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Academic literature on the topic 'Spinosa (blackthorn)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Spinosa (blackthorn)"
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Ferry, B. W., and E. Lodge. "Distribution and Succession of Lichens Associated with Prunus Spinosa at Dungeness, England." Lichenologist 28, no. 2 (1996): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1996.0012.
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AbstractThe distribution and succession of epiphytic and other associated lichens on blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) growing on the shingle at Dungeness is described. Some 33 epiphytic species, which exhibited a range of ecological strategies from pioneer to late colonizers, were recorded. Both the rate of change of status (age) of blackthorns and the progress of lichen colonization seemed to depend on whether the bushes were growing directly on shingle or on adjacent alluvial soil; both processes seeming to be more rapid on the former substratum. Terricolous lichens, of which 18 were recorded, generally appeared late in the succession and mostly amongst bushes growing on shingle. Rabbits often invaded the blackthorns, especially those on alluvium, and probably contributed to the lack of terrestrial lichens under these bushes. Blackthorns growing on shingle tended to be more prostrate in form than those on alluvium.
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Negrean, Oana-Raluca, Anca Corina Farcas, Oana Lelia Pop, and Sonia Ancuta Socaci. "Blackthorn—A Valuable Source of Phenolic Antioxidants with Potential Health Benefits." Molecules 28, no. 8 (2023): 3456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083456.
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Prunus spinosa L. fruit, commonly known as blackthorn, is a rich source of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, vitamins, minerals, and organic acids, which exhibit significant antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Notably, flavonoids such as catechin, epicatechin, and rutin have been reported to have protective effects against diabetes, while other flavonoids, including myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol, exhibit antihypertensive activity. Solvent extraction methods are widely used for the extraction of phenolic compounds from plant sources, owing to their simplicity, efficacy, and broad applicability. Furthermore, modern extraction techniques, such as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), have been employed to extract polyphenols from Prunus spinosa L. fruits. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the biologically active compounds found in blackthorn fruits, emphasizing their direct physiological effects on the human body. Additionally, the manuscript highlights the potential applications of blackthorn fruits in various industries, including the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and functional product sectors.
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Marčetić, Mirjana, Stevan Samardžić, Tijana Ilić, Dragana D. Božić, and Bojana Vidović. "Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant, Anti-Enzymatic, Antimicrobial and Prebiotic Properties of Prunus spinosa L. Fruits." Foods 11, no. 20 (2022): 3289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11203289.
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Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) fruit is bluish-black wild fruit traditionally used in nutrition and medicine. It is recently gaining attention as a functional food and an underutilized source of bioactive compounds for application in the food and pharmaceutical industry. This study aimed to assess the health-promoting potential of blackthorn fruits from Serbia by examining their chemical composition and in vitro biological activities. Phytochemical analysis of the blackthorn fruit extracts was performed using LC-DAD-ESI-MS. The total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), total anthocyanin (TAC) content, antioxidant capacity, and enzyme inhibitory activities were determined spectrophotometrically. The antimicrobial and prebiotic properties were tested using the broth microdilution method. Twenty-seven phenolics belonging to the classes of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives, flavonoids, and anthocyanins were identified, with caffeoylquinic acid as the most abundant compound. Blackthorn extracts were characterized by notable TPCs, TFCs, and TACs, and free radical scavenging and reducing ability. The enzyme inhibitory effects (IC50 = 0.43–2.16 mg/mL) were observed towards α‑amylase, α‑glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase. Blackthorn fruit extracts in a concentration‑dependent manner (0.3–5 mg/mL) stimulated the growth of several probiotic microorganisms and their mixtures, especially the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. Obtained results support further evaluation of the functional food potential of blackthorn fruit.
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NEGREAN, Oana, Anca FĂRCAȘ, Sonia SOCACI, et al. "Extraction and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Prunus Spinosa L. Fruits with Potential in the De-velopment of Edible Films." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Food Science and Technology 80, no. 2 (2023): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2023.0032.
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Prunus spinosa L., commonly known as blackthorn, is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, vitamins, minerals, and organic acids, displaying strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This investigation aims to assess bioactive compounds in fresh and lyophilized blackthorn fruits and analyze ethanolic extracts for phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial effects. The primary objective was to develop a chitosan-based film with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, targeting the enhancement of food packaging solutions, along with inhibition of S. aureus bacteria. Results showed that ethanolic extracts of blackthorn possess significant antimicrobial efficacy, demonstrating notable effectiveness against S. aureus. Notably, the film incorporating an 80% ethanolic extract demonstrated greater effectiveness against S. aureus-inoculated cheese. This outcome underscores the inhibitory potential of blackthorn extracts on S. aureus growth within a food matrix.
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Moskalets, Valentyn, Bohdan Hulko, Svitlana Matkovska, Oleg Knyazyuk, and Stepan Polyvanyi. "Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.): ecological features of promising forms and the value of the nutrient composition of their fruits for the production of functional products." Studia Biologica 18, no. 4 (2024): 175–90. https://doi.org/10.30970/sbi.1804.793.
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Background.The relevance of the research is determined by a constant striving to increase the possibilities of using rare fruit and berry crops, e.g. blackthorn, in plant breeding and the production of healthy food products. It can be achieved by scientifically based selection and evaluation of fruit taking into account their physiological, phytopathological and biochemical parameters. The purpose of the research is to expand the morphological diversity of blackthorn that combines high productivity and quality for further breeding. Materials and Methods. Morphological characteristics and biological properties of the new forms of blackthorn as well as their biochemical parameters constitute the material for this research. A plethora of methods was applied: field, phenological, biometric, physiological and statistical ones. Results. The study presents original data on the morphology and economic characteristics of various blackthorn forms (Prunus spinosa L.) obtained as a result of selection in semiarid lands of the northern, central and western parts of Ukraine. The paper highlights morphological and biological properties of the selected forms of blackthorn, biochemical parameters of fruits, including the content of polyphenolic substances as a source of antioxidants. The study revealed that the selected forms of blackthorn have high drought resistance and winter hardiness, in addition to resistance to low temperatures during the flowering phase. Phenological observations of plants of different forms of Prunus spinosa L. allowed establishing the time of onset of the ontogenesis phases: the development of vegetative and generative buds, budding and flowering, appearance of leaves, intensity of shoot growth, formation and development of ovaries, and fruit ripening, which is a significant scientific achievement for the prospective selection in the fruit gardening system. The forms of blackthorn were differentiated by plant height, growth strength, thorniness, fruit size and weight and their potential use in the processing and manufacturing of functional foods. Biochemical analysis of the fruits, particularly the determination of polyphenols, allowed ascertaining their suitability for processing and manufacturing of healthy food products. Conclusions. The obtained data on selected new forms of blackthorn is a potential source of material for prospective breeding. Moreover, technologies for the production of blended juices and syrups from the fruits of the best samples of blackthorn were developed regarding their biochemical properties and technological indicators.
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Murati, Teuta, Marina Miletić, Josipa Kolarić, et al. "Toxic activity of Prunus spinosa L. flower extract in hepatocarcinoma cells." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 70, no. 4 (2019): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2019-70-3322.
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AbstractPrunus spinosa L. (blackthorn) is used in traditional medicine as a remedy for various diseases. To establish its anticancer properties, we exposed human liver cancer cells (Hep G2) to a range of blackthorn flower extract concentrations (10-200 µg/mL) and determined cytotoxic activity with the neutral red and kenacid blue methods after 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation. Statistically significant inhibitory effects on Hep G2 cellular proliferation were observed at concentrations above 50 µg/mL (p<0.001–0.05). Cell viability was lower when determined with neutral red than kenacid blue method. In addition, we evaluated antioxidant/prooxidant effects of the blackthorn flower extract by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the results confirmed its prooxidant behaviour within the applied concentration range. Flow cytometry determined primarily necrotic and apoptotic cell death, which provides additional evidence of its cytotoxic effect on liver carcinoma.
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Bükücü, Şakir Burak, Zahide Süslüoğlu, Akide Özcan, Nefise Ebru Yaşa Kafkas, and Mehmet Sütyemez. "Determination of chemical composition of some blackthorn genotypes (Prunus spinosa L.)." Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 61, no. 4 (2024): 401–12. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1425197.
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Objective: This study aimed to analyze the chemical and functional properties of fruits from five selected Prunus spinosa L. genotypes grown in Seydişehir district of Konya province, and determine the differences among the genotypes. Material and Methods: In the research, fruit properties such as fruit weight, pericarp color, flesh color were determined, while total soluble solids (TSS), pH, titratable acid (TA), total phenol content, antioxidant level and volatile organic compounds were analyzed. PCA analysis was employed to distinguish variations among the genotypes. Results: Five different blackthorn genotypes were examined for fruit properties, revealing variations. Fruit weight ranged from 1.31 g to 2.67 g. TSS content was determined to be between 11.9% and 13.2%. pH values varied from 3.35 to 4.22, while TA ranged from 0.83% to 1.30%. Total phenol content ranged from 356.92 mg GAE/100 g to 387.56 mg GAE/100 g. Total antioxidant levels were determined to be between 65.13% and 77.06%. Thirty different compounds were detected in the analysis of volatile organic compounds, including seven different acids. Conclusion: Significant diversity among the blackthorn genotypes has been identified. Statistical analyses have shown that B01T genotype has the highest total phenol content, while B05T genotype has the highest antioxidant level. The presence of various volatile organic compounds in blackthorn indicates the diversity of its chemical profile. The findings support the notion that blackthorn has a beneficial potential for health and is a valuable candidate for the development of health-focused food products.
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Tynkevich, Y. O., L. V. Kozub, and R. A. Volkov. "Organization and polymorphysm of 5S rDNA intergenic spacer of blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.)." Visnik ukrains'kogo tovaristva genetikiv i selekcioneriv 19, no. 1-2 (2021): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/visnyk.utgis.19.1-2.1439.
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Aim. The 5S rDNA repeated units consist of conserved regions encoding 5S rRNA and variable intergenic spacers (IGS). The IGS sequences are commonly used as molecular markers for low-ranking phylogenetic, phylogeographical and microevolutionary studies. However, this genomic region still remains undescribed for the waist majority of genera in the Rosaceae family. Here we present the first report of the IGS molecular organization and polymorphism for the widespread member of the Rosaceae family, Prunus spinosa. Methods. PCR amplification, cloning and sequencing of 5S rDNA, bioinformatics analysis. Results. The 5SrDNA IGS of P. spinosa was cloned sequenced and compared with the IGS of three other representatives of the genus Prunus. It was found that the IGS variants present in the genome of P. spinosa differ by the number of subrepeats located at the 5’end. Each of these subrepeats contain RNA Pol III transcription termination signal. The IGS sequences of Prunus species evolved mainly by accumulation of nucleotide substitutions. The level of intragenomic similarity of P. spinosa IGS is 96.5-100%, while the similarity between the IGS of different Prunus species ranges from 73.0 to 87.3%. Conclusions. The IGS of 5S rDNA represents a useful marker for phylogenetic and taxonomic studies in the genus Prunus.Keywords: 5S rDNA, molecular evolution, Prunus spinosa.
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Velickovic, Jasmina, Danijela Kostic, Gordana Stojanovic, et al. "Phenolic composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the extracts from Prunus spinosa L. fruit." Chemical Industry 68, no. 3 (2014): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind130312054v.
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Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) is commonly used in food industry and phytotherapy. The contents of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and antioxidative activity in extracts of blackthorn fruit were determined using spectrophotometric methods. The content of total phenol compounds varies from 15.33 to 20.94 mg GAE g-1 of fresh fruit. The content of total flavonoids is very low, and ranges from 0.419 to 1.31 mg QE g-1 of fresh fruits. Anthocyanins content lies between 0.112 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside/g of fresh sample in ethanol extract and 0.265 mg of cyanidin 3-glucoside g-1 of fresh blackthorn fruit in methanol-water 50/50 (v/v) extract. The differences in total phenol compounds content depend on used extraction medium as a consequence of different polarity of used organic solvents and their mixtures, which selectively extract individual compounds. All explored extracts exhibited strong scavenging activity against DPPH radicals, which ranges from 32.05 to 89.10%. Phenolic acids (neochlorogenic and caffeic acids), flavonoids (quercetin and myricetin) and anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside) were identified in investigated ethanol extracts by HPLC analysis. Ethanol extract shows significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 and Salmonella abony NCTC 6017 and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Blackthorn fruit extract exhibits a high phenolic content and a high antioxidant activity, and can be used as an antioxidant in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Čukanović, Jelena, Djurdja Petrov, Sara Đorđević, et al. "Prunus Spinosa L. In Peri-Urban Environments Under Climate Change Conditions: Vulnerability and Adaptability." Contemporary Agriculture 73, no. 3-4 (2024): 165–71. https://doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2024-0020.
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Summary This study aims to analyze the impact of climatic variables on the fruiting of blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.), a species which serves as both a food source and a habitat, offering birds shelter and providing other species with refuge from predators. Accordingly, blackthorn fruiting was recorded through field research in the peri-urban green infrastructure of Belgrade over 18 consecutive years. Urban edges are often the sites of expanding artificial surfaces, habitat fragmentation, and complex land-use transitions, including agricultural intensification and abandonment, which collectively increase pressures on residual semi-natural ecosystems. The integration of floristic sampling, phenological observations, landscape measures, and climatic variables allowed for an exploration of landscapes where blackthorn is successfully incorporated into semi-natural ecosystem remnants within a peri-urban context. The results obtained indicate that the phenological patterns of blackthorn, in response to climate change, demonstrate both adaptability and vulnerability to extreme climatic events during the flowering phase. In 2024, flowering began 6 days earlier than the earliest recorded start date and 43 days earlier than the latest start recorded over the previous 17 years. Regarding the fruiting (phonological) pattern, the average fruit maturation period was 288 days, while in 2024 it occurred 61 days earlier. The statistical significance of earlier fruit maturation and reduced accumulated heat requirements for fruit ripening was confirmed, revealing that as temperatures rise, key phenological events occur earlier with reduced heat accumulation, indicating a dependency on climatic parameters. Understanding the mechanism of phenological patterns is crucial for promoting effective environmental management practices and biodiversity conservation. The study also contributes to the potential application of its findings in designing green spaces in other peri-urban regions, supporting the sustainable development of complex peripheral landscapes by integrating blackthorn into green infrastructure planning.
Book chapters on the topic "Spinosa (blackthorn)"
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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Prunus spinosa (Blackthorn)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids. Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_757.
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de Vries, H. H., S. H. Ens, G. de Graaf, et al. "Synchronisation of egg hatching of brown hairstreak (Thecla betulae) and budburst of blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) in a warmer future." In Lepidoptera Conservation in a Changing World. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1442-7_12.
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Pretty, Jules. "March." In The East Country. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501709333.003.0003.
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This chapter details the beginning of spring in the east country, when the days grew longer, rain fell, and the buds became a little greener. Inland, spring-messenger celandine and lemony primrose had appeared in hedge banks. However, forecasters said it will have been the coldest March, just three degrees, quite unlike last year's heat. Nevertheless, hedgerows up and down the valley revealed the erratic arrival of warmth and light. In a good year, Prunus dominates March landscapes. Many call them blackthorn, Prunus spinosa, but mostly this is mistaken. Blackthorn forms spiny thickets, one or two flowers together. The chapter also narrates a day of celebration for the valley's finest author, Ronald Blythe, who writes and gardens every day.