sometimes he communicated exclusively on an official level. Kotsiubynskyi corresponded with almost all prominent personalities of that time, so his epistolary heritage contains many interesting facts about the history of the publication and distribution of Ukrainian books, the history of censorship repressions, etc. The works of S. Antonenko, S. Bohdan, S. Hanzha, I. Hryhorenko, N. Zhuravlova, O. Kalyta, M. Kotsiubynska, V. Kuzmenko, K. Lenets, A. Nairulin, S. Sviatovets, I. Fokina are devoted to the issues of poetics, the reception of the epistolary genre and style, and the study of the epistolary of writers. Language and etiquette formulas of the epistolary heritage of Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi are studied in the article. The following formulas of speech etiquette have been analyzed: greeting, adressing, farewell, apology, request, postscript. Etiquette formulas take an important place in the writer's epistolary. The special features are the use of adressing in the exclamatory form, traditional formulas at the beginning and end of letters, the use of formulas of greetings, apologies, requests, and postscripts. The author is characterized by ease in choosing certain language means and immediacy in expressing emotions.
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Klepacka, Kamila. "Etykieta językowa w Listach na wyczerpanym papierze Agnieszki Osieckiej i Jeremiego Przybory." ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS PAEDAGOGICAE CRACOVIENSIS. STUDIA LINGUISTICA, no. 13 (November 18, 2018): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20831765.13.3.
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Article ‘Language etiquette in Letters on exhausted paper by Agnieszka Osiecka and Jeremi Przybora’ is a linguistic analysis of about 100 letters of correspondents. Speech acts presented in this correspondence include: addressees’ formulas, requests, thanks, compliments and farewell acts. This article mentions the names and research of eminent linguists, such as Małgorzata Marcjanik, Krystyna Data or Eugeniusz Grodziński. It is worth noting that the courtesy formulas conceived by the correspondents express the ties between them, creating the appearance of direct contact.
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Binbin, Shen. "ETIQUETTE VOCATIVES IN FAMILY COMMUNICATION OF RUSSIAN NOBILITY IN THE XIXth CENTURY." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 9. Current Trends in Language Development, no. 22 (January 12, 2022): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series9.2021.22.01.
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The article is an analytical research from the standpoint of the latest linguistic knowledge – linguistic pragmatics and cultural linguistics – vocatives as speech etiquette formulas that function in Russian classical prose of the XIXth century. In the article, an attempt was made to comprehensively study such a component of communicative-speech interaction in a family as vocative, or address: considering this category not only as performing a number of important functions in the communication process, but also setting a certain “pattern” of deployment of the entire communicative process, as well as significantly affects the tonality of the latter. Vocatives as components of the process of verbal communication are considered as formulas of speech etiquette, which makes it possible to take into account not only the linguistic characteristics of the category under consideration, but also extremely important semantic increments of social, cultural and other extralinguistic properties. The analyzed fragments of works of art allowed the author to demonstrate that in the noble environment, communication between parents and children took a special place in family communication. The vocatives used in this case almost always have an explicit positive emotional-expressive colouring, which contributes to the formation of the corresponding communication tonality: the tonality of love, tenderness, trust, and the like.
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Binbin, Shen. "ETIQUETTE VOCATIVES IN FAMILY COMMUNICATION OF RUSSIAN NOBILITY IN THE XIXth CENTURY." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 9. Current Trends in Language Development, no. 22 (January 12, 2022): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series9.2021.22.01.
Full textAbstract:
The article is an analytical research from the standpoint of the latest linguistic knowledge – linguistic pragmatics and cultural linguistics – vocatives as speech etiquette formulas that function in Russian classical prose of the XIXth century. In the article, an attempt was made to comprehensively study such a component of communicative-speech interaction in a family as vocative, or address: considering this category not only as performing a number of important functions in the communication process, but also setting a certain “pattern” of deployment of the entire communicative process, as well as significantly affects the tonality of the latter. Vocatives as components of the process of verbal communication are considered as formulas of speech etiquette, which makes it possible to take into account not only the linguistic characteristics of the category under consideration, but also extremely important semantic increments of social, cultural and other extralinguistic properties. The analyzed fragments of works of art allowed the author to demonstrate that in the noble environment, communication between parents and children took a special place in family communication. The vocatives used in this case almost always have an explicit positive emotional-expressive colouring, which contributes to the formation of the corresponding communication tonality: the tonality of love, tenderness, trust, and the like.
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У.У., Гасанова. "Функционирование некоторых речевых этикетных формул в даргинском языке". Modern Humanities Success, № 9 (28 вересня 2024): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2618-7175-2024-9-28-32.
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в статье проводится анализ функционирования некоторых речевых этикетных формул в даргинском языке. Монографических работ, посвященных всестороннему анализу речевых формул дагестанских языков, на сегодняшний день не существует. Они транслируют характерные особенности народа, меткость и лаконичность языка. Даргинский язык, как и другие языки народов Дагестана, богат своими меткими формулами речевого этикета. Особенно часто данные речевые формулы носителями ряда даргинских диалектов. Удельный вес даргинских недобрых пожеланий намного выше, чем благопожеланий. Недобрые пожелания распределяются на различные тематические подгруппы. Это проклятия, адресованные домашним животным и птицам, недобрые пожелания, адресованные людям, проклятия в адрес вещей, явлений. Чаще всего из возникновение связано из-за ссоры, вражды, недовольства. Характерны они больше женщинам, нежели мужчинам. Женщины в силу своей эмоциональности более экспрессивны, чем мужчины. Среди проклятий отмечаются степени усиления: мягко выраженные недобрые пожелания, средней степени усиленности и высшей степени усиленности. the article analyzes the functioning of some speech etiquette formulas in the Darginian language. To date, there are no monographic works devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the speech formulas of the Dagestani languages. They convey the characteristic features of the people, the accuracy and conciseness of the language. The Darginian language, like other languages of the peoples of Dagestan, is rich in its apt formulas of speech etiquette. These speech formulas are especially often used by speakers of a number of Darginian dialects. The proportion of Darginian ill wishes is much higher than well-wishes. Unkind wishes are divided into various thematic subgroups. These are curses addressed to pets and birds, unkind wishes addressed to people, curses against things, phenomena. Most often, their occurrence is due to quarrels, enmity, discontent. They are more characteristic of women than men. Women, by virtue of their emotionality, are more expressive than men. Among the curses, there are degrees of amplification: mildly expressed ill wishes, medium degree of intensity and the highest degree of intensity.
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Lukinova, Olga V. "Language Reflection: Digital Etiquette." World of the Russian Word, no. 3 (2023): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu30.2023.303.
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The author argues that modern digital etiquette is in the process of formation and constantly evolving. Old norms of business correspondence do not always align with the current conditions and users’ views on effective and ethical communication. Researchers are faced with the question of what can serve as a source of information on emerging ethical and linguistic norms. The purpose of the article is to prove that the analysis of language reflection can be an effective way to study the norms of modern digital etiquette. The study conducted in the fall of 2022 used the method of analyzing the corpus of language reflection. The dataset obtained through a two-stage survey includes an assessment by 3464 Internet users of 92 formulas and expressions used in digital correspondence. The article analyzes the state of modern digital etiquette, substantiates the need for the analysis of language reflection to study ethical and speech norms, describes the methodology of studying language reflection through surveys, and con cludes on the necessity of analyzing language reflection to capture trends in digital etiquette. The novelty of the article is determined by at least two factors. Firstly, it addresses the topic of unexplored and unstable norms of digital etiquette. Secondly, it highlights the need to analyze language reflection on the rules of speech behavior on the web. The significance of the study is related to the fact that digital etiquette norms are constantly changing, and researchers need a tool to capture such changes. The practical value of the study is that it enables certain recommendations on email etiquette and warns against potential communicative failures in internet communication.
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Dadamirzayeva, Mohidil G'ulomjon qizi. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE AS A PART OF THE ETHNIC MINIMUM." "XXI ASRDA INNOVATSION TEXNOLOGIYALAR, FAN VA TAʼLIM TARAQQIYOTIDAGI DOLZARB MUAMMOLAR" nomli respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi 1, no. 10 (2023): 5–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399882.
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In this article, speaking manners are discussed as a part of the cultural minimum. In particular, the choice of speech etiquette rules has an impact on learning a foreign language. The history of language can be traced back to the prehistoric era when speech etiquette first emerged. According to the members of the ancient civilization, human speaking activity can directly affect people, animals, and the environment; controlling this activity is primarily related to the desire to produce certain events or, on the other hand, to avoid them.
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Шафаги, М., and Ю. А. Зотова. "THE CONCEPT OF «HONOR» IN ETIQUETTE SPEECH ACTS OF RUSSIAN AND PERSIAN LANGUAGES." Russkii iazyk za rubezhom, no. 1(290) (March 15, 2022): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37632/pi.2022.290.1.005.
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В данной статье на примере русского и персидского языков делается попытка сравнительного анализа концепта «честь» и его выражения в этикетных речевых формулах. В обеих культурах концепт «честь» связан как с внутренним миром человека, так и с его внешними проявлениями и оценками в обществе. В русской лингвокультуре высоко ценится военная честь, честь и правда для русских неотделимы друг от друга. В статье объясняются такие составляющие иранского концепта «честь», как «сохранение лица» (аб-е-ру) и «намус». Концепт «честь» часто реализуется в этикетных речевых актах. Важной и специфичной реалией иранской жизни является «таароф» – устоявшийся свод правил иранского этикета. В статье приводятся значения этого слова, возможные эквиваленты на русском языке, объясняются основные характеристики этого культурного феномена. Иранские этикетные речевые формулы, в которых выражается концепт «честь», авторы разделяют на две группы по стилистическому признаку. В отличие от русского языка в персидских выражениях, характерных для разговорного стиля, уважение, честь оказываются собеседнику посредством самоуничижения. In this article, on the example of the Russian and Persian languages, an attempt is made to comparatively analyze the concept of «honor» and its expression in etiquette speech formulas. In both cultures, the concept of «honor» is associated both with the inner world of a person and with his external manifestations and assessments in society. In Russian linguistic culture, military honor is highly valued, for Russians honor and truth inseparable from each other. The article explains such components of the Iranian concept of «honor» as «saving face» (ab-e-ru) and «namus». The concept of «honor» is often implemented in etiquette speech acts. An important and specific reality of Iranian life is «taarof» – an established set of rules of Iranian etiquette. The article gives the meanings of this word, possible equivalents in Russian language, explains the basic principles of this cultural phenomenon. Iranian etiquette speech formulas, in which the concept of «honor» is expressed, are divided into two groups on a stylistic basis. Unlike the Russian language, in Persian expressions characteristic of the colloquial style, respect, honor are given to the interlocutor through self-deprecation.
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Mashkovich, Ol'ga Aleksandrovna. "Axiological dominants of the rhetorical ideal of modern students in the texts of presidential speeches." Филология: научные исследования, no. 6 (June 2021): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2021.6.35884.
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&nbsp; The object of this research is the rhetorical ideal of modern students, while the subject is the means of verbalization of axiological dominants of the rhetorical ideal of modern students. The goal consists in determination of the system of means of explication of value-speech dominants of the rhetorical ideal of Russian students in the texts of public speeches of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin, recognized by youth as a successful speaker. The article employs the methods of questionnaire and linguo-axiological interpretation. Special attention is given to the description of the communicative and speech values of modern students formed in the conditions of informatization and globalization of the society, emergence of new communication platforms, which were determined in the course of questionnaire. The analysis of the President's texts revealed the system of means of verbalization of axiological dominants of modern students. It is established that the manifestation of respect for the interlocutor is explicated through the speech act of greeting, etiquette formulas, and selection of particular topics. The axiological dominant of naturalness is explicated on the lexical level, elements of colloquial speech, precedent statements, and figurative language. Inversion serves as the syntactic means of expressing naturalness. Truth is verbalized by means of argumentation. For persuasion effect, the texts of V. Putin contain modal-axiological lexicon and tactic of accentuating the semantic parts of speech. The leading means of dialogueness are targeting and authorization, question and answer forms, rhetorical questions, generalization and concretization techniques, etiquette formulas of welcoming and greetings, complimentary speech acts. The acquired results indicate that the status V. Putin as an effective speaker in communication consciousness of young generation is determined by the use of textual means that verbalize axiological dominants relevant for modern students. &nbsp;
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Полищук, А. И., and А. Годрати. "GREETING AND FAREWELL FORMULAS IN SPEECH ETIQUETTE OF THE IRANIAN-SPEAKING AND RUSSIAN-SPEAKING ENVIRONMENT." Известия СОИГСИ, no. 45(84) (September 14, 2022): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2022.84.45.001.
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Речевой этикет каждого народа фиксирует определенные этнические особенности, понимание которых способствует успешной межкультурной коммуникации, установлению и поддержанию позитивных дружеских и деловых отношений. В статье проведено сопоставление формул прощания в иранской, русской и в осетинской лингвокультурной среде, которая интересна как среда культурного пограничья между иранской и русской культурами. С одной стороны, осетины – ираноязычный народ, с другой – российский, давно приобщенный к русской культуре. Актуальность такого сопоставительного анализа обусловлена интересом к проблемам межъязыкового общения, а также выявлением общих, значимых для каждой культуры понятий и ментальных установок, и отличительной специфики речевого поведения. Адекватным методом исследования представляется анализ таарофа – специфической особенности церемониального характера в персидском языке – в сопоставлении ее с речевым этикетом в осетинском и отчасти в русском языках. В персидской лингвокультуре для разных речевых актов характерны определенные устойчивые обороты, выражающие иранскую церемонию, вежливость и «сохранение лица» в обществе. Устойчивые обороты прощания выражают специфику ситуации общения между коммуникантами: в гостях, на работе, на улице, в других ситуациях. Выявлено, что таароф имеет смысловое сходство с осетинским речевым этикетом, в котором встречаются прямые аналоги персидских формул. Принципиальное отличие иранского таарофа с его сладкоречивыми и многословными формами от осетинской лингвокультуры заключается в сдержанности, строгости и немногословности последней. Установлены также примеры принципиальной несхожести форм речевого этикета в персидском и русском языках, обусловленные отсутствием соответствующих понятий в культуре. Практическая значимость проведенного исследования заключается в прояснении сложностей перевода, связанного с отсутствием точных эквивалентов, обосновании значимости контекстуального перевода, основанного на понимании этнокультурной специфике. Speech etiquette of each nation fixes certain ethnic characteristics, the understanding of which contributes to successful intercultural communication, the establishment and maintenance of positive friendly and business relations. This article compares the formulas of farewell in the Iranian linguo-cultural environment, in the Russian and Ossetian, which is interesting as an environment of the cultural border between the Iranian and Russian cultures. On the one hand, Ossetians are an Iranian-speaking people, on the other hand, they live in Russia, and have long been exposed to Russian culture. The relevance of such a comparative analysis is due to the interest in the problems of interlingual communication, as well as the identification of common concepts and mental attitudes that are significant for each culture, and the distinctive specifics of speech behavior. An adequate method of research is the analysis of taarof - a specific feature of the ceremonial character in the Persian language, in comparison with its speech etiquette in the Ossetian and partly in Russian languages. In the Persian linguo-cultural environment, various speech acts are characterized by certain stable turns of phrase expressing Iranian ceremony, politeness and "saving face" in society. Stable turns of farewell express the specifics of the situation of communication between communicants: at a party, at work, in the street, in other situations. It is revealed that taarofa has a semantic similarity with Ossetian speech etiquette, in which there are direct analogues of Persian formulas. The fundamental difference between taarofa, with its sweet-tongued and verbose forms, and ossetian linguistic culture lies in its restraint, severity and taciturnity. Examples of the fundamental dissimilarity of forms of speech etiquette in Persian and Russian languages, due to the lack of corresponding concepts in culture, have also been established. The practical significance of the study lies in clarifying the difficulties of translation associated with the lack of exact equivalents, substantiating the significance of contextual translation based on an understanding of ethno-cultural specifics.
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Б., Шэнь. "ПОВЕСТЬ Л. Н. ТОЛСТОГО «ОТРОЧЕСТВО» КАК «ЭНЦИКЛОПЕДИЯ» СЕМЕЙНЫХ ОБРАЩЕНИЙ РУССКОЙ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРЫ ХIХ ВЕКА". Русская филология. Вестник ХНПУ имени Г.С. Сковороды 2, № 64 (2018): 8–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1244624.
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The article analyzes the system of appeals (speech-etiquette formulas) used in one of the works of Russian classical literature – L. N. Tolstoy’s story «Тне boyhood», which is included in the trilogy ―Childhood. Boyhood. Youth‖. It is demonstrated that the author’s addresses, functioning in the sphere of family communication Irtenievs’, not only contain the information necessary for the given communicative situation, but also have a pronounced linguocultural meaning.
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Zhikulina, Christina Petrovna. "Siri and the skills of encoding personal meanings in the context of English speech etiquette." Litera, no. 12 (December 2023): 338–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2023.12.69345.
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The subject of the study is the content of personal meanings of greeting questions in the context of English communication formulas of Siri. The object of the study is the ability of the voice assistant to simulate spontaneous dialogue with a person and the adaptation of artificial intelligence to natural speech. The purpose of the study is to identify the features and level of Siri's language skills in the process of communicating with users in English. Such aspects of the topic as the problem of understanding that exists in two types of communication are considered in detail: 1) between a person and a person; 2) between a machine and a person; the use of stable communication formulas by artificial intelligence as responses to the question «How are you?»; determining the level and speech-making potential in the responses of the voice assistant. The following methods were used in the research: descriptive, comparative, contextual, comparative method and linguistic experiment. The scientific novelty is that the problems related to encoding the personal meanings of the Siri voice assistant have never been studied in detail in philology and linguistics. Due to the prevalence use of voice systems in various spheres of social and public life, there is a need to analyze errors in speech and describe communication failures in dialogues between voice assistants and users. The main conclusions of the study are: 1) the machine is not able to generate answers based on the experience of past impressions; 2) deviations from the norms of English speech etiquette in Siri's responses are insignificant, but often lead to communicative failures; 3) the one-sided encoding of personal meaning was found in the responses: from the machine to the person, but not vice versa.
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Gabdreeva, N. V., and Abu Ghriekanah A. S. E. "Arabic Greeting Etiquette: A Linguocultural Aspect." Concept: philosophy, religion, culture 8, no. 2 (2024): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2024-2-30-99-110.
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The article examines speech communication with the example of the various forms of greetings in a number of dialects of the modern Arabic language. The relevance of the study is caused by the intensified contacts between Russia and the Arab world. The theoretical significance is caused by the need to specify the relation between the peculiarities of Arabic as of today and the social, religious and everyday culture of the region. The study aims to identify the most popular forms of greetings in the Arabic language and its five dialects (Levantine, Egyptian, Moroccan, Iraqi and the dialect of the Arab Gulf) widely used across the Middle East and Northen Africa. The following tasks were set: 1) to verify the hypothesis that Arab countries share universal forms of greeting; 2) to outline the specific features of local greetings in the Middle East; 3) to analyze the greeting formulas with regard to the religion, gender, age and social status of speakers; 4) to investigate and hypothesize the origins of linguistic transformations. The materials for the study were collected by the author in the course of involved observation and included field notes from Jordan and interviews with Arab students of the Kazan Federal University. The materials were processed with the help of content-analysis and expert assessment. The study has showed that in the Arab language there exist universal forms of greetings, with local specificities understandable for all those living in the region. The analysis proved that apart from religion, linguocultural factors are at play leading to original multiple-words formulas reducing to one or two words with the same meaning. The reductionist trend is also observed in the phonetical structure of the words, especially among the youth. Providing commentary to the usage of greeting in Arabic, the study is of practical relevance to a wide range of readers because it clarifies the cultural code and helps avoid misunderstanding.
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Skripichnikova, N. S., and O. V. Litvyak. "Russian, American and French police officers professional vocabulary features: speech culture ethic." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 10 (October 26, 2023): 882–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2310-06.
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The article deals with the professional vocabulary of American, French and Russian police officers from the ethical side of professional communication, i.e. socially oriented and nationally determined rules of speech behavior, including set expressions accepted in a professional society and used in situations of “polite” contact with an interlocutor. Etiquette greeting formulas, communication with partners, boss and colleagues from an informal point of view are compared. Similar features in the use of jargon, slang and professionalism in the speech of police officers in French, English and Russian are analyzed. Examples of dialogues, statements are taken from dictionaries, police speech researches and studies, live speech, as well as modern films that currently show the life and work of the police in the most realistic and close to life. The specify of police work contributes to rudeness, obscene vocabulary, sarcasm and self-irony, a large amount of professional jargon in speech, which makes the speech of a policeman bright, emotionally and expressively colored.
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Хулхачиева, Женишкуль, та Татьяна Грибанова. "ОБУЧЕНИЕ РЕЧЕВОМУ ЭТИКЕТУ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МУЛЬТИМЕДИЙНЫХ СРЕДСТВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ КЫРГЫЗСКОГО ЯЗЫКА КАК ИНОСТРАННОГО". Vestnik Bishkek Humanities University, № 50 (15 січня 2020): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35254/bhu.2019.50.49.
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Аннотация: Статья «Обучение речевому этикету с использованием мультимедийных средств в процессе изучения кыргызского языка как иностранного» посвящена вопросу обучения речевому этикету как части овладения межкультурной коммуникативной компетенции в ходе преподавания кыргызского языка русскоязычной аудитории. Эффективная коммуникация с представителями иного лингвокультурного сообщества невозможна без формирования не только двуязычной, но и бикультурной языковой личности. Задача формирования подобных компетенций делает неотъемлемой частью процесса обучения такой аспект, как речевой этикет. Изучая правила этикета, обучающийся присваивает часть социального речевого опыта народа, овладевает культурно-речевыми эталонами, характерными для среды проживания. Однако навыки речевого этикета, как и любые другие навыки, не формируются сами собой. Решение такой задачи зависит от качества учебных материалов, используемых при обучении иностранному языку и культуре. Авторы представляют результаты использования лингвострановедческого учебно-методического пособия с мультимедийной поддержкой и наглядные доказательства его эффективности для обучения кыргызскому языку как иностранному русскоязычных студентов лингвистических специальностей. Данное мультимедийное пособие успешно зарекомендовало себя в процессе обучения культуре речевого общения речевому этикету. Ключевые слова: речевой этикет; мультимедийные средства; язык и культура; формирование компетенций; эффективность обучения. Аннотация: Макала кыргыз тилин орус тилдүү аудиторияда кеп маданиятына үйрөтүү маселесине арналган. Чет тилде сүйлөгөн, башка маданияттын өкүлдөрү менен эффективдүү пикир алышуу үчүн, эки элдин маданияттын, тилин билген атуулдарын тарбиялап өстүрүү керек. Коммуникативдик компетенцияны өнүктүрүү маселесинде кеп маданиятына үйрөтүү зор мааниге ээ. Башка элдин жүрүм-турум эрежелерин үйрөнүү менен, окуучу өзүнө ошол элдин маданиятын, тилдик өзгөчөлүктөрүн өздөштүрө алат. Ушул сыяктуу маселени чечүү чет тилине, маданиятына үйрөтүүдө колдонулуучу окуу материалдарынын сапатына жараша болот. Макаланын авторлору тил окутууда өлкө таануу боюнча түзүлгөн окууусулдук комплексинин материалдарынын кыргыз тилин чет тил катары окутууда колдонулушу жана алардын эффективдүү экендиги жөнүндө баяндашкан. Түйүндүү сөздөр: кеп маданияты, мультимедиялык каражаттар, тил жана маданият, компетенцияларды өнүктүрүү, окутуунун эффективдүүлүгү. Abstract: The present article deals with teachng Kyrghyz speech etiquette to the Russian-speaking audience as part of multicultural communicative competence. Com- munication with speakers of a different linguocultural community can’t be effective with out forming both bilingual and bicultural language personality, which is impossible with out knowing speech etiquette rules. Speech etiquette comprises a wide range of language and speech units reflecting the cultural experience developed in society to provide non-conflict interpersonal communication. Following the etiquette rules, one acquires the social experience of the people, their most significant culture-specific communicative patterns. Thus, the introduction of speech etiquette formulas to the teaching process contributes to creating a more comfortable and emotionally positive communicative atmosphere. The success of this task greatly depends on the quality of materials used for teaching foreign language and culture. The authors of the article present the results of approbating the lingvocultural multimedia aids to teaching Kyrghyz to Russian-speaking students majoring in linguistics, proving the effectiveness in making the process of language and culture acquisition more creative and personified. Key words: speech etiquette; multimedia aids; language and culture; forming competencies; effective teaching
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Sheraliyeva, Gulnoza Usmanovna. "IDIOMS AND PROVERBS IN ENGLISH." ilm-fan 1, no. 23 (2023): 8–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8388500.
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Linguo-culturology is a rapidly expanding field at the interface between linguistics, cultural studies, ethno-linguistics and sociolinguistics. It deals with the “deep level” of semantics, and brings into correlation linguistic meanings and the concepts of universal and national cultures. One of the main tasks of linguoculturology is to define culturally important language units. The study of the linguistic literature shows that culture specific units are found in such groups of words as: non-equivalent lexicon, anthroponyms, mytholegemes, phraseological units, paronimia, speech formulas of etiquette, etc.
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Yapparova, Venera Nagimovna, Juliya Viktorovna Ageeva, and Adamka Pavol. "Verbal Politeness as an Important Tool of Diplomacy." Journal of Politics and Law 12, no. 5 (2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v12n5p57.
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This article examines the notion of diplomatic courtesy and analyzes the ways of its language expression in Russian diplomatic discourse on the example of the speeches delivered by the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation Sergey Lavrov.
 
 Diplomatic courtesy is considered by the authors as an integral part of the diplomatic language, which, being a component of the official business style, is characterized by standardization, normalization, lack of emotionality and neutrality. At the same time, the diplomatic language allows the use of language means that are not regulated by the diplomatic protocol, which act as euphemisms and allow expressing opinions on acute political problems without violating the existing rules of diplomatic communication.
 
 The success of diplomatic communication is achieved with the help of universal speech formulas that serve as a means of manifesting courtesy and correspond to the standards of diplomatic communication. Such speech formulas themselves do not have legal force, but they have great moral and political power, since they contribute to the regulation of the nature of relations between countries.
 
 The article shows that diplomatic courtesy can be both positive and negative. The degree of courtesy in a diplomat&#39;s speech may depend on a wide range of various factors conditioned by the dependence of diplomatic etiquette on the specifics of interaction between communicants.
 
 Based on the results of the conducted research, the authors came to the conclusion that during various meetings the Minister of Foreign Affairs uses the following verbal means - speech formulas of greeting, address, compliment, invitation, gratitude, condolence, farewell. The frequency of such speech formulas is explained by the need of abidance of an international protocol that prescribes to diplomatic staff a certain sequence of verbal and non-verbal actions.
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Rogovets, Anastasia S. "“What is Your Good Name?”: on Translating Multicultural Literature." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 16, no. 3 (2019): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2019-16-3-406-414.
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The article discusses distinguishing features of speech etiquette in Indian English and certain aspects of its translation into Russian. The relevance of this research topic is determined by the current spread of English as an international language and by the emergence of the World Englishes paradigm. In India there are a lot of cultural conventions that do not have English equivalents and, thus, cannot be expressed adequatelyby means of the English language. As a result of the language contact, Indian English has got an impact on its linguistic setting from Hindi and other regional languages. This linguistic transfer from Indian languages can be seen at various levels, including the use of politeness formulas. In this article the focus is made on the politeness formula “What is your good name?”, which is a polite way of asking someone’s name. This etiquette question is one of the most common Indian English politeness patterns, generalized all over India. The article analyzes the etymology of this expression and explains why it is frequently encountered in the speech of Indian English users, as well as to show the important role of such an analysis in overcoming translation difficulties.
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Melgunova, Anna V. "RENDERING MEANS OF EXPRESSING POLITENESS IN THE TRANSLATION OF N. V. GOGOL’S POEM DEAD SOULS INTO GERMAN." German Philology at the St Petersburg State University 13 (2023): 212–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu33.2023.111.
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The article discusses the linguistic means of expressing politeness N. V. Gogol’s poem Dead Souls and the possibilities of their rendering in German translation suggested by F. Löbenstein in 1846. The poem features numerous communicative situations in which speakers strive to achieve their goals using various speech strategies determined by the social status and interpersonal relationships of the interlocutors. The novelty of the research lies in the consideration of the poem’s text of the translation precisely in regard to conveying various shades of polite treatment by Gogol’s contemporary. The introduction provides a brief overview of the scientific works that served as the theoretical basis for this article. They are devoted to politeness in Russian and German linguocultures, fiction and translation. Special attention is paid to addressing the interlocutor, speech etiquette formulas, the request and the apology. Discrepancies between the Russian and German versions resulting from the lack of equivalents in German are revealed. For example, the address barin ʻmasterʼ is translated as gnӓdiger Herr — milostivyy gosudar’ ʻdear sirʼ. In some cases differences in the German text can be considered a translator’s decision influenced by his perception of the plot and a nature of characters, which manifests in, for instance, using a different mood in translation or other means of expressing modality. The article describes some features of etiquette formulas inherent to the Russian-speaking culture of the 19th century and analyzes ways in which the means of expressing politeness are rendered in German translation as well as their appropriateness.
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Корепова, Клара Евгеньевна. "I Send You My Front-Line Greetings! The Speech Etiquette of Soldiers’ Letters." ТРАДИЦИОННАЯ КУЛЬТУРА, no. 2 (August 14, 2021): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26158/tk.2021.22.2.001.
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В статье на основе неопубликованных фронтовых писем и нескольких опубликованных сборников, содержащих около 500 текстов, рассматривается эпистолярий Великой Отечественной войны. Отмечается его неоднородность: существование в нем двух категорий писем в зависимости от социальной дифференциации адресантов и связей их с разными слоями национальной культуры. Основные различия при общей жанровой этикетности проявляются в степени использования готовых форм, стереотипности содержания и формы, а на речевом уровне - в степени формульности и клишированности. Различия касаются также круга используемых формул и характера их функционирования. Для писем людей книжной культуры характерен лаконизм в использовании клише; владея всем набором коллективно выработанных этикетных формул, адресант распоряжается ими свободно, выбирает одну в зависимости от контекста или не пользуется ею совсем. В корреспонденции солдат коллективно выработанные этикетные формы в структуре письма занимают бóльшее место. Расширение этикетной части происходит за счет приемов, характерных для коллективного творчества. Прозаический текст может дополняться эпистолярными стихами, распространенными в бытовой народной переписке. Выявлению стилевого разнообразия может способствовать изучение фронтовых писем в контексте всей массовой эпистолярной традиции, поскольку многие эпистолярные формулы сложились еще до войны или существовали уже в начале века. This article examines the epistolary heritage of the Great Patriotic War based on unpublished front-line letters and several published collections of them, in all about 500 texts. The letters are heterogeneous and may be divided into two categories, depending on the social status of the writers and their connections to different strata of national culture. The main differences in etiquette are manifested in the quantity of ready-made forms; stereotyped content; and at the speech level - in their degree of formality and use of clichés. The differences also relate to the range of formulas used and the way they function. In the letters by people of book culture, laconism in the use of clichés is characteristic; these writers are able to make use of the entire range of collectively developed etiquette formula and to dispose of them freely, depending on the context. In the correspondence of soldiers, collectively developed forms of etiquette occupy a larger place. Increased use of these forms is due to techniques characteristic of collective creativity. The prose text may be supplemented with epistolary verses common in everyday folk correspondence. Identifying stylistic diversity can aid the study of front-line letters in the context of the entire epistolary tradition insofar as many epistolary formulas were formed before the war or existed at the beginning of the century.
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Бахаева, Л. М., and Т. Д. Магомадова. "The etiquette model of "praise": gender aspect." Modern Humanities Success, no. 5 (May 28, 2024): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2618-7175-2024-5-103-109.
Full textAbstract:
в данной статье представлена этикетная модель «похвала» с гендерной позиции. Современная школа должна систематически уделять внимание на уроках русского языка развитию речи, в особенности нормам коммуникативного поведения – этическим моделям речевого жанра. Языковое оформление этикета несет функцию вежливого общения в различных ситуациях диалогического акта. Школа является самым ярким примером становления личности, способной в будущем проявить себя как интеллигентный человек в коммуникативном обществе. Начиная с первых лет обучения в школе дети должны познавать слова, выражающие этикет как отношение не только к сверстникам, но и людям разной возрастной категории. Правильно подобранный материал на уроках русского языка с использованием единиц-маркеров для доброжелательного отношения к собеседнику можно использовать по каждой теме, независимо от предметного календарно-тематического плана. Если учитывать при изучении рассматриваемой темы гендерную позицию коммуникантов, то усвоение и применение правил в речевом жанре будет намного эффективней. Небольшой эксперимент среди учащихся показал, как важно правильно пользоваться языковыми единицами этикетных формул учителями для мотивации школьников к учебной деятельности и благоприятной атмосферы диалогического общения не только внутри одной коммуникативной среды, но и в межкультурном взаимодействии. this article presents the etiquette model of "praise" from a gender perspective. Modern schools should systematically pay attention to the development of speech in Russian language lessons, especially the norms of communicative behavior – ethical models of the speech genre. The language design of etiquette has the function of polite communication in various situations of a dialogical act. The school is the most striking example of the formation of a personality capable of showing itself in the future as an intelligent person in a communicative society. Starting from the first years of school, children should learn words expressing etiquette as an attitude not only to their peers, but also to people of different age categories. Properly selected material in Russian language lessons using marker units for a friendly attitude towards the interlocutor can be used on each topic, regardless of the subject calendar and thematic plan. If we take into account the gender position of communicants when studying the topic under consideration, then the assimilation and application of rules in the speech genre will be much more effective. A small experiment among students showed how important it is for teachers to use the language units of etiquette formulas correctly to motivate students to study and create a favorable atmosphere of dialogical communication not only within one communicative environment, but also in intercultural interaction.