Journal articles: 'Splines with LME'

1

CHAND, A. K. B., P. VISWANATHAN, and K. M. REDDY. "TOWARDS A MORE GENERAL TYPE OF UNIVARIATE CONSTRAINED INTERPOLATION WITH FRACTAL SPLINES." Fractals 23, no. 04 (December 2015): 1550040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x15500401.

Full text

Abstract:

Recently, in [Electron. Trans. Numer. Anal. 41 (2014) 420–442] authors introduced a new class of rational cubic fractal interpolation functions with linear denominators via fractal perturbation of traditional nonrecursive rational cubic splines and investigated their basic shape preserving properties. The main goal of the current paper is to embark on univariate constrained fractal interpolation that is more general than what was considered so far. To this end, we propose some strategies for selecting the parameters of the rational fractal spline so that the interpolating curves lie strictly above or below a prescribed linear or a quadratic spline function. Approximation property of the proposed rational cubic fractal spine is broached by using the Peano kernel theorem as an interlude. The paper also provides an illustration of background theory, veined by examples.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Hall, M., and N. Friel. "Mortality Projections using Generalized Additive Models with applications to annuity values for the Irish population." Annals of Actuarial Science 5, no. 1 (November 12, 2010): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1748499510000011.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractGeneralized Additive Models (GAMs) with age, period and cohort as possible covariates are used to predict future mortality improvements for the Irish population. The GAMs considered are the 1-dimensional age + period and age + cohort models and the 2-dimensional age-period and age-cohort models. In each case thin plate regression splines are used as the smoothing functions. The generalized additive models are compared with the P-Spline (Currie et al., 2004) and Lee-Carter (Lee & Carter, 1992) models included in version 1.0 of the Continuous Mortality Investigation (CMI) library of mortality projections. Using the Root Mean Square Error to assess the accuracy of future predictions, the GAMs outperform the P-Spline and Lee-Carter models over intervals of 25 and 35 years in the age range 60 to 90. The GAMs allow intuitively simple models of mortality to be specified whilst also providing the flexibility to model complex relationships between the covariates. The majority of morality improvements derived from the projections of future Irish mortality yield annuity values at ages 60, 65, 70 and 80 in 2007 in the range of annuity values calculated, assuming a 2 to 4 percent annual compound improvement in mortality rates for both males and females.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Lord, Marilyn. "Curve and Surface Representation by Iterative B-Spline Fit to a Data Point Set." Engineering in Medicine 16, no. 1 (January 1987): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/emed_jour_1987_016_008_02.

Full text

Abstract:

The method of B-splines provides a very powerful way of representing curves and curved surfaces. The definition is ideally suited to applications in Computer Aided Design (CAD) where the designer is required to remodel the surface by reference to interactive graphics. This particular facility can be advantageous in CAD of body support surfaces, such as design of sockets of limb prostheses, shoe insoles, and custom seating. The B-spline surface is defined by a polygon of control points which in general do not lie on the surface, but which form a convex hull enclosing the surface. Each control point can be adjusted to remodel the surface locally. The resultant curves are well behaved. However, in these biomedical applications the original surface prior to modification is usually defined by a limited set of point measurements from the body segment in question. Thus there is a need initially to define a B-spline surface which interpolates this set of data points. In this paper, a computer-iterative method of fitting a B-spline surface to a given set of data points is outlined, and the technique is demonstrated for a curve. Extension to a surface is conceptually straightforward.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Cizdziel, P. E., M. de Mars, and E. C. Murphy. "Exploitation of a thermosensitive splicing event to study pre-mRNA splicing in vivo." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 4 (April 1988): 1558–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.4.1558.

Full text

Abstract:

The spliced form of MuSVts110 viral RNA is approximately 20-fold more abundant at growth temperatures of 33 degrees C or lower than at 37 to 41 degrees C. This difference is due to changes in the efficiency of MuSVts110 RNA splicing rather than selective thermolability of the spliced species at 37 to 41 degrees C or general thermosensitivity of RNA splicing in MuSVts110-infected cells. Moreover, RNA transcribed from MuSVts110 DNA introduced into a variety of cell lines is spliced in a temperature-sensitive fashion, suggesting that the structure of the viral RNA controls the efficiency of the event. We exploited this novel splicing event to study the cleavage and ligation events during splicing in vivo. No spliced viral mRNA or splicing intermediates were observed in MuSVts110-infected cells (6m2 cells) at 39 degrees C. However, after a short (about 30-min) lag following a shift to 33 degrees C, viral pre-mRNA cleaved at the 5' splice site began to accumulate. Ligated exons were not detected until about 60 min following the initial detection of cleavage at the 5' splice site, suggesting that these two splicing reactions did not occur concurrently. Splicing of viral RNA in the MuSVts110 revertant 54-5A4, which lacks the sequence -AG/TGT- at the usual 3' splice site, was studied. Cleavage at the 5' splice site in the revertant viral RNA proceeded in a temperature-sensitive fashion. No novel cryptic 3' splice sites were activated; however, splicing at an alternate upstream 3' splice site used at low efficiency in normal MuSVts110 RNA was increased to a level close to that of 5'-splice-site cleavage in the revertant viral RNA. Increased splicing at this site in 54-5A4 viral RNA is probably driven by the unavailability of the usual 3' splice site for exon ligation. The thermosensitivity of this alternate splice event suggests that the sequences governing the thermodependence of MuSVts110 RNA splicing do not involve any particular 3' splice site or branch point sequence, but rather lie near the 5' end of the intron.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Cizdziel, P. E., M. de Mars, and E. C. Murphy. "Exploitation of a thermosensitive splicing event to study pre-mRNA splicing in vivo." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 4 (April 1988): 1558–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.4.1558-1569.1988.

Full text

Abstract:

The spliced form of MuSVts110 viral RNA is approximately 20-fold more abundant at growth temperatures of 33 degrees C or lower than at 37 to 41 degrees C. This difference is due to changes in the efficiency of MuSVts110 RNA splicing rather than selective thermolability of the spliced species at 37 to 41 degrees C or general thermosensitivity of RNA splicing in MuSVts110-infected cells. Moreover, RNA transcribed from MuSVts110 DNA introduced into a variety of cell lines is spliced in a temperature-sensitive fashion, suggesting that the structure of the viral RNA controls the efficiency of the event. We exploited this novel splicing event to study the cleavage and ligation events during splicing in vivo. No spliced viral mRNA or splicing intermediates were observed in MuSVts110-infected cells (6m2 cells) at 39 degrees C. However, after a short (about 30-min) lag following a shift to 33 degrees C, viral pre-mRNA cleaved at the 5' splice site began to accumulate. Ligated exons were not detected until about 60 min following the initial detection of cleavage at the 5' splice site, suggesting that these two splicing reactions did not occur concurrently. Splicing of viral RNA in the MuSVts110 revertant 54-5A4, which lacks the sequence -AG/TGT- at the usual 3' splice site, was studied. Cleavage at the 5' splice site in the revertant viral RNA proceeded in a temperature-sensitive fashion. No novel cryptic 3' splice sites were activated; however, splicing at an alternate upstream 3' splice site used at low efficiency in normal MuSVts110 RNA was increased to a level close to that of 5'-splice-site cleavage in the revertant viral RNA. Increased splicing at this site in 54-5A4 viral RNA is probably driven by the unavailability of the usual 3' splice site for exon ligation. The thermosensitivity of this alternate splice event suggests that the sequences governing the thermodependence of MuSVts110 RNA splicing do not involve any particular 3' splice site or branch point sequence, but rather lie near the 5' end of the intron.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Pobegailo, A. P. "Construction of spline curves on smooth manifolds by action of Lie groups." LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics 18, no. 1 (2015): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s1461157014000473.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractPolynomials for blending parametric curves in Lie groups are defined. Properties of these polynomials are proved. Blending parametric curves in Lie groups with these polynomials is considered. Then application of the proposed technique to construction of spline curves on smooth manifolds is presented. As an example, construction of spherical spline curves using the proposed approach is depicted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Padhan, Rudra Narayan, and K. C. Pati. "Splints of root systems of basic Lie superalgebras." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1194 (April 2019): 012085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1194/1/012085.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Lyakhovsky, V. D., A. A. Nazarov, and P. I. Kakin. "Splints of root systems for special Lie subalgebras." Theoretical and Mathematical Physics 185, no. 1 (October 2015): 1471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11232-015-0356-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

De Concini, C., C. Procesi, and M. Vergne. "Box splines and the equivariant index theorem." Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu 12, no. 3 (June 1, 2012): 503–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474748012000734.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractIn this article, we begin by recalling the inversion formula for the convolution with the box spline. The equivariant cohomology and the equivariant $K$-theory with respect to a compact torus $G$ of various spaces associated to a linear action of $G$ in a vector space $M$ can both be described using some vector spaces of distributions, on the dual of the group $G$ or on the dual of its Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. The morphism from $K$-theory to cohomology is analyzed, and multiplication by the Todd class is shown to correspond to the operator (deconvolution) inverting the semi-discrete convolution with a box spline. Finally, the multiplicities of the index of a $G$-transversally elliptic operator on $M$ are determined using the infinitesimal index of the symbol.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Sommer, Hannes, James Richard Forbes, Roland Siegwart, and Paul Furgale. "Continuous-Time Estimation of Attitude Using B-Splines on Lie Groups." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 39, no. 2 (February 2016): 242–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.g001149.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Goodman, T. N. T., S. L. Lee, and A. Sharma. "Approximation and interpolation by complex splines on the torus." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 32, no. 2 (June 1989): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091500028601.

Full text

Abstract:

Let T2 = {(eix1, eix2):0 ≦ xj<2π, j=1,2} be a two dimensional torus and r, s, t and k be positive integers with k>r+s+t–2. Our main object is to study the approximation and interpolation properties of a class of smooth functions whose restrictions to each triangle of a three direction mesh lie in the linear span of or 0≦μ≦r–1, r+s–l≦μ+ν≦r+s+t–2, or 0≦ν≦s–1, r+s–1≦μ+ν≦r+s+t–2} Where (z1, z2) ∈ T2.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Bernstein, Swanhild, Svend Ebert, and Isaac Z. Pesenson. "Generalized Splines for Radon Transform on Compact Lie Groups with Applications to Crystallography." Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications 19, no. 1 (August 3, 2012): 140–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00041-012-9241-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Maekawa, T., and J. Chalfant. "Design and Tessellation of B-Spline Developable Surfaces." Journal of Mechanical Design 120, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829173.

Full text

Abstract:

Developable surfaces are widely used in various engineering applications. However, little attention has been paid to implementing developable surfaces from the onset of a design. The first half of the paper describes a user friendly method of designing developable surfaces in terms of a B-Spline representation whose two directrices lie on parallel planes. The second half of the paper investigates a new method for development and tessellation of such B-Spline developable surfaces, which is necessary for plate cutting and finite element analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Gary, G. Allen, Qiang Hu, and Jong Kwan Lee. "Coronal Loop Mapping to Infer the Best Magnetic Field Models for Active Region Prominences." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 8, S300 (June 2013): 416–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921313011344.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis article comments on the results of a new, rapid, and flexible manual method to map on-disk individual coronal loops of a two-dimensional EUV image into the three-dimensional coronal loops. The method by Gary, Hu, and Lee (2013) employs cubic Bézier splines to map coronal loops using only four free parameters per loop. A set of 2D splines for coronal loops is transformed to the best 3D pseudo-magnetic field lines for a particular coronal model. The results restrict the magnetic field models derived from extrapolations of magnetograms to those admissible and inadmissible via a fitness parameter. This method uses the minimization of the misalignment angles between the magnetic field model and the best set of 3D field lines that match a set of closed coronal loops. We comment on the implication of the fitness parameter in connection with the magnetic free energy and comment on extensions of our earlier work by considering the issues of employing open coronal loops or employing partial coronal loop.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Ying, Shihui, Yuanwei Wang, Zhijie Wen, and Yuping Lin. "Nonlinear 2D shape registration via thin-plate spline and Lie group representation." Neurocomputing 195 (June 2016): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2015.07.144.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Ma, Zi Qin, Wu Yang, Da Li Kang, and Ren Zhang. "Decomposition with LMD of Mechanical Fault Signals Based on LabVIEW." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 1133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.1133.

Full text

Abstract:

The local mean decomposition is able to diagnosis non-stationary signals in mechanical fault, and it has important theoretical meaning and practical value. This paper first introduces the method of local mean decomposition, and then proposes the improved LMD. The improved LMD uses cubic spline interpolation to get the local mean function and envelope estimation function. What’s more, the simulated signal is analyzed by this algorithm with the LabVIEW virtual instrument development platform. The result shows that the computation efficiency of the improved LMD is obviously higher than that of the original. Finally this paper uses improved LMD analyze the rolling bearing with out-race fault, and the result conforms to the reality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

BARNES, DONALD W. "ON LEVI’S THEOREM FOR LEIBNIZ ALGEBRAS." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 86, no. 2 (November 30, 2011): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972711002954.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractA Lie algebra over a field of characteristic 0 splits over its soluble radical and all complements are conjugate. I show that the splitting theorem extends to Leibniz algebras but that the conjugacy theorem does not.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Hassan, Hassan F. "Enhancement the sensitivity of humidity sensor based on an agarose infiltration reflection-type photonic crystal fiber interferometer." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 15, no. 35 (October 2, 2018): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v15i35.56.

Full text

Abstract:

Photonic Crystal Fiber Interferometers (PCFIs) are widely used for sensing applications. This work presents the fabrication and study the characterization of a relative humidity sensor based on a polymer-infiltrated photonic crystal fiber that operates in a Mach- Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) reflection mode. The fabrication of the sensor only involves splicing and cleaving Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) with Single Mode Fiber (SMF). A stub of (LMA-10) PCF spliced to SMF (Corning-28). In the splice regions. The PCFI sensor operation based on the adsorption and desorption of water vapour at the silica-air interface within the PCF. The sensor shows a high sensitivity to RH variations from (27% RH - 95% RH), with a change in its reflected power and the position of the interference peaks is found to be shifted that the interference pattern with a 100 nm span can be observed with high humidity sensitivity of (8.49 pm / %RH) is achieved with compact (4mm) PCF length . The sensor has the advantages for suitable for monitoring humidity in microenvironments. The repeatability, long-term stability, measurement accuracy. Wide humidity range. The response time of the sensor is found to be 1.4 sec for a change in RH of 50 %RH. The fast response time suggests that the sensor can potentially be used as a human breath rate monitor in a clinical situation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Verpaalen, Valentine D., Daniel D. Lewis, and Erin G. Porter. "Use of combined transarticular pinning and external skeletal fixation for the reduction and stabilization of multiple metatarsophalangeal luxations in a cat." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 6, no. 1 (January 2020): 205511692090446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055116920904465.

Full text

Abstract:

Case summary A 1-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat presented for evaluation of a non-weight bearing right pelvic limb lameness after falling from a 4 m height. On orthopedic examination there was substantial swelling and pain on manipulation of the right pes. Radiographs were obtained under sedation, and these revealed dorsoproximal luxations of the third, fourth and fifth metatarsophalangeal joints, and lateral rotation of the second digit. Closed manual reduction under sedation was unsuccessful and open reduction under general anesthesia was therefore performed. Combined transarticular pinning and external skeletal fixation were performed to maintain reduction of the third and fourth digits. Marked postoperative swelling of the distal pes and internal rotation of the third and fourth digits were noted within 24 h of surgery. Three weeks postoperatively, the cat had a persistent weight bearing right pelvic limb lameness and minor pin tract inflammation. All implants were removed and the limb was splinted for 1 week. Internal rotation and pin tract inflammation had resolved at the time of splint removal, and the lameness resolved within 6 weeks of surgery. The cat was not lame, but radiographs revealed mild-to-moderate degenerative osteoarthrosis when the cat was evaluated 6 months after surgery. Relevance and novel information There are limited reports describing metatarsophalangeal luxations in cats. Although several surgical techniques have been advocated, specific outcomes in clinical cases have not been reported. This report describes the clinical application and outcome of combined transarticular pinning and external skeletal fixation for the management of multiple metatarsophalangeal luxations in a cat.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

BALACHANDRAN, A. P., and S. KÜRKÇÜOǦLU. "TOPOLOGY CHANGE FOR FUZZY PHYSICS: FUZZY SPACES AS HOPF ALGEBRAS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 19, no. 20 (August 10, 2004): 3395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x04019810.

Full text

Abstract:

Fuzzy spaces are obtained by quantizing adjoint orbits of compact semi-simple Lie groups. Fuzzy spheres emerge from quantizing S2and are associated with the group SU (2) in this manner. They are useful for regularizing quantum field theories and modeling space–times by noncommutative manifolds. We show that fuzzy spaces are Hopf algebras and in fact have more structure than the latter. They are thus candidates for quantum symmetries. Using their generalized Hopf algebraic structures, we can also model processes where one fuzzy space splits into several fuzzy spaces. For example we can discuss the quantum transition where the fuzzy sphere for angular momentum J splits into fuzzy spheres for angular momenta K and L.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Kim, Mi-Jeong, Seungok Lee, Dong Wook Jekarl, Hyojin Chae, Myungshin Kim, Hae-Ok Jung, and Doo Soo Jeon. "Clinical Presentation with High Penetrance in a Korean Family with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with a BMPR2 Intron 3 Splice Site Pathogenic Variant." Laboratory Medicine Online 8, no. 3 (2018): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3343/lmo.2018.8.3.119.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

ARBULU, MARIO, and CARLOS BALAGUER. "REAL-TIME GAIT PLANNING FOR THE HUMANOID ROBOT Rh-1 USING THE LOCAL AXIS GAIT ALGORITHM." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 06, no. 01 (March 2009): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843609001681.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents the 3D foot and center of gravity motion planning for the humanoid robot called the "local axis gait" (LAG) algorithm. It permits walking on different kinds of surfaces, such as planes, ramps or stairs. Furthermore, continuous change of the step length and orientation in real time will be possible, due to the real-time linear dynamics model of the walking pattern of the humanoid. The robot model is based on the cart table formulation for planning the center of gravity (COG) and zero moment point (ZMP) motion. The proposed algorithm takes into account physical robot constraints such as joint angles, angular velocity and torques. Torques are computed by the Lagrange method under screws and Lie groups. The LAG is divided into several stages: computation of the footprints; the decision of the ZMP limits around the footprints; the dynamic humanoid COG motion generation based on the cart table model; and joining the footprints of the swing foot by splines. In this way it is possible to generate each step online, using the desired footprints as input. In order to compute the joint torque limits, the Lagrangian method is used under the Lie groups and screw theory. The paper presents and discusses some successful results on the LAG in the full-size humanoid robot Rh-1 developed in the Roboticslab of University Carlos III of Madrid.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Li, Yongbo, Xihui Liang, Yuantao Yang, Minqiang Xu, and Wenhu Huang. "Early Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery by Combining Differential Rational Spline-Based LMD and K–L Divergence." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 66, no. 11 (November 2017): 3077–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2017.2664599.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Fan, Qian, and Yiqun Zhu. "A novel GNSS deformation feature extraction method based on ensemble improved LMD threshold denoising." Journal of Applied Geodesy 14, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jag-2020-0039.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractIn order to solve the problem that the moving span of basic local mean decomposition (LMD) method is difficult to choose reasonably, an improved LMD method (ILMD), which uses three cubic spline interpolation to replace the sliding average, is proposed. On this basis, with the help of noise aided calculation, an ensemble improved LMD method (EILMD) is proposed to effectively solve the modal aliasing problem in original LMD. On the basis of using EILMD to effectively decompose the data of GNSS deformation monitoring series, GNSS deformation feature extraction model based on EILMD threshold denoising is given by means of wavelet soft threshold processing mode and threshold setting method in empirical mode decomposition denoising. Through the analysis of simulated data and the actual GNSS monitoring data in the mining area, the results show that denoising effect of the proposed method is better than EILMD, ILMD and LMD direct coercive denoising methods. It is also better than wavelet analysis denoising method, and has good adaptability. This fully demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method in GNSS feature extraction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Tang, Rongying, Debra O. Prosser, and Donald R. Love. "Evaluation of Bioinformatic Programmes for the Analysis of Variants within Splice Site Consensus Regions." Advances in Bioinformatics 2016 (May 24, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5614058.

Full text

Abstract:

The increasing diagnostic use of gene sequencing has led to an expanding dataset of novel variants that lie within consensus splice junctions. The challenge for diagnostic laboratories is the evaluation of these variants in order to determine if they affect splicing or are merely benign. A common evaluation strategy is to use in silico analysis, and it is here that a number of programmes are available online; however, currently, there are no consensus guidelines on the selection of programmes or protocols to interpret the prediction results. Using a collection of 222 pathogenic mutations and 50 benign polymorphisms, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of four in silico programmes in predicting the effect of each variant on splicing. The programmes comprised Human Splice Finder (HSF), Max Entropy Scan (MES), NNSplice, and ASSP. The MES and ASSP programmes gave the highest performance based on Receiver Operator Curve analysis, with an optimal cut-off of score reduction of 10%. The study also showed that the sensitivity of prediction is affected by the level of conservation of individual positions, with in silico predictions for variants at positions -4 and +7 within consensus splice sites being largely uninformative.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Arshad, Salman, Bo Kong, Alan Kerstein, and Michael Oevermann. "A strategy for large-scale scalar advection in large eddy simulations that use the linear eddy sub-grid mixing model." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 28, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 2463–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-09-2017-0387.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeThe purpose of this numerical work is to present and test a new approach for large-scale scalar advection (splicing) in large eddy simulations (LES) that use the linear eddy sub-grid mixing model (LEM) called the LES-LEM.Design/methodology/approachThe new splicing strategy is based on an ordered flux of spliced LEM segments. The principle is that low-flux segments have less momentum than high-flux segments and, therefore, are displaced less than high-flux segments. This strategy affects the order of both inflowing and outflowing LEM segments of an LES cell. The new splicing approach is implemented in a pressure-based fluid solver and tested by simulation of passive scalar transport in a co-flowing turbulent rectangular jet, instead of combustion simulation, to perform an isolated investigation of splicing. Comparison of the new splicing with a previous splicing approach is also done.FindingsThe simulation results show that the velocity statistics and passive scalar mixing are correctly predicted using the new splicing approach for the LES-LEM. It is argued that modeling of large-scale advection in the LES-LEM via splicing is reasonable, and the new splicing approach potentially captures the physics better than the old approach. The standard LES sub-grid mixing models do not represent turbulent mixing in a proper way because they do not adequately represent molecular diffusion processes and counter gradient effects. Scalar mixing in turbulent flow consists of two different processes, i.e. turbulent mixing that increases the interface between unmixed species and molecular diffusion. It is crucial to model these two processes individually at their respective time scales. The LEM explicitly includes both of these processes and has been used successfully as a sub-grid scalar mixing model (McMurtry et al., 1992; Sone and Menon, 2003). Here, the turbulent mixing capabilities of the LES-LEM with a modified splicing treatment are examined.Originality/valueThe splicing strategy proposed for the LES-LEM is original and has not been investigated before. Also, it is the first LES-LEM implementation using unstructured grids.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Wu, Zhipei, Jili Rong, Cheng Liu, Zhichao Liu, Wenjing Shi, Pengfei Xin, and Weijie Li. "Dynamic Analysis of Spatial Truss Structures Including Sliding Joint Based on the Geometrically Exact Beam Theory and Isogeometric Analysis." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041231.

Full text

Abstract:

With increasing of the size of spatial truss structures, the beam component will be subjected to the overall motion with large deformation. Based on the local frame approach and the geometrically exact beam theory, a beam finite element, which can effectively reduce the rotational nonlinearity and is appropriate for finite motion and deformation issues, is developed. Dynamic equations are derived in the Lie group framework. To obtain the symmetric Jacobian matrix of internal forces, the linearization operation is conducted based on the previously converged configuration. The iteration matrix corresponding to the rotational parameters, including the Jacobian matrix of inertial and internal forces in the initial configuration, can be maintained in the simulation, which drastically improves the computational efficiency. Based on the Lagrangian multiplier method, the constraint equation and its Jacobian matrix of sliding joint are derived. Furthermore, the isogeometric analysis (IGA) based on the non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) basis functions, is adopted to interpolate the displacement and rotation fields separately. Finally, three dynamic numerical examples including a deployment dynamic analysis of spatial truss structure are conducted to verify the availability and the applicability of the proposed formulation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Murakami, Hitoshi. "QuantumSO(3)-invariants dominate theSU(2)-invariant of Casson and Walker." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 117, no. 2 (March 1995): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100073084.

Full text

Abstract:

For a compact Lie groupG, E. Witten proposed topological invariants of a threemanifold (quantumG-invariants) in 1988 by using the Chern-Simons functional and the Feynman path integral [30]. See also [2]. N. Yu. Reshetikhin and V. G. Turaev gave a mathematical proof of existence of such invariants forG=SU(2) [28]. R. Kirby and P. Melvin found that the quantumSU(2)-invariantassociated toq= exp(2π √ − 1/r) withrodd splits into the product of the quantumSO(3)-invariantand[15]. For other approaches to these invariants, see [3, 4, 5, 16, 22, 27].

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Kulanuwat, Lattawit, Chantana Chantrapornchai, Montri Maleewong, Papis Wongchaisuwat, Supaluk Wimala, Kanoksri Sarinnapakorn, and Surajate Boonya-aroonnet. "Anomaly Detection Using a Sliding Window Technique and Data Imputation with Machine Learning for Hydrological Time Series." Water 13, no. 13 (July 3, 2021): 1862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131862.

Full text

Abstract:

Water level data obtained from telemetry stations typically contains large number of outliers. Anomaly detection and a data imputation are necessary steps in a data monitoring system. Anomaly data can be detected if its values lie outside of a normal pattern distribution. We developed a median-based statistical outlier detection approach using a sliding window technique. In order to fill anomalies, various interpolation techniques were considered. Our proposed framework exhibited promising results after evaluating with F1-score and root mean square error (RMSE) based on our artificially induced data points. The present system can also be easily applied to various patterns of hydrological time series with diverse choices of internal methods and fine-tuned parameters. Specifically, the Spline interpolation method yielded a superior performance on non-cyclical data while the long short-term memory (LSTM) outperformed other interpolation methods on a distinct tidal data pattern.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Čap, Andreas, and Tomáš Salač. "Parabolic conformally symplectic structures I; definition and distinguished connections." Forum Mathematicum 30, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 733–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/forum-2017-0018.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractWe introduce a class of first order G-structures, each of which has an underlying almost conformally symplectic structure. There is one such structure for each real simple Lie algebra which is not of type {C_{n}} and admits a contact grading. We show that a structure of each of these types on a smooth manifold M determines a canonical compatible linear connection on the tangent bundle {\mathrm{TM}}. This connection is characterized by a normalization condition on its torsion. The algebraic background for this result is proved using Kostant’s theorem on Lie algebra cohomology. For each type, we give an explicit description of both the geometric structure and the normalization condition. In particular, the torsion of the canonical connection naturally splits into two components, one of which is exactly the obstruction to the underlying structure being conformally symplectic. This article is the first in a series aiming at a construction of differential complexes naturally associated to these geometric structures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Zhang, Yu, Zhuoyou Fan, Xiaorong Gao, and Lin Luo. "A Fault Diagnosis Method of Train Wheelset Rolling Bearing Combined with Improved LMD and FK." Journal of Sensors 2019 (December 4, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6207847.

Full text

Abstract:

Trackside acoustic signals contain intense noise and nonstationary features even after Doppler distortion correction. Information on bearing defects in these signals is either weak or heavily attenuated. Thus, an improved compound interpolation envelope local mean decomposition (ICIE LMD) method combined with a fast kurtogram (FK) is proposed for wheelset bearings. In this methodology, cubic Hermite interpolation and cubic spline interpolation are employed to find the envelope of the extremal points in the ICIE LMD algorithm to improve accuracy and decrease the computing time of the decomposed signal component. An FK is sensitive to the impact signal and extracts the fault impact features efficiently. In the application, the proposed method uses ICIE LMD to decompose the multicomponent signal into several specific single product function (PF) components. The kurtosis index of the PF is calculated to select the component which contains the most fault information. Then, the selected component of PF is filtered by FK. Finally, the squared envelope spectrum is used to obtain the fault frequency and identify the fault location. The advantages of the ICIE LMD method are verified by simulation analysis. In the application, the results show that the proposed method efficiently extracts the fault features and enhances the target characteristics of the sound signals from a trackside microphone array. Furthermore, the influence of rotating frequency on locating the fault is reduced.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Garde, Swapnil S., Pranab J. Bhattacharyya, Mohammad Ghaznavi Idris, Romar Dabu, and Gautam Hazarika. "Study to establish genetic association of cardiac conduction defect in Indian patients undergoing pacemaker implantation." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 8, no. 9 (August 21, 2021): 1343. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20213171.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The aim was to study the genetic association of cardiac conduction defects (CCDs) by evaluating single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in genes of SCN1B and KCNJ2 and to evaluate baseline characteristics between cases and controls.Methods: Case group consisted of 81 individuals with diagnosis of conduction disturbances who underwent permanent pacemaker implantation. The control group consisted of 79 unrelated individuals above 18 years of age of the local population not having a present or past personal or family history (first degree relatives) of any cardiac ailment especially CCDs. Isolation of genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from all samples was done, genomic DNA was checked to ensure the presence of intact DNA.Results: SCN1B: SNP rs55742440 had no bearing on the protein except in producing a splice variant. SNP rs67701503 does not lie in the splice-site region, thus not having any significance in the regulation of the gene as well. NetGene2 analysis of SNP rs67486287 negates its presence in the splice site. KCNJ2:SNP rs199473653 leads to a missense amino acid change, resulting in homozygous GG variant found in almost equal frequency in both groups. SNP rs199473653 gene has not been reported as a disease causing mutation.Conclusions: The alteration of nucleotide in SCN1B intron (SNP rs55742440, rs67701503, rs67486287) between cases and controls was found to have no odds of affecting the outcome of CCD. There was no variation or alteration in nucleotide bases of KCNJ2 (SNP rs786205813, rs199473653) between the groups.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Liao, Lida, Bin Huang, Qi Tan, Kan Huang, Mei Ma, and Kang Zhang. "Development of an Improved LMD Method for the Low-Frequency Elements Extraction from Turbine Noise Background." Energies 13, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040805.

Full text

Abstract:

Given the prejudicial environmental effects of fossil-fuel based energy production, renewable energy sources can contribute significantly to the sustainability of human society. As a clean, cost effective and inexhaustible renewable energy source, wind energy harvesting has found a wide application to replace conventional energy productions. However, concerns have been raised over the noise generated by turbine operating, which is helpful in fault diagnose but primarily identified for its adverse effects on the local ecosystems. Therefore, noise monitoring and separation is essential in wind turbine deployment. Recent developments in condition monitoring provide a solution for turbine noise and vibration analysis. However, the major component, aerodynamic noise is often distorted in modulation, which consequently affects the condition monitoring. This study is conducted to explore a novel approach to extract low-frequency elements from the aerodynamic noise background, and to improve the efficiency of online monitoring. A framework built on the spline envelope method and improved local mean decomposition has been developed for low-frequency noise extraction, and a case study with real near-field noises generated by a mountain-located wind turbine was employed to validate the proposed approach. Results indicate successful extractions with high resolution and efficiency. Findings of this research are also expected to further support the fault diagnosis and the improvement in condition monitoring of turbine systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Wagner, Nicole, Johannes Schmitt, and Georg Krohne. "Two novel LEM-domain proteins are splice products of the annotated Drosophila melanogaster gene CG9424 (Bocksbeutel)." European Journal of Cell Biology 82, no. 12 (January 2004): 605–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0171-9335-00350.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Chomaz, J. M., P. Bonneton, and E. J. Hopfinger. "The structure of the near wake of a sphere moving horizontally in a stratified fluid." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 254 (September 1993): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112093002009.

Full text

Abstract:

We present experimental results for the wake structure of spheres moving in homogeneous and stratified fluid. In homogeneous fluid, the results of Kim & Durbin (1988) are confirmed and it is shown that the two characteristic frequencies of the wake correspond to two instability modes, the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and a spiral instability. For the stratified wake four general regimes have been identified, depending principally on the Froude number F. For F > 4.5 the near wake is similar to the homogeneous case, and for F < 0.8 it corresponds to a triple-layer flow with two lee waves, of amplitude linear in F, surrounding a layer dominated by quasi-two-dimensional motion. Froude numbers close to one (F∈]0.8, 1.5[) give rise to a saturated lee wave of amplitude equal to half the sphere radius, which suppresses the separation region or splits it into two. Between F = 1.5 and 4.5 a more complex regime exists where the wake recovers progressively its behaviour in homogeneous fluid: the axisymmetry of the recirculating zone, the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and, finally, the spiral instability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Casadei, Silvia, Suleyman Gulsuner, Brian H. Shirts, Jessica B. Mandell, Hannah M. Kortbawi, Barbara S. Norquist, Elizabeth M. Swisher, et al. "Characterization of splice-altering mutations in inherited predisposition to cancer." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 52 (December 16, 2019): 26798–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915608116.

Full text

Abstract:

Mutations responsible for inherited disease may act by disrupting normal transcriptional splicing. Such mutations can be difficult to detect, and their effects difficult to characterize, because many lie deep within exons or introns where they may alter splice enhancers or silencers or introduce new splice acceptors or donors. Multiple mutation-specific and genome-wide approaches have been developed to evaluate these classes of mutations. We introduce a complementary experimental approach, cBROCA, which yields qualitative and quantitative assessments of the effects of genomic mutations on transcriptional splicing of tumor suppressor genes. cBROCA analysis is undertaken by deriving complementary DNA (cDNA) from puromycin-treated patient lymphoblasts, hybridizing the cDNA to the BROCA panel of tumor suppressor genes, and then multiplex sequencing to very high coverage. At each splice junction suggested by split sequencing reads, read depths of test and control samples are compared. Significant Z scores indicate altered transcripts, over and above naturally occurring minor transcripts, and comparisons of read depths indicate relative abundances of mutant and normal transcripts. BROCA analysis of genomic DNA suggested 120 rare mutations from 150 families with cancers of the breast, ovary, uterus, or colon, in >600 informative genotyped relatives. cBROCA analysis of their transcripts revealed a wide variety of consequences of abnormal splicing in tumor suppressor genes, including whole or partial exon skipping, exonification of intronic sequence, loss or gain of exonic and intronic splicing enhancers and silencers, complete intron retention, hypomorphic alleles, and combinations of these alterations. Combined with pedigree analysis, cBROCA sequencing contributes to understanding the clinical consequences of rare inherited mutations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

MEIK, JESSE M., A. MICHELLE LAWING, and JESSICA A. WATSON. "Use of scalation landmarks in geometric morphometrics of squamate reptiles: a comment on homology." Zootaxa 4816, no. 3 (July 17, 2020): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.12.

Full text

Abstract:

Geometric morphometrics (GM) is a powerful analytical approach for evaluating phenotypic variation relevant to taxonomy and systematics, and as with any statistical methodology, requires adherence to fundamental assumptions for inferences to be strictly valid. An important consideration for GM is how landmark configurations, which represent sets of anatomical loci for evaluating shape variation through Cartesian coordinates, relate to underlying homology (Zelditch et al. 1995; Polly 2008). Perhaps more so than with traditional morphometrics, anatomical homology is a crucial assumption for GM because of the mathematical and biological interpretations associated with shape change depicted by deformation grids, such as the thin plate spline (Klingenberg 2008; Zelditch et al. 2012). GM approaches are often used to analyze shapes or outlines of structures, which are not necessarily related to common ancestry, and in this respect GM approaches that use linear semi-landmarks and related methods are particularly amenable to evaluating primary homology, or raw similarity between structures (De Pinna 1991; Palci & Lee 2019). This relaxed interpretation of homology that focuses more on recognizable and repeatable landmarks is defensible so long as authors are clear regarding the purpose of the analyses and in defining their landmark configurations (Palci & Lee 2019). Secondary homology, or similarity due to common ancestry, can also be represented with GM methods and is often assumed to be reflected in fixed Type 1 (juxtaposition of tissues) or Type 2 (self-evident geometry) landmarks (Bookstein 1991).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Lim, Meng Fai. "On the pseudo-nullity of the dual fine Selmer groups." International Journal of Number Theory 11, no. 07 (October 21, 2015): 2055–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042115500888.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, we will study the pseudo-nullity of the dual fine Selmer group and its related question. We investigate certain situations, where one can deduce the pseudo-nullity of the dual fine Selmer group of a general Galois module over an admissible p-adic Lie extension F∞ from the knowledge of the pseudo-nullity of the Galois group of the maximal abelian unramified pro-p extension of F∞ at which every prime of F∞ above p splits completely. In particular, this gives us a way to construct examples of the pseudo-nullity of the dual fine Selmer group of a Galois module that is unramified outside p. We will illustrate our results with many examples.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Polovinkina, A. V., and T. V. Skoraya. "CONDITION OF FINITENESS OF COLENGTH OF VARIETY OF LEIBNITZ ALGEBRAS." Vestnik of Samara University. Natural Science Series 20, no. 10 (May 29, 2017): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2541-7525-2014-20-10-84-90.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper is devoted to the varieties of Leibnitz algebras over a ﬁeld of zero characteristic. All information about the variety in case of zero characteristic of the base ﬁeld is contained in the space of multilinear elements of its relatively free algebra. Multilinear component of variety is considered as a module of symmetric group and splits into a direct sum of irreducible submodules, the sum of multiplicities of which is called colength of variety. This paper investigates the identities that are performed in varieties with ﬁnite colength and also the relationship of this varieties with known varieties of Lie and Leibnitz algebras with this property. We prove necessary and suﬃcient condition for a ﬁniteness of colength of variety of Leibnitz algebras.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Boim, M. A., K. Ho, M. E. Shuck, M. J. Bienkowski, J. H. Block, J. L. Slightom, Y. Yang, B. M. Brenner, and S. C. Hebert. "ROMK inwardly rectifying ATP-sensitive K+ channel. II. Cloning and distribution of alternative forms." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 268, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): F1132—F1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1995.268.6.f1132.

Full text

Abstract:

The rat ROMK gene encodes inwardly rectifying, ATP-regulated K+ channels [K. Ho, C. G. Nichols, W. J. Lederer, J. Lytton, P. M. Vassilev, M. V. Kanazirska, and S. C. Hebert. Nature Lond. 362: 31–38, 1993; H. Zhou, S. S. Tate, and L. G. Palmer. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (Cell Physiol. 35): C809-C824, 1994], and mRNA encoding these channels is widely expressed in distal cortical and outer medullary nephron segments [see companion study; W.-S. Lee and S. C. Hebert. Am. J. Physiol. 268 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 37): F1124-F1131, 1995]. Using approaches based on homology to ROMK1, we have identified two additional ROMK isoforms, ROMK2b and ROMK3. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the ROMK isoforms indicates that molecular diversity of ROMK transcripts is due to alternative splicing at both the 5'-coding and 3'-noncoding regions. The splicing at the 5' end of ROMK gives rise to channel proteins with variable-length NH2 termini containing different initial amino acid sequences. Functional expression of these isoforms in Xenopus oocytes showed that they form functional Ba(2+)-sensitive K+ channels. The nephron distribution of mRNAs encoding alternatively spliced isoforms of ROMK (ROMK1-ROMK3) was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of nephron segments dissected from rat kidney. Nondegenerate PCR primer pairs were designed to span at least one intron and to amplify specific alternatively spliced forms of ROMK.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Coleman, Todd P., and Sridevi S. Sarma. "A Computationally Efficient Method for Nonparametric Modeling of Neural Spiking Activity with Point Processes." Neural Computation 22, no. 8 (August 2010): 2002–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00001-coleman.

Full text

Abstract:

Point-process models have been shown to be useful in characterizing neural spiking activity as a function of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Most point-process models of neural activity are parametric, as they are often efficiently computable. However, if the actual point process does not lie in the assumed parametric class of functions, misleading inferences can arise. Nonparametric methods are attractive due to fewer assumptions, but computation in general grows with the size of the data. We propose a computationally efficient method for nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation when the conditional intensity function, which characterizes the point process in its entirety, is assumed to be a Lipschitz continuous function but otherwise arbitrary. We show that by exploiting much structure, the problem becomes efficiently solvable. We next demonstrate a model selection procedure to estimate the Lipshitz parameter from data, akin to the minimum description length principle and demonstrate consistency of our estimator under appropriate assumptions. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness of our method with simulated neural spiking data, goldfish retinal ganglion neural data, and activity recorded in CA1 hippocampal neurons from an awake behaving rat. For the simulated data set, our method uncovers a more compact representation of the conditional intensity function when it exists. For the goldfish and rat neural data sets, we show that our nonparametric method gives a superior absolute goodness-of-fit measure used for point processes than the most common parametric and splines-based approaches.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

PLEASS, Richard J., Paul D. ANDREWS, Michael A. KERR, and Jenny M. WOOF. "Alternative splicing of the human IgA Fc receptor CD89 in neutrophils and eosinophils." Biochemical Journal 318, no. 3 (September 15, 1996): 771–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3180771.

Full text

Abstract:

Receptors for the Fc portion of IgA (FcαR) trigger important immunological elimination processes against IgA-coated targets. Investigation of human FcαR (CD89) transcripts in neutrophils, eosinophils and a monocyte-like cell line, THP-1, with the use of reverse transcriptase PCR, Northern blotting and RNase protection analysis, has provided evidence in these cell types for at least two distinct transcripts generated by alternative splicing. The cDNAs derived from the two major transcripts of both neutrophils and eosinophils have been cloned and sequenced. For both cell types, the larger clone represents the previously described full-length receptor, whereas the second, shorter, splice variant lacks the entire second, membrane-proximal, Ig-like domain. Stable CHO-K1 transfectants have been obtained for both full-length and truncated variant neutrophil receptors. Whereas the full-length receptor is recognized by a panel of five anti-FcαR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), the shorter variant is bound weakly by only two of the antibodies, suggesting that the epitopes recognized by the majority of the mAbs lie at least in part in the second Ig-like domain of FcαR. Both full-length and splice variant forms of the receptor bind secretory IgA, but the weak binding to serum IgA seen with the full-length receptor is not evident with the shorter variant. Alternative splicing might therefore serve as a means of diversifying FcαR structure and function.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Chaudhri, M. Munawar. "Dynamic fracture of inorganic glasses by hard spherical and conical projectiles." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373, no. 2038 (March 28, 2015): 20140135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0135.

Full text

Abstract:

In this article, high-speed photographic investigations of the dynamic crack initiation and propagation in several inorganic glasses by the impact of small spherical and conical projectiles are described. These were carried out at speeds of up to approximately 2×10 6 frames s −1 . The glasses were fused silica, ‘Pyrex’ (a borosilicate glass), soda lime and B 2 O 3 . The projectiles were 0.8–2 mm diameter spheres of steel, glass, sapphire and tungsten carbide, and their velocities were up to 340 m s −1 . In fused silica and Pyrex, spherical projectiles' impact produced Hertzian cone cracks travelling at terminal crack velocities, whereas in soda-lime glass fast splinter cracks were generated. No crack bifurcation was observed, which has been explained by the nature of the stress intensity factor of the particle-impact-generated cracks, which leads to a stable crack growth. Crack bifurcation was, however, observed in thermally tempered glass; this bifurcation has been explained by the tensile residual stress and the associated unstable crack growth. A new explanation has been proposed for the decrease of the included angle of the Hertzian cone cracks with increasing impact velocity. B 2 O 3 glass showed dynamic compaction and plasticity owing to impact with steel spheres. Other observations, such as total contact time, crack lengths and response to oblique impacts, have also been explained.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Bilge, Ayse Humeyra, and Funda Samanlioglu. "Determination of epidemic parameters from early phase fatality data: A case study of the 2009 A (H1N1) pandemic in Europe." International Journal of Biomathematics 11, no. 02 (February 2018): 1850021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524518500213.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper demonstrates that the susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model applied to the early phase of an epidemic can be used to determine epidemic parameters reliably. As a case study, the SIR model is applied to the fatality data of the 2009 fall wave cycle of the A(H1N1) pandemic in 12 European countries. It is observed that the best estimates of the basic reproduction number [Formula: see text] and the mean duration of the infection period [Formula: see text] lie on a curve in the scatterplots, indicating the existence of a nearly-invariant quantity which corresponds to the duration of the epidemic. Spline interpolation applied to the early phase of the epidemic, an approximately 10-week period, together with a future control point in the stabilization region, is sufficient to estimate model parameters. The SIR model is run over a wide range of parameters and estimates of [Formula: see text] in the range 1.2–2.0 match the values in the literature. The duration of the infection period, [Formula: see text] is estimated to be in the range 2.0–7.0 days. Longer infection periods are tied to spatial characteristics of the spread of the epidemic.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Zhao, L. B. "Absorption spectra from the n = 3 manifold states of Li atoms in magnetic fields of white dwarfs." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 4 (May 7, 2021): 5954–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1271.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The two-dimensional B-spline approach recently developed has been applied to calculations of absorption spectra from the n = 3 manifold states of Li atoms in magnetic fields of white dwarfs. A total of 28 magnetized atomic states of five symmetries, 20±, 2(− 1)±, and 2(− 2)+, for this atomic system are involved in the current calculations. Wavelengths and oscillator strengths are presented for 60 transitions as a function of magnetic fields ranging from 2.35 to 2350 MG, typical of magnetic white dwarfs. Zeeman spectral lines of all these transitions lie in the region of ultraviolet, visible light, and infrared except for the six transitions, in which energy levels of the initial and final states are inversed at some magnetic field strength. Our results in the field-free case are compared to available data in the literature. Excellent agreement is observed between our spectral data and those from the NIST data base as well as the other theoretical calculations in the field-free case. The present spectral data are applicable to modelling discrete atomic spectral lines in the magnetic white dwarf atmospheres with lithium included.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Witte, Malte. "On a Localisation Sequence for the K-Theory of Skew Power Series Rings." Journal of K-Theory 11, no. 1 (February 2013): 125–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/is013001019jkt198.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractLet B = A[[t;σ,δ]] be a skew power series ring such that σ is given by an inner automorphism of B. We show that a certain Waldhausen localisation sequence involving the K-theory of B splits into short split exact sequences. In the case that A is noetherian we show that this sequence is given by the localisation sequence for a left denominator set S in B. If B = ℤp[[G]] happens to be the Iwasawa algebra of a p-adic Lie group G ≅ H ⋊ ℤp, this set S is Venjakob's canonical Ore set. In particular, our result implies thatis split exact for each n ≥ 0. We also prove the corresponding result for the localisation of ℤp[[G]][$\frac{1}{p}$] with respect to the Ore set S*. Both sequences play a major role in non-commutative Iwasawa theory.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Kobayashi, H., M. Kasahara, M. Hino, S. Takahara, K. Ikeda, C. Son, T. Iwakura, et al. "A novel heterozygous splice-site mutation of LEM domain-containing 3 in a Japanese kindred with Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome." Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 30, no. 3 (March 2007): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03347437.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Mrowczynska, Maria. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LEARNING ALGORITHM OF RADIAL BASIS NETWORKS WITH RELATION TO THE TRANSFER FUNCTIONS APPLIED ON THE EXAMPLE OF MAPPING OF THE LIE LAND OF ZIELONA GORA CITY." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 18, 2005): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2005vol1.2136.

Full text

Abstract:

The article presents problems connected to the use of radial basis networks for the approximation of the ground surface. The main goal of this paper is to research into the precision of topographic profile representation with relation to the transfer functions applied. The paper contains a description of the structure of a radial basis network and a description of networks learning by means of the hybrid method with the use of the notion of the Green matrix pseudoinverse. Special attention was given to the problem of a choice of transfer functions: the Gauss function, the exponential function, the Hardy function, the spliced function of the third and fourth degree as well as bicentral functions with an independent slope and rotation. the result of this article is an example of the operation of a network with relation the transfer functions under discussion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Ruben, S. M., R. Narayanan, J. F. Klement, C. H. Chen, and C. A. Rosen. "Functional characterization of the NF-kappa B p65 transcriptional activator and an alternatively spliced derivative." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 2 (February 1992): 444–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.2.444.

Full text

Abstract:

The NF-kappa B transcription factor complex is composed of two proteins, designated p50 and p65, both having considerable homology to the product of the rel oncogene. We present evidence that the p65 subunit is a potent transcriptional activator in the apparent absence of the p50 subunit, consistent with in vitro results demonstrating that p65 can interact with DNA on its own. To identify the minimal activation domain, chimeric fusion proteins between the DNA binding domain of the yeast transcriptional activator protein GAL4 and regions of the carboxy terminus of p65 were constructed, and their transcriptional activity was assessed by using a GAL4 upstream activation sequence-driven promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion. This analysis suggests that the boundaries of the activation domain lie between amino acids 415 and 550. Moreover, single amino acid changes within residues 435 to 459 greatly diminished activation. Similar to other activation domains, this region contains a leucine zipper-like motif as well as an overall net negative charge. To identify those residues essential for DNA binding, we made use of a naturally occurring derivative of p65, lacking residues 222 to 231 (hereafter referred to as p65 delta), and produced via an alternative splice site. Gel mobility shift analysis using bacterially expressed p65, p65 delta, and various mutants indicates that residues 222 to 231 are important for binding to kappa B DNA. Coimmunoprecipitation analysis suggests that these residues likely contribute to the multimerization function required for homomeric complex formation or heteromeric complex formation with p50 in that no association of p65 delta with itself or with p50 was evident. However, p65 delta was able to form weak heteromeric complexes with p65 that were greatly reduced in their ability to bind DNA. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that subtle changes within the proposed multimerization domain can elicit different effects with the individual Rel-related proteins and that a potential role of p65 delta may be to negatively regulate NF-kappa B function through formation of nonfunctional heteromeric complexes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Ruben, S. M., R. Narayanan, J. F. Klement, C. H. Chen, and C. A. Rosen. "Functional characterization of the NF-kappa B p65 transcriptional activator and an alternatively spliced derivative." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 2 (February 1992): 444–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.2.444-454.1992.

Full text

Abstract:

The NF-kappa B transcription factor complex is composed of two proteins, designated p50 and p65, both having considerable homology to the product of the rel oncogene. We present evidence that the p65 subunit is a potent transcriptional activator in the apparent absence of the p50 subunit, consistent with in vitro results demonstrating that p65 can interact with DNA on its own. To identify the minimal activation domain, chimeric fusion proteins between the DNA binding domain of the yeast transcriptional activator protein GAL4 and regions of the carboxy terminus of p65 were constructed, and their transcriptional activity was assessed by using a GAL4 upstream activation sequence-driven promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion. This analysis suggests that the boundaries of the activation domain lie between amino acids 415 and 550. Moreover, single amino acid changes within residues 435 to 459 greatly diminished activation. Similar to other activation domains, this region contains a leucine zipper-like motif as well as an overall net negative charge. To identify those residues essential for DNA binding, we made use of a naturally occurring derivative of p65, lacking residues 222 to 231 (hereafter referred to as p65 delta), and produced via an alternative splice site. Gel mobility shift analysis using bacterially expressed p65, p65 delta, and various mutants indicates that residues 222 to 231 are important for binding to kappa B DNA. Coimmunoprecipitation analysis suggests that these residues likely contribute to the multimerization function required for homomeric complex formation or heteromeric complex formation with p50 in that no association of p65 delta with itself or with p50 was evident. However, p65 delta was able to form weak heteromeric complexes with p65 that were greatly reduced in their ability to bind DNA. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that subtle changes within the proposed multimerization domain can elicit different effects with the individual Rel-related proteins and that a potential role of p65 delta may be to negatively regulate NF-kappa B function through formation of nonfunctional heteromeric complexes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Splines with LME'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles