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Journal articles on the topic 'Sporosarcina ureae'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

McCoy, Deborah D., Aysegul Cetin, and Robert P. Hausinger. "Characterization of urease from Sporosarcina ureae." Archives of Microbiology 157, no. 5 (May 1992): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00249097.

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2

Loshon, Charles A., and Peter Setlow. "Levels of small molecules in dormant spores of Sporosarcina species and comparison with levels in spores of Bacillus and Clostridium species." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 39, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m93-036.

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Dormant spores of Sporosarcina halophila and Sporosarcina ureae contained no detectable ATP, significant levels of ADP, even higher levels of AMP, and a large pool of 3-phosphoglyceric acid, similar to what is found in dormant spores of Bacillus and Clostridium species. Sporosarcina halophila and S. ureae spores also contained significant pools of free amino acids, in particular glutamic acid, as in the case with spores of Bacillus but not Clostridium species. Levels of monovalent and divalent inorganic cations were comparable in spores of Sporosarcina, Clostridium, and Bacillus species, and cation levels in spores of the slight halophile S. halophila were similar to those in S. ureae spores. These data suggest that levels of small molecules are generally similar in spores of all Gram-positive organisms, and further suggest that these levels reflect fundamental and conserved features of the sporulation process and dormant spores in these organisms. The data are also consistent with the proposed close evolutionary relationship between Bacillus and Sporosarcina species.Key words: Bacillus, Clostridium, small molecules, spores, Sporosarcina.
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3

Gruninger, Stephen E., and Manuel Goldman. "Evidence for urea cycle activity in Sporosarcina ureae." Archives of Microbiology 150, no. 4 (August 1988): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00408313.

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4

ASANO, Yasuhisa, and Akiko NAKAZAWA. "Crystallization of phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina ureae." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 49, no. 12 (1985): 3631–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.49.3631.

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5

Asano, Yasuhisa, and Akiko Nakazawa. "Crystallization of Phenylalanine Dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina ureae." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 49, no. 12 (December 1, 1985): 3631–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1985.10867322.

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6

Whitaker, Justin Michael, Sai Vanapalli, and Danielle Fortin. "Improving the strength of sandy soils via ureolytic CaCO<sub>3</sub> solidification by <i>Sporosarcina ureae</i>." Biogeosciences 15, no. 14 (July 18, 2018): 4367–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4367-2018.

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Abstract. “Microbially induced carbonate precipitation” (MICP) is a biogeochemical process that can be applied to strengthen materials. The hydrolysis of urea by microbial catalysis to form carbonate is a commonly studied example of MICP. In this study, Sporosarcina ureae, a ureolytic organism, was compared to other ureolytic and non-ureolytic organisms of Bacillus and Sporosarcina genera in the assessment of its ability to produce carbonates by ureolytic MICP for ground reinforcement. It was found that S. ureae grew optimally in alkaline (pH ∼ 9.0) conditions which favoured MICP and could degrade urea (units U mL−1 represent µmol min−1 mL OD600) at levels (30.28 U mL−1) similar to S. pasteurii (32.76 U mL−1), the model ureolytic MICP organism. When cells of S. ureae were concentrated (OD600 ∼ 15–20) and mixed with cementation medium containing 0.5 M calcium chloride (CaCl2) and urea into a model sand, repeated treatments (3 × 24 h) were able to improve the confined direct shear strength of samples from 15.77 kPa to as much as 135.80 kPa. This was more than any other organism observed in the study. Imaging of the reinforced samples with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the successful precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) across sand particles by S. ureae. Treated samples were also tested experimentally according to model North American climatic conditions to understand the environmental durability of MICP. No statistically significant (p < 0.05, n= 3) difference in strength was observed for samples that underwent freeze–thaw cycling or flood-like simulations. However, shear strength of samples following acid rain simulations fell to 29.2 % of control MICP samples. Overall, the species S. ureae was found to be an excellent organism for MICP by ureolysis to achieve ground strengthening. However, the feasibility of MICP as a durable reinforcement technique is limited by specific climate conditions (i.e. acid rain).
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7

M�rsdorf, Gerhard, and Heinrich Kaltwasser. "Ammonium assimilation in Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus pasteurii, and Sporosarcina ureae." Archives of Microbiology 152, no. 2 (July 1989): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00456089.

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8

Engelhardt, H., W. O. Saxton, and W. Baumeister. "Three-dimensional structure of the tetragonal surface layer of Sporosarcina ureae." Journal of Bacteriology 168, no. 1 (1986): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.168.1.309-317.1986.

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9

Zhang, Ling, Michael L. Higgins, and Patrick J. Piggot. "The division during bacterial sporulation is symmetrically located in Sporosarcina ureae." Molecular Microbiology 25, no. 6 (September 1997): 1091–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.5341892.x.

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10

Engelhardt, H., W. O. Saxton, and W. Baumeister. "3-D reconstruction of a regular bacterial surface layer: Effects of limited tilting and preparation conditions." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100142463.

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A 3-D reconstruction of the regular surface layer of the bacterium Sporosarcina ureae was performed with negatively stained preparations. Particular attention was paid to two major sources of artifacts that may cause problems in the interpretion and comparison of 3-D reconstructions: effects created by missing information due to limited tilting ("missing cone"), and distortions of the protein due to adsorption to the carbon support.
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11

Asano, Y., A. Nakazawa, and K. Endo. "Novel phenylalanine dehydrogenases from Sporosarcina ureae and Bacillus sphaericus. Purification and characterization." Journal of Biological Chemistry 262, no. 21 (July 1987): 10346–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)61119-6.

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12

ASANO, Yasuhisa, and Akiko NAKAZAWA. "High yield synthesis of L-amino acids by phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina ureae." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 51, no. 7 (1987): 2035–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.51.2035.

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13

Desai, Ashok E., and Pramila R. Bhamre. "Novel gut bacterial fauna of Gryllotalpa africana Beau. (Orthoptera : Gryllotalpidae)." International Journal of Life Sciences 6, no. 1 (May 28, 2012): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v6i1.5949.

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Gryllotalpa africana (Beauvois) is a successful group of detritus feeder therefore it is an important both for their roles in carbon cycling in the environment and converting organic decaying material in to biofuel. Hence, bacterial diversity and relationship were explored from the mole cricket G.africana (Beau) to show ideal symbiotic association. The analysis and characterization of gut micro biota of G.africana (Beau) revealed the presence of 10 species and two genera of bacteria viz. Acidiphilium rubrum, Dienococcus proteolyticus, Sporosarcina ureae, Micrococcus varians, Micrococcus kristinae, Acetobactrium, Alcaligenes eutrophus, Micrococcus roseus, Micrococcus lylae, Sporosarcina, Citrobacter amalonaticus and Corynebacterium xerosis. All the species and genera were confirmed by observing their morphological features of the colony and various biochemical tests. These results indicate that the presence of mole cricket specific bacterial lineages implies relationship of gut microbes and their host mole cricket. The outcome of this work indicted that the gut bacterial fauna of G.africana shows the species-rich with greater diverse communities which might be providing resistance to invasion of pathogenic bacteria. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v6i1.5949
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14

Jung, Jonas, Anja Blüher, Mathias Lakatos, and Gianaurelio Cuniberti. "Metal ion binding and tolerance of bacteria cells in view of sensor applications." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 7, no. 2 (July 6, 2018): 433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-433-2018.

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Abstract. The biotechnological use of bacterial cells and cell components for the detection and accumulation of valuable substances, such as metals and rare earth elements in aqueous systems, is possible by utilizing innate binding characteristics of microorganisms. We have studied the bacteria cells of Lysinibacillus sphaericus JG-B53 and Sporosarcina ureae ATCC 13881 to assess their potential applicability for the detection of rare earth elements, base metals or precious metals in water. First, we have demonstrated the interactions of the cells with the metal complexes of Au, Ho and Y by studying the color changes of the respective solutions, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the metal cluster decoration on the cell surfaces and cell growth tolerance tests. Based on these results, we have developed two potential sensor systems. A colorimetric sensor was established by applying gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with surface-layer (S-layer) proteins SslA of S. ureae ATCC 13881 or Slp1 of L. sphaericus JG-B53 for the selective detection of YCl3 up to 1.67 × 10−5 mol L−1 in water. Additionally, a regenerative sensor layer of S-layer proteins on a thin gold film was developed for the detection of 1 × 10−4 mol L−1 YCl3 in water by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy.
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15

Chary, Vasant K., David W. Hilbert, Michael L. Higgins, and Patrick J. Piggot. "The putative DNA translocase SpoIIIE is required for sporulation of the symmetrically dividing coccal species Sporosarcina ureae." Molecular Microbiology 35, no. 3 (April 5, 2002): 612–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01731.x.

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16

Knobloch, Denise, Kai Ostermann, and Gerhard Rödel. "Production, Secretion, and Cell Surface Display of Recombinant Sporosarcina ureae S-Layer Fusion Proteins in Bacillus megaterium." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 2 (November 18, 2011): 560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.06127-11.

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ABSTRACTMonomolecular crystalline bacterial cell surface layers (S-layers) have broad application potential in nanobiotechnology due to their ability to generate functional supramolecular structures. Here, we report thatBacillus megateriumis an excellent host organism for the heterologous expression and efficient secretion of hemagglutinin (HA) epitope-tagged versions of the S-layer protein SslA fromSporosarcina ureaeATCC 13881. Three chimeric proteins were constructed, comprising the precursor, C-terminally truncated, and N- and C-terminally truncated forms of the S-layer SslA protein tagged with the human influenza hemagglutinin epitope. For secretion of fusion proteins, the open reading frames were cloned into theEscherichia coli-Bacillus megateriumshuttle vector pHIS1525. After transformation of the respective plasmids intoBacillus megateriumprotoplasts, the recombinant genes were successfully expressed and the proteins were secreted into the growth medium. The isolated S-layer proteins are able to assemblein vitrointo highly ordered, crystalline, sheetlike structures with the fused HA tag accessible to antibody. We further show by fluorescent labeling that the secreted S-layer fusion proteins are also clustered on the cell envelope ofBacillus megaterium, indicating that the cell surface can servein vivoas a nucleation point for crystallization. Thus, this system can be used as a display system that allows the dense and periodic presentation of S-layer proteins or the fused tags.
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17

Jahns, Thomas, and Heinrich Kaltwasser. "Purification and properties of a heat-stable and cold-labile NAD-specific glutamate dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina ureae." Archives of Microbiology 161, no. 6 (June 1994): 531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00307776.

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18

Ryzhkov, Pavel M., Kai Ostermann, and Gerhard Rödel. "Isolation, gene structure, and comparative analysis of the S-layer gene sslA of Sporosarcina ureae ATCC 13881." Genetica 131, no. 3 (January 23, 2007): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10709-006-9135-0.

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19

Jahns, T., and H. Kaltwasser. "Purification and properties of a heat-stable and cold-labile NAD-specific glutamate dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina ureae." Archives of Microbiology 161, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050093.

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20

Riveros, Guillermo Alexander, and Abouzar Sadrekarimi. "Effect of microbially induced cementation on the instability and critical state behaviours of Fraser River sand." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 57, no. 12 (December 2020): 1870–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2019-0514.

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Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a naturally driven biological process that harnesses the natural metabolic action of bacteria to induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate and alter soil engineering properties. This paper presents the results of using MICP to improve the monotonic undrained yield and critical strengths of Fraser River sand specimens. Bacteria called “Sporosarcina ureae” are employed as a ureolytic organism to achieve MICP. The formation of calcite cementation among sand particles is confirmed using scanning electron microscopic images and X-ray compositional analysis of cemented sand clusters. The progress of MICP cementation is assessed by measuring the velocity of a shear wave (VS) traveling through the specimen. The results show that VS starts to increase just as the calcium solution is introduced into each specimen after soaking the samples with the bacterial solution. Improvement in monotonic strength of sand samples is subsequently measured in a series of direct simple shear tests. Due to the combined effects of particle cementation and densification, the sand’s undrained and drained monotonic shearing strengths are significantly enhanced.
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21

Sinitsyna, А. А., and S. G. Il’yasov. "Synthesis of alkyl derivatives of 3,7,10-trioxo-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane and evaluation of their biological activity." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. "Chemistry" series 101, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021ch1/19-26.

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Today 3,7,10-trioxo-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaaza[3.3.3]propellane (THAP) has not yet received widespread re-search attention due to the complexity of the synthesis. This work is devoted to the development of a method for the THAP derivatives synthesis, as well as to the study of their biological activity in comparison with al-kyl-substituted glycolurils (subject of comparison). ТНАРwas N-alkylated to furnish novel hexaalkyl deriva-tives of ТНАРwith methyl, ethyl and propyl substituents. The conditionsfor obtaining the maximum yield of the target productwere optimizedon the base of methyl derivative. The reaction proceeded in DMSO/КОНat 75–80ºC for 13hours in a moderate yield of 56%. The ethyl and propyl derivatives of ТНАРwere synthe-sized under the same conditions. The biological activity of the obtained ТНАРalkyl derivatives and glycoluril alkyl derivatives was evaluated against Sporosarcina ureae, Bacillus pumilus, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and influenza A virus. All the samples were found to exhib-it antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.It was shown that 2,4,6,8,9,11-hexapropyl-ТНАР, di-tert-butyl-diphenyl-, di-tert-butyl-dibenzyl-, di-tert-butyl-dimethyl-and di-isopropyl-dibenzylglycoluril, have exhibited also toxicity to living cells besides antiviral activity
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22

Varga, Melinda. "Truncation Derivatives of the S-Layer Protein of Sporosarcina ureae ATCC 13881 (SslA): Towards Elucidation of the Protein Domain Responsible for Self-Assembly." Molecules 21, no. 9 (August 24, 2016): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules21091117.

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23

Southam, G., W. S. Fyfe, and T. J. Beveridge. "Immobilization of free ionic gold and L-asparagine-complexed ionic gold by Sporosarcina ureae: The importance of organo-gold complexes in gold mobility." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 17, no. 2 (May 2000): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03402840.

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24

Chary, Vasant K., and Patrick J. Piggot. "Postdivisional Synthesis of the Sporosarcina ureae DNA Translocase SpoIIIE either in the Mother Cell or in the Prespore Enables Bacillus subtilis To Translocate DNA from the Mother Cell to the Prespore." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 3 (February 1, 2003): 879–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.3.879-886.2003.

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ABSTRACT The differentiation of vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis into spores involves asymmetric cell division, which precedes complete chromosome partitioning. The DNA translocase SpoIIIE is required to translocate the origin distal 70% of the chromosome from the larger mother cell into the smaller prespore, the two cells that result from the division. We have tested the effect of altering the time and location of SpoIIIE synthesis on spore formation. We have expressed the spoIIIE homologue from Sporosarcina ureae in B. subtilis under the control of different promoters. Expression from either a weak mother cell-specific (σE) promoter or a weak prespore-specific (σF) promoter partly complemented the sporulation defect of a spoIIIE36 mutant; however, expression from a strong prespore-specific (σF) promoter did not. DNA translocation from the mother cell to the prespore was assayed using spoIIQ-lacZ inserted at thrC; transcription of spoIIQ occurs only in the prespore. Translocation of thrC::spoIIQ-lacZ into the prespore occurred efficiently when spoIIIE Su was expressed from the weak σE- or σF-controlled promoters but not when it was expressed from the strong σF-controlled promoter. It is speculated that the mechanism directing SpoIIIE insertion into the septum in the correct orientation may accommodate slow postseptational, prespore-specific SpoIIIE synthesis but may be swamped by strong prespore-specific synthesis.
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25

Chander, Monica, Barbara Setlow, and Peter Setlow. "The enzymatic activity of phosphoglycerate mutase from gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria requires Mn2+ and is pH sensitive." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w98-060.

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The enzymatic activity of phosphoglycerate mutase (Pgm) from three gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium perfringens, and Sporosarcina ureae) requires Mn2+ and is very sensitive to pH; at low concentrations of Mn2+, a pH change from 8 to 6 resulted in greater than 30- to 200-fold decreases in the activity of these Pgms. However, Pgm deactivation at pH 6 was reversed by shifting the enzyme to pH 7 or 8. Free Mn2+ was not directly involved in Pgm catalysis, although enzyme-bound Mn2+ may be involved. The rate of catalysis by Mn2+-containing Pgm was also slightly pH dependent, although the Km for 3-phosphoglyceric acid appeared to be the same at pH 6, 7, and 8. These findings suggest that Mn2+ binds to catalytically inactive Pgm and converts it to a catalytically competent form, and further, that pH influences the efficiency with which the enzyme binds Mn2+. The extreme pH sensitivity of the Mn2+-dependent Pgms supports a model in which this enzyme is inhibited during sporulation by acidification of the forespore, thus allowing accumulation of the spore's large depot of 3-phospho-glyceric acid. The activity of Pgm from two closely related gram-positive bacteria that do not form spores (Planococcus citreus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus) also requires Mn2+ and is pH sensitive. In contrast, the Pgm activities from two more distantly related non-endospore-forming gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus and Streptomyces coelicolor) are neither dependent on metal ions nor particularly sensitive to pH.Key words: Bacillus, Clostridium, Mn2+, phosphoglycerate mutase, sporulation.
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26

Tikhomirova, Lyudmila Ivanovna, Lyudmila Vladimirovna Shcherbakova, Tat'yana Nikolayevna Ilyicheva, Natal'ya Grigor'yevna Bazarnova, and Dmitriy Alekseyevich Karpitsky. "PREPARATION OF MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIALS WITH A GIVEN CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 10, 2021): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2021029043.

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A significant effect on the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids was not an increase in the content of bap from BA 1.0 to 10.0 μM, but the introduction of auxins of NAA 1.0 μM + IBA 0.1 μM. Auxins in combination with cytokinin BA increased the amount of acids by an average of 20% in alcoholic (1.9±0.2%) and aqueous (1.46±0.06%) extracts from Iris sibirica raw materials. The maximum yield of extractive substances, including tannins (4.4±0.3%) was observed when growing raw materials on media with a BA content of 2.5–5.0 μM, the lowest value was obtained with a BA of 10.0 μM. The introduction of auxins (NAA 1.0 μM + IBA 0.1 μM) did not significantly affect the dynamics of the accumulation of tannins. Screening of the chemical composition of medicinal plant raw materials Origanum vulgare and Salvia officinalis obtained by biotechnology methods showed the presence of flavonoids of 1.6±0.1% and 3.2±0.04%, hydroxycinnamic acids of 7.4% and 13.4% at a.s.s., respectively. Antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.02-0.04 mg/ml against Sporosarcina ureae, Bacillus pumilus, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus was pronounced in the hexane extract of Salvia officinalis. Ethanol extract of sage was active against Salmonella typhimurium. Ethanol extracts of Iris sibirica and Salvia officinalis showed antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, MIC-0.35 and 0.16 mg / ml, respectively. Siberian iris suppressed Bacillus pumilus at MIC-0.7 mg / ml. The largest amount of extractive substances was extracted from the raw materials of Origanum vulgare with an aqueous-glycerol mixture – 21.5±0.2 % per a. s. s. Against Salmonella typhimurium, the extracts showed antibiotic activity with MIC – 1.2 mg/ml.
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27

Loshon, Charles A., Katherine E. Beary, Kristine Gouveia, Elizabeth Z. Grey, Leticia M. Santiago-Lara, and Peter Setlow. "Nucleotide sequence of the sspE genes coding for γ-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins from the round-spore-forming bacteria Bacillus aminovorans, Sporosarcina halophila and S. ureae." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression 1396, no. 2 (March 1998): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(97)00204-2.

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28

Wu, Yang, Guozheng Zhao, and Hao Qi. "Precipitation of Magnetic Iron Oxide Induced by Sporosarcina pasteurii Cells." Microorganisms 9, no. 2 (February 7, 2021): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020331.

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Sporosarcina pasteurii (S. pasteurii) is bacterium notable for its highly efficient urea degradation ability. Due to its high urease activity, S. pasteurii has been successfully utilized in applications including solidifying soil or sand, termed “bio-concrete”. In addition to calcium carbonate precipitation, urease isolated from the jack bean plant was recently demonstrated to induce the formation of magnetic iron oxide particles from soluble ferrous ion in a designed reaction. However, it remained unknown if a similar magnetic material could be formed using whole cells with high urease activity under biocompatible conditions. Here, we demonstrated that magnetic iron oxide with a highly ordered structure could be formed on the surface of S. pasteurii cells with a theoretical product of 1.17 mg in a 2-mL reaction. Moreover, the cells surrounded by the precipitated magnetic iron oxide maintained their viability. Due to the simple cultivation of S. pasteurii, the process developed in this study could be useful for the green synthesis of magnetic iron oxide, basic research on the mechanism of magnetic microbial-induced precipitation (MIP), and related engineering applications.
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Pei, Di, Zhiming Liu, Wenjian Wu, and Biru Hu. "Transcriptome analyses reveal the utilization of nitrogen sources and related metabolic mechanisms of Sporosarcina pasteurii." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): e0246818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246818.

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In recent years, Sporosarcina pasteurii (S. pasteurii) has become one of the most popular bacteria in microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). Various applications have been developed based on the efficient urease that can induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate. However, the metabolic mechanism related to biomineralization of S. pasteurii has not been clearly elucidated. The process of bacterial culture and biomineralization consumes a large amount of urea or ammonium salts, which are usually used as agricultural fertilizers, not to mention probable environmental pollutions caused by the excessive use of these raw materials. Therefore, it is urgent to reveal the mechanism of nitrogen utilization and metabolism of S. pasteurii. In this paper, we compared the growth and gene expression of S. pasteurii under three different culture conditions through transcriptome analyses. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that both ammonium and urea were direct nitrogen sources of S. pasteurii, and the bacteria could not grow normally in the absence of ammonium or urea. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first one to reveal the nitrogen utilization mechanism of S. pasteurii through transcriptome methods. Furthermore, the presence of ammonium might promote the synthesis of intracellular ATP and enhance the motility of the bacteria. There should be an ATP synthesis mechanism associated with urea hydrolysis catalyzed by urease in S. pasteurii.
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Benini, Stefano, Michele Cianci, Luca Mazzei, and Stefano Ciurli. "Fluoride inhibition of Sporosarcina pasteurii urease: structure and thermodynamics." JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 19, no. 8 (August 12, 2014): 1243–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-014-1182-x.

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31

Kataria, Ritu, and Anurag Khatkar. "Lead Molecules for Targeted Urease Inhibition: An Updated Review from 2010 -2018." Current Protein & Peptide Science 20, no. 12 (December 16, 2019): 1158–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203720666190320170215.

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The field of enzyme inhibition is a tremendous and quickly growing territory of research. Urease a nickel containing metalloenzyme found in bacteria, algae, fungi, and plants brings hydrolysis of urea and plays important role in environmental nitrogen cycle. Apart from this it was found to be responsible for many pathological conditions due to its presence in many microorganisms such as H. Pylori, a ureolytic bacteria having urease which elevates pH of gastric medium by hydrolyzing urea present in alimentary canal and help the bacteria to colonize and spread infection. Due to the infections caused by the various bacterial ureases such as Bacillus pasteurii, Brucella abortus, H. pylori, H. mustelae, Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas putida, Sporosarcina pasteurii and Yersinia enterocolitica, it has been the current topic of today’s research. About a wide range of compounds from the exhaustive literature survey has been discussed in this review which is enveloped into two expansive classes, as Inhibitors from synthetic origin and Inhibitors from natural origin. Moreover active site details of enzyme, mechanism of catalysis of substrate by enzyme, uses of plant urease and its pathogenic behavior has been included in the current review. So, overall, this review article diagrams the current landscape of the developments in the improvements in the thriving field of urease inhibitory movement in medicinal chemistry from year 2010 to 2018, with an emphasis on mechanism of action of inhibitors that may be used for more development of recent and strong urease inhibitors and open up new doors for assist examinations in a standout amongst the most lively and promising regions of research.
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Achal, V., A. Mukherjee, P. C. Basu, and M. Sudhakara Reddy. "Strain improvement of Sporosarcina pasteurii for enhanced urease and calcite production." Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 36, no. 7 (May 2, 2009): 981–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-009-0578-z.

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Liu, Shiyu, Bowen Dong, Jin Yu, Yanyan Cai, Xingqian Peng, and Xianqi Zhou. "Effect of Different Mineralization Modes on Strengthening Calcareous Sand under Simulated Seawater Conditions." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 8265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158265.

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Calcareous sand, as a blow-fill or construction material, is widely used in island and reef construction projects in marine environments after treatment. When microorganism-induced mineralization is used to strengthen calcareous sand, salinity and other conditions in the marine environment will adversely affect microorganisms or their mineralization process. For this reason, the two environmental conditions created by deionized water and simulated seawater were introduced to explore their effects on the growth and urease activity of Sporosarcina pasteurii. Then, the changes in the permeability and mechanical strength of calcareous sand under different mineralization methods were compared by one-dimensional sand column tests. Finally, the reinforcement mechanism was compared and analyzed based on the results of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction tests. The results show that Sporosarcina pasteurii can induce carbonate and phosphate precipitation and mineralization to strengthen calcareous sand in simulated seawater. The mineralized products greatly reduce the permeability of calcareous sand and significantly improve the mechanical strength by wrapping calcareous sand particles, filling water seepage channels and cementing adjacent particles. The reinforcement effect of carbonate mineralization is better than that of phosphate mineralization, but phosphate mineralization has less impact on the environment during the treatment process.
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Zambelli, Barbara, Katarzyna Banaszak, Anna Merloni, Agnieszka Kiliszek, Wojciech Rypniewski, and Stefano Ciurli. "Selectivity of Ni(II) and Zn(II) binding to Sporosarcina pasteurii UreE, a metallochaperone in the urease assembly: a calorimetric and crystallographic study." JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 18, no. 8 (October 15, 2013): 1005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-013-1049-6.

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Rusu, Cyprien, Xiao Hui Cheng, and Meng Li. "Biological Clogging in Tangshan Sand Columns under Salt Water Intrusion by Sporosarcina pasteurii." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 2040–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.2040.

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Salt Water intrusion is a recurrent phenomenon over the world. This study has purpose to find a new biological way to solve this problem. Sporosarcina Pasteurii, known for its application in biogrouting solutions, was injected into four experimental columns submitted to salt water injection. The bioremediated carbonation reaction was induced by injection of calcium chloride and urea during a three weeks period and results were observed by a new injection of salt water. The increase of salt concentration in the columns after biological treatment shows a slowing down of salt propagation after treatment.
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36

Vincent, Julia, René Sabot, Isabelle Lanneluc, Philippe Refait, Philippe Turcry, Pierre-Yves Mahieux, Marc Jeannin, and Sophie Sablé. "Biomineralization of calcium carbonate by marine bacterial strains isolated from calcareous deposits." Matériaux & Techniques 108, no. 3 (2020): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2020027.

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Biomineralization induced by microbial enzymes, which catalyse CaCO3 precipitation, is a promising field of research for various applications in building eco-materials. Especially, this could provide an eco-friendly process for protection of coastal areas against erosion. In the present investigation, fourteen bacterial strains were isolated and characterized from both natural seawater and calcareous deposits formed on a cathodically protected steel mesh in marine environment. All of them induced calcium carbonate precipitation in various media by producing urease and/or carbonic anhydrase enzymes. The calcium carbonate minerals produced by bacteria were identified by microscopy and µ-Raman spectroscopy. In parallel, an experimental set-up, based on a column reactor, was developed to study biomineralization and microbial capacity of Sporosarcina pasteurii to form sandy agglomerate. These well-known calcifying bacteria degraded the urea present in liquid medium circulating through the column to produce calcium carbonate, which acted as cement between sand particles. The bio-bricks obtained after 3 weeks had a compressive strength of 4.2 MPa. 20% of the inter-granular voids were filled by calcite and corresponded to 13% of the total mass. We successfully showed that bio-column system can be used to evaluate the bacterial ability to agglomerate a sandy matrix with CaCO3.
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Katebi, Hooshang, Ahmad Fahmi, Ahad Ouria, Alireza Babaeian Amini, and Hossein Samadi Kafil. "Microbial Surface Treatment of Sand with Sporosarcina pasteurii to Improve the Wind Erosion Resistance in Urmia Lake." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2021 (May 3, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8893115.

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Background. In this research, the potential of the microbially induced carbonate precipitation method for the surface treatment of sand samples of Jabal Kandi dunes, located in the adjacency of Urmia Lake in the northwest of Iran, was considered. Methods. Sporosarcina pasteurii was used as ureolytic bacteria for the preparation of the microbial solution. Corn steep liquor containing urea was used as an inexpensive growth media. The effects of the concentration of cementation solution and the number of treatment cycles were considered. Because of the presence of some hydrolyzed urea in the prepared microbial suspension, two methods of treatment, i.e., the mixed and separate addition of microbial solution and cementation solution to the sand surface, were investigated. Penetration and erosion resistance of the microbial treated sand (sand crust) were measured using a handheld penetrometer and a wind tunnel system. Results. The results showed that the penetration and erosion resistance of the treated sand samples via microbial-induced carbonate precipitation method were improved significantly. In the method with the separate addition of microbial and cementation solutions to the sand surface, a stable sand crust was created on top of the sand. Discussion. This study tried to optimize the microbial application of Sporosarcina pasteurii for surface treatment of sand via microbial-induced carbonate precipitation. Significant and results showed that this method can be used on the field scale for the stabilization of sand dunes. The advanced biotechnology application of this bacterium can be used as an environmentally friendly and safe method instead of other methods.
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Kim, Yumi, and Yul Roh. "Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation Using Microorganisms Enriched from Calcareous Materials in Marine Environments and Their Metabolites." Minerals 9, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9120722.

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Microbially induced Ca-carbonate precipitation (MICP) in general, refers to a process in which the urease secreted by microbes hydrolyzes urea to ammonium and carbon dioxide. The main objectives of this study were to identify the environmental factors (e.g., microbial growth, cell/metabolite presences, and calcium sources) that control Ca-carbonate formation and to investigate the mineralogical characteristics of the Ca-carbonate precipitated using ureolytic microorganisms cultured in marine environments. The two types of carbonate-forming microorganisms (CFMs), mixed cultures hydrolyzing urea, were enriched from calcareous materials in marine environments. The experiments using a CFM, Sporosarcina pasteurii, was also used for comparison. All the microbes were cultured aerobically in D-1 growth media that included urea. To investigate the effect of microbial growth states on Ca-carbonate precipitation, Ca-acetate was injected into the media before (i.e., lag phase) and after (i.e., stationary phase) microbial growth, and into the soluble microbial products (SMP) solution, respectively. XRD, FT-IR, and SEM-EDS analyses were used for mineralogical characterization of the precipitated Ca-carbonates. Results indicated that the Ca-carbonates, vaterite and/or calcite, precipitated under all the experimental conditions. The fastest precipitation of Ca-carbonates occurred in the SMP solution and formed calcite (size = 5–15 μm). When the concentrations of added Ca-acetate were varied from 0 to 0.5 M, the highest amounts of calcite, 22.8 g/L, were produced when 0.3 M Ca-acetate was injected. Therefore, the environmental factors (e.g., microbial growth, cell/metabolite presences, and calcium sources) could have an effect the rate of formation of Ca-carbonate and the types of carbonate minerals formed. Moreover, the use of cell-free SMP solution is expected to be applicable to Ca-carbonate precipitation in an environment where microbial growth is unfavorable.
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Li, Pei Hao, and Bo Jin. "Healing of Cracked Concrete by Sporosarcina pasteurii Mediated Carbonate Deposition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 164 (April 2012): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.164.103.

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A remediation technique of cracked concrete by bacterial mediated carbronate deposition i.e. bio-deposition is discussed. Bio-deposition is a technique that comes from a broader category of biomineralization. The aim of this study was to investigate the plugging of artificially cracked concrete using bacteria Sporosarcina pasteurii and combined with sand as a filling material in artificially made cuts in concrete specimens which was cured in urea and Ca2+ medium and to research the effects on the compressive strength and flexural load of healing of concrete specimens by bio-deposition. The remediation efficacy of cracks in concrete was studied through compressive strength test and flexural failure test. Experimental results show that bio-deposition is able to make the improvement in concrete compressive strength and flexural load. The technique can be used to improve the compressive strength and flexural load of cracked concrete specimens and the remediation of cracks.
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40

Shannoon, Layth K., and Mohammad A. Ibrahim. "Bio-Cementation of Sandy Soil through Bacterial Processing to Precipitate Carbonate." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 23, no. 3 (November 13, 2020): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.23030225.

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Bio-cement built on microbial induced carbonate precipitation MICP, be able to consolidate the loose grains and can applied for soil reinforcement. In this study, the performing of an ureolytic Sporosarcina Pasteurii for sand stabilization was estimated. The S. Pasteurii Could effectively consolidates sand particles through urea hydrolysis and the successive production of calcite. The bio improved sands had relative great compressive strength after 60 days exposure to bacterial cells injections cycles. The compressive strength of bio stabilized sands was reliant on the utilized cell concentrations and density of urea and CaCl2. High bacteria cell masses decreased the compressive strength. The optimal density of cell, was OD600 0.5, when cost and performance were taken into account. The study shows that bio cementation of sand built on microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) has ability for the reduction of sand permeability through pore clogging with precipitated carbonate.
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Sidek, Norbaya, S. Abdul-Talib, N. Mohd Zain, N. R. N. A. Rashid, and I. A. Abu Bakar. "An Investigation on the Effect of Calcite Bacteria Seeding on Shear Strength of Peat Soil via an Unconfined Compression Test." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 1513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.1513.

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Peat soils have been known for their problematic characteristics which include high water content, high compressibility and low shear strength. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of 1 week addition of modified Urea-CaCl2liquid medium with and withoutSporosarcina pasteuriion the shear strength of unsterilized dried peat soil using the Unconfined Compression Test. After the treatment period, significant increase in the shear strength of the soil was found to be highest for peat + medium at 42 kN/m2, moderate for peat + medium +Sporosarcina pasteuriiat 27 kN/m2and unchanged for peat + water control at 24 kN/m2. Although the growth dynamics of all the microbes involved in the calcite formation in the treated peat soil were not known, the addition of the modified Urea-CaCl2liquid medium into the soil clearly had contributed to the marked increased in the shear strength of the soil. It is probable that the medium had promoted a better growth of indigenous calcite bacteria population in the soil which may have been suppressed by the slow growingS. pasteuriipopulation being added daily to the soil
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42

Sepúlveda, Sebastián, Carla Duarte-Nass, Mariella Rivas, Laura Azócar, Andrés Ramírez, Javiera Toledo-Alarcón, Leopoldo Gutiérrez, David Jeison, and Álvaro Torres-Aravena. "Testing the Capacity of Staphylococcus equorum for Calcium and Copper Removal through MICP Process." Minerals 11, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080905.

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This research focused on the evaluation of the potential use of a soil-isolated bacteria, identified as Staphylococcus equorum, for microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) and copper removal. Isolated bacteria were characterized considering growth rate, urease activity, calcium carbonate precipitation, copper tolerance as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and copper precipitation. Results were compared with Sporosarcina pasteurii, which is considered a model bacteria strain for MICP processes. The results indicated that the S. equorum strain had lower urease activity, calcium removal capacity and copper tolerance than the S. pasteurii strain. However, the culture conditions tested in this study did not consider the halophilic feature of the S. equorum, which could make it a promising bacterial strain to be applied in process water from mining operations when seawater is used as process water. On the other hand, copper removal was insufficient when applying any of the bacteria strains evaluated, most likely due to the formation of a copper–ammonia complex. Thus, the implementation of S. equorum for copper removal needs to be further studied, considering the optimization of culture conditions, which may promote better performance when considering calcium, copper or other metals precipitation.
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43

Benini, Stefano, Paulina Kosikowska, Michele Cianci, Luca Mazzei, Antonio Gonzalez Vara, Łukasz Berlicki, and Stefano Ciurli. "The crystal structure of Sporosarcina pasteurii urease in a complex with citrate provides new hints for inhibitor design." JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 18, no. 3 (February 15, 2013): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-013-0983-7.

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44

Kim, Gunjo, Janghwan Kim, and Heejung Youn. "Effect of Temperature, pH, and Reaction Duration on Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation." Applied Sciences 8, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8081277.

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In this study, the amount of calcite precipitate resulting from microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) was estimated in order to determine the optimal conditions for precipitation. Two microbial species (Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Sporosarcina pasteurii) were tested by varying certain parameters such as (1) initial potential of hydrogen (pH) of urea-CaCl2 medium, (2) temperature during precipitation, and (3) the reaction duration. The pH values used for testing were 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, the temperatures were 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C, and the reaction durations were 2, 3, and 4 days. Maximum calcite precipitation was observed at a pH of 7 and temperature of 30 °C. Most of the precipitation occurred within a reaction duration of 3 days. Under similar conditions, the amount of calcite precipitated by S. saprophyticus was estimated to be five times more than that by S. pasteurii. Both the species were sensitive to temperature; however, S. saprophyticus was less sensitive to pH and required a shorter reaction duration than S. pasteurii.
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45

Sovljanski, Olja, Lato Pezo, Ana Tomic, Aleksandra Ranitovic, Dragoljub Cvetkovic, and Sinisa Markov. "Operating parameter optimization of cell surface hydrophobicity test for ureolytic bacteria." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, no. 00 (2020): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc200813082s.

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As one of the main non-covalent relations in microbiological-based systems, cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) can be observed as a relevant parameter for biodegradation capability and suggested bacterial behaviour and biofilm formation during a bioremediation process. On the other hand, the role of ureolytic bacteria in bioremediation has subsequently led to the examination of this bacterial type in different engineering fields. In order to optimize the operating parameters of microbial adhesion to hydrocarbons test (MATH) for ureolytic bacteria, Box-Behnken experimental design was conducted for five ureolytic bacteria isolated from soils as well as the reference strain Sporosarcina pasteurii DSM 33. The optimization was completed with and without essential substrate for targeted metabolic reaction, with the aim to compare differences in bacterial hydrophobicity. The vortex time of 2 minutes, hydrocarbon volume of 0.5 mL, and phase separation time of 15 minutes are recommended as MATH operating parameters for all tested ureolytic bacteria. Although all bacteria are hydrophobic, lower CSH values in urea presence were observed for the same bacterium which can be explained by the interaction of urea with organic phase of the separation system as well as rapid ureolysis process which also occurs during ureolytic bacteria application in biotechnology systems.
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46

Omoregie, Armstrong Ighodalo, Ghazaleh Khoshdelnezamiha, Dominic Ek Leong Ong, and Peter Morin Nissom. "MICROBIAL-INDUCED CARBONATE PRECIPITATION USING A SUSTAINABLE TREATMENT TECHNIQUE." International Journal of Service Management and Sustainability 2, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ijsms.v2i1.6045.

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Biocementation is a green treatment technique which makes use of microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) process to enhance the geotechnical features of sub-standard soils. The objective of this study was to conduct a biocement test in laboratory-scale using native urease-producing bacteria to improve the surface strength of poorly graded soil. Selected sand samples were pre-mixed with native bacterial culture and the cementation solution before being compacted into their respective columns. After completing the biocement process, all the sand columns were allowed to air-dry at room temperature (26oC) for 14 days before the treated sands were removed from their respective moulds. Unconfined compression strength (UCS) test was performed on the moulds to determine their strengths, while quick acid test and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content measurement were conveyed to analyse the precipitated CaCO3 minerals. The results showed that the native urease-producing bacteria could bind soil particles together. The proficiency of this treatment process to improve the strength of soil samples varied among the specimen samples, leading to a non-homogeneous distribution of CaCO3 contents in the specimens. The UCS test showed that the sand treated with native isolate NB 28 had the highest strength (0.219 N/mm2), sustaining a force of 1.020 kN, while the control strain (Sporosarcina pasteurii DSM 33) had the lowest strength (0.143 N/mm2) with a sustaining force of 0.697 kN. The findings in this study suggest that the native urease-producing bacteria isolated from Sarawak limestone cave can be used as alternative MICP agents for the biocement application for sustainability in the construction industry.
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Benini, Stefano, Paulina Kosikowska, Michele Cianci, Luca Mazzei, Antonio Gonzalez Vara, Łukasz Berlicki, and Stefano Ciurli. "Erratum to: The crystal structure of Sporosarcina pasteurii urease in a complex with citrate provides new hints for inhibitor design." JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 18, no. 4 (March 14, 2013): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-013-0993-5.

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48

Omoregie, Armstrong Ighodalo, Ghazaleh Khoshdelnezamiha, Nurnajwani Senian, Dominic Ek Leong Ong, and Peter Morin Nissom. "Experimental optimisation of various cultural conditions on urease activity for isolated Sporosarcina pasteurii strains and evaluation of their biocement potentials." Ecological Engineering 109 (December 2017): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.09.012.

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49

Zhao, Yang, Zhiyang Xiao, Jie Lv, Wanqing Shen, and Rongchao Xu. "A Novel Approach to Enhance the Urease Activity of Sporosarcina pasteurii and its Application on Microbial-Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation for Sand." Geomicrobiology Journal 36, no. 9 (June 22, 2019): 819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2019.1631911.

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50

Nayanthara, Pahala Ge Nishadi, Anjula Buddhika Nayomi Dassanayake, Kazunori Nakashima, and Satoru Kawasaki. "Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation Using a Native Inland Bacterium for Beach Sand Stabilization in Nearshore Areas." Applied Sciences 9, no. 15 (August 6, 2019): 3201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9153201.

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Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) via urea hydrolysis is an emerging sustainable technology that provides solutions for numerous environmental and engineering problems in a vast range of disciplines. Attention has now been given to the implementation of this technique to reinforce loose sand bodies in-situ in nearshore areas and improve their resistance against erosion from wave action without interfering with its hydraulics. A current study has focused on isolating a local ureolytic bacterium and assessed its feasibility for MICP as a preliminary step towards stabilizing loose beach sand in Sri Lanka. The results indicated that a strain belonging to Sporosarcina sp. isolated from inland soil demonstrated a satisfactory level of enzymatic activity at 25 °C and moderately alkaline conditions, making it a suitable candidate for target application. Elementary scale sand solidification test results showed that treated sand achieved an approximate strength of 15 MPa as determined by needle penetration device after a period of 14 days under optimum conditions. Further, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imagery revealed that variables such as grain size distribution, bacteria population, reactant concentrations and presence of other cations like Mg2+ has serious implications on the size and morphology of precipitated crystals and thus the homogeneity of the strength improvement.
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