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1
Basson, Tamsyn. "Guidelines for a sport specific Employee Assistance Programme." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10182005-105208.
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Crabtree, Paul. "The design and manufacture of symptom and sport specific insoles." Thesis, University of Bath, 2013. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.571864.
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The development of prescription methods and evaluation of biomechanical performance of bespoke orthoses has been a source of research for the last 40 years. What started as anecdotal and experience–led knowledge has evolved into a more quantifiable paradigm utilising state of the art technologies commonly found in other high-precision industries. The manufacturing challenges associated with such customised products have been driven by the requirement to produce small (often one-off) batches, bespoke for the end user. The introduction of precise scanning equipment and CAD/CAM systems to the podiatry community is enabling the accurate and repeatable manufacture of orthoses that were previously predominantly hand crafted and shaped. Although these traditional production methods are still in use today, the advantages that scanning and CAD/CAM provide mean they are rapidly being adopted. Today, CNC machining and additive manufacture provide state of the art manufacturing methods for bespoke insoles prescribed and modelled in a CAD environment. However, the limitations of both these manufacturing methods relate to the materials that can be processed, which becomes problematic when manufacturing soft or semi-rigid orthoses. Hence an opportunity exists to develop a new and innovative method for processing foamed polymer materials that are typically vacuum formed today. This research explores the prescription and analysis methods attributed to insole design for sporting applications using specific sports shoes. The insole designs encompass material selection to deliver a product that provides control and function whilst also providing a degree of impact attenuation, recognising the dynamic and high-impact nature of the sportsspecific movements. Consideration is also given to the types of activities that function with the device. This research analyses characteristic plantar pressures experienced whilst undertaking sports-specific movements to aid in the prescription of bespoke insoles for the chosen sport. A design methodology encompassing state of the art scanning technologies and anthropometric measurements provides a repeatable and accurate means to produce the required geometry for a bespoke sport and symptom-specific insole. The research also presents the concept of cryogenic machining, a novel manufacturing method for the CNC machining of foamed polymers. The materials are cooled with the use of a liquid cryogen to below their glass transition temperature at which point relative motion at a molecular level is significantly reduced, providing a rigid and machineable form. This, along with a bespoke cryogenic facility encompassing a vertical 3 axis CNC machining centre, a pressurised liquid nitrogen dewar connected to a bespoke-designed fixture by a vacuum jacketed pipe, enables the dual-sided machining of an amorphous material, something which is not possible with conventional processes. The major contributions of this work are the design methodology to prescribe a sport and symptom-specific insole using state of the art scanning and CAM methods, the design and manufacture of a fixture to facilitate the dual-sided machining of a customised insole and the subsequent testing of the designs in a laboratory environment. In addition the research utilises motion analysis, force plate data and pressure measurement to explore the effects of the insoles on the kinetics, kinematics and peak plantar pressures at discrete anatomical regions during sport-specific manoeuvres.
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Rumbold, Penny. "Energy intake and appetite following sport-specific exercise in adolescent girls." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/3404/.
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Engelbrecht, Louise. "Sport-specific video-based reactive agility training in rugby union players." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17926.
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Krušinskaitė, Aistė. "Gender and Sport: An Analysis of Gender Specific Language in Basketball Commentaries." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140602_083527-68027.
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Summary. The aim of present paper is to compare the language used in men and women basketball commentaries, and to discuss the main influential factors for these differences to occur. Firstly, two basketball matches (women and men gold final games in London Olympics 2012) are chosen for the analysis. The first quarter of men’s game and the first quarter of women’s game are transcribed, and the data is analyzed in several aspects, which are presented below. Secondly, the discussion is referred to books and articles presenting researches on language, gender, and sports.
In the theoretical part, the discussion is carried out along the topics on women involvement in sports, comparison of men and women physical bodies, gender-based occupational distribution, genders specific language in televised sports and basketball commentaries, the coverage of women’s sport in mass media, and gender specific language used by media channels. This part also argues the stereotypical point of view that still prevails in the society for acceptable and unacceptable behaviors determined by gender.
In the practical part, the transcribed data is presented for the analysis in three categories: the use of statistics, the interpretation of physical contact, and gender specific descriptions and references. The discussion contains graphics, tables with finding, and relevant examples from the men and women basketball matches. The findings are discussed referring to researches carried out by scholars... [to full text]<br>Santrauka. Šio magistrinio darbo tikslas yra nustatyti kalbos vartojamos komentuojant vyrų ir moterų krepšinio rungtynes skirtumus ir suprasti pagrindinius įtakos veiksnius šiems skirtumams atsirasti. Pirmiausia, dvejos krepšinio rungtynės buvo pasirinktos analizei, t.y. pirmi moterų ir vyrų rungtynių dėl pirmos vietos Londono olimpinėse žaidynėse kėliniai, kuriuos transkribavus, gauta informacija panaudota analizei keliais aspektais, kurie pristatyti žemiau. Teorinė darbo apžvalga remiasi tyrimų išvadomis, kurios yra pateiktos knygose ir straipsniuose kalbos, lyčių raiškos ir sporto temomis.
Teorinėje dalyje pristatomos šios temos: moterų dalyvavimas ir reikšmė sporte, vyrų ir moterų kūno sandaros skirtumai, lyčių nelygybė darbo rinkoje, krepšinio komentaruose vartojama kalba atsižvelgiant į komentuojamų sporto atstovų lytį, ir kalba vartojama televizijoje lyginant vyrų ir moterų krepšinio varžybų komentarų pateikimą. Šioje dalyje taip pat išryškinamas visuomenės stereotipinis požiūris į asmens lyties nulemtą priimtiną ir nepriimtiną elgesį.
Praktinėje dalyje transkribuota medžiaga yra analizuojama šiais aspektais: statistikos pateikimas, fizinio kontakto interpretavimas, lyginant vyrų ir moterų žaidimą ir skirtingi apibūdinimai, kreipiniai, bei naudojami palyginimai atsižvelgiant į sportininkų lytį. Šioje dalyje taip pat pateikiamos lentelės ir grafikai su tyrimo duomenimis, bei tiksliniai pavyzdžiai iš vyrų ir moterų krepšinio rungtynių.
Šio darbo pabaigoje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Taylor, Elizabeth. "Collegiate Athletes and Alcohol: An Examination of Sport Specific Motives to Consume Alcohol." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375884258.
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Khudair, Mohammed. "The search for sport-specific tests in boxing: Strength, power and anaerobic measurements." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33903.
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The sport of boxing is widely practiced around the world, and to compete internationally atthe World championships and the Olympic games, boxers need a high fitness level and one ofthe tools used to achieve a high fitness level is physical and physiological testing formethodological monitoring and planning of training. The aim of this thesis was to study therelationship between training time in boxers, as in the recalled number of weekly traininghours, and the results from four different tests, upper body Wingate anaerobic test (UWAnT),countermovement jump (CMJ), hand grip strength (HGS) and isometric mid-thigh pull(IMTP). The choice of each tests is discussed from a physiological perspective to show itsassociation to boxing performance. Testing consisted of one testing session, which was heldduring a competition period, and 16 male boxers (age=23±5 years) in the senior ranks wereincluded. The results showed that the number of weekly training hours had a weak correlationto HGS (r=0.236, r2=0.056), a strong correlation to CMJ(r=0.570. r2=0.325), a moderatecorrelation to peak isometric strength in IMTP (r=0.343, r2=0.118), a weak correlation torelative peak isometric strength in IMTP (r=0.189, r2=0.036) and a strong correlation to peakanaerobic power, relative peak anaerobic power and the fatigue index in UWAnT (r=0.574,r2=0.329; r=0.769, r2=0.591; r=0.641, r2=0.411 respectively). In the thesis, the appliedmethods and the group of participants included are also discussed to find a suitable way ofstudying the relationship between these and other tests that could be suitable to explaindifferent characteristics of boxing performance. Based on the findings in the thesis, it wasconcluded that HGS and IMTP do not explain strength in boxing performance and, therefore,should be studied further. Also, it was concluded that the different variables in UWAnT andCMJ do explain anaerobic power and capacity and lower body explosive strength in boxingperformance and could, therefore, be used as sport-specific test for boxing.
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Van, Der Heever Ivan Charles. "Sport marketing in the Western Cape with specific reference to the implications for tourism." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/55238.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 1996.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Sport organisations in the Western Cape are finding it
increasingly difficult to survive. The major problem seem to
be a lack of financial resources, but the financial position
of any sport organisation is the culmination of a number of
factors which directly or indirectly influence the financial
status of these organisations.
It is clear that sport organisations did not develop at the
same pace as other business enterprises, with the result that
they are still managed on an informal basis and, in many
instances, by volunteers. It is therefore easy to realise why
virtually no active marketing of sport organisations is
currently being undertaken. It is absolutely necessary that
sport organisations start applying the principles of the
marketing science if they want to ensure their survival. A
total transformation of the organisation might be required and
the best way to face this possibility, is to undertake a
process of strategic planning.
The sport organisation will then be forced to look at all
aspects of its operations in a scientific manner. Strategies
should be devised in terms of each one of the elements of the
marketing mix for sport organisations, namely the sport
product, price, place, promotion and public relations.
It is also clear that co-operation amongst sport organisations
is vitally important in terms of the development of the sport
industry. In addition, the appointment of professional
marketing personnel will ensure the proper implementation of
the sport organisation's marketing plan.
The key marketing success factors for the marketing of sport
are presented in order to provide sport organisations with
guidelines which could be of assistance in the planning
process. The relevance of these success factors will be
determined in each case by the nature and extent of operations
of the organisation.
The implications of sport marketing for the promotion of
tourism in the Western Cape are also considered. This is done
primarily in the form of major sport events and its influence
on the tourism industry.
This study proposes various recommendations for sport
marketing and sport tourism. The outstanding feature of these
recommendations is the recognition of the need for an
organisation to foster co-operation amongst sport
organisations and also between the sport industry and the
tourism industry.
It is generally recognised that tourism in South Africa has
potential for enormous growth over the next few years, In
this regard, it is important to realise that sport has a
unique role to play in the promotion of tourism in the -Western
Cape. Sport organisations are seemingly not aware of their
current and future contributions to tourism, with the result
that there is a lack of interaction and co-operation between
sport organisations and the tourism industry. This situation
will have to be addressed in order to integrate sport into a
tourism strategy for the region.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sportorganisasies in die Wes-Kaap vind dit al moeiliker om te
oorleef, hoofsaaklik om finansiele oorwegings. Die finansiele posisie van enige sportorganisasie is die resultaat van die
direkte of indirekte invloed van ' n aantal faktore op die
finansiele status van sodanige organisasies.
Dit is duidelik dat sportorganisasies nie teen dieselfde pas
ontwikkel het as ander sake-ondernemings nie, met die gevolg
dat hierdie organisasies steeds op 'n informele basis en deur
vrywilligers bestuur word. Dit is dus duidelik waarom daar
huidiglik byna geen aktiewe bemarking van sportorganisasies
plaasvind nie. Dit is absoluut noodsaaklik dat
sportorganisasies die beginsels van bemarking op 'n wetenskaplike basis toepas om sodoende hul oorlewing te
verseker. Dit mag 'n totale transformasie van die organisasie
vereis en die beste manier om hierdie moontlikheid te aanvaar
is om 'n proses van strategiese beplanning te onderneem.
Die sportorganisasie sal dan verplig word om wetenskaplik na
alle aspekte van sy bedrywighede te kyk. Strategie moet dan
ontwikkel word in terme van elkeen van die elemente van die
bemarkingsmengsel vir sportorganisasies, naamlik die
sportproduk, prys, plek, promosie en eksterne betrekkinge.
Dit is ook duidelik dat samewerking tussen sportorganisasies
uiters belangrik is in terme van die ontwikkeling van die
sportbedryf. Daarbenewens sal die aanstelling van
professionele bemarkingspersoneel die korrekte implementering
van die sportorganisasie se bemarkingsplan verseker.
Die belangrikste faktore wat die behoorlike bemarking van
sport sal verseker word voorgestel om sodoende riglyne, wat
waardevol in die beplanningsproses kan wees, aan
sportorganisasies te verskaf. Die toepaslikheid van hierdie
faktore word in elke geval bepaal deur die aard en omvang van
die bedrywighede van die organisasie.
Die implikasies van die bemarking van sport vir toerisme in
die Wes-Kaap word ook in oenskou geneem. Dit word hoofsaaklik
gedoen na aanleiding van die invloed van groot
sportgebeurtenisse op die toerismebedryf.
Daar word algemeen aanvaar dat toerisme in Suid-Afrika groot
potensiaal vir groei in die volgende jare inhou. In hierdie
verband is dit belangrik om te besef dat sport 'n unieke rol
het om te speel in die bevordering van toerisme in die Wes-Kaap.
Sportorganisasies skyn nie bewus te wees van hul
huidige en toekomstige bydraes tot toerisme nie, met die
gevolg dat daar 'n gebrek aan interaksie en samewerking tussen
sportorganisasies en die toerismebedryf bestaan. Hierdie studie maak sekere aanbevelings ten opsigte van die
bemarking van sport en die invloed van sport op toerisme. Die
uitstaande kenmerk van hierdie aanbevelings is die besef dat
daar 'n behoefte bestaan aan 'n organisasie wat samewerking
tussen sportorganisasies, asook tussen die sportbedryf en die
toerismebedryf , sal verseker.
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Frederiksen, Paul. "The Relationship Between Sport Fandom, Identification with a Specific Team, and an Individual's Socialization Experiences." TopSCHOLAR®, 2003. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/592.
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The present study was designed to gain a better understanding of why some people become sport fans and others do not. The study focused specifically on the differences in socialization experiences between people high and low in sport fandom and people high and low in team identification. Warm (2003) defines sport fandom as one's identification with his or her role as a sport fan. Wann (1997) states that team identification involves a person's psychological connection and attachment to a specific team. Understanding why people become sport fans can be of vital importance to sport marketers. Participants completed self-report measures of sport fandom (SFQ) and team identification (SSIS), as well as measures of socialization into sports and socialization with a specific team. It was hypothesized that participants who scored high on the SFQ would also score high on the sport socialization measure. It was also hypothesized that participants who scored high on the SSIS would tend to score high on the team socialization measure. Median splits were used to determine high and low groups for the SFQ and the SSIS. The scores from the socialization measures were submitted to a 2 (gender: male vs. female) x 2 (sport fandom: high vs. low) x 2 (team identification: high vs. low) Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Results indicated that both proposed hypotheses of the study were supported. Overall, participants who scored high on the sport fandom measure also scored high on the sport socialization measure. Likewise, the participants who scored high on the team identification measure also scored high on the team socialization measure. Therefore, it appears that the socialization experiences people receive are likely a determining factor in whether or not they become sport fans.
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Thompson, Glyde Edward. "Sport-specific psychological skills : a comparison between professional and social basketball players in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51919.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT:
In the present study the psychological skills of professional and social basketball players
were compared. A literature review has highlighted the need for domain specific and
sport specific psychological skills research, from countries outside the United States of
America. The Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28) was administered to
professional (n=60) and social (n=67) basketball players. The ACSI-28 is a
multidimensional scale that measures seven specific psychological skills and also yields a
global psychological skills score. The results showed that professional basketball players
rated their global psychological skills significantly higher than social basketball players.
The results also showed that the professional basketball players scored significantly
higher on five of the seven specific psychological skills namely: coping with adversity,
peaking under pressure, goal setting, concentration and self-confidence. Cross-cultural
differences were found between South African and Greek basketball players. The
assumption that psychological skills is domain specific was not verified as baseball and
basketball players from different countries showed remarkably similar ACSI-28 profiles.
The results can be used to develop a psychological skills training programme which is
relevant for elite and pre-elite basketball players in South Africa.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:
Die sielkundige vaardighede van professionele- en sosiale basketbalspelers is in die
huidige studie onderling vergelyk. 'n Literatuurstudie het die behoefte aan domeinspesifieke,
sowel as sport-spesifieke sielkundige-vaardigheidsnavorsing beklemtoom,
veral vir lande buite die Verenigde State van Amerika. Die Athletic Coping Skills
Inventory-28 (ACSI-28) is toegepas op professionele (n=60) en sosiale (n=67)
basketbalspelers. Die ACSI-28 is 'n multidimensionele skaal wat sewe spesifiek
sielkundige vaardighede meet. Hierdie vaardighede kan gekombineer word om 'n globale
sielkundige vaardigheidstelling te kry. Volgens die resultate het die professionele
basketbalspelers hul globale sielkundige vaardighede beduidend hoër as sosiale
basketbalspelers geëvalueer. Die professionele basketbalspelers het hoër tellings as
sosiale basketbalspelers behaal op vyf van die sewe spesifiek sielkundige vaardighede
naamlik: hantering van terugslae, prestasie onder druk, doelwitstelling, konsentrasie
vermoë en self vertroue. Kruis-kulturele verskille is gevind tussen Suid-Afrikaanse en
Griekse basketbalspelers. Die aanname, dat sielkundige vaardighede domein-spesifiek is,
is nie ondersteun nie, aangesien bofbal en basketbalspelers van verskillende lande
ooreenstemmende ACSI-28 profiele getoon het. Die resultate kan aangewend word om 'n
sielkundige vaardigheidsopleidingsprogram te ontwikkel wat relevant vir elite and preelite
basketbalspelers in Suid Afrika is.
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Tanaka, LeeAnn Chaddock Laura Cullen Christine. "The effects of sport specific exercise on cognition investigating the P300 and the lateral readiness potential /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/743.
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Enright, Kevin Joseph. "The impact of concurrent-training on the physiological adaptations to sport specific exercise in elite footballers." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2014. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4375/.
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Elite football players are required to train multiple metabolic and physical parameters simultaneously. Due to the nature of the competition schedule and training time available players often perform sports-specific endurance-training and high-load, low repetition resistance-training on the same day (Hoff et al., 2006). Empirical evidence highlights that when two disparate forms of muscular contraction are trained within the same training cycle, adaptations in strength and power related variables can become blunted - a situation most commonly referred to as the ‘interference phenomenon’ (Hickson, 1980). Experimental data suggest the organisation of each training stimulus can modulate the training response and exacerbate the ‘interference phenomenon’. However at present few data exist concerning how elite football teams currently organise their concurrent-training programmes. Furthermore to the authors’ knowledge no practical guidelines exist as to minimise the interference phenomenon within the constraints of the applied football environment. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact of training organisation on the acute and chronic responses to football-specific concurrent exercise programmes in elite football players. Initially we conducted a pilot study (chapter 3) to observe the concurrent-training strategies currently in place at a professional football club. The study had two aims (1) to describe the training frequency and training load across the first 10 weeks of a competitive season and (2) to characterise the acute organisation of training and nutritional intake around concurrent-training. It was found that training frequency and volume was greatest during the initial three weeks of the observation. Following this training frequency and training load decreased significantly. Although, following the decrease in training load there were no between week fluctuations in training load. Together, these results suggested that the reduced ‘pre-season period’ (i.e. 3 weeks) and the lack of fluctuation in training volume and intensity from weeks 4 to 10 may not be optimal for longer-term muscle performance (Fleck, 1999). The secondary findings from this study demonstrated that when concurrent-training was performed on the same day, the order of aerobic and resistance exercise, the nutritional availability and the recovery period between training sessions was unsystematic. It was thought that this approach to the organisation of concurrent-training may not have been optimal for longer term muscle adaptation. Collectively, this study showed that despite large investment in sports science departments and highly experienced coaches, the application of periodised and well-structured training is not always possible. The lack of systematic training and nutritional intake observed at this football club could have exacerbated the ‘interference phenomenon’ and subsequently been sub-optimal for longer term muscle adaptation and athlete performance. The purpose of study 1 and 2 (chapters 5 & 6) was to investigate if the concurrent exercise protocols previously observed could modulate the ‘interference phenomenon’. In a series of studies we investigated the muscular adaptations following 5 weeks of strength-training performed either before or after football-specific endurance-training (‘S + E’ and ‘E + S’). It was found that improvements in strength and power related variables become blunted in the S + E training group. It was hypothesised that the between group differences could be explained by the differences in muscle architecture adaptation observed in the E + S training group. As both training groups completed similar training loads it was thought that the recovery period and nutrient timing associated with each training group could have either ‘enhanced’ or ‘blunted’ underlying adaptive mechanisms respectively.
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Ekman, Matilda. "The development of a novel sport specific isometric strength measurement for para kayak classification : A reliability study." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysisk aktivitet och hälsa, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-6776.
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To the author’s knowledge, no research has earlier been done on the development of a sport specific strength measurement system for para kayak classification.Aim: In order to work in line with the International Paralympic Committee, to develop more evidence-based methods for classification, the overall purpose of this study was to design and develop a sport specific test battery to measure force in isometric contractions. It was also: (1) to test-retest the battery on able-bodied participants, to ensure the reliability of the method for further research and (2) to evaluate whether performing two or three trials is sufficient when testing the test battery for reliability. Method: Ten able-bodied participants volunteered to this study. All participants performed a test battery of four isometric strength tests. The participants completed three voluntary maximal isometric contractions for each exercise with a duration of 5 seconds, and a 30 second rest separating each trial. Data used in the analysis, was the mean value of two respectively three trials. The Shapiro-Wilk test of normality was used to assess the normality of the data. The level of significance when testing normality was set to p < 0.05. A dependent t-test and an intraclass correlations coefficient (ICC) with a 2-way mixed effects- model, absolute agreement, method 3.1 were used to assess the test-retest reliability for both trial 1-2 and trial 1-3. Results: All tests showed high reliability and no systematic error were found. The data were normally distributed. When analysing data from three trials, one test showed good reliability; knee extension left (ICC=0,77). All other data showed excellent reliability. When analysing data from two trials, two tests showed good reliability; leg press left (ICC = 0,88) and knee extension left (ICC = 0,78). All other data showed excellent reliability (> 90). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that all tests can reliably be applied in a classification system for para-kayak. Both of the methods, using three data points and using two data points, can be used when analysing the data.
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Mills, Claire D. "Development of a sport specific anthropometric calibration model to estimate whole body density of professional football players." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2014. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/2272/.
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There are currently no calibration models that allow whole body density in professional footballers to be estimated. As such, there is a need to develop practical calibration models in order to make sound body composition judgements. The aim of this thesis is threefold. Firstly, to examine the measurement reliability of a range of anthropometric measures, residual lung volume, air displacement plethysmography and hydrostatic weighing. Secondly, to establish reliability and precision of body composition measures used within existing calibration models which estimate whole body density from the criterion of hydrostatic weighing. Thirdly, to develop and cross-validate new calibration models for professional footballers.
15
Kourie, Alan. "Epidemiology and risk factors for illness in athletes participating in sport tournaments or competitions - a specific focus on Rugby Union." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16552.
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Includes bibliographical references<br>Background: Illness in athletes is an inevitable part of participation in sports, and can significantly interfere with training, during tournaments or at competition time. The incidence of illness in sports varies in different sporting codes and across different tournaments and competitions. The Super Rugby competition is a particularly demanding 16-week tournament among countries in the Southern Hemisphere, and is associated with a high incidence of illness. In this tournament, 15 rugby union teams compete and play international level matches every week, which involves travel across numerous time zones and therefore may be associated with a higher incidence of illness in players. Objective: The main objectives of this dissertation were to 1) review the epidemiology and risk factors for illness in athletes participating in tournaments or competitions, and 2) determine which intrinsic risk factors predispose players to illness during the 2010 Super Rugby tournament. Methods: This dissertation consisted of two main phases. In phase I, a systematic review of the literature was undertaken, using evidence-based criteria, to determine which risk factors predispose athletes to illness during tournaments. In phase II, a prospective cohort research study was undertaken, involving 239 players from South Africa and New Zealand, over the 16-week duration of the 2010 Super 14 Rugby Union tournament. For phase II, a pre-season medical questionnaire was administered to determine baseline medical data. Collection of data then took place each day of the competition, beginning 7 days before the first game the team played, and ending when each team played their final game. Each team physician completed a daily "medical illness log" for every player. Booklets were supplied that contained daily illness report forms. Results: The main findings of the review (phase I) were good evidence (level I and II) indicating that 1) international travel, and the duration of a tournament are extrinsic risk factors for illness in athletes, and 2) that prolonged and high intensity training, older age, and nutritional deficiencies are intrinsic risk factors for illness in athletes. The main findings of the prospective cohort study (phase II) were that an increased number of training days in the 2 weeks before the tournament was an independent risk factor for any illness, respiratory system illness, and digestive system illness; the % time spent on endurance training in the 15 weeks before the tournament was an additional independent risk factor associated with respiratory system illness; the use of anti-inflammatory medication was an independent risk factor associated with respiratory system illness. Summary and conclusion: In summary, novel intrinsic risk factors for illness in rugby players participating in the Super Rugby tournament were training more days/hours per week in the 2 weeks before the tournament, as well as endurance-type training 15 weeks before the tournament. These data can form the basis of planning preventative strategies to reduce the risk of illness in the Super Rugby tournament.
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Lloyd, Meghann. "Self-regulation of sport specific and educational problem-solving tasks by children with and without developmental coordination disorder." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79787.
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The purpose was to examine the domain specificity of the self-regulatory skills of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) compared to their peers without DCD. Participants included 10 children with DCD and 10 without. A sport specific problem-solving task (shooting at a hockey net) and an educational problem-solving task (peg solitaire) were compared. Zimmerman's (2000) social cognitive model of self-regulation was used; it has three phases (a) forethought, (b) performance or volitional control, and (c) self-reflection. Participants were taught to think aloud during both tasks to access cognitive processes (Ericsson & Simon, 1984/1993). Codes were developed under five major categories, (a) goals, (b) knowledge, (c) emotion, (d) monitoring, and (e) evaluation. Verbalizations were transcribed and coded using the NUD*IST Vivo software. Results indicated that children with DCD have decreased knowledge in the motor domain, may have general difficulties with planning and set less challenging goals. The findings also support previous research regarding their negative emotions attached to motor tasks.
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Leslie-Toogood, S. Adrienne. "An evaluation of the reliability and validity of sport-specific behavioral checklists for volleyball, running, basketball, and swimming." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ51652.pdf.
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Ishido, Masa. "Sport culture in Japan and the challenge of global processes : the specific case of Japanese baseball and labour migration." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5475.
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This thesis concerns itself with how sport culture in Japan - especially, baseball - has been transformed under the influence of globalisation. Globalisation, defined as the `borderless' world, is a key term in describing the state of affairs in the contemporary world. In sporting world, globalisation embodied itself in the forms of international (or transcontinental) labour migration, international sporting contests. Globalisation has tended to be analysed from a Western point of view because of Western domination in political and economic affairs as well as cultural ones for the past few centuries. This thesis tries to undertake the research of globalisation also from a non-Western point of view. There are many forms of global processes at work and globalisation has been conceptualised from various angles. After reviewing different approaches to the concept of globalisation, attention is shifted to the formation and the growth of sport culture in Japan in connection with globalisation. Modern sport culture was quite foreign in Japan before 1868, but with the Western influences dominant after 1868, Japan grew to be one of today's sporting powers. The growth of sport culture in Japan had marked characteristics according to social changes, which was reflected mainly in the form of Japaneseness and Westerness. This thesis classifies these social changes into four historical periods - the pre-modern (before 1868), the modern (1868-1945), the modern (1945-1990), and the post-modern (after 1990) - and explores sport culture in Japan in this historical framework. Subsequently, this thesis directs its attention specifically to Japanese baseball and traces the way in which the Japanese game grew in the face of American influences, specifically labour migration from America. Baseball, as the `national' sport in Japan, has been taken as an epitome of Japaneseness (observable in specific individual styles of play and attitudes to the game) since its inception. The tensions of between Japaneseness and American influences are fully discussed as an aspect of global processes. This thesis also assesses the significance of the immigration of Japanese players to American baseball especially from the 1990s on, more complex nature of labour migration in baseball Japanese baseball and the accompanying fall in the popularity of Japanese baseball. Finally, looking to the future, this thesis discusses possible trends to come. This thesis embodies original data collected from past American (and some other foreign) players, baseball journalists, and from documentary sources. Original translations from Japanese into English have been made to make it possible to use Japanese publications.
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O, Donnell Francis. "COED ADOLESCENT SOCCER PLAYERS IN A COMPETITIVE LEARNING MILIEU: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF GENDER ATTITUDES, PERCEPTIONS AND SPORT SPECIFIC COMPONENT TESTING." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4411.
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The history of association soccer dates back to the 1800's, and all indications are that prospects for the female athlete was scarce in all sports. The researcher has arranged an environment where young females can train with males in a soccer setting that has all the necessary elements for the athletes to learn, improve and compete with their own gender as well as opposite gender. The female group has been noticeable underachievers in this sport and is not aware of their potential. The research methodology is ethnographic in nature and study could easily be related to a traditional way to learn and develop in this sport. The method stresses the importance of reproducing procedures that were taught to the researcher. The employment of this method was to provide motivation and additional teaching resources to assist and enhance development of the research participant's potential. This was an ethnographic endeavor that accumulated several sources of data on 13 elite male and female athletes. Based on the data collected interpretations were made regarding their perceptions of the opposite gender. Ethnography was combined with descriptive statistics and employed to elicit and compile the data in the soccer specific testing components and the interviews. Merging techniques of observation (participant observation), field notes, video analysis, individual and group interviews were the sources of rich information for the researcher. This was a practical approach to bring out or discover any overt or covert trends, and to determine what possible barriers to learning would limit and reduce participation in the sport of soccer. The theoretical nature of the research, formal sociology is very much related to observational methods, choosing to gather data in a controlled and organized approach. The researcher's decision to tape the interview process and his preference to videotape events would thereby collect a complete and accurate account of the training progression subject matter. The results in the soccer specific testing indicated that the males were generally faster on sprint runs and had more endurance on the distance runs. However, a few of the females did better some of the males' scores in the aerobic and anaerobic events. The technical and tactical data indicated a slight improvement for the females when comparing pre and posttest results. Once more, the males were more advanced than the females. The psychological data showed the females progressed on the posttest scores. However, there was no overall male domination on the 20 categories. There are different areas on the inventory where females scored higher and other areas where the males would top the females. The interviews provided some enlightening information that confirmed aspects of male domination exist in sport and the feminist's role in sport as bringing attention to many gender issues, the positive and negative aspects of education and sport, the goals and motivation to participate in sport. Finally, the contrasting viewpoints between the American adolescent in this study and the English adolescent in Flintoff's (1993) dissertation and Flintoff and Scraton's (2001) study on physical education and gender issues. The most important finding was that learning had occurred in the training milieu. Learning was accomplished through the males' ability to facilitate the dynamics of attention and discipline required throughout the training sessions that were offered. The soccer specific test results indicated a much more motivated female group and the females' spring season was very successful; the team went undefeated in all competitions. The males in the study began to shed the superior attitude to one of more respect and tolerance of their female counterparts. The female differs emotionally from the male as the interview data illustrated and the co-education environment was both positive and productive, but there are limits to the inclusion of the female gender in the male training sessions. More planning would be necessary to assure that both groups develop. The study not only provided training and testing, but also made the participants more aware of many gender issues and how the research attempted to bridge the gap in sport between the sexes. If adopted, the psychological data could mean major benefits for the player who wants to know exactly what their strengths and weaknesses are; and when actions of strength are required and the capacity to work on weaknesses.<br>Ph.D.<br>Curriculum and Instruction<br>Education<br>Curriculum and Instruction
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Gaudet, Pierre. "Relationship between heart rate and blood lactate responses to a sport specific field test in elite male and female badminton players." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5816.
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No statistically significant difference between genders was observed. Among all the comparisons of the 30 second intervals within the 5 minute HRREC data, only two time periods were not statistically significant. One was early in recovery and one was late in recovery. Mean BLa went down every minute from 6.91 mMol at post 1 minute to 6.51 mMol at post 5 minute but this difference was not statistically significant. No statistically significant correlation were found to exist between HRREC and BLaREC. However, PEAKBLa following the test was correlated with HRREC measurements such that the following two trends were found. First, the correlation between PEAKBLa and the absolute HR values obtained at different time intervals during recovery became stronger with increasing time up to the 2nd minute of recovery and second, PEAKBLa was negatively correlated with 5 minute HRREC. PEAKBLa was negatively correlated with the HRREC obtained in the first two minutes of recovery but this relation became positive between the 2nd and 5th minute of recovery. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Andersson, Christoffer. "Golf swing rotational max power correlation to clubhead speed, ball speed and carry distance in young elite golf players." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33896.
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Background: In ballistic sports like golf power production in rotational movement play a major role for performance. To hit the ball far, high clubhead speed is crucial in golf and rotational power (medicine ball throws) have shown to have a good correlation to clubhead speed. A lower golf handicap has also shown to correlate well with higher clubhead speed. Few sport specific power tests have been executed and training and testing sport specific are associated with high performance in a sport. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between three parameters (power, velocity and force) measured in a golf specific rotational test and clubhead speed (CHS), ball speed (BS) and carry distance (CD) on young elite golfers. Methods: Twenty-six golfers, 16 men and 10 women, completed the study. Two tests were performed on separate occasion; one golf performance test using Trackman launch monitor and one golf specific rotational test in 1080 Quantum. CHS, BS and CD were collected in the golf performance test and max power, force and velocity in the golf specific rotational test. To study the relationship between the selected variables, spearman’s correlations coefficient (rs) was used and analyzed the total group, and in men and women separately. Results: Excellent correlation was found between max power and CHS (r=0.9, p<0.00). Good correlation was found between force and CHS (r=0.8, p<0.00). Moderate correlations were found between force and BS and force and CD and max power and CD (r=0.7, p<0.00). Poor correlations were found between velocity and CHS, BS and CD (r=0.3, p>0.50). Conclusion: This study showed that strong correlations seem to exist between power production in a golf specific rotation test and Golf performance in young elite golfers. Even force also seems to have an impact on golf performance while velocity showed little to no correlation to golf performance.
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Madruga, Parera Marc. "Inter-limb asymmetries and sports performance: from assessment to the application of a sport-specific iso-inertial resistance training in young athletes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671226.
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The asymmetries detected in the different multi-directional sports vary in magnitude depending on the test selected. Furthermore, in the individual analysis of the different tests administered, it was observed that athlete’s lower limb preferences depended on the test. Greater asymmetries were detected in the vertical jump test, the CODD variable, and the change of direction with inertial resistance test in multidirectional sports. The change of direction with inertial resistance test also enabled us to detect asymmetries in actions that approximate the actual sport. Moreover, the results showed that asymmetries have a negative impact on performance of the jump and the change of direction, and on speed in the linear sprint and the capacity to repeat the change of direction.
Last, we were able to observe that iso-inertial training results in greater adaptations in performance and larger reductions in asymmetries than conventional cable-resistance training. We can also affirm that positive adaptations in performance caused by resistance training are not necessarily associated with reduced asymmetries<br>Com a síntesis d’aquest procés d’investigació, les asimetries detectades en els diferents esports multidireccionals mostren variabilitat en les magnituds segons la prova seleccionada. A més, en l’anàlisis individuals les proves realitzades, s’ha pogut observar que els esportistes mostren preferències en l’habilitat de la cama en funció de la prova. El test de salt vertical, la variable del COD i canvi de direcció amb resistència iso-inercial mostra majors magnituds en la detecció d’asimetries en esports multidireccionals. El canvi de direcció amb resistència iso-inercial permet, detectar les asimetries en accions pròximes a l’esport. Per un altre costat, els nostres resultats també mostren que les asimetries influeixen negativament en el rendiment de salt, canvi de direcció, capacitat de repetir canvis de direcció i velocitat en esprint lineal. Per a finalitzar, hem pogut observar que l’entrenament iso-inercial provoca majors adaptacions en el rendiment i majors reduccions d’asimetries que l’entrenament de força convencional de cable gravitacional
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Kruger, Ankebé. "Sport specific talent identification determinants and development of sprinting and long jumping ability among 10-15 year old children from underprivileged communities / Ankebé Kruger." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1318.
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Edwards, Andrew Mark. "The reliability and validity of gas exchange kinetics, maximal aerobic power, anaerobic threshold and sport specific protocols as determinants of fitness in elite athletes." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2003. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/23510/.
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The aim of this research was to produce reliable and valid new fitness assessments utilising both gas exchange kinetics and sport specific field testing for the determination of fitness in elite athletic groups. A series of studies were conducted on both track runners and soccer players to examine the usefulness of maximal, submaximal and sport specific procedures. The physiological measurements utilisedin this research were: gas exchange kinetics, maximum aerobic power (VO2 max), anaerobic threshold and a soccer specific fitness test. The research developed new procedures and modified existing protocols to challenge athletes appropriately in the examination of relevant athletic performance indicators. For the determination of test reliability and validity, test-retest analysis was performed and cross-sectional comparisons were made between performers of both different standards of performance and event specialisms. The submaximal gas exchange kinetics test enabled the differentiation of elite sprinters from elite endurance runners. A test-retest reliability study of that procedure revealed high test variability (measurement error range: 18 - 35%), possibly due to breath-by-breath fluctuations. The development of a mean response time through a mathematical modelling technique improved the confidence in this procedure (test-retest measurement error: 16%) and produced a single, overall, measurement to enhance the future application of the procedure for the assessment of aerobic fitness in different population groups. Nevertheless, relatively high test-retest variability remains a feature of the test. Further research examined the validity of standard laboratory and sport specific measurements in the determination of training status in professional soccer players. Maximal aerobic power was shown to be unaffected by short-term (5 weeks) changes in training status (63.3 +/-5.8 ml-kg-1min-1 and 62.1 +/-4.9 ml-kg-1min-1) , questioning the relevance of this measurement to routine assessment of fitness and training status. Conversely, the soccer specific fitness test enabled the differentiation between soccer players performing at differentstandards where there was no difference in estimated VO2 max, however there was norelationship between V02 max and the soccer test which questions the validity of the new field test. Nevertheless, it is possible that this result reflects a greater sensitivity of the new test to detect soccer specific differences in the fitness of soccer players. In conclusion, the research has demonstrated that gas exchange kinetics test has limited use for the identification of aerobic fitness in elite athletes. Future investigations might clarify the relationship between the soccer specific fitness test and match performance.
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Fuentes, Raul, and Joar Svensson. "An examination of the role of sport-trait anxiety and rumination in the relationship between mindfulness and performance." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-41713.
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Syftet med den föreliggande studien var att undersöka rollen av prestationsångest och ältande mellan dispositionell mindfulness och självskattad prestation. Det var totalt 53 idrottare (22 kvinnor, 31 män; Målder = 29.32, SD = 12.28 år) från 18 olika idrotter som deltog i studien. Studien var av kvantitativ longitudinell design (tre tillfällen under en fyra veckors period) där den oberoende variabeln, den beroende variabeln och två möjliga mediatorer undersöktes med hjälp av Athletic Mindfulness Questionnaire, Sport Performance Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale-2, och Rumination Reflection Questionnaire. Resultaten visade ingen signifikant indirekt effekt av dispositionell mindfulness på självskattad prestation genom varken ältande eller prestationsångest. Resultaten indikerar att ältande och prestationsångest inte medierar förhållandet mellan dispositionell mindfulness och självskattad prestation i det undersökta urvalet. Det diskuteras att mindfulness ändrar förhållandet idrottaren har med ångesten istället för att sänka den upplevda nivån av ångest. Forskning om ältande som en mediator mellan mindfulness och prestation diskuteras som sällsynt, vilket kan göra kunskapen om förhållandet otillräckligt för att göra några bestämda uttalanden. Resultaten bör tolkas med försiktighet med tanke på att undersökningen gjordes på en heterogen grupp av idrottare med en subjektiv mått av prestation. Vidare forskning bör fokusera på en bestämd grupp och använda mer objektiva mått på prestation, samt använda ett idrottsspecifik instrument för att mäta ältande. Nyckelord: prestationsångest, dispositionell mindfulness, idrottsprestation, idrottare<br>The purpose of this study was to examine the role of sport-trait anxiety and rumination in the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and self-assessed performance. A total of 53 athletes (22 women, 31 men; Mage = 29.32, SD = 12.28 years) from 18 different sports participated. A quantitative longitudinal design (three-time measures within a four-week period) was conducted wherein the independent and dependent variables, as well as the two potential mediators were measured using Athletic Mindfulness Questionnaire, Sport Performance Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale-2, and Rumination Reflection Questionnaire. The results showed no significant indirect effect of dispositional mindfulness on self-assessed performance through neither sporttrait anxiety nor rumination. These findings indicate that sport-trait anxiety and rumination do not mediate the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and self-assessed performance in the examined sample. Mindfulness is discussed as altering the athlete’s relationship with anxiety rather than lowering the perceived levels of anxiety. Since research on rumination as a mediator between mindfulness and performance is very scarce, the knowledge about the relationship might be insufficient to make any decisive statements. Findings are to be taken with caution given the heterogeneous sample of athletes considered and the use of a subjective measure of performance. Further research should focus on a more targeted group and use a more objective performance measure, as well as a sport-specific rumination scale. Keywords: sport-specific anxiety, dispositional mindfulness, athletic performance, athlete
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Mxunyelwa, Siyabonga. "The socio-cultural impacts of sport events tourism on selected local communities in East London, with specific reference to the Spec-Savers Ironman South Africa Triathlon." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2120.
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Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Events Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011.<br>In recent years, events have shown rapid growth as types of attraction within
destinations, with such events creating a favourable image of a host
destination, expanding the traditional tourist season, spreading tourist demand
more evenly through an area and attracting foreign and domestic visitors
(Keyser, 2002:18). As such, events are starting to become an established
element and major part of tourism growth and marketing strategies.
East London (in the Eastern Cape, South Africa) has hosted a number of
successful events (Buffalo City Tourism, 2010) however no known social
impact studies related to the community of East London are known to have
been conducted. The purpose of this study was to address this gap and to
evaluate the social impacts of events tourism on the East London community.
The overall research question in this study was, What are the socio-cultural
impacts of events tourism on East London? This was a quantitative study that utilised a survey to collect the data. The
sampling frame was the community at the Spec-Savers Ironman South Africa
Triathlon 2010 held in East London. Potential participants were included in the
sample through utilising a random sampling method. The research instrument
consisted of four sections, namely demographic profiling (age, gender, race,
marital status, education and income), overall event impact perceptions,
reasons for spectator participation, and the social impact perceptions of the
respondents. The event attendees were interviewed. No incentive was offered
for participation, and participants were assured of the confidentiality of their
responses.
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Bennett, Angela. "Examining How Specific Involvement Opportunities Influence the Sport Commitment Type of Masters Swimmers: Differences in Number, Strength, and Direction of Associations to Functional and Obligatory Commitment." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31861.
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This thesis aimed to: (a) design a factorially valid survey to assess sub-themes relating to ‘involvement opportunities’ (IOs), which are an antecedent variable in the sport commitment model (Wilson et al., 2004); (b) examine the placement of enjoyment alongside IOs in the sport commitment model; (c) determine the pathways (i.e., direct and/or indirect) by which specific IOs sub-themes affect functional and obligatory commitment and if they differ in number, strength and direction of association (Choosakul et al., 2009); and (d) examine differences between recent initiates compared to those who have been more continuously involved (Chu & Wang, 2012) in Masters swimming. Based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of survey data from 725 swimmers (260 males, 465 females, M age = 50.5, range = 25-92), results confirmed a 10 factor solution of IOs sub-themes. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that the number, direction, and strength of associations between specific IOs sub-themes and commitment vary depending on commitment type, as do the nature of direct and indirect pathways affecting commitment. Invariance testing showed recent initiates and continuously-involved swimmers to be invariant across measurement and structural models. Overall, results support the need to measure and assess IOs at the level of the sub-theme and to consider a bi-dimensional (Santi et al., 2014; Wilson et al., 2004) sport commitment model.
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Myers, Breanna. "Effects of Ingesting Fat Free and Low Fat Chocolate Milk After Resistance Training on Exercise Performance." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3620.
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Collegiate athletes are always looking for ways to improve their performance. Resistance training has been incorporated into most collegiate athletic programs for this very reason. In order to improve strength, lean body mass, and exercise performance, resistance exercise and timely protein ingestion must be followed. Incorporating protein ingestion into a resistance training routine has been shown to improve net protein balance. Milk protein is gaining popularity as an ergogenic aid. There has been growing interest in the potential use of bovine milk (cow’s milk) as an exercise beverage, especially during recovery from resistance training and endurance sports. No studies have been conducted comparing fat free chocolate milk and low fat chocolate milk on muscular strength and body composition in collegiate softball players.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether fat free chocolate milk and low fat chocolate milk ingested after resistance exercise improves common performance assessments of collegiate softball players. Specifically, the performance assessments were the vertical jump test, 20-yard sprint, and the agility t-test. The participants were randomized according to strength and bodyweight, in a double blind experimental design. The 18 female, collegiate softball players (18.5 ± .7 yrs; 65.7 ± 1.8
inches; 156.2 ± 21.6 kg) ingested either fat free chocolate milk or low fat chocolate milk immediately after resistance exercise workouts for an 8-week period. Dependent variables included vertical jump test, 20-yard sprint test and agility t-test. The data was analyzed via a paired samples t-test (to detect difference across both groups over the eight week training period) and an independent samples t-test (to detect differences between the groups) using SPSS for Windows 15.0. No statistically significant differences were found in the vertical jump, 20 yard sprint, or agility t-test between the fat free chocolate milk group and the low fat chocolate milk group.
The major, statistical, finding of this study is that the consumption of commercially available fat free chocolate milk versus low fat chocolate milk drink does not produce improvements in exercise performance in conjunction with an eight week periodized, resistance training program in collegiate softball players. The difference of 10 grams of fat (two servings per container) did not alter any of the performance variables (20 yard sprint, vertical jump or agility t-test).
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Owens, Ethan Monroe. "Use of Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull to Determine Asymmetrical Strength Differences in NCAA D-I Athletes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1370.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of isometric mid-thigh pulls to determine lower-limb asymmetrical strength differences in NCAA D-I athletes. Sixty-six subjects (40 males and 26 females) performed 2 maximal effort isometric pulls over two force plates sampling at 1000 Hz each. Peak force was scaled for body weight, and rate of force development was examined from 0-200ms. Results of the study show subjects' produced significantly greater scaled force with the left leg as compared to the right leg; however, no significant differences existed for rate of force development (RFD). Men exhibited significant differences between both scaled peak force and RFD, while women only showed significant differences in scaled peak force. Of the 66 subjects tested, 6 subjects (5 men and 1 woman) exhibited percent differences of 15% or greater asymmetry for scaled peak force. The results indicate that isometric mid-thigh pulls are a way to show the presence of asymmetries in D-I athletes.
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Dykema, Ellie. "Performance development of adolescent athletes : a Mindfulness - Acceptance - Commitment (MAC) approach." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43328.
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This study explored the subjective interpretations of five adolescent athletes who
experienced a sport-specific version of the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment
(MAC) approach. The MAC approach is an alternative sport psychology intervention
to more traditional control-driven approaches, such as Psychological Skills Training
(PST). An in-depth qualitative study was conducted at the High Performance Centre
(hpc) of the University of Pretoria (UP). The sport-specific MAC programme was
developed for the sport of athletics. The programme was facilitated to five
adolescent athletes who participate in the sport of athletics. Semi-structured
interviews were conducted after the participants experienced the programme. The
interviews were based on written reflections provided by participants during the
programme. The research position for this study was phenomenology, and
specifically Interpretive Phenomenology (IP). Interpretive Phenomenological
Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the material. The results revealed that there was
only one theme that was common to all five participants. Furthermore, the results
portrayed diversity amongst the participant experiences and subjectivity in their
interpretations of the MAC approach. The results displayed how some themes are
consistent with MAC-related literature, and how other themes contradict the
literature. Additionally, some themes have not been reported in MAC literature
before. Thus, the study contributed to the expansion of literature on the MAC
approach.<br>Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.<br>lk2014<br>Psychology<br>MA<br>Unrestricted
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Carvalhal, Maria Isabel Martins Mourão. "Efeito da interacção das variáveis sócio-culturais, biológicas e motoras na prestação das habilidades corrida, lançamento, salto e pontapé em crianças de 7 e 8 anos de idade." Phd thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTAD-Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29193.
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Sousa, Agostinho Costa. "Contributo para a compreensão das condições de sucesso académico em jovens do concelho de Ponte de Lima." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29259.
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Podlesnigg, Clara. "Finns det hopp för höjdhopperska? : Användning av och attityder till könsspecifika och könsövergripande atletbenämningar i svenskan och tyskan." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-84930.
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I denna uppsats behandlas fragan om hur kvinnliga atleter benämns i svenskan och tyskan och vilka attityder de olika sprakbrukarna har till könsövergripande och könsspecifika atletbenämningar. Dessutom behandlas fragan om vilket samband som finns mellan användningen av antingen könsspecifika eller könsövergripande atletbenämningar och idéer om jämställdhet mellan könen. Utifran dessa frageställningar genomfördes en kvantitativ studie om användningen av och attityder till könsspecifika och könsövergripande atletbenämningar i svenskan och tyskan. Jämförelsen med tyskan gjordes pa grund av min egen sprakliga bakgrund samt pa grund av att könsspecifika personbenämningar, i motsats till det svenska spraket, är väl etablerade i tyskan. Studiens resultat visade att svensksprakiga snarare använder könsövergripande atletbenämningar medan tysksprakiga informanter snarare använder könsspecifika. Hos bada informantgrupperna var det dock omkring en fjärdedel som använde de motsatta former av benämningarna. Resultatet angaende sambandet mellan sprakbruket och idéer om jämställdhet visade att en stor del av de tysksprakiga informanterna inte tyckte att användningen av könsspecifika benämningar främjade jämställdheten mellan könen. De flesta svensksprakiga informanterna var däremot överens med pastaendet att användningen av könsövergripande atletbenämningar främjar jämställdhet mellan könen.
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Andersson, Nathalie. "I frysboxen : Hur bevakningen av dam- och herridrott skiljer sig åt." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22126.
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Jag har undersökt hur kvinnliga respektive manliga idrottare presenteras i tre olika medieformer under en vecka i april 2016, datumen 18–24 april för att vara exakt. De tre olika medierna jag använt mig av är SVT:s Sportnytt, tidningen Expressens sportbilaga i pappersform samt webbupplagan av tidningen Gefle Dagblads sportsidor, www.gd.se/sport. Jag har använt mig av kvantitativ metod för att procentuellt se skillnaderna mellan könens representation och kvalitativ metod för att se om texter och bilder har tendenser till könsstereotypa framställningar av idrottarna. Resultatet blev att en överhängande majoritet av inslag, artiklar och krönikor skrivs av manliga journalister och tillägnas manliga idrottare samt att kvinnor och män beskrivs på olika sätt i texter och rubriker. När det gäller det visuella finns en tydlig tendens att i artiklar med kvinnliga idrottare är bilderna ofta porträttbilder eller miljöbilder, med manliga idrottare är bilderna situationsbilder där de typiska manliga attributen muskelmassa, styrka och snabbhet framhävs. I en värld där männen har dominerat sportens värld i tusentals år har vi fortfarande en lång väg att gå för att nå jämlikhet mellan könen.
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Nixdorf, Insa [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Beckmann, Anne-Marie [Gutachter] Elbe, and Jürgen [Gutachter] Beckmann. "From a first insight to a deeper knowledge of depression in elite athletes : What are the sport-specific risk factors and underlying psychological variables? / Insa Nixdorf ; Gutachter: Anne-Marie Elbe, Jürgen Beckmann ; Betreuer: Jürgen Beckmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1154931609/34.
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Nixdorf, Insa Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Beckmann, Anne-Marie [Gutachter] Elbe, and Jürgen [Gutachter] Beckmann. "From a first insight to a deeper knowledge of depression in elite athletes : What are the sport-specific risk factors and underlying psychological variables? / Insa Nixdorf ; Gutachter: Anne-Marie Elbe, Jürgen Beckmann ; Betreuer: Jürgen Beckmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20180205-1377858-1-0.
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Wragg, Chris. "Trunk muscle fatigue in soccer-specific repeated sprinting." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251744.
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Freitas, Duarte Luís de. "Crescimento somático, maturação biológica, aptidão física, actividade física e estatuto sócio-económico de crianças e adolescentes madeirenses-o estudo de crescimento da Madeira." Phd thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física, 2001. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29476.
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Tumosaitė, Lina. "Sportiniuose šokiuose įgytos patirties ypatumai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080618_120344-56586.
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Darbe tyrimo objektu pasirinkti šie šokėjų patirties aspektai susiję su tapatybės formavimusi, iniciatyvumu, bendraisiais gebėjimai, gebėjimai dirbti komandoje, tarpasmeniniai santykiai, bendravimas su suaugusiais, o taip pat trenerio bei kitų sportininkų neigiama įtaka.
Tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti sportiniuose šokiuose įgytos patirties ypatumus.
Tyrimo uždaviniai:
1. Išsiaiškinti teigiamus sportiniuos šokiuose įgytos patirties ypatumus pagal lytį.
2. Išsiaiškinti teigiamus sportiniuose šokiuose įgytos patirties ypatumus pagal šokėjų sportinę patirtį.
3. Išsiaiškinti teigiamus sportiniuose šokiuose įgytos patirties ypatumus pagal šokėjų amžių
4. Išsiaiškinti neigiamus sportiniuose šokiuose įgytos patirties ypatumus lyties, sportinės patirties ir amžiaus aspektu.
Tyrime dalyvavo 63 sportinius šokius kultivuojantys asmenys. Tarp jų buvo 33 merginos ir 30 vaikinų. Vidutinis apklaustų šokėjų amžius – 14,2 metai, o sportinius šokius šoka vidutiniškai 10,66 metus. Apklausai parinkti šokėjai, kurie yra įtraukti į Lietuvos sportinių šokių federacijos skelbiamą reitingų lentelę (B, C ir D meistriškumo klasės).
Sportiniuose šokiuose įgyta patirtis buvo tiriama naudojant Jaunimo Patirties Skalę (Youth Experience Scale). Joje buvo pateikti 78 teiginiai. Klausime pateikti teiginiai apėmė šešis faktorius: tapatybės formavimasis, iniciatyvumas, bendrieji gebėjimai, komandinis darbas ir gebėjimas bendrauti, tarpasmeniniai santykiai, o taip pat neigiama patirti. kiekvieną faktorių sudarė... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>In this paper as an investigative object various aspects of dancers' experience were chosen.They are associated with formation of personality, initiative, general abilities, abilities of working in a team, interpersonal relationships, communication with adults, as well as negative influence of trainers and other dancers.
Aim of the research is to find peculiarities of experience in sport dances.
Tasks of the research are to:
1. Find out positive peculiarities of experience in sport dances according to sex.
2. Find out positive peculiarities of experience in sport dances according to the dancers' experience in sports.
3. Find out positive peculiarities of experience in sport dances according to dancers' age.
4. Find out negative peculiarities of experience in sport dances according to sex, age and experience in sports.
There were 63 participants in the research, who practice sport dance regularly. There were 33 girls and 30 boys. The average age of the dancers is 14,2 , and the everage length of practice of sport dances is 10,66 years. For this research the dancers who are involved into rankings of Lithuanian dance sport federation(B, C and D skills classes) were chosen.
The experience of sport dance was investigated using the Youth Experience Scale. There were given 78 propositions in that scale. The propositions in the question comprised six factors: formation of personality, initiative, general abilities, abilities working in a team, interpersonal relationships... [to full text]
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Blasko, Ioanna. "Nomen est omen. Zum Gendern im Bereich des Sportes am Beispiel von Frauenfußball und Fußball in der Online-Zeitschrift Zeit Online." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för moderna språk, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-431937.
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Kivijärvi, Per. "Språket i ämnet idrott och hälsa : Hur främjas lärandet?" Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4536.
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Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med studien är att undersöka språket, i allmänhet, som en lärare i idrott och hälsa använder sig av och i synnerhet språket hen använder för att främja lärandet. Följande frågeställningar ställs: Vilka ord och fraser används i den formativa bedömningen under lektionerna? och Förankrar läraren i idrott och hälsa sina uppmuntringsord till vad det är eleven gör bra och isåfall, på vilket sätt? Metod Studiens ansats är kvalitativ och har karaktären av en fallstudie på fält. Metoden för att samla in data är ljudinspelning i kombination med observation. Allt en lärare i idrott och hälsa sade under två lektioner med två årskurs sexor, spelades in, samtidigt som undertecknad satt vid sidan av och observerade aktiviteterna. Urvalet skedde genom kontakt med en person som undertecknad lärt känna på högskolan och som nu jobbar som lärare i idrott och hälsa på mellanstadiet. Resultat Läraren i idrott och hälsa förankrar oftast inte uppmuntringsorden till vad eleverna gör bra eller behöver förbättra, men det händer ibland. När läraren förankrar sina uppmuntringsord till vad eleverna gör bra i den formativa bedömningen under lektionerna är läraren specifik, tar mer tid på sig och förklarar med ord och fraser som "bra, du gör det där jättebra.." och förklarar sedan vad som görs bra eller "bra, men tänk på att.." och så vidare. Under lektionerna ägnar läraren också mycket tid åt att "agera vårdcentral" för elever som har ont någonstans, samtidigt som de förklarar för dem att de kan delta efter förmåga. Slutsats Studien av enskild lärare visar att läraren i idrott och hälsa till största del använder språket för att motivera, engagera och sporra sina elever. Det finns enstaka tillfällen under lektionerna där läraren använder språket för att främja lärandet och ger specifik återkoppling till eleverna kring vad de gör bra eller behöver förbättra. En utveckling av språket i ämnet idrott och hälsa skulle kunna vara ett steg mot att tydliggöra och främja lärandet hos eleverna samt startskottet för en etablering av ämnet som ett bildningsämne.
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Castor, Thomas Scott. "Presidents’ Perceptions of Alcohol Policies for College Sporting Events." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1596800259420003.
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Olausson, David, and Jansson Jasper Vallmark. "Emotion, concentration and performance in a Swedish female handball team : Development and implementation of the team specific instrument." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-24880.
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The present study is a mixed method longitudinal design, containing three objectives. Object one was to develop a team-specific survey instrumentin order to measure emotion, concentration and performance during a game. Object two was to examine the dynamics of emotion, concentration and performance in successful and less successful games. Object three was to study the relationship between emotion, concentration and performance in successful and less successful games. The participants (n= 15, age= 22.8) in the study consisted of 15 women, all players in the same elite handball team.Qualitative data was obtained by two workshops in order to construct the instrument. Quantitative data was collected after games, using the team specific instrument. The study includes data over a six game period containing four successful games and two less successful games. Results showed a significant difference between successful and less successful games regarding all three variables measured. Both positive and negative relationships were found. The results also showed different relationships regarding successful and less successful games. Several practical team-specific applications were suggested, such as working with emotional regulation to enhance performance. Investigating if athletes are more prone to be influenced emotionally by their performance when performing poorlyis one of several suggestions proposed for future directions.
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Larsson, Oliver. "Correlations of force, velocity and power in a golf specific rotational test and total driving in young elite golfers." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33902.
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Whiton, Tara K., Asher Flynn, Caleb D. Bazyler, Brad H. DeWeese, Michael H. Stone, and Kimitake Sato. "Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation May Produce Marginal Reductions in Task-Specific Muscular Soreness in Collegiate Distance Runners." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3831.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of BCAA on perception of muscular soreness in collegiate distance runners. METHODS: 8 collegiate distance runners (men n=4, women n=4) took BCAA supplement (SUP) (0.08g/kg) or placebo (PLA) daily for 6 weeks, alternating conditions week to week. Each morning prior to their training session, athletes filled out a 10-point scale Soreness Chart in which they rated soreness levels for each major lower extremity muscle group on both anterior (ANT) and posterior (POST) body segments where 1= no pain at all and 10= excruciating pain. Responses were totaled for each condition (SUP or PLA) and body segment (ANT or POST). Data were analyzed using paired-samples T-tests to compare soreness levels between PLA and SUP weeks. The alpha criterion was set to p
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Flynn, A., Tara K. Whiton, Kimitake Sato, Caleb D. Bazyler, and Michael H. Stone. "Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation May Produce Marginal Reductions in Task-specific Muscular Soreness in Collegiate Distance Runners." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3818.
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Parnell, Scott E., Jayanth Ramadoss, Michael D. Delp, et al. "Chronic Ethanol Increases Fetal Cerebral Blood Flow Specific to the Ethanol-Sensitive Cerebellum Under Normoxaemic, Hypercapnic and Acidaemic Conditions: Ovine Model." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4134.
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Cerebral hypoxia has been proposed as a mechanism by which prenatal ethanol exposure causes fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in children, but no study had tested this hypothesis using a chronic exposure model that mimicks a common human exposure pattern. Pregnant sheep were exposed to ethanol, 0.75 or 1.75 g kg−1 (to create blood ethanol concentrations of 85 and 185 mg dl−1, respectively), or saline 3 days per week in succession (a ‘binge drinking’ model) from gestational day (GD) 109 until GD 132. Fetuses were instrumented on GD 119–120 and studied on GD 132. The 1.75 g kg−1 dose resulted in a significant increase in fetal biventricular output (measured by radiolabelled microsphere technique) and heart rate, and a reduction of mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance at 1 h, the end of ethanol infusion. The arterial partial pressure of CO2 was increased, arterial pH was decreased and arterial partial pressure of O2 did not change. Fetal whole‐brain blood flow increased by 37% compared with the control group at 1 h, resulting in increased cerebral oxygen delivery. The elevation in brain blood flow was region specific, occurring preferentially in the ethanol‐sensitive cerebellum, increasing by 44% compared with the control group at 1 h. There were no changes in the lower dose group. Assessment of regional differences in the teratogenic effects of ethanol by stereological cell‐counting technique showed a reduced number of cerebellar Purkinje cells in response to the 1.75 g kg−1 dose compared with the control brains. However, no such differences in neuronal numbers were observed in the hippocampus or the olfactory bulb. We conclude that repeated exposure to moderate doses of ethanol during the third trimester alters fetal cerebral vascular function and increases blood flow in brain regions that are vulnerable to ethanol in the presence of acidaemia and hypercapnia, and in the absence of hypoxia.
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Suarez, Dylan G., Satoshi Mizuguchi, William Guy Hornsby, Aaron J. Cunanan, Donald J. Marsh, and Michael H. Stone. "Phase- Specific Changes in Rate of Force Development and Muscle Morphology throughout a Block Periodized Training Cycle in Weightlifters." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6292.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetic and morphological adaptations that occur during distinct phases of a block periodized training cycle in weightlifters. Athlete monitoring data from nine experienced collegiate weightlifters was used. Isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) and ultrasonography (US) results were compared to examine the effects of three specific phases of a training cycle leading up to a competition. During the high volume strength-endurance phase (SE) small depressions in rate of force development (RFD) but statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) increases in vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (CSA), and body mass (BM) were observed. The lower volume higher intensity strength-power phase (SP) caused RFD to rebound above pre-training cycle values despite statistically significant reductions in CSA. Small to moderate increases only in the earlier RFD time bands (<150 >ms) occurred during the peak/taper phase (PT) while CSA and BM were maintained. Changes in IMTP RFD and CSA from US reflected the expected adaptations of block periodized training phases. Changes in early (<100 >ms) and late (≥150 ms) RFD time bands may not occur proportionally throughout different training phases. Small increases in RFD and CSA can be expected in well-trained weightlifters throughout a single block periodized training cycle.
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Derakhti, Mikael. "Very Heavy Resisted Sprint Training for Adolescent Football Players : A training intervention on acceleration, sprint and jump performance in late pubertal adolescent athletes." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-5323.
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Abstract Aim The main purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of a very heavy resisted sprint training regimen and a unresisted sprint training regimen on sprint, acceleration and jump performance in late pubertal adolescent football (soccer) players at mid- to post-PHV and >95% PAH. Method In total 27 male football players were recruited as volunteer participants. The participants had no previous experience with resisted sprint training. The participants were randomly assigned to either the resisted sprint (RST) (n=9) or unresisted sprint (UST) (n=10) training group. However, the grouping was matched based on the force-velocity (F-v) profiling. A control group (i.e. TAU group n=8) was matched with the experimental groups based on age and anthropometrics. The training was done twice a week for four weeks, consisting of either resisted or unresisted sprints. 24 of the original 27 participants could later be included for statistical analysis. During intervention the TAU group performed the regular team training with no additional stimuli from the researchers. Anthropometrics, sprint, acceleration and jump performance testing was tested pre- and post-training intervention. Results The four-week training intervention resulted in significant improvements of sprint- and acceleration for the RST-group. The improvements were 3,8% (±0.05) in T30, 4,2% (±0.06) in T20, 5,7% (±0.06) in T10, and 7,9% (±0.06) in the T5. The RST and UST groups also had significant improvements in both vertical and horizontal jump performance. Further there were several significant between group changes in both sprint and jump performance favoring the RST group over both the UST and TAU groups. Conclusion The conclusions are that in this population a very heavy RST regimen elicits improvements in sprint and acceleration performance whilst a UST regimen does not. Further, both the RST- and UST- training regimens elicit improvements in both vertical and horizontal jump performance. The improvements of the present study follow the pattern of previous studies in the field indicating a greater horizontal force generating ability. However, the improvements in the present study are larger than previously seen, indicating that this type of training might be extra beneficial to enhance sprint and jump performance in late pubertal adolescent athletes. The findings of the present study also contradict the typical recommendations of using light resistance loads (i.e. the 10% rule) when it comes to RST. Heavier loads, as in this case 103,5% of body weight on average, can indeed be used to produce sprint and acceleration gains in a late pubertal adolescent athlete population. The improvement in these short sprints (5-30m) versus the eventual performance decrease in longer sprints 40-70m (e.g. due to less effective maximal velocity phase) is a trade off which logically should be worthwhile for team sport athletes.<br>Abstrakt Syfte Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna studie var att undersöka och jämföra effekterna av väldigt tungt belastad sprintträning och obelastad sprintträning på sprint-, acceleration och hopprestation hos unga fotbollsspelare i sena tonåren som ligger på en mognadsgrad av ”mid- post-PHV” samt >95% PAH. Metod Totalt 27 fotbollsspelare rekryterades som frivilliga deltagare. Deltagarna hade ingen tidigare erfarenhet av belastad sprintträning. Deltagarna blev slumpmässigt indelade till antingen den belastade (RST) eller den obelastade (UST) träningsgruppen. Dock skedde grupperingen med deltagarnas kraft- hastighetsprofilering som bas, då grupperna blev matchade efter denna. Kontrollgruppen (TAU n=8) matchades med experimentgrupperna efter ålder och antropometri. Träningen bestod av väldigt tungt belastad eller obelastad sprintträning och utfördes två gånger i veckan under fyra veckor. 24 av de initialt 27 deltagarna kunde inkluderas för vidare analys. Under interventionen genomförde TAU den vanliga lagträningen utan ytterligare träningsstimuli från forskarna. Antropometri, sprint, acceleration och hopprestation testades före respektive efter interventionen. Resultat Den fyra veckor långa träningsinterventionen resulterade i signifikanta förbättringar i sprint och acceleration för RST-gruppen. Förbättringarna var 3,8% (±0.05) i T30, 4,2% (±0.06) i T20, 5,7% (±0.06) i T10, och 7,9% (±0.06) i T5. RST och UST grupperna hade också signifikanta förbättringar i både vertikal och horisontell hopprestation. Vidare fanns det flera signifikanta mellangruppsskillnader i både sprint- och hopprestation till fördel för RST gruppen över både UST och TAU grupperna. Konklusion Konklusionen är att ett väldigt tungt RST-träningsprogram framkallar signifikanta förbättringar i både sprint, acceleration och hopprestation medan ett UST-träningsprogram inte gör det. Vidare kan konkluderas att både ett RST- och ett UST-träningsprogram signifikant förbättrar både vertikal och horisontell hopprestationen. Förbättringarna följer mönstret från tidigare studier på området och indikerar en större horisontell kraftproduktion. Dock är förbättringarna större än vad som tidigare observerats vilket indikerar att denna typ av träning kan vara extra förtjänstfull för denna population. Resultaten motsäger även den typiska rekommendationen kring lätta vikter (dvs. 10% regeln) vid belastad sprintträning. Tyngre belastning, som i detta fall i genomsnitt 103,5% av kroppsvikten, kan användas för att producera sprint- och accelerationsförbättringar i denna population. Förbättringen av denna typ av korta sprinter (5-30m) gentemot den eventuella prestationsförsämringen i längre sprinter (40-70m) torde vara ett byte som är värt att göra för lagidrottare.
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Enstedt, Gustav. "Damsport och sport : En diakron studie om könsmarkering i introduktionen av sportnyheter på TV och radio." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-41864.
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Denna uppsats undersöker könsmarkering i introduktionen av sportnyheter. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka om och i vilken utsträckning könsmarkering med dam och herr används i introduktionen av sportnyheter, alltså om nyheten är tydlig med om det handlar om dam- respektive herrsport. Fokus kommer ligga på om, och i så fall hur, könsmarkering för kvinnor och män används i språket. Uppsatsen kommer även undersöka om det finns någon skillnad ur ett historiskt perspektiv samt om nyheten presenteras på TV eller på radio. Metoden för analys av det insamlade materialet har varit genom observation av sportnyheter på TV och radio där det har antecknats vad nyheten handlade om och dam eller herr eller ingen könsmarkering användes. Resultatet visar att den procentuella andel könsmarkering i damsportnyheter har varit väsentligt mycket högre än könsmarkering i herrsportnyheter historiskt men att det har minskat över tid. Idag sker könsmarkering främst i radio om damsportnyheter.