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Journal articles on the topic 'Sporophore formation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Elizabeth, Julie I., and T. Sheela Paul. "Growth and yield of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.) on organically amended agro wastes." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION 13, no. 2 (October 15, 2020): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijpp/13.2/160-165.

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The present experiment was conducted to identify the best organic amendment on the growth and yield of five species of oyster mushrooms viz.,Pleurotus florida, P. sajor-caju, P. eous, P. tuber-regium and Hypsizygus ulmarius by using organic amendments like rice bran, dry azolla, Neem cake, vermiwash and dry biogas slurry at three different concentrations. The effect of organic amendments on the number of days for sporophore formation, number and weight of sporophores varied according to the mushroom species. Results revealed that except dry biogas slurry, all organic amendments had superior ef

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C. T. Kumbhar, D. Godse, and A. C. Jadhav L. S. Shitole. "Effect of Growth Regulators and Micronutrients on Growth and Yield of Pleurotus sajor-caju." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (December 10, 2021): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1012.028.

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The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of various growth regulators and micronutrients on growth and yield of Pleurotus sajor-caju. Results of the research explicitly indicated that the growth regulators and micronutrients experimented at different concentrations, targeting at stimulating growth and sporophore yield of Pleurotus sajor-caju, displayed significantly diverse response to in vitro colony diameter of the fungus, days required for spawn run, pinhead formation, first harvest of sporophores, yield of sporophores and biological efficiency. However, among the growth

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Latgé, J. P., D. F. Perry, M. C. Prévost, and R. A. Samson. "Ultrastructural studies of primary spores of Conidiobolus, Erynia, and related Entomophthorales." Canadian Journal of Botany 67, no. 9 (September 1, 1989): 2576–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b89-333.

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Wall development during primary spore formation, discharge, and germination of Entomophthorales is emphasized in ultrastructural studies of Conidiobolus, Entomophaga, Neozygites, and Erynia. In the fungi examined, spore and sporophore walls consist of a thick, electron-translucent inner layer and a thin, electron-dense outer layer. During spore formation, cytoplasm of the supporting sporophore cell migrates into the spore initial. As the former cell empties, a septum develops. Discharge is caused by inversion of the papillum, which lacks the electron-dense layer. Only in Erynia did the two spo

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Combet, Emilie, Janey Henderson, Daniel C. Eastwood, and Kerry S. Burton. "Influence of Sporophore Development, Damage, Storage, and Tissue Specificity on the Enzymic Formation of Volatiles in Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57, no. 9 (May 13, 2009): 3709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf8036209.

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5

Khan, Foziya, and Ramesh Chandra. "EFFECT OF PHYSIOCHEMICAL FACTORS ON FRUITING BODY FORMATION IN MUSHROOM." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 10 (October 2, 2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i10.20086.

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Objective: Fungi are heterotrophs and are involved in decomposition, nutrient cycling and nutrient transport, and are indispensable for achieving sustainable development. Mushrooms are the fungi with a distinctive fruiting body. Mushrooms are produced all over the world. In India, Punjab is the leading mushroom growing state. Mushrooms are rich sources of proteins, vitamins and minerals. Different types of immunoceuticals like lentinan, schizophyllan, active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) etc. have also been prepared from various mushrooms. The present review work highlights important obser

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Ficke, Andrea, David M. Gadoury, Robert C. Seem, and Ian B. Dry. "Effects of Ontogenic Resistance upon Establishment and Growth of Uncinula necator on Grape Berries." Phytopathology® 93, no. 5 (May 2003): 556–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2003.93.5.556.

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Grape berries become resistant to powdery mildew early in development and are nearly immune to infection within 4 weeks after bloom. In this study, ontogenic resistance did not reduce attachment, germination, or appressorium formation of Uncinula necator on 3- to 4-week-old berries of Vitis vinifera ‘Chardonnay’ or 3-week-old berries of V. labruscana ‘Concord’. Pathogen ingress halted at the cuticle before formation of a penetration pore. As berries aged, hyphal elongation and colony growth slowed until finally no secondary hyphae formed on fully resistant berries. More appressoria formed per

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Annepu, Sudheer Kumar, Sharma VP, Anupam Barh, Satish Kumar, Mahantesh Shirur, and Shwet Kamal. "Effects of genotype and growing substrate on bio-efficiency of gourmet and medicinal mushroom, Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 48, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v48i1.47431.

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The preference of a particular strain to a specific substrate in shiitake mushroom was investigated. The effect of different genotypes (DMRO-34, DMRO-23, DMRO-327 and DMRO-388s), substrates (sawdust and wheat straw) and their interactions were found highly significant for yield and yield attributing factors. Strain DMRO-388s recorded the highest bio-efficiency (85.63%) on saw dust (SD) and the strain DMRO-327 with 53.02% on wheat straw (WS). The mycelial colonization was rapid on SD, while the sporophore formation was found earlier on WS. Breakdown of phenolic compounds in the substrate was fo

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Tang, C. M., L. D. Waterman, M. H. Smith та C. F. Thurston. "The cel4 Gene of Agaricus bisporus Encodes a β-Mannanase". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, № 5 (1 травня 2001): 2298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.5.2298-2303.2001.

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ABSTRACT Mannases have industrial uses in food and pulp industries, and their regulation may influence development of the mushrooms of commercially important basidiomycetes. We expressed an Agaricus bisporus cel4 cDNA, which encodes a mannanase, inSaccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris. CEL4 had no detectable activity on cellulose or xylan. This gene is the first isolated from this economically important fungus to encode a mannanase. P. pastoris secreted about three times more CEL4 than S. cerevisiae. The removal of the cellulose-binding domain of CEL4 lowered the secreted specific activ

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9

Hermsen, Elizabeth J. "Revisions to the fossil sporophyte record of Marsilea." Acta Palaeobotanica 59, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acpa-2019-0005.

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Abstract The fossil record of Marsilea is challenging to assess, due in part to unreliable reports and conflicting opinions regarding the proper application of the names Marsilea and Marsileaceaephyllum to fossil leaves and leaflets similar to those of modern Marsilea. Specimens examined for this study include material assigned to Marsileaceaephyllum johnhallii, purportedly the oldest fossil record of a Marsilea-like sporophyte from the Lower Cretaceous of the Dakota Formation, Kansas, U.S.A.; leaves and leaf whorls of the extinct aquatic angiosperm Fortuna from several Late Cretaceous and Pal

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10

Sundberg, Sebastian. "Sporophyte production and spore dispersal phenology in Sphagnum: the importance of summer moisture and patch characteristics." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 543–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-060.

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Sporophyte production in Sphagnum was followed annually in 80 permanent 1-m2 plots at the bog expanse of a pristine mire during 19931999 and in 60 plots in peat pits abandoned 50 years ago during 19961999 in east central Sweden. The nine most abundant Sphagnum species produced sporophytes, with mean annual production ranging from 0.64 to 20 sporophytes/dm2 of cover among species. An estimated mean of 16 million Sphagnum spores/m2 mire area was produced annually at both mires. At the pristine mire, sporophyte production was positively related to the amount of precipitation the previous summer

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11

Kai, Tomoki, Kazumi Nimura, Hajime Yasui, and Hiroyuki Mizuta. "Regulation of Sorus Formation by Auxin in Laminariales Sporophyte." Journal of Applied Phycology 18, no. 1 (February 2006): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-005-9020-8.

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12

Kawakami, Suzue M., Michio Ito, and Shogo Kawakami. "Apogamous sporophyte formation in a fernPteris multifida and its characteristics." Journal of Plant Research 108, no. 2 (June 1995): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02344342.

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13

Hedenäs, Lars, and Irene Bisang. "Episodic but ample sporophyte production in the moss Drepanocladus turgescens (Bryophyta: Amblystegiaceae) in SE Sweden." Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales 68, no. 1-2 (July 1, 2019): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2019-0009.

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Abstract In the Baltic area, the long-lived dioicous wetland moss Drepanocladus turgescens (T.Jensen) Broth. produces sporophytes rarely and at irregular intervals. Based on surveys of sporophyte occurrences at 13 sites in two regions in northern Gotland (Sweden) during three to five years, we ask: (1) Is sporophyte formation associated with precipitation and a precipitation index that considers the dry periods during July-August of the preceding year, when gametangia are formed and fertilization occurs? (2) Does the estimated spore output suffice for the species’ long-term persistence of the

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14

Rolleri, C. H., C. Prada, J. M. Gabriel y Galán, L. M. Passarelli, and M. M. Ciciarelli. "Morphology of the sporophyte and gametophyte of the swamp fern, Blechnum serrulatum (Blechnaceae, Pteridophyta)." Australian Journal of Botany 58, no. 6 (2010): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt09238.

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In the present paper, we provide a revised, comprehensive description of the sporophyte and gametophyte of the swamp fern, Blechnum serrulatum Rich., from neo- and paleotropical localities. External and internal characters of the sporophyte were analysed, including axes, laminae, pinnae, indusia and spores. Intercellular pectic connections of the parenchyma of the rhizomes are reported for the first time. In stipes, cell walls of the aerenchyma tissue contain filamentous protuberances that are composed primarily of cellulose but contain also fatty substances. The morphology of the gametophyte,

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Kawakami, Suzue M., Shogo Kawakami, Katsuhiko Kondo, and Alexander Shmakov. "Cytological studies of Russian Altai ferns and the haploid sporophyte formation." Chromosome Botany 6, no. 2 (2011): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3199/iscb.6.21.

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16

Маkоvеi, M. D. "The breeding method and its influence on the intensification of the tomato selection process." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 5 (October 30, 2020): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2020-5-43-48.

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Relevance. The article presents the results of using three different selection methods to obtain new forms of tomato that combine high productivity with resistance to high-temperature stress factor.Methods. Eleven hybrid combinations were used as experimental material. Selections were made starting with the offspring of the F1 generation. Three different methodological approaches were used: 1 – step-by-step alternation of sporophytic-gametophytic selections under high temperature pressure; 2 – only gametophytic selection using heat-treated pollen for pollination; 3 – traditional selections bas

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17

Park, Kyungtae, Bo Kook Jang, Ha Min Lee, Ju Sung Cho, and Cheol Hee Lee. "An Efficient Method for In Vitro Shoot-Tip Culture and Sporophyte Production Using Selaginella martensii Spring Sporophyte." Plants 9, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9020235.

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Selaginella martensii, an evergreen perennial fern that is native to South America and New Zealand, is named “frosty fern” because of its beautiful white-colored leaves and it is used as an ornamental plant. Efficient propagation methods for this species have not been developed. We aimed to develop an efficient propagation method for S. martensii through in vitro culture. We investigated culture conditions that are suitable for shoot-tip proliferation and growth. The optimum shoot-tip culture conditions were determined while using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (quarter, half, full, or double

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18

Takeno, Kiyotoshi, and Masaki Furuya. "Sporophyte formation in experimentally-induced unisexual female and bisexual gametophytes ofLygodium japonicum." Botanical Magazine Tokyo 100, no. 1 (March 1987): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02488418.

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19

Goller, Katarzyna, and Jan J. Rybczyński. "Gametophyte and sporophyte of tree ferns in vitro culture." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 76, no. 3 (2011): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2007.022.

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Experiments had been carried out on gametophytes and very young fronds of sporophytes with application of Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium. The paper described the results of 15 years in vitro experiments on 16 species of tree ferns belonging to various genera: <em>Blechnum</em>, <em>Cibotium</em>, <em>Cyathea</em> and <em>Dicksonia</em>. Genus <em>Cyathea</em> was represented by: <em>C. australis</em> (R.Br.) Domin., <em>C. capensis</em> (L.f.) Sm., <em>C. cooperi</em> (F.Muell.) Domin, <em>

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20

Xingxue, Li, and J. F. Rigby. "Further contributions to the study of the Qubu Flora from southern Xizang (Tibet)." Journal of Palaeosciences 44 (December 31, 1995): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1995.1200.

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The taxonomy of Glossopteris species occurring in the Qubu Formation is reviewed; G. xizangensis is proposed. Samaropsis xizangensis is proposed for seeds found attached to G. xizangensis. An affiliation with the Glossopteris flora of the Mamal Formation, Kashmir appears valid although the number of distinctive species in common is reduced to Glossopteris dingriensis. Aspects of sporophyte taxa are reviewed in the light of doubts concerning affiliations proposed previously. Additional specimens are needed before problems can be resolved concerning species of Sphenophyllum or Trizygia, Au

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Jang, Bo Kook, Ju Sung Cho, and Cheol Hee Lee. "Propagation methods for gametophyte proliferation and sporophyte formation in silver cloak fern (Cheilanthes argentea)." Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology 60, no. 3 (May 17, 2019): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13580-019-00128-6.

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22

Sundari, M., Asir Benniamin, Doss Jesubalan, and Kaushik Sarkar. "In vitro propagation of Asplenium aethiopicum through tissue culture." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 28, no. 2 (January 15, 2022): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2022-21a0h6.

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Poor viability of spores and germination and slow growth in conventional vegetative propagation are major constraints in the in vitro culture of Asplenium aethiopicum, an important medicinal fern. In the present study, a procedure for in vitro propagation of this endangered fern through croziers has been established. Maximum sporophytes efficiency was obtained on KC media supplemented with growth regulators such as 0.5mg/l NAA & 0.5mg/l 2,4-D with 2 sucrose under photoperiod condition. Maximum frequency (33.2%) of callus formation and germination of sporophyte was observed on KC medium wit

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Renzaglia, Karen Sue, R. Joel Duff, Daniel L. Nickrent, and David J. Garbary. "Vegetative and reproductive innovations of early land plants: implications for a unified phylogeny." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 355, no. 1398 (June 29, 2000): 769–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0615.

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As the oldest extant lineages of land plants, bryophytes provide a living laboratory in which to evaluate morphological adaptations associated with early land existence. In this paper we examine reproductive and structural innovations in the gametophyte and sporophyte generations of hornworts, liverworts, mosses and basal pteridophytes. Reproductive features relating to spermatogenesis and the architecture of motile male gametes are overviewed and evaluated from an evolutionary perspective. Phylogenetic analyses of a data set derived from spermatogenesis and one derived from comprehensive morp

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Kim, Seohyun, Jin-Sup Park, Jaehoon Lee, Kiseok Keith Lee, Ok-Sun Park, Hee-Seung Choi, Pil Joon Seo, et al. "The DME demethylase regulates sporophyte gene expression, cell proliferation, differentiation, and meristem resurrection." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 29 (July 15, 2021): e2026806118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026806118.

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The flowering plant life cycle consists of alternating haploid (gametophyte) and diploid (sporophyte) generations, where the sporophytic generation begins with fertilization of haploid gametes. In Arabidopsis, genome-wide DNA demethylation is required for normal development, catalyzed by the DEMETER (DME) DNA demethylase in the gamete companion cells of male and female gametophytes. In the sporophyte, postembryonic growth and development are largely dependent on the activity of numerous stem cell niches, or meristems. Analyzing Arabidopsis plants homozygous for a loss-of-function dme-2 allele,

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Jang, Bo Kook, Ju Sung Cho, and Cheol Hee Lee. "Synthetic Seed Technology Development and Production Studies for Storage, Transport, and Industrialization of Bracken Spores." Plants 9, no. 9 (August 22, 2020): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091079.

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Bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. ex A. Heller) has long been grown industrially in South Korea. Conventional propagation methods, including planting rhizomes and in vitro seedling culture, are labor intensive and expensive, and thus not commercially suitable. We aimed to develop a system to produce synthetic seeds using fern spores (SFS). Synthetic seeds were prepared by mixing bracken spores and alginate matrix. Spore germination and gametophyte and sporophyte growth and development from SFS proceeded normally. Spore density affected gametophyte and sporophyt

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Peng, Li, Zhen Kai Li, Xiao Li Ding, and Hui Qiao Tian. "Advances in the study of egg activation of higher plants." Zygote 26, no. 6 (December 2018): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199418000539.

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SummaryFertilization in higher plants induces many structural and physiological changes in the fertilized egg, and represents the transition from the haploid female gamete to the diploid zygote, the first cell of a sporophyte. Some changes are induced extremely rapidly following fusion with sperm cells and are the preclusions of egg activation. This review focuses on the early changes that occur in the egg after fusion with sperm cells, but before nuclear fusion. Reported changes include cell shrinkage, cell wall formation, polarity change, oscillation in Ca2+ concentration, and DNA synthesis.

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Mizuta, Hiroyuki, Kazumi Nimura, and Hirotoshi Yamamoto. "Inducible Conditions for Sorus Formation of the Sporophyte Discs of Laminaria japonica Areschoug (Phaeophyceae)." Fisheries science 65, no. 1 (1999): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/fishsci.65.104.

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ØDegaard, Siri, Kjersti SjØTun, Tor Eiliv Lein, and Eyvind Aas. "Sporophyte formation ofLaminaria hyperborea(Laminariales, phaeophyceae) related to photon doses of blue light in the sea." Sarsia 83, no. 4 (October 9, 1998): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1998.10413689.

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Pangua, Emilia, Santiago Pajarón, and Luis G. Quintanilla. "Fitness of an allopolyploid rupicolous fern compared with its diploid progenitors: from sporogenesis to sporophyte formation." American Journal of Botany 106, no. 7 (June 12, 2019): 984–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1314.

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Banks, J. A. "Sex-determining genes in the homosporous fern Ceratopteris." Development 120, no. 7 (July 1, 1994): 1949–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.7.1949.

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Haploid Ceratopteris gametophytes are either hermaphroditic or male. The determinate of sex type is the pheromone antheridiogen (ACE) which is secreted by the meristic hermaphrodite and promotes ameristic male development of sexually undetermined gametophytes. Several mutations effecting the sex of the haploid gametophyte have been isolated and are described. The hermaphroditic (her) mutants are insensitive to ACE and develop as meristic hermaphrodites. These mutations effect ameristic male development in the presence of ACE but have no effect on hermaphroditic development. While most her muta

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Konrat, Matt von, Peter de Lange, Juan Larraín, Jörn Hentschel, Benjamin Carter, Jon Shaw, and Blanka Shaw. "A small world: Uncovering hidden diversity in Frullania – a new species from Aotearoa-New Zealand." Polish Botanical Journal 58, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pbj-2013-0056.

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Abstract Frullania is a large and taxonomically complex genus. Here a new Frullania, F. toropuku von Konrat, de Lange & Larraín, sp. nov. is described from New Zealand. Frullania toropuku is placed in F. subg. Microfrullania. The new species is readily recognised by a combination of morphological characters associated with branching, the perianth, sexuality, and sporophyte, which distinguish it from all other New Zealand and regional species of Frullania. However, morphologically F. toropuku most closely resembles the widespread F. rostrata, which might well be regarded as a Southern Hemis

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DUCKETT, JEFFREY G., and SILVIA PRESSEL. "The Colorful Phenology of Five Common Terricolous Mosses in London, England." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 39, no. 1 (July 24, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.39.1.8.

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Other than general statements about ‘fruiting’ seasons, published floras provide little or no instructive information on moss phenology. Moreover, detailed primary data on reproductive cycles are limited to a very few mosses and remain unknown for the majority of the commonest species. Thus we recorded, over a three year period, the reproductive stages of five very common mosses (Bryum capillare, B. radiculosum, Grimmia pulvinata, Schistidium crassipilum and Tortula muralis) growing on walls in London, England, relying throughout on freshly observed materials rather than dried specimens used i

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MIR, Ricardo, and Oscar VICENTE. "POLLEN: AN AMAZING MODEL SYSTEM TO STUDY A DISPARATE SERIES OF PLANT BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES." AgroLife Scientific Journal 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17930/agl2021117.

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Pollen, the male gametophyte of higher plants, represents an extremely interesting, and peculiar, experimental system for the study of diverse aspects of plant biology, apart from the - obvious - research on gametophytic development in itself. For example, cell cycle progression, as the formation of mature pollen from the microspore mother cells consists in a series of specific, often synchronous cell divisions: meiosis, the asymmetric microspore mitosis and the division of the generative pollen cell. Also, for the study of the interactions between the gametophyte and the sporophyte during pol

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34

Babenko, L. M., I. V. Kosakivska, and L. V. Voytenko. "Peculiarities of growth and lipoxygenase activity of wild fern Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 8, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2018_201.

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<p>We studied the peculiarities of growth, localization and dynamics of lipoxygenase activity in sporophyte organs of wild fern <em>Dryopteris filix-mas </em>(L.) Schott at various stages: intensive growth; sori ripening; spore release; summer vegetation, and vegetation termination. Morphometric analysis showed that the weight of one plant during sporophyte ontogenesis varied from 130 to 150 g. Frond length varied from 11 to 85 cm. Diameter of the overground part of rhizome was 9-10 cm. In the stage of spore release and during the summer vegetation we mentioned 7 fronds on pl

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35

Sundari, M., A. Benniamin, D. Jesubalan, and Rajeshwar Dayal. "In vitro spore germination of Pityrogramma calomelanos - A medicinal fern." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 28, no. 1 (November 30, 2021): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2021-3ejo69.

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Ferns have a great economic value based upon the good ornamental qualities of foliage. Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link. commonly known as ‘Silver fern’, belongs to the family Pteridaceae and is a terrestrial or lithophytic herbaceous fern distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is a medicinally important ornamental fern. The spore germination and developmental pattern of prothallium has been dealt herein with particular emphasis on gametophyte, emergence of antheridia as well as archegonia, their fertilization and turnover of sporophytes. The spores started germ

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Cvetic, Tijana, Marko Sabovljevic, Aneta Sabovljevic, and D. Grubisic. "In vitro culture and apogamy: Alternative pathway in the life cycle of the moss Amblystegium serpens (Amblystegiaceae)." Archives of Biological Sciences 57, no. 4 (2005): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0504267c.

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In vitro culture of the moss Amblystegium serpens (Amblystegiaceae) was established on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium that contained a half amount of MS micro- and macro- mineral salts and vitamins, 100 mg/l myoinositol, 30 g/l sucrose, and 0.70% (w/v) agar. Spores were germinated and primary protonema developed on the above medium at 16 h day/8 h night 25?2?C, 60-70% air humidity, and irradiance of 47 ?mol/m2s. Three months after development of primary protonema, seven sporophytes appeared directly from primary protonema without generation alternation. The phenomenon of apogamou

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Wang, Yuqing, Xiaoxiao Wu, Yongqing Lu, Huimin Fu, Shuqi Liu, Juan Zhao, and Chaoan Long. "Ferric Chloride Controls Citrus Anthracnose by Inducing the Autophagy Activity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 2 (February 9, 2023): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9020230.

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Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causes citrus anthracnose, which seriously endangers the pre-harvest production and post-harvest storage of citrus due to its devastating effects on fruit quality, shelf life, and profits. However, although some chemical agents have been proven to effectively control this plant disease, little to no efforts have been made to identify effective and safe anti-anthracnose alternatives. Therefore, this study assessed and verified the inhibitory effect of ferric chloride (FeCl3) against C. gloeosporioides. Our findings demonstrated that FeCl3 could effectively inhibit

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Cohen, Yigal, Yariv Ben Naim, Lidan Falach, and Avia E. Rubin. "Epidemiology of Basil Downy Mildew." Phytopathology® 107, no. 10 (October 2017): 1149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-01-17-0017-fi.

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Basil downy mildew (BDM) caused by the oomycete Peronospora belbahrii is a destructive disease of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) worldwide. It originated in Uganda in the 1930s and recently spread to Europe, the Middle East, Americas, and the Far East. Seed transmission may be responsible for its quick global spread. The pathogen attacks leaf blades, producing chlorotic lesions with ample dark asexual spores on the lower leaf surface. Oospores may form in the mesophyll of infected leaves. The asexual spores germinate on a wet leaf surface within 2 h and penetrate into the epidermis within 4 h.

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Sogn Andersen, Guri, Henning Steen, Hartvig Christie, Stein Fredriksen, and Frithjof Emil Moy. "Seasonal Patterns of Sporophyte Growth, Fertility, Fouling, and Mortality ofSaccharina latissimain Skagerrak, Norway: Implications for Forest Recovery." Journal of Marine Biology 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/690375.

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On the Skagerrak coast the kelpSaccharina latissimahas suffered severe stand reductions over the last decade, resulting in loss of important habitats. In the present study, healthy kelp plants were transplanted into four deforested areas and their patterns of growth, reproduction, and survival were monitored through subsequent seasons. Our main objective was to establish whether the kelp plants were able to grow and mature in deforested areas. We observed normal patterns of growth and maturation at all study sites. However, heavy fouling by epiphytes occurred each summer, followed by high kelp

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Poluyanov, Alexander, and Nikita Strukov. "Features of the ontogenesis of gametophytes of strains (Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Tod.) under conditions of different density of sowing of disputes." Diversity of plant world 1 (8) (May 27, 2021): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2686-9713-2021-1-5-17.

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The article deals with the effect of sowing density of spores on ontogenesis of gametophytes Matteuccia struthi-opteris (L.) Tod. This species is included in the Red Data Book of the Kursk Region (Krasnaia…, 2017). The ability to form viable gametophytes from spores in Matteuccia struthiopteris is often reduced and depends on many factors, including the population density of the seedlings themselves. Among the numerous forms of thalli of gametophytes in M. struthiopteris (filamentous, spatulate, asymmetric, cordate, wide-heart), only wide-heart thalli form an archegonial cushion capable of fer

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Ginting, Nurmaini, Hanifah Mutia Z. N. Amrul, and Ferdinand Susilo. "AN OVERVIEW OF BRYOPHYTES DIVISION." BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) 8, no. 1 (August 13, 2021): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/biolink.v8i1.4294.

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Bryophyte is a non-vascular plant, consisting of three classes: mosses, hornworts, and liverworts. The body forms have a thallus, and some have a leaf-like organ. The class division of the Bryophyte division is base on anatomical and morphological traits, such as meristem tissues, stomata, and vascular tissues. M Bryophyte has no vascular tissue, but it has a capillary that has functions like xylem and commonly refers to as hydroid. Mosses and hornworts have stomata on the sporophyte part, while in the liverworts, stomata are not found. Hornworts have a basal meristem that has an unpredictable

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Tanaka, Yasuyuki, Makio Mori, Koichi Ute, and Koichi Hatada. "Structure and Biosynthesis Mechanism of Rubber from Fungi." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 63, no. 1 (March 1, 1990): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538238.

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Abstract The structure of both terminal units and alignment of the isoprene units give conclusive evidence for the initiation and termination mechanisms of rubber formation in fungi. As shown in Figure 4, the polymerization is estimated to start from trans, trans-farnesyl pyrophosphate and proceeds by successive condensation of IPP to form isoprene units in the cis configuration. The termination is presumed to occur by direct esterification of polyisoprenyl pyrophosphate (PIP-PP) or dephosphorylation of PIP-PP followed by esterification with fatty acids. It is remarkable that the hydroxyl term

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Hiendlmeyer, Rosane, and Aurea Maria Randi. "Potential for Spore Germination, Sporophyte Formation and Growth of Young Sporophytes of Four Fern Species from the Atlantic Forest (Brazil)." American Fern Journal 100, no. 4 (October 2010): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-100.4.207.

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Hafidh, Said, and David Honys. "Reproduction Multitasking: The Male Gametophyte." Annual Review of Plant Biology 72, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 581–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-080620-021907.

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The gametophyte represents the sexual phase in the alternation of generations in plants; the other, nonsexual phase is the sporophyte. Here, we review the evolutionary origins of the male gametophyte among land plants and, in particular, its ontogenesis in flowering plants. The highly reduced male gametophyte of angiosperm plants is a two- or three-celled pollen grain. Its task is the production of two male gametes and their transport to the female gametophyte, the embryo sac, where double fertilization takes place. We describe two phases of pollen ontogenesis—a developmental phase leading to

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Hoffman, Georgia L., and Ruth A. Stockey. "Sporophytes, megaspores, and massulae of Azolla stanleyi from the Paleocene Joffre Bridge locality, Alberta." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-039.

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Several hundred vegetative and fertile specimens of Azolla Lam. have been recovered from the Paleocene Paskapoo Formation at the Joffre Bridge locality (Middle Tiffanian (Ti3) age) near Red Deer, Alberta. The spore complexes closely resemble those of the Paleocene A. stanleyi Jain & Hall, and the vegetative material is referred to that species. The specimens are unusually complete in that the remains of the fragile sporophyte are preserved, commonly with reproductive structures in place. Plants reaching up to 2.25 cm in length consist of alternately branched rhizomes bearing alternate, imb

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G, Thiribhuvanamala, Krishnamoorthy A. S, Kavitha C, Shwet Kamal, Anil Kumar, and Sharma V.P. "Strategic Approaches for Outdoor Cultivation of Paddy Straw Mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) as Intercrop Under different Cropping Systems." Madras Agricultural Journal 108, March (2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.000486.

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The present study aimed to selectpotential strainof Volvariella volvacea suitable for outdoor cultivation in different cropping systems like Banana, Maize, Coconut, Coconut+Banana where such suitable microclimate prevails. Among the different strains of V.volvaceatested, the strain Vv-19-06 obtained from Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan,performed considerably superior with higher bioefficiency of 17.44 and sturdy sporophores at egg stage and storage life of 1.1 days under refrigerated condition.Moreover, the morphogenesis of button stage to matured mushrooms were extended up to 1.8 days

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Chaban, Inna A., Alexander A. Gulevich, Elena A. Smirnova, and Ekaterina N. Baranova. "Morphological and Ultrastructural Features of Formation of the Skin of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Kernel." Plants 10, no. 11 (November 21, 2021): 2538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10112538.

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The integumentary tissues of plant seeds protect the embryo (new sporophyte) forming in them from unfavorable external conditions; therefore, comprehensive knowledge about the structural and functional specificity of seed covers in various plants may be of both theoretical and practical interest. As a result of our study, additional data were obtained on the morphological and ultrastructural features of the formation of a multilayer skin of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) kernel (caryopsis). The ultrastructure research analysis showed that differentiation of the pericarp and inner integument of t

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Rozefelds, Andrew C., Mary E. Dettmann, H. Trevor Clifford, and Debra Lewis. "Macrofossil evidence of early sporophyte stages of a new genus of water fernTecaropteris(Ceratopteridoideae: Pteridaceae) from the Paleogene Redbank Plains Formation, southeast Queensland, Australia." Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40, no. 1 (August 25, 2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03115518.2015.1069460.

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Darienko, Tatyana, Cecilia Rad-Menéndez, Christine N. Campbell, and Thomas Pröschold. "Molecular Phylogeny of Unicellular Marine Coccoid Green Algae Revealed New Insights into the Systematics of the Ulvophyceae (Chlorophyta)." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (July 26, 2021): 1586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081586.

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Most marine coccoid and sarcinoid green algal species have traditionally been placed within genera dominated by species from freshwater or soil habitats. For example, the genera Chlorocystis and Halochlorococcum contain exclusively marine species; however, their familial and ordinal affinities are unclear. They are characterized by a vegetative cell with lobated or reticulated chloroplast, formation of quadriflagellated zoospores and living epi- or endophytically within benthic macroalgae. They were integrated into the family Chlorochytriaceae which embraces all coccoid green algae with epi- o

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Pires, Nuno D., and Liam Dolan. "Morphological evolution in land plants: new designs with old genes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1588 (February 19, 2012): 508–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0252.

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The colonization and radiation of multicellular plants on land that started over 470 Ma was one of the defining events in the history of this planet. For the first time, large amounts of primary productivity occurred on the continental surface, paving the way for the evolution of complex terrestrial ecosystems and altering global biogeochemical cycles; increased weathering of continental silicates and organic carbon burial resulted in a 90 per cent reduction in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The evolution of plants on land was itself characterized by a series of radical transformations of

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