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Journal articles on the topic 'Split Ring resonator'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Kapoor, Mahima, K. S. Daya, and G. S. Tyagi. "Coupled ring resonator for microwave characterization of dielectric materials." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 4, no. 2 (January 5, 2012): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078711001103.

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In this paper characterization of dielectric materials in liquid and powder phase using concentric closed and split ring resonators of length λ, λ/2, and λ/4 is reported. Experimental results have been validated by simulations and theoretically modeling. Sensitivity of the resonator with closed rings was maximum. Experimentally extracted values of dielectric constant of ferrite ranged from 14.05 to 15.1 with closed ring resonators and from 13.6 to 14.02 with split ring resonator, respectively. For spirulina platensis the dielectric constant was lying in the range 1.78–1.93 and 1.74–2.04 with closed ring and split ring resonators, respectively. The values extracted experimentally are in good agreement with simulation and theoretically found values. However, the values obtained from closed ring resonator were in agreement with the dielectric constant values of ferrite and spirulina platensis.

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2

Rajni, Rajni, Gurwinder Singh, and Anupma Marwaha. "Modeling of Split Ring Resonators loaded microstrip line with different orientations." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 6 (November 1, 2015): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1363-1371.

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<p>This paper presents the different circuit approaches of the electric and magnetic interaction of Single Split Ring Resonator (SRR) loaded microstrip line. We loaded the microstrip line with planar square split ring resonator in different configurations and orientations. The modeling behavior of metamaterials-based microstrip lines loaded with single and two-mirrored split ring resonators is analyzed numerically in two orientations (with gap of SRR parallel and perpendicular to the line). The full wave simulations are performed for the single and two-mirrored split ring resonators loaded microstrip inside a waveguide with ‘High Frequency Structure Simulator’ software.<strong> </strong>The equivalent circuit parameters are obtained for the single split ring resonator loaded with microstrip line with the gap parallel and near to the line from transmission line theory that make use of just the resonance frequency and minimum of the reflection coefficient.<strong> </strong>The simulation of different orientations of split ring resonator gives better reflection coefficient and wider frequency.</p>

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3

Shaalan, Amer Basim. "Fractal Minkowski Antenna Loaded with Hilbert Curve as Complementary Split Ring Resonator." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 51 (May 2015): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.51.78.

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Fractal Minkowski patch antenna is proposed. Classical complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is slotted on the patch. For comparison, fractal Hilbert shape split ring resonator also slotted on the patch. These slots make the patch behaves as a left-handed material in certain frequency band. Minkowski fractal antenna has three resonance frequencies. The complementary split ring resonator and Hilbert ring affects the upper two frequencies and make the antenna resonate at lower frequencies. Lowering the resonance frequencies cause a reduction in antenna size. More reduction of antenna size is obtained when fractal Hilbert is used as complementary split ring resonator. The simulated results have been done by using (HFSS) software, which is based on finite element modeling. The measurement of fabricated antenna shows good agreement with simulation results

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4

Llewellyn Smith, Stefan G., and Anthony M. J. Davis. "The split ring resonator." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 466, no. 2123 (May 20, 2010): 3117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2010.0047.

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We obtain band diagrams for a two-dimensional periodic structure consisting of an infinite square array of infinitely thin concentric circles (split rings) with narrow gaps. Our approach exploits the narrowness of the gaps and yields algebraic equations relating the frequency to the Bloch wavenumber and geometric properties of the array. Further asymptotic analysis indicates that the gravest mode has a frequency that scales in an inverse logarithmic fashion with the size of the gap and that exhibits anomalous dispersion. Near the origin of the Brillouin zone this ‘acoustic’ mode is dispersionless. Numerical solution of the eigenvalue problem in the single-gap case confirms these conclusions. The two lowest modes of the split ring can be interpreted as a splitting of the gravest propagating Rayleigh mode.

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5

Roy Chowdhury, Dibakar, Ranjan Singh, Antoinette J. Taylor, Hou-Tong Chen, Weili Zhang, and Abul K. Azad. "Coupling Schemes in Terahertz Planar Metamaterials." International Journal of Optics 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/148985.

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We present a review of the different coupling schemes in a planar array of terahertz metamaterials. The gap-to-gap near-field capacitive coupling between split-ring resonators in a unit cell leads to either blue shift or red shift of the fundamental inductive-capacitive (LC) resonance, depending on the position of the split gap. The inductive coupling is enhanced by decreasing the inter resonator distance resulting in strong blue shifts of theLCresonance. We observe theLCresonance tuning only when the split-ring resonators are in close proximity of each other; otherwise, they appear to be uncoupled. Conversely, the higher-order resonances are sensitive to the smallest change in the inter particle distance or split-ring resonator orientation and undergo tremendous resonance line reshaping giving rise to a sharp subradiant resonance mode which produces hot spots useful for sensing applications. Most of the coupling schemes in a metamaterial are based on a near-field effect, though there also exists a mechanism to couple the resonators through the excitation of lowest-order lattice mode which facilitates the long-range radiative or diffractive coupling in the split-ring resonator plane leading to resonance line narrowing of the fundamental as well as the higher order resonance modes.

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6

Zhao, Hui, and Tie Jun Cui. "Novel triple-mode resonators using split-ring resonator." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 49, no. 12 (2007): 2918–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.22955.

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7

Singh, Ashish, Mohammad Aneesh, and J. A. Ansari. "Analysis of Microstrip Line Fed Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications." Open Engineering 7, no. 1 (November 10, 2017): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2017-0034.

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AbstractIn this paper, theoretical analysis of microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna loaded with parasitic element and split-ring resonator is presented. The proposed antenna shows that the dualband operation depends on gap between parasitic element, split-ring resonator, length and width of microstrip line. It is found that antenna resonates at two distinct resonating modes i.e., 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz for lower and upper resonance frequencies respectively. The antenna shows dual frequency nature with frequency ratio 2.0. The characteristics of microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna loaded with parasitic element and split-ring resonator antenna is compared with other prototype microstrip line fed antennas. Further, the theoretical results are compared with simulated and reported experimental results, they are in close agreement.

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8

Ahmed, Sadiq, and Madhukar Chandra. "Design of a dual linear polarization antenna using split ring resonators at X-band." Advances in Radio Science 15 (November 6, 2017): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-15-259-2017.

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Abstract. Dual linear polarization microstrip antenna configurations are very suitable for high-performance satellites, wireless communication and radar applications. This paper presents a new method to improve the co-cross polarization discrimination (XPD) for dual linear polarized microstrip antennas at 10 GHz. For this, three various configurations of a dual linear polarization antenna utilizing metamaterial unit cells are shown. In the first layout, the microstrip patch antenna is loaded with two pairs of spiral ring resonators, in the second model, a split ring resonator is placed between two microstrip feed lines, and in the third design, a complementary split ring resonators are etched in the ground plane. This work has two primary goals: the first is related to the addition of metamaterial unit cells to the antenna structure which permits compensation for an asymmetric current distribution flow on the microstrip antenna and thus yields a symmetrical current distribution on it. This compensation leads to an important enhancement in the XPD in comparison to a conventional dual linear polarized microstrip patch antenna. The simulation reveals an improvement of 7.9, 8.8, and 4 dB in the E and H planes for the three designs, respectively, in the XPD as compared to the conventional dual linear polarized patch antenna. The second objective of this paper is to present the characteristics and performances of the designs of the spiral ring resonator (S-RR), split ring resonator (SRR), and complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterial unit cells. The simulations are evaluated using the commercial full-wave simulator, Ansoft High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).

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9

Chen, Jung-San, Wei-Jiun Su, Yi Cheng, Wei-Chang Li, and Cheng-Yen Lin. "A metamaterial structure capable of wave attenuation and concurrent energy harvesting." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 2973–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19880023.

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In this study, the capability of wave attenuation as well as energy harvesting in a metamaterial beam with built-in resonators is presented. Each resonator consists of a pretensioned elastic membrane and split-ring masses. The flexural wave band characteristics, eigenmodes, and frequency response are predicted by finite element method. Experiments are conducted to verify the finite element results. The results show that, with proper resonators, vibration caused by disturbances can be conspicuously attenuated at certain frequencies. The attenuation region can be manipulated by adjusting the properties of the membrane-split-ring system. Besides, by adding piezoelectric patches to the membrane, the stored energy in the local resonator can be converted into electric power. The generated voltage output reaches a maximum at the frequency where wave is greatly attenuated. Finally, it is shown that double-layer resonators with parallel connection can generate twice as much voltage as the single-layer resonator.

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10

Ortiz, Noelia, Francisco Falcone, and Mario Sorolla. "Gain Improvement of Dual Band Antenna Based on Complementary Rectangular Split-Ring Resonator." ISRN Communications and Networking 2012 (March 20, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/951290.

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A simple and successful dual band patch linear polarized rectangular antenna design is presented. The dual band antenna is designed etching a complementary rectangular split-ring resonator in the patch of a conventional rectangular patch antenna. Furthermore, a parametric study shows the influence of the location of the CSRR particle on the radiation characteristics of the dual band antenna. Going further, a miniaturization of the conventional rectangular patch antenna and an enhancement of the complementary split-ring resonator resonance gain versus the location of the CSRR on the patch are achieved. The dual band antenna design has been made feasible due to the quasistatic resonance property of the complementary split-ring resonators. The simulated results are compared with measured data and good agreement is reported.

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11

B. Jalil, Mohd Ezwan, Mohamad Kamal A. Rahim, Osman B. Ayop, and Noor Asmawati Samsuri. "Size miniaturization of chipless RFID tag using metamaterial structure." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 15, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i2.pp723-732.

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A Chipless RFID based Modified Complementary Split Ring Resonator (MCSRR) with Different Width (DW) which is metamaterial structure is designed using PET substrate ( =3, loss tangent = 0.025 at 2 GHz) to miniaturize effective length size of conventional split ring resonator. The MCSRR structure with DW provides less size about 17% compared with the conventional MCSRR structure. The single MCSRR resonator with different width only requires a frequency range of 12 % of Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) resonator. The slotted MCSRR resonator is located underneath substrate and within substrate is connected with transmission lines. The insertion loss value of MCSRR resonator is used to encode ID information of chipless RFID with maximizing ID information using Frequency Position technique. The best swapping parameter for encoding ID number information is split gap of both ring compare with other parameter such as spacing between ring and width of ring.

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12

Bobowski, J. S. "Probing split-ring resonator permeabilities with loop-gap resonators." Canadian Journal of Physics 96, no. 8 (August 2018): 878–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2017-0436.

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A method is proposed to experimentally determine the effective complex permeability of split-ring resonator (SRR) arrays used in the design of metamaterials at microwave frequencies. We analyze the microwave response of a loop-gap resonator (LGR) whose bore has been partially loaded with one or more SRRs. Our analysis reveals that the resonance frequency, magnetic plasma frequency, and damping constant of the effective permeability of the SRR array can be extracted from fits to the reflection coefficient (S11) of an inductively coupled LGR. We propose LGR designs that would allow both a one-dimensional array of SRRs and small three-dimensional arrays of SRRs to be characterized. Finally, we demonstrate the method using a toroidal LGR loaded with a single extended SRR of length z.

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13

Ejaz, Tahir, Hamood Ur Rahman, T. Tauqeer, Adnan Masood, and Tahir Zaidi. "Shield Optimization and Formulation of Regression Equations for Split-Ring Resonator." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4754192.

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Microwave resonators are widely used for numerous applications including communication, biomedical and chemical applications, material testing, and food grading. Split-ring resonators in both planar and nonplanar forms are a simple structure which has been in use for several decades. This type of resonator is characterized with low cost, ease of fabrication, moderate quality factor, low external noise interference, high stability, and so forth. Due to these attractive features and ease in handling, nonplanar form of structure has been utilized for material characterization in 1–5 GHz range. Resonant frequency and quality factor are two important parameters for determination of material properties utilizing perturbation theory. Shield made of conducting material is utilized to enclose split-ring resonator which enhances quality factor. This work presents a novel technique to develop shield around a predesigned nonplanar split-ring resonator to yield optimized quality factor. Based on this technique and statistical analysis regression equations have also been formulated for resonant frequency and quality factor which is a major outcome of this work. These equations quantify dependence of output parameters on various factors of shield made of different materials. Such analysis is instrumental in development of devices/designs where improved/optimum result is required.

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14

Hameed, Musab, Gaobiao Xiao, Lina Qiu, Can Xiong, and Tayyab Hameed. "Multiple-Mode Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Split Ring Resonators in a Rectangular Waveguide Cavity." Electronics 7, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7120356.

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This paper presents a simple split ring resonator excitation to realize a multi-mode wideband bandpass filter in a rectangular waveguide cavity. The proposed resonator employs two rectangular split rings attached with two coaxial probes extended into the cavity to excite two resonant modes, unlike the conventional cavity resonators which employ conductive cylinders in the cavities to achieve the same results. A hybrid magnetic (HM) mode and a hybrid electric (HE) mode are the two hybrid modes excited to realize the wideband bandpass filter. The filter operates at 2.5 GHz center frequency with 53% fractional bandwidth. Finally, the prototypes of a second and a fourth order filter are fabricated for results validation. Measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.

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15

Reinecke, Tobias, Johanna-Gabriela Walter, Tim Kobelt, André Ahrens, Thomas Scheper, and Stefan Zimmermann. "Design and evaluation of split-ring resonators for aptamer-based biosensors." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 7, no. 1 (February 23, 2018): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-101-2018.

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Abstract. Split-ring resonators are electrical circuits, which enable highly sensitive readout of split capacity changes via a measurement of the shift in the resonance frequency. Thus, functionalization of the split allows the development of biosensors, where selective molecular binding causes a change in permittivity and therefore a change in split capacity. In this work, we present a novel approach using transmission line theory to describe the dependency between permittivity of the sample and resonance frequency. This theory allows the identification of all relevant parameters of a split-ring resonator and thus a target-oriented optimization process. Hereby all setup optimizations are verified with measurements. Subsequently, the split of a resonator is functionalized with aptamers and the sensor response is investigated. This preliminary experiment shows that introducing the target protein results in a shift in the resonance frequency caused by a permittivity change due to aptamer-mediated protein binding, which allows selective detection of the target protein.

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16

Patel, Shobhit K., and Yogeshwar Kosta. "Triband Microstrip-Based Radiating Structure Design using Split Ring Resonator and Complementary Split Ring Resonator." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 55, no. 9 (June 27, 2013): 2219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.27751.

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17

Stefanovski-Pajovic, Snezana, Milka Potrebic, Dejan Tosic, and Zoran Stamenkovic. "E-plane waveguide bandstop filter with double-sided printed-circuit insert." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 30, no. 2 (2017): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1702223s.

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In this paper a novel design of an E-plane bandstop waveguide filter with a double-sided printed-circuit insert is presented. Split-ring resonators are used as the resonating elements to obtain the bandstop response. The amplitude response of the waveguide resonator with a single resonating element on the insert is analyzed for various dimensions and positions of the split-ring resonator. The coupling between two resonators on the insert, in terms of their mutual distance, is considered as a next step to the filter design. Various positions of the resonators are considered, including the case with the resonators on the different sides of the insert, which is of interest for the proposed filter design. Finally, a third-order bandstop filter with a double-sided printed-circuit insert, operating in the X-frequency band, is introduced. The filter response is analyzed for various distances between the resonators and for various positions of the resonator printed on the other side of the insert. Proposed filter design is simple, providing for the accurate fabrication, miniaturization and possibility to relatively easy obtain multi-band response, using resonators with different resonant frequencies on the different sides of the insert.

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18

Jagadish, M., and A. S. Pradeep. "Design of Hexagonal Shaped Split Ring Resonator for Multi-Resonant Behaviour." Bonfring International Journal of Research in Communication Engineering 6, Special Issue (November 30, 2016): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijrce.8193.

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19

Ricci, Michael C., and Steven M. Anlage. "Single superconducting split-ring resonator electrodynamics." Applied Physics Letters 88, no. 26 (June 26, 2006): 264102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2216931.

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20

Alici, Kamil Boratay, and Ekmel Ozbay. "Electrically small split ring resonator antennas." Journal of Applied Physics 101, no. 8 (April 15, 2007): 083104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2722232.

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21

Pung, Aaron J., Michael D. Goldflam, D. Bruce Burckel, Igal Brener, Michael B. Sinclair, and Salvatore Campione. "Enhancing Absorption Bandwidth through Vertically Oriented Metamaterials." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (May 30, 2019): 2223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112223.

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Metamaterials research has developed perfect absorbers from microwave to optical frequencies, mainly featuring planar metamaterials, also referred to as metasurfaces. In this study, we investigated vertically oriented metamaterials, which make use of the entire three-dimensional space, as a new avenue to widen the spectral absorption band in the infrared regime between 20 and 40 THz. Vertically oriented metamaterials, such as those simulated in this work, can be experimentally realized through membrane projection lithography, which allows a single unit cell to be decorated with multiple resonators by exploiting the vertical dimension. In particular, we analyzed the cases of a unit cell containing a single vertical split-ring resonator (VSRR), a single planar split-ring resonator (PSRR), and both a VSRR and PSRR to explore intra-cell coupling between resonators. We show that the additional degrees of freedom enabled by placing multiple resonators in a unit cell lead to novel ways of achieving omnidirectional super absorption. Our results provide an innovative approach for controlling and designing engineered nanostructures.

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22

Khan, Muhammad Ammar, Jing-Fu Bao, Fei-Hong Bao, and Xin Zhou. "Concentric Split Aluminum with Silicon-Aluminum Nitride Annular Rings Resonators." Micromachines 10, no. 5 (April 30, 2019): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10050296.

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This paper presents a novel approach of annular concentric split rings microelectromechanical resonators with tether configuration to reduce anchor loss and gives very high-quality factor (Q) 2.97 Million based on FEA (Finite Element Analysis) simulation. The operating frequencies of these resonators are 188.55 MHz to 188.62 MHz. When the proposed SR (square rectangle) hole shaped one dimensional phononic crystal (1D PnC), and two dimensional phononic crystal (2D PnC) structure consist of very wide and complete band gaps is applied to novel design rings MEMS resonators, the quality factor (Q) further improved to 19.7 Million and 1750 Million, respectively, by using the finite element method. It is also observed that band gaps become closer by reducing the value of filling fraction, and proposed SR PnC gives extensive peak attenuation. Moreover, harmonic response of ring resonator is verified by the perfect match layers (PML) technique surrounded by resonators with varying width 1.5λ, and 3λ effectively reduce the vibration displacement.

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23

Akhir, Siti Aminah Md, Siti Zuraidah Ibrahim, Nurshamimi Rosli, Aini Syuhada Md Zain, and Nurehansafwanah Khalid. "Antenna for humidity sensor using split ring resonator." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp584-590.

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<span>This paper presents an antenna as a humidity sensor application to control and monitor the quality of humidity. A passive sensor tag with low cost solution is suggested where it implemented on a low-cost substrate, FR4. A capacitive sensor that works from 0 to 1.5 GHz is implemented in the design. The capacitive sensor is designed based on a small antenna loaded with a Split ring resonator (SRR). To sense the humidity, the SRR resonator is coated with Kapton, placed on the top of the resonator. To validate the proposed method, a prototype was fabricated. The comparison between simulated and measured reflection coefficient is presented.</span>

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24

Khan, M. F., and M. J. Mughal. "Effective permeability of inner ring shorted split ring resonator." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, no. 3 (2008): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23149.

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25

Rigi-Tamandani, Abdolshakoor, Javad Ahmadi-Shokouh, and Saeed Tavakoli. "WIDEBAND PLANAR SPLIT RING RESONATOR BASED METAMATERIALS." Progress In Electromagnetics Research M 28 (2013): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierm12120318.

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26

Yuan, Ming, Fan Yang, and Zongqiang Pang. "Deep subwavelength split ring neck acoustic resonator." Results in Physics 13 (June 2019): 102322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102322.

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27

Li, D., Y. Xie, J. Zhang, J. Li, and Z. Chen. "Multilayer Filters with Split-Ring Resonator Metamaterials." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 22, no. 10 (January 2008): 1420–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939308786348938.

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28

Rowe, David J., Sultan al-Malki, Ali A. Abduljabar, Adrian Porch, David A. Barrow, and Christopher J. Allender. "Improved Split-Ring Resonator for Microfluidic Sensing." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 62, no. 3 (March 2014): 689–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2014.2299514.

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29

McGregor, I., and K. M. Hock. "Complementary split-ring resonator-based accelerating structure." Journal of Instrumentation 8, no. 05 (May 20, 2013): P05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/8/05/p05009.

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30

Hao, Jianping, Amine Djouadi, François Rault, Xuyuan Tao, Éric Lheurette, and Ludovic Burgnies. "Multiresonant Split Ring Resonator with Meandered Strips." physica status solidi (a) 217, no. 6 (March 2020): 1901017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201901017.

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31

Sohn, Sung-Min, J. Thomas Vaughan, and Anand Gopinath. "An interdigitated split-ring resonator for metamaterials." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 53, no. 1 (November 22, 2010): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.25683.

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32

Kim, O. S., and O. Breinbjerg. "Miniaturised self-resonant split-ring resonator antenna." Electronics Letters 45, no. 4 (2009): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20093244.

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33

Wu, Pin Chieh, Greg Sun, Wei Ting Chen, Kuang-Yu Yang, Yao-Wei Huang, Yi-Hao Chen, Hsiang Lin Huang, Wei-Lun Hsu, Hai Pang Chiang, and Din Ping Tsai. "Vertical split-ring resonator based nanoplasmonic sensor." Applied Physics Letters 105, no. 3 (July 21, 2014): 033105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4891234.

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34

Li, Linpeng, Shengze Ye, Jianchun Xu, Yanan Hao, Limin Guo, Daquan Yang, and Ke Bi. "Split-ring resonator-based compact microstrip antenna." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 04 (February 10, 2019): 1950043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491950043x.

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Compact microstrip antennas based on split-ring resonator (SRR) structure are proposed and fabricated in this paper. The resonant frequency of the antennas is discussed upon different geometric structures. The influencing mechanism of the antenna parameters on resonant frequency is analyzed. The analytical and experimental analyses are carried out and proved that the resonant frequency can be controlled from 13.5 GHz to 17.2 GHz by tuning some of the crucial parameters. A good agreement between the simulations and the measurement results suggests that the proposed antenna can be designed at different resonant frequencies while maintaining a small-size, low-profile structure and good performance.

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35

Zhang Fu-Li and Zhao Xiao-Peng. "Tunable split ring resonator and its effect." Acta Physica Sinica 56, no. 8 (2007): 4661. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.56.4661.

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36

Chowdhury, Brinta, Thisara Walpita, B. Yang, and A. Eroglu. "Resonant Characteristics of Split Ring Resonator and Unit Cell for Periodic Metamaterial Devices." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 35, no. 11 (February 5, 2021): 1378–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.351158.

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The resonant characteristics of single split ring resonator-based metamaterial devices with single gap are presented using the analytical formulation developed for the lumped element equivalent circuit model. The characteristics of the metamaterial resonators have been investigated for different ring sizes, gap widths and substrate permittivity. Equivalent circuit model is developed for two ring structures. The analytical, and simulation results are compared and verified. The prototype has been then built and measured. It has been observed that all the results agree. The results presented in this paper can be used to develop devices at the THz range that can operate as sensors, antennas or tuning elements.

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37

Naqui, Jordi, Miguel Duran-Sindreu, and Ferran Martin. "Modeling Split-Ring Resonator (SRR) and Complementary Split-Ring Resonator (CSRR) Loaded Transmission Lines Exhibiting Cross-Polarization Effects." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 12 (2013): 178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2013.2245095.

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38

Hasan, M. M., M. R. I. Faruque, and M. T. Islam. "Parametric studies on split S-shaped composite meta atom for X-band communication." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 65, no. 4 (August 1, 2017): 533–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2017-0058.

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AbstractThe aim of this paper is to describe a split S-shaped composite meta atom which shows double negative characteristics at resonance frequency. The proposed meta-atom structure exhibits an almost 3.70 GHz bandwidth when the operating frequency from 8 to 14 GHz (X-band). In this study, the ring width, split width, size of substrate material, and the substrate material itself are varying to investigate their effect on the resonance frequencies. Metal strips of the outer resonator are the splits and the inner ring resonator is designed in a way that it forms a split S-shaped structure on the epoxy resin fibre (FR-4) substrate material. The CST Microwave Studio electromagnetic simulator software was used for the design and simulation purposes, and an Agilent N5227A vector network analyser was used for practical measurements.

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Chen, Lei, Qin Kun Xiao, and Yan Ni Gan. "A Balanced Dual-Band BPF Based on C-CSRR with Improved Passband Selectivity." Frequenz 73, no. 5-6 (May 27, 2019): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2018-0239.

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Abstract A balanced dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed by embedding two nested coupled complementary split-ring resonators (C-CSRRs) into a H-type balanced stepped-impedance slotline resonator in this paper. C-CSRR is composed of a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) with a pair of coupling slotlines in the open end, which can generate a bandpass response. In order to improve the passband selectivity further, source-load-coupled structure is employed. Moreover, it can be found that the proposed BPF has a wideband common-mode (CM) suppression, which is independent from the differential-mode (DM) passbands. Therefore, the design procedure can be significantly simplified. In order to validate its practicalbility, one balanced dual-band BPF is fabricated. The predicted results on S parameters are compared with the measured ones and a good agreement is found.

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O'Hara, John F., Evgenya Smirnova, Abul K. Azad, Hou-Tong Chen, and Antoinette J. Taylor. "Effects of Microstructure Variations on Macroscopic Terahertz Metafilm Properties." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2007 (2007): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/49691.

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The properties of planar, single-layer metamaterials, or metafilms, are studied by varying the structural components of the split-ring resonators used to comprise the overall medium. Measurements and simulations reveal how minor design variations in split-ring resonator structures can result in significant changes in the macroscopic properties of the metafilm. A transmission-line/circuit model is also used to clarify some of the behavior and design limitations of the metafilms. Though our results are illustrated in the terahertz frequency range, the work has broader implications, particularly with respect to filtering, modulation, and switching devices.

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Hamidkhani, Mehdi, Rasool Sadeghi, and Mohamadreza Karimi. "Dual-Band High Q-Factor Complementary Split-Ring Resonators Using Substrate Integrated Waveguide Method and Their Applications." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2019 (September 9, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6287970.

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In modern microwave telecommunication systems, especially in low phase noise oscillators, there is a need for resonators with low insertion losses and high Q-factor. More specifically, it is of high interest to design resonators with high group delay. In this paper, three novel dual-band complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) featuring high group delay etched on the waveguide surface by using substrate integrated waveguides are investigated and proposed. They are designed for a frequency range of 4.5–5.5 GHz. Group delay rates for the first, second, and third resonators were approximated as much as 23 ns, 293 ns, and 90 ns, respectively. We also proposed a new practical method to develop a wide tuning range SIW CSRR cavity resonator with a small tuning voltage in the second resonator, which leads to about 19% and 1% of tuning frequency band in the first and second bands, respectively. Finally, some of their applications in the design of filter, diplexer, and low phase noise oscillator will be investigated.

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Jahromi, Mahdi Naghshvarian. "Wide stopband compact microstrip lowpass filter using circular ring resonator and split ring resonators." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 53, no. 9 (June 16, 2011): 1961–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.26203.

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Jang, Chorom, Jin-Kwan Park, Gi-Ho Yun, and Jong-Gwan Yook. "Noninvasive Method to Distinguish between Glucose and Sodium Chloride Solution Using Complementary Split-Ring Resonator." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 29, no. 4 (April 2018): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.4.247.

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Kulandhaisamy, Indhumathi, Arun Kumar Shrivastav, Malathi Kanagasabai, and Jayaram Kizhekke Pakkathillam. "Triband phase shifter design using split-ring resonator and complementary split-ring resonator-loaded ground plane for wireless applications." Waves in Random and Complex Media 25, no. 4 (August 20, 2015): 669–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17455030.2015.1076584.

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Pradeep, A., S. Mridula, and P. Mohanan. "Design of an Edge-Coupled Dual-Ring Split-Ring Resonator." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 53, no. 4 (August 2011): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2011.6097285.

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Camli, Berk, Emre Altinagac, Huseyin Kizil, Hamdi Torun, Gunhan Dundar, and Arda D. Yalcinkaya. "Loop Antenna Driven Double Microwave Resonator-Based Sensors Incorporating PDMS Microchannels on Glass Substrates." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (November 16, 2018): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2131064.

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Microwave resonator-based sensors offer low-cost, contactless, label-free sensing solutions in a variety of applications. Sensing is done by the observation of the shifts in resonant frequency of the sensor structure, which depends on resonator geometry, material and physical properties of the environment. It is observed that the readings can be significantly affected by changes in secondary physical parameters or sample localization on resonator. A double microwave resonator sensing system incorporating microchannels on glass substrates are proposed to address these challenges. PDMS microchannels bonded on glass substrates are mounted on split ring resonators fabricated via low-cost processes. Experiments are performed with glucose solutions of 1.4 mg/mL–3.0 mg/mL concentration range. Results confirm that the use of double resonators increase rejection of background noise, whereas microchannel use increases measurement stability. Overall measurement sensitivity is shown to be 0.92 MHz/(mg/mL). Further improvements are aimed with the bonding of microchannels directly on resonators fabricated on glass substrates.

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Ishfaq, Muhammad Kamran, Tharek Abd Rahman, Hassan Tariq Chattha, and Masood Ur Rehman. "Multiband Split-Ring Resonator Based Planar Inverted-F Antenna for 5G Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5148083.

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5G, the fifth generation of wireless communications, is focusing on multiple frequency bands, such as 6 GHz, 10 GHz, 15 GHz, 28 GHz, and 38 GHz, to achieve high data rates up to 10 Gbps or more. The industry demands multiband antennas to cover these distant frequency bands, which is a task much more challenging. In this paper, we have designed a novel multiband split-ring resonator (SRR) based planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) for 5G applications. It is composed of a PIFA, an inverted-L parasitic element, a rectangular shaped parasitic element, and a split-ring resonator (SRR) etched on the top plate of the PIFA. The basic PIFA structure resonates at 6 GHz. An addition of a rectangular shaped parasitic element produces a resonance at 15 GHz. The introduction of a split-ring resonator produces a band notch at 8 GHz, and a resonance at 10 GHz, while the insertion of an inverted-L shaped parasitic element further enhances the impedance bandwidth in the 10 GHz band. The frequency bands covered, each with more than 1 GHz impedance bandwidth, are 6 GHz (5–7 GHz), 10 GHz (9–10.8 GHz), and 15 GHz (14-15 GHz), expected for inclusion in next-generation wireless communications, that is, 5G. The design is simulated using Ansys Electromagnetic Suite 17 simulation software package. The simulated and the measured results are compared and analyzed which are generally in good agreement.

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Parvathy, A. R., V. G. Ajay, and M. Thomaskutty. "Circularly Polarized Split Ring Resonator Loaded Slot Antenna." Advanced Electromagnetics 7, no. 5 (September 4, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v7i5.829.

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A compact circularly polarized printed slot antenna operating at 2.45 GHz is reported. The antenna consists of a pair of rotated square split ring resonators (SRR) inside a rectangular slot etched on the ground plane of an FR-4 dielectric substrate. A microstrip open-loop feed is etched on the backside of the dielectric substrate to feed the slot and the split ring resonators. The overall size of the antenna is 60x42x1.6 mm3. The measured -10dB impedance bandwidth is 10.48% (2.38-2.64 GHz) and the measured 3dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth covers the entire impedance bandwidth.

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Zheng, Xiang Lai, Qing Fan Shi, Dan Feng Lu, and Chang Yi Ji. "A Novel Tri-Band Ultra-Wideband Antenna with Deformed Split Ring Resonator for WLAN/WIMAX Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 1265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.1265.

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With the increasing demand for different applications of antennas, especially multi-band and ultra-wideband antenna, we propose a novel tri-band, ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with deformed split ring resonator (DSRR). The antenna consists of a partly covered ground plane and a deformed split ring resonator. By integrating the partly covered ground plane and the deformed split ring resonator and optimizing with CST Microwave Studio numerically, the proposed antenna produces three working bands ranging from 2.87GHz to 3.92GHz, 5.08 to 6.30GHz and 7.55 to 9.32GHz, which also satisfy the requirement of UWB. The three working bands cover the WIMAX band in 3.5GHz, the WLAN bands in 5.2/5.8GHz, and X-band, respectively. The radiation pattern is omnidirectional and the direction gain at every frequency is above 3.2 dBi. So the proposed antenna is suitable for multi-band communication applications.

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Almoneef, Thamer, and Omar M. Ramahi. "SPLIT-RING RESONATOR ARRAYS FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY HARVESTING." Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 62 (2015): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierb15012506.

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