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Journal articles on the topic 'Sport specific exercises'
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1
Tereshchenko, I. A., A. P. Otsupok, S. V. Krupenya, T. M. Liauchuk, and V. N. Boloban. "Coordination training of sportsmen, specializing in sport kinds of gymnastic." Physical education of students 19, no. 3 (2015): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2015.0307.
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Purpose: experimental substantiation of effectiveness of coordination training program, worked out for sportsmen, specializing in sport kinds of gymnastic. Material: In the research first year students (21 persons: 14 girls and 7 boys of age 17-18 years) participated. All they specialized in sport kinds of gymnastic. From them there were 15 masters of sports and 6 candidate masters of sports. Results: students’ sensor motor coordination was confidently increased by means of realization of program of exercises for perfection of static-dynamic and static-kinetic stability. Conclusions: we recommend new direction of specific exercises’ realization; exercise, developing and improving static-dynamic and static-kinetic body balance. Coordination training of sportsmen, specializing in sport gymnastic shall take one of priority places in system of physical education and sport training means.
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Chawki, Derbali, Matoussi Fathi, and Elloumi Ali. "PERCEIVED DIFFICULTIES IN SPORTS EXERCISES: TYPICAL ASSESSMENT OF SPECIFIC PHYSICAL ABILITIES." Journal of Physical Education & Health 8, no. 14 (2019): 11–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3746115.
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<em>We have investigated the relationship between performance in sports exercises and perceived difficulties in physical ability tasks for boys and girls. In order to assess physical abilities in sport, we conducted experiments concerning methods for self-evaluating the difficulty of physical ability required in sports exercises through implementation of creative vaulting tasks in addition to Eurofit and Evareg tests. Based on a hypothesis that specific physical abilities could predict performance in physical education for boys and girls, we distinguished the relationship between genders concerning perceived difficulty for varied ability tasks. Although sporting exercises performance was high among boys rather than girls, there was no significant difference in perceived difficulties of physical tasks between genders. We highlight how perceived difficulties among students appears to have resulted in higher student motivation levels, and increased desire to improve performance for more effective learning and teaching experience. We recommend that methods of perceiving difficulties in sport exercises need more exploration for better practices.</em>
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Porter, Anna K., Samantha Schilsky, Kelly R. Evenson, et al. "The Association of Sport and Exercise Activities With Cardiovascular Disease Risk: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 16, no. 9 (2019): 698–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2018-0671.
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Background: This study assessed the independent associations between participation in self-reported sport and exercise activities and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Data were from 13,204 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort (1987–2015). Baseline sport and exercise activities were assessed via the modified Baecke questionnaire. Incident CVD included coronary heart disease, heart failure, or stroke. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models assessed the association of participation in specific sport and exercise activities at enrollment with risk of CVD. Results: During a median follow-up time of 25.2 years, 30% of the analytic sample (n = 3966) was diagnosed with incident CVD. In fully adjusted models, participation in racquet sports (hazard ratio [HR] 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–0.93), aerobics (HR 0.75; 95% CI, 0.63–0.88), running (HR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54–0.85), and walking (HR 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83–0.95) was significantly associated with a lower risk of CVD. There were no significant associations for bicycling, softball/baseball, gymnastics, swimming, basketball, calisthenics exercises, golfing with cart, golfing with walking, bowling, or weight training. Conclusions: Participation in specific sport and exercises may substantially reduce the risk for CVD.
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Pistilli, Emidio E., Geoff Ginther, and Jen Larsen. "Sport-Specific Strength-Training Exercises for the Sport of Lacrosse." Strength and Conditioning Journal 30, no. 4 (2008): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0b013e31817d1cf7.
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Hillman, Sue. "Principles and Techniques of Open Kinetic Chain Rehabilitation: The Upper Extremity." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 3, no. 4 (1994): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.3.4.319.
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The kinetic chain is open in the upper extremity skills used in most sports. Although closed chain exercises will increase stability, open chain strengthening is more sport specific. This article addresses general concepts of upper extremity rehabilitation, including exercises to restore normal range of motion, joint mechanics, and muscle strength. The roles of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, plyometric training, and elastic band exercises are also discussed. Finally, a progression of specificity training is presented to return the athlete to successful sport performance.
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Florin, Miron, Monea Dan, and Stefănescu Horea. "The Influence of Physical Exercises Carried Out in the Aquatic Environment on Physiological Parameters for 10 – 12 Year Tennis Players." GYMNASIUM 25, no. 1 (2024): 124–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2024.25.1.09.
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The objective of this study is to highlight the effect of physical exercises specific to the game of tennis, carried out in the aquatic environment to optimize the effort capacity of the players practicing this sport on the physiological parameters of the players in this sport. A novelty element of this experimental research is represented by the implementation in the training program of tennis players in the aquatic environment and exercises from other sports branches such as swimming, gymnastics and athletics. The intervention program is a bold attempt to weave and combine exercises from different sports, in a non-specific and totally different environment, in order to improve performances and results, looking at the perspective, without necessarily aiming at great current performances, in the short term, which could bring disappointments, create certain barriers or even lead to the abandonment of sports activities.
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Bader, Karrar Ibrahim, and Muhammad Jasim Othman. "The Effect of Specific Regions Exercises on Performance Endurance Development of Youth Soccer Players." Journal of Physical Education 33, no. 4 (2021): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37359/jope.v33(4)2021.1218.
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Soccer is considered the sports that required endurance, speed of performance. The study aimed at designing exercises for developing performance endurance in youth soccer players. The researcher was applied on (20) youth soccer players rom Al Jawia sport club (2020 – 2021) aged (17 – 19) years old divided into two equal groups. The program was applied for (8) weeks that consisted of exercises for developing performance endurance in youth soccer players. The data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude that these exercises positively affect posttests.
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Kurme, A., E. Trunz-Carlisi, S. Ochs, P. Böhm, J. Joeres, and A. Seuser. "Lehrplanorientierte Inklusion hämophiler Kinder und Jugendlicher im Sportunterricht." Hämostaseologie 32, S 01 (2012): S70—S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1619779.
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SummaryInclusive paedagogic thinking and acting is a modern and increasingly important topic in school sports. It will affect teachers as well as parents and students. The new international guidelines and national curricula enable new ways of inclusion especially for students with chronic illnesses like haemophilia. Special help from the sport teachers is of vital importance.In our project “fit for life” where we advice children and young adults with haemophilia to find their appropriate sport, we developed a new approach for an optimised inclusion of children with haemophilia into sport lessons. The whole project is running in corporation with the German Sport Teachers Association/ Hessen. We analysed and rated the actual curricula of the different school years and looked at the specific needs, risks and necessary abilities for persons with haemophilia. By this means we gathered about 600 typical movements and/or exercises for school sports and developed individual advice and adapted exercise solutions for sport lessons.
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El Nady, Hala G., Amira S. El Refay, Dina A. Salah, et al. "Impact of Sport Specific Type on Pulmonary Function and Anthropometric Measures of Adolescents." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 16, no. 2 (2023): 763–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2658.
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Involvement in specific sports or physical activities enhances the strength of respiratory muscles and impacts anthropometric characteristics. Current studies have declared that athletes possess greater capability of the respiratory system, and different body characterization in comparison to their age-matched sedentary controls. Aim: our study aimed to examine the differences between lung function and anthropometric characterization among athletic adolescents performing sports which is similar in nature, in accordance with intensity and type of exercise executed. Methods: 97 athletic adolescents aged between 14-18 years enrolled in a sport at the national or international level and engaged in that sport for more than 15 hours per week were included in the study. 20 non- athlete adolescents enrolled as control. All the participants were subjected to full history, thorough medical examination and anthropometric measurements including weight, height, BMI. Pulmonary function tests were performed. Results: As regards the anthropometric measurements, there was a significant difference of weight and height between water polo and both other sports and non-athletes. Moreover, there was a significant difference in BMI between water polo and non-athletes. In pulmonary functions, we detected a significant difference regarding forced vital capacity between both water polo and other sports vs non-athletes. Conclusion: Regular exercises impacted pulmonary capacity and different morphological characterization and it is sport type dependent.
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Aldoski, Dilshad, Raed Salim Al-Naemi, and Azad Ahmed Khalid. "Effect Of Aerobic, Anaerobic and Resistance Exercises on Oxidative Stress Status in Healthy Sport Practitioners." Academic Journal of Nawroz University 12, no. 4 (2023): 478–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1135.
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The main aim of this study is to assess the effect of three different types of exercises on lipid peroxidation in sports practitioners. The experimental approach was used to conduct the study. Sixty-six healthy male sport practitioners were participated in this study and divided into three experimental groups, each group consist of 22 subjects, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd groups performed aerobic (AE), anaerobic exercises (AnE), and resistance exercises (RE). Before entering their experimental program, the three groups conducted the beep test for determining the VO2max for each participant, and then the blood and urine samples were taken from each participant. Thereafter, the three groups entered their specific training program for eight weeks 3 times/week. After ending the training programs, the three groups conducted the beep test again. All statistical data analyses were performed using SPSS version 25. For checking the differences between the pre- and post-test for all groups one-way ANOVA with Post Hok-Tukey was conducted. Comparisons between pre-test and post-test within one type of exercise were performed by the paired sample t-test. The effect of the three types of exercise programs for 8 weeks on lipid peroxidation biomarker (urinary MDA level) was varied. Interestingly, the 3 types of sport exercises were found to have a great effect on increasing serum antioxidants levels and decrease the levels of urinary MDA. Following the aerobic exercise, which was found to be significantly the more effective in decreasing the level of urinary MDA than anaerobic and resistance exercises. However, the resistance and aerobic exercises have a greater effect to generate the antioxidants defense than anaerobic exercise.
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Miron, Florin, Dan Monea, and Horea Leonida Ștefănescu. "The Influence of Physical Exercises Carried Out in the Aquatic Environment on Physiological Parameters for 10 – 12 Year Tennis Players." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Educatio Artis Gymnasticae 68, no. 4 (2024): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeag.68(4).33.
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The objective of this study is to highlight the effect of physical exercises specific to the game of tennis, carried out in the aquatic environment to optimize the effort capacity of the players practicing this sport on the physiological parameters of the players in this sport. The impact of such an intervention program in the aquatic environment is a multilateral one, having benefits on optimizing performance capacity, maintaining an optimal state of health and opening new horizons for children practicing the game of tennis. A novelty element of this experimental research is represented by the implementation in the training program of tennis players in the aquatic environment and exercises from other sports branches such as swimming, gymnastics and athletics. The intervention program is a bold attempt to weave and combine exercises from different sports, in a non-specific and totally different environment, in order to improve performances and results, looking at the perspective, without necessarily aiming at great current performances, in the short term, which could bring disappointments, create certain barriers or even lead to the abandonment of sports activities. Keywords: tennis, performance, aerobic capabilities, unconventional training
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Sannicandro, Italo, and Giacomo Cofano. "Large-Sided Games and Sport-Specific Training: Parameters of High Intensity in Professional Soccer Players." Physical Education Theory and Methodology 23, no. 1 (2023): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2023.1.18.
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Study purpose. This study aimed to describe, analyze and compare the high intensity in internal and external load deriving from Large-Sided Games (LSG) exercises during the 4vs4 and 5vs5 formats, with goalkeepers. Materials and methods. The study participants were 22 professional soccer players (average age: 23.59±4.87 years, weight: 77.8±7.6 kg; height: 183.5±7.5 cm). The 4vs4 + 2 goalkeepers format was performed on a 60x54 m field (324 m2per player), while the 5vs5 + 2 goalkeepers format was performed on a 65 x 60 m field (325 m2 per player). During the two LSG exercises, the internal load and the external load were analyzed. The LSG exercises were performed in 4 sets of 5 minutes each, with 2 minutes of passive recovery between each set. Results. The data obtained show that the 4vs4 is the LSG exercise that succeeds in ensuring high exercise intensity: the time spent between 90-100% of the Heart Rate (HR) is significantly higher than in the 5vs5 (p <.005). The average HR values (percentage and absolute) were also higher and significant (p <.05) in the 4vs4 LSG. The peak speed (p < .05), average metabolic power during exercise phases (p < .05) and sprint distance (p < .005) are higher in the 5vs5 LSG. Conclusions. By modulating the practice time, both formats can be used on the day after the match for those who did not play or on the match-day +3 for the whole team.
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Masoga, Sylven, and Gerald P. Mphafudi. "Dietary Recommendations for Active and Competitive Aerobic Exercising Athletes: A Review of Literature." Global Journal of Health Science 14, no. 4 (2022): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n4p95.
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Aerobic exercise is a common sport activity participated by numerous individuals in many parts of the world. Individuals involved in this sport may participate for various reasons, for instance, improved health and weight management while others are involved for competitive purposes. Recommendations, therefore, vary according to the aim and the intensity of the engagement. Depending on the purpose, dietary practices related to the type of foods or meals to be consumed, timing of intake and hydration strategies used by athletes remain important. There is a concern, however, that dietary recommendations for aerobic sport lack scrutiny. It is important for athletes involved in aerobic exercises to adhere to recommendations for them to enjoy their sports engagement while maintaining good health. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss the aerobic exercise nutrition recommendations for aerobic exercising athletes with a specific focus on energy, macro- and micronutrients, nutrients dosing, and timing thereof.&nbsp;
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Abdulrahman, Ameer, Ammar Rashid, and Hussein Khamis. "Intensifying the exercise using a device to control the angles of muscle work in developing the chest muscles and maximum strength for bodybuilding players." Journal of Physical Education 36, no. 4 (2024): 1000–1032. https://doi.org/10.37359/jope.v36(4)2024.2148.
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The significance of the research emerged through the development of certain muscle groups (chest muscles and maximum strength) in the sport of bodybuilding, which requires intensive exercises using a device that controls the angles of muscle work. This device greatly contributes to creating a qualitative training breakthrough that aligns with the demands of bodybuilding by determining the movement path of the exercise to achieve the goal the researcher aims to explore in using the muscle angle control device. The focus is precisely on this in exercises to develop certain muscle groups (chest muscles and maximum strength) so that they harmonize with the development objective. As for the research problem, there is fatigue or a drop in effort in specific parts during the exercise’s movement path. This involves performing traditional exercises that have been in practice for many years across all bodybuilding exercises. The transition in the amount of effort exerted on the muscle along the range of motion for the involved body parts is required to address the state of fatigue and reduced effort in those parts, which demands greater muscle pressure in each exercise according to the working muscles. The result of this is to generate an intensification of the effort exerted on the muscle. Since the researchers work in training and development by supervising the training of many athletes practicing this sport, it was found important to move towards designing an innovative device that demonstrates control of muscle work angles in executing exercises. This is something not currently available in the Iraqi, Arab, or global training environments specialized in bodybuilding
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Wright, Alexis A., Eric J. Hegedus, Daniel T. Tarara, Samantha C. Ray, and Steven L. Dischiavi. "Exercise prescription for overhead athletes with shoulder pathology: a systematic review with best evidence synthesis." British Journal of Sports Medicine 52, no. 4 (2017): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096915.
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ObjectiveTo produce a best evidence synthesis of exercise prescription used when treating shoulder pathology in the overhead athlete.DesignA systematic review of exercises used in overhead athletes including case studies and clinical commentaries.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PubMed, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL from database inception through July 8, 2016.MethodsWe examined data from randomised controlled trials and prospective cohort (level I–IV evidence) studies that addressed exercise intervention in the rehabilitation of the overhead athlete with shoulder pathology. Case studies and clinical commentaries (level V evidence) were examined to account for expert opinion-based research. Data were combined using best evidence synthesis and graded (A–F) recommendations (Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine).ResultsThere were 33 unique exercises in six level I–IV studies that met our inclusion criteria. Most exercises were single-plane, upper extremity exercises performed below 90oof elevation. There were 102 unique exercises in 33 level V studies that met our inclusion criteria. These exercises emphasised plyometrics, kinetic chain and sport-specific training.Conclusions and relevanceOverall, evidence for exercise interventions in overhead athletes with shoulder pathology is dominated by expert opinion (grade D). There is great variability between exercise approaches suggested by experts and those investigated in research studies and the overall level of evidence is low. The strongest available evidence (level B) supports the use of single-plane, open chain upper extremity exercises performed below 90° of elevation and closed chain upper extremity exercises. Clinical expert pieces support a more advanced, global treatment approach consistent with the complex, multidimensional nature of sport.
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Slauterbeck, James R., Autumn Reilly, Pamela M. Vacek, et al. "Characterization of Prepractice Injury Prevention Exercises of High School Athletic Teams." Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 9, no. 6 (2017): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738117733981.
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Background: Static and dynamic exercises are performed before activity to decrease injury risk and increase performance. Although evidence supports using dynamic over static stretching and performing Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11+ as a dynamic prepractice routine, we do not know the frequency at which these exercises are utilized in high school populations. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that there is a wide variety of preparticipation exercises performed by high school athletes, and that few high school teams perform FIFA 11+ as an injury prevention program in its entirety. Study Design: Observational study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: High school prepractice routines were observed for 185 teams (football, soccer, basketball, and lacrosse) over 1 season. The percentages of team warm-up routines that included components of FIFA 11+ were calculated, and the chi-square test was used to compare sex, sport, and level of competition. Results: Of a total 644 warm-up observations, 450 (69.9%) included only non–FIFA 11+ exercises, 56 (8.7%) included at least 1 FIFA 11+ exercise, and 38 (5.9%) included only jogging; 69 (10.6%) consisted only of sport-specific activities. The type of warm-up differed significantly between males and females ( P = 0.002), sports ( P < 0.001), and level of competition ( P < 0.001). Static stretching and athletes stretching on their own were observed in 14% and 15% of all observations. No team performed the FIFA 11+ injury prevention routine in its entirety. Conclusion: The type of warm-up differed by sex, sport, and level of competition. Static stretching was performed more frequently than anticipated, and an entire FIFA 11+ warm-up was never performed. Clinical Relevance: We need to identify the exercises that decrease injury and increase performance and better inform the athletic population about the risks and benefits of static and dynamic warm-up programs.
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Heneghan, Nicola R., Svein M. Lokhaug, Isaak Tyros, Sigurd Longvastøl, and Alison Rushton. "Clinical reasoning framework for thoracic spine exercise prescription in sport: a systematic review and narrative synthesis." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 6, no. 1 (2020): e000713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000713.
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BackgroundThe thoracic spine is critical for athletic kinetic chain functioning yet widely overlooked in terms of specific evidenced-based exercise prescription. Thoracic mobility, motor control and strength are required to optimise performance in sport and minimise excessive load/stress on other components of the kinetic chain.ObjectiveTo identify and evaluate mobility, motor control, work capacity and strength thoracic exercises for use in athletes.DesignSystematic review involving expert reviewers at key stages: searches and screening (n=1), eligibility, evaluation, data extraction and evaluation (n=3). Key databases and social media sources were searched to 16 August 2019. Eligible exercises were thoracic exercises to promote mobility, motor control, work capacity and strength. A narrative synthesis enabled an outcome-based classification of exercises, with level of evidence of individual sources informing overall level of evidence for each outcome (Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine).ResultsFrom 2348 sources (social media, database searches and other sources), 38 exercises were included. Sources included images, video clips and written descriptions of exercises. Exercises targeting all planes of motion were evaluated and classified according to outcome. Exercises comprised functional and non-functional exercises for mobility (n=9), work capacity (n=15), motor control (n=7) and strength (n=7). Overall level of evidence for each outcome was level 5.ConclusionThis synthesis and evaluation of exercises has captured the scope of thoracic exercises used in ‘practice’. Evaluation against an expert-derived outcome-based classification provides practitioners with a framework to facilitate exercise prescription. Evaluation of validity and effectiveness of exercises on outcomes is now required.
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Zazirnyi, I. M., O. O. Kostrub, V. V. Kotiuk, and O. V. Plugatar. "Our Point of View at Rehabilitation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction." Visnyk Ortopedii Travmatologii Protezuvannia 106, no. 3 (2020): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37647/0132-2486-2020-106-3-9-17.
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Summary. The article presents rehabilitation program for the patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The program is used at the Feofaniya Hospital’s Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Sports Medicine and at the Department of Sports and Ballet Injuries of the SI “Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics of NAMS of Ukraine”. The rehabilitation course is divided on five periods: 1) preoperative period; 2) early postoperative period (acute) (0–2 weeks); 3) function restoring period (up to 9 week); 4) period of preparing and gradual returning to recreation and sports activity (from 9 week); 5) period of returning to full sports activity (after 6–9 months, depending on the type of sport). Principles of postoperative care and rehabilitation in our clinics are as follows: 1) decreasing pain, swelling, and inflammation; 2) full load of the operated on limb with or without crutches; 3) immediate exercises to restore range of motion from 0° to 60–90°, with gradually increase to 120° and full flexion after 6–9 weeks postoperatively (using continuous passive motion; passive, active assisted, and active exercises); 4) exercises for training quadriceps muscle, shin flexor muscles and all lower limb and pelvis muscles, with increasing resistance in close and open kinetic chains; 5) exercises for training proprioception and coordination (from early postoperative period); 6) return to work after 3–6 weeks, health-improvement and sports activity after 4, 6, and 9 months; 7) close cooperation between a surgeon, a rehabilitologist, and a patient during rehabilitation. We focus on achieving the fastest full extension of the knee joint, muscle control and restoration of proprioception. Exercises are performed in closed and open kinetic chains, with muscles tension in the back of the thigh and shin, in the way to avoid too much stress on transplantate. In cases of athletes and recreational active patients, elements of sports specific exercises were included to the rehabilitation program (from early postoperative period). That helped to restore proper patterns of movements and to overcome physical barrier in returning to full sports activity. Return to sport was allowed patients when achieved full range of motion, normal proprioception and balance of muscles; functional tests results were about 90% of the norm and there was no pain or swelling during exercise loads.
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Karagianni, Konstantina, Olyvia Donti, Christos Katsikas, and Gregory C. Bogdanis. "Effects of Supplementary Strength–Power Training on Neuromuscular Performance in Young Female Athletes." Sports 8, no. 8 (2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports8080104.
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This study examined the effects of a short-duration supplementary strength–power training program on neuromuscular performance and sport-specific skills in adolescent athletes. Twenty-three female “Gymnastics for All” athletes, aged 13 ± 2 years, were divided into a training group (TG, n = 12) and a control group (CG, n = 11). Both groups underwent a test battery before and after 10 weeks of intervention. TG completed, in addition to gymnastics training, a supplementary 7–9 min program that included two rounds of strength and power exercises for arms, torso, and legs, executed in a circuit fashion with 1 min rest between rounds, three times per week. Initially, six exercises were performed (15 s work–15 s rest), while the number of exercises was decreased to four and the duration of each exercise was increased to 30 s (30 s rest) after the fifth week. TG improved countermovement jump performance with one leg (11.5% ± 10.4%, p = 0.002) and two legs (8.2% ± 8.8%, p = 0.004), drop jump performance (14.4% ± 12.6%, p = 0.038), single-leg jumping agility (13.6% ± 5.2%, p = 0.001), and sport-specific performance (8.8% ± 7.4%, p = 0.004), but not 10 m sprint performance (2.4% ± 6.6%, p = 0.709). No change was observed in the CG (p = 0.41 to 0.97). The results of this study indicated that this supplementary strength–power program performed for 7–9 min improves neuromuscular and sport-specific performance after 10 weeks of training.
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Lan, Jin, Wenchong Deng, and Yingcheng Huang. "MUSCULAR ENDURANCE IN MOUNTAINEERS UNDER DIFFERENT LOAD TRAINING OBSERVATION." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 28, no. 6 (2022): 778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202228062022_0013.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Mountaineering is a very healthy reasoning sport event that focuses on intelligence and physical strength, climbing rock walls with the hands. Objective Observe the specific indicators of upper limb strength in mountaineering. Methods Athletes from a rock-climbing training team were selected as the research subjects (N=12, M=6). Before the formal experimental test, the subjects performed 30-minute warm-up exercises, including stretching and jogging. Results The negative correlation between sports performance and maximum heart rate after a 15-meter speed climb indicates that the higher the heart rate mobilized in sport, the better the exercise performance. Similarly, was observed the positive correlation between athletic performance and blood lactate at 3 minutes after a 15-meter climb, i.e., the higher the blood lactate during exercise, the worse the athletic performance. Conclusions The higher the climbing speed and the lower the blood lactate, the better the athletic performance. Thus, athletes with high training levels and solid athletic ability can achieve a higher maximum heart rate level during exercise. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
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Bernstorff, Maria, Norman Schumann, Nader Maai, Thomas Schildhauer, and Matthias Königshausen. "An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit." Sports 9, no. 5 (2021): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports9050068.
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Background: CrossFit is one of the fastest growing “high-intensity functional training” methods in recent years. Due to the very demanding motion sequences and high loads, it was initially assumed that there was an extremely high risk of injury. However, studies have shown that injury rates are given between 0.74–3.3 per 1000 h of training, which is not higher than in other individual sports such as weightlifting. The purpose of the study was to estimate the type of pain symptoms that are directly related to CrossFit, to estimate the frequency of injuries that occur within a population of recreational CrossFit athletes, and, finally, to identify the factors influencing the frequency of pain during CrossFit training. Methods: A total of 414 active CrossFit athletes completed an online survey inclusive of 29 items focusing on individual physical characteristics and training behavior, as well as simultaneous or previously practiced sports. Results: There was a significantly higher proportion of knee pain in athletes who had previously or simultaneously played another sport (p = 0.014). The duration, intensity, or type of personal training plan developed, along with personal information such as age, gender, or BMI, had no significant influence on the pain data. We could not find any significant variance between the groups that we formed based on the differently stated one-repetition max (RMs). There were differences in athletes who stated that they did specific accessory exercises for small muscle groups. Above all, athletes performing exercises for the hamstrings and the gluteus medius indicated fewer pain symptoms for the sacro-iliac joint (SIJ)/iliac and lower back locations. Conclusions: It is important not to see CrossFit as a single type of sport. When treating a CrossFit athlete, care should be taken to address inter-individual differences. This underlines the significant differences of this study between the individual athletes with regard to the ability to master certain skills or their previous sporting experience. The mere fact of mastering certain exercises seems to lead to significantly more pain in certain regions. In addition, there seems to be a connection between the previous or simultaneous participation in other sports and the indication of pain in the knee region.
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Karagianni, Konstantina, Olyvia Donti, and Gregory C. Bogdanis. "Effects of a Supplementary Strength-Power Training Program on Neuromuscular Performance in Young Female Athletes." Proceedings 25, no. 1 (2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019025007.
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AIM: This study examined the effects of a high-intensity, short-duration supplementary strength-power training program on neuromuscular performance and sport-specific skills of young female “Gymnastics for All” athletes. MATERIAL & METHOD: Twenty-four female “Gymnastics for all” athletes aged 13 ± 2 years, with at least two years of competitive-level training experience, took part in this study. Participants were divided into training (TG, n = 13) and control groups (CG, n = 11), who completed the same 3-day per week gymnastics training program over 10 weeks, with the TG completing a supplementary 7–9 min long strength-power program at the end of each training session. This training program consisted of two rounds of strength and power exercises for arms and legs, executed in a circuit fashion with 1-min rest between rounds. The exercises used included plyometrics for upper and lower body using body weight resistance, as well as strength-power exercises using elastic bands and light kettle bells. Participants performed each exercise at maximum voluntary effort, as fast and as hard as possible. Initially, six different exercises were performed per round (15 s work and 15 s rest), while the number of exercises per round was gradually decreased to four and the duration of each exercise was increased to 30 s (with 30 s rest). Data were analyzed using mixed-model 2-way ANOVA (group × time). RESULTS: After 10 weeks of training the TG improved countermovement jump performance with one leg (by 11.9 ± 2.8%, p = 0.001) and two legs (by 7.1 ± 2.7%, p = 0.026), drop jump performance (by 11.9 ± 2.8%, p = 0.002), single-leg jumping agility (by 12.9 ± 1.5%, p = 0.001), sport-specific performance, i.e., repeated rondats (by 8.2 ± 2.1%, p = 0.004), but not 10-m sprint performance (2.5 ± 1.7%, p = 0.23). There was no change in these neuromuscular performance parameters in the CG (p = 0.13 to 0.94). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that this supplementary strength-power program performed for only 7–9 min at the end of each session improved neuromuscular and sport-specific performance after 10 weeks of training.
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Li, Chunhao. "Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Sport-related Concussion." Theoretical and Natural Science 3, no. 1 (2023): 615–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/3/20220386.
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Concussion is a serious injury with potential long-term cognitive complications. Due to the prevalence of undiagnosed concussions and their detriments to health, concussion treatment and prevention are important topics of exploration. By investigating concussion diagnosis and management, the types of treatment, and preventive methods, this study demonstrates the positive role of active rehabilitation in concussion management. It presents opportunities for future studies to focus on more specific types of exercise and possible rule regulations. Results show that concussion symptoms may vary according to severity, from minor headaches and loss of concentration to depression, dementia, and impaired cognitive function. Clinical or syndromic concussion diagnosis is the most used and reliable subjective assessment method in the contemporary health and scientific field. Immediate removal from sport and vigorous exercise is crucial after athletes experience a concussion to avoid exacerbating the symptoms or causing an additional concussion. Contrary to the belief of complete rest after a concussion, early sub-symptom aerobic exercise and a gradual return to sports participation are important and effective measures for concussion treatment. Patients experiencing prolonged symptoms may also benefit from aerobic exercises. Additionally, there is no effective equipment for preventing concussions in the current sports world. Sports rule changes and education could be efficacious in preventing concussions.
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Kyselovičová, Oľga, and Erika Zemková. "Postural Stability in Aerobic Gymnastics Specific Positions." Sport Science Review 19, no. 3-4 (2010): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10237-011-0020-0.
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Postural Stability in Aerobic Gymnastics Specific Positions The study compares the effect of maximal jumps and sport-specific exercises on parameters of balance. Two balance elements (free support vertical split and frontal split) were analyzed in a group of 8 aerobic gymnasts (average age = 17,0 ± 1,3 years, average body height = 163,0 ± 6,9 cm, average body weight = 54,5 ± 6,12 kg, BMI 20,4 ± 1,46 kg.m-2). The FiTRO Sway Check stabilographic system, allowing the monitoring of horizontal movement of centre of gravity with the help of dynamometric board, was used for assessment. Stabilographic parameter of the velocity of the centre of pressure (mean and in antero-posterior and medio-lateral directions) was registered at 100 Hz. The results show significant differences in average sway length in medio-lateral and antero-posterior direction, in both analysed difficulty elements. This indicates that balance impairment after exercise and its readjustments to pre-exercise level depends not only on intensity of proprioceptive stimulation but also on type of exercise.
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Bian, Jiachen. "Discussion on the Core Strength Training Method for 100-Meter Event in Track and Field Sports." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 7, no. 12 (2023): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v7i12.5791.
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In track and field sports, the 100-meter race is an extremely intense sport that requires effective training of athletes’core strength. From the perspective of adolescents, in order to enhance core strength, it is necessary to effectively fix the pelvic position in the process of exercise, so that the core stability, balance, and coordination of athletes can be improved. The training process of the 100-meter event is mainly an anaerobic metabolic exercise, it is necessary to ensure that athletes maintain a high level of physical readiness during the exercises and concentrate highly on their core strength, so that they can achieve excellent results. This paper analyzes the core strength training for the 100-meter event in track and field sports, discusses its importance, and puts forward specific training methods, hoping to provide guidelines for relevant researchers.
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Nagorna, Viktoriia, Artur Mytko, Olha Borysova, Katja Oberhofer, Basil Achermann, and Silvio Lorenzetti. "Gender-specific issues for sport preparedness of elite female athletes in team sport games." Health, sport, rehabilitation 9, no. 3 (2023): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.58962/hsr.2023.9.3.74-90.
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Purpose. The goal of this study was to identify gender-specific issues of sports training to assist in the planning of training and competition loads of female elite athletes in team sport games.
 Material and methods. Bibliometric techniques were applied in this study to gather highly cited papers in sport sciences published during 2005-2022. The method of expert evaluations was used to determine the modern problems of female elite sports. To determine the model characteristics of the optimal psychophysiological state and balance function of elite male versus female athletes during physical exercises, two independent groups 17 women and 24 men were compared, elite athletes from such sport games, as: basketball (women, n=10 and men, n=14), handball (women, n=3 and men, n=5) and volleyball (women, n=4 and men, n=5). Mathematical and statistical processing and data analysis were carried out using the computing and graphic capabilities of the computer programs "Statistica" and Microsoft Excel 2010.
 Results. The analysis of sports scientific literature regarding gender-specific issues and the experts' analytical notes allowed us to obtain information about the main problems, such as: using male models of physical preparation at the training process for women. We determined that the psychophysiological functions for men and women have very particular gender-specific characteristics. For men, it is a predominance of attention, and for women, mobility and strength of nervous processes, respectively. As for the ratio of the quality of the equilibrium function of elite athletes without and with visual control, significantly higher indicators are observed for women (0,98 ± 0,02, p<0,05) compared to the group of men (0,78 ± 0,06, p<0,05).
 Conclusions. The research results obtained by us when comparing the psychophysiological and biomechanical indicators of elite athletes of different gender groups provide reliable information about the need to build different approaches in planning special physical loads for female and male athletes in sport games.
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Buchheit, M., P. M. Lepretre, A. L. Behaegel, G. P. Millet, G. Cuvelier, and S. Ahmaidi. "Cardiorespiratory responses during running and sport-specific exercises in handball players." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12, no. 3 (2009): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2007.11.007.
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Bernstorff, Maria A., Norman Schumann, Andreas Finke, Thomas A. Schildhauer, and Matthias Königshausen. "Popular Gym Fitness Sport: An Analysis of 1387 Recreational Athletes Regarding Prone to Pain Exercises and the Corresponding Localisations." Sports 12, no. 1 (2023): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports12010012.
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Background: Recreational fitness sports are popular worldwide and rank first among organised sports. This study aims to bridge a knowledge gap by examining which exercises are most prone to causing pain symptoms, as a possible precursor for injury, and analysing the body regions that are most frequently affected. Methods: Using an online questionnaire, 20 demographic and training-specific items and 49 sport-specific exercises were recorded. Frequent exercises as well as the incidence and distribution of pain symptoms that the athletes experienced during or in relation to their training were evaluated. Results: The study assessed common exercises and documented the frequency and distribution of pain symptoms experienced by athletes during or in relation to their training. A total of 1387 respondents were included in this study. Of these, 732 (53.1%) experienced pain during their fitness training, with 333 (24.2%) being female and 397 (22.3%) being male. The method of creating a training plan showed a significant influence (p < 0.001): athletes who devised their own plans reported pain or instability more frequently than those in the comparison groups. Guided exercises on machines resulted in the lowest frequency of pain (11.54%), while exercises with free weights were associated with the highest pain rate among respondents (19.94%). Specifically, exercises such as the back squat, deadlift, bench press, and triceps dips were identified as the exercises most commonly associated with pain. The most frequently reported pain region was the shoulder, followed by the lower back and knees. Conclusion: The findings reveal a significant number of unreported pain symptoms. The disparity between rigorous training volumes and the absence of professional care frequently leads to injuries and pain. It is incumbent upon sports medicine to investigate the root causes of these complaints (pain or instability) to implement preventive measures against potential injuries.
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Barañano Alcaide, Rafael, Manuel Sillero Quintana, Ricardo Bernardez Vilaboa, Jimena Barañano Alcaide, and Rut Gonzalez Jiménez. "Fencing Training with Reaction Time Lights." Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte 17, no. 1-2 (2024): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33155/ramd.v17i1-2.1157.
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Authors Rafael Barañano-Alcaide Msc, PhD student for Complutense University of Madrid.(Spain). Corresponding author . rafabara@ucm.es Dr. Manuel Sillero-Quintana, Titular professor of Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Sports Department, Madrid, (Spain). Dr. Ricardo-Bernardez, Titular professor of optometry department of the University Complutense of Madrid.(Spain). Jimena Barañano-Perez, student of I.E.S Luis de Gongora of Córdoba (Spain). Rut Gonzalez-Jiménez Msc, PhD student for Complutense University of Madrid.(Spain). Abstract Objective: evaluate different reaction times in fencing training with reaction time lights Method: This manuscript proposes four specific exercises for evaluating the simple reaction time (SRT), the elective reaction time (ERT), the go/no-go response time (G/NG) and the decision decision-making after lunge (DML), march (DMM) and braking (DMB) in fencers. The sample consisted of 48 fencers (22 males and 17 females; age: 21 ± 13 years) from several fencing clubs in the region of Andalusia, competing at amateur (10 athletes), regional (17 athletes), national (7 athletes), and international (5 athletes) in the three official fencing weapons: Epee (E), Saber (S), and Foil (F). The exercises were developed for the Queling Sport lighting system, connected by Bluetooth with the ReactionX android application, which controlled the activation of the lights and recorded the reaction time and the correction of the execution for each trial. Results: The results by gender did not show significant differences. Considering the results by weapon, the foil fencers were fastest than saber fencers, in all the exercises, but they were only significantly faster in the DML and DMM exercises. The performance in all the exercises was directly related with the competition level of the fencer, but only significantly better in foil fencers than in sable fencers when the exercise required decision-making processes. Conclusions: We propose a reference scale to evaluate the perceptive ability of the fencers that could be applied in talent detection processes and for evaluating the specific perceptive ability of the fencers.
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Leşe, Ana Cristina, Raluca Minea, and Iarina Teodora Dumitraş. "2. Performance in the Artistic Career Supported by the Practice of Intense Physical Exercises." Review of Artistic Education 25, no. 1 (2023): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rae-2023-0016.
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Abstract Performance in the artistic career is achieved through a continuous process of learning, education and study, supported and enhanced by an unseen, unnoticed, even often ignored factor like sport. Through this study we can demonstrate that the practice of intense specific type of physical exercises or individual sports can influence and support performance in the visual arts field. Our study we have been carrying out in the past 2 years for a number of 350 student artists who practised a type of sport or a physical activity, including physical education courses in their university curriculum, shows that they experienced better artistic performance in a percentage of 60% compared to those students who practiced less physical exercises. It is well known that training, in a variety of forms, allows increasing the mass of specific group of muscles, but also increasing endurance for longer periods of time. Also, regular physical activity causes an increase in the vascular caliber, which will lead to better oxygenation and a better nutrient supply to the brain. The brain is the most glucose-demanding organ in the body and, at the same time, it functions only in aerobic metabolism. Thus, the increase of vascular caliber through regular sports will determine an increased intracranial pressure, respectively a higher oxygen and glucose consumption. Constant practice of physical exercises will significantly reduce the risk of mental illnesses, and will improve memory, by preventing a series of brain disorders.
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Tsybanyuk, O. "Genesis of basic definitions in the field of physical education in the scientific and reference literature of Romania." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 4(149) (April 20, 2022): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.4(149).27.
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The genesis of professional terminology is carried out. The author singled out the work of Romanian researcher L. Macedon, who emphasizes that most of the terms of the late eighteenth - nineteenth centuries. was based on the gymnastic lexicon, and the first work of Romanian authorship was a monograph by Professor D. Ionescu "Terminology of exercises for order, free and with objects and on shells." In addition, the use of terms in different interpretations was witnessed: exercises or type of physical activity (used to define exercises in fencing, horseback riding, wrestling before the official appearance of the term "sport"); exercises for the body or "usual, necessary exercises for the rebirth of people", for the sake of "physical strength". It is determined that in the same period the concept of "physical education" and "school physical education" was finally formed, which, according to G. Mochan, included gymnastics, outdoor games, excursions and walks, winter activities in the daily routine of the educational institution. It is proved that the theory and practice of physical education of Romanian schoolchildren of the studied period, its basic terminology, have undergone significant changes depending on the specific historical and social conditions that reflect the interests of society. The genesis of professional definitions was influenced by global and local trends in physical education and its militarization, growing interest in physical education, the formation of scientific justification for the essence of exercise, differentiation of individual sports and the creation of organizational forms - schools and clubs, independent sports associations.
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Monselli, Claudio, Luca Bianco Prevot, Riccardo Accetta, Livio Pietro Tronconi, Vittorio Bolcato, and Giuseppe Basile. "State of the Art in Rehabilitation Strategies After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Systematic Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 23 (2024): 7302. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237302.
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Background/Objectives: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common cause of hip pain in athletes and active individuals, often requiring hip arthroscopy followed by a structured rehabilitation program. Effective rehabilitation is crucial for optimizing surgical outcomes and facilitating a return to sport. Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to evaluate post-operative rehabilitation protocols after hip arthroscopy for FAI. Databases searched included PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to April 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on studies documenting rehabilitation post-arthroscopy for FAI, with a final selection of 14 studies encompassing 1105 patients. Data extraction focused on rehabilitation techniques, functional outcomes, and return-to-sport rates. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 and ROBINS-I tools. Results: Rehabilitation protocols were categorized into four phases, emphasizing manual therapy, strengthening, stretching, aquatic exercises, and sport-specific drills. The average return-to-sport rate was 90.3%. Manual therapy and aquatic programs were critical in early recovery, while strengthening and proprioception exercises were central to later stages. Variability in protocols across studies was noted. Conclusions: Post-operative rehabilitation following hip arthroscopy for FAI is essential for recovery. A phased, individualized approach, integrating manual therapy, aquatic exercises, and sport-specific training, yields positive outcomes. However, the heterogeneity of protocols suggests the need for standardized guidelines tailored to individual patient needs and activity levels.
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Salagas, Andreas, Olyvia Donti, Christos Katsikas, and Gregory C. Bogdanis. "Heart Rate Responses during Sport-Specific High-Intensity Circuit Exercise in Child Female Gymnasts." Sports 8, no. 5 (2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports8050068.
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This study examined heart rate (HR) responses during a sport-specific high-intensity circuit training session to indirectly assess cardiorespiratory stress in child athletes. Seventeen, female gymnasts, aged 9–11 years performed two 5-min 15 s sets of circuit exercise, interspersed by a 3 min rest interval. Each set included five rounds of five gymnastic exercises (7 s work, 7 s rest) executed with maximal effort. During the first circuit training set, peak heart rate (HR) was 192 ± 7 bpm and average HR was 83 ± 4% of maximum HR (HRmax), which was determined in a separate session. In the second set, peak HR and average HR were increased to 196 ± 8 bpm (p < 0.001, d = 0.55) and to 89 ± 4% HRmax (p < 0.001, d = 2.19), respectively, compared with the first set. HR was above 80% HRmax for 4.1 ± 1.2 min during set 1 and this was increased to 5.1 ± 0.4 min in set 2 (p < 0.001, d = 1.15). Likewise, HR was above 90% of HRmax for 2.0 ± 1.2 min in set 1 and was increased to 3.4 ± 1.7 min in set 2 (p < 0.001, d = 0.98). In summary, two 5-min 15 s sets of high-intensity circuit training using sport-specific exercises, increased HR to levels above 80% and 90% HRmax for extended time periods, and thus may be considered as an appropriate stimulus, in terms of intensity, for improving aerobic fitness in child female gymnasts.
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Formenti, Damiano, Alessio Rossi, Tindaro Bongiovanni, et al. "Effects of Non-Sport-Specific Versus Sport-Specific Training on Physical Performance and Perceptual Response in Young Football Players." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 1962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041962.
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This study aimed to compare the effects of non-sport-specific and sport-specific training methods on physical performance and perceptual response in young football players. Seventy-nine under 11 participants were selected and assigned to non-sport-specific (NSSG), sport-specific (SSG), and control (CNTG) groups. The NSSG training protocol consisted of combined stimuli based on balance, agility, and jump rope drills. The SSG training protocol included technical exercises, defensive and offensive game-based drills, and a small-sided game. The CNTG included the participants not taking part in any sport training. All participants were tested for general motor coordination (Harre test), dynamic balance (Lower Quarter Y-balance test), and dribbling before and after 10 weeks of training (NSSG and SSG) or habitual activity (CNTG). At post-intervention, perceived enjoyment was requested by the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). A two-way repeated measure analysis of covariance was used to detect interactions and main effects of time and groups controlling for baseline values. Whereas, a one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate PACES-related differences between groups. NSSG gained greater improvements (p < 0.05) compared with SSG in the Harre and Lower Quarter Y-balance tests, while dribbling skills improved similarly in both groups. Regarding PACES, NSSG and SSG presented a comparable perceived enjoyment. These findings suggest that a 10-week non-sport-specific training is an enjoyable practice capable to promote greater improvements in general motor coordination and dynamic balance compared with sport-specific training in youth football players. This can occur without impairment of football-specific skills.
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Slak, Vita, and Žiga Kozinc. "COMPARISON OF UPPER AND LOWER BODY DYNAMIC BALANCE BETWEEN SPORT CLIMBERS AND NON-CLIMBERS." Kinesiologia Slovenica: scientific journal on sport 30, no. 3 (2024): 143–57. https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.30.3.143-157.
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One of the factors for success in sports climbing, now receiving increased attention in scientific literature, is balance. Therefore, we conducted a research experiment to compare the dynamic balance between climbers and non-climbers through Y-balance test (YBT). A research experiment was carried out involving 50 participants, including 25 sport climbers, and 25 individuals active in various other sports. Subjects completed a sports participation questionnaire and performed three tests: YBT for lower and upper quarter, as well as the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability test (CKCUEST). The analysis showed significantly higher results in sport climbers in the Y Balance Test on both lower (p = 0.001-0.017) and upper quarter (p = 0.001-0.002), as well as in CKCUEST (p=0.014–0.023). No significant differences were found for individual's dominant side or gender in YBT. Composite scores of both YBT tests were moderately correlated with normalized CKCUEST score (r = 0.41-0.57; p = 0.001 – 0.003). Sport climbers who regularly engage in strengthening exercises achieved rather better outcomes in specific combinations and directions. Balance may be one of the relevant factors for success in sport climbing and further research is needed in this area.
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García-Gómez, Saleky, Javier Pérez-Tejero, Carmen Ocete, and Rubén Barakat. "Expert’s opinion of a home-based exercise program for shoulder pain prevention: application in wheelchair basketball players." Psychology, Society, & Education 9, no. 3 (2017): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/psye.v9i3.1024.
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The aim of the study was to assess the structure and content validity of a home-based exercise program, as an instrument to prevent of shoulder pain (SP) in wheelchair basketball players. The proposed program was designed considering previous studies but to be applied in this specific population and; it was composed by exercises based on active mobility (4 exercises), strengthening (5 exercises) and stretching (5 exercises) of the shoulder joint. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of 9 experts (1 rehabilitation physician,1 sport physician, 4 physiotherapists and 3 coaches) that fulfilled the defined inclusion criteria. The results showed that experts considered the shoulder home-based exercise program (SHEP) as adequate tool for SP prevention in WB; however, some experts suggested some changes to improve it. According to the qualitative analysis performed, findings revealed two main underlying factors such as “design” (content and structure) and “application” that could influence in the adequate use of the home-based exercise program. This study provided evidence that the presentedhome-based exercise program is a validate tool and could be a powerful tool to prevent shoulder pain in WB player’s population.
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DAMIAN, Cosmin, and Mirela DAMIAN. "Futsal Player Rehabilitation after Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction." Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 10, no. 1 (2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/rrem/18.
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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are one of the most common knee injuries in sports. This research provide a scientific basis for the rehabilitation protocol after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and present a subject experiences in the rehabilitation process after surgery, using futsal specific exercises with the purpose of returning in 6 months to sport activity. The subject which was tested is 18-years-old male, futsal player with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with a hamstrings autograft. The rehabilitation protocol spans over a 6 month period and was divided into 4 phases [table1], for a total of about 288 sessions. The rehabilitation protocol it started a 7 day after surgery, at a rate of 2 sessions a day, 6 days a week The goals and exercise for each phase involve: range of motion (ROM), flexibility, normalizing gait, activation of the quadriceps muscle, strength and endurance, proprioception, cardiovascular fitness, specific technical and tactical futsal skills. The criteria for each phase progression were evaluated with Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS). This study case suggests a high rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction, the key elements in the rehabilitation program is specificity goal and exercises of futsal game, performed in a individual and team training. Organizing the rehabilitation protocol with addressability and specificity of futsal exercises is necessary to speed up recovery.
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Imran khan, Aproov Narain. "Effectiveness of Sports Physiotherapy in Pain Reduction and Strength Improvement among Teenage Cricketers: A Mixed-Methods Study." Cuestiones de Fisioterapia 54, no. 2 (2025): 2549–56. https://doi.org/10.48047/daspkm69.
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Background : Adolescent cricketers are at a high risk of sports injuries mainly because of the nature of the sport. A good rehabilitation program can ensure that one recuperates adequately, controls pain and improves the muscular strength. Sports physiotherapy, with its specific interventions, has been promising in addressing these needs, but evidence about its effectiveness is very limited in this age group. Methods : 40 teenage cricketers were selected for this study from the Jaipur Cricket Academies and placed into two groups-Group A, the control group receiving standard exercises and Group B, the experimental group receiving Sports Physiotherapy-Based Exercises. The levels of pain and strength of muscles were estimated through standard physical tests at the start and every week after commencement of rehabilitation. Statistical analysis was conducted on the quantitative data, while answers to qualitative questions were found through interviews with participants.
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Beletsky, Alexander, Jourdan M. Cancienne, Brandon J. Manderle, Nabil Mehta, Kevin E. Wilk, and Nikhil N. Verma. "A Comparison of Physical Therapy Protocols Between Open Latarjet Coracoid Transfer and Arthroscopic Bankart Repair." Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 12, no. 2 (2020): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738119887396.
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Context: Recent studies examining return to sport after traumatic shoulder instability suggest faster return-to-sport time lines after bony stabilization when compared with soft tissue stabilization. The purpose of the current study was to define variability across online Latarjet rehabilitation protocols and to compare Latarjet with Bankart repair rehabilitation time lines. Evidence Acquisition: Online searches were utilized to identify publicly available rehabilitation protocols from Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)–accredited academic orthopaedic surgery programs. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Results: Of the 183 ACGME-accredited orthopaedic programs reviewed, 14 institutions (7.65%) had publicly available rehabilitation protocols. A web-based search yielded 17 additional protocols from private sports medicine practices. Of the 31 protocols included, 31 (100%) recommended postoperative sling use and 26 (84%) recommended elbow, wrist, and hand range of motion exercises. Full passive forward flexion goals averaged 3.22 ± 2.38 weeks postoperatively, active range of motion began on average at 5.22 ± 1.28 weeks, and normal scapulothoracic motion by 9.26 ± 4.8 weeks postoperatively. Twenty (65%) protocols provided specific recommendations for return to nonoverhead sport–specific activities, beginning at an average of 17 ± 2.8 weeks postoperatively. This was compared with overhead sports or throwing activities, for which 18 (58%) of protocols recommended beginning at a similar average of 17.1 ± 3.3 weeks. Conclusion: Similar to Bankart repair protocols, Latarjet rehabilitation protocols contain a high degree of variability with regard to exercises and motion goal recommendations. However, many milestones and start dates occur earlier in Latarjet protocols when compared with Bankart-specific protocols. Consequently, variability in the timing of rehabilitation goals may contribute to earlier return to play metrics identified in the broader literature for the Latarjet procedure when compared with arthroscopic Bankart repair. Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT): Level C.
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Wang, Heng. "Analysis of Strength Training in the Training of Shot-Putters." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 8, no. 6 (2024): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v8i6.7313.
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The shot put is a sport that requires very high explosive power and precise technique. Strength training occupies the core position in the training of shot-putters, which can not only improve the throwing distance of athletes but also enhance their competitive state and prevent sports injuries. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the principles, classification, methods, and specific exercises of strength training in the training of shot-putters, in order to provide scientific training guidance for shot-putters.
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Beato, Marco, Stuart A. McErlain-Naylor, Israel Halperin, and Antonio Dello Iacono. "Current Evidence and Practical Applications of Flywheel Eccentric Overload Exercises as Postactivation Potentiation Protocols: A Brief Review." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 2 (2020): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0476.
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Purpose: To summarize the evidence on postactivation potentiation (PAP) protocols using flywheel eccentric overload (EOL) exercises. Methods: Studies were searched using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Institute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge. Results: In total, 7 eligible studies were identified based on the following results: First, practitioners can use different inertia intensities (eg, 0.03–0.11 kg·m2), based on the exercise selected, to enhance sport-specific performance. Second, the PAP time window following EOL exercise seems to be consistent with traditional PAP literature, where acute fatigue is dominant in the early part of the recovery period (eg, 30 s), and PAP is dominant in the second part (eg, 3 and 6 min). Third, as EOL exercises require large force and power outputs, a volume of 3 sets with the conditioning activity (eg, half-squat or lunge) seems to be a sensible approach. This could reduce the transitory muscle fatigue and thereby allow for a stronger potentiation effect compared with larger exercise volumes. Fourth, athletes should gain experience by performing EOL exercises before using the tool as part of a PAP protocol (3 or 4 sessions of familiarization). Finally, the dimensions of common flywheel devices offer useful and practical solutions to induce PAP effects outside of normal training environments and prior to competitions. Conclusions: EOL exercise can be used to stimulate PAP responses to obtain performance advantages in various sports. However, future research is needed to determine which EOL exercise modalities among intensity, volume, and rest intervals optimally induce the PAP phenomenon and facilitate transfer effects on athletic performances.
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Chase, S. L., M. Kavanagh Williamson, and M. B. Smith. "Epidemiology of UK Military Exercise SAIF SAREEA 3: future planning for hot climates." BMJ Military Health 166, no. 6 (2020): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjmilitary-2019-001360.
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IntroductionEpidemiological data captured from military exercises and operations can highlight treatment requirements specific to operating in certain environmental conditions. Such data is invaluable to enable accurate planning for future exercises. Epidemiological data were collected during Exercise SAIF SAREEA 3 (SS3) to provide an insight into medical provision requirements for low-tempo military operations in hot, desert climates.MethodEpidemiological data was collected from all consultations conducted during the exercise within the LAND Medical Reception Station, 24 August–14 November 2018, using Epi-NATO surveillance systems.ResultsOf the 1414 total consultations recorded, 759 were first presentations and 665 were follow-up consultations, with 35 referrals made to hospitals. 1348 days of limited duties were given and 258 working days were lost. The most common coding reported for consultations were ‘non-battle non-sport related injuries’, ‘sport related injuries’ and ‘dermatological'.DiscussionThe data highlight the most common cause of injuries and the role of assets such as dental, sexual and mental health services for future deployments. A number of explanations are considered in relation to the patterns identified and the effect on future planning for working in hot climates. Furthermore, Exercise SS3 had reduced numbers of personnel requiring deployed Role 2 or host nation hospital services, which again raises further considerations for future deployments.
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Rasinkin, S. M., M. V. Dvornikov, I. A. Artamonova, et al. "Efficiency of special cooling liquid on thermal state of athletes at high temperatures." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 1 (March 14, 2019): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-60-63.
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The article presents results of evaluating efficiency of special cooling liquid influence on heat state of athletes at high temperatures. The study covered 7 male athletes of cyclic sports, with sport rank at least 1 adult, average age 19.29±1.80 years. All the athletes underwent double examination including: anamnesis and complaints records, doctor’s examination, subjective evaluation of heat sensations, weight measurements, thermometry (tympanic, sublingual, rectal and skin (in 5 points)), ergospirometric stress testing. Changes in the athletes’ heat state were evaluated via dynamics of weighted average skin temperature and rectal temperature. Moreover, subjective evaluation of heat sensations was considered. Efficiency of the cooling liquid was assessed via dynamics of exercises performance time, maximal oxygen consumption and anaerobic metabolism threshold. The cooling liquid use appeared to be expedientin sport teams of summer sports for specific exertion after individual tests for adverse allergic reactions.
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Chikov, A. E., A. N. Pavlova, A. V. Naumov, and D. S. Medvedev. "Duration of functional stability to non-specific aerobic load in wrestlers." Sports medicine: research and practice 10, no. 4 (2021): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2020.4.10.
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Objective: study the duration of establishment of functional stability to non-specific stress in wrestlers.Materials and Methods. Nineteen athletes in martial arts, mid-age 23 ± 3 years of age, participated in the study. The qualification level of the subjects ranged from first sport grade to Master of Sport. A series of sports training was organized within 4 weeks. Each train consisted of a smooth-running load of 40 minutes at a speed corresponding to the anaerobic exchange threshold (AET). The indicators of the duration of reaching the AET level by heart rate (HR), the power of the low frequency and high frequency component of the spectrum were analyzed.Results. The effect of urgent adaptation, in the form of an extension of the duration the heart rate on the anaerobic threshold level from 29 to 32 mines and the increase in the regulation of vegetative nervous system by increasing the total power of the spectrum observed on the third day of the training cycle. From the third to ninth days of the study, fatigue occurs, as can be seen from the lowering of the anaerobic threshold time to 21 minutes, as well as the lowering of the high-frequency part of the vegetative nervous system regulatory spectrum. The emergency adaptation ends by 9 days of observation, after four high-intensity exercises, which manifests itself in stabilizing the regulation of the heart rate, vegetative nervous system goes from a reflex level to a lower one — a humeral metabolic level. The time to reach the HR in the aerobic threshold will stabilize at 21–23 minutes.Conclusions. Functional stability to the non-specific aerobic load in the wrestlers emerged by the twentyseventh day of the study after ten highly intensive aerobic exercises, which confirmed by the results of the time dynamics of the tine of HR in aerobic threshold and analysis of spectrum results of HRV.
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Cotter, Ashley. "Return to Sport Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Women’s Field Hockey." Journal of Women's Sports Medicine 2, no. 2 (2022): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.53646/jwsm.v2i2.24.
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Competitive women’s field hockey has evolved through the years, making it a fast-paced sport, requiring high levels of strength, endurance, and cardiopulmonary demands. While the sport of field hockey continues to grow, so does the number of ACL injuries. Research is lacking in return of female athletes to the sport post ACL reconstruction. The field hockey athlete is required to sprint, pivot, cut, and change directions quickly, while playing in a squat-like position. Rehabilitation guidelines addressing field hockey specific ACL injury must include building lower extremity muscular strength, optimizing neuromuscular control, and improving cardiopulmonary endurance. The challenge for the clinician is to incorporate sport specific elements into the rehabilitation and training to maximize function for return to play, while minimizing risk of reinjury for the field hockey athlete. This guideline will provide a criterion-based rehabilitation progression with early integration of field hockey specific exercises to assist in the athlete’s multiplanar neuromuscular control and success in return to sport.
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Lucia, Stefania, Valentina Bianco, Luca Boccacci, and Francesco Di Russo. "Effects of a Cognitive-Motor Training on Anticipatory Brain Functions and Sport Performance in Semi-Elite Basketball Players." Brain Sciences 12, no. 1 (2021): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12010068.
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The aim of this research was to test the possible effects of cognitive–motor training (CMT) on athletes’ sport performance and cognitive functions. Namely, specific athletic tests, brain processes associated with anticipatory event-related potential (ERP) components and behavioral performance during a cognitive discrimination response task were evaluated pre- and post-training. Twenty-four young semi-professional basketball players were recruited for the study and randomly divided into an experimental (Exp) group executing the CMT training and a control (Con) group performing standard motor training. The CMT training protocol included exercises in which participants performed cognitive tasks during dribbling exercises using interactive devices which emitted visual and auditory stimuli, in which athletes’ responses were recorded. Results showed that following training, only the Exp group improved in all sport-specific tests (17%) and more than the Con group (88% vs. 60%) in response accuracy during the cognitive test. At brain level, post-training anticipatory cognitive processes associated with proactive inhibition and top-down attention in the prefrontal cortex were earlier and heightened in the Exp group. Our findings confirm previous studies on clear improved efficacy of CMT training protocols on sport performance and cognition compared to training based on motor exercises only, but extend the literature in showing that these effects might be explained by enhanced anticipatory brain processing in the prefrontal cortex. The present study also suggests that in order to achieve specific athletic goals, the brain adapts cognitive functions by means of neuroplasticity processes.
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Burnie, Louise, Paul Barratt, Keith Davids, Joseph Stone, Paul Worsfold, and Jon Wheat. "Coaches’ philosophies on the transfer of strength training to elite sports performance." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 13, no. 5 (2017): 729–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954117747131.
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The objective of the study was to explore coaches’ philosophies regarding strength training (repetitive muscle actions against high loads) and the transfer of strength training to sports performance. Thirteen world class coaches and athletes from track cycling, Bicycle Moto-Cross (BMX), sprint kayaking, rowing and athletics sprinting were interviewed using an open-ended, semi-structured approach. Participants were asked about their coaching philosophies, design of athlete training programmes, strength training and its transfer to sports performance. A thematic analysis was conducted. Data trustworthiness was enhanced by methods of member checking and analyst triangulation. Coaches believed that task-specific strength is essential for sports performance. They reported that non-specific strength training (‘traditional’ gym-based strength exercises that are not specific to a sport movement) is important for increasing athletes’ muscle size and strength. This is typically used in conjunction with resisted sport movement training (for example, increased resistance running, pedalling or rowing), believed to achieve an effective transfer of enhanced muscle strength to sports performance. Coaches described the transfer process as complex, with factors associated with fatigue and coordination having particular significance. The importance that coaches place on coordination is supported by a theoretical model that demonstrates increases in muscle strength from strength training may need to be accompanied with a change in inter-muscular coordination to improve sport performance. The idea that each athlete needs to adapt intermuscular coordination in response to a change in his/her unique set of ‘organism constraints’ (e.g. muscle strength) is well described by the theory of ecological dynamics and Newell’s model of constraints.
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Ramadan, Wael, Ahmed Elsayed, Mariam Abu Alim, Ellie Abdi, and Medhat Kasem Abdel Razek. "The Influence of Ballistic Exercises on Growth, Somatomedin Hormones for Soccer Players." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, A (2022): 1023–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9122.
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BACKGROUND: The sequence of exercise-induced hormonal changes demonstrates the quantification of training and competition loads and developing a sport-specific conditioning program. AIM: The present study investigates the impact of ballistic exercises on biochemical variables and the muscular ability of soccer players. METHODS: Participants were assigned randomly to two groups, including ten participants in each group, and underwent a pre- post-intervention test, including growth hormone, somatomedin hormone, triple jump, and wide jump. RESULTS: The experimental group showed a significant increase in Growth by 43.56%, somatomedin by 6.99%, Triple jumps by 18.65%, and Wide jump by 15.68% compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, ballistic exercises improved growth and somatomedin hormone, triple jump, and wide jump and thus enhancing biochemical variables and muscular ability.
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Sharifi, M., M. R. Hamedinia, and S. A. Hosseini-Kakhak. "The Effect of an Exhaustive Aerobic, Anaerobic and Resistance Exercise on Serotonin, Beta-endorphin and BDNF in Students." Physical education of students 22, no. 5 (2018): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2018.0507.
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Background and Study Aim: Sport exercises play a major role in many hormonal factors which related to happiness in human. Therefore, the short-term effects of three anaerobic, aerobic and resistance exercises on (BDNF) and hormones related to happiness such as serotonin and beta-endorphin has been studied in young men in this research. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two students (19 to 25 years old) who did not have regular physical activity were randomly divided into four groups, after the subjects were eaten the same breakfast, the blood of them were taken before and after the various short aerobic exercises (Exhaustive exercise with 70% of maximum heart rate) and anaerobic (Exhaustive exercise with maximum intensity) and exhaustive resistance exercise (with 8 stations). Control group did not practice any activity. Specific kits and ELISA method have been used to determine their values. Data were analyzed using ANOVAand ANCOVA method at a significant level of 5%. Results: Beta-endorphins showed a significant increase in resistance and aerobic training sessions compared to control group. However, serotonin and BDNF had a significant intra-group change in the aerobic group. Conclusion: It seems that aerobic exercises are the best practice for increasing some of the hormones associated with happiness.
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Magalhães, Helton, Marcelo Callegari Zanetti, Luiz Azevedo, et al. "Motivation and recovery in sports: systematic review." Motriz Revista de Educação Física 30, no. 1 (2024): e10220106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5016/s1980-6574e10220106.
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Abstract - Aim Adequate levels of motivation and recovery seem to be associated aspects in the sports context and could contribute to sports participation. Thus, how can athletes’ motivation and recovery be associated in the sport context? The aim was to conduct a systematic review to identify studies investigating a possible relationship between motivation and recovery. Method: Searches were performed between 12/18/2020 and 01/04/2021 and were done in Embase, Portal BVS, PsycNET, PubMed/Medline, SciElo, and SPORTDiscus databases with terms that are specific to each database in three languages. Studies that included athletes in their samples and investigated motivational regulations and recovery states were included. Review studies and those that investigated recovery between sets of exercises or motivation as an incentive to exercise were excluded. Descriptive and analytical data were extracted using a previously prepared form. The synthesis of the relationships between motivational regulations and recovery states were allocated into analytical categories. Results: From the 4,051 studies identified in the databases, 7 met the inclusion criteria and were assessed and analysed. The extraction and summary of analytical data allowed the identification of categories where motivation and recovery were associated with a) psychophysiological outcomes and sports participation and b) readiness to perform the sports task. Conclusion: The studies included in this review suggest that motivational regulation and recovery could be critical in the sports context and could be related to psychophysiological outcomes and sport participation.