Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spillvärme'
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Johansson, Robert. "Utvärdering värmeåtervinning av spillvärme : Fallstudie Gävleborg." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-17273.
Full textToday's climate change is a big issue, it covers everything from the polar ice melting due to rising temperatures to dwindling oil resources in the world. This paper aims to reduce the energy use, estimate what such a system would cost and what will be the environmental benefit? With the help of an energy audit identifies energy flows as well as a heat scource and a heat sink. A concept was made with the run-around for a heat pump and heat exchanger. A cost assessment and profit and loss statement is done with the concept as a basis. The result is a system that cost around 5.3 million with a payoff period of about 4 years. Work decreases \(CO_2 \) emissions by about 747ton which is equivalent to 738 Flight from Stockholm to New York and back.
Linder, Tomas. "Spillvärme ur kylmaskin som förvärme till fjärrvärmebetjänad byggnad." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-36589.
Full textThe heating system in the building "Skruven" in Danderyd consists of a heat exchanger from the district heating distributor complemented with the heat from the condenser of a cooling machine. The goal of the analysis is to determine how to optimize the use of the condenser heat, a heating source which is free to use and readily available due to the need for cooling of processes in the building. A model was created in Microsoft Excel where the characteristic temperatures and mass flow could be calculated from any given outside temperature and heat supply of the cooling machine. Energy calculations were performed with the use of temperatures measured every third hour by SMHI in Bromma during 2009. A cost analysis of changes that can be implemented in the system to affect the proportion of the condenser heat used by the heating system was performed. The tariffs for heat distribution of the company Norrenergi and the calculated cost of the electricity used by the cooling machine were used to compare the cost before and after the changes were made in the model. The cost of the district heating amounts to 219 000 SEK per year, without the condenser heat it amounts to 630 000 SEK per year. The use of the condenser heat results in a lower coefficient of performance (COP). This will give an additional cost of 42 000 SEK per year in increased electricity bills. The savings made by the preheating amounts to 369 000 SEK per year. Changes in the operation of the system can save an additional 26 000 SEK per year. As the cooling machine is of an old model, a change to a new, modern, machine would be a viable option. The increased efficiency could save more than 72 000 SEK per year in electricity costs. The conclusion drawn is that there is potential for greater savings in this model. Changes proposed here may give a total cost for district heating of 87 000 SEK per year. If all of the condenser heat can be used in the heat distribution system, the district heating will not have to be activated until the outside temperature goes below -7 °C. In this case the total cost of the district heating will amount to 11 000 SEK per year by this model.
Diarienummer: 2011;20 ABE
Berg, Nichlas, and Per Kårhammer. "Säsongslagring av spillvärme : Ersättning av Halmstad fjärrvärmenäts spetslastanläggning." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Energiteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-22928.
Full textIn Sweden, a great deal of energy is used for residential and commercial heating. To fulfill the ever increasingly need for heat, new heating plants is built to complement the district heating system. At the same time there is unused energy in industry, which produces heat as an unwanted byproduct. This report evaluates the possibility to use this byproduct to supply energy to a district heating system and store it in seasonal heat storage. When the heat demand increases during the cold season of the year, the seasonal heat storage contributes with heat energy. The idea is to replace parts of the heating plants in Halmstad with heat storage and waste heat. The aim is to exclude usage of all fossil fuels. This report will also evaluate the economical prerequisites and environmental benefits in replacing biofuels. A steelworks company, Höganäs Halmstadverken, is situated in Halmstad. This industry could contribute with surplus heat, which is calculated in this report. With help of calculations and simulations in Microsoft Excel, a system with adequate heat storage method and surplus heat from local industry is formed. This system is optimized concerning economic and environmental matters. The results reveal that Halmstad's conditions are favorable to integrate pit heat storage and there is potential to deliver waste heat from Höganäs Halmstadverken steelworks. Sizes of seasonal heat storage is optimized to 200 000 m3 for replacing fossil fuels respectively 550 000 m3 for replacing fossil fuels and biofuels. Waste heat effect is calculated to 15 MW. The economical calculations results in an annual profit up to 8 million SEK with a payoff equal to 8 years. The environmental benefits consisting of reduced greenhouse gases are calculated to 4 800 tons carbon dioxide equivalents annually.
McEwen, Oliver. "Potentiellt utnyttjande av spillvärme för fjärrvärmenätet i Västerås." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Energisystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121702.
Full textMed ökat fokus på miljö och hållbarhet i vårt samhälle finns det behov av att ständigt leta efter förbättringar i våra olika system. Sverige har ett mycket effektivt uppvärmningssystem, fjärrvärme, som finns i alla större svenska städer. Samtidigt har Sverige mycket energiintensiv industri, där mycket värme kyls bort utan att tas tillvara. I över 60 svenska orter används idag spillvärme till det lokala fjärrvärmenätet, vilket leder till minskade utsläpp av förbränningsavgaser och samhällskostnader. Mälarenergi äger kraftvärmeverket i Västerås, som är Sveriges största, och driver fjärrvärmenätet i regionen som innefattar Västerås, Skultuna, Hallstahammar och inom en snar framtid även Surahammar. Med hjälp av företagsbesök identifierades åtta företag där det bedömdes finnas någon form av potential att utnyttja spillvärme till fjärrvärmenätet, idag eller i framtiden. Den totala energimängden uppgick t ill ca 22.5 GWh/år, och det företag som ansågs ha störst potential att anslutas till nätet var Skultuna Flexible med möjlighet att leverera ca 2 GWh värme per år. Det var främst den höga temperaturen på spillvärmen och den stabila tillgängligheten över året som gjorde detta företag till det mest intressanta alternativet, samt att företaget och processen bedöms vara kvar inom överskådlig tid. Med en återbetalningstid på ca 1.8 år och en fortsatt besparing på ca 240 000kr per år kan ett samarbete anses som ekonomiskt motiverat. För Mälarenergi är dock incitamenten ej ekonomiska, då värmemängden från Skultuna Flexible på 2 GWh/år är mycket liten i förhållande till de 1407 GWh värme som kraftvärmeverket levererar per år. Från Mälarenergis sida är det mest de publicitetsmässiga fördelarna som lockar med att köpa in värme från utomstående aktörer. Intresset är störst för att inrätta ett öppet fjärrvärme - system där alla som vill får leverera värme till fjärrvärmenätet, utifrån de ekonomiska erbjudanden som kommer er b judas från Mälarenergi. Det viktigaste för Mälarenergi är att få till stånd ett bra standardiserat avtal som på ett enkelt sätt visar för företag hur de skulle påverkas ekonomiskt om de vill sälja spillvärme till fjärrvärmenätet. Jämfört med andra undersökningar som gjorts, angående potentialen av spillvärme i en region, visar resultaten i detta arbete mycket små energimängder. Från Gävleborg län identifierades 90 GWh/år och från Linköpings och Örebros län hela 1480 GWh/år totalt, jämfört med 22.5 GWh/år i Västeråsregionen. Förklaringen kan ligga i att det är färre industrier i Västeråsområdet, att detta arbete inte inkluderar hela Västerås län utan enbart där fjärrvärmenätet är utbrett samt att undersökningarna genomfördes på olika sätt.
Backlund, Daniela, and Jenny Palmenäs. "Termisk vattenavsaltning med industriell spillvärme : En förstudie om att avhjälpa sötvattenbristen på södra Öland genom att nyttja spillvärmen från Cementa i Degerhamn." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64387.
Full textJohnsson, Emma, and Virginia Cheung. "Vertikalt växthus i Kiruna : Med spillvärme från LKABs gruvindustri." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-126096.
Full textWhile the cities are expanding the demand for locally grown and organic crops is increasing. To be able to produce locally and more sustainable crops, one option could be to grow in a so-called vertical greenhouse. In Kiruna the largest ore mine in Sweden is operated by the company LKAB. Various processes in the mining industry lead to waste heat. In Kiruna, the climate is cold compared to most parts of Sweden, and therefore requires heating for the cultivation to be able to take place all year round in a greenhouse. The project’s task is to explore how to utilize waste heat from the mine to a vertical greenhouse in the context of a new office building at LKAB's mining area. LKAB's new office building has a square footprint on the ground with one of the corners in the south direction. The division between the greenhouse and the office can be simplified by the square divided diagonally where the southern half is the greenhouse and the northern half the office. Since the sunlight is limited in Kiruna the greenhouse walls has been design to adjust to the sun’s low position. The sun’s low position requires a sloped facade in the south direction. The greenhouse’s floor area decreases with each floor. As the external material for the greenhouse glass is used and as framing material steel is used. A hydroponically system is used where the seedlings are put directly in a circulating nutrient solution and in this way the system can be designed with horizontal pipes in several vertical cultivated floors. The greenhouse will be heated with waste heat from LKAB's industry, the project examines two alternatives of waste heat sources, and the result is that both of the alternatives studied can be used to heat the entire volume of the greenhouse.
Lövenhamn, Amanda. "Energi- och spillvärmekartläggning samt återvinning av spillvärme i gjuteriverksamhet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33530.
Full textEnergy consumption is increasing worldwide due to population growth and industrialization. To slow down the current trend it is important to implement energy efficiency.Valmet AB is a company that recently bought a foundry of a bankrupt company. It was necessary because the company relies on a unique part that the foundry produces. Valmet AB, which is a company with energy and environmental issues in focus, wants to investigate whether the foundry can be more energy efficient or not.Melting of metal is an energy intensive process and therefore a large energy supply is needed, but at the same time they have several processes that generate waste heat. The first part of this work is meant to show how much and what kind of energy that the foundry uses and how the electricity use is distributed among different processes. The second part is about identifying waste heat flows and the last part deals with various cases of heat recovery of waste heat.The mapping shows that the foundry uses several different types of energy but electricity is the dominant. 81% of the total energy is electricity, which is the same result obtained in previous surveys conducted in other foundries in Sweden. The process that has the greatest electricity use is the melting furnaces, which has also been identified in previous work as the most demanding electrical process.Waste heat mapping shows three interesting waste heat streams. One is a waste water flow from the furnace cooling system and the other two are the air that is heated as castings and sand cools. The cooling water from the melting furnaces was selected as the most interesting flow. The temperature of the water returning from the ovens varies between 25 and 0°C. The low temperature means that it is regarded as low-grade waste heatThis waste heat can preheat water flows that have a lower temperature such as shower water and radiator water. Preheating the incoming ventilation air is also an option. The last option was chosen and was examined from an energy saving, economic and environmental perspective.By heating the incoming air with a waste heat battery, operated by the two cooling systems from the furnace, the temperature of the inlet air rate increased 5-25°C / hour. The result is that the existing district heat battery does not need to heat the air as much as before. Valmet AB saves 648 000 SEK every year with installation of a waste heat battery, while the fuel energy use of the original battery will be reduced with 9500 kWh per year.
Hasth, Amanda, and Amelia Modée. "Tillvaratagande av spillvärme i fjärrkylereturen : Energieffektivisering av Ulls Hus." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-406962.
Full textHansson, Elisabet. "Peltierelement - spillvärme till el : Peltier element - waste heat into electricity." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-174402.
Full textCarlstedt, Christer. "Hållbarhetsaspekter på tillvaratagande av spillvärme i borrhålslager- ur ett företags- och samhällsperspektiv." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-150781.
Full textSigvardsson, Martin. "Energiåtervinning från gjuteriprocess till fastighet, undersökning för ökat utnyttjande av spillvärme." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-4499.
Full textThis diploma work on D-level is made in cooperation with Varnäsföretagen AB in Eskilstuna. The company performs contract manufactured aluminium goods. This work is a continuation on earlier diploma work in Varnäsföretagen AB. Even if the industry process consumes much energy for melting the aluminium goods, they consume a great amount of oil to warm up the building. The purpose of this work is to examine some places in the building and the process to see how much energy it is possible to recycles to the heating system and reduce the costs for heating. The places have all a big heat excess and recycling will get more acceptable thermal comfort for the staff.
Studies of efficiency, the variation in power and temperatures is made to see how much energy it is possible to recycle. Many systems could with small measures be more efficient.
A general problem for many places is that the energy is in the indoor air and has low temperature. It means that most of the energy is difficult to use in other places than for preheating of the intake air in the air handling units.
Källman, Robert, and David Pettersson. "Kvantifiering och utnyttjande av lågvärdig spillvärme : En fallstudie av en verkstadsindustri." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Energisystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-109643.
Full textThe Energy use is increasing throughout the world, which causes an increased load on the environment. Today, a lot of industries have unused waste heat, which by extended use would reduce the amount of primary energy sources and thus the environmental load together with economical savings that would apply for the industry. DIBO Produktionspartner AB is a manufacturing industry that processes metal‐ and plastic components in CNC‐machines. The machinery consists of 14 CNC‐machines and one compressor that provide the machines with compressed air. The ventilation system consists of two systems, one supply and exhaust air system for the workshop and one heat exchange system for the adjacent office building. Due to activity from the machines and compressor, the company has excess heat which causes high temperatures in the workshop. Today, a gate is opened in order to vent the excess heat and lower the temperature. This project’s aim was to quantify the amount of excess heat available in the workshop and afterwards investigate possible internal and external uses. The excess heat was estimated by setting up an energy balance for the workshop where heat energy contributions and losses were compared. Both the contributions and losses of heat energy were calculated by a workshop inventory, electricity, temperature and ventilation measurements and through simulations of the workshop’s indoor climate. Results show that excess heat occurs in the workshop every month of the year, largely dependent on the outdoor temperature and activity level in the workshop, and amounts to 137 MWh yearly. Regarding the external uses, factors that affect waste heat cooperation, technology to deliver heat and the possibility for DIBO to deliver heat to the district heating system in Katrineholm, was evaluated. Among all the factors to keep in mind in cooperation, trust between the parties, investment division and valuation of waste heat, are some. The technology needed to deliver heat varies, but common equipment includes connecting points and lines and in some cases a circulation pump as well as a heat pump for upgrading the heat. As a result of an air compressor with relatively low power and airborne heat, a suiting heat pump has not been found. Contact with Tekniska verken in Katrineholm showed that the potential amount of heat energy deliverable to the district heating system is too small to be of interest and therefor a delivery to the district heating network is today not relevant. The internal measures are listed in Table 1 along with their potential savings and payback time.
Sundström, Kanon Klara. "Internt utnyttjande av spillvärme : En förstudie till effektivisering av en pelletsproduktion." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85074.
Full textClaesson, Emma. "Analys av sorptiv kylning i industri- och kontorsbyggnader." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets fysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-213151.
Full textNilsson, Jenny Elisabet. "Elproduktion ur låggradig värme : Tillämpningsmöjligheter vid Skellefteå Kraft ABs kraftvärmeverk Skogsbacka i Lycksele." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-91356.
Full textIn a bio-fuelled combined heat and power plant, a lot of energy is lost in the outgoing fumes. By condensing the moist in the fumes, a lot of this energy can be recovered. At the plant Skogsbacka in Lycksele, investments in technology to do this is being considered. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential for using the recovered energy at Skogsbacka for generation of electricity. Different technologies are available for the generation of electricity from low grade heat. This study looks into "Powerbox" and "FlexiGen", two machines working according to the Organic Rankine Cycle, and C3, a newly developed technology that uses a chemical reaction to split the working media into different components. Ways to integrate the machines with the existing system are discussed, and the resulting electricity produced is calculated, and the influence on the rest of the system is considered. It is concluded that the possible economical winnings are very small.
Vestling, Magnus. "Barriärer och drivkrafter för effektiviseringsamt förutsättningar vid spillvärmeåtervinning : En fallstudie av Tegera Arena." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21639.
Full textIverlund, Per. "Värmeväxling med torkluft från Valmets pilotmaskin TM1 : Återvinning av spillvärme vid torkning av mjukpapper." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörs- och kemivetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-32910.
Full textThere are great demands on industrial companies today to be environmentally responsible and resource-efficient. Within the paper and tissue industry a lot of energy is being used in the processes and since many years there’s been a development towards a more efficient energy use, for example by recovery of waste heat. Valmet Tissue Technology Center in Karlstad, Sweden, has a pilot tissue machine without a waste heat recovery system. This thesis was carried out to investigate the waste heat recovery potential of the pilot machine’s drying sections, being the Yankee hood and TAD cylinders. Three different concepts of the machine were studied: DCT®, NTT™ and TAD. The enthalpy and heat flows of the exhaust air from the drying sections were calculated by the air’s mass flow, temperature and humidity. To calculate the heat recovery potential the heat demand for pre-heating combustion and make-up air, heating radiator water and generating steam by using a Waste Heat Steam Generator was investigated. The heat recovery potential was calculated theoretically but also simulated using programs for real heat exchangers. Economic savings from reduced energy use and investment costs was used to calculate the payback time for each investment alternative. As a separate task the maximum district heating loads in the facility of the pilot machine was cross checked with the pilot machine activity, to clarify any relationship between them. The largest enthalpy was found to be in the exhaust air from the Yankee hood when running the DCT concept followed by the NTT concept. However, the largest heat flow is in the exhaust air from the first TAD cylinder. The air from the first TAD cylinder meant the largest heat recovery potential but caused big pressure drops in the heat exchanger. The Waste Heat Steam Generator cannot be used together with the pilot machine due to too low enthalpy and heat flow in the exhaust air from the drying sections. In general the real heat recovery potential when pre-heating combustion and make-up air is smaller than the theoretical potential. In total, heat exchange using exhaust air from the Yankee hood means the largest energy saving when pre-heating air. The real energy saving when pre-heating air using outgoing air from the Yankee hood is 55 MWh per year, meaning 4 300 kg of propane. The largest potential for heating radiator water occurs when using exhaust air from the Yankee hood when running the DCT concept followed by the NTT concept. The TAD concept means smaller heat recovery potential regardless of air from the Yankee hood or TAD cylinders is being used. In total, heat exchange using outgoing air from the Yankee hood means the largest yearly energy saving when heating radiator water, the real energy saving in district heating being 153 MWh per year. The economic saving when pre-heating air is 43 000 SEK per year and when heating radiator water 63 400 SEK per year. The payback time when investing in pre-heating air is 2,6 years and when heating radiator water 4,4 years. A relationship between running the pilot machine and big loads of district heating use can be seen. However, changing the routines of ventilation in the machine hall during trial days would probably be the easiest way to reduce the maximum loads.
Böving, Måns. "Värdet av spillvärme levererad via fjärrkylnätet – med värmepumpanläggningen på Solnaverket och med ny värmepump." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192258.
Full textGenom användning av fjärrkyla kyls värme bort från konsumenten och transporteras via ett fjärrkylnät tillen eller flera centrala kylanläggningar. Norrenergi AB använder värmepumpar på Solnaverket förproduktion av fjärrvärme och fjärrkyla, med renat avloppsvatten från Bromma reningsverk som huvudsakligvärmekälla. En liten mängd värme hämtas emellertid även från fjärrkylnätet när värmepumparna användstill fjärrkylproduktion. Detta medför att konsumenter av fjärrkyla skulle kunna betraktas somspillvärmeleverantörer. I denna studie görs en analys av systemet för att erhålla en uppskattning av vadvärmen som levereras in på fjärrkylnätet, det vill säga användningen av fjärrkyla, har för värde förNorrenergis fjärrvärmeproduktion. Resultaten används dels för att ställas mot produktionskostnaderna förfjärrkylproduktion och dels som ett referensalternativ i en utredning av en investering i en ny värmepump. Resultaten visar att värdet av värmen levererad via fjärrkylnätet under den kallare delen av året i genomsnittär större än produktionskostnaden för fjärrkyla. Värmen har dock inte något värde alls under den varmaredelen av året. Ju kallare det är ute desto dyrare är värmeproduktionen som kan ersättas av värmen frånfjärrkylan. Till följd av att värmen från fjärrkylnätet blandas med värmen som finns att tillgå från spillvattnetfrån Bromma reningsverk kan inte all värme levererad via fjärrkylnätet tillgodogöras till värmeproduktionen. En annan nackdel med den nuvarande produktionslösningen är att värmepumparna inte kan användas tillproduktion av fjärrkyla sommartid utan relativt stora merkostnader i värmeproduktionen. För att möta framtidens efterfrågan på fjärrkyla behöver produktionskapaciteten utökas. Ett alternativ tillen investering i mer spetskapacitet i form av kylmaskiner skulle kunna vara en värmepump för samtidigytterligare basproduktion av fjärrvärme och fjärrkyla. En investering i en ny värmepump, med fjärrkylnätetsom enda värmekälla, visar sig enligt denna studie vara en fördelaktig lösning eftersom det skulle medförabesparingar i både fjärrvärmeproduktionen och fjärrkylproduktionen, med god lönsamhet. Den till syneslämpligaste platsen för den nya värmepumpen skulle vara vid Sundbybergsverket.
Lundgren, Per, and Håkan Mohlin. "Elproduktion med ORC-teknik ombord på fartygsserien MK II." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan, SJÖ, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19834.
Full textMed anledning av att oljepriset har stigit och att miljökraven blivit strängare har intresset för driftoptimering ökat. Projektet har undersökt möjligheten att utvinna elektricitet från den spillvärme som uppkommer i dieselprocessen. En teknik som finns för att tillvarata och omvandla energin till elektricitet är ORC (ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE). Denna process bygger på Rankines process (ångprocessen), skillnaden mot den traditionella Rankineprocessen är att istället för vatten som arbetsmedium används ett organiskt ämne. De huvudkomponenter som används i processen är förångare, turbin, kondensor och en pump. Opcon AB är ett företag som marknadsför en produkt som bygger på ORC-tekniken, en så kallad Powerbox. Under ht 2011 och vt 2012 har en förstudie gjorts på uppdrag av Stena RoRo för att undersöka om Opcons Powerbox är lämplig på Stenas fartygsserie Mk II för elproduktion, med avseende på ekonomisk lönsamhet samt lämplig placering utifrån nödvändig kringutrustning. Undersökningen visar att Powerboxen kan placeras på fartygsserien Mk II. Stena har uppgett att denna investering bör ha en avbetalningstid på tre år. Powerboxen kommer att vara avbetalad efter åtta år.
Nordin, Malin. "Kan restvärme från rörtillverkning tas tillvara till intern fjärrvärme? : En fallstudie för Rörverk 2012 på Sandvik ABs nordvästra industriområde i Sandviken i samarbete med ÅF." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22421.
Full textThe global warming increases together with the release from the growing consumer society andthe world have a great challenge to stop this negative development. The steel industries have the second highest energy use, the highest user is the mass industries, and a large part of the energy is lost as waste heat. Waste heat can be defined as “heat bound to fluids and gases that is released from a process to the environment and can ́t be used.One way to use the waste heat is through district heating. The temperature to wish for if you want to use it for district heating is according to studies 90oC. Lower temperatures can be upgraded by a heat pump for usage in this purpose.The purpose of this thesis was to identify the possibilities to use waste heat from Rörverk 2012 to local district heating at Rörverk 68, Rörverk 98 and Rörverk 2012 and the transport department. The method for the thesis has been to study literature and a case study based on interviews and measurements at Rörverk 2012. Any technical solutions hasn ́t been looked at.For the case study it has been mapped which energy flows who enters the building and which who leaves, the sizes of them has also been mapped. Both real estate and process related flows have been identified. Worth a mention is that the building has an over temperature during large parts of the year and it contains an oven which has a temperature of 80C at the surface, which gives a great energy addition. The high temperatures in the building increases the driving force for transporting heat through walls, which is called transmissions losses and uncontrolled ventilation through leaks and aeration.This research shows that neither of the energy flows out of the building is seen as big enough to recycle heat from. If energy should be taken care of through the hot indoor air it would solve the problem with over temperature inthe building and the driving forces for transmission and uncontrolled ventilation would decrease, which would lead to smaller energy losses. It would also save energy. It is possible to take care of approximately 1.1 GWh through the indoor air each year. This could be done through an upgrade of the temperature by a heat pump and is transmitted to the heating system, which is connected to the other buildings. This would give a better comfort in the building, and decreased energy usage for the nearby buildings. Further investigations for technical solutions are needed.
Christiansson, Samuel. "Potentialen för spillvärmeuppvärmda växthus i Sverige : ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv." Thesis, KTH, Centrum för hälsa och byggande, CHB, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-104312.
Full textLindberg, Daniel. "Installation av rör- och värmeväxlarsystem för spillvärmeåtervinning vid Boliden Rönnskär." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85978.
Full textMarkström, Emilia, and Torgnyson Emelie. "Resurseffektiv livsmedelsproduktion : Tillämpning av industriell symbios för ökad resurseffektivitet inom den svenska tomatodlingsbranschen." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-113681.
Full textBranscher vars energikostnader utgör en stor andel av de totala kostnaderna påverkas i stor utsträckning av de styrmedel som införts för att klara de svenska klimat- och energipolitiska målen. Med energikostnader som utgör drygt 30 procent av totalkostnaden tillhör tomatodlarna en av de branscher som påverkas. För att stärka sin konkurrenskraft gentemot andra länder krävs en mer resurs- och kostnadseffektiv växthusodling av tomater i Sverige. Med utgångspunkt i konceptet industriell symbios utreds i studien förutsättningarna för en resurseffektiv produktion av närodlade tomater i Sverige genom tillvaratagande av låggradig industriell spillvärme. Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i gjuteriindustrin som spillvärmeleverantör. För att utreda spillvärmeutbytets miljömässiga, tekniska och ekonomiska potential genomfördes en jämförande livscykelanalys, en inventering av tillgången på industriell spillvärme i Sverige och en sammanställning över möjliga tekniker för tillvaratagande av låggradig industriell spillvärme för uppvärmning av växthus respektive en jämförande livscykelkostnadsberäkning. För att utreda möjligheterna att realisera potentialen genomfördes en intervjustudie med syfte att identifiera viktiga hinder, drivkrafter och framgångsfaktorer för spillvärmeutbytet samt möjliga utformningar på ett spillvärmeavtal. För att visa på hur några av de identifierade hindren kan överbryggas togs ett förslag på avtalsmodell fram. Resultatet visar att det finns potential att minska klimatpåverkan från produktionen av tomater genom att utnyttja spillvärme. Resultatet visar även att mängden industriell spillvärme i Sverige är tillräcklig för att göra landet självförsörjande på tomater. I dagsläget finns dock ingen utvecklad teknik för att tillvarata spillvärme av låg temperatur för uppvärmning av växthus. Användning av konventionell teknik medför orimligt höga kostnader på grund av de låga temperaturerna. Detta gäller inte minst när ett spillvärmeflöde inte är kontinuerligt. Teknikutveckling är därmed nödvändig för att öka konceptets potential. Intervjustudien indikerar att de främsta hindren för att realisera spillvärmeutbyten är kunskapsbrist angående tillgänglig mängd spillvärme, brist på kontinuerliga spillvärmeflöden samt osäkerhet kring utformning av spillvärmeavtalet. De främsta drivkrafterna som identifierats är av ekonomisk karaktär men även oro för framtida lagstiftning angående spillvärme samt sociala drivkrafter, i form av vilja att skapa fler arbetstillfällen och en levande landsbygd, är av vikt. Betydande framgångsfaktorer är möjligheten för båda parter att tjäna på utbytet, ömsesidig strävan efter att bägge parter ska lyckas med sina respektive verksamheter samt att det finns andra drivkrafter än de rent ekonomiska för att inleda ett samarbete kring ett spillvärmeutbyte. Flertalet av de identifierade hindren för spillvärmeutbytet är förknippade med aktörssamverkan. Det är därför viktigt att dessa hinder överbryggas genom att utforma ett spillvärmeavtal som är förmånligt för bägge parter. De punkter i avtalet som är av störst vikt är bindningstiden, leveranssäkerheten, kostnadsfördelning samt prissättning. Sammantaget kan det konstateras att det finns potential för konceptet men att många hinder och frågetecken kvarstår innan en realisering är möjlig. Denna studie har bidragit med kunskap kring nuläget avseende möjligheterna att realisera ett spillvärmeutbyte mellan en industri och ett växthus. Studien ger inblick i vad som kvarstår att utreda innan kommersialisering av konceptet är möjligt.
Thorbjörnsson, Ludvig. "Utnyttjande av spillvärme och minskade behov av köpt el i biltvättar : En undersökning av Berners miljötvättar i Östersund och Sundsvall." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörs- och kemivetenskaper (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84827.
Full textBerners is a major player in the sale and service of cars and transport vehicles in Jämtland and Västernorrland. At its facilities in Sundsvall and Östersund, Berners provides, among other things, car washes and auto reconditioning and these operations give rise to large discharges of water and chemicals. To reduce emissions, Berners has installed evaporator treatment, which is a treatment technique based on the evaporation of dirty washing water and the fallout of dangerous particles. With this technology, almost all chemical emissions are eliminated and approximately 90 percent of the washing water is reused. Evaporator cleaning requires a lot of energy in the form of electricity that is currently purchased. The treatment technology also gives rise to waste heat in both air and water, which is currently not used. The purpose of the work is to investigate potential improvement measures for Berner's car washes, to make the existing and possible future facilities better. This is done by investigating the possibilities of utilizing waste heat and reducing the need for purchased electricity, through own production of electricity with solar cells. The goal is to thereby produce a basis for Berners when they are to decide on any changes to the existing washes and when building new facilities. The basis shall consist of results for reduced energy needs, reduced emissions, reduced need for purchased electricity and lifetime savings for the improvement measures. The work examined three different improvement measures. Installation of FTX- ventilation to heat the incoming air to an adjacent room with outgoing air from the room where the evaporator is located, installation of a plate heat exchanger to heat the liquid in a radiator circuit with outgoing distillate from the evaporator and installation of solar cells to reduce the need for bought electricity for the evaporator. Monocrystalline, polycrystalline and thin film solar cells as well as different sizes of installed area were investigated. Reduced energy needs were calculated for FTX and VVX, reduced needs for purchased electricity were calculated for solar cells and reduced emissions of carbon dioxide equivalents as well as lifetime savings were calculated for all three improvement measures. The results show that a combination of installing FTX, VVX and polycrystalline solar cells generates the largest lifetime savings, as well as the largest emission reductions. Installing a plate heat exchanger to take advantage of waste heat in distillates is the single best measure to reduce energy needs. When installing one or more of the various improvement measures, Berners can reduce the energy needs and emissions from the car washes and reduce the need for purchased electricity, while at the same time saving money.
Milesson, Joel, and Erika Abrahamsson. "Geoenergilager Xylem : Visualisering och lönsamhet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för bygg- och energiteknik (BE), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-27037.
Full textVatn, Sandra. "Möjligheter för nyttiggörandet av värme : Från två metallindustrier i Kronobergs län." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggd miljö och energiteknik (BET), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45080.
Full textMarklund, Emma. "Oljeförbränning och kylning - är det verkligen nödvändigt? : Effektivisering av spillvärmeanvändning inom LKAB:s fjärrvärmesystem i Kiruna." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Energivetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79853.
Full textAt LKAB's site in Kiruna, there are three pellet plants with associated systems for heat recovery that take advantage of the heat in the exhaust gases from the pellet plants. These three heat recovery systems are the main producers of heat for the internal district heating system, which consists of eight different flow circuits connected with heat exchangers. To balance the production of district heating in the system against the consumption, there are oil boilers placed in the system. These burn oil when there is too little heat available from the heat recovery system. On occasions when there is too much heat available at the heat recovery system, is it possible to cool off some heat to the process water system using three cooling heat exchangers. This heat exchangers are directly connected to the flow circuits close to each heat recovery system. Due to the complexity of the system operating situations sometimes occur where heat is cooled away to the process water at the same time as it is burning oil in the district heating system. The aim of the thesis is to find measures that can reduce the amount of oil burned while cooling heat from the heat recovery system. Due to the complexity of the system, only the three flow circuits closest connected to the heat recovery systems will be analyzed. Therefore the assumption was made that there are no other restrictions affecting the possibilities of transferring the heat from the district heating heat exchangers connected to the heat recovery systems to the consumers in the grid. To analyze the problem values for each hour during 2018 have been used for all relevant sensors in the system. The unnecessary oil combustion that has occurred while heat has been cooled off to the process water system has been defined by comparing the amount of oil combustion in the entire system during that time with the sum of the heat that cools of at the same time in the three cooling heat exchangers. At the beginning of the work, it was revealed that there is a control coupled to the flow circuit closest to pellet plant 4 which ensures that part of the heat always cools against the cooling heat exchanger, to ensure temperatures in the process water system. According to information from LKAB, an assumption is made that this heat can be used in the district heating system instead. It was also found flow restrictions on the secondary side of the three district heat exchangers. These restrictions were part of the control of the district heating outlet from the three flow circuits, but analysis showed that these limitations had caused an increase in the oil combustion by reducing the possibilities for extraction of waste heat. In 2018, combustion of oil produced 12.03 GWh heat at the same time as heat was cooled off from the heat recovery system, which corresponds to 67% of total oil combustion during the same year. If the intentional cooling to the process water system from pellet plant 4 ceased, this could be reduced to 10.75 GWh for 2018. Adjustments of the flow restrictions specified for the secondary side of the three district heat exchangers resulted in greater improvements. If these were raised from 320 m3/h to 380 m3/h for pellet plant 2 and from 480 m3/h and 350 m3/h to 530 m3/h for pellet plant 3 and 4, respectively, the unnecessary oil combustion could decrease to 5.75 GWh in 2018. Combining the two measures would result in only 4.96 GWh of oil being burned in 2018 while cooling heat to the process water.
Dimasi, Rezgar, and Lantz Philip Daniel. "Spillvärmens potential som resurs i verkstadsföretag samt dess investeringsbarriärer : The potential of waste heat as a resource in engineering companies and its investment barriers." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-77547.
Full textIndustriell spillvärme har funnits sedan flera hundra år tillbaka och har länge bara antagits vara en biprodukt från industriella aktiviteter. Syftet med studien var att bidra med kunskap om spillvärmeenergins potential som resurs ur ett ekonomiskt och miljömässigt perspektiv samt identifiera vilken betydelsefull problematik som kan finnas vid beslutsfattande om implementering av spillvärmeåtervinningssystem. Studien genomfördes i form av en fallstudie med verkstadsföretaget Epiroc Drilling Tools AB i Fagersta som studieobjekt. Spillvärmekartläggningen visade att optimal återvinningspotential fanns vid värmebehandlingsugnarnas avfacklingar i form av rökgaser. Den totala spillvärmeenergin som fanns tillgänglig att återvinna i verkstadens alla 24 industriella ugnar, uppskattades till mellan 1,63 till 1,92 GWh per år. Verkstadsföretaget hade 2018 ett fjärrvärmebehov på ca 2,3 GWh. Investering i spillvärmeåtervinningssystemet skulle innebära att företaget kan täcka upp till 83% anläggningens fjärrvärmebehov. Verkstadsföretaget hade som mål att under en treårsperiod, bland annat sänka sin totala energianvändning med 20% och en återvinning av den tillgängliga spillvärmeenergin skulle kunna bidra med 4,2 till 5,0% av företagets energieffektiveringsprojekt. En återvinning av spillvärmen uppskattades resultera i kapitala besparingar mellan 900 000 till 1 100 000 SEK exklusive moms årligen. Grundinvesteringskostnaden för återvinningssystemet uppskattades till 3 500 000 SEK med en driftkostnad på 220 000 SEK. Payback-tiden uppskattades till ca 4 år för verkstadsföretaget att helt återbetala investeringskostnaden för återvinningssystemet. Primär- och sekundärdatainsamling resulterade i att besvara vilken problematik och vilka hinder som kunde uppstå vid beslutsfattande gällande investering och implementering av spillvärmeåtervinningssystem.
Ansved, Johannes, Anton Barr, Marcus Baumann, Matilda Blomander, Carl Hedman, Erik Kempe, Viktor Nerlander, and Arvid Press. "Innovativt spillvärmesystem för Cytiva." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-416189.
Full textRos, Magnus, and Mattias Vik. "Uppvärmning av växthus med låga vattentemperaturer : Prov med värmevatten mellan två plastfilmer." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för information och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-38033.
Full textToday, a large part of the vegetables consumed in Sweden are produced abroad and transported to shops and consumers in Sweden. The reason that Sweden today does not produce tomatoes, vegetables and lettuce etc. all year round is because the energy use to keep the greenhouses warm during the winter months is large and entails large costs. In Borlänge and several other cities, there are large industries that generate large amounts of heat energy that cannot be used internally. This heat can be used and used where heat with a lower temperature is acceptable and is then called residual heat or waste heat. The purpose of this study is to find out if it is possible to eliminate heat losses out through the roof of a greenhouse with the help of low-temperature water. The method used in this study is experiments in a climate chamber where a greenhouse model is mounted and used. In the climate chamber, tests can be performed to mimic a winter situation, temperatures for hot and cold side can be changed according to the desired situation. The results from this study show that it is possible to cover heat losses through the roof layer of the greenhouse with a mass flow of hot water, 0.013 kg/s.m2 and a temperature that is below 40 ̊ C between double-layered plastic foil. For the tested model, which is intended to simulate a real situation at -20 ̊ C outdoor temperature, the 5.3 ̊ C temperature difference between average water temperature and indoor temperature was sufficient with detergent additive. The result without detergent additive was a temperature difference of 9.5 ̊ C between average water temperature and indoor temperature. For a venlo greenhouse that is square and 10,000 m2, the majority of the greenhouse's heat losses have been eliminated.It is also possible to heat the greenhouse with this system, but heat losses from the water out through the roof will be unreasonably much greater than the useful heat it adds to the greenhouse. To cover the remaining heat losses, it is then necessary to supplement with another heating system. The study also shows that by breaking the surface tension of the hot water, by adding detergent, you can make the water cover a larger part of the surface of the plastic and thus get a greater heat transfer. With a mixture of 0.21% detergent in the water, water with a lower temperature can be used to achieve the same results as with pure water with a higher temperature.
Abdi, Faisa, and Muse Farah. "Energieffektivisering av Limatvätten AB : Värmeåtervinning från manglar." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28697.
Full textEnergy efficiency is in the interest of all industries, as it involves the reduction of both energy and cost. The purpose of this project for a bachelor’s degree is to analyse potential energy recovery of waste heat from an ironer. The work was carried out at Limatvätten AB, which is a large and modern laundry facility. Limatvätten AB is a textile service company that has been in existence for 50 years. The Lima laundry’s main customers are from the hotel and restaurant business. Limatvätten AB has its own textiles that are rented to hotels, conferences, etc. The largest customers are in Sälenfjällen and in the Siljan region. The work is done by identifying moisture, temperature and dynamic pressure in an ironer Based on measurements, the amount of energy that can be recycled is calculated. Heat recovery system proposals are also given in the report. Aquavent is a heat exchanger that uses ventilation heat from the ironers. The water that is heated in the aquavent is led into the washing pipes, which leads to the reduction of steam consumption in washing processes. Temperature change depends on the heat exchanger's efficiency, the higher the temperature change, the more amount of energy recovery is obtained. After identification of the problem, a timetable was mapped, and appropriate instruments and interesting parameters were chosen. The moisture content, temperature and dynamic pressure have been measured. The equations described in the theory section are used for most of the calculations with the help of Excel. According to the result, the energy saving will be 184 MWh/year if all excess heat from a mangle is reused. Based on the result, the total savings potential is SEK 57 000 /year. According to the results, it is shown that there is the potential to use excess heat from the Lima wash ironers. In addition to the saving of energy, climate impact is also reduced, as the excess energy is again reused which would otherwise disappear into the atmosphere. If two of the ironers are coupled with a heat recovery system, it results in a doubling on the savings potential.
Lagerquist, Jenny, and Kristine Berget. "Elproduktion från industriell restvärme : En undersökning om förutsättningar och attityder inom svensk industri." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103856.
Full textBerglund, Simon. "Rock cavern as thermal energy storage." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Energivetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79596.
Full textHösten 2019 genomfördes en omfattande idéstudie om värmelagring i två bergrum vid Näsudden i Skelleftehamn och var en del av projektkursen "\textit {Energiteknik, huvudkurs}" vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Denna idéstudie undersökte villkoren för att använda spillvärme från Boliden AB:s kopparsmältverk (Rönnskär) och lagra denna värme i bergrummen och använda dem som säsongslagrade ackumulatortankar. Syftet med detta var att använda värmen i det närliggande fjärrvärmenätverket och därmed ersätta en del av den förbrända oljan hos Rönnskär. Författarna utforskade detta genom att undersöka två olika lagringscykler för säsongslagring och modellerade detta i ANSYS Fluent för att simulera värmelagring och värmeförluster. Resultaten från idéstudien visade lovande resultat för säsongsbaserad värmelagring i dessa bergrum och detta arbete är därför en fortsättning av idéstudien. Eftersom studien gav en god förståelse för förhållandena för säsongslagring, uppstod några frågor om hur bergrummen kommer att bete sig under en intermittent drift, vilket är den planerade driften av bergrummen vid en framtida användning. I detta projekt undersöks intermittent drift av dessa bergrum och hur detta påverkar temperaturen i bergrummen och dess omgivning, laddnings- / urladdningshastigheten, hur isolerade väggar påverkar driften och hur oljeförbrukningen reduceras. I början av detta projekt gjordes en genomgång av idéstudien och liknande projekt för att få djupare kunskap om ämnet, men också för att få ett bredare grepp om de olika problem som kan uppstå under arbetets gång. Relevant data för bergrummen samlades in och anskaffades för att få en djupare förståelse för dess geometri, layout och vilken typ av ändringar som verkligen är möjliga. Ytterligare data från fjärrvärmenätverket för Boliden AB och Skellefteå Kraft förvärvades. Den tillgängliga spillvärme från Rönnskär undersöktes och användes för att beräkna den urladdningsbara energin per timme för bergrummen, med begränsningarna i Skelleftehamns fjärrvärmenät i åtanke. Genom att undersöka de olika ångpannmönstren kan urladdningsmönstret beräknas. Med hjälp av CFD kan den okända globala värmeöverföringskoefficienten mellan bergrumsvattnet och bergväggen bestämmas. Denna data användes sedan med en uppsättning differentialekvationer för att modellera driften av bergrummen i Simulink. Detta gjorde det möjligt att bestämma beteendet för bergrummen under normal drift, till exempel hur värmeförlusterna utvecklas, hur temperaturen fluktuerar, hur mycket värme bergrummen kan laddas med och hur mycket de kan ladda ur. Resultaten från simuleringarna visade att bergrummen kan ladda ur en större mängd energi än vid en säsongsbetonad drift. Beroende på hur grottorna utnyttjas erhålls olika mängder urladdad energi. Detta sträcker sig från 2224,7MWh till 7846,1MWh för de olika urladdningsmönstren. Användningen påverkar också grottans effektivitet vilket ger en effektivitet mellan 19% och 53,9%. Värmeförlusterna sträcker sig från cirka 1000 kW till 20kw, beroende på drift. Isolering av bergväggarna minskar i genomsnitt värmeförlusten med en faktor 5. Att använda grottorna intermittent skulle i genomsnitt ersätta totalt 29 kton CO2 och 88,74 ton NOx för den förväntade livslängden på 30 år. Bergrummen har även god ekonomisk potential eftersom de skulle spara cirka 80 miljoner SEK under sin livstid bara från minskade oljekostnader.
Sandström, Mimmi. "Modelling of organic data centers." Thesis, KTH, Kemiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289173.
Full textIn the master thesis, the opportunity of recovering thermal energy by operating an organic data center is investigated. This thermal energy, or waste heat as it is called, is generated as a byproduct of the cooling of large-scale high-performance computing centers. The intent is to use this waste heat to cover for the energy demand of a greenhouse. The purpose of the organic data center is to integrate a large data center with a greenhouse to maximise the profit on all the three pillars of sustainability; the financial, the environmental and the social pillar. Moreover, the massive power consumption of the large data centers will be reduced by the implementation of free cooling. The thesis aims at examining the technical feasibility of a typical organic data center, placed at three locations in Sweden; Luleå, Stockholm and Lund. Further, to find out what the effects of the data center and greenhouse symbiosis. The research problems to be answered are firstly, what the optimal dimension of an organic data center is for the maximum waste heat utilisation, if it is placed at the locations mentioned. Secondly, where the organic data center ideally would be placed in Sweden for a maximum profit. Lastly, what the capital and operational expenses are for the organic data center as well as the revenue and social return of investment. Solving the research problems is done by modelling the technical and financial conditions of the organic data center using the software Microsoft Excel, as well as analysing the business from a sustainability perspective. The market for similar projects is also investigated. From the thesis work, it is found that all locations are suitable for the implementation of free cooling. However, the optimal localization of a typical organic data center would be in Luleå, based on several contributing factors, including the low price for electricity and land, and high access to natural resources. Moreover, there is not as many competitors with the same business idea on the local market as for instance, in Stockholm. This reduces the rivalry to be the biggest local business. Finally, varying the technical and agricultural aspects of the greenhouse to perfectly match the data center at the current location should be considered in future work.
Winsjansen, Frida. "Utredning av energibesparingspotential och lönsamhet hos kompressorsystem med värmeåtervinning : För integrering i industriellt uppvärmningssystem." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27776.
Full textIn order to meet the growing demand for energy in the future, while contributing to a long-term sustainable energy supply, resource and energy efficiency measures are required within several sectors. In 2016 the industry sector accounted for more than 50 percent of the global power demand. The use of existing resources, such as waste heat from compressed air production, is a possible efficiency measure. Behind this thesis work is a request from the Sandvik AB Group to estimate savings potential and reinvestment costs in one of the industry's compressor centers, Götvalsverket. The reinvestment refers to two new compressors whose waste heat is integrated into the industry's existing district heating system and allows for reduced resource and energy costs as well as a reduction of CO2-emissions. This work aims to investigate different compressor alternatives from an economic- and environmental perspective. This is done using collected data, a sensitivity analysis and profitability calculations with an attached LCC-analysis. The aim is to answer various questions regarding total investment cost, energy and resource saving as well as emission reduction. Two cases in production are investigated. The first according to the existing operation hours in Götvalsverket and the second case with an optimized operating time for the compressor units. A literature review has also been conducted where several studies show that compressed air is an expensive alternative to energy production and that implementation of efficiency measures, including waste heat recovery, can be well-founded investments. Other benefits can also be linked to energy efficiency, such as improved production and an improved work environment for employees. The result of the work showed that one alternative in particular stood out from the other compressor solutions, both from an economic and environmental point of view. This option did not offer the cheapest investment but the amount of recovered waste heat was much larger than for the other alternatives and therefore, energy savings reduced the payback period drastically. The utilizing of existing resources such as waste heat, together with the industry sector’s reduced energy consumption, is considered a necessity in order to ensure the well-being of people, animals and nature in the future.
Svensson, Andreas. "Utvärdering av kommersiell TEG-enhet på en värmeplatta : Generering av elektricitet från temperaturskillnader." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för information och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37793.
Full textIn recent years the topic of reducing the energy usage has been on the agenda. There are several ways of reducing the energy usage and one of these is to recycle heat energy. It could be both waste heat and useful heat. This can be implied to the industry, transport sector, households and on daily activities. The common factor between these is that large quantities of energy is used and to a large extent consists of losses to the surrounding or from processes that are not optimized. In recent time there has been done research around technology that can recycle and use this heat energy and in return reduce the energy usage. One technology to do this is thermoelectric generators (TEG) that are implementing the Seebeck effect to generate electricity from temperature differences. When a TEG-element have one side that is exposed to a heat source and one side being cooled down an electric voltage is being generated. An electric current and power can then be used from the circuit if the element is connected to an electric load. The material in the element exists of semiconductive materials with low heat conductivity and high electric conductivity. The technology has existed for a long time but has never been implemented to a larger extent. It is only in recent years that the interest has grown and some commercial products with TEG-elements has been developed. In this thesis one of these products has been tested to see how viable it would be to use these within a household that is not connected to the electrical grid and where the house is heated with a wood-burning stove. The TEG-product is tested on a heat plate where it is possible to set a desired temperature. The temperatures of 150° C, 200° C and 230° C are chosen for testing the performance of the product. A circuit is put together to be able to read the values of the voltage and current at different loads that are set with resistors. The measurements are done with an increase of 0,1 A for every measurement. The result from these tests shows that the maximum power of 14 W is achieved at 230° C on the hot side. But when modification of the product is made to increase the temperature difference a value of 17,8 W is attained. This indicate that the power is increasing when the temperature difference is increasing. The attained voltage at open circuit was as highest 31 V and at maximum power it was 17,8 V. The current was then 1 A. The results that the testing gave did not match the value of 25 W that the datasheet says the product can deliver. Also, the product is missing important components such as voltage regulator.It is possible from both the theory and the testing to see that it is suitable to use a TEG-product to generate small amount of electricity to households that are not connected to the electrical grid.
Eriksson, Åsa. "Ny teknik för småskalig kraftvärme : - med fokus på Organisk RankineCykel (ORC)." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6316.
Full textAs a part of the fight against the global warming the energy production needs to be more efficient and redirected towards sustainable options. One alternative is cogeneration, which means that electricity and heat is produced in one plant. The purpose with this survey is to examine if there are any commercial available combined heat and power techniques, based on combustion of solid moist biomass, which are suitable to small-scale applications. The technique must be able to produce between 2 and 10 MW thermal and the heat demand is a Swedish district-heating system. When already published reports had been studied, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) was chosen as the most suitable technique. The possibility of using the ORC to generate electricity from the district-heating return flow was considered simultaneously. The chosen ORC-technique was then evaluated in Excel. The first aspect to be examined was how the performance of a combined heat and power plant was affected by variations in the supply line temperature. It showed that the performance reaches top levels when the temperature is low. The second part contains an optimisation, in a techno-economical perspective, of the ratio between cogeneration and separate heat production for district-heating systems with heat demands below 50 GWh/year. The most profitable combined heat and power plant generates 45 % of the installed power in a 50 GWh system. The profit is, however, too low to justify any construction plans. The conclusion was that there are no economical reasons to choose combined heat and power based on an organic rankine cycle in Sweden today.
Hammarström, Anton. "Utvärdering av potential för värmeåtervinning från laborationsutrustning : Möjligheten att använda en kylvattenbassäng som termiskt säsongslager." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för kemiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-34309.
Full textHETA Education in Härnösand has a steam power plant for educational purposes which is cooled with water from a 329 m³ underground basin. The purpose of this thesis has been to examine how the basin with the waste heat can be used as seasonal thermal energy storage with an existing 7.8 kW heat pump in order to heat the machine room of their lab building. A spreadsheet was created in Microsoft Excel in order to carry out the calculations. As no measurement data was available, a simulated scenario was created based on temperature statistics and the operating schedule for the power plant from the year 2017. Transmission losses were calculated for the basin and the machine room. For the basin, mostly observational data and knowledge among the staff were used, while the insulation for the machine room mainly had to be estimated based on the construction year. The result was that the heat pump, with the current operating schedule, could cover around 45% of the yearly heating demand of the machine room. Of the 276 GJ that were added through cooling of the power plant during a year, according to calculations, only 2,7% could be used for heating the machine hall, due to lacking insulation in the basin. The greatest limitations for achieving a higher heating coverage and a greater usage of the waste heat were assessed to be the placement in time of the power plant runs, and the effect of the heat pump. If the runs would be placed mainly in November–April, and the heat pump replaced with a 10 kW one, around 74% of the heating demand could be covered and 18 % of the waste heat used. Other things, such as increased insulation in the basin and larger water volume were also assessed to be able to increase the capacity of the basin as heat storage.
Larsson, Sarah, and Tamara Dragic. "Elproduktion från lågvärdig spillvärme med ny teknik; ECT-processen : Modellering och jämförelse med Organic Rankine Cycle." Thesis, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-44494.
Full textDen ständigt ökande befolkningen i världen sätter allt större press på jorden och dess naturresurser. Samtidigt fortsätter användningen av fossila bränslen att skapa koldioxidutsläpp som påskyndar den globala uppvärmningen. Därför blir det allt viktigare att använda jordens resurser sparsamt och att söka alternativa bränslen som kan ersätta de fossila. Användningen av lågvärdig spillvärme - som är en biprodukt av industriprocesser - har fått mycket uppmärksamhet under de senaste årtiondena. Elproduktion från denna lågvärdiga spillvärme är ett sätt att ta tillvara på den värme som annars går till spillo, där Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) är den vanligaste tekniken för att åstadkomma detta. Den nya tekniken som utvärderas i detta arbete kallas ECT-processen och är en teknik som bygger på ORC-processen. ECT-processen kan ungefär beskrivas som tre separata ORC-cykler som använder sig av samma flöde av spillvärme. Lågvärdig spillvärme definieras i detta arbete som värme med en temperatur på 60-200 oC och kyls under processen ner till en temperatur på 20-50 oC. Inom industrin kommer spillvärmen ofta i form av rökgaser eller varm vätska och därför har båda former testats. Köldmediet som används som värmebärare i processen är R134a. Syftet med arbetet är att jämföra dessa tekniker med hänsyn till termisk verkningsgrad, elproduktion och värmeväxlararea för att ge en bild av hur bra ECT-processen är i jämförelse med ORC-processen. Även klimatpåverkan i form av utsläpp av koldioxidekvivalenter och val av köldmedium tas hänsyn till vid utvärdering av teknikerna. Den el som produceras skall kunna ersätta marginalel. En ekonomisk analys av tekniken utförs med hänsyn till investeringskostnad för förångningssystem, kondensorer och köldmedium som beräknas med en återbetalningstid på tre år. Kostnad för pumpar och turbiner är okänd och deras kostnad skall täckas av nettovinsten för tekniken. Målet med arbetet är att verifiera ECT-processen med avseende på nytta och kostnad för att underlätta en kommersialisering av tekniken. En jämförelse med existerande teknik utförs för att bevisa att ECT-processen har potential att effektivare utnyttja den tillgängliga spillvärmen och på så sätt bidra till en större elproduktion. Resultat visar att ECT-processen är bättre än ORC-processen vad gäller både termisk verkningsgrad och elproduktion. Den kräver även en mindre värmeväxlararea vilket bidrar till lägre komponentkostnader. Då en större mängd el kan produceras från samma mängd spillvärme, betyder det att en större mängd marginalel kan ersättas och att ECT-processen därmed är bättre även ur ett klimatperspektiv. När spillvärmen kommer i form av rökgaser krävs så stor värmeväxlararea att komponentkostnaden blir orimligt stor och därför bör endast spillvärme i form av varm vätska användas. ECT-processen ger bättre resultat än ORC-processen vad gäller alla undersökta kriterier men begränsas av köldmediet och därför rekommenderas vidare studier för att hitta en lämplig ersättare till R134a. Samma scenario ger inte bästa resultat för alla kriterier. Ur ekonomiskt perspektiv är det till exempel önskvärt att ha en liten differens mellan start-och sluttemperatur på spillvärmen men det scenariot ger upphov till minst mängd producerad el, vilket motsäger syftet med ECT-processen. Därför är det viktigt att ta hänsyn till alla kriterier vid en utvärdering av ECT-processen.
Karlsson, Kristofer. "Restvärmetillförsel i Ludvikas Fjärrvärmesystem : Påverkan på befintlig värmeproduktion vid olika inkopplingsscenarier av 60°C restvärme." Thesis, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-394012.
Full textMattsson, Niclas, and Daniel Kullgren. "Effektivare energianvändning hos SIA Glass AB." Thesis, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-34001.
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