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Grafen, Hansjörg. "Forschungen zur älteren Speyerer Totenbuchüberlieferung : mit einer Textwiedergabe der Necrologanlage von 1273 /." Mainz : Gesellschaft für Mittelrheinische Kirchengeschichte, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37689046h.
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Kulling, Edwin Rene. "Human nature in William Golding's The spire." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Spencer, Locke Dean, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Spectral characterization of the Herschel SPIRE photometer." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2005, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/291.
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The European Space Agency's Herschel Space Observatory is comprised of three cryogenically cooled instruments commissioned to explore the far infrared/submillimetre universe. The Spectral and Photometric Imaging REceiver (SPIRE) is one of Herschel's instruments and consists of a three band imaging photometer and a two band imaging spectrometer. Canada is involved in the SPIRE project through provision of instrument development hardware and software, mission flight software, and support personnel. This thesis discusses Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) and FTS data processing. A detailed discussion is included on FTS phase correction, with results presented from the optimization of an enhanced Forman phase correction routine developed for this work. This thesis discusses the design, verification, and use of the hardware and software provided by Dr. Naylor's group as it relates to SPIRE verification testing. Results of the photometer characterization are presented. The current status of SPIRE and its future schedule is also discussed.<br>xvii, 239 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm.
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Viggh, Herbert E. M. "Surface Prior Information Reflectance Estimation (SPIRE) algorithms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17564.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 393-396).<br>In this thesis we address the problem of estimating changes in surface reflectance in hyperspectral image cubes, under unknown multiplicative and additive illumination noise. Rather than using the Empirical Line Method (ELM) or physics-based approaches, we assumed the presence of a prior reflectance image cube and ensembles of typical multiplicative and additive illumination noise vectors, and developed algorithms which estimate reflectance using this prior information. These algorithms were developed under the additional assumptions that the illumination effects were band limited to lower spatial frequencies and that the differences in the surface reflectance from the prior were small in area relative to the scene, and have defined edges. These new algorithms were named Surface Prior Information Reflectance Estimation (SPIRE) algorithms. Spatial SPIRE algorithms that employ spatial processing were developed for six cases defined by the presence or absence of the additive noise, and by whether or not the noise signals are spatially uniform or varying. These algorithms use high-pass spatial filtering to remove the noise effects. Spectral SPIRE algorithms that employ spectral processing were developed and use zero-padded Principal Components (PC) filtering to remove the illumination noise. Combined SPIRE algorithms that use both spatial and spectral processing were also developed. A Selective SPIRE technique that chooses between Combined and Spectral SPIRE reflectance estimates was developed; it maximizes estimation performance on both modified and unmodified pixels. The different SPIRE algorithms were tested on HYDICE airborne sensor hyperspectral data, and their reflectance estimates were compared to those from the physics-based ATmospheric REMoval (ATREM) and the Empirical Line Method atmospheric compensation algorithms. SPIRE algorithm performance was found to be nearly identical to the ELM ground-truth based results. SPIRE algorithms performed better than ATREM overall, and significantly better under high clouds and haze. Minimum-distance classification experiments demonstrated SPIRE's superior performance over both ATREM and ELM in cross-image supervised classification applications. The taxonomy of SPIRE algorithms was presented and suggestions were made concerning which SPIRE algorithm is recommended for various applications.<br>by Herbert Erik Mattias Viggh.<br>Ph.D.
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Asboth, Viktoria. "Studying dusty star-forming galaxies with Herschel-SPIRE." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55041.
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Observations suggest that almost half of the total light emitted by stars in the Universe is absorbed by dust, and the emission is re-radiated at far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths. Dusty star-forming galaxies play a significant role in the stellar mass build-up at high redshift, but their contribution to the cosmic star formation rate density at z > 4 is still unknown, due to the currently limited availability of statistically significant high-redshift dusty galaxy samples. In this thesis we analyze data from two large area surveys, the HerMES Large Mode Survey (HeLMS) and the Herschel Stripe 82 Survey (HerS), observed with the Herschel-SPIRE instrument at far-infrared wavelengths of 250, 350 and 500 μm. We describe the process of constructing maps from detector data that provide an unbiased estimate of the sky signal, then we use a map-based detection method to assemble a large catalog of candidate z > 4 dusty star-forming galaxies detected in HeLMS. The large area of the survey allows us to detect a significant number of sources and we are able to determine the differential number counts of these galaxies at 500 μm. We find an excess of such high-redshift galaxies compared to model predictions, and our counts suggest strong evolution in their properties.
We examine the properties of our sources at different wavelengths. Follow-up observations with ALMA, SCUBA-2 and ACT strengthen our initial assumption that the detected population consists of high-z dusty galaxies with their spectrum dominated by thermal dust emission, best fitted with an optically thick modified blackbody. These follow-up observations also allow us to examine the biasing effects in our number counts due to blending of nearby sources. We also investigate the mean dusty star formation activity in moderate redshift massive galaxy clusters detected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope. We find that, on average, there is an excess of far-infrared emission in the line of sight of these clusters. Finding dusty star-forming galaxies in massive clusters implies that the environment can affect the star formation activity in galaxies.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Physics and Astronomy, Department of<br>Graduate
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Buckee, Fiona G. "Reconstructing a Latina temple spire : Temple 45, Sanchi." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54362/.
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The initial aim of this thesis is to reconstruct, through drawings, the original design of the spire from Temple 45, a ruined Latina temple from the Buddhist, World Heritage Site of Sanchi in Madhya Pradesh. The hundreds of un-analysed architectural fragments from the temple that survive on site are the primary data for this project: a veritable three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle of pieces waiting to be studied and reassembled. In order to turn the mass of architectural data collected at Sanchi into a virtual reconstruction of the spire from Temple 45, an authentic and detailed method of Latina spire design must be used. Finding such a method, one ratified by the Vastusasastras, by the shape of surviving Latina superstructures, and by the proportions of Temple 45 and its spire courses, forms the second, broader research question of the thesis. Although Latina temples are a seminal feature of North Indian temple architecture, scholars' explanations of how they were designed are inconsistent, incomplete and often unconvincing. In pursuit of this design method, therefore, the thesis explores the origination and development of the Latina temple form across Central India. It interrogates contemporary scholars' theories of Latina spire design and investigates the role that the Vastusasdstras may have played in the practises of early temple architects. Vastusasastric descriptions of Latina spire design are turned into drawings of spire elevations in order to assess their credibility, and in doing so a particular method of spire design is ratified and additional design details are suggested in order to provide a working explanation. Using this method, four sets of spire proportions given in a West Indian text called the DiparUava are validated. These are shown to create convincing Latina elevations with proportions that are borne out by surviving Central Indian Latina temples, by an engraving of a half Latina spire carved into the hallway of the Harihara 2 Temple in Osian, and by the proportions of Temple 45 its fragmented remains. Drawing from these findings, and returning to the initial aim of the thesis, the thesis proposes a detailed and convincing elevation of the spire from Temple 45.
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Chiou, Stefanie Chiawhei 1980. "SPIRE : systems for plan recovery in intelligent environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/27095.
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Thesis (M. Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-30).<br>As intelligent spaces have become more prevalent, the need for diagnosis and recovery from failures in these spaces has also grown. In an effort to make these types of spaces more useable for people who neither care about nor want to understand the underlying technology, encapsulation of high-level ideas into plans is being explored. Unfortunately, these plans are not always executed flawlessly. To deal with these failures, we have developed a system for plan recovery in intelligent spaces called a desktop multi-player virtual simulation game. In Charles River City, students work in teams to SPRIE. SPRIE is an automated system that uses a two-stage process for recovery from plan execution failures. In the first stage, the failure is diagnosed using Bayesian networks. In the second stage, a alternate plan is selected to recover from the failure. By automating the recovery process, the burden of understand the underlying architecture of the intelligent space is removed from the user.<br>by Stefanie Chiawhei Chiou.<br>M.Eng.and S.B.
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Rykala, Adam. "Star formation studies using the Herschel-SPIRE Imaging FTS." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/19702/.
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The study of low mass star formation in our local Galaxy is particularly suited to HERSCHEL. The SPIRE spectrometer and photometer aboard the spacecraft operate in the ~ 200 - 600�m range and are well suited to probe the cold, dusty environments in molecular clouds where prestellar cores reside. The SPIRE FTS spectrometer is an interferometer, and this instrument design has strengths and weaknesses which are im- portant to understand when using data from the instrument. Herschel is set to continue groundbreaking work in the infrared, building upon earlier work from ISO, IRAS, and SPITZER, probing deep into star forming regions and improving our knowledge of the processes within. In this PhD thesis, we outline the current body of knowledge in low mass star formation. We examine the properties of the SPIRE FTS as a spectrometerusing a small, laboratory designed desktop FTS. We study the intrinsic properties of the instrument, as a way of understanding issues we are likely to see when using the SPIRE FTS in ight. With these issues firmly in mind, we examine the creation and use of SLIDE - an interactive IDL-based tool for processing SPIRE FTS data. SLIDE can extract line and continuum information from SPIRE FTS SEDs. We outline the creation, testing and use of SLIDE and provide examples of the use of SLIDE in astronomy with some examples from the literature. We then use the line information we extract from a variety of sources with the spectrometer, to examine how SED fitting from photometer data could be affected by line contamination. We simulate a wide range of greybodies with noise and line con- tamination and examine how SED fitting is affected. Our simulations conclude that line contamination is not enough to affect the recovery of temperature and spectral index B significantly. Finally we use the information we have deduced to examine SPIRE FTS SEDs of L1689B - a prestellar core located in Ophiuchus. Our SED fitting of the core confirms that this core is starless with no internal heating source, and the spectral index profile over the core morphology is consistent with an increasing density of fractal aggregrate grains towards the centre. The increase in grain density and spectral index profile is also in agreement with previous CO depletion data. Fractal grain growth of this nature is consistent with dust grain models.
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Dahlgaard, Katja. "The role of Cappuccino and Spire in Drosophila axis specification." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611859.
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Sibthorpe, Bruce. "Characterisation and optimisation of the Herschel-SPIRE imaging through simulations." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54580/.
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The Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) is one of the three instruments on-board the European Space Agency's Herschel Space Observatory, due for launch in 2008. SPIRE is a dual instrument comprising a photometer, and imaging Fourier transform spectrometer. This thesis deals with the design and operation of a software simulator for the SPIRE photometer. The simulator architecture and modelling methods are described, and the fidelity of its output verified. This simulation software is then used to optimise and characterise data from the SPIRE photometer. The optimum observing parameters are derived, in order to maximise observing efficiency, and data quality. The impact of uncorrelated 1/f noise on the extraction of sources of arbitrary scale is assessed, and quantified. This work is also extended to include the impact of uncorrected 1/f noise on observations of sources in a confused environment. These results provide important information regarding the quality of SPIRE photometer data for the planning of large survey observations. The simulator is also an active tool within the SPIRE Instrument Control Centre team, and its use in the selection of the SPIRE map making algorithm is described. This thesis also contains an analysis of observations of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant made with the Balloon-borne Large Aperture submillimetre Telescope (BLAST), an instrument based on the SPIRE photometer design. This analysis assesses the hypothesis that supernovae might be a significant dust formation mechanism in the universe, as proposed in recent literature. Results from this study suggest that this hypothesis may be correct, but that evidence from previous observations might in fact be upper limits to the total mass of dust, rather than an absolute measurement.
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Trojanowski, Mikolaj, and Johan Andersson. "Are you lucky or skilled in Slay The Spire? : An analysis of randomness." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DVMT), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43090.
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Elements of randomness are a common factor inmodern digital games, from simple rolls of a die tocomplex AI systems. These elements have an impacton how the player experiences a game. We believe thatexploring the field of luck analysis can benefit designersthrough an developed understanding of how such elementsaffect players. The developers of the digital card gameSlay the Spire has released 77 millions of instances ofplay and sample of these are explored in this study. Withthe use of data mining, data clustering and correlationanalysis the effect of elements of randomness present inSlay the Spire are analyzed. In conclusion, three playerskill groups were identified with the use of clustering:Winners, Low skill losers and High skill losers. Weobserved that people who succeeded in beating the game,had an increased amount of randomness in the formof cards by a factor of 1.82. Showing that more skilledplayers do not shy away from randomness but insteadembrace it more than lower skilled players.
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Lamm, Markus Lothar. "Das Bistum und Hochstift Speyer unter der Regierung des Kardinals Franz Christoph von Hutten, 1743-1770 /." Mainz : Gesellschaft für mittelrheinische Kirchengeschichte, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38999031b.
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Balasundaram, Sujatha. "A role for cappuccino and chickadee in regulation of vesicle transport during Drosophila development." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193754.
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Establishment of polarity is a critical process that occurs early during development. In Drosophila melanogaster, axis determination occurs by localization of determinants during oogenesis. Mutations in cappuccino (capu) lead to defects in polarity establishment of both the anterior/posterior (A/P) and dorsal/ventral (D/V) axes during oogenesis. In the oocytes laid by capu mutant females, determinants that define these axes are either mislocalized or are absent. Several lines of evidence suggest that the regulation of cytoskeleton by the gene product encoded by capu is involved in Drosophila oogenesis.Capu, a member of the formin family of proteins, known to be regulators of actin dynamics, interacts both genetically and physically with chickadee (chic) which encodes the actin binding protein Profilin. I show here that mutations in both capu and chic lead to defects in the endocytic uptake of yolk into developing oocytes. I show that mutations in these loci lead to accumulation of abnormally large yolk granules and that this is a post internalization defect in the oocyte of capu and chic females. I also present evidence which indicates that an interaction with capu is necessary for chic regulation of yolk granule biogenesis.This is the first evidence for a formin subfamily of formin proteins to have a role in endocytosis. While this new function identified for the actin associated proteins Capu and Profilin indicates that regulation of actin cytoskeleton plays a role in endocytosis during oogenesis, the mechanism of this regulation and possible actin independent roles played by Capu and Profilin in this process are yet to be determined.Like capu, mutations in spire (spir) also show defects in A/P and D/V axes during oogenesis. Spir is an actin binding protein and like capu, mutations in spir shows defects in cytoskeletal architecture and suggests that capu and spire alter microtubule distribution in the oocyte during oogenesis.To identify molecular partners of capu and spir and their roles during oogenesis, I performed a genome-wide deficiency screen to identify regions of the genome that interact with these genes. I identified regions in the genome that showed interaction with capu and spir. While I was able to narrow down the region of interaction to a smaller cytological interval, gaps in the deficiency coverage and lack of mutants in those regions prevented me from identifying interacting loci in those regions.
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Porenius, Oscar, and Nils Hansson. "Using machine learning to help find paths through the map in Slay the Spire." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DVMT), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43386.
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Slay the Spire is a complex deck-building and roguelike game with many possibilities of improving players ability to win. An important part of Slay the Spire is choosing a path that makes the players character as successful as possible. In this study we show that machine learning can help players pick better paths by creating an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that predicts the most successful path of all available paths, we also discuss what makes a path successful. This study performed two experiments, one user study and one simulation experiment, with the intention of evaluating the created ANN and analysing what makes paths successful. Through the user study this paper shows that the ANN was effective at predicting paths, outperforming all other human players who played normally in all three cases. This study concludes that machine learning can be used effectively to help make pathing decisions in Slay the Spire. Furthermore the study proves the importance of the room types ’Elite’ and ’Campfires’ through the simulation experiment, user study and analysis of data from previous playthroughs.
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Spencer, Locke Dean, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Imaging Fourier transform spectroscopy from a space based platform : the Herschel/SPIRE Fourier transform spectrometer." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/1303.
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The Herschel Space Observatory (Herschel), a
flagship mission of the European
Space Agency (ESA), is comprised of three cryogenically cooled instruments commissioned
to explore the far-infrared/submillimetre universe. Herschel's remote orbit at the second
Lagrangian point (L2) of the Sun-Earth system, and its cryogenic payload, impose a need
for thorough instrument characterization and rigorous testing as there will be no possibility
for any servicing after launch.
The Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) is one of the instrument
payloads aboard Herschel and consists of a three band imaging photometer and a two band
imaging spectrometer. The imaging spectrometer on SPIRE consists of a Mach-Zehnder
(MZ)-Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) coupled with bolometric detector arrays to
form an imaging FTS (IFTS). This thesis presents experiments conducted to verify the
performance of an IFTS system from a space based platform, i.e. the use of the SPIRE
IFTS within the Herschel space observatory. Prior to launch, the SPIRE instrument has
undergone a series of performance verification tests conducted at the Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory (RAL) near Oxford, UK. Canada is involved in the SPIRE project through
provision of instrument development hardware and software, mission
flight software, and
support personnel. Through this thesis project I have been stationed at RAL for a period
spanning fifteen months to participate in the development, performance verification, and
characterization of both the SPIRE FTS and photometer instruments.
This thesis discusses Fourier transform spectroscopy and related FTS data process
ing (Chapter 2). Detailed discussions are included on the spectral phase related to the FTS
beamsplitter (Chapter 3), the imaging aspects of the SPIRE IFTS instrument (Chapter 4),
and the noise characteristics of the SPIRE bolometer detector arrays as measured using the
SPIRE IFTS (Chapter 5). This thesis presents results from experiments performed both on
site at the RAL Space Science and Technology Department (SSTD) Assembly Integration
Verification (AIV) instrument test facility as well as from the Astronomical Instrumentation
Group (AIG) research laboratories within the Department of Physics & Astronomy at the
University of Lethbridge.<br>xxiii, 243 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm
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Kamenetzky, J., N. Rangwala, J. Glenn, P. R. Maloney, and A. Conley. "L '(CO)/L-FIR RELATIONS WITH CO ROTATIONAL LADDERS OF GALAXIES ACROSS THE HERSCHEL SPIRE ARCHIVE." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621957.
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We present a catalog of all CO (J = 4-3 through J = 13-12), [ C I], and [ N II] lines available from extragalactic spectra from the Herschel SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) archive combined with observations of the low-J CO lines from the literature and from the Arizona Radio Observatory. This work examines the relationships between L-FIR, L'(CO), and L-CO/L-CO,L-1-0. We also present a new method for estimating probability distribution functions from marginal signal-to-noise ratio Herschel FTS spectra, which takes into account the instrumental "ringing" and the resulting highly correlated nature of the spectra. The slopes of log(L-FIR) versus log (L'(CO)) are linear for all mid- to high-J CO lines and slightly sublinear if restricted to (ultra) luminous infrared galaxies ((U) LIRGs). The mid-to high-J CO luminosity relative to CO J - 1-0 increases with increasing L-FIR, indicating higher excitement of the molecular gas, although these ratios do not exceed similar to 180. For a given bin in L-FIR, the luminosities relative to CO J = 1-0 remain relatively flat from J = 6-5 through J = 13-12, across three orders of magnitude of L-FIR. A single component theoretical photodissociation region (PDR) model cannot match these flat SLED shapes, although combinations of PDR models with mechanical heating added qualitatively match the shapes, indicating the need for further comprehensive modeling of the excitation processes of warm molecular gas in nearby galaxies.
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Mathey, Sabrina [Verfasser], and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Meyer. "Die Rolle von Spire-1 im Podozyten in der Adriamycin-induzierten Glomerulonephritis / Sabrina Mathey. Betreuer: Tobias Meyer." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1020465794/34.
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Popli, Sonam. "Identification and charaterization of host cell spire as partners of a toxoplasma parasite enzyme secreted during infection." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077017.
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Toxoplasma gondii est un protozoaire appartenant au phylum des Apicomplexa présent sur tous les continents et l'agent causal de la toxoplasmose. Nous avons caractérisé une sérine/thréonine phosphatase de type 2C exprimée chez le parasita (TgPP2C) qui est également détectée dans le cytoplasme de la cellule après infection. Une sous-population de la phosphatase est présente au front de migration de la cellule hôte, co-localisant avec la F-actine. Avec pour objectif d'identifier des protéines hôtes partenaires ou/et substrats de cette enzyme, une crible double hybride en levure a été réalisé. L'un des partenaires potentiels retenu dans le crible est le nucléateur d'actine de la famille Spire. Le travail de thèse a été déployé selon trois chapitres. Le premier a permis de confirmer l'interaction sélective des deux protéines Spire (Spire-1 et Spire-2) avec la protéine TgPP2C après sur-expression de formes differentiellement étiquetées et purification des complexes par affinité sur les étiquettes. Un second volet a permis de détailler la distribution sub¬ cellulaire des protéines de fusion dans différents types cellulaires. Nos résultats démontrent que Spire-1 et Spire-2 ont des profils différents, Spire-1 étant strictement sous forme vésiculaire et associé à différents marqueurs de la voie d'endocytose-exocytose et Spire-2 présentant un marquage cytoplasmique plus diffus couplé à un marquage nucléaire. En outre, Spire-1 est clairement recruté dans des protrusions membranaires ventrales appelées invadosomes et caractérisant plusieurs types cellulaires en particulier cancéreuses et transformées par la kinase Src. Un troisième volet a été abordé en co-exprimant Spire-2 et TgPP2C dans des cellules au contact ou non des parasites. Les premières données indiquent que les deux protéines co-localisent au niveau de remaniements membranaires périphériques indépendamment du parasite<br>Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite of the phylum of Apicomplexa which causes toxoplasmosis. Our laboratory has identified and characterized a type2C Ser/Thre phosphatase (TgPP2C) that is secreted into the host cell cytoplasm in the course of infection and thus could modulate host cell properties in response to infection. Intriguingly, a small pool of TgPP2C especially in infected primary macrophages was detected at the cell periphery in F-actin enriched-membrane regions. Yeast Two Hybrid Screen was performed using TgPP2C as bait against a human placenta cDNA library and identified the actin nucleator Spire which encompasses two highly similar proteins Spire-1 and Spire-2 in mammals. This work validates the actin nucleator Spire proteins as partners of TgPP2C using biochemical approaches. It documents the sub-cellular distribution of Spire-1 and 2 proteins in different types of mammalian cells, in particular demonstrating that both proteins display distinct pattern of expression despite their similarity in terms of sequence. In infected cells, Spire-2 localizes with TgPP2C in numbers of regions unlike Spire-1. In cells that form invasive structures involved in matrice degradation and tissue invasion, Spire-1 was selectively localized to these sites and could contribute to the invadosome activity, thus providing new directions to further explore on tumor progression
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Orieux, François. "Inversion bayésienne myope et non-supervisée pour l'imagerie sur-résolue. Application à l'instrument SPIRE de l'observatoire spatial Herschel." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00433540.
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Les travaux concernent le traitement de données pour l'imagerie sur-résolue avec une application en astronomie. On s'intéresse en particulier aux données issues de l'instrument SPIRE de l'observatoire spatial Herschel de l'ESA, dédié aux infrarouges lointains. Les problèmes soulevés sont principalement : la réponse de l'optique qui atténue les fréquences spatiales, le sous-échantillonnage ainsi que la présence d'une dérive thermique. L'approche proposée est l'inversion de données, c'est à dire la prise en compte du processus d'acquisition en plus d'information a priori, pour estimer le ciel d'intérêt. La première partie des travaux concerne la modélisation du processus d'acquisition des données. Le modèle est composé d'une optique, de filtres en longueur d'onde, du capteur sensible à la température à base de bolomètres ainsi que du protocole de pointage. Le modèle obtenu, linéaire mais non invariant à cause de l'échantillonnage, est étudié. Des propriétés intéressantes, notamment dans une perspective de traitement de données, sont dégagées en particulier en lien avec la sur-résolution. L'analyse du modèle permet également de faire ressortir des propriétés utiles pour un algorithmique de calcul. La deuxième partie des travaux repose sur une démarche d'inférence inscrite dans le formalisme bayésien usuel. Toute l'information ne passant pas à travers l'instrument ou étant dégradée, le problème inverse est mal-conditionné. La méthode employée, en plus de formaliser une information de régularité spatiale sur le ciel permettant de lever le problème de conditionnement, propose l'estimation des paramètres des lois réglant le compromis entre les différentes sources d'information (hyper-paramètres). De plus, l'approche proposée permet l'estimation de paramètres instruments ainsi que l'estimation d'une dérive thermique lente affectant l'ensemble du capteur conjointement aux autres paramètres. L'ensemble de l'information utilisée pour résoudre le problème est formalisé au travers d'une loi a posteriori jointe pour l'ensemble des inconnues. L'estimateur choisi est la moyenne a posteriori calculée par un algorithme MCMC. Une étude expérimentale démontre la capacité de la méthode à restaurer de hautes fréquences spatiales. L'étude montre également le potentiel de l'approche pour l'estimation des hyper-paramètres et des paramètres instruments.
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Orieux, François. "Inversion bayésienne myope et non-supervisée pour l’imagerie sur-résolue : Application à l’instrument SPIRE de l’observatoire spatial Herschel." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112295.
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Les travaux concernent le traitement de données pour l'imagerie sur-résolue avec une application en astronomie. On s'intéresse en particulier aux données issues de l'instrument SPIRE de l'observatoire spatial Herschel de l'ESA, dédié aux infrarouges lointains. Les problèmes soulevés sont principalement : la réponse de l'optique qui atténue les fréquences spatiales, le sous-échantillonnage ainsi que la présence d'une dérive thermique. L'approche proposée est l'inversion de données, c'est à dire la prise en compte du processus d'acquisition en plus d'information a priori, pour estimer le ciel d'intérêt. La première partie des travaux concerne la modélisation du processus d'acquisition des données. Le modèle est composé d'une optique, de filtres en longueur d'onde, du capteur sensible à la température à base de bolomètres ainsi que du protocole de pointage. Le modèle obtenu, linéaire mais non invariant à cause de l'échantillonnage, est étudié. Des propriétés intéressantes, notamment dans une perspective de traitement de données, sont dégagées en particulier en lien avec la sur-résolution. L'analyse du modèle permet également de faire ressortir des propriétés utiles pour un algorithmique de calcul. La deuxième partie des travaux repose sur une démarche d'inférence inscrite dans le formalisme bayésien usuel. Toute l'information ne passant pas à travers l'instrument ou étant dégradée, le problème inverse est mal-conditionné. La méthode employée, en plus de formaliser une information de régularité spatiale sur le ciel permettant de lever le problème de conditionnement, propose l'estimation des paramètres des lois réglant le compromis entre les différentes sources d'information (hyper-paramètres). De plus, l'approche proposée permet l'estimation de paramètres instruments ainsi que l'estimation d'une dérive thermique lente affectant l'ensemble du capteur conjointement aux autres paramètres. L'ensemble de l'information utilisée pour résoudre le problème est formalisé au travers d'une loi a posteriori jointe pour l'ensemble des inconnues. L'estimateur choisi est la moyenne a posteriori calculée par un algorithme MCMC. Une étude expérimentale démontre la capacité de la méthode à restaurer de hautes fréquences spatiales. L'étude montre également le potentiel de l'approche pour l'estimation des hyper-paramètres et des paramètres instruments<br>The work involves data processing for super-resolution imaging with an application in astronomy. We are particularly interested in data from the SPIRE instrument of the spatial observatory Herschel of ESA, dedicated to far-infrared. The problems are mainly: the convolution of the spatial optical response, the sub-sampling and the presence of a thermal drift. The proposed approach is the inversion of data, ie taking into account the acquisition process as well as prior information to estimate the sky of interest. The first part of the work concerns the modelisation of the data acquisition process. The model consists of the mirror and feed-horns, the wavelength filter, the temperature sensitive sensor based on bolometers and scanning protocol. The obtained model, linear but not invariant due to sampling, is studied. Interesting properties, including perspective on data processing, are obtained especially in connection with the super-resolution capacity. The analysis also show useful properties for efficient algorithm. The second part of the work relies on a inference framework based on the usual Bayesian formalism. Since information is degraded, the inverse problem is ill-conditioned. The used method offers parameter estimation laws governing the balance between different information sources (hyper-parameters), in addition to the formalization of spatial regularity. Moreover, the proposed approach allows instrument parameters estimation and estimation of a slow thermal drift affecting all the sensor in conjunction with all the other parameters. All the information used to solve the problem is formalized through a posterior law. The estimator is chosen as the posterior mean calculated by means of an MCMC algorithm. An experimental study demonstrates the capacity of the approach to restore high spatial frequencies. The study also shows the potential of the approach for estimating hyper-parameters and instrument parameters
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BOZZI, FRANCESCO. "LE SPIRE DELLA VIPERA. ADERENTI E ADERENZE DENTRO E FUORI LO STATO VISCONTEO-SFORZESCO FRA TRE E QUATTROCENTO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/825485.
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La tesi si propone di mettere in luce gli aspetti più caratteristici e rilevanti dei trattati di aderenza nella loro declinazione visconteo-sforzesca, con l’obiettivo di evidenziare lo sviluppo e, soprattutto, i caratteri innovativi di un legame che, destinato a perdurare nell’età moderna, offre una rinnovata chiave interpretativa dei processi genetici di una “nuova” statualità alla fine dell’età di mezzo. Vincoli elastici, flessibili e ritagliati direttamente sulle base delle contingenze in cui venivano stipulati, i trattati di aderenza (o colleganza, accomandigia, raccomandazione, …) conobbero una vasta diffusione nell’Italia bassomedievale e rinascimentale, in particolar modo dalla metà del XIV secolo, e avevano lo scopo di coordinare i principali poteri degli scacchieri italiani e le realtà minori che allignavano dentro o al di fuori degli stessi, in particolar modo i signori rurali o, in qualche caso, le comunità: riassumendo ai minimi termini, il principalis si vedeva infatti garantito sostegno militare, mentre l’adherens riceveva protezione e legittimazioni di vario tipo.
L’utilizzo che i signori – e poi i duchi – di Milano fecero di tale strumento risulta di grande interesse, in quanto Visconti prima e Sforza poi ricorsero con particolare costanza al legame sia per consolidare i processi di state-building interni allo stato, sia i processi di espansione esterni ai confini del principato. Sin dalla metà del Trecento, infatti, i signori di Milano utilizzarono frequentemente i trattati di aderenza per individuare alleati direttamente a ridosso – se non addirittura all’interno – dei territori nemici. Tale meccanismo fu particolarmente sfruttato durante l’età di Gian Galeazzo Visconti, che rese la pressione dei suoi aderenti quantomai efficace contro le potenze avversarie (in particolare Firenze) innervando di sostenitori aree strategiche come la Romagna e la Lunigiana.
Con la morte del primo duca di Milano nel 1402 il vincolo attraversò un lungo periodo di crisi, dovuto alla debolezza di Giovanni Maria Visconti, e fu solo in seguito alla sua violenta scomparsa (1412) che Filippo Maria Visconti poté ricostruire, al pari dello stato, anche la rete di aderenti, declinata dal terzo duca in senso difensivo piuttosto che offensivo. Nel momento in cui la dinastia si estinse e il ducato cadde nelle mani degli Sforza, il legame si ritrovò inserito all’interno dei delicati equilibri della Lega italica: l’aderenza divenne così un modo non più per aggredire i nemici o per difendersi, per definire e profilare la propria sfera di influenza, ormai in qualche modo “stabilizzata” e non più sottoposta a eccessivi scossoni.
Dal punto di vista nei processi di state-building, invece, il legame mantenne caratteristiche costanti nel corso del tempo: tramite le accomandigie i signori e i duchi di Milano riuscirono infatti a meglio vincolare a sé le animate famiglie signorili che punteggiavano gli spazi dello stato, in particolare in aree come il Piemonte e l’Emilia. Lì i trattati, che pure non persero le loro caratteristiche militari, rivelarono tutto il loro potenziale come elementi di coordinazione e di disciplinamento: la loro fortuna risiede proprio nelle loro caratteristiche elastiche, che se da una parte rendevano il vincolo così costruito instabile, dall’altra ne sostanziano l’effettiva modernità, e che ne garantirono la lunga durata (seppur con alterne fortune) ancora per tutto il ‘500 e oltre.<br>The research proposes to investigate the most characteristic and relevant aspects of the treatises of adherentia under the Visconti and Sforza, with the aim of highlighting the development and, above all, the innovative characteristics of a bond which, destined to last in the modern age, offers a new interpretative key to the genetic processes of a "new" statehood at the end of the Middle Age. Those treaties were elastic, flexible and tailored directly on the basis of the contingencies in which they were stipulated, and the bonds of adherentia (or collegatio, accomandatio, recomendisia, and so on) knew a wide diffusion in medieval and renaissance Italy, especially from the middle of the 14th century: they had the aim of coordinating the main powers of the Italian chessboards and the minor realities inside or outside them, especially the rural lords or, in some cases, the communities; summing up, the principalis was guaranteed military support, while the adherens received protection and legitimations of various kinds.
The use that the lords – and then the dukes – of Milan made of this instrument is of great interest, as Visconti and Sforza resorted with particular constancy to the link both to consolidate the state-building processes inside the state and the expansion processes outside the principality's borders. Since the middle of the fourteenth century, in fact, the lords of Milan frequently used treaties of adherentia to identify allies close to – or even inside – enemy territories. This mechanism was particularly exploited during the age of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, who made the pressure of his adherentes as effective as possible against the opposing powers (in particular Florence) and made strategic areas such as Romagna and Lunigiana a source of supporters.
With the death of the first duke of Milan in 1402 the bond went through a long period of crisis, due to the weakness of Giovanni Maria Visconti, and it was only after his violent death (1412) that Filippo Maria Visconti was able to rebuild, like the state, the network of adherentes, which the third duke declined in a defensive rather than offensive way. When the dynasty became extinct and the Duchy fell into the hands of the Sforza, the bond found itself inserted within the delicate equilibrium of the Italic League, thus becoming a way no longer to wage war, but was rather used to define and profile the spheres of influence, now somehow "stabilised" and no longer subject to excessive shocks.
From the point of view of the state-building processes, on the other hand, the bond maintained constant characteristics over time: through the accomandigie, the lords and dukes of Milan managed to better bind the restless noble families that dotted the spaces of the state, particularly in areas such as Piedmont and Emilia. There the bonds, which did not lose their military characteristics, revealed all their potential as elements of coordination and discipline: their fortune resides precisely in their elastic characteristics, which, if on the one hand made the bond so constructed unstable, on the other, substantiated its effective modernity, which guaranteed its long duration (albeit with alternating fortunes) throughout the fifteenth century and beyond.
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BENIGNI, PAOLA. "Pensando a te nelle voluttuose spire, le sigarette della tua gentilezza. Lettere inedite di Mario Luzi a Giacinto Spagnoletti." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1085.
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Mario Luzi e Giacinto Spagnoletti sono state due figure di spicco del milieu letterario del XX secolo ed il primo, in modo particolare, di quell’ambiente ermetico fiorentino di cui fu senz’altro uno degli esponenti principali e più rappresentativi. Data la levatura dei due personaggi è possibile già preliminarmente comprendere il valore storico-documentaristico del presente studio nel quale si vuole dar conto, per la prima volta integralmente, delle lettere inviate dal poeta di Castello al critico tarantino, che ricoprono un arco temporale molto lungo, all’incirca più di mezzo secolo, dal 1941 al 1993. A riprova di tale importanza basti pensare che alcune di esse sono state parzialmente utilizzate – citandole per brevi brani – da Stefano Verdino, curatore per la collana «I Meridiani» di Mondadori del volume Mario Luzi. L’opera poetica, pubblicato nel 1998, soprattutto per la ricostruzione del dettagliatissimo profilo biografico del poeta contenuto nella sezione Cronologia.
I testi autografi, qui restituiti, sono tutti conservati, ma non ancora catalogati, presso la Fondazione Schlesinger, nella sede di Lugano.
Il presente lavoro di ricerca si è rivelato particolarmente stimolante ed interessante soprattutto per quanto concerne la parte relativa alla contestualizzazione delle referenze, alla ricostruzione delle vicende e all’individuazione di opere e personaggi (quest’ultimi spesso indicati anche per soprannome) – di cui si è dato conto nelle note a piè di pagina e nella sezione Annotazioni (in calce ad ogni missiva) – operazioni per le quali si sono rivelati fondamentali non solo la lettura di alcuni carteggi di letterati coevi, ma anche lo spoglio delle più importanti riviste dell’epoca.
Grazie a questo corredo di studi è stato possibile rendere, con la speranza di conservarle a futura memoria, nella loro interezza queste 163 lettere che oltre ad attestare una bella storia d’amicizia, durata all’incirca più di mezzo secolo, tra Luzi e Spagnoletti, forniscono utili informazioni anche sulle vicende e sugli altri protagonisti dell’entourage non solo letterario, ma anche più genericamente intellettuale dell’epoca (editoria, concorsi letterari, università, riviste e quotidiani, ecc.). Di particolare interesse critico-filologico si sono rivelate specialmente le lettere in cui Luzi, illustrando all’amico il proprio modus operandi, gli confessa in realtà le travagliate fasi della propria produzione, sia in versi che in prosa, fornendo quindi, anche a noi lettori, la chiave di volta per accedere all’interno della sua ricchissima ‘officina’. E parimenti importanti sono le missive in cui Luzi da poeta si trasforma in critico dell’operato del suo destinatario, autore non solo di antologie e recensioni ‘militanti’, ma altresì di romanzi e poesie di cui Luzi fu attento lettore e primo, a volte implacabile, mentore critico.
Se a questi testi va, come si è detto, riconosciuto innanzi tutto un indubbio valore documentaristico e cronachistico in ambito storico letterario, va pure sottolineato, ad onor del vero, che essi rivestono un’estrema importanza anche per le notizie a carattere privato e familiare che – come notato da Giacinto Spagnoletti stesso, sebbene in altro contesto – «non conosceremmo da altra fonte» ed il cui vantaggio più immediato consiste nel fatto che esse permettono di integrare e corredare i dati contenuti nelle biografie ufficiali dei due corrispondenti, aiutando così tutti gli studiosi a comprendere meglio aspetti intimistici e autobiografici spesso in nuce nelle rispettive produzioni letterarie.<br>Mario Luzi and Giacinto Spagnoletti were major figures of the 20th century literary milieu. Luzi, in particular, was among the most important representatives of the Florentine Hermetic literary circle. Given the prestige of the two characters, it is possible to easily understand the documentary and historical value of the present study, whose aim is to report on the letters written by the poet from Castello to the critic from Taranto. The letters cover a time span of more than a half century, from 1941 to 1993, and are reported integrally for the first time. As proof of their importance, suffice it to say that some of the letters were partially quoted by Stefano Verdino, editor of the volume Mario Luzi. L’opera poetica [Mario Luzi. Poetical works] published in 1998 in the collection «I Meridiani» by Mondadori, containing a section entitled Cronologia in which Verdino quotes them in order to draw a very detailed biographical sketch of the poet.
The reported autograph texts are kept, but not yet catalogued, in the library of the Schlesinger Foundation, in Lugano.
The present research study has proved very challenging and interesting, especially the part concerning the contextualization of references, the reconstruction of events and the identification of works and characters, who are often referred to through nicknames (explained in the footnotes and in the section “Annotazioni” [‘Notes’] at the bottom of every letter). The reading of the correspondence between coeval literary characters and the consultation of the most important reviews of the time proved of primary importance for the analysis of the letters.
The mentioned research made it possible to report integrally and, hopefully, to preserve for future memory, Luzi’s 163 letters, which, besides testifying a more than 50-year-long friendship between Luzi and Spagnoletti, provide useful information about relevant events and characters of the literary and, more generally, intellectual entourage of the time (publishing industries, literary competitions, universities, newspapers and journals, etc.). Of particular critical and philological interest proved the letters in which Luzi describes his modus operandi to his friend and reveals the tormented phases of his prose and poetic production, thus providing even the reader with the key to enter his precious literary ‘workshop’. Of the same relevance are the letters in which Luzi becomes a critic of the work of his addressee, who was not only an author of anthologies and ‘militant’ reviews, but also of novels and poems of which Luzi was an attentive reader and the first, sometimes unrelenting, critical mentor.
If the great value of these texts is to be acknowledged firstly from a documentary and historic point of view, it must also be underlined that they are of great relevance because of the personal and private information they provide. In other circumstances Giacinto Spagnoletti himself stated that ‘we could not get [that information] from any other sources’ [“non conosceremmo da altra fonte”]; the most evident contribution given by the letters is to provide the scholars with information which integrate and complete the official biographies of the two writers, thus helping to better understand some autobiographical and intimist issues which can only be found in the embryonic phase in their literary production.
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Khaldi, Dounia. "Parallélisation automatique et statique de tâches sous contraintes de ressources : une approche générique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00935483.
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Le but de cette thèse est d'exploiter efficacement le parallélisme présent dans les applications informatiques séquentielles afin de bénéficier des performances fournies par les multiprocesseurs, en utilisant une nouvelle méthodologie pour la parallélisation automatique des tâches au sein des compilateurs. Les caractéristiques clés de notre approche sont la prise en compte des contraintes de ressources et le caractère statique de l'ordonnancement des tâches. Notre méthodologie contient les techniques nécessaires pour la décomposition des applications en tâches et la génération de code parallèle équivalent, en utilisant une approche générique qui vise différents langages et architectures parallèles. Nous implémentons cette méthodologie dans le compilateur source-à-source PIPS. Cette thèse répond principalement à trois questions. Primo, comme l'extraction du parallélisme de tâches des codes séquentiels est un problème d'ordonnancement, nous concevons et implémentons un algorithme d'ordonnancement efficace, que nous nommons BDSC, pour la détection du parallélisme ; le résultat est un SDG ordonnancé, qui est une nouvelle structure de données de graphe de tâches. Secondo, nous proposons une nouvelle extension générique des représentations intermédiaires séquentielles en des représentations intermédiaires parallèles que nous nommons SPIRE, pour la représentation des codes parallèles. Enfin, nous développons, en utilisant BDSC et SPIRE, un générateur de code que nous intégrons dans PIPS. Ce générateur de code cible les systèmes à mémoire partagée et à mémoire distribuée via des codes OpenMP et MPI générés automatiquement.
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Schirm, M. R. P., C. D. Wilson, J. Kamenetzky, et al. "Probing the cold and warm molecular gas in the Whirlpool Galaxy: Herschel SPIRE-FTS observations of the central region of M51 (NGC 5194)." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625734.
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We present Herschel Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE)-Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) intermediate-sampled mapping observations of the central similar to 8 kpc (similar to 150 arcsec) of M51, with a spatial resolution of 40 arcsec. We detect four (CO)-C-12 transitions (J = 4-3 to J = 7-6) and the [C i] P-3(2)-P-3(1) and P-3(1)-P-3(0) transitions. We supplement these observations with ground-based observations of (CO)-C-12 J = 1-0 to J = 3-2 and perform a two-component non-local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis. We find that the molecular gas in the nucleus and centre regions has a cool component (T-kin similar to 10-20 K) with a moderate but poorly constrained density (n(H-2) similar to 10(3)-10(6) cm(-3)), as well as significant molecular gas in a warmer (T-kin similar to 300-3000 K), lower density (n(H-2) similar to 10(1.6)-10(2.5) cm(-3)) component. We compare our CO line ratios and calculated densities along with ratios of CO to total infrared luminosity to a grid of photon-dominated region (PDR) models and find that the cold molecular gas likely resides in PDRs with a field strength of G(0) similar to 10(2). The warm component likely requires an additional source of mechanical heating, from supernovae and stellar winds or possibly shocks produced in the strong spiral density wave. When compared to similar two-component models of other star-forming galaxies published as part of the Very Nearby Galaxies Survey (Arp 220, M82 and NGC 4038/39), M51 has the lowest density for the warm component, while having a warm gas mass fraction that is comparable to those of Arp 220 and M82, and significantly higher than that of NGC 4038/39.
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Ducka, Anna Magdalena [Verfasser], Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Buchner, and Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Huber. "Molecular architecture of Spire-actin complexes and its implication for actin filament assembly / Anna Magdalena Ducka. Gutachter: Johannes Buchner ; Robert Huber. Betreuer: Robert Huber." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1015224024/34.
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Chaumette, Yves. "La tension interne à la cohésion informationnelle." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00945803.
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L'information décrit et met en forme. Un projet assemble de multiples éléments, ce qui pose la question de sa cohésion. Comment des parties tiennent-elles ensemble ? Des liens en suspens, introduits par Husserl, peuvent être modélisés par des spires. Un anneau de spires, qui est une unité composée, rend compte de l'assemblage de parties. Le mouvement et la négation conduisent à quatre mondes logiques et la genèse des nombres s'accompagne d'une genèse du trait. Ainsi la cohésion en construction se modélise par un triple anneau de spires, correspondant à trois interfaces entre les mondes : 1) une interface avec des composants en interaction, ce qui construit la forme, 2) une interface limite de l'amortissement des spires, qui forme l'horizon, 3) une interface avec la pulsation au centre. Ce triple anneau, provenant d'une tension triple, s'applique à une forme en three degrés : spatial, temporel et réflexif. Dans l'espace, la forme se trouve à des stades divers d'intégration de composants. Dans le temps, des cycles s'intègrent en un plus grand cycle, une démarche générique est modélisée avec des blocs élémentaires ; cette modélisation a été testée. Au niveau réflexif, le lecteur s'intègre dans la tension et celle-ci, dans un projet, interroge sa raison d'être ; la tension triple provient d'une arborescence de notions fondamentales, qui culminent dans l'être, l'unité et le devenir, base de la cohésion informationnelle.
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Kong, Ching-man Paula, and 江靜雯. "Powerful obsession: variations on a theme in four fictions : Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Joseph Conrad's Heart ofdarkness, William Golding's Lord of the flies and The spire." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951351.
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Hoareau, Jean-Marc. "Désir, violence, sacré et pouvoir dans Lord of the Flies (1954), the Inheritors (1955), Free Fall (1959) et the Spire (1964) de William Golding (1911-1993)." La Réunion, 2007. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/07_02-hoareau.pdf.
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Notre étude traite du thème girardien de la violence fondatrice (ou ritualisée) dans quatre romans de l'écrivain britannique William Golding (1911 - 1993) : Lord of thé Plies (1954), The inheritors (1955), Free Fa// (1959) et The Spire (1964). Cette notion est une constante dans l'œuvre de cet écrivain qui est un observateur lucide et impartial de la conscience humaine et de la genèse sociale. Dans bon nombre de ses romans, il examine le fonctionnement de ce type de violence comme exutoïre à la violence communautaire dans les sociétés à structure archaïque, et comme sublimation de la violence inhérente au désir inconscient freudien sur le plan individuel. Cette forme de violence, qui polarise les agressivités individuelles et qui ressurgit sous une forme ou une autre dans nos sociétés modernes, donne un caractère viable à la société, et de ce fait elle est l'acte fondateur socioculturellement : l'archiviste-paléographe René Girard la définit comme étant !e mythe de base. Dans sa dimension antésociale, il est impératif qu'elle soit gérée par te pouvoir et elle finit même par lui être nécessaire. Elle assume donc un aspect tautologique dans l'exercice du pouvoir. La vision structurante que William Golding a de la violence fondatrice est analogue à celle élaborée par René Girard dans La violence et le sacré (1972), ce qui fait que nous avons utilisé l'ouvrage de ce dernier comme outil méthodologique<br>Our survey deals with thé thème of founding (or ritualized) violence in accordance with René Girard's theory, in four novels of thé British writer William Golding (1911 - 1993) : Lord of thé Plies (1954), The Inheritors (1955), Free Fa// (1959) and The Spire (1964). This notion is récurrent in thé work of this novelist who is an unbiased and perceptive observer of human conscience and of social genesis. Indeed, in many novels he depicts this particular form of violence as functioning as an outiet for communal violence in structuraily archaic societies, as well as a sublimation of individuel violence inhérent in thé concept of Freudian unconscious désire. This kînd of violene, polarizing thé individua! aggressivities, whatever shapes it may reoccur in in our modem societies, makes it possible to survive in society. Consequenfly it is thé founding act on a socioculturel ievel: thé archivist-paleographer René Girard defines it as thé fundarnental myth. In its antesocial dimension, it must be controlled by power and eventually it is necessary to thé latter. Thus it takes a tautological character in exercising power. William Golding's socially structuring vision of îounding violence is similar to that worked out by René Girard in La violence et le sacré (1972), and therefore our methodological guideline has been thé theory of thé scapegoat deveioped in this work of Girard's
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Kong, Ching-man Paula. "Powerful obsession : variations on a theme in four fictions : Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Joseph Conrad's Heart of darkness, William Golding's Lord of the flies and the spire /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1868550X.
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Lillemo, Dennis. "Modelling masonry spires : An investigation." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301245.
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Masonry spires are a typical part of church architecture. Since it is rare that masonry is used as a load-bearing material in the western world today, it is important to maintain and increase the knowledge of modelling masonry structures both from a maintenance point of view and to build new masonry structures. The purpose of this master thesis is to look at and evaluate some different methods to model masonry spires exposed to common loads such as gravity, settlement and wind. The spire of the Salisbury Cathedral is used as a template regarding geometry and mechanical properties for the modelling methods. Two modelling methods are used in the master’s thesis. The first one is the limit analysis method applied to masonry. It is used to calculate a critical thickness for the masonry of the spire for a severe wind load. The second method is the Finite Element Method (FEM). The commercial finite element software Abaqus is used to create the model and the discretization used with the FE modelling is the macro-modelling approach. Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) in Abaqus is used as the material model and adapted to masonry. The finite element model consists of the spire itself along with the supporting structure beneath it down to the piers. Four different simulations (jobs) are run with varying wind direction and two of them have settling piers. The results from the finite element simulations indicate that the membrane stresses in the spire faces for the various jobs were not significantly different from one another. One of the jobs with settling piers could not be completed because the tensile stresses in the arches reached the tensile strength capacity of the material. The other simulation with a settlement that did complete did not have any significant difference in stress compared with the simulations without settlements. While the arches and the piers underwent plastic straining the spire itself did not. The stress levels there remained in the linear range for all the completed simulations. The finite element results also agree with the limit analysis. These findings call into question some of the modelling choices. The inclusion of the structure beneath the spire in the finite element model, as a way to study the effect of settlements, did not give more insight into the spire’s behaviour. Furthermore, the method to implement settlements was too inaccurate and another approach should be used to study the effect of settlements on the state of spires. Further work needs to be done on that topic. Improvements can also be made regarding how CDP was adapted for masonry.<br>Murade tornspiror är en vanlig takkonstruktion inom kyrkoarkitekturen. Eftersom det numera är sällsynt att murverk fungerar som lastbärande material i västvärlden, är det viktigt att upprätthålla och utöka kunskapen om murverkskonstruktioner för både underhåll och nybyggnation. Syftet med denna masteruppsats är att betrakta och utvärdera några olika modelleringsmetoder för murade tornspiror som är utsatta för några typiska laster såsom egentyngd, sättningar och vind. Katedralen i Salisbury används som en modelleringsmall i uppsatsen med avseende på katedralens geometri och materialegenskaper. Två modelleringsmetoder används i uppsatsen. Den första är gränsanalys tillämpad på murverkskonstruktioner. Den används för att beräkna en kritisk tjocklek för tornspiran under en stor vindlast. Den andra metoden är Finita Elementmetoden (FEM). Den kommersiella finita elementprogramvaran Abaqus används för finita elementanalysen och diskretiseringen som används för murverket i finita elementmodellen är makromodellering. Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) i Abaqus används som materialmodell och anpassas för murverk. Finita elementmodellen består utav själva tornspiran inklusive de bärande delarna under spiran och ned till pelarna. Fyra olika simuleringar ("jobb") körs med vindlast som angriper från olika riktningar och två av simuleringarna har pelare som sätter sig. Resultaten från simuleringarna visar att membranspänningarna i tornspirans väggar, för de olika jobben, inte skilde sig i någon betydelig grad från varandra. Ett av jobben med pelare som satte sig kunde inte köras klart eftersom dragspänningarna i valvbågarna överskred draghållfastheten på murverket i modellen. Den andra simuleringen med sättningar som kördes klart uppvisade inte några avsevärda skillnader i spänningar i tornspiran jämfört med simuleringarna utan sättningar. Medan plastiska töjningar uppkom i både valvbågarna och pelarna i modellen, uppkom de inte i tornspiran. Spänningsnivåerna i tornspiran var inom det linjära intervallet för alla simuleringar. Resultaten från finita elementanalysen stämde överens med resultaten från gränsanalysen. Analysresultaten ifrågasätter vissa av modelleringsvalen. Att inkludera de bärande delarna under tornspiran i finita elementmodellen, för att undersöka effekten av sättningar, gav inte en större insikt i hur sättningar påverkar tornspiran. Dessutom, var metoden för att tillämpa sättningar för oprecis och en annan metod borde användas. Mer arbete måste utföras vad gäller det ämnet. Sättet att tillämpa CDP för murverk kan också förbättras.
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Bravard-Huntley, Sophie. "Formes spatiales et angoisse dans les cinq premiers romans de William Golding : Lord of the flies, 1954 ; The inheritors, 1955 ; Pincher Martin, 1956 ; Free fall, 1959 ; The Spire, 1964." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030094.
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Dans les cinq premiers romans de W. Golding, une angoisse fondamentale est liée à l'expérience des formes spatiales : l'angoisse déforme les perceptions, génère des formes hallucinatoires, qui en retour l'amplifient. Ainsi, dans Lord of the flies, la perturbation des esprits et la montée des inquiétudes, révélées par les avatars apparents des formes habituellement régulières (l'anneau corallien, la conque spiraloi͏̈de. . . ), se traduisent en une angoisse dont les déferlements sont décuplés par les incarnations successives d'un prétendu "monstre". .<br>In the first five novels of W. Golding, a fundamental anguish is linked with the experiencing of spatial forms : anguish distorts perception and generates hallucinatory shapes, with in turn increase the characters' agony. In Lord of the flies for instance, the mental disturbance and the growing worries of the children, revealed by the apparent changes in shapes that are usually regular (the coral ring, the spiral conch. . . ), give way to waves of anguish, which are amplified by the successive incarnations of an imagined "monster". .
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Kuvaja, P. (Pasi). "Software process capability and maturity determination:BOOTSTRAP methodology and its evolution." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526200309.
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Abstract Software process assessment and improvement came under the spotlight in the discussion of software engineering when the Software Engineering Institute published the maturity model for software process capability determination in 1987. Since then, several new approaches and standards have been developed. This thesis introduces a European software process assessment and improvement methodology called BOOTSTRAP, which was initially developed in an ESPRIT project starting from lean and kaizen philosophy. The focus is on the evolution of methodology and how it was developed, using an experimental research approach. The work covers also enhancements to the methodology investigated in the SPICE, PROFES and TAPISTRY projects. The enhancements expand the original methodology into new specific application areas, keep it compliant with new quality standards and certification, improve the efficiency of the assessment method, enhance the focus from process to product and strengthen improvement monitoring and support. To address these areas, the new BOOTSTRAP methodology releases offer tailored and enhanced assessment reference models and enhanced assessment and improvement methods. The new features also facilitate more frequent and even continuous assessments with software measurement-based indicators. The thesis explains the origin and features of BOOTSTRAP software process assessment and improvement methodology and how it was developed for professional use. The discussion starts with the evolution of the methodology. Then the new trends and demands are introduced and new features of the BOOTSTRAP methodology described. The conclusion discusses how the methodology developed to be able successfully to support professional software process assessment, to align it with the evolution of software engineering, to adopt the features and requirements of the underlying standards in order to conform to the requirements set by ISO 15504 standard and to become validated in practice<br>Tiivistelmä Ohjelmistoprosessin arvioinnista ja parantamisesta tuli ohjelmistotekniikan keskeinen kiinnostuksen kohde kun Carnegie-Mellon yliopiston ohjelmistotekniikan instituutti SEI julkaisi kypsyysmallinsa ohjelmistoprosessin kyvykkyyden arviointiin vuonna 1987. Siitä lähtien maailmalla on syntynyt lukuisa määrä uusia malleja ja standardeja tälle alueelle. Tässä väitöskirjassa esitellään eurooppalainen ohjelmistoprosessin arviointi- ja parantamismenetelmä BOOTSTRAP, joka kehitettiin alun perin Euroopan unionin ESPRIT tutkimusohjelman rahoittamassa projektissa lähtien japanilaisesta ohut-ajattelusta (Lean) ja sen jatkuvan parantamisen periaatteesta (Kaizen). Esitys keskittyy menetelmän kehittymiseen ja siihen miten menetelmä käytännössä kehitettiin käyttäen kokeellista tutkimustapaa teollisessa ympäristössä. Työ kattaa myös alkuperäiseen menetelmään tehdyt laajennukset, jotka syntyivät yhteistyössä SPICE, PROFES ja TAPISTRY projekteissa tehdyn tutkimuksen tuloksena. Tehdyt laajennukset mahdollistavat menetelmän käytön uusilla sovellusalueilla, takaavat menetelmän yhteensopivuuden alan laatu- ja sertifiointistandardien kanssa, parantavat menetelmän tehokkuutta, laajentavat menetelmän käyttöaluetta prosessin arvioinnista sisältämään myös tuotteen kehittämisen arvioinnin ja vahvistavat parantamisen seurantaa ja tukemista. Toteuttaakseen näiden uusien ominaisuuksien vaatimukset uudet BOOTSTRAP menetelmän julkistukset tarjoavat räätälöityjä ja laajennettuja mallikuvauksia arviointien tekemiseksi sekä entistä täydellisempiä lähestymistapoja arviointien suorittamiselle ja parantamiselle. Menetelmän uudet ominaisuudet mahdollistavat myös usein toistuvien arviointien suorittamisen ja jopa jatkuvan arvioinnin ohjelmisto-mittauksia hyödyntäen. Väitöskirjassa kuvataan yksityiskohtaisesti BOOTSTRAP menetelmän lähtö-kohdat ja ominaisuudet ja se kuinka menetelmä onnistuttiin kehittämään ammattimaiseen ohjelmistoprosessin arviointiin ja parantamiseen sopivaksi. Ensin kuvataan menetelmän kehittyminen ja sitten edetään alan uusien kehitystrendien ja vaatimusten esittelyyn siihen kuinka BOOTSTRAP menetelmä uudet ominaisuudet vastaavat näihin vaatimuksiin. Yhteenvedossa osoitetaan kuinka kehittämisessä onnistuttiin saamaan aikaan uusi menetelmä, joka sopii ammattimaiseen ohjelmistoprosessin arviointiin, vastaa kaikilta osin alan kehittymisen vaatimuksia, sisältää alan standardien vaatimukset täyttävät käytännössä koestetut ominaisuudet, jotka takaavat menetelmän vastaavuuden ISO 15504 standardin vaatimuksiin
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Suaide, André Luis Alarcon do Passo. "Desenvolvimento e validação de uma ferramenta computacional para mensuração das curvaturas da coluna vertebral." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-03042009-090940/.
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A coluna vertebral desempenha um papel importante no dia a dia oferecendo suporte necessário à movimentação do tronco além da locomoção do ser humano, sendo o seu funcionamento diretamente relacionado com a qualidade de vida; sua disposição e articulação das vértebras proporcionam estabilidade e flexibilidade à coluna vertebral, atributos necessários para o equilíbrio do ser humano. A hipercifose torácica, hiperlordose lombar e escoliose são as patologias posturais mais comuns e podem ser diagnosticadas pela mensuração do ângulo da curvatura da coluna vertebral. Comumente a radiografia é utilizada como método para a mensuração de tais ângulos, porém, além de ser um método caro, é altamente invasivo por causa da exposição à radiação, por isso não é aconselhado praticá-lo muitas vezes, sendo o acompanhamento do tratamento difícil de ser feito. Há diversos métodos não invasivos, porém não combinam praticidade, baixo custo e análise tridimensional da curvatura, sendo eficazes em mensurar apenas a coluna no plano sagital. Por esses motivos, para o uso clínico, o profissional de saúde necessita de um método barato, confiável, prático, que atenda suas necessidades e não invasivo para a mensuração da curvatura da coluna vertebral. O objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver e validar com a Cinemetria composto de cinco câmeras infravermelhas uma ferramenta computacional (LoB Analytics) para mensurar esse ângulos, o software terá código aberto e uso gratuito. A média de todos os ângulos obtida pela Cinemetria foi de 43,4±18,5º e pelo LoB Analytics foi de 43,9±17,7º, com uma correlação muito forte de 0,98. Foram feitas regressões lineares que confirmaram que ângulos calculados pelo LoB Analytics são tão confiáveis quanto os calculados pela Cinemetria, que é um método bastante utilizado hoje em dia. Os grandes diferenciais do LoB Analytics sobre a Cinemetria são: o seu baixo custo e a praticidade de usá-lo em laboratórios e clínicas.<br>The spine has an important role day by day offering the necessary flexibility for movement of the trunk besides support and locomotion of humans and being is directly related to the quality of life. The provision and articulation of the vertebrae are responsible for the stability and flexibility of spine attributes necessary for the balance. The thoracic hiper and hypo kyphosis, lumbar hiper and hypo lordosis and scoliosis are the most common postural pathologies and can be diagnosed by measuring the angle of the curvature of the spine. The radiographic method has been the most popular method for such measurement, however, it is an expensive method and also invasive (because its exposure to radiation), it is not the method more indicated to be used repeatedly, being the monitoring of treatment difficult to be done. There are several noninvasive methods but they do not combine practicality, low cost and three-dimensional analysis of the spine curvature, and they are effective in measuring the spine only in the sagittal plane. For these reasons, the health professional needs a method that has low cost, reliable, practical and noninvasive methods for measurement of the curvature of the spine. The goal of this work was develop and validate, with motion capture system (Cinemetria), a computational tool for this measurement (LoB Analytics), which will be free and open source. The mean of all Cinemetria angles was 43,9±18,5º and LoB Analytics angles was 43,9±17,7, with a very strong correlation coefficient of 0,98. Linear regressions confirmed that LoB Analytics angles are as reliable as those calculated by Cinemetria, which is a method widely used today. The differentials of LoB Analytics on Cinemetria are: low cost and practicality of using it in laboratories and clinics.
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Heeg, Daniela. "Spore formation and spore germination of Clostridium difficile." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.594825.
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Clostridium difficile is the major underlying cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and poses a risk for healthcare systems worldwide. Endospores produced during sporulation are widely regarded to be the infectious agent of C. difficile associated diarrhoea. These spores are able to withstand a variety of antimicrobial agents and industrial cleaning products and are therefore able to reside on surfaces in healthcare settings for prolonged periods of lime. In order to cause disease in susceptible individuals, spores need to abjure dormancy and return to vegetative cell growth through germination. Sporulation and germination have been studied extensively in Bacillus spp. Knowledge about the sporulation and germination pathways in C. difficile, however, remains incomplete. Here, forward and reverse genetics methods were employed to analyse sporulation and germination phenotypes of C. dfficile. Using forward genetics, 19 mutants with potential sporulation and/or germination phenotypes were isolated, three of which were completely deficient for sporulation. In an attempt to explore the use of transposon suicide vectors, a protocol for the successful transformation of C. difficile was developed. A reverse genetic mutant in the germination specific lytic transglycosylase Slee created by ClosTron mutagenesis was used to study spore germination in vivo. This study is the first report of the use of a germination mutant in vivo. The sporulation characteristics of 52 clinical C. difficile isolates have been analysed indicating that a variation in the rate of sporulation is not associated with molecular type. The germination characteristics of 37 clinical C. difficile isolates were examined, indicating that different isolates exhibit varying germination characteristics in response to bile salts.
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Boeckx, W. D. "Recycling spare parts." Maastricht : Maastricht : Maastricht University ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1999. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=13042.
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AHLGREN, OSKAR. "SPICE UP APQP." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-138016.
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Eke, Milton Adams. "Spore-dome actinomycetes." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292687.
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Mainetti, Gabriele. "The Herschel Space Observatory: Pipeline development and early cosmological surveys results." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427432.
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This thesis deals with al l technical and scientific issues related to the use of infrared and sub-mil limeter wavelengths in astronomy. In particular, the thesis focuses on the HerschelSpace Observatory with particular attention to one of the instruments on board, SPIRE of which the design and components wil l be described in detail. The problems related to data reduction are presented in this Thesis in the central chapters: al l phases of the pipeline data reduction wil l be described, namely the transformation of raw telemetry data in “scientific” data usable by the astronomical community. The thesis wil l then deal with the aspects linked of
analysis of these data, particularly with regard to the tools developed to analyze easily the large datasets released to the astronomical community. The scientific side of the issue wil l be discussed in the final chapters with particular attention to
the so-cal led cosmological surveys. The thesis wil l focus then on the first results obtained in one of the largest projects designed to Herschel, i.e. HerMES, and on the application of a technique known as statistical analysis of the probability
of deflection - P(D) to improve our knowledge about the number counts below the confusion limit. This thesis emphasizes, therefore, both technical aspects (with
particular attention to al l the software infrastructure) of an important mission as the Herscheland the purely scientific aspects (formation and evolution of galaxies, observational cosmology) related to astronomical observations in the infrared and sub-mil limetric bands.<br>Questa Tesi tratta tutte le problematiche tecniche e scientifiche legate all’utilizzo delle lunghezze d’onda infrarosse e sub-millimetriche in astronomia. In particolare la Tesi si focalizza sull’Osservatorio Spaziale Herschel con particolare attenzione
a uno degli strumenti a bordo, SPIRE del quale verranno descritti nel dettaglio il design e le componenti. Le problematiche legate alla riduzione dati vengono trattate in questa Tesi nei capitoli centrali nei quali si descriverà dettagliatamente il lavoro svolto in quest’ambito: verranno descritte tutte le fasi della pipeline di riduzione dati, cioè la trasformazione di dati grezzi di telemetria in dati “scien-
tifici” usabili dalla comunità astronomica. La Tesi tratterà poi gli aspetti legati all’analisi di questi dati, con particolare riguardo agli strumenti sviluppati per analizzare facilmente i grandi datasets che compongono i “prodotti” finali delle
osservazioni effettuate con Herschel. Il lato scientifico del problema verrà discusso nei capitoli finali con particolare attenzione per le cosiddette surveys cosmologiche.
La Tesi si focalizzerà quindi sui primi risultati ottenuti nell’ambito di uno dei più grandi progetti pensati per Herschel, cioè HerMES e sulle applicazioni di una tecnica statistica nota come analisi della Probabilità delle Deflessioni - P(D) per
ottenere informazioni accurate sull’andamento dei conteggi di sorgenti al di sotto del limite di confusione. Questa Tesi mette quindi in evidenza sia gli aspetti tecnici (con particolare attenzione a tutta l’infrastruttura software) di una missione im-
portante come quella di Herschel, sia gli aspetti puramente scientifici (formazione ed evoluzione delle galassie, cosmologia osservative) legati alle osservazioni astro-
nomiche nelle bande infrarosse e sub-millimetriche.
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Siddall, Daniel Jonathan. "Patient specific spine models : the development of a laboratory validation spine." Thesis, University of Hull, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396751.
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Yedjour, Belhadj Karima. "Synthèse de spiro-thiolactones et spiro-lactones par voie radicalaire : applications synthétiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10219.
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Ce travail décrit une approche générale et efficace des spiro-β-méthylène-γ-thiobutyrolactones. La stratégie utilisée s'appuie sur une étude développée précédemment dans notre laboratoire pour la synthèse des bakkénolides fonctionnalisés sur le cycle A ou sur les cycles A et B à la fois. La formation de ces spiro-thiolactones en deux étapes, repose sur une réaction de transestérification en milieu neutre, conduisant à des β-céto-thiolesters allyliques qui conduit directement aux spiro-β méthylène-γ-thiobutyrolactones de façon radicalaire, en présence du mélange Mn(OAc)3/Cu(OAc)2. A partir des β-cétoesters insaturés, il est possible de réaliser des réactions en cascades pour obtenir des composés polycycliques comportant une lactone. Le greffage de ce type de lactone insturé spiranique, en seulement deux ou trois étapes, a permis d'obtenir 9 nouveaux stéroïdes modifiés. Finalement, comme application synthétique, un analogue soufré de bakkénolide a été obtenu, (7 épi-9-acétoxyfukinanthiolide), en seulemnt 6 étapes avec un rendement global de 17%<br>This work deals with general and efficient approch of spiro-β-methylene-γ-thiobutyrolactones. The used strategy despends on a previously developed study in our laboratory concerning the synthesis of bakkenolides fonctionnalized on the cycle A or cycle A and B. The two steps formation of these spirothiolactones leads on a transesterification reaction in neutral condition to get allylic β-keto-thiolesters which permit to access directly to the spiro-β-methylene-γ-thiobutyrolactones by free radical cyclization with a mixture of Mn(OAc)3 and CU(OAC)2. From more substitued and insaturated β-keto-esters, polycyclic compounds having a lactone are obtained by cascade reactions. Grafting of this insaturated spirolactone with only two or three steps has permited to get 9 new modified steroïds. Finaly, as synthetic application, a sulfur analogue of bakkenolide (7-epi-9-acetoxyfukinanthiolide) has been obtained, by only 6 steps with 17% overyield
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Liu, Jianzhi. "A two-dimensional human spine simulation and three-dimensional spine model construction." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000329.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2001.<br>Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 114 p.; also contains graphics. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Benner, Nicole. "Explorations of the Spine." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10130722.
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Ghoreishian, Idine. "The Spiro-Helical Antenna." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36021.
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<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">A novel antenna made of a spiral wire wrapped into a larger helical shape is introduced. The geometry of this antenna, which is a doubly helical structure, is fully described by five independent parameters, including two radial dimensions, two pitch angles, and the number of turns. Radiation properties of this antenna are examined both theoretically and experimentally. The Numerical Electromagnetic Code (NEC-2) is used to obtain simulation results. A large number of cases with different radii, pitch angles, and number of turns are investigated. Results for far-field patterns, gain, axial ratio, and bandwidth are presented. The influence of parameters on radiation properties are examined. Several prototypes of the antenna were constructed and tested using an outdoor antenna range. Measured far-field patterns are presented over a wide range of frequencies. The measured and computed radiation patterns are in good agreement.</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">The results of this study indicate that the proposed antenna provides circular polarization and high gain over a wide frequency range. For example, when the number of turns is 10, a gain of 11-14 dB, a boresight axial ratio of less than 3 dB, and a half-power beamwidth of about 40 degrees are achieved over a 30% bandwidth. The side-lobe level for most cases examined is better than 10 dB below the main beam. A unique advantage of this antenna is its much smaller size compared with a conventional helical antenna made of straight wire shaped into a helix. Having about the same radiation characteristics, including gain, circular polarization, bandwidth, and side-lobe level, this new antenna occupies a volume more than 2.5 to 3 times smaller than the conventional helix. This reduction in size, which in turn may imply smaller weight and lower packaging and manufacturing costs, makes the proposed antenna very appealing to many communications and aerospace applications. </P><br>Master of Science
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Prudner, Bethany C. "SYNEMIN, THE HEARTIEST SPICE." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1383044455.
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Axelsson, Paul. "On lumbar spine stabilization." Lund : Dept. of Orthopedics, Lund University Hospital, 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38045390.html.
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Ceran, Murat. "Parametric human spine modelling." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7958.
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3-D computational modelling of the human spine provides a sophisticated and cost-effective medium for bioengineers, researchers, and ergonomics designers in order to study the biomechanical behaviour of the human spine under different loading conditions. Developing a generic parametric computational human spine model to be employed in biomechanical modelling introduces a considerable potential to reduce the complexity of implementing and amending the intricate spinal geometry. The main objective of this research is to develop a 3-D parametric human spine model generation framework based on a command file system, by which the parameters of each vertebra are read from the database system, and then modelled within commercial 3-D CAD software. A novel data acquisition and generation system was developed as a part of the framework for determining the unknown vertebral dimensions, depending on the correlations between the parameters estimated from existing anthropometrical studies in the literature. The data acquisition system embodies a predictive methodology that comprehends the relations between the features of the vertebrae by employing statistical and geometrical techniques. Relations amongst vertebral parameters such as golden ratio were investigated and successfully implemented into the algorithms. The validation of the framework was carried out by comparing the developed 3-D computational human spine models against various real life human spine data, where good agreements were achieved. The constructed versatile framework possesses the capability to be utilised as a basis for quickly and effectively developing biomechanical models of the human spine such as finite element models.
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Mihcin, Senay. "Spine modelling for lifting." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8065.
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Mathematical modelling is widely used in the field of biomechanics. The traditional approach to investigate spine related injuries is to check the strength of the components of the spine. Spinal stability approach focuses on the force polygons formed by the body weight, muscle forces, ligament forces and external load. This force polygon is expected to stay within the boundaries of the spine to ensure stability. Proving the possibility of one force polygon within the spine boundaries proves the stability of the spine. This study focuses on the full curvature of the spine for spinal stability investigations in a lifting activity. An experiment has been designed to investigate the postural differences in males and females by measuring the full spinal curvature with a skin surface device. Distributed body weight force, with increased detail of muscle and ligament forces acting on the spine have been modelled by writing a code in Visual Basic, while lifting a load from the boot of a car in the sagittal plane. This model is flexible enough to reflect changes in body weight parameter. Results show that there is a difference between male and female postures during the full span of lifting activities. Application of individual muscle forces provides greater control of stability at each vertebral level. By considering the elongation of the ligaments and the force requirements of the muscle groups, it is possible to diagnose soft tissue failure. The differences in posture result in different moment arms for muscles and ligaments causing different loading on the spine. Most critical postures have been identified as the fully flexed postures with external load acting on the spine. Conceptual design ideas have been proposed to assist lifting a load from the boot of a car to eliminate the excessive flexion and loading on the spine.
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Blom, Jonas. "Optimizing spare-parts management." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Industriell ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-28822.
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Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the study is to develop a model that will facilitate the choice of maintenance strategy within the Swedish pulp and paper industry. Without compromising system availability, the model aims to reduce inventory holding costs. Methodology: At first, a literary research was conducted to create a holistic view over the chosen topic, in time it developed into a literature framework. Secondly, a case study was conducted in order to obtain empirical data. The data were obtained through interviews and archival records. The literature framework and the empirical data were then cross-analyzed with each other. Findings: In this thesis, a model has been developed based on previously applied and accepted methods. The methods have been identified and described in order to provide a strategy in which the inventory levels- and value could be lowered. The findings indicate that the organization must seek to assign ABC-classified and VED-analyzed components different maintenance actions in order to reduce the total cost. Theoretical contribution: This thesis contributes to a methodology development regarding spare parts management. It aims to add knowledge to the existing gap regarding spare parts order point and batch size. The thesis provides a procedure in which systems including critical and expensive components are evaluated in order to assign them the appropriate maintenance. Practical relevance: The model has only been exemplified by using a system position from Stora Enso Skutskär, the numerical values are examples. The model must be tested with real values and the risk analysis must be carried out with a group of employees with great insight regarding the selected component and system position. Limitations: This thesis is delimited to spare parts management and inventory management. The study only involves one Swedish organization, whereas the organization and its spare parts management illustrates the complexity concerning spares. The model will not be verified as the focus is to highlight the research gap and to develop the model.
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Lejeune, Mathieu. "Recherches sur les flèches monumentales du XIIIe siècle dans le nord de la France : le cas de la tour sud de la cathédrale de Senlis." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL115.
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Admirée pour son architecture imposante et richement ornée, la tour sud de la cathédrale de Senlis constitue l’une des rares flèches monumentales du XIIIe siècle parvenue jusqu’à nous. Cette recherche résolument interdisciplinaire explicite le déroulement de cet ambitieux chantier, en convoquant aussi bien l’analyse historique, l’archéologie du bâti que les techniques numériques. Le surhaussement de la façade occidentale par cette tour de 80 m de haut illustre l’ambition des évêques de Senlis, désirant parachever la plus petite cathédrale du nord de la France. En reconstituant la topographie de Senlis au Moyen Âge, il est possible d’étudier précisément l’impact de la flèche sur le paysage urbain et périphérique ainsi que les phénomènes d’émulation avec les tours civiles et religieuses. Une étude archéologique enrichie par l’étude des traces d’outils précise les travaux de renforcement de la façade occidentale en prévision de la flèche. La numérisation de la tour au moyen d’un scanner laser 3D permet de l’étudier dans ses moindres détails, en proposant une analyse architecturale, géométrique, mécanique et en s’interrogeant sur les nombreuses déformations des parois. L’étude de l’abondant décor sculpté précise une datation jusqu’ici très large et articule le chantier avec le premier transept de la cathédrale, chronologiquement proche. Enfin, l’étude matérielle de la flèche explicite l’organisation du chantier de construction, en s’intéressant aux méthodes de mise en œuvre, à la mise en place des échafaudages et aux étapes successives d’édification<br>Admired for its imposing and richly ornamented architecture, the south tower of Senlis Cathedral is one of the few 13th century monumental spires that has been preserved till today. This resolutely interdisciplinary research enlightens the progress of this ambitious project, by combining historical analysis, building archaeology and digital techniques. The superelevation of the western façade of the Cathedral underlines the ambition of the bishops of Senlis, who wished to complete the smallest Cathedral in northern France. By reconstituting the topography of Senlis in the Middle Ages, it is possible to study precisely the impact of the spire on the urban and peripheral landscape as well as the phenomena of emulation with the civil and religious towers. An archaeological study enriched by the analysis of the traces of tools specifies the reinforcement work of the western facade in anticipation of the spire. The digitalization of the tower through the scanner laser 3D method allows a detailed study, proposing an architectural, geometrical, mechanical analysis and highlighting the numerous deformations of the walls. The study of the abundant sculpted decorations provides a more precise chronology than before and articulates the construction with the first transept of the Cathedral, chronologically close. Finally, the study of the materials used in the construction of the spire enlightens the organization of the construction site, focusing on the work made, the implementation of scaffoldings and the successive stages of the construction
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Fathallah, Fadi A. "Coupled spine motions, spine loading and risk of occupationally- related low back disorders /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487867541730726.
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