Academic literature on the topic 'Sport specific performance'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sport specific performance"
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Emese, Csulak, Nora Sydo, István Györe, et al. "SPORT-SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 75, no. 11 (2020): 1561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(20)32188-4.
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Arnold, Tiz A. "The Sport Psychologist’s Handbook: A Guide for Sport-Specific Performance Enhancement." Sport Psychologist 20, no. 4 (2006): 515–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.20.4.515.
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Donohue, Brad, Yulia Gavrilova, Marina Galante, et al. "Controlled Evaluation of an Optimization Approach to Mental Health and Sport Performance." Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology 12, no. 2 (2018): 234–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2017-0054.
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Athletes experience unique stressors that have been indicated to compromise their mental wellness and sport performance, yet they underutilize mental health services. Indeed, very few mental health interventions for athletes have been developed to fit sport culture, and well-controlled mental health outcome research in athlete populations is warranted. In this randomized controlled trial, a sport specific optimization approach to concurrent mental health and sport performance (The Optimum Performance Program in Sports; TOPPS) was examined. Seventy-four collegiate athletes (NCAA = 42; club = 11; intramural = 21) formally assessed for mental health diagnostic severity were randomly assigned to TOPPS or campus counseling/psychological services as usual (SAU) after baseline. Dependent measures assessed general mental health, mood, mental health factors affecting sport performance in training, competition and life outside of sports, days using substances, sexual risk behaviors, happiness in relationships, relationships affecting sport performance, and contributions of relationship to sport performance. Intent to treat repeated measures analyses indicated that participants in TOPPS consistently demonstrated better outcomes than SAU up to 8-months post-randomization and for mental health/substance use measures, particularly when diagnostic criteria were most severe. Recommendations are provided in light of the results to assist sport-specific mental health intervention development and implementation within athlete populations.
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Trecroci, Athos, Marco Duca, Luca Cavaggioni, et al. "Relationship between Cognitive Functions and Sport-Specific Physical Performance in Youth Volleyball Players." Brain Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020227.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between basic cognitive functions and sport-specific physical performance in young volleyball players. Forty-three female volleyball players (age 11.2 ± 0.8 years) were tested for cognitive performance by measuring simple reaction time (clinical reaction time), executive control (Flanker task), and perceptual speed (visual search task). Moreover, a set of tests was used to assess physical abilities as volleyball-specific skills (accuracy of setting, passing, and serving) and motor skills (change of direction, vertical jump, and balance). A cumulated value for both cognitive and sport-specific physical performance tests was computed by adding up each test’s domain outcomes. Pearson’s r correlation analysis showed a large positive correlation (r = 0.45, d-value = 1.01) of the cumulated score summarizing cognitive functions with the cumulated score summarizing sport-specific physical performance. Moreover, small-to-medium correlations (d-value from 0.63 to 0.73) were found between cognitive and motor skills. Given the cumulative scores, these results suggest that volleyball athletes with superior basic cognitive functions present better sport-specific physical performance. Our findings encourage to extend the knowledge of the associations between cognitive and motor skills within a sports performance context.
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Ishøi, Lasse, Kristian Thorborg, Otto Kraemer, and Per Hölmich. "The association between specific sports activities and sport performance following hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional cohort study including 184 athletes." Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery 6, no. 2 (2019): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhps/hnz017.
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Abstract The main purpose of this secondary analysis was to compare the proportion of athletes with moderate-to-extreme difficulties in eight specific sport activities in athletes with optimal versus impaired sport performance after a hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Subjects were identified in a nationwide registry and invited to answer a return to sport and performance questionnaire, and the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score Sport subscale investigating difficulties in eight specific sports activities (HAGOS sport items) as; none, mild, moderate, severe or extreme. Subjects were divided into two groups based on sport performance (optimal or impaired). The proportion of athletes with none-to-mild versus moderate-to-extreme difficulties in the eight specific sport activities was compared between groups. The association between difficulties in sport activities and sport performance were investigated using logistic regression analysis. One hundred and eighty-four athletes (31 athletes with optimal and 153 athletes with impaired sport performance) were included at a mean follow-up of 33.1 ± 16.3 months. Up to six athletes (<20%) with optimal sport performance had moderate-to-extreme difficulties in sport activities. Contrary, 43–108 athletes (28.1–70.6%) with impaired performance had moderate-to-extreme difficulties in sport activities. Furthermore, moderate-to-extreme difficulties in HAGOS sport items: ‘running as fast as you can’ and ‘kicking, skating etc.’ increased the odds (14.7 and 6.1 times, respectively) of having impaired sport performance. Many athletes with impaired sport performance reported moderate-to-extreme difficulties in sport activities, specifically moderate-to-extreme difficulties in ‘running as fast as you can’ and ‘kicking, skating etc.’ were associated with patients having impaired sport performance.
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Jiang, Ruichen, Fei Xie, and Anmin Li. "Motor expertise and performance in sport-specific priming tasks: a systematic review and meta-analysis." PeerJ 9 (April 13, 2021): e11243. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11243.
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Objective The present study aimed to summarize findings relevant to the influence of motor expertise on performance in sport-specific priming tasks and to examine potential moderators of this effect. Methodology Data were collected from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PsychInfo, Medline, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Baidu Scholar and Sport Discus and Dissertation Abstracts Online databases from January 1999 to April 2020, supplemented by manual bibliographies and meeting minutes. Stata software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Study quality was evaluated systematically using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were calculated with a random-effects model. The Cochrane Q test and I2 statistic were used to evaluate heterogeneity. Begg funnel plots and Egger tests were conducted to assess publication bias. Results Nine articles (including 12 studies) were ultimately included in the meta-analysis. Significant heterogeneity was observed among these studies (Q = 44.42, P < 0.001, I2 = 75.2%) according to random-effects modeling. The results showed an overall advantage in favor of motor experts in sport-specific priming tasks (SMD = −1.01, 95% CI [−1.41 to −0.61]). However, the magnitude of that effect was moderated by sport type (interceptive sports/independent sports) and prime stimulus type (subliminal stimulus/supraliminal stimulus). No publication bias was detected by the Begg and Egger tests. Conclusions In general, compared with those of nonexperts, the responses of motor experts’ responses to a target stimulus are easier and faster when the prime and target stimuli are consistent. However, the magnitude of this effect is moderated by sport type and prime stimulus type.
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Adams, William M., Yuri Hosokawa, and Douglas J. Casa. "Body-Cooling Paradigm in Sport: Maximizing Safety and Performance During Competition." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 25, no. 4 (2016): 382–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2015-0008.
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Context:Although body cooling has both performance and safety benefits, knowledge on optimizing cooling during specific sport competition is limited.Objectives:To identify when, during sport competition, it is optimal for body cooling and to identify optimal body-cooling modalities to enhance safety and maximize sport performance.Evidence Acquisition:A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify articles with specific context regarding body cooling, sport performance, and cooling modalities used during sport competition. A search of scientific peer-reviewed literature examining the effects of body cooling on exercise performance was done to examine the influence of body cooling on exercise performance. Subsequently, a literature search was done to identify effective cooling modalities that have been shown to improve exercise performance.Evidence Synthesis:The cooling modalities that are most effective in cooling the body during sport competition depend on the sport, timing of cooling, and feasibility based on the constraints of the sports rules and regulations. Factoring in the length of breaks (halftime substitutions, etc), the equipment worn during competition, and the cooling modalities that offer the greatest potential to cool must be considered in each individual sport.Conclusions:Scientific evidence supports using body cooling as a method of improving performance during sport competition. Developing a strategy to use cooling modalities that are scientifically evidence-based to improve performance while maximizing athlete’s safety warrants further investigation.
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Doherty, Alison, and Graham Cuskelly. "Organizational Capacity and Performance of Community Sport Clubs." Journal of Sport Management 34, no. 3 (2020): 240–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2019-0098.
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Using a multidimensional framework, the authors developed the Community Sport Capacity Scale to measure the key elements of capacity in community sport organizations or clubs and investigate their relative impact on three key indicators of club performance. Presidents or their representatives from 336 community sport organizations in 20 sports across the province of Ontario, Canada, completed the web-based survey measuring the extent of various elements of human resources, infrastructure, finance, planning, and external relationships capacity. The survey also measured club operations, programs, and community presence, identified as key performance outcomes. Controlling for club size, elements representing all five capacity dimensions were significantly associated with the outcomes. The findings highlight the rich information that may be generated from a multidimensional and context-specific perspective on organizational capacity, and indicate implications for building capacity in community sport organizations.
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Morano, Milena, Claudio Robazza, Montse C. Ruiz, Stefania Cataldi, Francesco Fischetti, and Laura Bortoli. "Gender-Typed Sport Practice, Physical Self-Perceptions, and Performance-Related Emotions in Adolescent Girls." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (2020): 8518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208518.
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Youth sport experience provides opportunities for physical, personal, and social development in youngsters. Sport is a social system in which socially constructed gender differences and stereotypes are incorporated, and specific sport activities are often perceived as gender characterized. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between some salient physical and emotional self-perceptions and the type of sport practiced. A sample of 261 female athletes, aged 14–21 years (Mage = 15.59, SD = 2.00), practicing different sports, categorized as feminine (e.g., artistic and rhythmic gymnastics), masculine (e.g., soccer and rugby), or neutral (e.g., track and field and tennis), took part in a cross-sectional study. Significant differences were observed between aesthetic sports and other types of sports. Athletes involved in aesthetic sports reported the lowest values in their feelings of confidence and the highest values in feelings of worry related to competition. This may be attributed to the evaluation system of aesthetic sports, in which the athlete’s performance is evaluated by a jury. At the same time, they reported low values of dysfunctional psychobiosocial states associated with their general sport experience, likely because of their physical appearance close to the current body social standards for girls. Notwithstanding the differences by type of sport, athletes of all disciplines reported high mean values of functional psychobiosocial states, suggesting that their overall sporting experience was good.
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Summers, Jeffery J., Kerryn Miller, and Stephen Ford. "Attentional Style and Basketball Performance." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 13, no. 3 (1991): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.13.3.239.
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The Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style (TAIS) has been used to examine the attention-performance relationship in sport with mixed results. However, sport-specific versions of the TAIS attentional subscales appear to provide improved measurement of attentional processes in sport. The present study farther evaluated the utility of a sport-specific TAIS. A secondary aim was to examine the relationship between attentional style and competitive trait anxiety. The TAIS and a basketball-specific form (BB-TAIS) were administered to 110 basketball players classified into three skill-level groups. Both instruments were psychometrically similar. The bandwidth dimension was supported, although it appeared to be multidimensional. The validity of the direction dimension, however, remains inconclusive. Neither instrument was able to reliably discriminate between basketball players of different skill levels. Predicted relationships, however, were obtained between the BB-TAIS subscales and measures of competitive trait anxiety. The use of the TAIS as a research instrument for examining attentional styles in sport is questioned.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sport specific performance"
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Olausson, David, and Jansson Jasper Vallmark. "Emotion, concentration and performance in a Swedish female handball team : Development and implementation of the team specific instrument." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-24880.
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The present study is a mixed method longitudinal design, containing three objectives. Object one was to develop a team-specific survey instrumentin order to measure emotion, concentration and performance during a game. Object two was to examine the dynamics of emotion, concentration and performance in successful and less successful games. Object three was to study the relationship between emotion, concentration and performance in successful and less successful games. The participants (n= 15, age= 22.8) in the study consisted of 15 women, all players in the same elite handball team.Qualitative data was obtained by two workshops in order to construct the instrument. Quantitative data was collected after games, using the team specific instrument. The study includes data over a six game period containing four successful games and two less successful games. Results showed a significant difference between successful and less successful games regarding all three variables measured. Both positive and negative relationships were found. The results also showed different relationships regarding successful and less successful games. Several practical team-specific applications were suggested, such as working with emotional regulation to enhance performance. Investigating if athletes are more prone to be influenced emotionally by their performance when performing poorlyis one of several suggestions proposed for future directions.
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Madruga, Parera Marc. "Inter-limb asymmetries and sports performance: from assessment to the application of a sport-specific iso-inertial resistance training in young athletes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671226.
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The asymmetries detected in the different multi-directional sports vary in magnitude depending on the test selected. Furthermore, in the individual analysis of the different tests administered, it was observed that athlete’s lower limb preferences depended on the test. Greater asymmetries were detected in the vertical jump test, the CODD variable, and the change of direction with inertial resistance test in multidirectional sports. The change of direction with inertial resistance test also enabled us to detect asymmetries in actions that approximate the actual sport. Moreover, the results showed that asymmetries have a negative impact on performance of the jump and the change of direction, and on speed in the linear sprint and the capacity to repeat the change of direction.
Last, we were able to observe that iso-inertial training results in greater adaptations in performance and larger reductions in asymmetries than conventional cable-resistance training. We can also affirm that positive adaptations in performance caused by resistance training are not necessarily associated with reduced asymmetries<br>Com a síntesis d’aquest procés d’investigació, les asimetries detectades en els diferents esports multidireccionals mostren variabilitat en les magnituds segons la prova seleccionada. A més, en l’anàlisis individuals les proves realitzades, s’ha pogut observar que els esportistes mostren preferències en l’habilitat de la cama en funció de la prova. El test de salt vertical, la variable del COD i canvi de direcció amb resistència iso-inercial mostra majors magnituds en la detecció d’asimetries en esports multidireccionals. El canvi de direcció amb resistència iso-inercial permet, detectar les asimetries en accions pròximes a l’esport. Per un altre costat, els nostres resultats també mostren que les asimetries influeixen negativament en el rendiment de salt, canvi de direcció, capacitat de repetir canvis de direcció i velocitat en esprint lineal. Per a finalitzar, hem pogut observar que l’entrenament iso-inercial provoca majors adaptacions en el rendiment i majors reduccions d’asimetries que l’entrenament de força convencional de cable gravitacional
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Myers, Breanna. "Effects of Ingesting Fat Free and Low Fat Chocolate Milk After Resistance Training on Exercise Performance." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3620.
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Collegiate athletes are always looking for ways to improve their performance. Resistance training has been incorporated into most collegiate athletic programs for this very reason. In order to improve strength, lean body mass, and exercise performance, resistance exercise and timely protein ingestion must be followed. Incorporating protein ingestion into a resistance training routine has been shown to improve net protein balance. Milk protein is gaining popularity as an ergogenic aid. There has been growing interest in the potential use of bovine milk (cow’s milk) as an exercise beverage, especially during recovery from resistance training and endurance sports. No studies have been conducted comparing fat free chocolate milk and low fat chocolate milk on muscular strength and body composition in collegiate softball players.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether fat free chocolate milk and low fat chocolate milk ingested after resistance exercise improves common performance assessments of collegiate softball players. Specifically, the performance assessments were the vertical jump test, 20-yard sprint, and the agility t-test. The participants were randomized according to strength and bodyweight, in a double blind experimental design. The 18 female, collegiate softball players (18.5 ± .7 yrs; 65.7 ± 1.8
inches; 156.2 ± 21.6 kg) ingested either fat free chocolate milk or low fat chocolate milk immediately after resistance exercise workouts for an 8-week period. Dependent variables included vertical jump test, 20-yard sprint test and agility t-test. The data was analyzed via a paired samples t-test (to detect difference across both groups over the eight week training period) and an independent samples t-test (to detect differences between the groups) using SPSS for Windows 15.0. No statistically significant differences were found in the vertical jump, 20 yard sprint, or agility t-test between the fat free chocolate milk group and the low fat chocolate milk group.
The major, statistical, finding of this study is that the consumption of commercially available fat free chocolate milk versus low fat chocolate milk drink does not produce improvements in exercise performance in conjunction with an eight week periodized, resistance training program in collegiate softball players. The difference of 10 grams of fat (two servings per container) did not alter any of the performance variables (20 yard sprint, vertical jump or agility t-test).
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Kruger, Ankebé. "Sport specific talent identification determinants and development of sprinting and long jumping ability among 10-15 year old children from underprivileged communities / Ankebé Kruger." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1318.
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Dykema, Ellie. "Performance development of adolescent athletes : a Mindfulness - Acceptance - Commitment (MAC) approach." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43328.
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This study explored the subjective interpretations of five adolescent athletes who
experienced a sport-specific version of the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment
(MAC) approach. The MAC approach is an alternative sport psychology intervention
to more traditional control-driven approaches, such as Psychological Skills Training
(PST). An in-depth qualitative study was conducted at the High Performance Centre
(hpc) of the University of Pretoria (UP). The sport-specific MAC programme was
developed for the sport of athletics. The programme was facilitated to five
adolescent athletes who participate in the sport of athletics. Semi-structured
interviews were conducted after the participants experienced the programme. The
interviews were based on written reflections provided by participants during the
programme. The research position for this study was phenomenology, and
specifically Interpretive Phenomenology (IP). Interpretive Phenomenological
Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the material. The results revealed that there was
only one theme that was common to all five participants. Furthermore, the results
portrayed diversity amongst the participant experiences and subjectivity in their
interpretations of the MAC approach. The results displayed how some themes are
consistent with MAC-related literature, and how other themes contradict the
literature. Additionally, some themes have not been reported in MAC literature
before. Thus, the study contributed to the expansion of literature on the MAC
approach.<br>Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.<br>lk2014<br>Psychology<br>MA<br>Unrestricted
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Fuentes, Raul, and Joar Svensson. "An examination of the role of sport-trait anxiety and rumination in the relationship between mindfulness and performance." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-41713.
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Syftet med den föreliggande studien var att undersöka rollen av prestationsångest och ältande mellan dispositionell mindfulness och självskattad prestation. Det var totalt 53 idrottare (22 kvinnor, 31 män; Målder = 29.32, SD = 12.28 år) från 18 olika idrotter som deltog i studien. Studien var av kvantitativ longitudinell design (tre tillfällen under en fyra veckors period) där den oberoende variabeln, den beroende variabeln och två möjliga mediatorer undersöktes med hjälp av Athletic Mindfulness Questionnaire, Sport Performance Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale-2, och Rumination Reflection Questionnaire. Resultaten visade ingen signifikant indirekt effekt av dispositionell mindfulness på självskattad prestation genom varken ältande eller prestationsångest. Resultaten indikerar att ältande och prestationsångest inte medierar förhållandet mellan dispositionell mindfulness och självskattad prestation i det undersökta urvalet. Det diskuteras att mindfulness ändrar förhållandet idrottaren har med ångesten istället för att sänka den upplevda nivån av ångest. Forskning om ältande som en mediator mellan mindfulness och prestation diskuteras som sällsynt, vilket kan göra kunskapen om förhållandet otillräckligt för att göra några bestämda uttalanden. Resultaten bör tolkas med försiktighet med tanke på att undersökningen gjordes på en heterogen grupp av idrottare med en subjektiv mått av prestation. Vidare forskning bör fokusera på en bestämd grupp och använda mer objektiva mått på prestation, samt använda ett idrottsspecifik instrument för att mäta ältande. Nyckelord: prestationsångest, dispositionell mindfulness, idrottsprestation, idrottare<br>The purpose of this study was to examine the role of sport-trait anxiety and rumination in the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and self-assessed performance. A total of 53 athletes (22 women, 31 men; Mage = 29.32, SD = 12.28 years) from 18 different sports participated. A quantitative longitudinal design (three-time measures within a four-week period) was conducted wherein the independent and dependent variables, as well as the two potential mediators were measured using Athletic Mindfulness Questionnaire, Sport Performance Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale-2, and Rumination Reflection Questionnaire. The results showed no significant indirect effect of dispositional mindfulness on self-assessed performance through neither sporttrait anxiety nor rumination. These findings indicate that sport-trait anxiety and rumination do not mediate the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and self-assessed performance in the examined sample. Mindfulness is discussed as altering the athlete’s relationship with anxiety rather than lowering the perceived levels of anxiety. Since research on rumination as a mediator between mindfulness and performance is very scarce, the knowledge about the relationship might be insufficient to make any decisive statements. Findings are to be taken with caution given the heterogeneous sample of athletes considered and the use of a subjective measure of performance. Further research should focus on a more targeted group and use a more objective performance measure, as well as a sport-specific rumination scale. Keywords: sport-specific anxiety, dispositional mindfulness, athletic performance, athlete
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Derakhti, Mikael. "Very Heavy Resisted Sprint Training for Adolescent Football Players : A training intervention on acceleration, sprint and jump performance in late pubertal adolescent athletes." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-5323.
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Abstract Aim The main purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of a very heavy resisted sprint training regimen and a unresisted sprint training regimen on sprint, acceleration and jump performance in late pubertal adolescent football (soccer) players at mid- to post-PHV and >95% PAH. Method In total 27 male football players were recruited as volunteer participants. The participants had no previous experience with resisted sprint training. The participants were randomly assigned to either the resisted sprint (RST) (n=9) or unresisted sprint (UST) (n=10) training group. However, the grouping was matched based on the force-velocity (F-v) profiling. A control group (i.e. TAU group n=8) was matched with the experimental groups based on age and anthropometrics. The training was done twice a week for four weeks, consisting of either resisted or unresisted sprints. 24 of the original 27 participants could later be included for statistical analysis. During intervention the TAU group performed the regular team training with no additional stimuli from the researchers. Anthropometrics, sprint, acceleration and jump performance testing was tested pre- and post-training intervention. Results The four-week training intervention resulted in significant improvements of sprint- and acceleration for the RST-group. The improvements were 3,8% (±0.05) in T30, 4,2% (±0.06) in T20, 5,7% (±0.06) in T10, and 7,9% (±0.06) in the T5. The RST and UST groups also had significant improvements in both vertical and horizontal jump performance. Further there were several significant between group changes in both sprint and jump performance favoring the RST group over both the UST and TAU groups. Conclusion The conclusions are that in this population a very heavy RST regimen elicits improvements in sprint and acceleration performance whilst a UST regimen does not. Further, both the RST- and UST- training regimens elicit improvements in both vertical and horizontal jump performance. The improvements of the present study follow the pattern of previous studies in the field indicating a greater horizontal force generating ability. However, the improvements in the present study are larger than previously seen, indicating that this type of training might be extra beneficial to enhance sprint and jump performance in late pubertal adolescent athletes. The findings of the present study also contradict the typical recommendations of using light resistance loads (i.e. the 10% rule) when it comes to RST. Heavier loads, as in this case 103,5% of body weight on average, can indeed be used to produce sprint and acceleration gains in a late pubertal adolescent athlete population. The improvement in these short sprints (5-30m) versus the eventual performance decrease in longer sprints 40-70m (e.g. due to less effective maximal velocity phase) is a trade off which logically should be worthwhile for team sport athletes.<br>Abstrakt Syfte Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna studie var att undersöka och jämföra effekterna av väldigt tungt belastad sprintträning och obelastad sprintträning på sprint-, acceleration och hopprestation hos unga fotbollsspelare i sena tonåren som ligger på en mognadsgrad av ”mid- post-PHV” samt >95% PAH. Metod Totalt 27 fotbollsspelare rekryterades som frivilliga deltagare. Deltagarna hade ingen tidigare erfarenhet av belastad sprintträning. Deltagarna blev slumpmässigt indelade till antingen den belastade (RST) eller den obelastade (UST) träningsgruppen. Dock skedde grupperingen med deltagarnas kraft- hastighetsprofilering som bas, då grupperna blev matchade efter denna. Kontrollgruppen (TAU n=8) matchades med experimentgrupperna efter ålder och antropometri. Träningen bestod av väldigt tungt belastad eller obelastad sprintträning och utfördes två gånger i veckan under fyra veckor. 24 av de initialt 27 deltagarna kunde inkluderas för vidare analys. Under interventionen genomförde TAU den vanliga lagträningen utan ytterligare träningsstimuli från forskarna. Antropometri, sprint, acceleration och hopprestation testades före respektive efter interventionen. Resultat Den fyra veckor långa träningsinterventionen resulterade i signifikanta förbättringar i sprint och acceleration för RST-gruppen. Förbättringarna var 3,8% (±0.05) i T30, 4,2% (±0.06) i T20, 5,7% (±0.06) i T10, och 7,9% (±0.06) i T5. RST och UST grupperna hade också signifikanta förbättringar i både vertikal och horisontell hopprestation. Vidare fanns det flera signifikanta mellangruppsskillnader i både sprint- och hopprestation till fördel för RST gruppen över både UST och TAU grupperna. Konklusion Konklusionen är att ett väldigt tungt RST-träningsprogram framkallar signifikanta förbättringar i både sprint, acceleration och hopprestation medan ett UST-träningsprogram inte gör det. Vidare kan konkluderas att både ett RST- och ett UST-träningsprogram signifikant förbättrar både vertikal och horisontell hopprestationen. Förbättringarna följer mönstret från tidigare studier på området och indikerar en större horisontell kraftproduktion. Dock är förbättringarna större än vad som tidigare observerats vilket indikerar att denna typ av träning kan vara extra förtjänstfull för denna population. Resultaten motsäger även den typiska rekommendationen kring lätta vikter (dvs. 10% regeln) vid belastad sprintträning. Tyngre belastning, som i detta fall i genomsnitt 103,5% av kroppsvikten, kan användas för att producera sprint- och accelerationsförbättringar i denna population. Förbättringen av denna typ av korta sprinter (5-30m) gentemot den eventuella prestationsförsämringen i längre sprinter (40-70m) torde vara ett byte som är värt att göra för lagidrottare.
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Wong, W. C., and 黃偉祖. "Development of a Chinese version of the movement specific reinvestmentscale." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257471.
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Malhotra, Neha Deepak. "Exploring the role of movement specific reinvestment during practice and performance of tasks of varying complexity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208559.
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Six experiments were conducted in order to examine the role of movement specific reinvestment in performance of a range of tasks of varying complexity under different performance contexts. The first experiment investigated the role of movement specific reinvestment in performance of a fundamental laparoscopic skill under time pressure. It was found that individuals with a lower propensity for movement specific reinvestment were able to meet task demands by performing faster under time pressure than individuals with a higher propensity for movement specific reinvestment. Although movement specific reinvestment is often treated as a uni-dimensional construct, it is comprised of two dimensions of conscious processing; movement self-consciousness and conscious motor processing. These dimensions appear to exert a differential influence on performance in different contexts. The second experiment therefore investigated the differential influence of the two dimensions of movement specific reinvestment on performance of a fundamental laparoscopic skill early and later in practice and on performance of a more complex, cross-handed laparoscopy task. Movement self-consciousness was found to play a more dominant role early and later in practice of a relatively simple, fundamental, laparoscopic skill than conscious motor processing, which played a more dominant role in performance of a more complex, cross-handed laparoscopic skill. The third and fourth experiments examined the differential influence of the two dimensions of movement specific reinvestment on a complex golf-putting skill early and later in practice (Experiment 3) and under low- and high-anxiety conditions (Experiment 4). Experiments 3 and 4 also examined the kinematic mechanisms underlying the influence of the two dimensions on putting performance. Findings from Experiment 3 revealed that movement self-consciousness and conscious motor processing positively influenced putting performance early in practice, when learners were consciously engaged in the control of movements. However, later in practice movement self-consciousness alone positively influenced putting performance. Analysis of kinematic measures suggested that reduced variability of both impact velocity and putter face angle at impact mediated the positive influence of both movement self-consciousness and conscious motor processing on putting performance. Findings from Experiment 4 revealed that movement self-consciousness positively influenced performance in the low-anxiety condition (and appeared to reduce variability of impact velocity), but not in the high-anxiety condition. It was argued that the attention demanding nature of anxiety (Eysenck & Calvo, 1992) potentially subdued the influence of movement self-consciousness under high-anxiety conditions. The fifth experiment confirmed this proposition as the positive influence of movement self-consciousness on quiet standing performance was no longer evident when an attention demanding dual-task was performed concurrently with a primary quiet standing task. The final experiment examined the unique influence of the two dimensions on laparoscopic performance during practice and under anxiety in a real-world anxiety provoking situation, the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) (Muldoon, Biesty, & Smith, 2014; Nasir et al., in press). The findings of the six experiments are discussed within the framework of the Theory of Reinvestment (e.g., Masters, 1992; Masters & Maxwell, 2008).<br>published_or_final_version<br>Human Performance<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy
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Lundberg, Yuko. "Detection Methods of IGF-I in the context of Performance-Enhancing Drug Abuse in Sports : The versatility of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method and biomarkers." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Farmakologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-151691.
Full textBooks on the topic "Sport specific performance"
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Strength and conditioning for team sports: Sport-specific physical preparation for high performance. Routledge, 2010.
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Strength and conditioning for team sports: Sport-specific physical preparation for high performance. 2nd ed. Routledge, 2012.
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Zazelenchuk, Kristin. Investigating the effect of a sport specific odour on cross country runners' performance. Laurentian University, 2006.
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Michael, McCoy, ed. The complete guide to food for sports performance : a guide to peak nutrition for your sport. Allen & Unwin, 1992.
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Rose, Debra J. A multilevel approach to the study of motor control and learning. Allyn and Bacon, 1997.
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W, Christina Robert, ed. A multilevel approach to the study of motor control and learning. 2nd ed. Pearson/Benjamin Cummings, 2006.
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A multilevel approach to the study of motor control and learning. Allyn and Bacon, 1997.
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Kargin, Nikolay, and Yuliya Laamarti. Theoretical foundations human health and its formation by means of physical culture and sports. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1070927.
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The textbook examines the basic concepts, theoretical and methodological approaches to the assessment of the status, functioning and human development and its individual organs and subsystems in the structure of life, the basic principles of course of organismal and behavioral processes that support human adaptation to the external environment and the effectiveness of the behavior in terms of specific activities.
 Discusses the meaning of "health" in its broadest sense: physical, social, spiritual — and the ways, methods and tests examination of functional state of human organism and various systems and organs. Given the characteristics of statistically valid norms of health and its individual components, the effect of various tools, techniques, methods and technologies of developing and improving orientation on the formation mechanism of adaptation to conditions of activity and environment.
 Offers tested in practice and selected according to the degree of effectiveness of the tools, techniques and technologies of correction of the functional systems of the organism, providing high performance, health and performance of behavioral reactions and the subject in General.
 Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
 Intended for graduate students and faculty whose interests are related to the problems of human adaptation to the environment and professional activity.
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Dosil, Joaquin. Sport Psychologist's Handbook: A Guide for Sport-Specific Performance Enhancement. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2010.
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Dosil, Joaquin. The Sport Psychologist's Handbook: A Guide for Sport-Specific Performance Enhancement. Wiley, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sport specific performance"
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Portenga, Steven T. "Reflections on talent development in sport." In Psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into domain-specific talent. American Psychological Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000120-005.
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Knoll, Klaus, and Klaus Wagner. "Requirements and Solution Concepts for the Development of Sport-Specific Measuring Units in High Performance Sports." In The Engineering of Sport 6. Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-45951-6_53.
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Mathias, Dietger. "High-performance sports and non-specific immunity." In Staying Healthy From 1 to 100. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49195-9_63.
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Bishop, Patrick J., Marshall Kendall, Andrew Post, and Blaine Hoshizaki. "Performance Criteria for a Child-Specific Helmet." In Mechanism of Concussion in Sports. ASTM International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp155220120145.
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Fransen, Job, and Arne Güllich. "Talent identification and development in game sports." In Psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into domain-specific talent. American Psychological Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000120-004.
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Atan, Siti Azilah, and Mohar Kassim. "Development of a Soccer-Specific Running Protocol for Young Soccer Players." In Enhancing Health and Sports Performance by Design. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3270-2_11.
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DIMOND, D. "Rehabilitation through Performance Training: Cases in Sport." In Sports-Specific Rehabilitation. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-044306642-9.50022-8.
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"The effects of rider specific Pilates on rider position from a lateral view: A six week study." In Performance Analysis of Sport IX. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203080443-48.
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"Performance analysis: the development of position-specific performance indicators in professional rugby union." In The Research Process in Sport, Exercise and Health. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203126394-18.
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Wilson, Marvin C. "Chapter 2: Comparative Anti-doping Policies of Sport-Specific United States Professional Sports Organizations." In Sports Pharmacy: Performance Enhancing Drugs and the Athlete. American Pharmacists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21019/9781582123226.ch2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Sport specific performance"
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Lukač, Luka. "Extraction and Analysis of Sport Activity Data Inside Certain Area." In 7th Student Computer Science Research Conference. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-516-0.11.
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Nowadays, sport data analysis is one of the cru-cial factors, used to enhance the athletes’ per-formance, which can depend upon many di˙er-ent circumstances. One of those is the area of an exercise, which can dramatically impact on an athlete’s performance. Since not enough devotion has been given to this topic, this study focuses on extracting and analysing parts of exercises, which take place inside of a specific area, using principles from another part of Computer Science, Compu-tational Geometry.
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Zderčík, Antonín, Jiří Nykodým, Jana Talašová, Pavel Holeček, and Michal Bozděch. "The application of fuzzy logic in the diagnostics of performance preconditions in tennis." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-5.
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Sports performance is influenced by a many of factors that can be characterised as its rela-tively independent – although synergetic – components. The most frequently mentioned are the fitness, somatic, tactical, mental and technical factors of sports performance. The subject of interest in sport is the process of monitoring and evaluating the level of these individual factors, i.e. the diagnostics of sports performance. When diagnosing the level of performance prerequi-site for tennis, it is recommended to use those diagnostic methods that focus on tennis-specific performance prerequisites. Analyses of modern tennis show speed (reaction, action), strength (explosive), strength endurance and specific coordination abilities to be the most important motor prerequisites. Diagnostics of the motor prerequisites of an athlete are often performed in practice employing motor tests and test batteries. Methods of evaluating the results obtained are generally based on the probability approach, though an alternative is provided by a method based on the theory of fuzzy logic. The aim of the research was to use the theory of fuzzy logic in evaluating the level of performance prerequisites and compare evaluation results by using of a classical discrete approach and a fuzzy approach. The two approaches are evaluated and compared using the results of testing of a group of 15–16-year old tennis players (n = 203, age M ± SD = 15.97 ± 0.57 years, height M ± SD = 181.9 ± 6.8 cm, weight M ± SD = 71.6 ± 8.6 kg) who took part in regular testing conducted by the Czech Tennis Association in the years 2000–2018 using the TENDIAG1 test battery. STATISTICA12 software was used for the anal-ysis of data using a probability approach. FuzzME software was used for analysis using of a fuzzy approach. The testing of research data (the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) demonstrated the normal distribution of the frequency of the results of individual tests in the test battery. The level of agreement of the results (the Pearson correlation coeficient) obtained by the two approach-es (the discrete and the fuzzy approaches) was high both from the effect size (ES, large) and statistical significance points of view (r = 0.89, p = 0.05). The evaluation of the effect size (ES) of the differences between the mean values of the results obtained by the two approaches us-ing the Cohen’s d did not demonstrate any substantively significant difference (d = 0.16). For a more detailed analysis, two subsets were selected from the original group of tennis players. They consisted of players with an overall evaluation (probability approach) of 4–5 points and 8–9 points, respectively. The level of agreement between the results in the subgroup with the evaluation 4–5 points was low from both the effect size (ES, small) and statistical significance points of view (r = 0.15, p = 0.05), while the agreement in the subgroup with the evaluation of 8–9 points was at a medium level in terms of the effect size (ES, medium) and statistically insignificant (r = 0.47, p = 0.05). The effect size (ES) assessment of the differences between mean values of the results obtained by the two approaches did not demonstrate any effect (d = 0.12) in the group with the overall score of 4–5 points, and a large effect (d = 0.89, large) in the group with an overall score of 8–9 points. Despite the similarity of the results obtained by the probability and fuzzy methods, it was shown that the fuzzy approach enables a finer dif-ferentiation of the level of fitness prerequisites in players on the evaluation boundaries. Since that the results for individual items in the TENDIAG1 test battery indicate the level of individual performance prerequisites, the use of different weighting criteria may be considered for future evaluation using the fuzzy approach. For this approach, the use of the point method, a paired comparison method or the Saaty method can be considered for the identification and calcula-tion of individual subtests weighting.
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de Carvalho Pinheiro, Henrique, Francesco Russo, Lorenzo Sisca, et al. "Advanced Vehicle Dynamics Through Active Aerodynamics and Active Body Control." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22290.
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Abstract In this paper, the development procedure of an innovative control algorithm is shown, with the aim of improving handling performance of a high-end sport vehicle by actively controlling aerodynamic forces acting on the vehicle itself. The proposed control algorithm operates indirectly by modifying ride-heights of the vehicle through an active suspensions system. The vehicle dynamics analysis is conducted in parallel to the aerodynamics analysis performed in a concurrent engineering operation. The software used for control algorithms development is VI-CarRealTime, in co-simulation with Matlab-Simulink, with an extended use of the MaxPerformance package. Specific tracks have been implemented ad hoc to highlight the effects of the control systems operation in development phase. To better explore the potential of the technique, a fuzzy logic system was developed.
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Muñoz, David. "New strategies in proprioception’s analysis for newer theories about sensorimotor control." In Systems & Design 2017. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/sd2017.2017.6903.
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Abstract Human’s motion and its mechanisms had become interesting in the last years, where the medecine’s field search for rehabilitation methods for handicapped persons. Other fields, like sport sciences, professional or military world, search to distinguish profiles and ways to train them with specific purposes. Besides, recent findings in neuroscience try to describe these mechanisms from an organic point of view. Until now, different researchs had given a model about control motor that describes how the union between the senses’s information allows adaptable movements. One of this sense is the proprioception, the sense which has a quite big factor in the orientation and position of the body, its members and joints. For this reason, research for new strategies to explore proprioception and improve the theories of human motion could be done by three different vias. At first, the sense is analysed in a case-study where three groups of persons are compared in a controlled enviroment with three experimental tasks. The subjects belong to each group by the kind of sport they do: sedentary, normal sportsmen (e.g. athletics, swimming) and martial sportmen (e.g. karate, judo). They are compared thinking about the following hypothesis: “Martial Sportmen have a better proprioception than of the other groups’s subjects: It could be due to the type of exercises they do in their sports as empirically, a contact sportsman shows significantly superior motor skills to the members of the other two groups. The second via are records from encephalogram (EEG) while the experimental tasks are doing. These records are analised a posteriori with a set of processing algorithms to extract characteristics about brain’s activity of the proprioception and motion control. Finally , the study tries to integrate graphic tools to make easy to understand final scientific results which allow us to explore the brain activity of the subjects through easy interfaces (e.g. space-time events, activity intensity, connectivity, specific neural netwoks or anormal activity). In the future, this application could be a complement to assist doctors, researchers, sports center specialists and anyone who must improve the health and movements of handicapped persons. Keywords: proprioception, EEG, assesment, rehabilitation.References: Röijezon, U., Clark, N.C., Treleaven, J. (2015). Proprioception in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Part 1: Basic science and principles of assessment and clinical interventions. ManualTher.10.1016/j.math.2015.01.008. Röijezon, U., Clark, N.C., Treleaven, J. (2015). Proprioception in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Part 2: Clinical assessment and intervention. Manual Ther.10.1016/j.math.2015.01.009. Roren, A., Mayoux-Benhamou, M.A., Fayad, F., Poiraudeau, S., Lantz, D., Revel, M. (2008). Comparison of visual and ultrasound based techniques to measure head repositioning in healthy and neck-pain subjects. Manual Ther. 10.1016/j.math.2008.03.002. Hillier, S., Immink, M., Thewlis, D. (2015). Assessing Proprioception: A Systematic Review of Possibilities. Neurorehab. Neural Repair. 29(10) 933–949. Hooper, T.L., James, C.R., Brismée, J.M., Rogers, T.J., Gilbert, K.K., Browne, K.L, Sizer, P.S. (2016). Dynamic Balance as Measured by the Y-Balance Test Is Reduced in Individuals with low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study. Phys. Ther. Sport,10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.04.006. Zemková, G., Stefániková, G., Muyor, J.M. (2016). Load release balance test under unstable conditions effectivelydiscriminates between physically active and sedentary young adults. Glave, A.P., Didier, J.J., Weatherwax, J., Browning, S.J., Fiaud, Vanessa. (2014). Testing Postural Stability: Are the Star Excursion Balance Test and Biodex Balance System Limits of Stability Tests Consistent? Gait Posture. 43(2016) 225-227. Han, Jian., Waddington, G., Adams, R., Anson, J., Liu, Y. (2014). Assessing proprioception: A critical review of methods. J. Sport Health Sci.10.1016/j.jshs.2014.10.004. Hosp, S., Bottoni, G., Heinrich, D., Kofler, P., Hasler, M., Nachbauer, W. (2014). A pilot study of the effect of Kinesiology tape on knee proprioception after physical activity in healthy women. J. Sci. Med. Sport. 18 (2015) 709-713. Mima, T., Terada, K., Ikeda, A., Fukuyama, H., Takigawa, T., Kimura, J., Shibasaki, H. (1996). Afferent mechanism of cortical myoclonus studied by proprioception-related SEPs. Clin. Neurophysiol. 104 (1997) 51-59. Myers, J.B., Lephart, S.M. (2000). The Role of the Sensorimotor System in the Athletic Shoulder. J. Athl.Training.35 (3) 351-363. Rossi, S., della Volpe, R., Ginannesch, F., Ulivelli, M., Bartalini, S., Spidalieri, R., Rossi, A. (2003). Early somatosensory processing during tonic muscle pain in humans: relation to loss of proprioception and motor 'defensive' strategies. Clin. Neurophysiol. 10.1016/S1388-2457(03)00073-7. Chaudhary, U., Birbaumer, N., Curado, M.R. (2014). Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) in paralysis. Ann. Phys. Rehabil. Med.10.1016/j.rehab.2014.11.002. Delorme, A., Makeig, S. (2003). EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis. J. Neurosci. Meth.10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009. Morup, M., Hansen, L.K., Arnfred, S.M. (2006). ERPWAVELAB: A toolbox for multi-channel analysis of time-frequency transformed event related potentials. J. Neurosci. Meth.10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.11.008. Kaminski, M., Blinowska, K., Szelenberger, W. (1996). Topographic analysis of coherence and propagation of EEG activity during sleep and wakefulness. Clin. 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Koessler, L., Maillard, L., Benhadid, A., Vignal, J.P., Felblinger, J., Vespignani, H., Braun, M. (2009). Automated cortical projection of EEG: Anatomical correlation via the international 10-10 system. Neuroimage. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.02.006. Jurcak, V., Tsuzuki, Daisuke., Dan, I. (2007). 10/20, 10/10, and 10/5 systems revisited: Their validity as relativehead-surface-based positioning systems. Neuroimage. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.024. Chuang, L.Y., Huang, C.J., Hung, T.M. (2013). The differences in frontal midline theta power between successful and unsuccessful basketball free throws of elite basketball players. Int. J. Psychophysiology.10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.10.002. Wang, C.H., Tsai, C.L., Tu, K.C., Muggleton, N.G., Juan, C.H., Liang, W.K. (2014). Modulation of brain oscillations during fundamental visuo-spatialprocessing: A comparison between female collegiate badmintonplayers and sedentary controls. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.10.003. Proverbio, A.L., Crotti, N., Manfredi, Mirella., Adomi, R., Zani, A. (2012). Who needs a referee? How incorrect basketball actions are automatically detected by basketball players’ brain. Sci Rep-UK. 10.1038/srep00883. Cheng, M.Y., Hung, C.L., Huang, C.J., Chang, Y.K., Lo, L.C., Shen, C., Hung, T.M. (2015). Expert-novice differences in SMR activity during dart throwing. Biol. Psychol.10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.08.003. Ring, C., Cooke, A., Kavussanu, M., McIntyre, D., Masters, R. (2014). Investigating the efficacy of neurofeedback training for expeditingexpertise and excellence in sport. Psychol. SportExerc. 10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.08.005. Park, J.L., Fairweather, M.M., Donaldson, D.I. (2015). Making the case for mobile cognition: EEG and sports performance. Neurosci. Biobehav. R. 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.02.014. Babiloni, C., Marzano, N., Infarinato, F., Iacoboni, M., Rizza, G. (2009). Neural efficency of experts’ brain during judgement of actions: A high -resolution EEG study in elite and amateur karate athletes. Behav. Brain. Res. 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.10.034. Jain, S., Gourab, K., Schindler-Ivens, S., Schmit, B.D. (2012). EEG during peddling: Evidence for cortical control of locomotor tasks. Clin. Neurophysiol.10.1016/j.clinph.2012.08.021. Behmer Jr., L.P., Fournier, L.R. (2013). Working memory modulates neural efficiency over motor components during a novel action planning task: An EEG study. Behav. Brain. Res. 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.11.031.
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Regazzoni, Daniele, Andrea Vitali, Caterina Rizzi, and Giorgio Colombo. "A Method to Analyse Generic Human Motion With Low-Cost Mocap Technologies." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86197.
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A number of pathologies impact on the way a patient can either move or control the movements of the body. Traumas, articulation arthritis or generic orthopedic disease affect the way a person can walk or perform everyday movements; brain or spine issues can lead to a complete or partial impairment, affecting both muscular response and sensitivity. Each of these disorder shares the need of assessing patient’s condition while doing specific tests and exercises or accomplishing everyday life tasks. Moreover, also high-level sport activity may be worth using digital tools to acquire physical performances to be improved. The assessment can be done for several purpose, such as creating a custom physical rehabilitation plan, monitoring improvements or worsening over time, correcting wrong postures or bad habits and, in the sportive domain to optimize effectiveness of gestures or related energy consumption. The paper shows the use of low-cost motion capture techniques to acquire human motion, the transfer of motion data to a digital human model and the extraction of desired information according to each specific medical or sportive purpose. We adopted the well-known and widespread Mocap technology implemented by Microsoft Kinect devices and we used iPisoft tools to perform acquisition and the preliminary data elaboration on the virtual skeleton of the patient. The focus of the paper is on the working method that can be generalized to be adopted in any medical, rehabilitative or sportive condition in which the analysis of the motion is crucial. The acquisition scene can be optimized in terms of size and shape of the working volume and in the number and positioning of sensors. However, the most important and decisive phase consist in the knowledge acquisition and management. For each application and even for each single exercise or tasks a set of evaluation rules and thresholds must be extracted from literature or, more often, directly form experienced personnel. This operation is generally time consuming and require further iterations to be refined, but it is the core to generate an effective metric and to correctly assess patients and athletes performances. Once rules are defined, proper algorithms are defined and implemented to automatically extract only the relevant data in specific time frames to calculate performance indexes. At last, a report is generated according to final user requests and skills.
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Simon, David E., and Mehdi Ahmadian. "On the Design of an Intelligent Suspension for Controlling Passenger Vehicle Roll Stability." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33457.
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This paper will address the design, laboratory testing, and road testing of a semiactive suspension system for controlling the roll stability of a sport utility vehicle. Four magneto-rheological dampers, specially designed and built for the purpose of this testing, are described along with the vehicle test setup in the laboratory. Additionally, results from a series of tests conducted on the vehicle equipped with magneto-rheological dampers operated according to different control policies are documented. Displacement and velocity-based skyhook control techniques are evaluated among the methods that are implemented on the test vehicle. The test results indicate that neither velocity nor displacement based skyhook control are particularly better than the stock passive suspension (for the system inputs tested in the laboratory). In order to realize any significant performance improvements in practice, it may be necessary to augment the skyhook control methods with additional information, such as the steering angle. The results of this study further indicate that the performance potential of various skyhook control policies is heavily dependent on the tuning of both the controllable damper and the control strategy itself. Additionally, it was shown that velocity based skyhook control exhibits improved performance relative to displacement based skyhook control. It is worth noting that the results presented in this study are greatly affected by the class of vehicle as well as the specific dampers that are used for testing. Testing with a different class of vehicle or with a different type of dampers could result in significantly different conclusions.
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Taylor, L., R. Forrest, and H. Yoder. "1 The effects of a netball specific preseason programme on athletic performance and injury reduction: a pilot study." In International Sports Science + Sports Medicine Conference 2017 ABSTRACTS, Incorporating Sports Physiotherapy and Strength & Conditioning, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England 5–7th September 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098966.1.
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D’Agostino, V., N. Cappetti, M. Pisaturo, and A. Senatore. "Improving the Engagement Smoothness Through Multi-Variable Frictional Map in Automated Dry Clutch Control." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85945.
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An Automated Manual Transmission (AMT) is directly derived from a manual one through the integration of actuators; then, development and production costs are generally lower than other automatic transmissions, while the reliability and durability are at highest level. For high class sport cars, vehicle dynamic performances and driving quality can be strongly improved with respect to automatic transmissions [1]. AMTs systems are generally constituted by a dry or wet clutch assembly and a multi-speed gearbox, both equipped with electro-mechanical or electro-hydraulic actuators, which are driven by a control unit, the transmission control unit (TCU). The operating modes of AMTs are usually two: semiautomatic or fully automatic. In both cases, after the gear shift command, the TCU manages the shifting steps according to current engine regime, driving conditions and selected program. In this transmission type the quality of the vehicle propulsion as perceived by the driver is largely dependent on the quality of the control strategies. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses on control schemes for AMTs have shown that uncertainties in clutch torque characteristic can severely affect the performance of the clutch engagement: modeling in detail the torque transmitted by the specific clutch architecture is a crucial issue in order to design robust engagement control strategies [2, 3 and 4]. This paper aims at investigating the engagement performance of an actuated dry clutch by taking into account the inference of the pressure on the facing materials and the sliding speed. In fact, according to literature outcomes [5], the friction coefficient after a first rising behavior with the sliding speed shows an asymptotic value for a typical clutch facing; the same material exhibits a nearly linear dependence of the friction coefficient on the pressure. The simulations consider: reduced-order dynamic system for simulation of passenger car driveline, control algorithm, experimental maps of the n-D clutch transmission characteristic, and gear shift maneuvers in different operating conditions. The outcome of this analysis could provide valuable issues for designers of automated clutches and control engineers to overcome the well known poor engagement performances of open loop motion strategy of the throwout bearing where cost reason and complexity don’t permit the use of displacement sensor.
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Forsman, Fredrik, and Christian Finnsgård. "Teamwork as Joint Activity in Sailing." In SNAME 22nd Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-2016-017.
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Sailing is a sport and activity that takes a long time both to learn and to master, as much of its competence based knowledge is acquired through experience. Experience based learning is very important time intensive, and the factors for success are often tacit and hidden. Should these success factors become explicit and salient, learning would occur faster and produce obvious competitive advantages. This research was conducted by embedding on-going research results into two competitive sailing teams racing in different classes, one offshore keelboat racing with a crew of 8, and a one-design Star-class racing yacht with a crew of two. The data collection consisted of observations, interviews, and video recordings. The results were also verified with the crews to catch biases in the analysis process. A jibe, a specific but common maneuver was analyzed from the perspective of Common Ground within Joint Activity. Maneuvering a competitive offshore sail racer or a previously Olympic Star-class yacht are tasks that fulfill the requirements for Joint Activity. A high level of Common Ground is required for the effective coordination needed in order to perform at a high level and maintain the safety of the crew and equipment. Breakdowns in the coordination of maneuvers were observed, although they must be recorded on video for higher analysis reliability. To achieve greater validity, more and different maneuvers should be considered within the analysis. By better understanding the factors for success, sail racing teams can more quickly gain competence and thus competitive advantages. The research analyzes the teamwork found in sailing from the perspective of Joint Activity and Common Ground and provides insight into how to achieve performance improvements more efficiently.
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Travis J Esau, Qamar Uz Zaman, Young K Chang, Arnold W Schumann, David C Percival, and Aitazaz A Farooque. "Performance Evaluation of a Prototype Variable Rate Sprayer for Spot - Specific Application of Bravo® Fungicide in Wild Blueberry." In 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 - August 10, 2011. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.37283.
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