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Journal articles on the topic 'Spindle Cell Tumor'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Singh Jatin Bhatt, Aparajita. "Case Report on Spindle Cell Tumor." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 6 (2023): 2959–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/mr23426075734.

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Mizutani, Kenichi, Motona Kumagai, Akane Aikawa, et al. "Nasal spindle cell tumor with rhabdomyoblastic features: A rare and diagnostically difficult case." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 8 (January 2020): 2050313X2096409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x20964090.

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Nasal spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma is very rare. The tumor is sometimes confused with other spindle cell tumors. We herein report a case of nasal spindle cell tumor in a 62-year-old woman. The patient first presented herself to a medical doctor’s office after an episode of left epistaxis. An intranasal tumor was found and resected. The tumor was composed of spindle cells, and she was diagnosed with desmoid-type fibromatosis. Five years after the initial episode, an intranasal tumor was found again. The tumor showed a fascicular growth pattern with high cellularity and was predominantly composed of spindle cells. Scattered eosinophilic rhabdomyoblasts were also observed. She was diagnosed with spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma. This is a unique case report not only because nasal spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma is very rare but also because the tumor was initially diagnosed as desmoid-type fibromatosis. It is important to consider spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma as a differential diagnosis of nasal spindle cell tumors.

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Grebenkin, E. V., Sh V. Malhanov, D. Y. Agibalov, G. O. Rukhadze, I. R. Kryuchkov, and V. V. Fedotov. "Mucin-poor mucinous tubular and spindle cell kidney cancer and clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a rare clinical case." Urology Herald 11, no. 2 (2023): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2023-11-2-164-170.

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Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of the kidney is a rare low-grade malignant tumour and accounts for less than 1% of all renal neoplasms. The classic morphological structure of the tumor is represented by three elements: spindle cells, ducts and myxoid or mucinous stroma. This tumor is indolent with a low risk of metastasis and a favorable outcome. However, cases with relapses, metastases to regional lymph nodes, and distant metastases, which were mainly characterised by high nuclear atypia, sarcomatoid transformation and other atypical morphological features are described in the literature. Several cases of mucin-poor and mucin-free mucinous tubular and spindle cell renal cell carcinoma have also been presented, making it difficult to differentiate from other renal cell carcinomas. There are reports of cases of mucin poor mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, which were accompanied by relapses and metastases. Thus, although the tumour is indolent, careful follow-up is necessary even after radical excision. In this article, we report a rare clinical case of combination of mucin-poor mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma and clear cell renal cell carcinoma of the kidney in a 50-year-old man. The results of clinical and instrumental studies, as well as the morphological features of both tumors are presented. Due to the atypical morphological structure of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, the final diagnosis was possible using an immunohistochemical method, which demonstrated the immunohistochemical profile characteristic of this tumour.

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Wehrle, Chase J., J. Will Daigle, Asad Ullah, Suash Sharma, Edmond F. Ritter, and Edward J. Kruse. "Atypical Spindle Cell Lipomatous Lesion Resected From Patient With History of CLL." American Surgeon 86, no. 9 (2020): 1208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003134820933601.

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Atypical spindle cell lipomatous neoplasm, also known as well-differentiated spindle cell liposarcoma, represents a newly discovered entity of adipocytic tumors. Recent research has shown this tumor variant to be more related to spindle cell lipoma, rather than the originally hypothesized atypical lipomatous tumor spectrum. Here we present a case of a 58-year-old man with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with an enlarging mass on the posterior left shoulder, initially hypothesized to be a benign lipoma. However, magnetic resonance imaging showed a large, multiseptated, heterogeneous mass concerning for soft tissue sarcoma. After resection, pathologic analysis showed cells closely resembling spindle cell lipoma, with additional cellular and fascicular zones containing lipoblasts and mitotic figures. Molecular analysis showed no MDM2 amplification. This lack of amplification indicates this tumor is distinctly different from an atypical lipomatous tumor, which characteristically displays MDM2 amplification. However, tumor expression of RB1 was normal. The majority of atypical spindle cell lipomatous neoplasms are associated with RB1 deletions. We conclude that we have a unique example of an atypical spindle cell lipomatous tumor.

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Dardick, Irving, and Peter Rippstein. "Subcutaneous Metastatic Spindle Cell Tumor." Ultrastructural Pathology 11, no. 5-6 (1987): 745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01913128709048462.

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Mariño-Enriquez, Adrian, Alessandra F. Nascimento, Azra H. Ligon, Cherwei Liang, and Christopher D. M. Fletcher. "Atypical Spindle Cell Lipomatous Tumor." American Journal of Surgical Pathology 41, no. 2 (2017): 234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pas.0000000000000770.

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Maurya, Vivek, Girish Motwani, and Ankit Jaiswal. "Benign Spindle Cell Tumor of Flexor Tendon Sheath of Toe: A Rare Case Report." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 15, no. 5 (2025): 146–50. https://doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i05.5590.

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Introduction: Spindle cell tumors are tumors consisting of spindle cells that are long and slender cells when viewed under a microscope. Their incidence is low and usually benign in nature, although it may turn malignant rarely. Histopathological diagnosis is gold-standard for diagnosis although Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may help in narrowing down the diagnosis pre-operatively. Complete tumor excision is the mainstay for managing these tumors. Case Report: A 15-year-old male presented to our outpatient department with complaints of pain and swelling over the plantar aspect of his right foot for 4 months. Overlying skin showed no signs of adherence or local inflammation. An ultrasound-guided FNAC gave a provisional diagnosis of a benign spindle cell tumor. MRI showed a tumor arising from the 3rd flexor digitorum longus tendon sheath. A tumor excision was done and a biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. There have been no signs of recurrence since the past 12 months. Conclusion: A benign spindle cell tumor arising from the flexor tendon sheath in the foot is a rare soft tissue tumor. However, it should be kept as a differential diagnosis in a benign soft tissue swelling in a young male requiring timely excision. Regular follow-up is needed to rule out recurrence. Keywords: Spindle cell tumor, flexor digitorum longus, biopsy.

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Nistal, Manuel, Pilar Gonzalez-Peramato, Alvaro Serrano, Miguel Reyes-Mugica, and Mariana M. Cajaiba. "Primary Intratesticular Spindle Cell Tumors: Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Tumor and Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor." International Journal of Surgical Pathology 19, no. 1 (2008): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896908323505.

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Nimmagadda, Moorthy N. L., Vithaleswar M. Rao, Padmaja S., and Harshini Reddy. "Spindle cell sarcoma of sphenoid bone." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 11 (2017): 5072. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174974.

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Primary bone tumors involving skull are extremely rare and they constitute 0.8% of all bone tumors. The common tumors that are seen in skull base include fibrous dysplasia, giant cell tumor, chordoma, ossifying fibroma, angiosarcoma. We report a rare case of spindle cell sarcoma arising from right sphenoid bone in a 70-year-old male which presented as unilateral defective vision with mild proptosis.

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Kanteti, A. P., and E. Martinez Duarte. "A Rare Case of Dedifferentiated Solitary Fibrous Tumor." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (2020): S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.089.

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Abstract Casestudy: Dedifferentiated solitary fibrous tumor is a rare malignant subtype of the common benign mesenchymal neoplasm with fibroblastic differentiation known as solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). These account for less than 2% of all soft masses; and about 20% of SFTs turn aggressive. They feature bland spindle cells creating a classic “pattern-less pattern” in collagenous stroma with prominent staghorn vessels. They can dedifferentiate into a biphasic tumor with low grade areas that are spindle cell rich and high-grade areas with epithelioid cells, mitotic figures and necrosis. Here we present an 84-year-old female who came from an outside institution for a pathology review. The patient’s clinical history was lacking and biopsies from the right lower and middle lobes of the lung, azygous and hilar lymph nodes were investigated. The pathology revealed multiple areas with epithelioid cells that were pleomorphic and had high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio. These areas also contained numerous mitotic figures, necrosis and giant cells; with lymphovascular space invasion. There was a clear demarcation between the epithelioid area and an area rich in spindle cells. The spindled areas revealed a fascicular architecture with intervening sclerotic stoma and prominent rounded and dilated blood vessels. Immunohistochemistry analysis of the epithelioid and spindle cell areas were positive for STAT6. Additional testing for CD34 was diffusely positive in the spindle cell component and only focally positive in the high-grade portion of the tumor. Ki-67stain was utilized to estimate the proliferative index which was up to 80 percent in the high-grade epithelioid component and about 15% in the spindle cell portion. These morphological and histochemical findings were consistent with the diagnosis of a dedifferentiated solitary fibrous tumor.

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Feng, Yu, Yunbei Yu, Kai Meng, et al. "Nasal spindle cell tumor: A case report and literature review." Medicine 103, no. 2 (2024): e36833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000036833.

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Background: Spindle cell tumors are rare and can occur in any organ or tissue. Due to their rarity the clinicopathological features and diagnostic protocols have not been adequately studied. However, it has become necessary to develop differential diagnosis of spindle cell tumors. Here, we report a case of a nasal spindle cell tumor diagnosed at our hospital in attempt to contribute to this gap in literature. Key points from the case: A male in his 30s was admitted to our hospital with nasal obstruction that had persisted for several years. Electronic fibrolaryngoscopy revealed a smooth neoplasm within the nasal cavity. Main lessons to be learned from this case report: The results of this case emphasize that spindle cell tumors have large morphological variations, and it is difficult to determine the origin of tumor cells using hematoxylin and eosin staining alone. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the immunohistochemistry and combine it with clinical symptoms to diagnose the disease.

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Bejarano, Pablo A., Tapan A. Padhya, Roger Smith, Ruthann Blough, James J. Devitt, and Jack L. Gluckman. "Hyalinizing Spindle Cell Tumor With Giant Rosettes—A Soft Tissue Tumor With Mesenchymal and Neuroendocrine Features." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 8 (2000): 1179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1179-hsctwg.

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Abstract Context.—Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes is a recently described biphasic neoplasm of soft tissues that shares mesenchymal and neuroendocrine features. Its morphologic structure is distinctive, with the presence of hyalinized paucicellular foci that are termed rosettes. The cells around the latter display positive immunoreactivity for neuroendocrine markers. The small number of cases described to date indicates that they tend to be localized in the extremities. Objective.—To describe the clinicopathologic features of 2 unusual cases of hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes. Methods and Results.—One tumor was located in the prestyloid parapharyngeal space and the second in the left thigh. Both tumors were well circumscribed and surrounded by a thin capsulelike fibrous band without infiltrating projections. The rosettes were embedded in a spindle cell proliferation. Immunohistochemical stains showed positive results for S100 protein, synaptophysin, CD57, protein gene product 9.5, and neuron-specific enolase exclusively in the cells palisading the rosettes. These markers were negative in the spindle cell portions of the tumor. The latter were immunoreactive for factor XIIIa, vimentin, HAM56, collagen IV, and CD68. Vimentin was the only marker shared by the rosette-forming cells and the spindle cells. Ultrastructurally, the rosette-forming cells contained neurosecretory granules. This study describes the first cytogenetic analysis in this type of tumor revealing 2 cell lines, both containing a balanced translocation between chromosomes 7 and 16. Follow-up of the patients at 16 and 8 months did not disclose evidence of recurrence. Conclusions.—These 2 new cases increase the awareness of hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes and demonstrate that it is a spindle cell neoplasm of unique cytogenetic rearrangements composed of dendritic, histiocytic, and fibroblastic cells admixed with cells that have neuroendocrine differentiation.

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Jebastin, Judith A. S., Kyle D. Perry, Dhananjay A. Chitale, et al. "Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma With Features Mimicking Spindle Cell Lipoma." International Journal of Surgical Pathology 28, no. 3 (2019): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896919884648.

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Atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDL) and spindle cell lipoma are lipomatous tumors with distinct clinical, molecular, and prognostic features. Although histological and immunophenotypic features can overlap between ALT/WDL and spindle cell lipoma, the oncogenesis and clinical behavior are markedly different. In borderline cases, molecular analysis for MDM2 or CDK4 amplification can aid in distinguishing ALT/WDL from spindle cell lipoma. Although dedifferentiated liposarcoma has been reported to harbor both MDM2 amplification and loss of the RB1 region, we are not aware of a reported RB1 loss in well-differentiated ALT/WDL. In this article, we present a 69-year-old woman with a lipomatous tumor in the gluteal region that histologically, immunohistochemically, and molecularly mimicked spindle cell lipoma (with positive immunohistochemical staining for CD34 and loss of the RB1 gene region), yet harbored amplification of MDM2 and CDK4 confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, supporting classification as ALT/WDL. This case strengthens the argument that in atypical clinical contexts, molecular studies for MDM2/CDK4 should be considered in tumors resembling spindle cell lipoma.

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Olsen, Kerry D., Jean E. Lewis, and Vera J. Suman. "Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx and Hypopharynx." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 116, no. 1 (1997): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989770351-6.

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We reviewed the clinical records of 34 patients with laryngeal (25) and hypopharyngeal (9) spindle cell carcinomas who were treated at our institution between 1960 and 1990. All the spindle ceil carcinomas were studied using paraffin section immunostains, and we performed ploidy analysis of the sarcomatoid component in 31 patients. Of the 31 patients who underwent their initial treatment at our institution, 25 were men and 6 were women (median age at presentation, 64.6 years). A T1 glottic tumor, usually seen as an exophytic firm mass, was the most common type of tumor observed (16 cases). The spindle cells were nondiploid in 86% of the carcinomas, with positive keratin imrnunostains in 74%. The median follow-up time was 3.7 years. Recurrence of the tumor after partial or total laryngectomy or pharyngectomy occurred in 10 patients. Eight patients died of their disease. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of surviving at least 3 years after initial treatment was 56.8%. Keratin positivity adversely affected the overall survival rate ( p < 0.02). The survival rate of patients with hypopharyngeal tumors was worse than that of patients with laryngeal lesions ( p < 0.001). The presence of keratin positivity and nondiploid DNA content in the spindle cell population supports the neoplastic epithelial origin of these tumors (sarcomatoid carcinoma). The overall tumor behavior and surgical therapy appeared to be comparable with those of squamous cell carcinomas at a similar stage.

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Creytens, David, Thomas Mentzel, Liesbeth Ferdinande, Joost van Gorp, Jo Van Dorpe, and Uta Flucke. "“Fat-Rich” (Spindle Cell-Poor) Variant of Atypical Spindle Cell/Pleomorphic Lipomatous Tumor: Striking Mimic of “Classical” Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma." International Journal of Surgical Pathology 27, no. 8 (2019): 868–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896919846561.

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We report the case of a “fat-rich” (spindle cell-poor) variant of an atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor in a 63-year-old female patient presenting with a firm, painless soft tissue mass on the right hip. Atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor is a very recently described low-grade adipocytic neoplasm, which occurs predominantly in adults with a predilection for the limbs and limb girdles. In the present case, the diagnosis of an atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor was challenging because the tumor was almost exclusively composed of an atypical adipocytic component (resembling “classical” atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated tumor) with only very focal presence of the diagnostic atypical morphologic features (atypical spindle-shaped cells, floret-like multinucleated cells, and “bizarre” pleomorphic [multinucleated] cells). The possibility of a “classical” atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma was ruled out by immunohistochemistry (lack of MDM2 expression and loss of Rb expression) and molecular genetic testing (no amplification of MDM2 and presence of monoallelic deletion of RB1). Another interesting morphologic observation in this case was the striking perivascular location of the atypical spindle/pleomorphic cells in some areas (so-called “pericytic mimicry”). To our knowledge, pericytic mimicry has not been reported in the setting of an atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor.

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Dutta, UmeshChandra, ML A Rahman, Naznin Rashid, and R. Barua. "Metastatic spindle cell tumor in sacrum." International Journal of Neurooncology 3, no. 1 (2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijno.ijno_5_19.

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Mishra, D. R. Ankur. "Rare case report - Recurrent Spindle Cell tumor of the thigh." Indian Journal of Case Reports 10, no. 12 (2024): 389–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i12.4804.

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This case is to discuss the rarest of a rare recurrent spindle cell tumor of the proximal thigh which is one of the soft tissue neoplasms that can occur in various locations of our body including the trunk and extremities. Soft tissue masses are commonly present in surgical practices and range from benign lipomas to high-grade soft tissue sarcomas. A subset of soft tissue sarcomas includes a spindle cell sarcoma, which is a rare connective tissue tumor that originates in the layers of tissue found below the skin. The aim of this case report is to describe the presentation of spindle cell tumors, the investigations required, and the optimal management of the disease. Surgical resection i.e., wide local excision is the mainstay of treatment for spindle cell sarcomas but treatment can also include a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.

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Mohammed, S., Q. Sadiq, N. Yadak, and F. Khan. "Synchronous Schwannoma and Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in Small Intestine – A Rare Case." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 156, Supplement_1 (2021): S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.141.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective Small bowel Schwannoma is a benign neoplasm of nerve sheath cells. The Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) constitutes only about 1-2% of small bowel spindle cell tumors. The simultaneous presence of two tumors in the small bowel is extremely uncommon. Methods/Case Report We report a case of small bowel GIST co-existing with Schwannoma. A 64-year-old female with a known history of Neurofibromatosis was admitted for excision of a small bowel tumor. MRI of the abdomen revealed two enhancing lesions in the left upper quadrant adjacent to the small bowel. Differential considerations included GIST versus Neurofibroma. Left hemicolectomy with small bowel resection was performed. The proximal small bowel revealed GIST, spindle cell type, low risk (3.5 cm), low grade (&lt;5 mitoses/ 5mm2). Tumor cells were diffusely reactive to CD34, CD117, and DOG1 immunostains and were nonreactive to S100 and SOX10 immunostains confirming the diagnosis of GIST. Another segment of the small bowel revealed a 1.5 cm well-circumscribed, predominantly spindle cell tumor with abundant myxoid stroma and prominent cyst formation. Tumor cells were diffusely reactive to S100 and SOX10 immunostains but nonreactive to CD34, CD117, and DOG1, favoring a diagnosis of Schwannoma. Gastrointestinal Schwannomas may be associated with Neurofibromatosis in some cases. GIST, a KIT- or PGDFRA-signaling driven mesenchymal tumor has also rarely been reported to be associated with Neurofibromatosis type 1. However, synchronous small bowel Schwannoma and GIST represent a rare co-existence of two different histopathologic subtypes of spindle cell tumors. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA Conclusion In summary, we present the rare co-existence of two different spindle cell lesions in Neurofibromatosis patient.

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Kottangal, Gittwa Vatsaraj, Lilly Madhavan, Shalini Kuruvilla, Kavitha Kanjirakadu Parameswaran, and Shehla Basheer Kollathodi. "Spindle cell oncocytoma, a misdiagnosed rare entity of the pituitary – A case report with review of literature and special emphasis on the morphological differentials." Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology 8, no. 4 (2021): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2021.112.

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Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) of the pituitary is a rare tumor of the adenohypophysis occurring in the sellar/suprasellar region. This tumor has been recognized as a distinct entity by the WHO Classification of CNS tumor in 2007. Spindle cell oncocytoma of the pituitary gland accounts for 0.1–0.4% of all sellar region tumors and is predominantly seen in the older adult population. This rare entity simulates clinical and radiological features of pituitary adenoma and is often misdiagnosed. Though WHO grade 1, the tumor can recur and have invasive properties. Herein, we report a 61-year-old woman with panhypopituitarism and temporal field cut, clinically and radiologically diagnosed as pituitary macroadenoma, while the histomorphological and immunohistochemistry features helped in arriving at a diagnosis of Spindle Cell Oncocytoma. The clinicopathological, histomorphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular properties of the tumor are further discussed.

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Gannon, Brian R., Carolyn D. O'Hara, Kenneth Reid, and Phillip A. Isotalo. "Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Anterior Mediastinum: A Rare Extrapleural Neoplasm." Tumori Journal 93, no. 5 (2007): 508–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089160709300519.

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Solitary fibrous tumors are uncommon spindle cell neoplasms originally thought to be restricted to the pleura. We describe a 62-year-old woman who presented with stridor and an anterior mediastinal mass. At thoracotomy, a 10.5 × 6.5 × 5.5 cm, circumscribed, firm mediastinal mass demonstrated no direct cardiac or pulmonary involvement. The tumor consisted of spindle cells organized in a patternless pattern with collagenous stroma and hemangiopericytoma-like vessels. Spindle cells were immunoreactive for CD34, CD99, desmin, vimentin and bcl-2 protein and a diagnosis of mediastinal solitary fibrous tumor was confirmed. The differential diagnosis of mediastinal solitary fibrous tumors is extensive and includes spindle cell thymoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, peripheral nerve sheath tumors and various sarcomas. Despite their rarity in the mediastinum, solitary fibrous tumors can be recognized by their classic patternless morphology and immunophenotypic pattern. Their accurate classification is important, as solitary fibrous tumors are intermediate (rarely metastasizing) neoplasms that require complete surgical excision and long-term clinical follow-up for optimum therapy.

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Chakraborty, Dipanwita, Malashri N. Ghatke, Miriyala Satyashree Vibha, and Shilpa Ravishankar Tayi. "Navigating neurofibroma: A clinical case report." Journal of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 10, no. 2 (2024): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jooo.2024.021.

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Spindle cell neoplasm is an unusual bimorphic malignant tumor that typically affects the upper aero-digestive tract mucosa but can potentially arise elsewhere in the body. A diverse range of benign and malignant tumors, including those with neural, fibroblastic, vascular, myofibroblastic, myogenic, and epithelial origins, are together referred to as soft tissue spindle cell neoplasms. The average age of occurrence is 51 years for men and 67 years for women, with a predominance of men. There is limited information in the literature about the symptoms of spindle cell neoplasms. These tumors typically have a polypoid form, with a high concentration of dysplastic spindle cell components. They are composed of surface epithelial alterations ranging from mild epithelial dysplasia to invasive carcinoma. The article provides insight into a case of neurofibromatous variant of spindle cell neoplasm.

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Miletić, Filip, Bojan Fanfani, Andrej Prus, Zoran Jurjević, and Vladimir Bauer. "Respiratorna insuficijencija uzrokovana spindle-cell lipomom hipofarinksa – prikaz bolesnika i pregled literature." Medica Jadertina 54, no. 4 (2024): 299–304. https://doi.org/10.57140/mj.54.4.7.

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Spindle cell lipom gornjega dijela probavnog i dišnog puta rijedak je dobroćudni tumor koji se može različito klinički predstavljati. U radu je prikazan 44-godišnji bolesnik sa simptomima iznenadne respiratorne insuficijencije i asfiksije koja je regredirala kašljem. Kliničkom i dijagnostičkom obradom utvrđen je spindle-cell lipom lateralne stijenke hipofarinksa. Provedeno je kirurško liječenje u općoj anesteziji transcervikalnim pristupom, lateralnom faringotomijom. Iako je riječ o spororastućem i dobroćudnom tumoru hipofarinksa, veličina i pokretljivost tumora u ovisnosti o disanju, te položaju i aktivnosti bolesnika rezultirali su opstrukcijom dišnog puta, asfiksijom i potencijalnom mogućnošću gušenja.

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Bachurska, Svitlana Y., Petar A. Antonov, Dmitriy G. Staykov, and Ivan Y. Dechev. "Sarcomatoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis – a Report of Two Cases." Folia Medica 59, no. 2 (2017): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/folmed-2017-0002.

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AbstractBackground:Sarcomatoid (spindle cell) squamous cell carcinoma is a rare, highgrade, aggressive tumor consisting of the squamous cell carcinoma admixed with the malignant spindle cell (sarcomatoid) elements. These tumors are relatively uncommon in the genitourinary system and particularly in the penis.Materials and methods:Two sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinomas of the penis were diagnosed in our hospital between 2012 and 2015. Clinical histories, pathology reports, hematoxylin and eosin-stained and immunohistochemical slides were reviewed.Results:In both cases, the tumors presented as single, pedunculated, extensive masses with surface ulceration; histology study showed a mixture of high-grade squamous cell carcinoma component and spindle cell neoplastic component in different proportions. Immunohistochemical stains of CK AE1/AE3, p63 and CK903 showed positive immunoreactivity in both components in both cases. Vimentin was positive in spindle cell component and negative in squamous cell carcinoma areas.Conclusion:Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is an uncommon tumor of this site with aggressive behavior and bad prognosis which might be related to the delay in medical examination and diagnosis. A correct and thorough morphological study is of great importance for the staging of the disease, treatment and follow up of patients.

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Halat, S. K., and K. Bach. "Primary S100 Negative Amelanotic Spindle Vaginal Melanoma." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 158, Supplement_1 (2022): S83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqac126.173.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective Vaginal melanoma is a rare malignancy composed of cells showing melanocytic differentiation and represents less than 3% of malignant vaginal tumors. It occurs in older women, typically in the distal third of the vagina. Outcomes are poor and median survival is less than 2 years. Macroscopically, 90% of these lesions are pigmented, polypoid and ulcerated. Microscopically they demonstrate diffuse, nested, trabecular, and/or fascicular patterns and are comprised of epithelioid cells with or without a spindle cell component. They are typically pigmented and S100 positive. Methods/Case Report Here we present a rare case of purely spindled amelanotic S100 negative vaginal melanoma. The patient is a 75 year old woman who presented with a 6 month history of vaginal discharge, and a one month history of new foul odor and vaginal bleeding, constipation, and unintentional weight loss. A large vaginal mass was palpated on physical exam. Subsequent computed tomography demonstrated a 8.2 x 8.2 x 9.4 cm mass occupying the vaginal vault with abutment of the urinary bladder anteriorly and the rectal and anal walls posteriorly. A biopsy was performed and a 3.8 x 2.2 x 1.2 cm aggregate of pink tan friable tissuse was obtained. Histopathologic examination showed a malignant neoplasm composed purely of spindled cells in a fasicular pattern. Tumor cells showed marked nuclear pleomorphism with inconspicuous nucleoli. Tumor necrosis was present. No pigment was seen. By immunohistochemistry, tumor was positive for SOX10, HMB45, and Melan A, and negative for S100, AE1/3, EMA, myogenin, desmin, smooth muscle actin, synaptophysin, chromogranin, Pax8, and GATA3. BRAF mutation analysis showed no mutations. Patient received radiation therapy with a good clinical reponse. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA. Conclusion Amelanotic S100 negative spindled vaginal melanoma is an unusual presenation of a rare tumor and should be considered in the workup of malignant vaginal tumors with a spindle cell morphology.

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Bohinski, Robert J., Ehud Mendel, Kenneth D. Aldape, and Laurence D. Rhines. "Intramedullary and extramedullary solitary fibrous tumor of the cervical spine." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 100, no. 4 (2004): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi.2004.100.4.0358.

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✓ Solitary fibrous tumor is a spindle cell tumor deriving from mesenchymal cells that arises most commonly in the pleura. Only very recently has this tumor been reported in the spine. A solitary fibrous tumor strongly resembles other spindle cell neoplasms of the spine and may be an unrecognized entity if not routinely considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal neoplasms. The authors report an unusual intra- and extramedullary location for a solitary fibrous tumor of the cervical spine. Findings in this case and a comprehensive review of the literature indicate that solitary fibrous tumors can originate from various spinal anatomical substrates and mimic both intra- and extramedullary tumor types.

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de Oliveira e Silva, Luisa, Ana Carolina Dala Riva, Bruna Mariah Martins Batista Lopes, et al. "Spindle cell neoplasia in ovaries." Endocrinology & Metabolism International Journal 12, no. 3 (2024): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/emij.2024.12.00352.

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This case report describes a rare instance of spindle cell neoplasia in the ovaries of a 40-yearold female patient with a history of chronic pelvic pain. The patient presented with bilateral ovarian masses, identified via magnetic resonance imaging and transvaginal ultrasound, which were highly suggestive of malignancy (O-RADS 5). Histological analysis postvideolaparoscopy confirmed spindle cell neoplasia with moderate atypia and a low mitotic index, favoring a diagnosis of high-grade sarcoma in both ovaries. The patient underwent a type 1 hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and omentectomy, leading to significant postoperative pain relief. Due to the aggressive nature of the tumor, ongoing oncological follow-up was recommended. This report highlights the rarity of spindle cell tumors in the ovaries and underscores the importance of radical surgery combined with adjuvant therapies to manage the potential for recurrence and metastasis

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Pins, Michael R., Steven C. Campbell, William B. Laskin, Karen Steinbronn, and Daniel P. Dalton. "Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Prostate." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125, no. 2 (2001): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2001-125-0274-sftotp.

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Abstract We report 2 cases of solitary fibrous tumor of the prostate. Histologically, both tumors demonstrated a multipatterned architecture with varying degrees of collagenization and hemangiopericytoma-like foci, and both were composed of CD34-immunopositive spindled cells that insinuated themselves between strips of collagen. The tumor in case 1 was well circumscribed and showed minimal mitotic activity or pleomorphism, whereas the tumor in case 2 was more cellular, less collagenous, had a more diffuse growth pattern, and exhibited cytologic atypia and high mitotic activity. Prostatic solitary fibrous tumor must be distinguished from other spindle cell tumors reported to occur in the prostate. To our knowledge, these cases represent only the fifth and sixth reported cases of prostatic solitary fibrous tumor.

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Mograbi, Madison, Michael S. Stump, David T. Luyimbazi, Mohammad H. Shakhatreh, and Douglas J. Grider. "Pancreatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor-Like Follicular Dendritic Cell Tumor." Case Reports in Pathology 2019 (December 5, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2648123.

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Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare and underdiagnosed malignant neoplasm which characteristically presents as a solitary, slow-growing mass with no discrete symptoms. Histologically, lymphocytes and spindle cells featuring large nucleoli in a whorled pattern are usually seen. FDCS is classically found in cervical and axillary lymph nodes, with occasional involvement of extranodal sites. Inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell tumor (IPT-like FDCT) is an uncommon subcategory of this neoplasm, demonstratively linked to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). This neoplasm can present similarly to FDCS, but systemic symptoms may be seen. Although, often found in the spleen and occasionally the liver, IPT-like FDCT has not previously been described within the pancreas. Presented, is an IPT-like FDCT of the pancreas and spleen of a 70 years old woman. Histologic features include variably sized geographic suppurative granulomas with chronic inflammatory cells and an atypical spindle cell proliferation with prominent nucleoli. Positivity for CD45 and CD68 in the larger spindled cells points to an inflammatory pseudotumor subtype and co-expression of CD21, CD23, and CD35 were indicative of follicular dendritic differentiation. The pseudotumor additionally demonstrated EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) positivity typical of IPT-like FDCT. Differentiation between inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is additionally discussed.

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Wensman, H., V. Flama, G. Pejler, and E. Hellmén. "Plasticity of Cloned Canine Mammary Spindle Cell Tumor, Osteosarcoma and Carcinoma Cells." Veterinary Pathology 45, no. 6 (2008): 803–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.45-6-803.

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Female dogs are frequently affected by mammary tumors, both carcinomas and sarcomas. The mechanisms behind mammary-tumor formation and the high degree of heterogeneity are not understood. To provide insight into this issue, it is important to determine the properties of the cells forming the different types of tumors. One question is if individual neoplastic cells can give rise to phenotypically distinct tumor types, i.e., show plasticity. We studied 3 different tumors (a spindle-cell tumor, an osteosarcoma, and a carcinoma) and followed the change of lineage marker expression between the primary canine mammary tumors, the clones derived from the corresponding tumors and in tumors generated after inoculation of tumor clones into nude mice ( n = 75). Inoculation of clones derived from the spindle-cell tumor gave rise to spindle-cell tumors in nude mice. Several of these contained bone tissue, a sign of plasticity. Clones derived from the osteosarcoma were negative for a panel of lineage markers but, when inoculated into nude mice, they were able to form bone, again a sign of plasticity. In contrast to the primary carcinoma, most of the clones derived thereof lacked keratin expression, but keratin expression was recovered in most of the tumors formed after inoculation of clones into nude mice. Moreover, tumors generated from the carcinoma clones, in contrast to the primary tumor, were positive for smooth-muscle-cell markers. Our results point to plasticity in canine mammary tumors, as shown both by morphologic criteria and by expression patterns for lineage specific markers.

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Hoar, Kara, Arijit Chakravarty, Claudia Rabino, et al. "MLN8054, a Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Aurora A, Causes Spindle Pole and Chromosome Congression Defects Leading to Aneuploidy." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 12 (2007): 4513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.02364-06.

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ABSTRACT Aurora A kinase plays an essential role in the proper assembly and function of the mitotic spindle, as its perturbation causes defects in centrosome separation, spindle pole organization, and chromosome congression. Moreover, Aurora A disruption leads to cell death via a mechanism that involves aneuploidy generation. However, the link between the immediate functional consequences of Aurora A inhibition and the development of aneuploidy is not clearly defined. In this study, we delineate the sequence of events that lead to aneuploidy following Aurora A inhibition using MLN8054, a selective Aurora A small-molecule inhibitor. Human tumor cells treated with MLN8054 show a high incidence of abnormal mitotic spindles, often with unseparated centrosomes. Although these spindle defects result in mitotic delays, cells ultimately divide at a frequency near that of untreated cells. We show that many of the spindles in the dividing cells are bipolar, although they lack centrosomes at one or more spindle poles. MLN8054-treated cells frequently show alignment defects during metaphase, lagging chromosomes in anaphase, and chromatin bridges during telophase. Consistent with the chromosome segregation defects, cells treated with MLN8054 develop aneuploidy over time. Taken together, these results suggest that Aurora A inhibition kills tumor cells through the development of deleterious aneuploidy.

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Butool, Syeda Asiya, Ankit Natani, Betina Chandolia, and Manas Bajpai. "Oral Spindle Cell Carcinoma –Diagnosis Based on Immunohistochemical Interpretation." National Journal of Health Sciences 5, no. 3 (2021): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21089/njhs.53.0133.

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Abstract Spindle Cell Carcinoma (SpCC) is a biphasic tumor. They are proven to be monoclonal dedifferentiated forms of conventional squamous carcinomas. It is a rare tumor which is infrequently observed in head, neck and in the aerodigestive tract. The tumor is aggressive and shows high frequency of recurrence and metastasis. It is an aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma which resembles a true sarcoma. It is a proliferation of spindle cells and squamous cells. For confirmation of diagnosis, immunohistochemistry is used. A Rare case of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma in a 61 years old male in the tongue.The patient reported of rapidly growing lesion from six months with pain severe pain, dysphagia and difficulty in swallowing patient had history of chewing tobacco from past 35 years. Keywords: Spindle Cell Variant, Biphasic tumor, Head and Neck, Pseudocarcinoma, Sqamous cell, Dysplastic.

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Avila, Jose Ma C. "Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Schwannoma of The Parotid Gland." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 23, no. 2 (2008): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v23i2.751.

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This 52-year-old male underwent fine needle aspiration biopsy of a 2cm diameter parotid mass that was firm, well-delineated, and vaguely moveable, The mass was not painful and was noted for about a year. The aspiration biopsy smear was quite cellular and showed fragments of spindle-shaped cells with cigar shaped nuclei and scanty to indistinct cytoplasms. Nuclei were vesicular and Verocay-like bodies were identified by cell patterns. The biopsy was read as a benign spindle cell tumor, probably a schwannoma.  Excision of the mass revealed a typical schwannoma by histopathology. Schwannomas of the parotid gland are rare1 and arise from the intraparotid branches of the facial nerve. Clues to the cytologic diagnosis include the cellular but benign spindly cell population clustered into Verocay body patterns and evidence of cyst degeneration in the form of histiocytes and even lymphocytes.2 Main differential diagnoses include the predominant spindle cell myoepitheliomas3 and some of the low grade sarcomas that may arise from the parotid gland. The even rarer schwannomalike mixed tumor of the parotid4 gland must be also considered.

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Nasser, Rani, Kimberly Ashayeri, Alan D. Legatt, and John K. Houten. "Intramedullary spindle cell hemangioma: case report." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 25, no. 3 (2016): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.11.spine15641.

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The authors describe the case of a 48-year-old man found to have the first reported intramedullary spinal cord spindle cell hemangioma. Previous research indicates that spindle cell hemangiomas are rarely found in the spine. Only 3 previous cases exist, all in the intradural, extramedullary space. In the present case, gross-total resection of the tumor was possible with no loss of function from baseline. This report presents the successful resection of the first reported intramedullary spindle cell hemangioma and reports 4-month follow-up, demonstrating the biological behavior of this rare tumor.

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Anju, G., Meenakshi Rao, Garima Yadav, and Pratibha Singh. "Vaginal Cellular Angiofibroma: Report of a Rare Case with Literature Review." Journal of Mid-life Health 15, no. 3 (2024): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jmh.jmh_186_23.

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ABSTRACT Cellular angiofibroma (CA) is a relatively recently described, rare, benign soft tissue tumor that predominantly occurs in the vulvoperineal region. It was first described in 1997 as a mesenchymal-origin tumor composed of connective (fibrous) tissue and blood vessels. We report a case of vaginal CA in a 40-year-old woman who presented with pressure symptoms, incidentally diagnosed with a vaginal mass and clinically suspected as vaginal myoma. This case was diagnosed based on histomorphology and immunohistochemistry and underwent surgical treatment. This tumor was a diagnostic dilemma for other benign and aggressive spindle cell tumors in the same area, such as endometrial stromal nodule, spindle cell lipoma, solitary fibrous tumors, and mixed tumors of the vagina.

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Giantini Larsen, Alexandra M., David J. Cote, Hasan A. Zaidi, et al. "Spindle cell oncocytoma of the pituitary gland." Journal of Neurosurgery 131, no. 2 (2019): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.4.jns18211.

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OBJECTIVEThe authors report the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of 6 cases of spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) in an effort to guide clinical diagnosis and management of these uncommon lesions.METHODSThis study is a retrospective review of cases involving adult patients who underwent resection of pituitary lesions at the authors’ institutions between January 2000 and October 2017. The authors identified patients with histopathological confirmation of SCO and collected clinical data, including preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative management, complications, and outcomes.RESULTSSix patients with SCO were identified. Clinical findings at initial presentation included visual disturbances, dizziness, and headache. All patients underwent resection. Four resections were initially performed by the transsphenoidal approach, and 2 resections were performed by craniotomy at an outside institution with subsequent transsphenoidal reoperations. Neither necrosis nor increased mitotic activity was seen in the tumor samples. All samples stained positive for S100 protein and thyroid transcription factor 1 and negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein and pituitary hormones. Five of the samples stained positive for epithelial membrane antigen. The average MIB-1 index was 8.3% (range 2–17). Postoperatively, 3 of the 6 patients received further treatment for progression of residual tumor or for recurrence, 2 have stable residual tumor, and 1 has had no recurrence after gross-total resection. Two patients developed postoperative complications of transient sixth cranial nerve palsy and diplopia. There were no other complications.CONCLUSIONSSCO poses both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. These tumors are often initially misdiagnosed as nonfunctional pituitary adenomas because of their sellar location and nonspecific symptomatology. Postoperatively, SCO must also be distinguished from other neoplasms of the posterior pituitary gland through histopathological examination. Resection of SCO can be challenging, given its highly vascular and adherent nature. Long-term follow-up is critical, as the tumor is associated with higher recurrence and progression rates compared to other benign neoplasms of the sella.

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Ramaswamy, Anikode S., and K. Ramakantha Chatura. "Hyalinizing Spindle Cell Tumor with Giant Rosettes." Annals of Saudi Medicine 31, no. 1 (2011): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2011.83.

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Gowtham, Thakut, Sheetal Ashok Murchite, Vaishali Vinayak Gaikwad, Abhay D. Chougale, Rakesh Kumar Ranjan, and Vishwas Thimmegowda. "Spindle cell tumor presenting as RIF mass." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 8 (2019): 2955. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20193339.

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Spindle cell sarcoma is a rare tumor that arises most commonly from the peripheral and deep soft tissues. It usually occurs in the extremities but rarely present as a large abdominal mass, and in this case it was a recurrent tumor involving whole of rectus muscle on right side. We report the case of a 42 year old male who presented with abdominal swelling and distention. CT scan showed a mass occupying the whole of the abdomen and pelvis. Exploration of abdomen revealed a hard mass about 13×10×11 cm in size. Complete excision was done, the huge defect was closed by transposition of left side rectus abdominus muscle with prolene mesh, which was a challenging task in this case. On histopathology and immunochemistry a high grade spindle cell carcinoma was confirmed.

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Tchack, Madeline S., Michael Broscius, and Martin Reichel. "Primary Cutaneous Atypical Spindle Cell Lipomatous Tumor." Case Reports in Pathology 2021 (November 8, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4082289.

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This report documents an exophytic, pedunculated nodule in a 74-year-old man that upon histopathological examination revealed an atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor (ASPLT) confined to the papillary and reticular dermis, representing the fourth documented case within the skin. Despite the overt pleomorphic changes present histologically, the patient is free of metastasis or recurrence five years after surgery.

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Lane, Kathryn L., Randall J. Shannon, and Sharon W. Weiss. "Hyalinizing Spindle Cell Tumor With Giant Rosettes." American Journal of Surgical Pathology 21, no. 12 (1997): 1481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-199712000-00011.

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Nielsen, Gunnlaugur P., Martin K. Selig, John X. O'Connell, Suzanne B. Keel, G. Richard Dickersin, and Andrew E. Rosenberg. "Hyalinizing Spindle Cell Tumor With Giant Rosettes." American Journal of Surgical Pathology 23, no. 10 (1999): 1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-199910000-00007.

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Hill, D. Ashley, Paul E. Swanson, Keith Anderson, et al. "Desmoplastic Nested Spindle Cell Tumor of Liver." American Journal of Surgical Pathology 29, no. 1 (2005): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-200501000-00001.

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Ramaswamy, Anikode S., and K. Ramakantha Chatura. "Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes." Annals of Saudi Medicine 31, no. 1 (2011): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0256-4947.70575.

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Paulson, Eric P., Jose M. Manaligod, Benjamin B. Cable, and Kemp H. Kernstine. "Tracheal Spindle Cell Tumor in a Child." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 112, no. 12 (2003): 1069–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940311201214.

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Fukuda, Takeaki, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Yosf Shinzo Tachikawa, Fumiaki Oguma, Shi Sakashita, and Isao Sakashita. "Malignant Spindle Cell Tumor of the Pericardium." Pathology International 39, no. 11 (1989): 750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb02425.x.

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Haberal, A. Nihan, Hakan Aydin, Ergin Turan, and Beyhan Demirhan. "Unusual Spindle Cell Tumor of Thyroid (SETTLE)." Thyroid 18, no. 1 (2008): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/thy.2007.0021.

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Bahadursingh, Anil M., Parsia A. Vagefi, Antonio Howell, Charlene Prather, and Walter E. Longo. "Spindle Cell Tumor of the Distal Rectum." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 50, no. 1 (2005): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-005-1274-0.

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Alonso-Diez, Ángela, Antonio Ramos, Paola Roccabianca, et al. "Canine Spindle Cell Mammary Tumor: A Retrospective Study of 67 Cases." Veterinary Pathology 56, no. 4 (2019): 526–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985819829522.

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Canine spindle cell mammary tumor (CSCMT) is an infrequent canine mammary tumor (CMT) composed of spindle or fusiform cells, which represents a challenge for pathologists and clinicians. Mammary tumors submitted for histopathology from 1998 to 2013 and compatible with CSCMTs were retrospectively selected. The tumors were diagnosed based on the hematoxylin and eosin (HE)–stained section; malignant tumors were graded using a canine soft tissue sarcoma grading scheme and a canine mammary tumor grading scheme, and they were further assigned a diagnosis based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) for pancytokeratin, cytokeratin 14, p63, calponin, vimentin, Ki-67, CD31, desmin, myosin, smooth muscle actin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and S-100. The origin of the tumors was assessed as mammary, skin, or unknown. The prevalence of CSCMT was 1% of all CMTs. CSCMTs included 3 benign tumors (1 angioma and 2 benign myoepitheliomas) and 67 malignant tumors that after IHC were diagnosed as malignant myoepithelioma (64%), carcinoma and malignant myoepithelioma (19%), hemangiosarcoma (8%), undifferentiated sarcoma (5%), peripheral nerve sheath tumor (3%), and fibrosarcoma (2%). The diagnosis based on the HE-stained section differed from the diagnosis after IHC in 75% of the malignant cases. The majority of malignant CSCMTs were solitary (57%) large tumors (6.42 ± 3.92 cm) with low metastatic potential and high survival rate (8% tumor-related mortality). Higher sarcoma grade was associated with older age ( P = .034) and greater tumor size ( P = .037). Malignant CSCMTs need to be evaluated by IHC to ensure the histotype and the relatively benign clinical behavior, despite their large size.

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Warraich, Irfan, Dale M. Dunn, and Jeffrey W. Oliver. "Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Orbit With Epithelioid Features." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 130, no. 7 (2006): 1039–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2006-130-1039-sftoto.

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Abstract Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumors have often been confused with other mesenchymal tumors, such as hemangiopericytoma, fibrous histiocytoma, fibrous meningioma, and leiomyoma, because of morphologic similarity and underrecognition, especially if some unusual features are present. Recently, epithelioid solitary fibrous tumor has been reported in the mediastinum. We report a case of solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit with biphasic architecture, including spindle cell and epithelioid components. Both components demonstrated immunohistochemical features of a solitary fibrous tumor. A background of scattered vessels was present. No evidence of significant nuclear atypia or mitotic activity was noted. In this report, we discuss the differential diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor with unusual epithelioid features. Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors of the orbit with a spindle cell appearance even in the presence of some epithelioid morphology.

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Wajstaub, Sandra, Pratima Deb, and Katherine A. Chorneyko. "Undifferentiated Sarcoma of the Parotid Gland With Osseous Metaplasia." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 126, no. 7 (2002): 849–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2002-126-0849-usotpg.

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Abstract Malignant spindle cell tumors of the parotid gland are a diagnostic challenge. We present an unusual case of such a tumor that occurred in the right parotid gland of a 53-year-old man. The clinical and histologic assessments were consistent with a primary sarcoma of the parotid gland. The tumor was composed of sheets of pleomorphic, spindle-shaped cells with an area of bone formation. By immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin and negative for epithelial markers. Electron microscopy revealed mesenchymal cells containing moderate amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The major differential diagnostic considerations were spindle cell carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and primary undifferentiated sarcoma with osseous metaplasia. The lack of epithelial features and the benign appearance of the bone formation led to a diagnosis of undifferentiated sarcoma of the parotid gland.

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Gray, Yulia, Henry J. Robidoux, David S. Farrell, and Leslie Robinson-Bostom. "Squamous Cell Carcinoma Detected by High-Molecular-Weight Cytokeratin Immunostaining Mimicking Atypical Fibroxanthoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125, no. 6 (2001): 799–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2001-125-0799-sccdbh.

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Abstract Atypical fibroxanthoma can mimic other tumors, particularly spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma and spindle cell or desmoplastic melanoma. We describe a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma on the face, which recurred and metastasized to a cervical lymph node. This tumor was at first diagnosed as atypical fibroxanthoma because of its histologic and immunostaining similarity. It showed weak or negative keratin cocktail staining and strong vimentin staining. However, a recurrent tumor was immunostained for high-molecular-weight keratin and showed strong positivity. Aggressive behavior of this squamous cell carcinoma may be due to altered immune response secondary to chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

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