Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sport specific joint angles

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Sport specific joint angles'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sport specific joint angles"

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Estevan, Isaac, Gonzalo Monfort-Torres, Roman Farana, David Zahradnik, Daniel Jandacka, and Xavier García-Massó. "Children’s Single-Leg Landing Movement Capability Analysis According to the Type of Sport Practiced." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (2020): 6414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176414.

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(1) Background: Understanding children’s motor patterns in landing is important not only for sport performance but also to prevent lower limb injury. The purpose of this study was to analyze children’s lower limb joint angles and impact force during single-leg landings (SLL) in different types of jumping sports using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). (2) Methods: Thirty children (53.33% girls, M = 10.16 years-old, standard deviation (SD) = 1.52) divided into three groups (gymnastics, volleyball and control) participated in the study. The participants were asked to do SLLs with the dominant lower limb (barefoot) on a force plate from a height of 25 cm. The vertical ground reaction force (GRF) and lower limb joint angles were assessed. SPM{F} one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SPM{t} unpaired t-tests were performed during the landing and stability phases. (3) Results: A significant main effect was found in the landing phase of jumping sport practice in GRF and joint angles. During the stability phase, this effect was exhibited in ankle and knee joint angles. (4) Conclusions: Evidence was obtained of the influence of practicing a specific sport in childhood. Child volleyball players performed SLL with lower impact force and higher knee flexion than child gymnasts. Training in specific jumping sports (i.e., volleyball and gymnastics) could affect the individual capacity to adapt SLL execution.
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Huis ‘t Veld, Rianne, Carmen van den Hoven, Erik Maartens, et al. "The Influence of Sport-Specific Fatigue on Neuromuscular Activation and Joint Angles in ACL Reconstructed Knees." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48 (May 2016): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000486018.00698.34.

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Safari, Maedeh, Shahrokh Shojaei, Pedram Tehrani, and Alireza Karimi. "A patient-specific finite element analysis of the anterior cruciate ligament under different flexion angles." Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation 33, no. 5 (2020): 811–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bmr-191505.

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BACKGROUND: The main responsibility of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is to restore normal knee kinematics and kinetics. Although so far different research has been carried out to measure or quantify the stresses and strains in the ACL experimentally or numerically, there is still a paucity of knowledge in this regard under different flexion angles of the tibiofemoral knee joint. OBJECTIVE: Understanding the stresses and strains within the ACL under various loading and boundary conditions may have a key asset for the development of an optimal surgical treatment of ACL injury that can better restore normal knee function. This study aimed to calculate the stresses and strains within the ACL under different flexion angles using a patient-specific finite element (FE) model of the human tibiofemoral knee joint. METHODS: A patient-specific FE model of the human tibiofemoral knee joint was established using computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging data to calculate the stresses and strains in the ACL under different flexion angles of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 45∘. RESULTS: Although the role of the flexion angle in the induced stresses and strains of the ACL was insignificant, the highest stress and strain were observed at the flexion angle of 0∘. The concentration of the stresses and strains regardless of the flexion angles were also located at the proximal end of the ACL, where the clinical reports indicated that most ACL tearing occurs there at the femoral insertion site. CONCLUSIONS: The results have implications not only for understanding the stresses and strains within the ACL under different flexion angles, but also for providing preliminary data for the biomechanical and medical experts in regard of the injuries which may occur to the ACL at relatively higher flexion angles.
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Di Paolo, Stefano, Stefano Zaffagnini, Nicola Pizza, Alberto Grassi, and Laura Bragonzoni. "Poor Motor Coordination Elicits Altered Lower Limb Biomechanics in Young Football (Soccer) Players: Implications for Injury Prevention through Wearable Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 13 (2021): 4371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134371.

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Motor coordination and lower limb biomechanics are crucial aspects of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention strategies in football. These two aspects have never been assessed together in real scenarios in the young population. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of motor coordination on lower limb biomechanics in young footballers during an on-the-pitch training. Eighteen juvenile football players (10 y ± 2 m) were enrolled. Each player performed a training drill with sport-specific movements (vertical jump, agility ladders, change of direction) and the Harre circuit test (HCT) to evaluate players’ motor coordination. Wearable inertial sensors (MTw Awinda, Xsens) were used to assess lower limb joint angles and accelerations. Based on the results of the HCT, players were divided into poorly coordinated (PC) and well-coordinated (WC) on the basis of the literature benchmark. The PC group showed a stiffer hip biomechanics strategy (up to 40% lower flexion angle, ES = 2.0) and higher internal-external hip rotation and knee valgus (p < 0.05). Significant biomechanical limb asymmetries were found only in the PC group for the knee joint (31–39% difference between dominant and non-dominant limb, ES 1.6–2.3). Poor motor coordination elicited altered hip and knee biomechanics during sport-specific dynamic movements. The monitoring of motor coordination and on-field biomechanics might enhance the targeted trainings for ACL injury prevention.
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Lum, Danny, and Tiago M. Barbosa. "Brief Review: Effects of Isometric Strength Training on Strength and Dynamic Performance." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 06 (2019): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0863-4539.

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AbstractThis review used a narrative summary of findings from studies that focused on isometric strength training (IST), covering the training considerations that affect strength adaptations and its effects on sports related dynamic performances. IST has been shown to induce less fatigue and resulted in superior joint angle specific strength than dynamic strength training, and benefited sports related dynamic performances such as running, jumping and cycling. IST may be included into athletes’ training regime to avoid getting overly fatigue while still acquiring positive neuromuscular adaptations; to improve the strength at a biomechanically disadvantaged joint position of a specific movement; to improve sports specific movements that require mainly isometric contraction; and when athletes have limited mobility due to injuries. To increase muscle hypertrophy, IST should be performed at 70–75% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) with sustained contraction of 3–30 s per repetition, and total contraction duration of>80–150 s per session for>36 sessions. To increase maximum strength, IST should be performed at 80–100% MVC with sustained contraction of 1–5 s, and total contraction time of 30–90 s per session, while adopting multiple joint angles or targeted joint angle. Performing IST in a ballistic manner can maximize the improvement of rate of force development.
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Postnikova, A., Yu Potekhina, A. Kurnikova, E. Tregubova, and D. Mokhov. "FEATURES OF JOINT MOBILITY IN SKIERS AND SKATERS." Human Sport Medicine 19, no. 1 (2019): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm190104.

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Aim. Different sports have an ambiguous effect on joint mobility. This article deals with identifying the characteristics of limb joint mobility in skiers and skaters. Materials and methods. 46 athletes (27 skiers and 19 skaters) aged 18–24 participated in the study. All athletes had no complaints regarding their musculoskeletal system. The volume of movements in limb joints was measured with a goniometer. When measuring the angles of flexion and extension of the wrist, as well as plantar flexion and extension, the amplitude was estimated both in active and passive motion. The data obtained were processed with Statistica 10.0 application package and nonparametric statistical methods. Results. In all parameters of the wrist joint (except for passive flexion), statistically significant greater mobility was revealed in skiers (p < 0.0001). The amplitude of active knee flexion was prevalent in skaters (p < 0.0001). Plantar flexion / extension (both active and passive) was also higher in skaters (p < 0.0001) than in skiers. The function of the ankle joint in skaters bears the imprint of a stable motor specialization, which is manifested in the extremely high amplitude of foot extension. In both groups, the angle of wrist flexion, the angle of retraction in the hip joint and the angle of plantar flexion exceeded the norms. This is because these joints are the most used both in skiers and skaters. Conclusions. The features of joint mobility are associated with specific athletic shoes and locomotor specialization for skiers and skaters. Skiers demonstrate the increased mobility of wrist joints, while skaters possess the increased mobility of the knee and ankle.
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Rousanoglou, E., and K. Boudolos. "Sport-specific joint angle effect on the correlations between isometric torque and jumping performance." Journal of Biomechanics 39 (January 2006): S73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(06)83179-9.

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Harrison, Kathryn, Adam Sima, Ronald Zernicke, et al. "Comparison of Frontal and Transverse Plane Kinematics Related to Knee Injury in Novice Versus Experienced Female Runners." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 37, no. 3 (2021): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2020-0140.

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Novice runners experience a higher incidence of knee injury than experienced runners, which may be related to aberrant frontal and transverse plane kinematics. However, differences in kinematics between novice and experienced runners have not been fully explored. For this study, 10 novice and 10 experienced female runners ran on a treadmill at 2.68 m/s. Ankle, knee, and hip joint angles during the stance phase were measured using a 3-dimensional motion capture system and modeled using cubic splines. Spline models were compared between groups using a generalized linear model (α = .05). Ninety-five percent confidence intervals of the difference between joint angles throughout stance were constructed to identify specific periods of stance where groups differed in joint position. Angle–angle diagrams of ankle and hip position in the frontal and transverse planes were constructed to depict joint coordination. Novice runners displayed less hip adduction, but greater knee abduction and knee internal rotation compared to experienced runners. Differences in knee joint position may be explained by coordination of hip and ankle motion. Greater knee abduction and knee internal rotation displayed by novice runners compared with experienced runners may help to explain their higher risk for injury.
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Di Paolo, Stefano, Nicola Francesco Lopomo, Francesco Della Villa, et al. "Rehabilitation and Return to Sport Assessment after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Quantifying Joint Kinematics during Complex High-Speed Tasks through Wearable Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 7 (2021): 2331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072331.

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The aim of the present study was to quantify joint kinematics through a wearable sensor system in multidirectional high-speed complex movements used in a protocol for rehabilitation and return to sport assessment after Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury, and to validate it against a gold standard optoelectronic marker-based system. Thirty-four healthy athletes were evaluated through a full-body wearable sensor (MTw Awinda, Xsens) and a marker-based optoelectronic (Vicon Nexus, Vicon) system during the execution of three tasks: drop jump, forward sprint, and 90° change of direction. Clinically relevant joint angles of lower limbs and trunk were compared through Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), and the Coefficient of Multiple Correlation (CMC). An excellent agreement (r > 0.94, CMC > 0.96) was found for knee and hip sagittal plane kinematics in all the movements. A fair-to-excellent agreement was found for frontal (r 0.55–0.96, CMC 0.63–0.96) and transverse (r 0.45–0.84, CMC 0.59–0.90) plane kinematics. Movement complexity slightly affected the agreement between the systems. The system based on wearable sensors showed fair-to-excellent concurrent validity in the evaluation of the specific joint parameters commonly used in rehabilitation and return to sport assessment after ACL injury for complex movements. The ACL professionals could benefit from full-body wearable technology in the on-field rehabilitation of athletes.
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Kipp, Kristof, Josh Redden, Michelle Sabick, and Chad Harris. "Kinematic and Kinetic Synergies of the Lower Extremities During the Pull in Olympic Weightlifting." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 28, no. 3 (2012): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.28.3.271.

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The purpose of this study was to identify multijoint lower extremity kinematic and kinetic synergies in weight-lifting and compare these synergies between joints and across different external loads. Subjects completed sets of the clean exercise at loads equal to 65, 75, and 85% of their estimated 1-RM. Functional data analysis was used to extract principal component functions (PCF’s) for hip, knee, and ankle joint angles and moments of force during the pull phase of the clean at all loads. The PCF scores were then compared between joints and across loads to determine how much of each PCF was present at each joint and how it differed across loads. The analyses extracted two kinematic and four kinetic PCF’s. The statistical comparisons indicated that all kinematic and two of the four kinetic PCF’s did not differ across load, but scaled according to joint function. The PCF’s captured a set of joint- and load-specific synergies that quantified biomechanical function of the lower extremity during Olympic weightlifting and revealed important technical characteristics that should be considered in sports training and future research.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sport specific joint angles"

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Owens, Ethan Monroe. "Use of Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull to Determine Asymmetrical Strength Differences in NCAA D-I Athletes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1370.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of isometric mid-thigh pulls to determine lower-limb asymmetrical strength differences in NCAA D-I athletes. Sixty-six subjects (40 males and 26 females) performed 2 maximal effort isometric pulls over two force plates sampling at 1000 Hz each. Peak force was scaled for body weight, and rate of force development was examined from 0-200ms. Results of the study show subjects' produced significantly greater scaled force with the left leg as compared to the right leg; however, no significant differences existed for rate of force development (RFD). Men exhibited significant differences between both scaled peak force and RFD, while women only showed significant differences in scaled peak force. Of the 66 subjects tested, 6 subjects (5 men and 1 woman) exhibited percent differences of 15% or greater asymmetry for scaled peak force. The results indicate that isometric mid-thigh pulls are a way to show the presence of asymmetries in D-I athletes.
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Sands, William A., Wendy L. Kimmel, Jeni R. McNeal, et al. "Kinematic and Kinetic Tumbling Take-off Comparisons of a Spring-floor and an Air FloorTM: A Pilot Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4619.

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Tumbling take-offs on floor exercise apparatuses of varying stiffness properties may contribute to apparatus behaviors that lead to increased injury exposure. The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the kinematics, kinetics, and timing performance characteristics of a springfloor and a spring-floor with an added Air FloorTM. Five male international gymnasts performed a forward handspring to forward somersault and a round off, flic flac, backward somersault on a standard spring-floor and a spring-floor with an Air FloorTM. Performances were measured via high-speed video kinematics (lower extremity joint angles and positions), electromyography of eight lower extremity muscles, mean peak forces on the feet, and timing. Comparisons of spring-floor types, lower extremity joint angles, lower extremity muscle activations, foot forces, and selected durations were determined. The spring floor with Air FloorTM resulted in longer take-off contact durations than spring-floor alone. Dynamic knee angles may indicate an unexpected and potentially injurious motion of the triceps surae musculotendinous structures. This pilot and hypothesis generating study has suggested future research examining dynamic knee position and angle changes, the role of spring-floor vibration and stiffness in take-offs, and take-off muscle activation alignment with the stiffness of the spring-floor. Pragmatically, there appears to be a convergence of evidence indicating that a slower frequency response of the spring floor may assist tumbling performance and reduce stress and strain in the lower extremity.
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Books on the topic "Sport specific joint angles"

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Shaw, Christopher M., Akin Cil, and Lyle J. Micheli. Upper extremity and trunk injuries. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0044.

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As the rate and level of youth athletic participation continues to rise, so does the frequency of injury to the trunk and upper extremities in these young athletes. Injuries are varied in severity and frequency. Additionally, injury patterns are unique to the growing musculoskeletal system and specific to the demands of the sport. The treatment of these injuries is also varied, ranging from preventative, to non-operative, to operative. Recognition of injury patterns with early activity modification and the initiation of efficacious treatment can potentially prevent invasive treatments, future deformity, or disability, and return the young athlete to sport. This chapter discusses the diagnosis and management of common upper extremity and trunk injuries in the paediatric athlete, including joint injuries, fractures, repetitive microtrauma, tendonitis, ligament injuries, and back pain.
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Book chapters on the topic "Sport specific joint angles"

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Maak, Travis, Peter Fabricant, and Bryan T. Kelly. "Sports Specific Injuries of the Hip Joint." In The Young Adult Hip in Sport. Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5412-9_9.

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Yoneyama, Takeshi, Nathan Scott, and Hiroyuki Kagawa. "Timing of Force Application and Joint Angles During a Long Ski Turn." In The Engineering of Sport 6. Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-46050-5_52.

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Cunha, Pedro Sá, João Ferreira, A. Paulo Coimbra, and Manuel Crisóstomo. "Computational Intelligence Generation of Subject-Specific Knee and Hip Healthy Joint Angles Reference Curves." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31635-8_203.

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Schulkin, Jay. "Running and the Brain: Neurogenesis." In Sport. Columbia University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231176767.003.0006.

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Begins with some of the conditions that set the stage for the act of running, and then look at neurogenesis, brain expansion, and longer-term consequences of running within a context of specific morphological features and diverse information molecules that participate in our capacity for running and sport. Running itself promotes cell proliferation in the hippocampus, in part through the induction of endorphins or diverse neuronal growth factors. Running and neurogenesis are linked to forms of basic adaptation; running easily transitioned from joint coordination to play, and eventually to sport.
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Clunie, Gavin, Nick Wilkinson, Elena Nikiphorou, and Deepak R. Jadon. "Regional musculoskeletal symptoms: making a working diagnosis." In Oxford Handbook of Rheumatology, edited by Gavin Clunie, Nick Wilkinson, Elena Nikiphorou, and Deepak R. Jadon. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198728252.003.0003.

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This extensive chapter facilitates a focused regional musculoskeletal assessment with additional detail specific to children and adolescents. Taking each region or joint in turn, the reader is supported with (1) tables of differential diagnoses; (2) detailed descriptions of anatomy including reference ranges; (3) lines of enquiry that identify work- or sport-related injury; (4) examination that recognizes radiation, neuropathy, impingement, myopathy, and stress; (5) functional assessment; and (6) specific tests. In children, there is an additional focus on developmental or normal variants and dysplasia. The chapter also draws attention to common errors in assessment and mimics, the relative merits of investigation, and, when not covered elsewhere, treatments of joint-specific problems. The chapter is thorough, although not exhaustive, and supplements general enquiry.
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P. O’Brien, Conor. "Leading Wrist Injuries in a Golfing Population. Golf Swing Biomechanics a Significant Cause of Pathology." In Recent Advances in Sport Science [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96979.

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Golf participation has increased significantly over the past 50 years. Injury rates have mirrored this increase with amateur and elite golfers suffering a similar injury incidence to rugby players. The upper limb is the second most common anatomical site of injury in this population. Wrist injury and specifically the ulnar side of the leading wrist is the most prevalent. Leading wrist injuries affect the tendons, fibrocartilage, bones and neural structures that are located on the ulnar side of the wrist and hand as well as the soft tissue aponeurosis and bony and ligamentous canals that traverse the wrist joint. The most commonly injured lateral wrist structure is the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris tendon. This is particularly liable to injury due to the forces placed on it during the golf swing. Other structures on the medial side of the leading wrist associated with golf related injury and pathology include Triangular Fibro-cartilage, the hamate bone, the bony canals through which the nerves travel, as well as the flexor aponeurosis and Flexor Carpi Ulnaris tendon. Risk injury to the medial aspect of the leading wrist is increased by the newer golfing theories and techniques which endeavour to create increase golf club head speeds by storing greater energy by a phenomenon called “lag”. Lag results in greater speed as the club head releases at impact but results in injury to the medial wrist anatomical structures. Swing biomechanics, and their alteration and augmentation are a major factor in medial wrist injury. Diagnosis of these pathologies requires careful history and examination, as well as the use of radiology and electrodiagnostic medicine to confirm the pathology and degree. Treatment is targeted to the specific disability. Classical treatments are mostly employed and usually involve rest and anti-inflammatory treatments. Newer therapies such as Platelet Rich Plasma injection and Deep Oscillation therapy have proven beneficial. Splinting is often employed on return to play. Early diagnosis and cessation of the offending activity often allays the need for surgery. The rhyme that “minutes to diagnosis means weeks to recovery” is particularly apt for medial wrist golf injuries. Surgery will be required in long standing or chronic cases. Return to play, unlike many sports injuries, will require careful golf biomechanical assessment and alteration in swing dynamics. The objective of this chapter is to identify how the new biomechanical manipulation of the wrist and specifically the leading wrist has resulted in increased injuries to this anatomical structure. The type of injury, diagnosis and treatment is discussed in detail. Club head speed is generated through a combination of improved golf club equipment, golf payer fitness and manipulation of the golf club by the left wrist resulting in increased golf club lag and torque which all contribute to wrist injuries.
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Vokacova, Zuzana, and Vladimir Antchak. "Sector focused Approach to Business Events in Manchester." In Event Portfolio Management. Goodfellow Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/978-1-911396-91-8-4183.

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This chapter explores the development and planning of a portfolio of business events in Manchester, UK. The portfolio approach combines a strong focus on the city’s key industry sectors with a ‘quality-orientated’ way of event strategy development and implementation. Rather than aiming at filling the event venues with a quantity of random business events, Manchester has successfully secured a number of large-scale conferences with a strong international profile that are aligned with the city’s key industry sectors such as Biomedicine, Healthcare, Sport, IT and Social Science. The city also aims at creating its own business events to fill the gaps in the calendar and prioritise specific areas, Digital or Advanced Materials, for example. The chapter also analyses the nature of the inter-organisational collaboration and joint decision-making in Manchester in relation to the business event sector development and destination promotion. The overall realisation of the business event strategy is guided by Marketing Manchester (MM), a local DMO, and Manchester Convention Bureau (MCB), responsible for event bidding and collaboration with the local, national and international partners and clients. This chapter draws on primary research in the form of document analysis and interviews conducted by the authors with several industry experts, responsible for business event strategy development and destination marketing in Manchester.
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Conference papers on the topic "Sport specific joint angles"

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Tse, Chi-Yin, Hamid Nayeb-Hashemi, Ashkan Vaziri, and Paul K. Canavan. "A Finite Element Analysis of a Subject Specific Single-Leg Drop Landing at Varied Heights." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63716.

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The pathomechanics of knee anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury related to the female athlete is of high interest due to the high incidence of injury compared to males participating in the same sport. The mechanisms of ACL injury are still not completely understood, but it is known that single-leg landings, stopping and cutting at high velocity are some of the non-contact mechanisms that are causing these injuries. This study analyzed a subject specific analysis of a single-leg drop landing that was performed by a female subject at 60%, 80% and 100% of her maximum vertical jump. The femur, tibia, articular cartilage, and menisci were modeled as 3-D structures and the data collected from the motion analysis was used to obtain the knee joint contact stresses in finite element analysis (FEA). The four major ligaments of the knee were modeled as non-linear springs. Material properties of previously published studies were used to define the soft tissue structures. The articular cartilage was defined as isotropic elastic and the menisci were defined as transverse isotropic elastic. Two different styles of single-leg landings were compared to one another, resembling landing from a basketball rebound. The first landing style, single-leg arms up (SLAU), produced larger knee flexion angles at peak ground reaction forces, while single-leg arms across (SLAX) landings produced higher peak vertical ground reaction forces along with lower knee flexion angles. The mean peak vertical ground reaction force was 2.9–3.5 bodyweight for SLAU landings, while they were 3.0–3.8 for SLAX landings. The time to peak vertical ground reaction force with SLAU landings were 69 ms (60%), 60 ms (80%), and 55 ms (100%); SLAX landings were 61 ms (60%), 61 ms (80%), and 51 ms (100%).
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Tan, CheeFai, Mohd Hazani Hj Shafie, Shamsul Anuar Shamsudin, and Md Radzai Said. "Application of Experimental and Finite Element Methods to Analyse the Effect of Inner Diaphragms of Automotive T-Frame." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85727.

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The framework of the automotive body structure is comprised of thin walled section members in the form of overlapping sheet metals fastened by spot-welds. In analysing the structure of the vehicle body, it is assumed that the intersecting angles at which the members are joined together varies according to the external forces. These frame joints are subject to dynamic and static loads. Experiments and finite element analysis can determine joint rigidity. The effective design of the vehicle T-joint can maximise passenger safety and reduce the vehicle weight. Thus, these were conducted to investigate the deflection of the vehicle T-frame. This paper discuss the behaviour of the T-frame under a specific loading. In addition, a series of T-frame with inner diaphragms (baffles) at various locations in the sill member were designed in order to investigate the effect of the inner diaphragms and non-continuous closed hat section in the sill member. The results from the experimental tests were compared with the results of the finite element analysis. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the inner diaphragm in the automotive T-frame.
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Gregory, Elisha, Samantha Sheets, and Brent Witten. "Comparison Elbow Joint Angles for Male and Female Bat Swings." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192555.

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Hitting has become one of the most studied aspects of the game of baseball. Many studies to date only focus on a specific group of players, like collegiate or major league players, but there have not been any studies comparing the male swing to the female swing. Additionally, most studies look at many different aspects of a swing at distinct times in the swing.
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Zheng, Yong. "The Study of Track and Field Athletes Ankle-joint Injury Reasons and Preventive Measures in Sport-specific Training." In International Conference on Electronics, Mechanics, Culture and Medicine. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emcm-15.2016.116.

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Matveev, Konstantin I., Miles P. Wheeler, and Tao Xing. "Simulations of an Air-Ventilated Strut Crossing Water Surface at Variable Yaw Angles." In ASME 2018 5th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2018-83092.

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Hydrodynamic devices intended to produce lift, control actions, or propulsion can be prone to air ventilation when operating near the free water surface. The atmospheric air may propagate to the low-pressure zones around these devices located under the nominal water level. This often leads to performance degradation of hydrodynamic systems. Modeling of air-ventilated flows is challenging due to complex flow nature and many factors in play. In this study, the computational fluid dynamics simulations are carried out for a surface-piercing strut at different yaw angles. At small yaw angles, the strut underwater surfaces remain wetted, whereas at large yaw and sufficiently high Froude numbers the suction side becomes air ventilated. At the intermediate yaw angles, both wetted and ventilated flow regimes are possible, and the existence of a specific state depends on the history of the process. The present computational results demonstrate good agreement with available experimental data.
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Nishioka, Yuki, Kentaro Doi, and Satoyuki Kawano. "Development of an Electron Scattering Model to Detect Differences in DNA Base Molecules." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-36031.

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In recent, novel technologies which apply bio-macromolecules to bio-nanodevices attract much attention. Particularly, DNAs have several desirable characteristics: complementary base pairs, self assembly, and electric conductivity. It is expected that high-speed DNA sequencers can be developed by using these specific characteristics of DNAs. In the present study, we develop a theoretical model to analyze the difference of DNA base molecules, in which electron scattering is simulated based on classical electrodynamics and scattering angles are evaluated. Consequently, it is found that scattering angles of the scattered electrons are clearly different from each other.
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Orsi, A., N. H. Yang, A. Vaziri, P. K. Canavan, and H. N. Hashemi. "Development of a Failure Locus for a 3-Dimensional Anterior Crutiate Ligament: A Finite Element Analysis." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62738.

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This study investigated movement combinations which may cause injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). A 3-Dimensional finite element knee joint model, including bones and ligament bundles, was developed. Bone was modeled as rigid, and a transversely isotropic material was applied to the ligament structures. This study incorporates a novel approach for developing bundle specific prestrain within the ligament structures. The bundles were stretched from their zero load lengths to their reference lengths, producing a strain field mimicking in vivo conditions at full knee extension. A failure locus was created by performing multiple knee joint motion combination simulations until ligament failure. The locus shows which movement combinations of internal/external femoral rotation and varus/valgus angle cause failure within the ACL bundles at 25° of knee flexion. The 3D model provided improved accuracy for locating bundle ruptures. By monitoring stresses and strains within the ligament bundles during knee joint orientation simulations, ruptures were virtually diagnosed. The relationship between knee joint orientation and ligament rupture provides a spectrum for the propensity of ACL injury. The results highlight femoral external rotation relative to the tibia as an important factor related to ACL injury. The results also show the posterolateral bundle to be more susceptible to rupture than the anteromedial bundle. These results have various clinical applications. In sports where ACL injuries are prevalent, training programs can be adapted to address the avoidance of harmful knee orientations. Monitoring bundle rupture locations also increases insight for practitioners in identifying more precise injury mechanisms.
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Di Liberti, Jean-Luc. "Effect of the Exit System on the Performance of a Low Specific Speed Industrial Centrifugal Compressor Stage." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38570.

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A low specific speed stage was tested with two different size volutes and a return vane system. The stage was instrumented with pressure probes at various locations, including the inlet and discharge flanges, diffuser inlet, diffuser exit, and return vane inlet. Cobra probes were positioned at the diffuser inlet and the return vane inlet for the return vane configuration to measure the flow angles. High frequency transducers were installed in the diffuser. This paper presents the test results showing the effect of two different volute sizes and of the return vane system on surge margin, rotating stall onset, and overall rotor and stage performance. Rotating stall criteria are reviewed, since this stage was previously tested with a different diffuser pinch. The performance is compared with some CFD analysis.
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Zhang, Luying, Gabriel Davila, and Mehrdad Zangeneh. "Multi-Objective Optimization of a High Specific Speed Centrifugal Volute Pump Using 3D Inverse Design Coupled With CFD Simulations." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-4676.

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Abstract This paper presents three different multi-objective optimization strategies for a high specific speed centrifugal volute pump design. The objectives of the optimization consist of maximizing the efficiency and minimizing the cavitation while maintaining the Euler head. The first two optimization strategies use a 3D inverse design method to parametrize the blade geometry. Both meridional shape and 3D blade geometry is changed during the optimization. In the first approach Design of Experiment method is used and the efficiency computed from CFD computations, while cavitation is evaluated by using minimum pressure on blade surface predicted by 3D inverse design method. The design matrix is then used to create a surrogate model where optimization is run to find the best tradeoff between cavitation and efficiency. This optimized geometry is manufactured and tested and is found to be 3.9% more efficient than the baseline with little cavitation at high flow. In the second approach the 3D inverse design method output is used to compute the efficiency and cavitation parameters and this leads to considerable reduction to the computational time. The resulting optimized geometry is found to be similar to the more computationally expensive solution based on 3D CFD results. In order to compare the inverse design based optimization to the conventional optimization an equivalent optimization is carried out by parametrizing the blade angle and meridional shape. Two different approaches are used for conventional optimization one in which the blade angle at TE is not constrained and one in which blade angles are constrained. In both cases larger variation in head is obtained when compared with the inverse design approach. This makes it impossible to create an accurate surrogate model. Furthermore, the efficiency levels in the conventional optimization is generally lower than the inverse design based optimization.
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Tani, Naoki, Noriyuki Shimiya, Yoshiki Yoshida, and Nobuhiro Yamanishi. "Multi Objective Shape Optimization of a Low Specific Speed Impeller for a Rocket Engine Turbopump." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30613.

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A rocket engine should be small and low weight, a turbopump for a rocket engine must be smaller and have higher rotation speed than the conventional pumps. However, to achieve high thrust, pump discharge pressure must be high enough. As a result, a low specific speed impeller is often chosen for a rocket engine impeller. Generally speaking, efficiency of such a low specific speed impeller is lower since blade loading becomes high and large scale secondary flow will likely occur especially around the trailing edge. Therefore, to clarify the high efficiency shape, multi objective optimization of low specific speed impeller was carried out in the present study. The optimized result showed that there is a strong tradeoff between head and efficiency, and this tendency is not influenced by the flow rate. This means that performance dependency by a flow rate may be small by such a low specific speed impeller. Shape comparison between efficiency and head optimum results showed that not only outlet blade angle but also inlet blade angle are important for high efficiency impeller. By modifying these two blade angles, blade loading distribution is changed and blockage by secondary flow region is changed. As a result, for the high head impeller, large scales blockage occurs at the trailing edge, however, for the efficiency optimum result, blockage near the trailing edge becomes smaller.
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