Journal articles: 'Splitting wedge'

1

Guinea, G. V., M. Elices, and J. Planas. "Stress intensity factors for wedge-splitting geometry." International Journal of Fracture 81, no. 2 (1996): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00033177.

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2

Skoček, Jan, and Henrik Stang. "Inverse analysis of the wedge-splitting test." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 75, no. 10 (July 2008): 3173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2007.12.003.

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3

Seitl, Stanislav, Petr Miarka, Ildikó Merta, and Zbyněk Keršner. "Numerical Stress Analysis of the Biaxial Tension-Compression Wedge-Splitting Test in Vicinity of the Crack Tip." Key Engineering Materials 784 (October 2018): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.784.85.

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Wedge-splitting test is widely used fracture mechanical test for its stability in measurement during the testing and many papers were published. However, the biaxial wedge-splitting test is relatively a new method and the numerical stress analysis of such test is necessary. Especially the investigation of the stress fields in the vicinity of the crack tip. In this contribution, influence of various biaxial stress level is discussed on values of first and second terms of William’s expansion.

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4

Fu, Chuan Qing, Xian Yu Jin, Ye Tian, and Nan Guo Jin. "Numerical Experiment on Size Effect for SFRC Splitting Fracture." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.335.

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Based on the MFPA2D software system and test method of the wedge splitting fracture in the Lab., a numerical model was established. The numerical experiments on wedge splitting fracture with plain concrete and SFRC (steel fiber reinforced concrete) were carried on. The calculation results about plain concrete with different dimensions and ligament length proved the numerical model is effectively on numerical calculation, and have a good agreement with the results of the test results. Then, the process of crack initiation, propagation of SFRC specimens with different dimensions and fitting formula about size effect were given. The results indicated that the size effect existed in the splitting fracture energy of SFRC.

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5

Korte, Sara, Veerle Boel, Wouter de Corte, Geert de Schutter, and Stanislav Seitl. "Experimental Study of the Influence of the Initial Notch Length in Cubical Concrete Wedge-Splitting Test Specimens." Key Engineering Materials 525-526 (November 2012): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.525-526.209.

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The wedge-splitting test (WST) is a frequently used test configuration for performing stable crack fracture experiments on concrete specimens, thus allowing to determine the fracture process and crack propagation in the heterogeneous material. However, there are no standard rules regarding the wedge-splitting specimens geometry, groove dimensions or notch length. This paper concentrates on the influence of the initial notch length in geometrically identical, cubical specimens, cast from vibrated concrete. The experimental results of nine WSTs under monotonic loading, including Fsp-CMOD curves - splitting force versus crack mouth opening displacement - and fracture energy Gf, are presented. An important effect of the starting notch length on the fracture properties is observed.

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6

Walter, Rasmus, Lennart Østergaard, John F. Olesen, and Henrik Stang. "Wedge splitting test for a steel–concrete interface." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 72, no. 17 (November 2005): 2565–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2005.06.001.

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7

Carter, Bruce J., and Emery Z. Lajtai. "Rock slope stability and distributed joint systems." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 29, no. 1 (February 1, 1992): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t92-006.

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A deterministic (GEOSLIDE) and a probabilistic (PROSLIDE) microcomputer code are introduced to aid in performing rock wedge analyses based on the limit equilibrium method. The deterministic code evaluates the stability of a single rock wedge formed by discontinuities in rock through three-dimensional vector algebra, GEOSLIDE undertakes a full kinematic analysis (daylighting and obstruction), analyzes both wedge and plane sliding, and provides for anchor designs and sensitivity analyses (cohesion, friction, and water forces). Through multiple stability analyses, PROSLIDE evaluates the probability of failure for a rock slope by examining the distribution of the factors of safety from all the potential sliding wedges formed by the discontinuities of the rock mass. The probability of failure is expressed as the ratio of kinematically free wedges that have a factor of safety less than unity to the total number of wedges, PROSLIDE can form and analyze as many as 2000 different pairs of discontinuities in less than 30 min using a 25 MHz 486 IBM-compatible computer. In a worked example, the probability of failure for a fixed slope strike and loading condition is shown to vary with the slope angle, following the characteristic 'S' shape of a cumulative distribution function. The effect of an anchor force is to spread the distribution over a wider range of the factor of safety (SF), pushing many wedges into a potential upslide situation and splitting the distribution about the failure zone of the stability diagram (−1 < SF < 1). Key words : rock slope, rock wedge, stability analysis, factor of safety, probability of failure, Monte Carlo simulation.

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8

Seitl, Stanislav, Carlos Bermejo, Jakub Sobek, and Václav Veselý. "Two Parameter Description of Crack Tip Stress Fields for Wedge Splitting Test Specimen: Influence of Wedge Angle." Advanced Materials Research 969 (June 2014): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.969.345.

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Two parameter fracture mechanics uses for description of the crack tip stress fields, not only the stress intensity factor (SIF), but the second term of Williams expansion the T-stress. In the paper, the SIF and T-stress of typical wedge splitting specimens with usual loading arrangements varying in the wedge angle are directly computed using ANSYS finite element software. The influence of the wedge angle value is quantified.

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9

Řoutil, Ladislav, Václav Veselý, and Stanislav Seitl. "Fracture Analysis of Cube- and Cylinder-Shaped WST Specimens Made of Cementitious Composites with Various Characteristic Length." Key Engineering Materials 488-489 (September 2011): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.488-489.533.

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The paper is focused on finding reasonable proportions for both cube-shaped and cylinder-shaped silicate-based composite specimens subjected to wedge-splitting tests. The analysis is conducted using finite element method code with an implemented cohesive crack model. The aspect of the material’s brittleness, related to the heterogeneity of the material and described by what is termed as the characteristic length of quasi-brittle material, is accented. The results yield some recommendations for the determination of parameters of nonlinear fracture models for cementitious composites by means of wedge splitting tests of laboratory specimens of the two standard shapes.

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10

Zhao, Yan Hua, Hua Zhang, and Wei Dong. "Determination of Fracture Parameters for Non-Standard Wedge Splitting Specimen of Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.425.

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The wedge splitting (WS) test is now a promising method to perform stable fracture mechanics tests on concrete-like quasi brittle materials. Fracture parameters, such as fracture toughness and critical crack opening displacement and et.al, are however not easy to determined since formulae available from stress intensity factor manual are restricted to standard specimen geometry. The paper attempts to compute expressions for commonly used fracture parameters for a general wedge splitting specimen. By means of finite element analysis program, test simulation was performed on non-standard wedge splitting specimen with different depth and initiation crack length, and thereafter expressions were proposed for stress intensity factor at the pre-cast tip and crack mouth opening displacement on the load line. Based on the work above, size effect on the unstable fracture toughness and crack extension were investigated, and the consistency of fracture toughness data for various specimen depth as well as initiation crack length is demonstrated. The crack extension is little sensitive to the initiation crack length, it increases with the depth of specimen, which can be explained by the boundary influence of the specimen.

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11

Zhao, Zhi Fang, Xiao Jie Feng, Zhi Gang Zhao, and Li Jian Yang. "Influence of Coarse Aggregate Size on Softening Curve of Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 636–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.636.

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The program by Fortran to determine softening curve of concrete by inverse analysis was developed based on the wedge splitting test and Fictitious Crack Model (FCM). The four-linear softening curves were obtained by the inverse analysis program for the wedge splitting (WS) specimens which size are all 200mm×300mm×300mm with different coarse aggregate size. The approach of refining element mesh was presented for the inverse analysis calculation. It is shown that the three control parameters of softening curve, which are the tensile strength ft, maximum crack width wc and fracture energy GF, increase with increase of the maximum coarse aggregate size dmax.

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12

Seitl, Stanislav, Ildikó Merta, and Václav Veselý. "Wedge Splitting Test of Foam Concrete Specimens: Calibration Curves." Key Engineering Materials 627 (September 2014): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.627.281.

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In the present paper, the well-known wedge splitting test is applied on specimens made from foam concrete. In the case of this material the whole test specimens cannot be made from foam concrete but the rectangular groove, needed for the load transmission pieces, has to be made of stiffer material (typically marble). K-calibration (B1) and T-stress (B2) calibration curves for such specimens are introduced. The objective was to compare and discuss the calibration curves for the homogeneous case, the case with marble parts and the case with marble parts considering the glued marble/foam concrete interface

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13

Xu, Feng Lin, Jun Yu Liu, Bao Kuan Ning, and He Fan. "Evaluation of the Higher Order Terms of the Wedge-Splitting Specimen Based on the SBFEM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.25.

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The scaled boundary finite element method (abbr. SBFEM) is a semi-analytical method developed by Wolf and Song. The analytical advantage of the solution in the radial direction allows SBFEM converge to the Williams expansion. The coefficients of the Williams expansion, including the stress intensity factor, the T-stress, and higher order terms can be calculated directly without further processing. In the paper the coefficients of higher order terms of the crack tip asymptotic field of typical wedge splitting specimens with two different loading arrangements are evaluated using SBFEM. Numerical results show the method has high accuracy and effectiveness. The results have certain significance on determining crack stability of the wedge-splitting specimen.

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14

KUWAMURA, Hitoshi. "STUDY ON REINFORCEMENT OF SPLITTING TIMBER BY DRIVING WEDGE TEST." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 73, no. 632 (2008): 1779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.73.1779.

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15

Na, Seong Hyeon, Jae Hoon Kim, Hoon Seok Choi, Jae Beom Park, Shin Hoe Kim, and Gyoo Dong Jung. "Wedge Splitting Test and Fracture Energy on Particulate Reinforced Composites." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A 40, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-a.2016.40.3.253.

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16

Stückelschweiger, Gruber, Jin, and Harmuth. "Wedge-Splitting Test on Carbon-Containing Refractories at High Temperatures." Applied Sciences 9, no. 16 (August 8, 2019): 3249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9163249.

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The mode I fracture behavior of ordinary refractory materials is usually tested with the wedge-splitting test. At elevated temperatures, the optical displacement measurement is difficult because of the convection in the furnace and possible reactions of refractory components with the ambient atmosphere. The present paper introduces a newly developed testing device, which is able to perform such experiments up to 1500 °C. For the testing of carbon-containing refractories a gas purging, for example, with argon, is possible. Laser speckle extensometers are applied for the displacement measurement. A carbon-containing magnesia refractory (MgO–C) was selected for a case study. Based on the results obtained from tests, fracture mechanical parameters such as the specific fracture energy and the nominal notch tensile strength were calculated. An inverse simulation procedure applying the finite element method yields tensile strength, the total specific fracture energy, and the strain-softening behavior. Additionally, the creep behavior was also considered for the evaluation.

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17

HU, Shaowei, Aiqing XU, Xin HU, and Yangyang YIN. "Study on fracture characteristics of reinforced concrete wedge splitting tests." Computers and Concrete 18, no. 3 (September 25, 2016): 337–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.18.3.337.

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18

Esipov, I. B., G. V. Koenigsberger, O. E. Popov, V. Ya Poddubnyak, and V. I. Mikheev. "Spatial Splitting of an Acoustic Signal in a Coastal Wedge." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 85, no. 6 (June 2021): 691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1062873821060095.

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19

Seitl, Stanislav, Sara Korte, Wouter de Corte, Veerle Boel, Jakub Sobek, and Václav Veselý. "Selecting a Suitable Specimen Shape with Low Constraint Value for Determination of Fracture Parameters of Cementitious Composites." Key Engineering Materials 577-578 (September 2013): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.481.

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The stress intensity factor and the T-stress describing the near-crack-tip fields for selected specimen shapes of a test geometry based on wedge splitting and three point bending tests with several variants of boundary conditions are computed using finite element software ANSYS. The test configuration in question is expected to be a convenient alternative to classical fracture tests (especially the tensile ones) for investigation of the quasi-brittle fracture of building materials, when low constraint is requested. These specimens are investigated within the framework of two-parameter fracture mechanics; near-crack-tip stress field parameters are determined and compared with those of the wedge splitting test due to their shape similarity. The sensitivity of the values of these parameters to the boundary conditions is also shown. Suitable choice of the shape of the specimens is discussed.

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20

Kanaujia, Jyotima, Supriyo Mitra, S. C. Gupta, and M. L. Sharma. "Crustal anisotropy from shear-wave splitting of local earthquakes in the Garhwal Lesser Himalaya." Geophysical Journal International 219, no. 3 (September 10, 2019): 2013–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz404.

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SUMMARY Crustal anisotropy of the Garhwal Lesser Himalaya has been studied using local earthquake data from the Tehri seismic network. Earthquakes with magnitude (mL) up to 3, which occurred between January 2008 to December 2010, have been used for the shear wave splitting (SWS) analysis. SWS measurements have been done for steeply incident ray paths (ic ≤ 45°) to estimate the anisotropy fast axis orientation (ϕ) and the delay time (∂t). A total of 241 waveforms have been analysed, which yielded 209 splitting measurements, and 32 null results. The analysis reveals spatial and depth variation of ϕ and ∂t, suggesting complex anisotropic structure beneath the Garhwal Lesser Himalaya. The mean ∂t is estimated to be 0.07 ± 0.065 s with a mean depth normalized ∂t of 0.005 s km–1. We present the ϕ and Vs per cent anisotropy results by segregating these as a function of depth, for earthquakes originating above and below the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT); and spatially, for stations located in the Outer Lesser Himalaya (OLH) and the Inner Lesser Himalaya (ILH). Earthquakes above the MHT sample only the Himalayan wedge, while those below the MHT sample both the underthrust Indian crust and the Himalayan wedge. Within the Himalayan wedge, for both OLH and ILH, the mean ϕ is oriented NE–SW, in the direction of maximum horizontal compressive stress axis (SHmax). This anisotropy is possibly due to stress-aligned microcracks controlled by the local stress pattern within the Himalayan wedge. The mean of normalized ∂t for all events originating within the Himalaya is 0.006 s km–1, which yields a Vs per cent anisotropy of ∼2.28 per cent. Assuming a homogeneous distribution of stress-aligned microcracks we compute a crack density of ∼0.0228 for the Garhwal Lesser Himalaya. At stations close to the regional fault systems, the mean ϕ is subparallel to the strike of the faults, and the anisotropy, locally, appears to be structure-related. For earthquakes originating below the MHT, in OLH, the mean ϕ orientation matches those from the Himalayan wedge and the normalized ∂t decreases with depth. This suggests depth localization of the anisotropy, primarily present within the Himalayan wedge. In the ILH, we observe large variations in the mean ϕ orientation and larger values of ∂t close to the regional fault/thrust systems. This is possibly a composite effect of the structure-related shallow crustal anisotropy and the frozen anisotropy of the underthrusting Indian crust. However, these cannot be segregated in this study.

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21

Seo, Jungkun. "Wedge-issue dynamics and party position shifts." Party Politics 17, no. 6 (August 9, 2010): 823–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068810376184.

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Even when the stakes of party-building are high, political parties often find their members divided over a key policy position. In post-Reconstruction America, the hot-button issue of excluding Chinese immigrant workers strengthened Democratic cohesion while splitting the ‘party of Lincoln’. Previous research has not completely investigated the role of party competition and cohesiveness in paving the way for passage of the Chinese exclusion laws. In this investigation of the legislative politics of banning the Chinese from 1879 to 1882, it is found that cross-pressured members sometimes facilitate party transformation. The evidence demonstrates that partisan responses to potential wedge issues are a previously unnoticed source of explanation of eventual party position changes.

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22

ISHIGURO, Satoru. "Evaluation of Fracture Properties of Concrete Using Wedge Splitting Test Method." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 52, no. 9 (2003): 1043–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.52.1043.

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23

Guan, J. F., X. Z. Hu, C. P. Xie, Q. B. Li, and Z. M. Wu. "Wedge-splitting tests for tensile strength and fracture toughness of concrete." Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 93 (February 2018): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tafmec.2017.09.006.

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24

Sitek, Marta, Grzegorz Adamczewski, Marcin Szyszko, Bartłomiej Migacz, Paweł Tutka, and Maja Natorff. "Numerical Simulations of a Wedge Splitting Test for High-strength Concrete." Procedia Engineering 91 (2014): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.021.

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25

Que, N. S., and F. Tin-Loi. "Numerical evaluation of cohesive fracture parameters from a wedge splitting test." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 69, no. 11 (July 2002): 1269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-7944(01)00131-x.

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26

Karihaloo, B. L., H. Abdalla, and Q. Z. Xiao. "Coefficients of the crack tip asymptotic field for wedge splitting specimens." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 70, no. 17 (November 2003): 2407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-7944(03)00005-5.

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27

Kim, Jin-Keun, and Yun-Yong Kim. "Fatigue crack growth of high-strength concrete in wedge-splitting test." Cement and Concrete Research 29, no. 5 (May 1999): 705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-8846(99)00025-3.

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28

Jamaaoui, A., O. Pop, R. Ktari, A. Millien, and C. Petit. "Analyzing of Wedge Splitting Test on Asphalt Pavement Using Optical Measurements." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 45, no. 6 (September 6, 2017): 20160588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20160588.

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29

Xiao, Jianzhuang, Holger Schneider, Cindy Dönnecke, and Gert König. "Wedge splitting test on fracture behaviour of ultra high strength concrete." Construction and Building Materials 18, no. 6 (July 2004): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.016.

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30

Vargas, R., J. Neggers, R. B. Canto, J. A. Rodrigues, and F. Hild. "Analysis of wedge splitting test on refractory castable via integrated DIC." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 36, no. 16 (December 2016): 4309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.07.007.

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31

Sinn, G., P. Beer, M. Gindl, and S. Stanzl-Tschegg. "Wedge splitting experiments on three-layered particleboard and consequences for cutting." Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 66, no. 2 (February 2, 2008): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-008-0225-9.

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32

Holušová, Táňa, Stanislav Seitl, and Alfonso Fernández Canteli. "Comparison of Fracture Energy Values Obtained from 3PB, WST and CT Test Configurations." Advanced Materials Research 969 (June 2014): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.969.89.

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Modeling of concrete failure under fatigue loading is becoming a field of interest. Possible alternative testing solutions are now being searched. In this paper, the fracture energy for a certain concrete, resulting from three traditional fracture tests, namely three point bending test, wedge-splitting test and modified compact tension test, is investigated.

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33

Qian, Fan, Hong Xia Li, Guo Qi Liu, Wen Gang Yang, Jin Song Yang, Jian Bin Yu, and Tian Fei Ma. "Fracture Energy of Refractories." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 1142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.1142.

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This paper introduce the relationship between fracture energy of refractories and its thermal shock resistance, and research status about fracture energy of refractories. It shows that investigation on fracture energy of refractories at high temperature is positive significance for evaluation of thermal shock resistance, and wedge splitting method for fracture energy of refractories is an effective method.

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34

Klon, Jiří, Jakub Sobek, and Václav Veselý. "Spatial Modeling of Wedge-Splitting Test on Cylindrical Specimens Using FEM Software." Procedia Engineering 190 (2017): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.05.359.

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35

Jamaaoui, Amine, Octavian Pop, Frédéric Dubois, and Guy Costa. "Wedge Splitting Test on Douglas genotypes using an integrated mixed-mode approach." Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 91 (October 2017): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tafmec.2017.03.012.

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36

Yasumatsu, Hisato, Akira Terasaki, and Tamotsu Kondow. "Splitting a chemical bond with a molecular wedge via cluster-surface collisions." Journal of Chemical Physics 106, no. 9 (March 1997): 3806–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473434.

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37

Tofil, Arkadiusz, and Zbigniew Pater. "Wasteless Splitting of Metal Round Bars Basing on Cross-Wedge Rolling Process." Acta Mechanica Slovaca 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2011): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21496/ams.2011.005.

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38

Ostapska, Katarzyna, and Kjell Arne Malo. "Wedge splitting test of wood for fracture parameters estimation of Norway Spruce." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 232 (June 2020): 107024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.107024.

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39

Samadi, S., S. Jin, and H. Harmuth. "Combined damaged elasticity and creep modeling of ceramics with wedge splitting tests." Ceramics International 47, no. 18 (September 2021): 25846–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.05.315.

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40

Veselý, Václav, Jan Bedáň, Jakub Sobek, and Stanislav Seitl. "Work of Fracture due to Compressive Component of Loading in Wedge Splitting Test on Quasi-Brittle Cementitious Specimens." Key Engineering Materials 627 (September 2014): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.627.317.

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The paper presents an analysis of the influence of the compressive (vertical) component of the loading force in the wedge splitting test on the values of fracture characteristics determined using standard procedures where this component is ignored. Particularly, a portion of work of fracture due to this compressive component of loading working on vertical displacements is investigated and given into relation with the common part of work of fracture calculated in the horizontal direction only. The results show that, based on the angle and width of the wedge used in the particular WST configuration, the portion of the work of fracture due to compressive loading can be considerable and should not be neglected.

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41

Wang, Xue Zhi, Zong Chao Xu, Zhong Bi, and Hao Wang. "Experimental Investigation on Relative Crack Length For Fracture Toughness of Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 1524–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.1524.

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The wedge splitting test specimens with three series of different relative crack length were used to study the influences of relative crack length on the fracture toughness of common concrete. The suitable formulation for fracture toughness of concrete with different relative crack length was gotten on comparing between fracture toughness test results and computation results of the model developed from Hu formula.

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42

Tofil, A. "Research of New Splitting Process of Pipe Billets from 2618A Aluminium Alloy Basing on Cross-Wedge Rolling." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 725–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2013-0061.

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Abstract This paper are presented the results of theoretical and experimental research on splitting without waste of pipe billets from aluminium alloy realized basing on cross-wedge rolling method. The analyzed process is connected with rolling of a V-shape groove on a split billet circumference, and later with rotary bending causing material separation. In theoretical analysis, based on simulations by means of finite element method, basic models of metal cracking (brittle and ductile) were applied. During calculations, the following process parameters were changed: forming angle α, bending angle θ and reduction ratio ∆r. The achieved results allowed for a precise analysis of the splitting process within the scope of: state of strain, kinematics of flow, force parameters, state of stresses and type of cracking of the split material. On the basis of experimental research, the influence of the analyzed parameters on the surface of splitting was estimated and scope of parameters guaranteeing the assumed quality of the product was given. The comparison of theoretical and experimental results showed good conformity.

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43

Šimonová, Hana, Ivana Havlíková, Jakub Sobek, Alaa Abdulrahman, Zbyněk Keršner, and Ildiko Merta. "Evaluation of Wedge Splitting Fracture Tests Using the Double-K Model: Analysis of the Effect of Hemp Fibre Dosage and Length in Concrete Specimens." Solid State Phenomena 249 (April 2016): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.249.142.

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This paper deals with the results obtained from the employment of a selected fracture model to evaluate wedge splitting fracture tests carried out on hemp fibre concrete specimens. The research work was focused mainly on the effect of the dosage and length of hemp fibres on the initiation part of crack propagation in concrete specimens, and on critical crack opening displacement. Concrete mixtures with different volumetric dosages (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 %) and fibre lengths (10, 20 and 40 mm) were prepared, and six identical specimens were cast from each mixture. Specimens were also cast from a reference mixture, which was without fibres. The specimens were provided with an initial notch and tested using the wedge splitting test method. Load versus crack mouth opening displacement diagrams were recorded during testing and (after data filtering and appropriate modifications) subsequently evaluated using the Double-K fracture model. This model allows the evaluation of two material parameters – the initiation fracture toughness, which defines the onset of stable crack propagation, and the unstable fracture toughness, which defines the onset of unstable cracking or failure. Finally, the critical crack opening displacement was determined with the assumption of the bilinear function of softening in tension.

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44

Xu, Ling. "Numerical study of viscous starting flow past wedges." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 801 (July 19, 2016): 150–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.442.

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This paper presents a numerical study of vortex formation in the impulsively started viscous flow past an infinite wedge, for wedge angles ranging from $60^{\circ }$ to $150^{\circ }$. The Navier–Stokes equations are solved in the vorticity-streamfunction formulation using a time-splitting scheme. The vorticity convection is computed using a semi-Lagrangian method. The vorticity diffusion is computed using an implicit finite difference scheme, after mapping the physical domain conformally onto a rectangle. The results show details of the vorticity evolution and associated streamline and streakline patterns. In particular, a hierarchical formation of recirculating regions corresponding to alternating signs of vorticity is revealed. The appearance times of these vorticity regions of alternate signs, as well as their dependence on the wedge angles, are investigated. The scaling behaviour of the vortex centre trajectory and vorticity is reported, and solutions are compared with those available from laboratory experiments and the inviscid similarity theory.

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Grasset-Bourdel, Renaud, Arnaud Alzina, Marc Huger, Thierry Chotard, Robert Emler, Dietmar Gruber, and Harald Harmuth. "Tensile behaviour of magnesia-spinel refractories: Comparison of tensile and wedge splitting tests." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 33, no. 5 (May 2013): 913–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2012.10.031.

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Bowman, J. R., and M. Ando. "Shear-wave splitting in the upper-mantle wedge above the Tonga subduction zone." Geophysical Journal International 88, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1987.tb01367.x.

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Hu, Xin, Shaowei Hu, and Xiangqian Fan. "Influence of Defects on Reinforced Concrete Fracture Performance in Improved Wedge Splitting Tests." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 47, no. 2 (June 6, 2018): 20170176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20170176.

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Zhu, Tianbin, Yawei Li, Shaobai Sang, and Zhipeng Xie. "Fracture behavior of low carbon MgO–C refractories using the wedge splitting test." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 37, no. 4 (April 2017): 1789–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.11.013.

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Brühwiler, E., and F. H. Wittmann. "The wedge splitting test, a new method of performing stable fracture mechanics tests." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 35, no. 1-3 (January 1990): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(90)90189-n.

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Harmuth, H. "Stability of crack propagation associated with fracture energy determined by wedge splitting specimen." Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 23, no. 1 (June 1995): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8442(95)00008-3.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Splitting wedge'

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