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Journal articles on the topic 'Sporting officials'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 January 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kittel, Aden, Paul Larkin, Nathan Elsworthy, and Michael Spittle. "Video-based testing in sporting officials: A systematic review." Psychology of Sport and Exercise 43 (July 2019): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2019.03.013.

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Mulholland, Anne M., Hayley V. MacDonald, Nicholas T. Barefoot, and Jonathan E. Wingo. "Fatal and Non-Fatal Illness and Injury in Sporting Officials." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 54, no. 9S (2022): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000883156.84317.32.

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Kittel, Aden, Ian Cunningham, Paul Larkin, Matthew Hawkey, and Geraldine Rix-Lièvre. "Decision-making training in sporting officials: Past, present and future." Psychology of Sport and Exercise 56 (September 2021): 102003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102003.

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Titlebaum, Peter J., Nichole Haberlin, and Garrett Titlebaum. "Recruitment and Retention of Sports Officials." Recreational Sports Journal 33, no. 2 (2009): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/rsj.33.2.102.

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Sabaini (2001) states that “virtually everyone with an interest in improving the numbers and quality of officials must become involved in recruitment and retention” (12). Once standards are set for recruiting and retaining hardworking, positive, and honest officials, management must find ways to evaluate and reward those officials to uphold the accountability of each individual performance at any sporting event. Managers need to reevaluate who, what, when, and where they are recruiting. They must be able to create clear, measurable, and significant goals for current officials such as making ex

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Teichler, Hans Joachim, and Ronald Huster. "Sportpolitische Konflikte zwischen der DDR und der UdSSR." STADION 48, no. 2 (2024): 233–60. https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2024-2-233.

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Following the example of the Soviet Union, East Germany tried to show the superiority of its system through its sporting successes. The sporting ‘apprentice’ of the 1950s became the model student and by the 1970s a serious sporting competitor. At the beginning of the 1980s East Germany drew level with the Soviet Union and even threatened to overtake her in competitive success. This sporting rivalry climaxed when the Soviet Union endeavoured to become an equal partner in organizing the Friedensfahrt (the cycling race for peace). On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the victory over Nazi G

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Tingle, Jacob K., Stacy Warner, and Melanie L. Sartore-Baldwin. "The Experience of Former Women Officials and the Impact on the Sporting Community." Sex Roles 71, no. 1-2 (2014): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0366-8.

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Robidoux, Michael A. "Narratives of Race Relations in Southern Alberta: An Examination of Conflicting Sporting Practices." Sociology of Sport Journal 21, no. 3 (2004): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.21.3.287.

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In March 2001 a minor hockey league in southern Alberta (Foothills Hockey) voted in favor of banning a local First Nations Hockey Association (Kainai Minor Hockey) from league play as a result of various violations committed by officials, players, and parents over the course of the season. Since that time hockey and recreation officials from Kainai have been attempting to get Kanai Minor Hockey reinstated into the league but have, up until this point, been unsuccessful. This article explores the exclusionary practices that led to the removal of Kainai from organized youth hockey and examines t

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Liston, Katie, and Joseph Maguire. "State formation, diplomacy and sport: the British Empire Games, Ireland and Northern Ireland, 1930–38." Irish Historical Studies 48, no. 173 (2024): 142–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ihs.2024.20.

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AbstractThis paper considers the interconnected practices of state formation, diplomacy, national identity and sport through an examination of ‘Irish’ involvement in the British Empire Games of 1930, 1934 and 1938. These events had a contradictory role in bolstering diplomatic relations between those who were committed to the empire but also in expressing the aspirations of those who sought independence from it, or a distinct identity within it. State formation and diplomacy played out in sporting contexts — which we term sportcraft — and this process was especially complex in post-partition I

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Zare, Fateme, and Gábor Géczi. "Perceived Effects of Olympic Success on International Policies and Prestige: A Case Study of Sports Actors from Iran." Athens Journal of Sports 9, no. 4 (2022): 231–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajspo.9-4-3.

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For some nations where these events cannot be facilitated, Olympic success would be more significant. Governments often believe that winning medals enhances their image globally, which is their reason to invest and intervene in elite sports. Based on this belief, the researchers tried to determine how sports actors perceive the relationship between elite sporting success and prestige and its reflection on their related policies. To achieve this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with Iranian sports officials and sport managers in charge of elite sports. The results identified f

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Davis, Amira Rose. "Sporting Revolutions: The 1970s and the Making of Modern College Athletics." Modern American History 7, no. 2 (2024): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mah.2024.34.

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At the beginning of the 1970s, college sports were on turbulent ground. “Colleges prepare for the impact of rising costs and more campus unrest,” warned the New York Times. The Los Angeles Times was a bit blunter in its prognosis, reporting that “like housewives everywhere, athletic directors of the nation's colleges [were] having budget trouble.” National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Executive Director, Walter Byers, warned of “cadres of disgruntled athletes,” demanding rights, money, and control. Byers was also troubled by Title IX, the new educational amendment mandating gender e

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Bulsara, Caroline. "Study of the recruitment and retention of medical officers to Australian Football League clubs in Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 16, no. 2 (2010): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py09021.

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The problems for Australian Football League clubs in accessing medical services during the football season in Australia are escalating. This study surveyed medical officers, club officials and Sports Medicine Australia members nationally. Issues for all those involved were explored and any difficulties highlighted in regard to the reasons why doctors were reluctant to provide services to this sporting group. Overall, 132 Sports Medicine Australia members responded to the survey. In addition, 53 medical officers and 28 club officials were surveyed by telephone. This study revealed that there wa

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Blaszka, Matthew, Lauren M. Burch, Evan L. Frederick, Galen Clavio, and Patrick Walsh. "#WorldSeries: An Empirical Examination of a Twitter Hashtag During a Major Sporting Event." International Journal of Sport Communication 5, no. 4 (2012): 435–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.5.4.435.

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Sport organizations, teams, and athletes are growing constituencies that use socialmedia platforms such as Facebook and Twitter to engage in dialogue with their respective audiences. The purpose of this study was to examine Twitter hashtag use during a major sporting event. Specifically, this study analyzed #WorldSeries during the 2011 World Series. The study employed a content-analysis methodology to determine who was using the hashtag and how it was being used. Using systematic sampling, 1,450 tweets were analyzed. The results demonstrated that #WorldSeries was being used predominantly by la

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Olapade-Olaopa, E. Oluwabunmi, Temitope O. Alonge, Simbo D. Amanor-Boadu, et al. "On-Site Physicians at a Major Sporting Event in Nigeria." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 21, no. 01 (2006): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00003307.

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AbstractIntroduction:Although the need for on-site physicians at mass gatherings has been investigated in developed countries, it has not been studied in a developing country, where resources are limited, paramedical services are unavailable, and transportation and other facilities are inadequate.Hypothesis:The presence of on-site physicians would result in the effective management and prehospital care of casualties at mass gatherings or major sporting events in a developing country.Methods:A retrospective review of the planning procedures and medical records of the 19th Nigerian University ga

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RENIȚĂ, Gheorghe. "Agravarea răspunderii în cazul infracțiunii de manipulare a unui eveniment potrivit Codului Penal al Republicii Moldova." Analele Universitării din București Drept - Forum Juridic 1, no. 2023 (2023): 108–20. https://doi.org/10.31178/aubd-fj.2023.01.09.

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In the Republic of Moldova, the act of manipulating an event constitutes a crime and is punished according to the Criminal Code. The liability is aggravated if the offense in question is committed by a coach, an agent of the athlete, a member of the jury, a sports club owner or a person who is a member of the management of a sports organization. People who have one of these special qualities are generically considered „officials”. These people could easily manipulate a sporting or other event that offers betting opportunities. In this study, the particularities of the aggravation of criminal l

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Jacobs, Brittany L., Claire C. Zvosec, and Brent D. Oja. "Navigating Role Ambiguity & Conflict: Exploring the Role of the Referee Within the Olympic Sporting Structure." Journal of Amateur Sport 5, no. 2 (2019): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jas.v5i2.7572.

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This phenomenological study seeks to better understand the role of the referee in the Olympic sporting structure and to deconstruct the apparent dichotomies that exist within this role. Eleven rugby sevens referees each completed a pre and post interview for a total of twenty-two interviews. From the data, four sources of role ambiguity or conflict emerged; (1) remaining unnoticed vs. media exposure; (2) the team vs. individualistic nature of officiating; (3) being a judge vs. being an athlete, and (4) amateurism vs. professionalism. This study discusses how these dichotomies highlight the maj

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Schneider, Friedemann, Armin Runer, Francesco Burkert, et al. "Digital Workout Versus Team Training: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Athletes." Sports Medicine International Open 6, no. 01 (2022): E18—E24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1734-5457.

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sport practice and to identify measures adopted by individuals and sports organizations to allow a safe return to community sports. An electronic survey was launched worldwide in June 2020 in the German and English languages. The questionnaire collected anonymous data on sporting activity before, during, and after pandemic-induced confinement. Participants classified themselves as either recreational, competitive, or professional sports level athletes. A total of 1336 adults (30.5±11.7 years; 54.0% women) partic

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Wann, Daniel L., and Michelle R. Sherman. "The Verbal Aggression of Spectators at Youth Baseball Games: Investigating the Impact of Competition Level, Team Identification, and Fan Dysfunction." Journal of Amateur Sport 5, no. 1 (2019): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jas.v5i1.6761.

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Previous research had found that level of team identification was positively associated with aggression at youth sporting events (Wann, Weaver, Belva, Ladd, & Armstrong, 2015). The current investigation was designed to extend this work by incorporating fan dysfunction into the model (i.e., fans who are confrontational and frequently complain). Spectators at either a recreational or select (i.e., travel) youth baseball game completed a survey packet assessing demographics, team identification with their favorite Major League Baseball team, identification with the youth team, fan dysfunction

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KURBАNIУАZОV, RАSHIDBЕK. "INTERNATIONAL NATURE OF SPORTS TERMINOLOGY." Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 5, no. 4 (2025): 548–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15226859.

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The global nature of sports has led to the widespread adoption and adaptation of specific terminology that transcends linguistic and cultural barriers. Sports terminology, with its roots in international competition and communication, plays a crucial role in fostering understanding and collaboration among athletes, coaches, officials, and fans across the world. The influence of globalization, along with advancements in media and technology, has facilitated the exchange of sports vocabulary across different languages, creating a dynamic and evolving lexicon. This article explores the internatio

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Solomon, Sophia, Sharon Pardo, and Hila Zahavi. "The Maccabiah as a new sports diplomacy instrument." Sports law, policy & diplomacy journal 2, no. 2 (2024): 73–92. https://doi.org/10.30925/slpdj.2.2.4.

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This article examines the Maccabiah Games as a unique case study of new sports diplomacy, analyzing how this non-state sporting event functions as a significant soft power resource for Israel, while operating largely independently of state control and financing. Through analysis of historical documents, legislative frameworks, and policy decisions, we investigate the complex relationship between the Israeli state and the Maccabiah Games, which has evolved since its inception in 1932. We argue that while the Games serve as Israel’s primary sporting diplomatic vehicle and enhance its internation

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Darcy, Simon, Janice Ollerton, and Simone Faulkner. "“Why Can’t I Play?”: Transdisciplinary Learnings for Children with Disability’s Sport Participation." Social Inclusion 8, no. 3 (2020): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v8i3.2750.

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This article explores the constraints to mainstream sports participation of children with disability in community sports clubs and schools through their lived experiences and the perceptions of parents, teachers, coaches, and club officials. It does so by administering an open-ended survey instrument to a sample of participants recruited from schools, sporting facilities, and disability organizations in New South Wales and Victoria, Australia. The data were analysed through a transdisciplinary conceptual framework which brought together the social model of disability (disability studies) with

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Green, Mick. "Power, Policy, and Political Priorities: Elite Sport Development in Canada and the United Kingdom." Sociology of Sport Journal 21, no. 4 (2004): 376–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.21.4.376.

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This article analyzes government and quasigovernmental agencies’ use of “planning dictates” in relationships with national sporting organizations (NSOs) in Canada and national governing bodies (NGBs) of sport in the United Kingdom (UK). Attention is drawn to the asymmetries of power contouring elite sport policy developments in both countries that, though unobservable in an empirical sense, nonetheless warrant investigation. The analysis draws on semistructured, in-depth interviews with key personnel in three Canadian NSOs and three UK NGBs in swimming, athletics, and sailing; senior officials

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Breslin, Gavin, Andy Smith, Brad Donohue, et al. "International consensus statement on the psychosocial and policy-related approaches to mental health awareness programmes in sport." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 5, no. 1 (2019): e000585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000585.

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BackgroundResearch focused on mental health in sport has revealed a need to develop evidence-supported mental health practices that are sensitive to sport culture, particularly for non-elite athletes. A consensus statement was produced to assist effective mental health awareness in sport and guide programme implementation in this rapidly emerging field.MethodThe AGREE Reporting Checklist 2016 was used in two international expert consultation meetings, followed by two online surveys. Experts from 10 countries and over 30 organisations contributed.ResultsSix objectives were agreed: (1) to define

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Smith, Norma. "Technology and Ethical Behavior in Running Sports." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 10, no. 3 (2018): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijskd.2018070102.

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Wearable technologies' popularity in sporting practices continues to grow. Runners use GPS watches and activity trackers to track steps, log miles, map courses, and monitor heart rates. Likewise, wearables are integrated into long distance running events, with race officials relying on technologies to effectively execute events. However, technologies can also enable and monitor cheating. Many studies focusing on the individual explore why cheaters make unethical decisions. Actor-Network Theory shifts cheating's focus from the individual and moral failings to an assemblage that includes not onl

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Sattler, Liz A., Clint Warren, and Rebecca M. Achen. "Conducting a Market-Demand Analysis: A Case Study of Major League Soccer Expansion." Case Studies in Sport Management 6, no. 1 (2017): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/cssm.2017-0018.

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Major League Soccer (MLS) has announced intentions to expand the league from 24 to 28 teams by 2022, with hints of further expansion to come. Expansion will allow the league to capitalize on the growing ticket and merchandise sales in new markets. League officials have 3 major considerations when choosing a city for expansion, which include a committed local ownership group with a passion for soccer and sufficient resources, a desirable geographic market with a history for supporting soccer and other sporting events, and a comprehensive stadium plan. Twelve cities across the country have submi

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Duby, Bryan, and Steve Chen. "Race and Gender Hiring and Expansion of Minority Donor Base in Division-I Athletic Fundraisin." Athens Journal of Sports 10, no. 1 (2023): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajspo.10-1-2.

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The popular press is filled with articles chronicling the challenges that many elite athletes encounter while adapting to life after completing their playing days. Do their organizations and leagues owe them a duty of care and help to ensure they can transfer effectively to a different life and career once their competing days are finished? This paper reviews the literature surrounding this transition. The authors examine the recent literature surrounding high-performance athletes’ challenges during and after their sporting careers end. In addition to documenting the potentially adverse experi

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Waud, Daryl, and W. James Weese. "Does High-Performance Sport have an Obligation to Help Former Athletes with their Career and Life Transition?" Athens Journal of Sports 10, no. 1 (2023): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajspo.10-1-3.

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The popular press is filled with articles chronicling the challenges that many elite athletes encounter while adapting to life after completing their playing days. Do their organizations and leagues owe them a duty of care and help to ensure they can transfer effectively to a different life and career once their competing days are finished? This paper reviews the literature surrounding this transition. The authors examine the recent literature surrounding high-performance athletes’ challenges during and after their sporting careers end. In addition to documenting the potentially adverse experi

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DC, Suman. "Artificial Intelligence in Sport: An Ethical Issue." Unity Journal 3, no. 01 (2022): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/unityj.v3i01.43313.

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Sport technology is the tool designed and used by human beings to achieve sporting goals and values. Induction of technology in sports has revolutionized sport equipment, training materials, and biomedical technology, which have already posed a threat to the fairness in sport (Loland, 2018). Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to a technological system which is applied to process the external data to produce knowledge or facts about that data to fulfill specific goals and tasks in a short span of time (Haenlein & Kaplan, 2019). With the aim of fair operation of the game, administrators of

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Chepkonga, Susan, Kiarie Moses Ndirangu, Anthony K. Sang, and Alexander K. Ronoh. "An Evaluation of Secondary School Principals Leadership Roles and Student Participation in Sporting Activities in Nyandarua County, Kenya." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 11 (2015): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss11.481.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of secondary school principals’ leadership roles in development of students’ non-academic talents in Nyandarua County Kenya. Specifically, this study sought to establish the influence of secondary school principals’ leadership roles on students’ participation in sporting activities in Nyandarua County; whether there a relationship between secondary school principals’ leadership role of preparing school calendar of events and development of learners’ non-academic talents in Nyandarua County; and whether there is a relationship between second

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Rahadian, Adi, Andi Kurniawan Pratama, Asep Ramdan Afriyuandi, et al. "Integration of the National Sports Grand Design Strategy (DBON) in Organizing Sports Events: Case Study of PON XXI ACEH-SUMUT 2024." JUMORA: Jurnal Moderasi Olahraga 4, no. 2 (2024): 254–64. https://doi.org/10.53863/mor.v4i2.1472.

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In every sporting event there is always an event identity that is able to represent the image of the region and country in its implementation. The purpose of this study is to explore the case study of PON XXI 2024 within the framework of achievement development. The method used in this study is a qualitative method. Participants in the study consisted of elite athletes (PON Program), coaches, officials, and sports policy academics with a total of 12 participants. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interviews, document studies. Data analysis techniques used in this

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Fall, Ibrahima, and Mor Gassama. "FANS ZONES: BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES AND THE SPECTATOR EXPERIENCE IN CELEBRATION AREAS FOR MAJOR SPORTING EVENTS IN SENEGAL." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 02 (2025): 1539–48. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20525.

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The organization of fan zones during major sporting events involving the national football team and the consumer experience of the spectators who frequent them are central issues that shape the planning and implementation of these spaces. To gain a comprehensive understanding of these dynamics, a qualitative research methodology was employed, primarily consisting of semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Through this approach, three categories of organizers were identified: commercial companies, public administrations, and local authorities. In practice, fan zones, with their

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Srisiri, Sununta. "The Relationship Between Participant Satisfaction, Perceived Service Quality, and Expenditures in A Sports Event." ACPES Journal of Physical Education, Sport, and Health (AJPESH) 2, no. 1 (2022): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ajpesh.v2i1.56479.

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This research aimed to propose a model for the enhancement of service quality of the 2nd Thailand Open Master Games 2022 in Thailand. Data were collected from a sample survey of 583 participants i.e., athletes, referees, coaches, officials, team managers, volunteers, and all involved. A simple sampling was used. A particular focus of the study is if and how participant satisfaction influences participant’ expenditures. It is hypothesized and argued that expenditure depends on satisfaction relative to perceived service quality. Descriptive and regression analytical techniques were employed for

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Mendes, Alessandra, and Adriano Codato. "The institutional configuration of sport policy in Brazil: organization, evolution and dilemmas." Revista de Administração Pública 49, no. 3 (2015): 563–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7612125903.

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Brazil has become the center of the spotlight of the whole world recently, amongst many other reasons, one of them was because it was chosen to host a series of mega sporting events - Pan American Games in 2007, Confederations Football Cup in 2013, Fifa Football World Cup 2014 Games and 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2016. However, little is known about the country's administrative governmental structure focused on sport policy. The available studies focus their analysis on the sport policies content, but not on the arrangement of its structural decision-making. The main aim of this arti

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Michael, De la Roche R. P., Telles-Langdon David M., and Robin Marc. "A model for return to training and competition during ongoing pandemic concerns." Journal of Kinesiology & Wellness 11 (August 12, 2022): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.56980/jkw.v11i.105.

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In the wake of a novel Coronavirus, the sports world reeled from the realization that a pandemic of this magnitude had not been seen in more than a century. Reducing the transmission would require physical distancing to such a degree that it would necessitate the suspension of all sporting activities. The multidimensional health effects due to COVID-19 will be far more severe and prolonged if athletes cannot engage in sport at all. Most coaches are concerned with strength and conditioning maintenance as well as technical skill development in response to changes in the sport. Bringing athletes

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AlThobaiti, Yousef. "Economic effect of corona pandemic on Saudi pro league football tournament (Applied in Saudi Pro League." Jurnal MensSana 6, no. 1 (2021): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/menssana.06012021.23.

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The study aims to identify economic effects of Corona pandemic on Saudi football represented in SPL sector, and precautionary measures to reduce these effects on Saudi football. the researcher used the descriptive approach (survey studies), and the study sample was (75) academics specialists in sports administration and experts in the field of sports economics, and officials in the different sectors of SPL. There are negative effects of the Corona pandemic on the Saudi football sector, but also it has a positive impact that is to try to activate online management and virtual training, while th

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Lake, Robert J. "The Wimbledon Championships, the All England Lawn Tennis Club, and “Invented Traditions”." International Journal of Sport Communication 11, no. 1 (2018): 52–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2017-0094.

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The Wimbledon Championships, staged annually at the All England Lawn Tennis Club (AELTC), is a British sporting event of great social significance. Its popularity stretches beyond the high standards of tennis on display to what it seems to represent culturally for many people. Wimbledon’s public image has been carefully constructed over the years, with consideration given to how the players look, behave, and play; the appearance of the courts and AELTC grounds; the refreshments; its corporate partners; and its relationship to television and media generally. This study suggests that many of the

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Queckenstedt, Hermann. "Kicken und Beten zum Wohl der Jugend: (Fußball-)Sport und die katholische Kirche in Nordwestdeutschland." STADION 48, no. 2 (2024): 155–209. https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2024-2-155.

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This article addresses a topic of sports history that has received little attention from researchers: the sport within the Catholic Church in Germany. The study begins with the beginnings of physical education in the Catholic Enlightenment of the 18th century. It then presents the sports practices in Catholic parishes and associations from the 19th century on and analyses the history of the sports association Deutsche Jugendkraft (DJK) and its foundation in 1920. The focus is on the north-west German region and the history of football. Gymnastics and sport were promoted within the Catholic Chu

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Tan, Tien-Chin, Alan Bairner, and Yu-Wen Chen. "Managing compliance with the World Anti-Doping Code: China’s strategies and their implications." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 55, no. 3 (2018): 251–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690218805402.

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With the problems of doping in sport becoming more serious, the World Anti-Doping Code was drafted by the World Anti-Doping Agency in 2003 and became effective one year later. Since its passage, the Code has been renewed four times, with the fourth and latest version promulgated in January 2015. The Code was intended to tackle the problems of doping in sports through cooperation with governments to ensure fair competition as well as the health of athletes. To understand China’s strategies for managing compliance with the Code and also the implications behind those strategies, this study borrow

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Chan, Jennifer Lisa, Valentino Constantinou, Jennifer Fokas, Sarah Van Deusen Phillips, and George Chiampas. "An Overview of Chicago (Illinois USA) Marathon Prehospital Care Demographics, Patient Care Operations, and Injury Patterns." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, no. 03 (2019): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19004345.

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AbstractIntroduction:Large-scale mass-sporting events are increasingly requiring greater prehospital event planning and preparation to address inherent event-associated medical conditions in addition to incidents that may be unexpected. The Bank of America Chicago Marathon (Chicago, Illinois USA) is one of the largest marathons in the world, and with the improvement of technology, the use of historical patient and event data, in conjunction with environmental conditions, can provide organizers and public safety officials a way to plan based on injury patterns and patient demands for care by pr

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Seo, Bong Sung. "A Study on Terror Activities in International Sports Events." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 12, no. 9 (2022): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/jscm.2022.9.29.

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Korea has successfully hosted international sports events such as the 1986 Asian Games, the 1988 Seoul Olympics, and the 2002 World Cup. On August 27, 2011, the World Championships in Athletics were held in Daegu, and by hosting the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, it became the fifth country in the world to host all four major international sports events after France, Germany, Italy and Japan. However, it should be recognized that the threat of terror activities exists behind the hosting of international sporting events. The representative terror activities in relation to international sp

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Glushich, A. M. "BEHIND THE SPORTS SCENES: NON-COMPETITIONAL PRACTICES OF SPORTS DIPLOMACY OF THE SOVIET UNION IN THE 1920s." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4 (67) (2024): 173–82. https://doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2024-4-173-182.

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Based on the documents from the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, the article provides a complete analysis of the non-competitive practices and tools of sports diplomacy employed by the Soviet Union in the 1920s. The primary focus is on the business correspondence between the Red Sports International, the Supreme Council of Physical Culture of the USSR and their foreign sections, revealing that cooperation in sports extended far beyond mere competition. These interactions included logistical efforts (such as purchasing equipment), organizational and methodological support (trai

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Permatasari, Mustika, and Andhika Chandra Lesmana. "Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan dan Strategi Persiapan Wisma Atlet Jakabaring Sport City Palembang." Manajemen dan Pariwisata 1, no. 2 (2022): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32659/jmp.v1i2.207.

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Sports tourism has become a very important element in the world of tourism because it has become a very competitive tourism business. The success of holding the 2019 MXGP world championship in early July 2019 made the city of Palembang again trusted to host an international sporting event, namely the 55th Qubica AMF Bowling World Cup. One of the supporting factors in the implementation of the event is the availability of hotels/lodging as a means of residence for participants and officials. This study aims to determine the quality of service and the readiness strategy of Wisma Atlet Jakabaring

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Betmakaev, A. M., and I. N. Yudina. "Walter Ulbricht, Physical Culture and Sport in the GDR (1949-1971)." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 3(131) (July 11, 2023): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)3-08.

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The politicization of sports is a topical subject of contemporary history. The study of nations’ history of sports and sports policies can yield insights into important aspects of foreign political regimes and their evolution. The GDR was a notable example of a country that, in line with the state ideology, systemically and effectively leveraged sports in domestic and foreign policy. This article examines the role of Walter Ulbricht, the leader of East Germany, in the sphere of physical education and sports from late 1940s to early 1970s. Through analysis of party and state documents and sport

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Khalilpour, Azam, Ali Zarei, Zinat Nikaeen, and Seyed Hamid Sajjadi Hazaveh. "Designing a Model for the Impact of Enjoyment, Happiness, and Social Needs on Mental Health with the Moderating Role of Sports Fandom." Journal of Cognition, Behavior, Learning 1, no. 1 (2024): 15–26. https://doi.org/10.61838/jcbl.1.1.2.

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The aim of the present study is to design a model for the impact of enjoyment, happiness, and social needs on mental health with the moderating role of sports fandom. This research is applied in terms of its goal and correlational in terms of its execution path. The statistical population of this study consists of spectators of sporting events who follow these events through the media. In this research, individuals who watched the 2019 AFC Asian Cup were selected as the sample population using a convenience sampling method. To estimate the sample size, SPSS Sample Power software was used, whic

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Shi, Yuehong. "Knowledge and Participation of Physical Education Teachers in the Official Sports Events." Journal of Education and Educational Research 7, no. 3 (2024): 84–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/6h3za604.

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21st century teachers are expected to develop 21st century competencies in students in more diverse classrooms, while increasing the study of teaching and learning. Teachers must update their teaching techniques, adopt creative teaching methods, and mobilize multiple sources of information to achieve this goal. In this paper, 150 teachers from Guangdong University of Science and Technology (GUT), Guangdong Foreign Studies University (GUFS) and Guangdong Institute of Science and Technology (GDPST) were evaluated by using literature, expert interviews, questionnaire and mathematical statistics t

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Patyashina, M. A., and L. A. Balabanova. "Current problems of surveying sanitary and epidemiological well-being at public events with international participation." Kazan medical journal 96, no. 1 (2015): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2015-090.

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Providing public sanitary and epidemiological welfare while preparing and holding public events with international participation is one of the prime tasks in ensuring state security. When large numbers of participants, officials and guests from different countries of the world arrive for public events, these conditions are always associated with increased epidemiological risks because of increased load on sanitary infrastructure of public event places and transient increase in population density in a limited area. Preparation and holding of public events are held at regional and international

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Ayub, Suffian Hadi, Baby Anusha Nur Mohamed Thaheer, Zsuzsanna Tóth, Muhamad Shamsul Ibrahim, and Yuslinda Mat Yassin. "Examining The Organisational Competencies in Managing Health Lifestyle Campaigns on Social Media for Society’s Wellbeing." Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication 40, no. 2 (2024): 328–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2024-4002-19.

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The increase in unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking, obesity, and lack of exercise has been identified as the main cause of the surge in health issues among the population of Malaysia. The government has aggressively promoted a healthy lifestyle through various nationwide programs and campaigns to transform Malaysia into a sporting nation. To promote a healthier society, the government has initiated a health-related campaign to address the growing cost of healthcare. With a large portion of the Malaysian population spending significant time on social media, the campaign uses these platforms t

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Bowker, Anne, Belinda Boekhoven, Amanda Nolan, et al. "Naturalistic Observations of Spectator Behavior at Youth Hockey Games." Sport Psychologist 23, no. 3 (2009): 301–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.23.3.301.

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The purpose of the current study was to conduct an examination of spectator (i.e., parental) behavior at youth hockey games in a large Canadian city. Using naturalistic observation methods, an event sampling procedure was used to code spectators’ comments. Of specific interest were the type of remarks made, who made them (i.e., males versus females), the intensity of those remarks and whether they varied by child age, gender, and competitive level. We were also interested in whether the majority of onlookers’ comments were actually directed at the players, on-ice officials, or fellow spectator

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John, Mapfumo, and Muchena Patricia. "Sexual harassment among Zimbabwe elite sportswomen: A study at the Zimbabwe Tertiary Institutions Sports Union (ZITISU) Games 2012." American Based Research Journal 2, no. 7 (2013): 95–103. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3408216.

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<em>Researchers in this country and elsewhere have done considerable work on the nature and prevalence of sexual harassment in colleges and universities as well as in schools. Most studies have focused on the student –lecturer relationship and very little on harassment in sport. This study aimed to establish the extent and nature of sexual harassment of elite collegiate sportswomen from different sporting disciplines. The study also aimed to establish the perpetrator profiles. A ten- item questionnaire was completed by one hundred and fifty- five elite sportswomen from the Zimbabwe Terti

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Alhaaj, Mohammed, Samia Boukari, Ahmed Attia, et al. "Comprehensive Quality Principles as A Contribution to The Development of Premier League Club Management in Libya." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 11, no. 6 (2024): 126–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.116.17078.

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The research aims to develop administrative work in Premier League clubs in Libya by applying the principles of overall quality. In this research, the descriptive method was used depending on the nature of the research. The study population included members of the boards of directors of Premier League clubs, which had twenty (20) clubs registered with the Libyan Football Federation for the 2023-2024 sporting season. The research sample was selected from members of the boards of directors of twenty (20) professional sports clubs of the Premier League in Libya, including fourteen (14) board chai

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Weber, Andreas Ch, Salome Weber, and Larssyn Staley. "Good governance principles: Snapshot of athletes’ and coaches’ commissions within their National Sports Federations in 2019." Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 9, no. 2 (2024): 083. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss083.

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Introduction Good governance principles of National Sports Federations (NSF) include the representation of athletes and coaches through commissions (PlayTheGame, n. d.). This representation has been an important issue in Switzerland since the “Magglingen Protocols” of October 2020, which outlined the abuses in Swiss women’s gymnastics. In response, Swiss Olympic and the Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport have taken measures, including the representation of athletes and coaches within their NSFs. One year before the abuses became public, athletes, coaches and NSFs’

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