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1

Watters, George, and Alistair J. Hobday. "A new method for estimating the morphometric size at maturity of crabs." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, no. 3 (1998): 704–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f97-266.

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Existing techniques for estimating the morphometric size at maturity of crabs are based on assumptions that may be unnecessary. Here we demonstrate a new method of detecting changes in relative growth (or allometric) relationships and estimating morphometric size at maturity. This method involves fitting several smoothing splines to relationships between body size and claw size, selecting the "best" spline, and finding this spline's maximum second derivative. The body size where the second derivative of the best spline is maximized estimates the morphometric size at maturity. Monte Carlo simul
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2

Wang, Bin, Wenzhong Shi, and Zelang Miao. "Comparative Analysis for Robust Penalized Spline Smoothing Methods." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/642475.

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Smoothing noisy data is commonly encountered in engineering domain, and currently robust penalized regression spline models are perceived to be the most promising methods for coping with this issue, due to their flexibilities in capturing the nonlinear trends in the data and effectively alleviating the disturbance from the outliers. Against such a background, this paper conducts a thoroughly comparative analysis of two popular robust smoothing techniques, theM-type estimator andS-estimation for penalized regression splines, both of which are reelaborated starting from their origins, with their
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3

Takacs, Stefan. "Robust approximation error estimates and multigrid solvers for isogeometric multi-patch discretizations." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 28, no. 10 (2018): 1899–928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021820251850046x.

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In recent publications, the author and his coworkers have shown robust approximation error estimates for B-splines of maximum smoothness and have proposed multigrid methods based on them. These methods allow to solve the linear system arising from the discretization of a partial differential equation in Isogeometric Analysis in a single-patch setting with convergence rates that are provably robust both in the grid size and the spline degree. In real-world problems, the computational domain cannot be nicely represented by just one B-spline patch. In computer aided design, such domains are typic
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4

Derevianko, A., E. Luc-Koenig, and F. Masnou-Seeuws. "Application of B-splines in determining the eigenspectrum of diatomic molecules: robust numerical description of halo-state and Feshbach molecules." Canadian Journal of Physics 87, no. 1 (2009): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p08-075.

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The B-spline basis-set method is applied to determining the rovibrational eigenspectrum of diatomic molecules. Particular attention is paid to a challenging numerical task of an accurate and efficient description of the vibrational levels near the dissociation limit (halo-state and Feshbach molecules). Advantages of using B-splines are highlighted by comparing the performance of the method with that of the commonly used discrete-variable representation (DVR) approach. Several model cases, including the Morse potential and realistic potentials with 1/R3 and 1/R6 long-range dependence of the int
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5

M. Elgohary, Mervat, Mohamed R. Abonazel, Nahed M. Helmy, and Abeer R. Azazy. "New robust-ridge estimators for partially linear model." International Journal of Applied Mathematical Research 8, no. 2 (2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijamr.v8i2.29932.

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This paper considers the partially linear model when the explanatory variables are highly correlated as well as the dataset contains outliers. We propose new robust biased estimators for this model under these conditions. The proposed estimators combine least trimmed squares and ridge estimations, based on the spline partial residuals technique. The performance of the proposed estimators and the Speckman-spline estimator has been examined by a Monte Carlo simulation study. The results indicated that the proposed estimators are more efficient and reliable than the Speckman-spline estimator.
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6

Averbakh, Igor, and Yun-Bin Zhao. "Robust univariate spline models for interpolating interval data." Operations Research Letters 39, no. 1 (2011): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orl.2010.11.008.

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7

Zang, Yangyang, and Kaibo Wang. "Robust profile alignment based on penalised-spline smoothing." International Journal of Production Research 57, no. 10 (2018): 2966–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2018.1519263.

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8

Tauber, Clovis, Hadj Batatia, and Alain Ayache. "Robust B-spline Snakes For Ultrasound Image Segmentation." Journal of Signal Processing Systems 54, no. 1-3 (2008): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11265-008-0186-6.

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9

Shirinkam, Sara, Adel Alaeddini, and Elizabeth Gross. "Identifying the number of components in Gaussian mixture models using numerical algebraic geometry." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 19, no. 11 (2019): 2050204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498820502047.

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Using Gaussian mixture models for clustering is a statistically mature method for clustering in data science with numerous successful applications in science and engineering. The parameters for a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) are typically estimated from training data using the iterative expectation-maximization algorithm, which requires the number of Gaussian components a priori. In this study, we propose two algorithms rooted in numerical algebraic geometry (NAG), namely, an area-based algorithm and a local maxima algorithm, to identify the optimal number of components. The area-based algorit
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10

He, Baofeng, Haibo Zheng, Ruizhao Yang, and Zhaoyao Shi. "Study on the Performances of an Approximating Spline Filter Based on the ADRF Function in Surface Roughness Evaluation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020761.

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Isotropy is an important feature of an area filter in the three-dimensional surface roughness evaluation. First, the transmission characteristic deviation between the approximating spline filter and the Gaussian filter is reduced by cascading approximating. Second, the approximating spline filter is superimposed on the orthogonal direction to obtain an isotropic areal filter. Then, four direct methods for the solving approximating spline matrix are applied. Based on the profile filtering and areal filtering, the computational efficiency and accuracy are compared. The experimental results show
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11

Pan, H., and Z. Zou. "PENALIZED SPLINE: A GENERAL ROBUST TRAJECTORY MODEL FOR ZIYUAN-3 SATELLITE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 3, 2016): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-365-2016.

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Owing to the dynamic imaging system, the trajectory model plays a very important role in the geometric processing of high resolution satellite imagery. However, establishing a trajectory model is difficult when only discrete and noisy data are available. In this manuscript, we proposed a general robust trajectory model, the penalized spline model, which could fit trajectory data well and smooth noise. The penalized parameter λ controlling the smooth and fitting accuracy could be estimated by generalized cross-validation. Five other trajectory models, including third-order polynomials, Chebyshe
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12

Pan, H., and Z. Zou. "PENALIZED SPLINE: A GENERAL ROBUST TRAJECTORY MODEL FOR ZIYUAN-3 SATELLITE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 3, 2016): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-365-2016.

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Owing to the dynamic imaging system, the trajectory model plays a very important role in the geometric processing of high resolution satellite imagery. However, establishing a trajectory model is difficult when only discrete and noisy data are available. In this manuscript, we proposed a general robust trajectory model, the penalized spline model, which could fit trajectory data well and smooth noise. The penalized parameter λ controlling the smooth and fitting accuracy could be estimated by generalized cross-validation. Five other trajectory models, including third-order polynomials, Chebyshe
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13

Castano, D., and A. Kunoth. "Robust regression of scattered data with adaptive spline-wavelets." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 15, no. 6 (2006): 1621–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2006.871164.

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14

Lukas, Mark A., Frank R. de Hoog, and Robert S. Anderssen. "Efficient algorithms for robust generalized cross-validation spline smoothing." Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 235, no. 1 (2010): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2010.05.016.

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15

Feng, Long, Changliang Zou, Zhaojun Wang, Xianwu Wei, and Bin Chen. "Robust spline-based variable selection in varying coefficient model." Metrika 78, no. 1 (2014): 85–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00184-014-0491-y.

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16

Maronna, Ricardo A., and Victor J. Yohai. "Robust functional linear regression based on splines." Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 65 (September 2013): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2011.11.014.

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17

Kwon, Bo-Chul, and Dongwon Shin. "Lane Spline Generation Using Edge Detection Robust to Environmental Changes." Journal of Broadcast Engineering 17, no. 6 (2012): 1069–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2012.17.6.1069.

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18

Zhang, Hao, Jing Zhang, Jin Hua, and Yu Zhu Cheng. "A Robust Spline Filter Algorithm Based on M-Estimate Theory." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.909.

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In surface assessment, the reference line extracted using the profile filter are always distorted by freak characteristics of the scratches and peaks of the profile. In order to overcome this problem, the robust spline filter and the Gaussian regression filter were recommended by ISO standards. However, their different algorithms and different filtering characteristics lead to the different mean lines for the assessment of the same surface. A novel robust spline filter based on the M-estimate theory is developed, which possesses the same filtering characteristic as the Gaussian regression filt
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19

Dereza, A. Yu. "Robust estimations of quasi-linear spline-regression with k nodes." Kosmìčna nauka ì tehnologìâ 11, no. 1s (2005): 74–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/knit2005.01s.074.

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20

Goto, T., J. Miyakura, K. Umeda, S. Kadowaki, and K. Yanagi. "A Robust Spline Filter on the basis of L2-norm." Precision Engineering 29, no. 2 (2005): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2004.06.004.

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21

LUKAS, MARK A., FRANK R. DE HOOG, and ROBERT S. ANDERSSEN. "Performance of Robust GCV and Modified GCV for Spline Smoothing." Scandinavian Journal of Statistics 39, no. 1 (2011): 97–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9469.2011.00736.x.

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22

Cen, Zhongdi, Anbo Le, and Aimin Xu. "A Robust Spline Collocation Method for Pricing American Put Options." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1753782.

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In this paper a robust numerical method is proposed for pricing American put options. The Black-Scholes differential operator in the original form is discretized by using a quadratic spline collocation method on a piecewise uniform mesh for the spatial discretization and the implicit Euler scheme for the time discretization. The position of collocation points is chosen so that the spline difference operator satisfies the discrete maximum principle, which guarantees that the scheme is maximum-norm stable. The error estimation is derived by applying the maximum principle to the discrete linear c
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23

Alam, S. Kaisar. "Novel Spline-Based Approach for Robust Strain Estimation in Elastography." Ultrasonic Imaging 32, no. 2 (2010): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173461003200203.

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Robust strain estimation is important in elastography. However, a high signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio ( CNR) are sometimes attained by sacrificing resolution. We propose a least-squares-based smoothing-spline strain estimator that can produce elastograms with high SNR and CNR without significant loss of resolution. The proposed method improves strain-estimation quality by deemphasing displacements with lower correlation in computing strains. Results from finite-element simulation and phantom-experiment data demonstrate that the described strain estimator provides good
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24

Karczewicz, M., and M. Gabbouj. "Robust B-spline image modeling with application to image processing." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 7, no. 6 (1998): 912–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/83.679442.

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25

Cho, Hsin-Hung, Timothy K. Shih, and Han-Chieh Chao. "A Robust Coverage Scheme for UWSNs Using the Spline Function." IEEE Sensors Journal 16, no. 11 (2016): 3995–4002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2015.2429914.

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26

Milani, Lili, Mona Fredriksson, and Ann-Christine Syvänen. "Detection of Alternatively Spliced Transcripts in Leukemia Cell Lines by Minisequencing on Microarrays." Clinical Chemistry 52, no. 2 (2006): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.062042.

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Abstract Background: Recent genome-wide expression studies suggest that ∼80% of the 25 000 human genes undergo alternative splicing. Alternative splicing may be associated with human diseases, particularly with cancer, but the molecular disease mechanisms are poorly understood. Convenient, novel methods for multiplexed detection of alternatively spliced transcripts are needed. Methods: We devised a new approach for detecting splice variants based on a tag-microarray minisequencing system, originally developed for genotyping single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We established the system for multipl
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27

Ramzan, Faisal, Mehmet Gültas, Hendrik Bertram, David Cavero, and Armin Otto Schmitt. "Combining Random Forests and a Signal Detection Method Leads to the Robust Detection of Genotype-Phenotype Associations." Genes 11, no. 8 (2020): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11080892.

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Genome wide association studies (GWAS) are a well established methodology to identify genomic variants and genes that are responsible for traits of interest in all branches of the life sciences. Despite the long time this methodology has had to mature the reliable detection of genotype–phenotype associations is still a challenge for many quantitative traits mainly because of the large number of genomic loci with weak individual effects on the trait under investigation. Thus, it can be hypothesized that many genomic variants that have a small, however real, effect remain unnoticed in many GWAS
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28

Xuan, Jianhua, Yue Wang, Matthew T. Freedman, Tulay Adali, and Peter Shields. "Nonrigid Medical Image Registration by Finite-Element Deformable Sheet-Curve Models." International Journal of Biomedical Imaging 2006 (2006): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ijbi/2006/73430.

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Image-based change quantitation has been recognized as a promising tool for accurate assessment of tumor's early response to chemoprevention in cancer research. For example, various changes on breast density and vascularity in glandular tissue are the indicators of early response to treatment. Accurate extraction of glandular tissue from pre- and postcontrast magnetic resonance (MR) images requires a nonrigid registration of sequential MR images embedded with local deformations. This paper reports a newly developed registration method that aligns MR breast images using finite-element deformabl
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29

Wahl, Wilhelmsen, and Hjelme. "Addressing Challenges in Fabricating Reflection-Based Fiber Optic Interferometers." Sensors 19, no. 18 (2019): 4030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19184030.

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Fabrication of multimode fiber optic interferometers requires accurate control of certain parameters to obtain reproducible results. This paper evaluates the consequences of practical challenges in fabricating reflection-based, fiber optic interferometers by the use of theory and experiments. A guided-mode propagation approach is used to investigate the effect of the end-face cleave angle and the accuracy of the splice in core-mismatched fiber optic sensors. Cleave angles from high-end fiber cleavers give differences in optical path lengths approaching the wavelength close to the circumference
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30

Hu, Haohao, Johannes Beck, Martin Lauer, and Christoph Stiller. "Continuous Fusion of Motion Data Using an Axis-Angle Rotation Representation with Uniform B-Spline." Sensors 21, no. 15 (2021): 5004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155004.

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The fusion of motion data is key in the fields of robotic and automated driving. Most existing approaches are filter-based or pose-graph-based. By using filter-based approaches, parameters should be set very carefully and the motion data can usually only be fused in a time forward direction. Pose-graph-based approaches can fuse data in time forward and backward directions. However, pre-integration is needed by applying measurements from inertial measurement units. Additionally, both approaches only provide discrete fusion results. In this work, we address this problem and present a uniform B-s
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31

Hwang, Hae-Do, Dong-Geun Park, and Seung-Hyun Yoon. "Multilevel Editing of B-Spline Curves with Robust Orientation of Details." Symmetry 8, no. 11 (2016): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym8110121.

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32

Levina, Alla, and Sergey Taranov. "Second-Order Spline-Wavelet Robust Code under Non-Uniform Codeword Distribution." Procedia Computer Science 62 (2015): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.453.

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33

Liu, Qianqian, and Yigang He. "Robust Geman-McClure Based Nonlinear Spline Adaptive Filter Against Impulsive Noise." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 22571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2969219.

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34

Pingault, M., E. Bruno, and D. Pellerin. "A robust multiscale B-spline function decomposition for estimating motion transparency." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 12, no. 11 (2003): 1416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2003.818357.

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35

Lee, Thomas C. M., and Hee-Seok Oh. "Robust penalized regression spline fitting with application to additive mixed modeling." Computational Statistics 22, no. 1 (2007): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00180-007-0031-6.

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36

Lukas, Mark A., Frank R. de Hoog, and Robert S. Anderssen. "Practical use of robust GCV and modified GCV for spline smoothing." Computational Statistics 31, no. 1 (2015): 269–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00180-015-0577-7.

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37

Xu, Xiangyang, Hao Yang, and Boris Kargoll. "Robust and automatic modeling of tunnel structures based on terrestrial laser scanning measurement." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 11 (2019): 155014771988488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719884886.

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The terrestrial laser scanning technology is increasingly applied in the deformation monitoring of tunnel structures. However, outliers and data gaps in the terrestrial laser scanning point cloud data have a deteriorating effect on the model reconstruction. A traditional remedy is to delete the outliers in advance of the approximation, which could be time- and labor-consuming for large-scale structures. This research focuses on an outlier-resistant and intelligent method for B-spline approximation with a rank (R)-based estimator, and applies to tunnel measurements. The control points of the B-
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38

Lee, Frank Fang-Yao, Kevin Davidson, Chelsea Harris, Jazalle McClendon, William J. Janssen та Scott Alper. "NF-κB mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced alternative pre-mRNA splicing of MyD88 in mouse macrophages". Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, № 18 (2020): 6236–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra119.011495.

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Although a robust inflammatory response is needed to combat infection, this response must ultimately be terminated to prevent chronic inflammation. One mechanism that terminates inflammatory signaling is the production of alternative mRNA splice forms in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. Whereas most genes in the TLR pathway encode positive mediators of inflammatory signaling, several, including that encoding the MyD88 signaling adaptor, also produce alternative spliced mRNA isoforms that encode dominant-negative inhibitors of the response. Production of these negatively acting a
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39

Yang, Jinzhong. "The thin plate spline robust point matching (TPS-RPM) algorithm: A revisit." Pattern Recognition Letters 32, no. 7 (2011): 910–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.01.015.

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40

Kim, Chiho, Bum-Jae You, Mun-Ho Jeong, and Hagbae Kim. "Color segmentation robust to brightness variations by using B-spline curve modeling." Pattern Recognition 41, no. 1 (2008): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2007.04.011.

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41

Jiang, Wen, Chandrasekhar Annavarapu, John E. Dolbow, and Isaac Harari. "A robust Nitsche's formulation for interface problems with spline-based finite elements." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 104, no. 7 (2015): 676–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.4766.

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42

Hofreither, Clemens, and Stefan Takacs. "Robust Multigrid for Isogeometric Analysis Based on Stable Splittings of Spline Spaces." SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 55, no. 4 (2017): 2004–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/16m1085425.

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43

An, Hyonggin, and Roderick J. A. Little. "Robust Model-Based Inference for Incomplete Data via Penalized Spline Propensity Prediction." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 37, no. 9 (2008): 1718–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610910802255840.

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44

Surla, Katarina, Ljiljana Teofanov, and Zorica Uzelac. "A robust layer-resolving spline collocation method for a convection–diffusion problem." Applied Mathematics and Computation 208, no. 1 (2009): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2008.11.011.

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45

SUN, SHUSEN, ZHIGENG PAN, and TAE-WAN KIM. "BLIND WATERMARKING OF NON-UNIFORM B-SPLINE SURFACES." International Journal of Image and Graphics 08, no. 03 (2008): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467808003179.

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In this paper, we propose a watermarking scheme for non-uniform B-spline (NUBS) surface. Firstly, we first do sampling on a NUBS surface and get the sample points, then the watermark is embedded into the DCT coefficients of the sample points and the watermarked sample points are transformed back, finally the watermarked surface is reconstructed from watermarked sample points using global interpolation. A sign correlation detector is used to test for the presence of the watermark, and the original surface is not required at this stage. Experimental results show that our algorithm can preserve t
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46

Al-Rabtah, Adel, Shaher Momani, and Mohamed A. Ramadan. "Solving Linear and Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equations Using Spline Functions." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/426514.

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Suitable spline functions of polynomial form are derived and used to solve linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations. The proposed method is applicable for0<α≤1andα≥1, whereαdenotes the order of the fractional derivative in the Caputo sense. The results obtained are in good agreement with the exact analytical solutions and the numerical results presented elsewhere. Results also show that the technique introduced here is robust and easy to apply.
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47

Sun, Yue Hong, Zhao Ling Tao, Jian Xiang Wei, and De Shen Xia. "B-Spline Curve Fitting Based on Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 20-23 (January 2010): 1299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.20-23.1299.

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For fitting of ordered plane data by B-spline curve with the least squares, the genetic algorithm is generally used, accompanying the optimization on both the data parameter values and the knots to result in good robust, but easy to fall into local optimum, and without improved fitting precision by increasing the control points of the curve. So what we have done are: combining the particle swarm optimization algorithm into the B-spline curve fitting, taking full advantage of the distribution characteristic for the data, associating the data parameters with the knots, coding simultaneously the
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48

Cui, Fengkui, Yongxiang Su, Xiaoqiang Wang, Xiang Yu, Xiaolin Ruan, and Libo Liu. "Surface work-hardening optimization of cold roll-beating splines based on an improved double-response surface-satisfaction function method." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 6 (2018): 168781401878263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018782630.

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The work hardening of a spline during cold roll-beating is used as an indicator to evaluate the mechanical properties of the surface. To further optimize the work-hardening degree of a cold roll-beating spline surface, weight theory and satisfaction functions are used to improve the double-response surface-satisfaction function model. The model describes the involute spline based on the cold roll-beating speed and feed rate. The generalized reduced-order gradient method is applied to optimize the optimal combination of processing parameters. The experiments validate the optimization results of
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49

D'Urso, Pierpaolo, Luis A. García-Escudero, Livia De Giovanni, Vincenzina Vitale, and Agustín Mayo-Iscar. "Robust fuzzy clustering of time series based on B-splines." International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 136 (September 2021): 223–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2021.06.010.

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50

Koubaiti, Ouadie, Said EL Fakkoussi, Jaouad El-Mekkaoui, Hassan Moustachir, Ahmed Elkhalfi, and Catalin I. Pruncu. "The treatment of constraints due to standard boundary conditions in the context of the mixed Web-spline finite element method." Engineering Computations 38, no. 7 (2021): 2937–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-02-2020-0078.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose a new boundary condition and a web-spline basis of finite element space approximation to remedy the problems of constraints due to homogeneous and non-homogeneous; Dirichlet boundary conditions. This paper considered the two-dimensional linear elasticity equation of Navier–Lamé with the condition CAB. The latter allows to have a total insertion of the essential boundary condition in the linear system obtained; without using a numerical method as Lagrange multiplier. This study have developed mixed finite element; method using the B-splines Web-spline space. T
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