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Journal articles on the topic 'Spermidina'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 February 2023

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Lee, Jung Yeop, Brian K. Janes, Karla D. Passalacqua, et al. "Biosynthetic Analysis of the Petrobactin Siderophore Pathway from Bacillusanthracis." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 5 (2006): 1698–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01526-06.

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ABSTRACT The asbABCDEF gene cluster from Bacillus anthracis is responsible for biosynthesis of petrobactin, a catecholate siderophore that functions in both iron acquisition and virulence in a murine model of anthrax. We initiated studies to determine the biosynthetic details of petrobactin assembly based on mutational analysis of the asb operon, identification of accumulated intermediates, and addition of exogenous siderophores to asb mutant strains. As a starting point, in-frame deletions of each of the genes in the asb locus (asbABCDEF) were constructed. The individual mutations resulted in

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Ponasik, J. A., C. Strickland, C. Faerman, S. Savvides, P. A. Karplus, and B. Ganem. "Kukoamine A and other hydrophobic acylpolyamines: potent and selective inhibitors of Crithidia fasciculata trypanothione reductase." Biochemical Journal 311, no. 2 (1995): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3110371.

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The enzyme trypanothione reductase (TR), together with its substrate, the glutathione-spermidine conjugate trypanothione, plays an essential role in protecting parasitic trypanosomatids against oxidative stress and is a target for drug design. Here we show that a naturally occurring spermine derivative, the antihypertensive agent kukoamine A [N1N12-bis(dihydrocaffeoyl)-spermine] inhibits TR as a mixed inhibitor (Ki = 1.8 microM, Kii = 13 microM). Kukoamine shows no significant inhibition of human glutathione reductase (Ki > 10 mM) and thus provides a novel selective drug lead. The correspon

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3

Alves da Costa Ribeiro Quintans, Isadora Louise, Juliana Alves da Costa Ribeiro Souza, and Michael K. Deyholos. "Orbitides and free polyamines have similarly limited fungicidal activity against three common pathogens of flax in vitro." FACETS 7 (January 1, 2022): 843–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0201.

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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini and Septoria linicola are causes of fusarium wilt and pasmo in flax ( Linum usitatissimum). Members of a third fungal genus, Alternaria spp., have also been found in fiber and linseed varieties of flax, and are a source of post-harvest spoilage and mycotoxins in a wide range of crops. We performed a microdilution assay and calculated the median effective concentration (EC50) to compare the potency of cyclolinopeptides (CLPs), two polyamines (spermidine and spermine), and the fungicide carbendazimin in the control of three fungi that have potential pathogenic acti

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Mercier, A. J., S. Farragher, B. Schmor, M. Kamau, and J. Atkinson. "Effect of a plant-derived spider toxin analogue on crayfish neuromuscular junctions." Canadian Journal of Zoology 76, no. 11 (1998): 2103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z98-142.

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N8-Coumaroyl spermidine (N8-CS) is an example of hydroxycinnamic acid - polyamine conjugates found in certain plants. Because of its structural similarity to some spider toxins, N8-CS was tested for its ability to block arthropod neuromuscular synapses. It inhibited chemical synaptic transmission at crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) neuromuscular junctions, the IC50 being approximately 200 µM. Its effect was at least partially reversed by washing with physiological saline. Joro spider toxin, a structurally similar compound, also blocked crayfish neuromuscular synapses but its effect was irreversi

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5

Perrin, Jennifer, Natalja Kulagina, Marianne Unlubayir, et al. "Exploiting Spermidine N-Hydroxycinnamoyltransferase Diversity and Substrate Promiscuity to Produce Various Trihydroxycinnamoyl Spermidines and Analogues in Engineered Yeast." ACS Synthetic Biology 10, no. 2 (2021): 286–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssynbio.0c00391.

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Hamana, Koei, and Shigeru Matsuzaki. "Polyamine distribution patterns serve as a phenotypic marker in the chemotaxonomy of the Proteobacteria." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 39, no. 3 (1993): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m93-043.

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Polyamines of various genera of the class Proteobacteria were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography to determine if they can serve as taxonomic markers. The major polyamine of Zymomonas was homospermidine, whereas the Acetobacter–Gluconobacter complex contained spermidine, suggesting the presence of two different polyamine distribution patterns in the alpha subclass. Both the homospermidine-dominant type and the spermidine-dominant type were found in heterogeneous Sphingomonas species. Typical species belonging to the gamma subclass have their own unique polyamine pattern in Xanth

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7

Wei, Wan. "A comprehensive literature review of spermidine." Theoretical and Natural Science 46, no. 1 (2024): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/46/20240934.

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This review explores the role of spermidine, a naturally occurring polyamine, in promoting healthy aging and increasing lifespan. Spermidine was initially discovered in human sperm, and it is important in several cellular processes across eukaryotic organisms. We deeply study the historical background of spermidine discovery and its research developments. The paper examines the mechanisms through which spermidine influences lifespan, including its interaction with RNA, stimulation of autophagy, anti-inflammatory effects, and impact on the cell cycle. Each mechanism is discussed with its contri

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8

Higashi, Kyohei, Hiroyuki Ishigure, Risa Demizu, et al. "Identification of a Spermidine Excretion Protein Complex (MdtJI) in Escherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 3 (2007): 872–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01505-07.

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ABSTRACT A spermidine excretion protein in Escherichia coli was looked for among 33 putative drug exporters thus far identified. Cell toxicity and inhibition of growth due to overaccumulation of spermidine were examined in an E. coli strain deficient in spermidine acetyltransferase, an enzyme that metabolizes spermidine. Toxicity and inhibition of cell growth by spermidine were recovered in cells transformed with pUCmdtJI or pMWmdtJI, encoding MdtJ and MdtI, which belong to the small multidrug resistance family of drug exporters. Both mdtJ and mdtI are necessary for recovery from the toxicity

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9

Erwin, B. G., and A. E. Pegg. "Regulation of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase in L6 cells by polyamines and related compounds." Biochemical Journal 238, no. 2 (1986): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2380581.

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Exposure of rat L6 cells in culture to exogenous polyamines led to a very large increase in the activity of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase. Spermine was more potent than spermidine in bringing about this increase, but in both cases the elevated acetyltransferase activity increased the cellular conversion of spermidine into putrescine. The N1-acetyltransferase turned over very rapidly in the L6 cells, with a half-life of 9 min after spermidine and 18 min after spermine. A wide variety of synthetic polyamine analogues also brought about a substantial induction of spermidine/spermine N1

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10

Liao, Chen-Yu, Oona M. P. Kummert, Amanda M. Bair, et al. "The Autophagy Inducer Spermidine Protects Against Metabolic Dysfunction During Overnutrition." Journals of Gerontology: Series A 76, no. 10 (2021): 1714–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glab145.

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Abstract Autophagy, a process catabolizing intracellular components to maintain energy homeostasis, impacts aging and metabolism. Spermidine, a natural polyamine and autophagy activator, extends life span across a variety of species, including mice. In addition to protecting cardiac and liver tissue, spermidine also affects adipose tissue through unexplored mechanisms. Here, we examined spermidine in the links between autophagy and systemic metabolism. Consistently, daily injection of spermidine delivered even at late life is sufficient to cause a trend in life-span extension in wild-type mice

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Senekowitsch, Stefan, Eliza Wietkamp, Michael Grimm, et al. "High-Dose Spermidine Supplementation Does Not Increase Spermidine Levels in Blood Plasma and Saliva of Healthy Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetic and Metabolomic Study." Nutrients 15, no. 8 (2023): 1852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15081852.

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(1) Background: Spermidine is a biogenic polyamine that plays a crucial role in mammalian metabolism. As spermidine levels decline with age, spermidine supplementation is suggested to prevent or delay age-related diseases. However, valid pharmacokinetic data regarding spermidine remains lacking. Therefore, for the first time, the present study investigated the pharmacokinetics of oral spermidine supplementation. (2) Methods: This study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded, two-armed crossover trial with two 5-day intervention phases separated by a washout phase of 9

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IGNATENKO, Natalia A., Jennifer L. FISH, L. Richard SHASSETZ, Dale P. WOOLRIDGE, and Eugene W. GERNER. "Expression of the human spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase in spermidine acetylation-deficient Escherichia coli." Biochemical Journal 319, no. 2 (1996): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3190435.

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A cDNA encoding the human spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (N1SSAT) was conditionally expressed in a strain of Escherichia coli deficient in spermidine-acetylating activity. Conditional expression of this cDNA was performed under the control of the lac promoter, by addition of the non-hydrolysable lactose analogue isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside. Expression of the N1SSAT cDNA oriented in the sense direction resulted in the acetylation of spermidine at the N1 but not the N8 position and a decrease in endogenous spermidine contents and growth rates in these bacteria. When this cDNA was exp

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Alijani, Sajedeh, Mohammad-Reza Raji, Zohreh Emami Bistgani, Abdollah Ehtesham Nia, and Mostafa Farajpour. "Mitigation of salinity stress in yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) plants through spermidine application." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0304831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304831.

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This study investigated the mitigating effects of spermidine on salinity-stressed yarrow plants (Achillea millefolium L.), an economically important medicinal crop. Plants were treated with four salinity levels (0, 30, 60, 90 mM NaCl) and three spermidine concentrations (0, 1.5, 3 μM). Salinity induced electrolyte leakage in a dose-dependent manner, increasing from 22% at 30 mM to 56% at 90 mM NaCl without spermidine. However, 1.5 μM spermidine significantly reduced leakage across salinities by 1.35–11.2% relative to untreated stressed plants. Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, caroten

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Ohashi, Koji, Masaaki Kageyama, Katsuhiko Shinomiya, et al. "Spermidine Oxidation-Mediated Degeneration of Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Rats." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4128061.

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Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration is a crucial event in dry age-related macular degeneration and gyrate atrophy. The polyamine spermidine has been shown to induce RPE cell death in vitro. The present study aimed to establish a novel in vivo model of spermidine-induced RPE degeneration and to determine whether spermidine-induced RPE cell death involves oxidative mechanisms. In this study, spermidine caused ARPE-19 cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was prevented by removal of serum from the culture medium or treatment with amine oxidase inhibitors, N-acetylc

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Elejalde-Palmett, Carolina, Thomas Dugé de Bernonville, Gaëlle Glevarec, et al. "Characterization of a spermidine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase inMalus domesticahighlights the evolutionary conservation of trihydroxycinnamoyl spermidines in pollen coat of core Eudicotyledons." Journal of Experimental Botany 66, no. 22 (2015): 7271–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erv423.

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Imazu, Noriyuki, Takehiro Torisu, Akihito Yokote, et al. "ARGINASE 2 AMELIORATES EXPERIMENTAL COLITIS THROUGH ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS VIA SPERMIDINE PRODUCTION." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 30, Supplement_1 (2024): S2—S3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izae020.005.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Spermidine which is a type of polyamine, shows elevated levels in patients with ulcerative colitis and is implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Arginase 2 (ARG2) plays a critical role in spermidine production. This study aimed to determine the role and mechanism of endogenous spermidine by using ARG2-deficient mice. METHODS The protective role of spermidine against oxidative stress was examined by intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and cell viability. The physiological role of spermidine was investigated using Arg2 knockdown cells with reduced

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Rossmann, Christine, Azra Darko, Gerd Kager, et al. "Natural Polyamine Spermidine Inhibits the In Vitro Oxidation of LDL." Molecules 30, no. 4 (2025): 955. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040955.

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Spermidine is a natural autophagy-inducer and anti-aging compound. Herein, we investigated a potential autophagy-independent mechanism of spermidine, namely its capability to directly impede LDL oxidation, an early step in atherogenesis. In our in vitro-model, LDL oxidation was induced by the addition of CuCl2 in the presence of increasing concentrations of spermidine, and the degree of oxidation of the lipid, as well as of the protein part of LDL, was measured. We found that spermidine concentration-dependently inhibited the production of lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, and oxidation-s

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Kauppinen, L., S. Myöhänen, M. Halmekytö, L. Alhonen, and J. Jänne. "Transgenic mice over-expressing the human spermidine synthase gene." Biochemical Journal 293, no. 2 (1993): 513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2930513.

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We have generated a transgenic mouse line harbouring the functional (chromosome-1-derived) human spermidine synthase (EC 2.5.1.16) gene in their genome. The transgenic animals expressed the human gene-derived mRNA, as revealed by reverse-transcriptase/PCR analysis, in all tissues studied and displayed tissue spermidine synthase activity that was 2-6 times that in their syngenic littermates. The elevated spermidine synthase activity, however, had virtually no effect on tissue putrescine, spermidine or spermine levels. The view that the accumulation of spermidine and spermine is possibly control

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Limsuwun, Kornvika, and Pamela G. Jones. "Spermidine Acetyltransferase Is Required To Prevent Spermidine Toxicity at Low Temperatures in Escherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 19 (2000): 5373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.19.5373-5380.2000.

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ABSTRACT Polyamines are required for optimal growth in most cells; however, polyamine accumulation leads to inhibition of cellular growth. To reduce intracellular polyamine levels, spermidine is monoacetylated in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In Escherichia coli, thespeG gene encodes the spermidine acetyltransferase, which transfers the acetyl group to either the N-1 or N-8 position. In addition to polyamine accumulation, stress conditions, such as cold shock, cause an increase in the level of spermidine acetylation, suggesting an adaptive role for reduced polyamine levels under stressful g

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LEE, Chang Hoon, and Myung Hee PARK. "Human deoxyhypusine synthase: interrelationship between binding of NAD and substrates." Biochemical Journal 352, no. 3 (2000): 851–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3520851.

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Deoxyhypusine synthase catalyses the NAD-dependent transfer of the butylamine moiety from the polyamine, spermidine, to a specific lysine residue of a single cellular protein, eukaryotic translation-initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) precursor. The native enzyme exists as a tetramer of four identical subunits and contains four binding sites for NAD. The binding of spermidine and NAD was studied by a filtration assay. [3H]Spermidine binding to the enzyme was not detectable alone or in the presence of the eIF5A precursor, but was detected only in the presence of NAD or NADH, suggesting that a NAD/NADH

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Jiang, Dongmei, Guilin Mo, Yilong Jiang, and Bo Kang. "Exogenous spermidine affects polyamine metabolism in the mouse hypothalamus." Open Life Sciences 16, no. 1 (2021): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2021-0006.

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Abstract Spermidine is important for the hypothalamic control of pituitary secretion of hormones involved in neuroendocrine functions in mammals. In this study, the effect of exogenous spermidine on the expression of genes and proteins related to polyamine metabolism and polyamine levels was examined. The results indicated that treatment with spermidine at 0.05 mg/g (BW) significantly increased the levels of Oaz1 mRNA and protein expression and decreased putrescine content in mouse hypothalamus (p < 0.05). The administration with spermidine at 0.10 mg/g significantly increased the levels of

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Pankoke, Sophia, Christiane Pfarrer, Silke Glage, Christian Mühlfeld, and Julia Schipke. "Oral Supplementation with the Polyamine Spermidine Affects Hepatic but Not Pulmonary Lipid Metabolism in Lean but Not Obese Mice." Nutrients 14, no. 20 (2022): 4318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14204318.

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The polyamine spermidine is discussed as a caloric restriction mimetic and therapeutic option for obesity and related comorbidities. This study tested oral spermidine supplementation with regard to the systemic, hepatic and pulmonary lipid metabolism under different diet conditions. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a purified control (CD), high sucrose (HSD) or high fat (HFD) diet with (-S) or without spermidine for 30 weeks. In CD-fed mice, spermidine decreased body and adipose tissue weights and reduced hepatic lipid content. The HSD induced hepatic lipid synthesis and accumulation and hypercholes

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Porter, C. W., F. G. Berger, A. E. Pegg, B. Ganis, and R. J. Bergeron. "Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase activity by spermidine and the spermidine analogue N1N8-bis(ethyl)spermidine." Biochemical Journal 242, no. 2 (1987): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2420433.

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Polyamine biosynthesis in intact cells can be exquisitely controlled with exogenous polyamines through the regulation of rate-limiting biosynthetic enzymes, particularly ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). In an attempt to exploit this phenomenon as an antiproliferative strategy, certain polyamine analogues have been identified [Porter, Cavanaugh, Stolowich, Ganis, Kelly & Bergeron (1985) Cancer Res. 45, 2050-2057] which lower ODC activity in intact cells, have no direct inhibitory effects on ODC, are incapable of substituting for spermidine (SPD) in supporting cell growth, and are growth-inhib

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NISHIKAWA, Yuji, Siddhartha KAR, Laurie WIEST, Anthony E. PEGG та Brian I. CARR. "Inhibition of spermidine synthase gene expression by transforming growth factor-β1 in hepatoma cells". Biochemical Journal 321, № 2 (1997): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3210537.

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We screened genes responsive to transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α1) protein in a human hepatoma cell line (Hep3B) using a PCR-mediated differential display technique, in order to investigate the mechanisms involved in TGF-α-induced growth suppression. We found a gene that was down-regulated by TGF-α1 to be completely identical in an approx. 620 bp segment to the gene for the enzyme spermidine synthase, which mediates the conversion of putrescine into spermidine. Both spermidine synthase mRNA expression and its enzyme activity were decreased after TGF-α1 treatment of Hep3B cells. The inhibiti

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Kumagai, J., R. Jain, and L. R. Johnson. "Characteristics of spermidine uptake by isolated rat enterocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 256, no. 5 (1989): G905—G910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1989.256.5.g905.

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Eukaryotic cells require polyamines for growth. The supply of polyamines to growing cells may be increased either by new synthesis or increased uptake. We have recently shown that putrescine uptake by isolated rat enterocytes is energy dependent, saturable, and ouabain insensitive. Although putrescine uptake was inhibited by putrescine and cadaverine, it was not inhibited by equal concentrations of spermine and spermidine. These data indicated that a carrier mechanism separate from that putrescine existed for spermidine and spermine. In the current study spermidine uptake by isolated enterocyt

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Kvietys, P. R., R. D. Specian, and G. Cepinskas. "Polyamines attenuate jejunal mucosal injury induced by oleic acid." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 263, no. 2 (1992): G224—G229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1992.263.2.g224.

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Effects of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine on lipid-induced injury to jejunal mucosa were assessed in anesthetized rats. Mucosal epithelial integrity was continuously monitored by measuring blood-to-lumen clearance of 51Cr-labeled EDTA. Perfusion of jejunal lumen with emulsified lipid (20 mM sodium taurocholate and 40 mM oleic acid) increased 51Cr-EDTA clearance. Addition of spermidine (0.5 mM), but not putrescine (2.0 mM) or spermine (0.25 mM), to the lipid perfusate reduced the increment in 51Cr-EDTA clearance. Histological evaluation of jejunal mucosa indicated that the epithelial lini

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Niechcial, Anna, Matthias Butter, Salomon Manz, et al. "Presence of PTPN2 SNP rs1893217 Enhances the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Spermidine." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 26, no. 7 (2020): 1038–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa013.

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Abstract Background The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1893217 within the gene locus encoding PTPN2 represents a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our previous work demonstrated reduced PTPN2 activity and subsequently increased inflammatory signaling upon presence of SNP rs1893217. The naturally occurring polyamine spermidine reduces pro-inflammatory signaling via induction of PTPN2 activity; however, the effect of SNP rs1893217 on the anti-inflammatory potential of spermidine is still unknown. Here, we investigated how presence of SNP rs1893217 affects treatment effica

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Jiang, Dong-Mei, Ze-Long Wang, Jia-Di Yang, et al. "Effects of Spermidine on Mouse Gut Morphology, Metabolites, and Microbial Diversity." Nutrients 15, no. 3 (2023): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15030744.

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Spermidine is a class of biologically active organic small molecules that play an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. The specific objective of this study was to explore the effects of spermidine on intestinal morphology, metabolites, and microbial diversity in mice. We showed that 0.3 mmol/L of spermidine significantly promoted the growth of ileal villi (p < 0.05), and 3.0 mmol/L of spermidine significantly increased the body weight of mice and promoted the growth of jejunum villi (p < 0.05). The 16S rDNA sequencing results indicated that 3.0 mmol/L of spermidine affec

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Kim, Da Hye, Jeong-Hwan Kim, Hyun Hwangbo, et al. "Spermidine Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis via Blocking Ca2+ Overload in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Independently of ROS." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3 (2021): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031361.

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Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells occupy the outer layer of the retina and perform various biological functions. Oxidative damage to RPE cells is a major risk factor for retinal degeneration that ultimately leads to vision loss. In this study, we investigated the role of spermidine in a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress model using human RPE cells. Our findings showed that 300 μM H2O2 increased cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, whereas these effects were markedly suppressed by 10 μM spermidine. Furthermore, spermidine significantly reduced H

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Raj, V. Samuel, Hideyuki Tomitori, Madoka Yoshida, et al. "Properties of a Revertant of Escherichia coli Viable in the Presence of Spermidine Accumulation: Increase in l-Glycerol 3-Phosphate." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 15 (2001): 4493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.15.4493-4498.2001.

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ABSTRACT Escherichia coli CAG2242 cells are deficient in thespeG gene encoding spermidine acetyltransferase. When these cells were cultured in the presence of 0.5 to 4 mM spermidine, their viability was greatly decreased through the inhibition of protein synthesis by overaccumulation of spermidine. When the cells were cultured with a high concentration of spermidine (4 mM), a revertant strain was obtained. We found that a 55-kDa protein, glycerol kinase, was overexpressed in the revertant and that synthesis of a ribosome modulation factor and the RNA polymerase ς38 subunit, factors important f

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Caffaratti, Clément, Caroline Plazy, Valérie Cunin, Bertrand Toussaint, and Audrey Le Gouellec. "Bioengineering of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for Production and Excretion of Spermidine, a Key Metabolite in Human Health." Metabolites 12, no. 11 (2022): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111061.

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Microbiota-derived metabolites have biological importance for their host. Spermidine, a metabolite described for its protective effect in age-related diseases, is now studied for its role in the resolution of inflammation and gut homeostasis. Strategies to modulate its production in the gastrointestinal tract are of interest to increase host spermidine intakes. Here, we show that metabolic engineering can be used to increase spermidine production by the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), used in humans. First, we found that increasing the expression of genes involved in polyamine bi

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Su, Wei-Hsuan, Evien Cheng, Laura Hernandez Cervantes, Megan Nishitani, and Samuel Schriner. "INTERACTION OF SPERMIDINE AND A LOW-METHIONINE DIET ON LIFESPAN IN MTDNA-DEFICIENT SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 702–3. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.2293.

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Abstract Spermidine and a low-methionine diet are two strategies shown to extend lifespan in model organisms, such as yeast, worms, flies, and rodents. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the theories explaining how organisms age. In previous studies, we used yeast lacking mtDNA (rho0) as a model for mitochondrial dysfunction. We found that spermidine was not only unable to extend lifespan in rho0 yeast, but actually shortened lifespan. Spermidine and methionine are closely linked metabolically as S-adenosylmethionine from the methionine cycle can be used to synthesize spermidine. And in turn,

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Liu, S. M., A. Murray, A. C. Schlink, G. Mata, and D. G. Masters. "The effects of intradermal injections of spermidine on the growth rate of fibres and mitosis of wool follicles in Merino lambs." Animal Science 75, no. 1 (2002): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800052802.

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AbstractPolyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) are required for optimal growth in all cells, and are essential for cell proliferation and growth of cultured wool follicles, with an optimal concentration of spermidine required for the fibre elongation. The effects of a local supply of exogenous spermidine on the rate of cell division in the wool follicles, the length growth rate and diameter of fibres were therefore examined in Merino lambs. Three groups of eight lambs (40 kg) were given food at 1·2 ✕ maintenance. Spermidine was injected intradermally into a small patch (3 ✕ 3 cm) on

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Gai, Siyan. "The beneficial effects of spermidine via autophagy: a systematic review." Theoretical and Natural Science 73, no. 1 (2025): 309–17. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2024.19803.

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Spermidine is a natural polyamine rich in cereals, legumes, soy derivatives mushrooms, green peppers, and peas. Recent research brings up the concept that spermidine could induce several health benefits including anti-aging, and lowering risks of cardiovascular, neurological, and metabolic diseases, the major reason behind the benefits is that spermidine could promote autophagy that happens in all parts of the body. This systematic review summarises existing studies, including both animal and human trials on spermidine and its health benefits induced by autophagy, aims to provide more insights

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Sanayama, Hidenori, Kiyonori Ito, Susumu Ookawara, et al. "Whole Blood Spermine/Spermidine Ratio as a New Indicator of Sarcopenia Status in Older Adults." Biomedicines 11, no. 5 (2023): 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051403.

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Early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients with sarcopenia. The natural polyamines spermine and spermidine are involved in many physiological activities. Therefore, we investigated blood polyamine levels as a potential biomarker for sarcopenia. Subjects were Japanese patients >70 years of age who visited outpatient clinics or resided in nursing homes. Sarcopenia was determined based on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (2019). The analysis included

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Szabo, Leonora, Imane Lejri, Amandine Grimm, and Anne Eckert. "Spermidine Enhances Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Young and Aged Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons." Antioxidants 13, no. 12 (2024): 1482. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121482.

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The accumulation of damaged mitochondria has long been considered a hallmark of the aging process. Among various factors, age-related mitochondrial alterations comprise bioenergetic impairments and disturbances in reactive oxygen species (ROS) control, thereby negatively affecting mitochondrial performance and ultimately accelerating aging. Previous studies have revealed that polyamine spermidine appears to exert health-protective and lifespan-promoting effects. Notably, recent findings have also described a spermidine-induced improvement in age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction, but the be

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Chan, Ying Ying, and Kim Lee Chua. "Growth-related changes in intracellular spermidine and its effect on efflux pump expression and quorum sensing in Burkholderia pseudomallei." Microbiology 156, no. 4 (2010): 1144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.032888-0.

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The Burkholderia pseudomallei BpeAB-OprB resistance-nodulation-division (RND) family pump effluxes aminoglycoside and macrolide antibiotics as well as acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) involved in quorum sensing. Expression of bpeA–lacZ was cell density-dependent and was inducible in the presence of these compounds. Intracellular levels of spermidine and N-acetylspermidine increased with cell density in wild-type B. pseudomallei KHW, but were always lower in the bpeAB pump mutant at all growth phases. The significance of changes in intracellular spermidine on efflux pump expression was demonstrat

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Gerner, E. W., T. A. Kurtts, D. J. M. Fuller, and R. A. Casero. "Stress induction of the spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase by a post-transcriptional mechanism in mammalian cells." Biochemical Journal 294, no. 2 (1993): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2940491.

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Heat shock and diethyldithiocarbamate stimulate polyamine catabolism in animal cells by a mechanism involving the induction of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (N1-SSAT) activity. Steady-state levels of RNA encoding this enzyme remain essentially unchanged during periods after these stresses when N1-SSAT activity is increased by 3.5-10-fold or more in three different cell lines of hamster and human origin. Depletion of intracellular spermidine pools by alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) inhibits stress induction of N1-SSAT activity. Exogenous spermidine can restore stress inducibilit

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Lathia, Justin, Kristen Kay, Juyeun Lee, et al. "TMIC-49. TUMOR-DERIVED SPERMIDINE DRIVES IMMUNE SUPPRESSION IN THE GLIOBLASTOMA MICROENVIRONMENT VIA CD8 T CELL DEPLETION AND FUNCTIONAL ATTENUATION." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_8 (2024): viii309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae165.1227.

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Abstract A hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunosuppressive microenvironment that is partially driven by tumor cell-derived secreted factors, highlighting the need for a more complete understanding of local immune suppressive mechanism. Altered secreted metabolite levels are observed in the GBM microenvironment; specifically, spermidine (a polyamine), which functions to drive cell proliferation, apoptosis, T cell lineage commitment, and myeloid cell-mediated suppression. However, the direct link between GBM cell-derived spermidine and the tumor microenvironment has yet to be determined.

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Byers, T. L., B. Ganem, and A. E. Pegg. "Cytostasis induced in L1210 murine leukaemia cells by the S-adenosyl-l-methionine decarboxylase inhibitor 5′-([(Z)-4-amino-2-butenyl]methylamino)-5′-deoxyadenosine may be due to hypusine depletion." Biochemical Journal 287, no. 3 (1992): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2870717.

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The effects of inhibition of the capacity to form spermidine and spermine on cell growth were investigated using murine leukaemia L1210 cells and 5′-([(Z)-4-amino-2-butenyl]methylamino)-5′-deoxyadenosine (MDL 73811, AbeAdo), an enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase. Putrescine levels were increased 80-fold, and spermidine and spermine levels were greatly reduced after a 3-day exposure to a maximally inhibitory dose of 10 microM-AbeAdo. Addition of AbeAdo to the culture medium inhibited the growth of L1210 cells measured 3 days later in a dose-dependen

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Pekar, Thomas, Aribert Wendzel, Walter Flak, et al. "Spermidine in dementia." Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 132, no. 1-2 (2019): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00508-019-01588-7.

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SummaryPrevious studies have highlighted that spermidine has the ability to trigger the important process of dissolving amyloid-beta plaques by autophagy. This manuscript focuses on the correlation of serum spermidine levels between age and between performance in mini-mental state examinations. It will serve as a premise for an ongoing multicentric placebo-controlled study, which focuses on the effect of oral spermidine supplementation on memory performance. Memory tests were carried out on 80 subjects aged 60–96 years old in 6 nursing homes in Styria. Blood samples were taken for the determin

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Chibucos, M. Constantine, and Paul F. Morris. "Levels of Polyamines and Kinetic Characterization of Their Uptake in the Soybean Pathogen Phytophthora sojae." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 5 (2006): 3350–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.5.3350-3356.2006.

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ABSTRACT Polyamines are ubiquitous biologically active aliphatic cations that are at least transiently available in the soil from decaying organic matter. Our objectives in this study were to characterize polyamine uptake kinetics in Phytophthora sojae zoospores and to quantify endogenous polyamines in hyphae, zoospores, and soybean roots. Zoospores contained 10 times more free putrescine than spermidine, while hyphae contained only 4 times as much free putrescine as spermidine. Zoospores contained no conjugated putrescine, but conjugated spermidine was present. Hyphae contained both conjugate

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Zhang, Youzhi, Xiaofang Qin, Zhirui He, et al. "The White Clover TrMYB33-TrSAMS1 Module Contributes to Drought Tolerance by Modulation of Spermidine Biosynthesis via an ABA-Dependent Pathway." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 13 (2024): 6974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136974.

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Spermidine is well known to accumulate in plants exposed to drought, but the regulatory network associated with its biosynthesis and accumulation and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the Trifolium repens TrMYB33 relayed the ABA signal to modulate drought-induced spermidine production by directly regulating the expression of TrSAMS1, which encodes an S-adenosylmethionine synthase. This gene was identified by transcriptome and expression analysis in T. repens. TrSAMS1 overexpression and its pTRV-VIGS-mediated silencing demonstrated that TrSAMS1 is a

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Smigielski, AJ, ME Muir, and BJ Wallace. "Studies on the Accumulation of Putrescine and Spermidine in Escherichia coli." Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 38, no. 4 (1985): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9850383.

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The rate of accumulation of the polyamines spermidine and putrescine by E. coli depended on growth rate. Spermidine ac~umulation was faster in chemostat cultures with high dilution rates than in those with low dilution rates and was slower in bacteria that had been grown for several generations with either putrescine or spermidine, suggesting that the spermidine-uptake system was repressed by exogenous polyamines. The uptake of spermidine required metabolic energy. Thus accumulation occurred in an energy-starved unc strain only upon addition of glucose (or D-lactate to a smaller extent). With

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Tausendfreund, Ingo, and Thomas Gloger. "High concentrations of Spermidine in Drone Milk (Apilarnil)." Apis 2, no. 1 (2025): 42–47. https://doi.org/10.62949/02617046.0871143.

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Spermidine is a biogenic amine. Spermidine induces autophagy and may extend life span, reduce dementia and other common diseases. Therefore, it gained popularity as a food additive derived e.g. from wheat germs. Drone milk or Apilarnil (ApiDrohn®) is a high value hive product extracted from the male larvae and conserved by lyophilisation.Apilarnil is used in traditional apitherapy for versatile applications.In this project the presence of Spermidine in Apilarnil (fresh/different-larva-stages/ dry-techniques/vehicle-solutions) was identified and quantified. A workflow was set up comprising an e

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Sharma, Priyanka, and Rishi Kumar Jaiswal. "SPERMIDINE MAINTAINS TELOMERE LENGTH AND DELAYS AGING." Central Asian Journal of Medical Hypotheses and Ethics 2, no. 1 (2021): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47316/cajmhe.2021.2.1.08.

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Spermidine, a natural polyamine, has been noticed for its anti-aging properties. Supplementation of this drug prolongs lifespan and diminishes the incidence of age-related pathology. In the human population, spermidine levels decrease as aging progresses, and a potential link between diminished endogenous spermidine levels and age-related declination has been studied. At the cellular level, autophagy is the prime mode of action of spermidine known to decline with the progress of aging, similarly contributing to the accretion of impaired macromolecules and organelles through aging. Epidemiologi

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Pegg, A. E., and B. G. Erwin. "Induction of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase in rat tissues by polyamines." Biochemical Journal 231, no. 2 (1985): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2310285.

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Treatment of rats with spermidine, spermine or sym-norspermidine led to a substantial induction of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase activity in liver, kidney and lung. The increase in this enzyme, which was determined independently of other acetylases by using a specific antiserum, accounted for all of the increased acetylase activity in extracts from rats treated with these polyamines. Spermine was the most active inducer, and the greatest effect was seen in liver. Liver spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase activity was increased about 300-fold within 6 h of treatment with 0.3 mmo

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WOOLRIDGE, Dale P., Jesse D. MARTINEZ, David E. STRINGER, and Eugene W. GERNER. "Characterization of a novel spermidine/spermine acetyltransferase, BltD, from Bacillus subtilis." Biochemical Journal 340, no. 3 (1999): 753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3400753.

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Overexpression of the BltD gene in Bacillus subtilis causes acetylation of the polyamines spermidine and spermine. BltD is co-regulated with another gene, Blt, which encodes a multidrug export protein whose overexpression facilitates spermidine export [Woolridge, Vazquez-Laslop, Markham, Chevalier, Gerner and Neyfakh (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 8864-8866]. Here we show that BltD acetylates both spermidine and spermine at primary propyl amine moieties, with spermine being the preferred substrate. In the presence of saturating concentrations of acetyl CoA, BltD rapidly acetylates spermine at both

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Baek, Ae Rin, Jisu Hong, Ki Sung Song, et al. "Spermidine attenuates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by inducing autophagy and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced cell death in mice." Experimental & Molecular Medicine 52, no. 12 (2020): 2034–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-00545-z.

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AbstractSpermidine is an endogenous biological polyamine that plays various longevity-extending roles and exerts antioxidative, antiaging, and cell growth-promoting effects. We previously reported that spermidine levels were significantly reduced in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) of the lung. The present study assessed the potential beneficial effects of spermidine on lung fibrosis and investigated the possible mechanism. Lung fibrosis was established in mice using bleomycin (BLM), and exogenous spermidine was administered daily by intraperitoneal injection (50 mg/kg in phosphate-buffered

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Desiderio, M. A., S. Mattei, G. Biondi, and M. P. Colombo. "Cytosolic and nuclear spermidine acetyltransferases in growing NIH 3T3 fibroblasts stimulated with serum or polyamines: relationship to polyamine-biosynthetic decarboxylases and histone acetyltransferase." Biochemical Journal 293, no. 2 (1993): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2930475.

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The expression (mRNA level of enzymic activity) of cytosolic and nuclear spermidine acetyltransferases was studied in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, either (1) serum-starved and stimulated to grow by serum refeeding, or (2) treated with inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) (MDL 72.175) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) (MDL 73.811) and stimulated to grow by spermidine. Expression of the known growth-regulated genes for ODC, AdoMetDC and histone acetyltransferase was also examined. The mRNA for spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SAT) accumulated after serum refeeding (betwee

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