Relevant bibliographies by topics / Spice plants – composition

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Spice plants – composition'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Spice plants – composition"

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Csorba, A., L. Domokos, H. Nagy, D. Cosman, and A. Mihai. "Medical implication of intoxication with legal spice plants in Romania." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71730-8.

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In lasts years in Romania a new challenge for the young appears: the legal spice shops. The promotions of using these substances include the promising like: relaxation, happiness, energy, sexual performance, increasing of social abilities.Aimsevaluation of medical consequences of intoxication with spice plants (Bonsai, “magic charge”, “mariciuca”, Salvia divinorum, Mitragina speciosa and others). The precise composition of substance used was not clear but the known drugs were excluded. Material and method: all patients with diagnosis of intoxication of spice plants, admitted for at least 24 hours in Department of Drug Dependence, in a 3 months period, in 2010 were evaluated, not only concerning psychiatric psychopathology but also for other medical symptoms or diseases.ResultsWe excluded the patients who have used other known drugs, and had positive results in blood and urine analysis. 17 patients used spice plants associate with alcohol less then 0.5%0, coffee or tobacco, 7 patients used only spice plants. The cardiovascular symptoms were present in 53%, gastrointestinal symptoms in 73%, neurological symptoms in 53%, renal symptoms 5%. We verified the personal history of diseases and also co-morbid acute diseases. Psychiatric symptoms were characteristic to substance induced psychotic disorders.ConclusionsThis study wanted to define and underline the specificity of clinical presentation of intoxication with spice plants, being useful to be known in emergency settings. These medical implications of use of this legal spice plants should also involve community, administrative or political actions for prevention of these medical consequences.
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Cvijovic, M., D. Djukic, L. Mandic, G. Acamovic-Djokovic, and M. Pesakovic. "Composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of some medicinal and spice plants." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 46, no. 3 (July 2010): 481–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-010-9652-z.

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Sargsyan, M. "Usage of spicy aromatic plants of the flora of Armenia in the national cuisine." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 14, no. 3 (August 28, 2023): 469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/10.15421/022367.

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Since ancient times, Armenians have used wild plants in their diet in both fresh and processed forms. Their gastronomic traditions, knowledge about useful plants, and methods of their application have been passed from generation to generation. In this review we analyse the species composition of plants that are used as spices in the national cuisine, how many there are, and what prospects there are for their use. Field surveys were conducted to collect ethnobotanical data of the use of aromatic plants in all of regions in Armenia during the years 2016–2022. 58 informants (42 women and 16 men) were interviewed after obtaining their prior informed oral consent. The informants included farmers, housewives and cooks engaged in preparing the national cuisine. All the informants participated voluntarily and shared their life experience, knowledge received from grandmothers and their professional skills. For the first time, a list of spicy plants of the flora of Armenia which were used in the preparation of national dishes is presented. Some species are no longer used, because classic spices are already available for sale, but some species of plants are still used today as a seasoning in national dishes. In the flora of Armenia there are 142 species of spicy aromatic plants belonging to 115 genera and 46 families. Studies have shown that the largest number of spicy-aromatic plants grow in Central and Southern Armenia (Armeno-Iranian floral province). On the basis of this rich plant resource, it is possible to organize the cultivation of organic spicy plants and spices in order to use them in various branches of the food industry. The recollected knowledge of our ancestors in the area of cheesemaking, winemaking, beermaking, combining centuries of experience with today's new technologies and use of spice plants can be used to develop the country's economy.
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Tamalene, M. Nasir Tamalene, Bahtiar Bahtiar, Suparman Suparman, and Slamet Hariyadi. "Ethnobotany of robusta coffee (coffea canephora pierre ex a. froehner) as a spiced coffee drink of the indigenous people of bale village on halmahera island." Biosfer 16, no. 2 (August 23, 2023): 304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.28006.

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A study on inherited local knowledge of spiced coffee ethnobotany in processing coffee by the people of Bale Village is necessary to depict the sub-system coffee processing. Bale Village is situated on Halmahera Island. It is one of the villages in the Oba Sub-district, Tidore Kepulauan Regency. The village is known as a producer of coffee bean and coffee powder. This study on local knowledge is an initiative to acquire information on spiced coffee. The research design is a survey design to investigate and document the knowledge of the utilization of spice plants in coffee drinks as a traditional beverage of people in Bale Village. Data are analyzed in a qualitative-thematic manner to describe respondents’ ethnobotanical knowledge and are independent of the researcher’s assessment. The research results indicate that spiced coffee made by the villagers uses six spice plants, namely clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.), red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl.), kara benguk (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.), nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.), and pandan (Pandanus amaryllifoliusRoxb.). Stages in the making of spiced coffee with the 5M method include: 1) determine the composition of spiced coffee, 2) grind spiced coffee beans into powder, 3) prepare water, 4) stir the spiced coffee and 5) enjoy the spiced coffee
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Ugo, Chinemerem Henry, Michael Nnaemeka, Ebube Chinwe Arene, Ikenna Kelechi Anyadike, Stella Onyekachi Opara, Perpetua Ngozi Eze, Robert Chibueze Osuji, and Zita Chiamaka Ohiri. "Nutritional Composition, Bioavailability, Medicinal Functions and Uses of Turmeric: A Review." Scholars Bulletin 8, no. 8 (August 25, 2022): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sb.2022.v08i08.003.

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In recent years, studies have placed a greater emphasis on the scientific evaluation of historical plant-based medications, as well as the examination of various plant parts for medicinal and pharmacological significance. In light of cultural histories and ancient medicine from previous decades, which have continued to promote the healing benefits of plants and their extracts, the medicinal values of plants cannot be overstated. Nutraceuticals are the use of therapeutic properties of plants or plant parts to prevent and control illness. The Zingiberaceae family includes Curcuma longa (Turmeric), which is one of the most innovative nutraceuticals. It is widely grown and consumed in India and Asian countries as a shelf-life enhancer and preservative, aromatic, and coloring ingredient. It possesses anti-glycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-viral properties, among other health advantages. For millennia, Curcuma longa has been regarded safe to use as a spice and seasoning.
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Vrancheva, Radka, Ivayla Dincheva, Ina Aneva, Vasil Georgiev, and Atanas Pavlov. "GC-MS-Based Metabolite Profiling of Wild and In Vitro Growing Plants of Satureja Montana L." Proceedings of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 75, no. 1 (February 2, 2022): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2022.01.18.

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Satureja montana L. is used as a traditional culinary spice in the Balkan Peninsula cuisine, as well as in the folk and traditional medicine for treatment of different diseases. The supply of secondary metabolites from naturally growing plants has many restrictions, such as biomass availability and variations in the chemical composition, which is most strongly affected by seasonal and environmental- mental factors. These disadvantages could be overcome by cultivating plants in optimized and controlled in vitro conditions. The purpose of the current study was to compare the phytochemical compositions of newly developed in vitro plants and intact plants of S. montana used for production of secondary metabolites. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of a number of primary (carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids and lipids) and secondary metabolites (phenolic acids) with pharmacological and biological activities beneficial to humans. The results revealed that in vitro S. montana plants are a poten- tial biotechnological matrix for the production of valuable biologically active substances for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
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Taşkın, Turgut, Mustafa Öksüz, Bünyamin Bulkurcuoğlu, Sebnem Ercelen, Erkan Rayaman, Mizgin Ermanoğlu, Beyza Nur Yılmaz, Duygu Taşkın, Talip Şahin, and Ömer Kılıç. "Chemical Composition and In Vitro Biological Activity of Two Thymus L. Varieties Growing in Turkey." Acta Chimica Slovenica 71, no. 1 (March 20, 2024): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2023.8314.

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Thymus kotschyanus var. kotschyanus (TKK) and T. kotschyanus var. glabrescens (TKG) varieties were used as both spice and medicine by the people in Turkey. It was determined that plants’ methanol extracts had the strongest antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antiurease activity and high total phenolic contents. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were found to have strong antimicrobial activity. Methanol extracts showed low hemolytic effect against human erythrocytes. It was determined that TKG extract showed higher anti-proliferative effect compared to TKK extract. Both plants extract significantly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in cancer cells. It was determined that amounts of chlorogenic and rosmarinic acid compounds were similar in both plants, but apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside compound was found in higher amounts in TKK. The findings obtained in this study suggest that methanol and ethyl acetate extracts obtained from these two species can be used as antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial and antiurease agents. The findings support the traditional use of these species.
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Hernádi, Ildikó, Zita Sasvári, Jana Albrechtová, Miroslav Vosátka, and Katalin Posta. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculant Increases Yield of Spice Pepper and Affects the Indigenous Fungal Community in the Field." HortScience 47, no. 5 (May 2012): 603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.5.603.

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Although the majority of horticultural crops are mycorrhiza-dependent, the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation in plant production has been neglected in high-input agriculture. Field application of a commercial inoculum mix of Glomus spp. was tested in spice pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. longum), cv. Szegedi, cultivation. With polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), differences in small subunit ribosomal RNA genes were used to characterize groups of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with respect to effects of mycorrhizal inoculation on an indigenous AMF population. The AMF inoculant was able to establish in the rhizosphere of pepper plants and mycorrhizal inoculation increased yield of spice pepper by more than 65% compared with the non-treated control plants. Having relatively high root colonization in the control, non-inoculated treatment indicated high presence of indigenous populations of AMF in the field soil. Although the inoculation affected structure of the resident AM fungal community, it did not influence the composition of AMF associated with pepper roots significantly.
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Nguyen, Thi Van Anh, Van Du Nguyen, Tuan Anh Ha, Van Thanh Bui, Thi Lien Tran, and Tien Dung Nguyen. "Survey on species composition and experience in using edible plants of Thai ethnic in Sop Cop district, Son La province." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 64, no. 3 (March 25, 2022): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.64(3).11-15.

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Through the process of formation and development, communities have gradually accumulated experience in exploiting and using natural resources to serve their lives. Eating is an essential human need, first of all, to survive, and then gradually develop into art. Experience in exploiting and processing edible plants is diverse. In this study, by the botanical research methods combined with the ethnobotanical method, the authors recognised in the Thai ethnic community in Sop Cop district, Son La province 114 edible plant species. In 114 species recorded, 81 species are wild plants (accounting for 71.05%), 43 species are domesticated (37.72%), in which 10 species (8.77%) are semi-wild and domesticated. The group of vegetables is the most diverse with 52 species (45.61%), fruit trees with 39 species (34.21%), spice plants with 21 species (18.42%)... The parts are used also plentiful, with the most fruit with 57 species (50%), leaves, young buds, tubers... There are many special plants, processed to create unique and typical Thai dishes in Sop Cop district, Son La province.
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DONGMO, Olivette Laure Matafack, Herve Tchoumbou TADJOUA, Phelix Bruno TELEFO, Cristian Bianca POCOL, and Sanda ANDREI. "Phytochemical composition, nutritional values, traditional uses of Tetrapleura tetraptera and Ricinodendron heudelotii and their pharmacological activities: an update review." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Food Science and Technology 1, no. 79 (May 15, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2022.0011.

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The exploration of the use of natural herbals drug, especially plant parts, is a major area of focus. Medicinal plants are being increasingly used to manage a wide numerous ailment. Tetrapleura tetraptera and Ricinodendron heudelotii are known among medicinal plants having beneficial effects due to their several biological activities. The fruits and seeds of these plants are mostly used in many parts of Africa as spice for flavoring soup and making stews. This update review focused on the phytochemical characterization, traditional used, nutritional values and biological activities of these species. Both are known to possess macro-and micro-nutrients. They are rich in majority to the phytochemical’s compounds including polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, reducing sugar, saponins and alkaloids etc. Their activities have been reported positive by several authors for both alcoholic and aqueous extractions. The plants exhibited appreciable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and good antimicrobial activities against the test microorganisms justifying their broad-spectrum use. The hypolipidaemian, hypocholesterolaemian and hypoglycaemic properties have been proven to be efficacy especially for the plant Tetrapleura tetraptera and much practice remains to be done with Ricinodendron heudelotii. The confirmation of these biological activities is related to the high content of bioactive molecules conferring beneficial properties to plants.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spice plants – composition"

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Nguikwie, Kwanga Mekondane Sylvie. "Huiles essentielles d'espèces d'Aframomum camerounaises : composition chimique et activités antibactériennes." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20217.

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La tendance au retour vers le naturel encourage les scientifiques à rechercher de nouvelles sources d'actifs biologiques, notamment de nouveaux conservateurs et antimicrobiens biodégradables, pour les substituer aux additifs synthétiques. Ce travail est le résultat de la combinaison de l'étude chimique et biologique des huiles essentielles issues de 15 espèces aromatiques camerounaises du genre Aframomum (Zingiberaceae), utilisées couramment comme épices mais également en médecine traditionnelle.Les extraits volatils obtenus par hydrodistillation des feuilles, graines, péricarpes et racines d'échantillons représentatifs de ces 15 espèces d'Aframomum récoltés au Cameroun dans diverses zones géographiques et à différentes périodes de récolte ont été analysés par chromatographie en phase gazeuse (GC/FID), chromatographie couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (GC/MS) ou chromatographie chirale pour préciser la distribution énantiomérique de certains composés caractéristiques (113 échantillons d'huiles essentielles analysés au total).Le potentiel antibactérien de 41 extraits volatils et de leurs composés majeurs, isolés à partir de ces huiles essentielles et caractérisés, a été testé sur deux bactéries : Escherichia coli (Gram-) et Micrococcus luteus (Gram +) par une technique de dilution en milieu liquide; les résultats montrent une plus grande efficacité des dérivés oxygénés tels que le linalol, le géraniol, le myrténol ou le (E)-nérolidol avec l'observation, dans certains cas, d'une potentialisation de ces effets, dans les huiles essentielles, probablement par effet de synergie avec d'autres composés présents dans le mélange.Globalement, les essences des graines sont les plus efficaces, notamment celles de: A. citratum, A. dalzielii, A. pruinosum, A. letestuianum et A. polyanthum, ce qui justifie l'intérêt de leur utilisation traditionnelle dans l'alimentation ou dans la confection des préparations médicinales et ouvre des perspectives d'applications comme conservateurs naturels en agroalimentaire et dans les industries cosmétiques ou pharmaceutiques
The antimicrobial properties of plant volatile oils have been assessed and there appears to be a revival in the use of traditional approaches to protecting livestock and food in industrial countries. This work is the result of combined chemical and biological studies of essential oils obtained from 15 Cameroonian aromatic species of the genus Aframomum (Zingiberaceae), commonly used as spices or as ingredients in traditional medicine.The volatile extracts were obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves, seeds, pericarps and rhizomes of representative samples of these 15 Aframomum species collected in different geographical zones of Cameroon; their chemical analysis was performed by gas chromatography (GC/FID), by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and chiral chromatography to assess the enantiomeric distribution of some characteristic components (113 samples of essential oils were analyzed in the total).The antimicrobial activities of 41 volatile extracts and of their main components, after isolation and characterization, were tested against two bacteria: Escherichia coli (Gram-) and Micrococcus luteus (Gram +) by a broth dilution technique; the results show a higher efficiency of oxygenated compounds such as linalol, geraniol, myrtenol or (E)-nerolidol, with possible synergistic interactions between components in essential oils.Globally, the seed essential oils are the most efficient, in particular those extracted from: A. citratum, A. dalzielii, A. letestuianum, A. pruinosum and A. polyanthum, justifying their traditional use in food as well as in medicinal preparations or their potential application as natural preservatives in the cosmetic, food or pharmaceutical industries
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Rashid, Mahbub. "On the configurational studies of building plans from the viewpoint of a situated observer : a partial theory of configuration for plans not involving curves." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23373.

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Markevičová, Vendula. "Dřeviny ve veřejném městském prostoru." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-239933.

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This tesis are about the mutual relation between the woody plants and the city public space, more precisely between the architectural composition and its elements. Woody plants, particulalry the trees,are under the same aesthetical rules as all the other elements of the public space, but at the same time are the living organisms, that are under the rules of nature. The thesis present five thematic groups of information, thats are necessary to know for the design of the woody plants in the city public space. On the base of this information the thesis review the streets and the squares of the city Brno and prove no contradiction between the aesthetical rules and the rules of nature. Contrarily, they support each other. It proves, that the high quality city space with the woody plants, is possible to create only with the knowledge of the both rules and their aplications.
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Erford, Jamie L. "Sense of Place and Concurrent Enrollment: Creating College Places in High School Settings." University of Findlay / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=findlay1503050057101256.

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Chen, Hong-Sheng, and 陳鴻勝. "A Study on the Composition of Interior Space-- A Computer-Aided System for Analyzing the Morphological Structural Plans." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41310038627806211814.

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碩士
東海大學
建築(工程)學系
82
Interior space as the essence of an architectural work has been recognized by many theoreticians since the end of the nineteenth century. Nevertheless, there is an absence of uniform, systematic approach to the study of the composition of interior space which seems crucial to architectural education, research and practice. This study attempts to formulate a "spatial grammar" which can be used to analyze and compare the spatial structure of architectural plans. Its purpose is to promote understanding of the spatial morphology of notable historical buildings and to facilitate the use of architectural precedent in the form-making process. A computer program were implemented to carry out partially the task of analysis and comparison. Particularly, the program were used to enumerate feasibile plan composition of an architectural language and to examine the compatibility between spatial rules. Due to the prevalent application of AutoCAD in the design circle of Taiwan, the computer program were written in AutoLISP under the AutoCAD environment. As such, the advantage and/or disadvantage of the application of AutoLISP and AutoCAD to this study were examined and discussed. A number of geometrical compostition and house plans designed by P. Mondrian, A. Palladio with his followers, and Japanese architect Tadao Andowere were selected and employed to test the proposed spatial grammar.
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Books on the topic "Spice plants – composition"

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World spice plants. Berlin: Springer, 2005.

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Rư̄angrangsī, Nitsiri. Khrư̄angthēt. Krung Thēp Mahā Nakhō̜n: Rōngphim Čhulālongkō̜nmahāwitthayālai, 1991.

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Clauser, Marina, Andrea Grigioni, and Mario Landi, eds. Peperoncini. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-951-9.

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The chili pepper is a spice and medicinal remedy used since ancient times by the American peoples who were the first to undertake the domestication of 5 species belonging to the genus Capsicum (Solanaceae): Capsicum (Solanaceae): Capsicum annuum, C. baccatum, C. chinense, C. frutescens e C. pubescens. After the sixteenth century the chili pepper became similarly popular in other continents and today the five species number many reference pod-types and over 3,000 varieties. The book describes their uses in the different spheres of cuisine (aromatic, spicy and colourful), medicine (antioxidant and digestive for internal use, rubefacient and anti-rheumatic for external use) and ornamentation (cut branches, floral compositions, border plants, splashes of colour).
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Questions of space: Lectures on architecture. London: AA Publications, 1990.

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Tschumi, Bernard. Questions of space: Lectures on architecture. London: Bernard Tschumi and the Architectural Association, 1995.

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L, Lamy P., Matson Dennis L, Thomas N, and COSPAR Scientific Commission B, eds. Space exploration of the outer space solar system and cometary nuclei: Proceedings of the B0.2 and B0.6 symposia of COSPAR Scientific Commission B which were held during the thirty-first COSPAR scientific assembly, Birmingham, U.K., 14-21 July 1996. Kidlington, Oxford: Published for the Committee on Space Research [by] Pergamon, 1998.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Earth Science and Applications Division., ed. A comprehensive mission to planet Earth: Woods Hole Space Science and Applications Advisory Committee Planning Workshop, July 29, 1991. [Washington, DC]: NASA Earth Science & Applications Division, 1991.

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Seidemann, Johannes. World Spice Plants. Springer, 2008.

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Seidemann, Johannes. World Spice Plants: Economic Usage, Botany, Taxonomy. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2010.

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Ortiz, Kevin. Space and Planets Composition Notebook. Planets Composition Notebook - Galaxy Planets Journal: 120-Page Wide Ruled Composition Notebook Space Cover. Planets and Space Composition Notebook. Planets Composition Notebook. Independently Published, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "Spice plants – composition"

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Dominici, Laura, Elena Comino, Luis Pérez-Urrestarazu, and Rocío Pineda-Martos. "Alternative Growing Medium for Indoor Living Walls to Foster the Removal Efficiency of Volatile Organic Compounds." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 292–301. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57800-7_27.

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AbstractIncreasing urbanization trends led to growing concerns regarding human health risks linked to long-time exposure to poor indoor air quality. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), e.g., formaldehyde and benzene, are the most significant pollutants in indoor environments due to the high number of sources contributing to increase their concentration. Vertical Greening Systems (VGSs) have been proven as space-efficient nature-based solutions (NBS) using the ability of ornamental plants in removing VOCs. Growing media and rhizosphere community often play a pivotal role in removing indoor VOCs, especially in active biofilters. Although horticultural substrates are often overlooked in VGSs’ applications, an increasing number of studies focus on: (i) investigating sustainable opportunities provided by organic materials to produce alternative growing media; and, (ii) exploring compositions of substrates to maximize VGSs phytoremediation efficiency. This work presents preliminary results on the influence of almond shells as an alternative growing medium for VGSs on the removal efficiency of formaldehyde. For that, a VGS module with almond shells as substrate and a single species of ornamental plant was placed in a sealed chamber – specially designed to recirculate the air contaminated by formaldehyde through the module acting as an active biofilter. The system produced a clear reduction of the formaldehyde concentration, and the plants developed correctly with the substrate. Green building-integrated systems are multifunctional NBS which address challenges such as human wellbeing and circularity at local scale. Using organic growing media to improve the biofiltration capability of these systems is a promising alternative towards successful implementation in the built environment.
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Huntley, Brian John. "Soil, Water and Nutrients." In Ecology of Angola, 127–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18923-4_6.

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AbstractThis Chapter provides an introduction to basic elements of soil science, from an understanding of the soil profile, its develop and its importance to plant growth. The processes of weathering and the development of laterites, calcretes, salinised and other major soil types and their distribution in Angola are described. Soil water relations and soil chemistry and thus the availability of water and nutrients are fundamental determinants of plant growth, species composition and productivity. The differences between dystrophic (low base status) and eutrophic (high base status) soils and the distribution of the mesic/dystrophic savanna biome and the arid/eutrophic savanna biome, which dominate Angolan landscapes (totaling over 90% of the vegetation mantle of the country) are emphasised. The Key Soil Groups of Angola are mapped and their characteristics summarised. Sandy arenosols cover 53% of Angola, mainly comprising the Kalahari sands of the eastern half of Angola. Ferralsols cover 23% of Angola, occupying the spine of crystalline rocks along the western highlands. Both are of low nutrient status but carry dense miombo woodlands where they have not been transformed by human activities. Richer soils occur along the escarpment and hot coastal lowlands. The processes of land degradation, due to inappropriate soil management threaten the livelihoods of communities living on these fragile soils, are described.
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Abidi, Sophia. "3 Between communities and identities." In Living at Night in Times of Pandemic, 47–62. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839467268-004.

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In this article, Sophia Abidi maps out an exhaustive list of cultural areas of Berlin and the different clubbing scenes and nightlife subcultures it generates. Through insightful ethnographic fieldwork of her PhD thesis project and qualitative interviews with young people participating in the scene collected through her research, she reflects on the place of leisure-focused lifestyles within the composition of sub-communities. This project also refers to analysing the hedonistic behaviours within Berlin's prominent techno and queer scene and its correlation with social and cultural identities. By studying different parties and venues, this paper analyses the diversity available in fashion, types of drugs, the genre of music or social interactions. It examines the impact of a subculture and its characteristics on a multifaceted nightlife. This paper aims to relate the importance of Berlin's nightlife as a strategic cultural hub, allowing space for young people to be actors in the techno and queer scene to explore their individual and collective identities. It brings a better understanding of the fluidity and diversity of the leisure-life-related events and places in Berlin and helps evaluate the limits these scenes generate.
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Allen, Scott T., Matthias Sprenger, Gabriel J. Bowen, and J. Renée Brooks. "Spatial and Temporal Variations in Plant Source Water: O and H Isotope Ratios from Precipitation to Xylem Water." In Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings, 501–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_18.

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AbstractThe water present within trees when sugars and cellulose are formed is the source of hydrogen and oxygen atoms that are incorporated into tree-ring cellulose (see Chaps. 10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_10 and 10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_11). However, the isotope composition of relevant water pools is often unknown when trying to interpret δ18O and δ2H isotopic records in tree rings. This chapter focuses on the factors that can influence the O and H isotope ratios of source waters for trees. Trees generally use water that originated as precipitation, but this does not mean that the isotope ratios of water used by trees—predominantly taken up by roots from soils—and incorporated in cellulose exactly matches precipitation isotope ratios. Precipitation isotope ratios vary in space and time, and only a fraction of all precipitation infiltrates soils, reaches roots, and is ultimately taken up by trees. Considering species, soils, and climates may allow for predicting which fraction of water resides in the root-zone during the growing seasons, and how its isotope ratios deviate from that of average precipitation. Here we provide an overview of the terrestrial water cycle and the associated transport and fractionation processes that influence the stable isotope ratios of water used by trees. We highlight obstacles and opportunities to be considered, towards more accurately interpreting the records of O and H isotope ratios in tree cellulose.
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Allen, Scott T., Matthias Sprenger, Gabriel J. Bowen, and J. Renée Brooks. "Spatial and Temporal Variations in Plant Source Water: O and H Isotope Ratios from Precipitation to Xylem Water." In Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings, 501–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_18.

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AbstractThe water present within trees when sugars and cellulose are formed is the source of hydrogen and oxygen atoms that are incorporated into tree-ring cellulose (see Chaps. 10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_10 and 10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_11). However, the isotope composition of relevant water pools is often unknown when trying to interpret δ18O and δ2H isotopic records in tree rings. This chapter focuses on the factors that can influence the O and H isotope ratios of source waters for trees. Trees generally use water that originated as precipitation, but this does not mean that the isotope ratios of water used by trees—predominantly taken up by roots from soils—and incorporated in cellulose exactly matches precipitation isotope ratios. Precipitation isotope ratios vary in space and time, and only a fraction of all precipitation infiltrates soils, reaches roots, and is ultimately taken up by trees. Considering species, soils, and climates may allow for predicting which fraction of water resides in the root-zone during the growing seasons, and how its isotope ratios deviate from that of average precipitation. Here we provide an overview of the terrestrial water cycle and the associated transport and fractionation processes that influence the stable isotope ratios of water used by trees. We highlight obstacles and opportunities to be considered, towards more accurately interpreting the records of O and H isotope ratios in tree cellulose.
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Cernusak, Lucas A., and Nerea Ubierna. "Carbon Isotope Effects in Relation to CO2 Assimilation by Tree Canopies." In Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings, 291–310. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_9.

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AbstractThe carbon atoms deposited in tree rings originate from the CO2 in the atmosphere to which the tree’s canopy is exposed. Thus, the first control on the stable carbon-isotope composition of tree rings is by δ13C of atmospheric CO2. There has been an inter-annual trend of decreasing δ13C of atmospheric CO2 over the past two centuries as a result of combustion of fossil fuels and land-use change. Atmospheric CO2 is, for the most part, well mixed, but the sub-canopy air space can become depleted in 13C due to inputs from soil and plant respiration when turbulent exchange with the troposphere is hindered, for example by a high leaf area index at night. This is less likely to occur during daytime when turbulence is higher and photosynthesis takes place. Discrimination against 13C (∆13C) occurs upon assimilation of atmospheric CO2 by C3 photosynthesis. Trees using the C3 photosynthetic pathway comprise the overwhelming majority of all trees. The primary control on the extent of discrimination during C3 photosynthesis is the drawdown in CO2 concentration from the air outside the leaf to the site of carboxylation in the chloroplast. Part of this drawdown is captured by ci/ca, that is, the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2 concentrations. The ci/ca represents the balance between the CO2 supply by stomata and its demand by photosynthesis. It can be related to water-use efficiency, the amount of CO2 taken up by photosynthesis for a given amount of water loss to the atmosphere, assuming a given evaporative demand. To predict time-averaged ci/ca from wood ∆13C, a simplified, linear model can be employed. In this linear model, the slope is determined by $$\overline{b }$$ b ¯ , the effective enzymatic discrimination. The value of $$\overline{b }$$ b ¯ can be estimated by comparing wood ∆13C to representative measurements of ci/ca. The $$\overline{b }$$ b ¯ was originally estimated from observations of leaf tissue to have a value of 27‰. We compiled data for woody stem tissue here, and our analysis suggests that a lower $$\overline{b }$$ b ¯ should be used in the simplified model for wood ($$\overline{b }$$ b ¯ = 25.5‰) than for leaves ($$\overline{b }$$ b ¯ = 27‰). This is also consistent with widespread observations that woody tissues are enriched in 13C compared to leaves.
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Schoonhoven, Louis M., Joop J. A. van Loon, and Marcel Dicke. "Plant chemistry: endless variety." In Insect Plant Biology, 48–98. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198525943.003.0004.

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Abstract The subject of this Chapter-plants as food for herbivorous insects-touches the heart of insect plant biology. Its theme can be captured in two basic questions. First, what do plants offer to insects by way of nutrition? And second, what do insects need for optimal growth and reproduction? Answering these two questions isseriously hindered by the fact that (1) the chemical composition of plants, as noted before, varies among species in both space and time, and (2) the nutritional requirements of insects vary between species and with developmental stage and environmental conditions.
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Gameson, Richard. "Composition." In The Role of Art in the Late Anglo-Saxon Church, 150–91. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198205418.003.0007.

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Abstract In this chapter we shall examine the nature of Anglo-Saxon pictorial composition. We will consider its forms, the various reasons for them, and what they could be used to convey. When laying out a figural composition on the page of a book, one of two ‘planes ‘ can be followed as the dominant axis for design. The first is the flat surface of the page itself. The second is the illusionistic ‘field ‘ of pictorial space. This may be considered as starting at a right angle to the surface of the page, and continuing into and beyond it. It is clear that the decorators of late Anglo-Saxon books thought principally in terms of the former plane. It was the business of free-standing sculpture and metalwork, not book decoration, to operate in three-dimensional space. The Anglo-Saxon illuminator liked to organize a composition across the surface of the page rather than into it, and he preferred to emphasize the surface pattern of a design rather than its recessional qualities. The distinctive characteristics of late Anglo-Saxon manuscript art-the foliate frame, coloured line drawing, and agitated draperies-all adorn the surface of the page; and by affirming rather than disguising its presence, they pin the individual figures and the com position as a whole firmly to it.
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Sarah, Robeena, Nida Idrees, and Baby Tabassum. "Phytoconstituents and their Therapeutic Potential in Precision Medicine." In Precision Medicine and Human Health, 394–413. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815223583124010020.

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Spices and herbs have been an integral part of Indian cuisine since ancient times. They are not only cherished for improving the flavor and taste of Indian food but also confer their health benefits. Instant herbal remedies prepared from spices and herbs found in the kitchens of Indian homes have been used to treat many ailments and infections in a natural way. Most of the spices and herbs have high nutritional and antioxidant properties responsible for their medicinal effects. This is because of the presence of phytochemicals in the plants. The emphasis of the current article is to provide an overview of the therapeutic potentials elucidating the phytochemical compositions of the key Indian plants. Many such plant products are used mainly as spices in Indian cuisine. In this review, we aim to highlight the chemical constituents and active factors of some of these spices and their pharmacological potential. We believe that in-depth molecular characterization of these spices for all their chemical constituents and their impact on cells, organs, and different organelles will provide a wealth of information useful for human health. These findings may further be chiseled in the form of personalized medicine.
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Schoonhoven, Louis M., Joop J. A. van Loon, and Marcel Dicke. "Plants as insect food: not the ideal." In Insect Plant Biology, 99–134. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198525943.003.0005.

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Abstract The subject of this Chapter-plants as food for herbivorous insects-touches the heart of insectplant biology. Its theme can be captured in two basic questions. First, what do plants offer to insects by way of nutrition? And second, what do insects need for optimal growth and reproduction? Answering these two questions is seriously hindered by the fact that (1) the chemical composition of plants, as noted before, varies among species in both space and time, and (2) the nutritional requirements of insects vary between species and with developmental stage and environmental conditions.
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Conference papers on the topic "Spice plants – composition"

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Tiggemann, Anke, Marco Hemmerling, and David Lemberski. "Camera Musica: Compositions in music and space." In eCAADe 2011 : Respecting Fragile Places. eCAADe, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.374.

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Edwards, Tim, Matthew DeWitt, L. Shafer, D. Brooks, He Huang, Sean Bagley, Jorge Ona, and Judy Wornat. "Fuel Composition Influence on Deposition from Endothermic Fuels." In 14th AIAA/AHI Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-7973.

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Segal, Corin, and Amit Thakur. "Flameholding in Supersonic Flow - Non-Premixed Recirculation Region Composition." In AIAA/CIRA 13th International Space Planes and Hypersonics Systems and Technologies Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2005-3391.

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Ground, Cody R., Davide Vigano', and Luca Maddalena. "Intrusive and Non-Intrusive Quantification of Binary Mixture Composition from Strut Injectors in Supersonic Flow." In 21st AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonics Technologies Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-2167.

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Shafer, Linda, Rich Striebich, J. Gomach, and Tim Edwards. "Chemical Class Composition of Commercial Jet Fuels and Other Specialty Kerosene Fuels." In 14th AIAA/AHI Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-7972.

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Rochdi, Nadia, Peter Eddy, Karl Staenz, Jinkai Zhang, and Christian Lutz. "Monitoring rangeland plant community composition using spectral mixture analysis of hyperspectral remote sensing data." In SPIE Remote Sensing, edited by Ulrich Michel, Daniel L. Civco, Manfred Ehlers, and Hermann J. Kaufmann. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.800299.

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Tarapura, E., and Marina Kochergina. "PHYTODESIGN OF INTERIORS OF SHOPPING AND ENTERTAINMENT CENTERS OF THE CITY OF VORONEZH: STYLISTIC FEATURES AND ASSORTMENT OF PLANTS." In Modern problems of animal and plant ecology. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mpeapw2021_122-125.

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In connection with the distance of man from nature, the issues of landscaping, both open spaces and interiors, have become particularly relevant in the XXI century. One of the signature of a modern metropolis is a multi-purpose shopping and entertainment centers (SEC) and complexes (SEC). Every day, the shopping center is visited by hundreds of people of almost all age groups. A well-planned interior and a comfortable environment directly affect the number of visitors and their purchasing power. The most important condition for the comfort of the interior is a phytodesign. Plant compositions in shopping centers make the space attractive and cozy. Staying in green areas does not cause oversaturation and fatigue, allowing the eye to rest in a timely manner. The paper presents the results of studying the features of landscaping of the interiors of the shopping center of the city of Voronezh. Stylistic solutions, the range and condition of the plants used are analyzed. Currently, artificial plants are used in the interiors of most of the shopping centers of our city, which only partially perform the functions of phytodesign. At the same time, stylistic and compositional solutions differ in relative monotony. The implementation of the project of landscaping the interiors of the shopping center with the use of live plants should be preceded by pre-project studies, including the definition of the style and microclimatic parameters of the room (illumination, temperature and relative humidity), identification of the features of the flow of visitors, as well as zoning of the territory.
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Aithal, Shashi M. "Numerical Investigation of Ion and Radical Compositions in Fuel-Air Mixtures for High-Speed Flows." In 20th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2015-3683.

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Amazonas, Mauro, Thais Castro, Rosiane De Freitas, and Bruno Gadelha. "Composing through Interaction: a framework for collaborative music composition based on human interaction on public spaces." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Musical. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbcm.2019.10421.

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Urban public art is a kind of art that is produced and demonstrated in public places, based on the function and connotation of the city itself exerts. As an essential artistic content in the contact of human life, the introduction of technology is a significant trend in public art, and with it, the interaction has become an increasingly relevant aspect of public art in the digital context. In this way, this work presents an environment for creating random collaborative music from interaction in public spaces using mobile technology. The result is a composition that goes towards to John Cage’s methods. However, in our case, all participants are composers and their interactions with space work as the component that brings randomness to composition. A case study was conducted with volunteer students divided into groups. Participants made use of two versions of Compomus - an app developed for immersive interaction with sound. One version encourages movement through the environment, while the other explores the spatiality of sound in a simulated public environment within the university. The interaction of the participants generated ten compositions, five from the first version and five compositions from the second version of the developed application. The sounds resulting from the interaction were made available to the public through a website.
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Kacharava, Tamar, Tinatin Epitashvili, Liana Koiava, and Mzia Lobjanidze. "PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF ORIGANUM VULGARE." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s25.35.

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Georgia is distinguished by diverse of ecosystem parameters. Accordingly, unique phylogenetic resource is the richest and most interesting in its composition, the unique species of medicinal, aromatic, dye, spicy and poisonous or useful plants are spread here, which are not found anywhere else. At the same time, ethnobotanical skills of their sustainable use are interesting. Origanum vulgare, one of the widely used of medicinal, aromatic, spicy and dye plants, is a perennial herbaceous plant from the Labiatae family, which is the object of our research. In Georgia, it is spread almost everywhere, under the different ecosystem conditions. Experimental research was conducted using the following proven methods: Biological control of environment; Geographical-information programs; It has been collected Origanum vulgare wild forms and cultivated varieties in the different ecosystem conditions using the International crop descriptors and International crop collecting descriptors; It has been enriched and updated seed gene bank; It has been enriched and updated ethno botanical skills of sustainable use; Physiological processes were carried out by classical methods during the ontogenesis; It has been studied biologically active substances by the appropriated methods. Accordingly, while making cultivated plantations of Origanum vulgare in farming conditions, it should be selected optimal technologies of reproduction for the relevant region, in case of right management of the processes, to get ecologically pure raw product with high productivity and standard content of pharmacologically active substances and production are obtained and genetic resource of this unique plant is maintained.
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