Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sports Architectural Design'

El Complejo Cultural y Deportivo Watukanakuy es un proyecto ubicado en el distrito de San Jerónimo, provincia de Andahuaylas departamento de Apurímac; situado en el centro de actividades del distrito. Se trata de un equipamiento que combina las actividades deportivas, culturales, educativas y recreativas satisfaciendo así la demanda creciente de la población, dotando a la comunidad de espacios adecuados para desarrollar dichas actividades. Estando este proyecto enfocado en la revaloración de las tradiciones y costumbres. La denominación watukanakuy es un vocablo quechua que significa encuentro entre personas, y para esta investigación representara la unión de los pobladores en el carnaval y demás actividades culturales y en la alegría que representa el deporte.
The Cultural and Sports Complex Watukanakuy is a project located in the district of San Jerónimo, province of Andahuaylas, department of Apurímac; located in the center of activities of the district. It’s a facility that combines sports, cultural, educative and recreational activities, this way satisfying the growing demand of the population, by giving to the community suitable spaces for these activities. This project is focused in the appreciation of traditions and customs. The designation “watukanakuy” is a Quechua word that means encounter between people, and for this investigation it represents the union of the community in the carnival, cultural activities and in the joy that sports represent.
Tesis

This thesis creates an improved fan experience creating the heart of a city through a design that the community can call home throughout the year. It extends the design of sports stadiums to include the fan experiences throughout the interior and the community experiences throughout the exterior to merge. By combining the stadium and city into experiential layering, the architectural decisions to form pedestrian streets and programmatic features can enhance the fan experiences and community experiences to merge through materials, structures, and spaces. The thesis creates an iconic entertainment hub that allows these experiences to expand into the city of Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Master of Architecture

El Centro de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo (CARD) en la Provincia de Paita, es un proyecto que nace a partir de mi interés por la falta de infraestructura deportiva, espacios verdes y de recreación en el lugar y por mi pasión por la práctica del deporte. En el Perú existe CARD teniendo como similitud estar ubicados en la capital, por ende este proyecto situado al norte del país busca descentralizar la demanda de deportistas y la oportunidad de dar un mejor futuro económico, social, etc. Este Centro contará con áreas de alojamiento, entrenamiento, administración, centro médico. Mi proyecto integra todos los polideportivos sin afectar el uso independiente de cada uno de ellos.
The High Performance Sports Center (CARD) in the Province of Paita, is a project that was born from my interest in the lack of sports infrastructure, green spaces and recreation in the place and my passion for practicing sport. In Peru there is CARD having as a similarity being located in the capital, therefore this project located in the north of the country seeks to decentralize the demand for athletes and the opportunity to give a better economic, social future, etc. This Center will have areas of accommodation, training, administration, medical center. My project integrates all the sports centers without affecting the independent use of each one of them.
Tesis

La presente investigación desarrolla el contenido guía para el diseño de un nuevo estadio para el Club de Futbol profesional “Alianza Lima”. La investigación contiene 4 partes: la introducción, la cual contiene la motivación y el sustento del porqué es que se toma como iniciativa la investigación acerca del tema; el cuerpo, que contiene la investigación de proyectos referenciales, enfatizando sus respectivas correspondencias locales y cómo influyen en su análisis para usar la información como herramienta de trabajo; el lugar, en donde el edificio se situará, su contexto urbano directo y condiciones de tres terrenos a escoger; y finalmente, los criterios de diseño que son las conclusiones gráficas para tomar en cuenta a la hora de diseño del proyecto de arquitectura.
The present research develops a guide for the design of a new stadium for the Alianza Lima Professional Football Club. The investigation contains 4 parts: the introduction, which contains the motivation and sustenance of why it is that the research about the subject has been taken; the body, which contains the investigation of referential projects, emphasizing their respective local correspondences and how they might influence the project with their analysis by using this information as a working tool; the place, where the building will be located, its direct urban context and conditions of three project terrains to choose between; and finally, the design criteria that are the graphic conclusions to take into account when designing the architectural project.
Tesis

La presente investigación y posterior proyecto arquitectónico, busca la aplicación de la teoría de límites difusos propuesta por el arquitecto Toyo Ito en arquitectura de tipología deportiva, el cual se ha denominado como “centro deportivo”. El objetivo es contrarrestar la situación actual de este tipo de infraestructura en el Perú, la cual tiene una predisposición de colocar bordes urbanos físicos que se encuentren desconectados de su entorno. Para ello, se busca generar relaciones exteriores-interiores través del concepto de límite, espacios públicos y diferentes grados de permeabilidad en el edificio, los cuales abarcan su estructura, forma espacialidad y funcionalidad. El proyecto se ubicará en Villa María del Triunfo y será de carácter público distrital. Tendrá una vocación catalogada como “Deporte para TODOS”, la cual es una iniciativa de carácter social que tiene el fin de llegar a los usuarios de todas las edades dentro del radio de influencia. Por otro lado, se enfocará los usos hacia el deporte de masificación, recreacional, formativo y competitivo en una categoría no federada. Por último, también se aprovechará la flexibilidad de los pabellones deportivos y espacios públicos al aire libre, para albergar otros usos compatibles con el deporte y que pueden generar un mayor aporte a la vida comunitaria de la zona.
The present research and architectural project search the application of the theory of blurring limits proposed by the architect Toyo Ito, in sport architecture typology, which has been called “Sport Centre”. The objective is to counter the current situation of this type in Peru, which has a predisposition to place physical urban limits that are disconnected from the environment. For this, it searches to generate interior-exterior connection through the blurring limit concept public spaces and different degrees of permeability in the structure, spatial, form and functionality from the building. The project will be in Villa María del Triunfo and will be of a public and district category. It will be cataloged as “Sport for all”. This is a social initiative that has the objective to reach users of all ages into the influence radius. On the other hand, the sports will be focused on massification, recreational, training and competitive sports in a non-federated category. Finally, the flexibility of the sport halls and public outdoor spaces will allow for the other uses that are compatible with sport, generating a greater contribution to the community of the area.
Tesis

Este trabajo se realizó basándose en el análisis y situación de infraestructura deportiva en la región Amazonas; desarrollándose así la propuesta del proyecto en la ciudad de Chachapoyas, en la que el porcentaje de población dedicada al deporte supera el 50% de la población total e incluye más de diez disciplinas practicadas según datos del IPD, para lo que existe actualmente solo tres infraestructuras deportivas que no cubren ni la capacidad, ni la variedad de deportes practicados. De esta manera se propone un polideportivo que aparte de cubrir la demanda y necesidades deportivas de la población de Chachapoyas, ayude a repotenciar la identidad de la ciudad, con la propuesta arquitectónica basada en el regionalismo crítico, ya que a pesar de la conservación de la arquitectura tradicional existente, se ha estado perdiendo la identidad por parte de los ciudadanos, vista en el desarrollo y ampliación de la ciudad, la que se está realizando en base a la producción en masa y a la copia de patrones externos.
This work was carried out based on the analysis and situation of sports infrastructure in the Amazon region; thus developing the project proposal in the city of Chachapoyas, in which the percentage of population dedicated to sport exceeds 50% of the total population and includes more than ten disciplines practiced according to IPD data, for which there are currently only three infrastructures sports that do not cover neither the capacity nor the variety of sports practiced. In this way, a Sports Center is proposed that apart from meeting the sporting needs and demands of the population of Chachapoyas, helps to repower the identity of the city, with the architectural proposal based on critical regionalism, since despite the conservation of the Existing traditional architecture, the identity of citizens has been lost, seen in the development and expansion of the city, which is being carried out based on mass production and copying of external patterns.
Tesis

El bajo rendimiento de las selecciones de la FDPN y la falta de infraestructura deportiva adecuada, vinculado con el mal diseño urbano ha suscitado que existe una necesidad en potenciar estos puntos y un nuevo lugar que funcione como hito tanto urbano como deportivo. Dentro de este fenómeno, el IPD, la FDPN y Municipalidad del Callao se han visto afectadas directamente debido al déficit de espacios tanto públicos como deportivos y vinculados entre sí. Sumando este problema a la necesidad general de espacio público de la ciudad, se decidió plantear crear un centro deportivo que funcionará como un equipamiento para el distrito y además abastecerá con crear deportistas adecuados para competencias y resultados. El proyecto enfatiza la idea del vínculo e integración. La idea es generar una atmosfera de confraternización, inspirando y concientizando a los deportistas de todos los niveles a través de una comunicación mutua, vinculándose unos con otros. Esto se logra a través de una red de espacios vinculadores, donde se fomenta la congregación y encuentro de deportistas experimentados y los amateurs experimentas sensaciones producidas por la tectónica y contacto con los elementos naturales. Además, el proyecto trabaja una innovación con la materialidad. Se usa en gran parte madera laminada como coberturas. La utilización de la madera laminada es algo nuevo en este tipo de proyectos para el país. La idea nace de tener una cobertura con la cual sea menos impactante en el medio ambiente, así como una más resistente en caso de sismo y al fuego.
The poor performance of the FDPN teams and the lack of adequate sports infrastructure, linked to poor urban design has raised the need to strengthen these points and a new place that functions as both urban and sports landmarks. Within this phenomenon, the IPD, the FDPN and the Municipality of Callao have been directly affected due to the deficit of both public and sports and interlinked spaces. Adding this problem to the general need for public space in the city, it was decided to create a sports center that will function as an equipment for the district and provide adequate sports for competitions and results. The project emphasizes the idea of the link and integration. The idea is to generate an atmosphere of fraternization, inspiring and raising awareness among athletes of all levels through mutual communication, linking with each other. This is achieved through a network of binding spaces, where the congregation and meeting of experienced athletes is encouraged, and amateurs experience sensations produced by tectonics and contact with natural elements. In addition, the project works an innovation with materiality. Laminated wood is largely used as toppings. The use of laminated wood is something new in this type of projects for the country. The idea stems from having a coverage with which it is less impactful on the environment as well as a more resistant in case of earthquake and fire.
Tesis

El proyecto busca satisfacer las necesidades de un deportista de alto rendimiento de remo, para esto tiene zonas esenciales para su desarrollo y entrenamiento como un gimnasio con áreas para cardio (que incluye remoergometros) y musculación, una residencia, área de bienestar y rehabilitación, así como pozas de entrenamiento y el hangar de embarcaciones. Así mismo cuenta con una terraza para visitantes para eventos o días de competencia. La ubicación del proyecto es esencial porque al estar en un medio natural ayuda a la alta concentración del deportista y permite que el deporte se realice con eficacia, el lugar elegido es la “albufera de medio mundo” que es una laguna de 7km de largo, y que es propicia para la práctica del remo porque cuenta con aguas tranquilas las cuales son muy importantes para llevar a cabo del deporte, cabe resaltar el medio tranquilo, natural y aislado de la ciudad ayuda a la plena concentración. Ante este entorno natural y de conservación se ha optado por una construcción sostenible que respete y tenga compromiso con el medio ambiente, este implica el uso eficiente de la energía solar y el tratamiento del agua, la orientación del edificio para aprovechar los vientos y tener ventilación cruzada, así como un sistema constructivo de madera elevado sobre el nivel del suelo para reducir el impacto y que perdure ante la acción del medio costero.
The project seeks to satisfy the needs of a high performance rowing athlete, for this it has essential areas for its development and training as a gym with areas for cardio (which includes remoegometros) and fitness, a residence, wellness and rehabilitation area as well as rowing tanks and the boat storage. It also has a terrace for visitors for events or days of competition. The location of the project is essential because being in a natural environment helps the high concentration of the athlete and allows the sport to be carried out effectively, the chosen place is the "Albufera de Medio Mundo" which is a lagoon of 7km long, and that is conducive to the practice of rowing because it has calm waters which are very important to carry out the sport, it is worth highlighting the quiet, natural and isolated environment of the city helps the full concentration. Faced with this natural environment and conservation has opted for a sustainable construction that respects and is committed to the environment, this involves the efficient use of solar energy and water treatment, the orientation of the building to take advantage of the winds and have ventilation crossed as well as a constructive system of wood raised above ground level to reduce the impact and to last before the action of the coastal environment.
Tesis

Literature suggests that the original and "pure" elements of cross country course design have faded through time; in order to wholly enhance course design the original elements must be preserved and united with desired modern course elements. "Pure" sport is defined by an athlete's struggle and persistence that occur amidst tough competition, rugged course elements, and physical pain. In addition to identifying the desired elements through literature review, case studies, and self-experience of cross country course design, it was necessary to confirm the desired elements through interviewing eight key informants. The key informants were renowned and accomplished NCAA cross country coaches selected to represent a wide geographic. These eight informants were interviewed to unveil which elements of cross country courses were desired, important, essential, would advance design, and are underutilized and present in their favored courses. The results from the interviews confirmed a deep desire for enhanced course design by unionizing the elements present in the "pure" sport of cross country with contemporary desired elements. The new "pure" sport of cross country can be obtained through the utilization of the elements revealed within this thesis. Designing courses that will provide unchanged emotions from the "pure" sport of cross country, yet do not incorporate excessively rough course elements, will be the new "pure" sport of cross country. Overall, the results show designing for the athlete, which includes safety, well defined routing and proper carrying capacity, an accomplished sense of place, advanced technologies and facilities, sport appropriate and safe footing and reasonable terrain, and spectator engagement, would considerably improve design. In order to preserve the "pure" sport of cross country while also integrating modern desired and necessary elements, course designers must use pioneering design methods in order to incorporate all of the desired elements. The main objective of this research was accomplished and has established a foundation upon which subsequent research efforts may begin. This work serves as a catalyst to improving cross country course design by attaining the knowledge of proper, intensified, and innovative design.

This project explores the juxtaposition of classical and contemporary architectural forms as they coexist within Richmond City’s urban fabric. It is an assessment and understanding of how the built environment can reinforce transitions between old and new in ways that both integrate architectural differences and embrace historical identity. Richmond, and a large part of Virginia in general, has been shaped by the historical events of its existence. The sights of the city reveal a clash of the old and new. It is a city where newer developments and traditional elements have been trying to co-mingle. The design incorporates a contemporary architectural language that joins with the building’s historical surroundings without breaking the balance of the composition.

Sports stadiums have a considerable impact on the urban, environmental and social context. In particular, where several new stadiums are built within the same city for a single mega-event like the Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games or Soccer World Cup the implications are significantly higher. Therefore the requirements for operation of each stadium after the mega-event are of great importance to ensure sustainable integration into the urban, environmental and social context as well as maximized utilization on a long-term basis. In the first part of this thesis a review of the subject is presented. A brief history of the development of stadium design in the Olympic context, evolving requirements for staging Olympic Summer Games, the structure of organizations involved, existing literature research and certification methods are summarized. In the second part the methodology and development of the bespoke research tool based on existing certification systems such as BREEAM, LEED and DGNB is described. Subsequently, case studies for three different stadium types (Olympic Stadium, Indoor Stadium and Football Stadium) used for the Olympic Summer Games in Sydney (2000), Athens (2004) and Beijing (2008) are analysed based on literature research, field surveys and interviews. The comparative assessment of each stadium type is conducted with an evaluation matrix in three denominations: urban category, environmental category and social category. In each category two indicators with two respective parameters are evaluated based on a five-point score system. Subsequently the general applicability of the research tool is verified with an example appraisal of Wembley Stadium which was used for the Olympic Summer Games in London (2012). Conclusions are drawn in the third part of the thesis, separately for each of the three denominations urban category, environmental category and social category. In the urban category sports stadiums built on a site previously used for sports venues or adjacent to other existing venues are rated significantly higher, because existing sites are already integrated into the urban context and located in proximity to the city centre as well as other mixed-use areas resulting in synergy effects with extended catchment areas and good connectivity. In the environmental category sports stadiums are rated higher if specific requirements for operation of the sports stadium after the Olympic Games are already considered in the design to ensure maximised adaptability and flexibility. Dismantle of the overlay (tailor-made structures/installations required for staging the event) after the Olympic Games reduces energy consumption in subsequent operation. Overlay designed for permanent usage or reuse at a different venue further increases the level of sustainability. Usage of energy efficient systems with power generation and water conservation preserves resources. In the social category sports stadiums are rated higher if a balanced proportion of sport usage and other usages is achieved. The long-term utilization of a sports stadium correlates with the level of urban integration, urban context, building type and usage mix. Sports stadiums utilized by more than one home team and integration of other usages (e.g. retail, commercial, recreation, etc.) achieve a significantly higher level of utilization. The last chapter summarizes recommendations for stadium design in the Olympic context. To ensure a long-term utilization of each sports stadium after the Olympic Games it is suggested that applicant/candidate cities carry out comprehensive feasibility studies in collaboration with an operator to develop a bespoke project brief and business plan for operation of each venue at bidding stage. In order to enhance the existing knowledge base it is further recommended to collect and compare operational data (e.g. water, energy consumption etc.) from the different venues of the hosting cities to allow an independent assessment of the level of sustainability during long-term operation. Additional data to verify indicators relating to design efficiency such as average construction area per seat as well as dead loads of spectator stands and roof structures should be compared for establishment of benchmarks to verify the efficiency of the structural elements for an even more sustainable design of sports stadiums.

El Centro de Alto Rendimiento de Fútbol en Cusco (CARF), es un proyecto que nace a partir de mi pasión y gusto por dicho deporte. Este centro deportivo está diseñado para albergar a jóvenes futbolistas de alto nivel de toda la región sur del Perú. El objetivo principal se centra en el uso de la Arquitectura Sensorial (colores, texturas, patrones de diseño) para lograr el diseño de espacios que generen estímulos y sensaciones positivas en el atleta. A su vez este albergue deportivo busca cubrir las necesidades básicas de los atletas (entrenamiento, atención médica, alimentación, hospedaje y apoyo educacional) para que estos puedan rendir adecuadamente y explotar su máximo potencial. Como objetivo secundario, este proyecto busca fortalecer la identidad cultural de los usuarios y habitantes de la zona. Además de contener todas los espacios necesarios de un CARF, se añadió algunos espacios comunitarios para uso de la población. Este centro deportivo se ubica en una ambiente tranquilo y natural, a las afueras de la zona urbana de la ciudad, para una mayor concentración del atleta. Además, las condiciones climáticas de la zona son favorables para el desarrollo físico del deportista. El proyecto colinda hacia el norte con la zona urbana, ubicando los ambientes más públicos en esa zona. Hacia el sur, el proyecto colinda con un ambiente más natural (río, vegetación, montañas), por lo que los espacios deportivos, habitaciones y estar general se ubican de cara a estas áreas.
The High-Performance Soccer Center in Cusco is a project that was born from my passion and love for this sport. This sports center is designed to house high-level young soccer players from the entire southern region of Peru. The main objective is focused on the use of Sensory Design (colors, textures, design patterns) to achieve the design of spaces that generate stimuli and positive feelings in the athlete. This sports hostel seeks to cover the basic needs of athletes (training, medical care, food, lodging and educational support) so that they can perform adequately and exploit their full potential. As a secondary objective, this project seeks to strengthen the cultural identity of the users and inhabitants of the area. In addition to containing all the necessary spaces of a CARF, some community spaces were added for the use of the population. This sports center is located in a calm and natural environment, on the outskirts of the urban area of ​​the city, for a greater concentration of the athlete. In addition, the climatic conditions of the area are favourable for the physical development of the athlete. The project borders to the north with the urban area, locating the most public environments in that area. Towards the south, the project adjoins a more natural environment (river, vegetation, mountains), so that the sports spaces, rooms, and general living are located facing these areas.
Trabajo de investigación

The subject of this master thesis is architectural study of sport center in Brno focused on football stadium for 17,500 spectators. Standard of Stadium comes on category 3 of UEFA, with some elements of the standard Elite category. It is a complex study on the possible development of the site as a sports and relaxation area with a primary sport function in the park. The architectural expression and volume solution of stadium is mainly based on the morphology of sports buildings, form follows function. The organic concept is clearly defined roofing mass on elliptic floor plan which mainly response to layout of the auditorium mainly in horizontal and vertical direction. Enabling quality of vision on the pitch is the basic idea of the concept. The construction follows the morphology of the terrain and longitudinal axis is oriented in a north-south direction with the main tribune to the west. The primary load-bearing structure is frame-storey reinforced concrete frame, covered steel truss construction jacketed with titan-zinc hexagonal templates.

The subject of this thesis is the architectural study of a sports center in Brno Lužánky focusing on the football stadium for 18,000 spectators. The equipement of the stadium falls into category 3 and it has some equipements of Elite category. The stadium is one of the objects of the recreational sports center za Lužánkami. The solution is based on the idea to link the life in the surrounding park and the life in football stadium. This is achieved through non-closed facade, that is formed by rods and a wire mesh. Ground plan is based on the football field and the requirements for visibility curve. The primary load-bearing structure is reinforced concrete skeleton frame, the stadium is covered by a steel truss. The upper part is lined with grandstandstitanium zinc plates which gently reflects the surrounding area and support the main idea.

The diploma thesis was preceded with the specification of specialised atelier TG02 of which the purpose was to prepare an urbanistic study of sport area Hněvkovského territory that is found in the municipal district Brno - Komárov. The urbanistic design was aimed to create an important territory for sport professional as well as relax activities. The specification included also the design of current BMX area and creation of background for sportsmen as well as visitors. The diploma thesis that deals with the building of cycling stadium in form of a study links to this theme. The stadium is situated in the North-East part of the areas, near Hněvkovského road. The design regards sufficient scattering surfaces around the building, simple orientation in the building´s surroundings as well as in the building itself is emphasised. Its glass façade is an important expression element of the building as well as the video mapping systems proposed for projection and lighting of this façade. The attractiveness of the whole area is underlined with parking areas, refreshment point of current cycling track and new area of sport activities (dirt park, ball games).

Within the design of any building, there is a requirement for designers to understand the intended purposes of the building and the elements that influence performance. These elements can be as tangible as providing a lecture hall within a university or relatively intangible such as the environmental temperatures of the rooms. The elements involved are generally recognised within the design industry and a combined force of engineers, architects, and specialist advisors work together to ensure all of the elements are in place for each new design. However, one element affecting performance that has not yet been comprehensively covered (at least for many building types) is that relating to occupant movement and the influence this has on experience and hence performance. For example, the number of times people have to negotiate cross-flow environments in a train station before becoming agitated is unknown. Also, the average distance people will walk through a shopping centre before becoming tired and ending the activity is unknown. Even so, they will both be impacted upon by the design and they will both reflect back on the performance of the design. Before starting this research, it was realised by the research engineer that there was only a limited understanding and application of people flow analyses within industry and, where it existed, it was solely related to transport terminals, pedestrian walkways/crossings, sports stadia arrivals/egress, and evacuation analyses.

En aquesta Tesi Doctoral, s'ha fet una recerca sobre les instal·lacions dels clubs de tennis de Catalunya, amb la intenció de poder determinar-ne unes pautes de disseny. Atesa la particularitat d'aquest tipus d'instal·lació, que per la no poliesportivitat de l'espai de joc ha quedat fora de la Xarxa Bàsica especificada i estudiada per la Generalitat de Catalunya, s'ha cregut convenient endegar aquest estudi i aportar algunes consideracions per a la seva concepció i disseny. Cal remarcar la intenció d'estudiar la instal·lació en la complexitat amb la que ens la trobem habitualment, és a dir, distribuïda heterogèniament en el territori i constituïda per espais esportius, complementaris i auxiliars.
La fonamentació teòrica ha aportat la revisió de conceptes entorn l'espai esportiu i que fan referència a l'evolució històrica, la concepció urbanística i de planificació territorial, i la vessant sociològica. Posteriorment, i entrant en la fonamentació metodològica, s'ha fet una recerca aplicada en la mesura que s'han traslladat els conceptes recollits i revisats en el marc teòric dins de la realitat pròpia dels espais esportius de tennis, i a Catalunya. Per a dur a terme aquesta part, s'han desenvolupat propostes d'anàlisi geogràfica i territorial, esbrinant els motius de l'heterogènia distribució actual de pistes de tennis i determinant els dèficits territorials a través de l'aplicació de les eines existents del planejament.
La utilització d'aquestes eines ha facilitat la revisió dels paràmetres descriptius i classificatoris de les instal·lacions esportives, i ha permès determinar quins d'aquests paràmetres són definibles des del disseny i aplicables en el cas de les pistes de tennis. Aquest ha estat el punt de partida per a l'elaboració d'un instrument d'observació i estudi de l'espai esportiu concret (pista de tennis) en la realitat organitzativa en què sol trobar-se al nostre país (clubs).
A través de l'aplicació sobre una mostra representativa de clubs s'han cercat aquells valors del model d'anàlisi que han fet possible, per una banda acostar-se a la comprensió de l'objecte d'estudi i per altra esbrinar, amb la interrelació dels seus indicadors, els valors que proporcionen major idoneïtat quant al disseny en cada nivell d'observació.
En esta Tesis Doctoral, se ha planteado una investigación sobre las instalaciones de los clubes de tenis de Cataluña, con la intención de poder determinar unas pautas de diseño. Dada la particularidad de este tipo de instalación, que por la no poli deportividad del espacio de juego ha quedado fuera de la Xarxa Bàsica (Red Básica) especificada y estudiada por la Generalitat de Catalunya, se ha considerado conveniente realizar este estudio y aportar algunas consideraciones para su concepción y diseño. Es preciso remarcar la intención de analizar la instalación con la complejidad que nos la encontramos habitualmente, es decir, distribuida heterogéneamente en el territorio y constituida por espacios deportivos, complementarios y auxiliares.
La fundamentación teórica ha aportado la revisión de conceptos alrededor del espacio deportivo y que hacen referencia a la evolución histórica, la concepción urbanística y de planificación territorial, y la vertiente sociológica. Posteriormente, y entrando en la fundamentación metodológica, se ha realizado una investigación aplicada en la que los conceptos recogidos y revisados en el marco teórico han sido trasladados a la realidad concreta de los espacios deportivos de tenis, y a Cataluña. Para desarrollar esta parte, se han realizado propuestas de análisis geográfico y territorial, buscando los motivos de la heterogeneidad en la distribución actual de pistas de tenis y determinando el déficit territorial a través de la aplicación de los instrumentos existentes de planificación.
El uso de estas herramientas ha facilitado la revisión de parámetros descriptivos y clasificatorios de las instalaciones deportivas, y ha hecho posible la determinación de aquellos parámetros que son definibles desde el diseño y aplicables en el caso de las pistas de tenis. Este ha sido el punto de inicio para la elaboración de un instrumento de observación y estudio del espacio deportivo concreto (pista de tenis) según la forma organizativa que suele encontrarse en nuestro país (clubes).
A través de la aplicación sobre una muestra representativa de clubes se han buscado aquellos valores del modelo de análisis que han hecho posible, por un lado acercarse a la comprensión del objeto de estudio, y por otro concretar, con la interrelación de sus indicadores, los valores que proporcionan mayor idoneidad en cuanto al diseño de cada nivel de observación.
In this Doctoral Thesis, research has been conducted on tennis club facilities in Catalonia, with the aim of determining some design guidelines. Given the peculiarity of this type of sports facility, which due to its non-multisport character has been left out of the Xarxa Bàsica (Basic Network) specified and studied by the Generalitat de Catalunya, then we believe it is necessary to begin this study and provide some considerations for their conception and design. It is important to point out that we intend to study these facilities with the complexity with which we usually find them, that is to say, with a heterogeneous distribution in the territory and made up of sports, complementary and auxiliary spaces.
The theoretical base has provided a review of concepts surrounding the sports space and their historical evolution, their urban planning and the sociological aspects. Later, and going into the methodological foundations, applied research has been carried out because the concepts, collected and reviewed in the theoretical framework have been applied in the specific reality of the tennis courts, and in Catalonia. To carry out this part, we have developed proposals for geographical and territorial analysis, searching for the reasons for the current heterogeneous distribution of tennis courts and determining territorial deficits through the implementation of existing planning tools.
The use of these tools has facilitated the review of the descriptive and classifying parameters of sports facilities and it has allowed us to determine which of these parameters are definable from design and to be applied in the case of tennis courts. This was the starting point for the creation of an instrument to observe and study specific sports spaces (tennis courts) in the organisational reality that we normally find in our country (clubs).
Applying this to a representative sample of clubs, we search for the values of the analysis model which on the one hand make possible the approach to understanding the object of study, and on the other hand, to know, with the interrelation of its indicators, the values that provide greater suitability for the design in each level of observation.

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The focus of this work is to study and promote, as a contribution to knowledge, the buildings of sport s architecture designed and built between the years 1950 and 1970 in the State of São Paulo, identifying and showing some architectural and built features from these works using some case studies, selected through a survey of built projects, public and private, mainly found in journals of the time chosen for this study. From this survey, criteria was defined to select the main exemplars which came in first a more thorough analysis, focusing on their architectural features such as the approach adopted, the structural system chosen, materials used, the immediate surroundings, movement and access. Secondly, these works were related and compared to others of the same type and period, in order to verify the existence, or not, of architectural and constructive approaches, that could be part of the design of such buildings. The objective of this dissertation is to characterize, through a chronological framework, this type of design within the studies of modern architecture in São Paulo, opening up the possibility of dialogue and discussion on this subject, both in academic field and in the practice field.
O enfoque do presente trabalho é estudar e divulgar, como contribuição ao conhecimento, os edifícios voltados para a arquitetura esportiva projetados e construídos entre os anos de 1950 e 1970 no Estado de São Paulo, identificando e apresentando algumas características arquitetônicas e construtivas dessas obras por meio de alguns estudos de caso, selecionados através de um levantamento das obras construídas, encontradas principalmente em periódicos da época escolhida para este estudo. A partir de tal levantamento, foram definidos critérios para escolher alguns projetos exemplares, os quais passaram por uma análise mais minuciosa, focada em suas características arquitetônicas, como o partido adotado, o sistema estrutural escolhido, materiais utilizados, relação com o entorno imediato, circulação e acesso. Num segundo momento, tais obras foram relacionadas e comparadas a outras de mesma tipologia e período, com o intuito de verificar a existência, ou não, de aproximações arquitetônicas e construtivas, que poderiam fazer parte da concepção de tais edifícios. O objetivo dessa dissertação é caracterizar, por meio de um quadro cronológico, essa tipologia de projeto dentro dos estudos sobre a arquitetura moderna paulista, abrindo a possibilidade de diálogo e discussão acerca deste tema, tanto no campo acadêmico quanto no campo da prática projetual.

This PhD Thesis has been immersed in investigating the holistic experience of way-finding in buildings by people who have a range of visual ability. Previous research studies, spanning across a broad spectrum of disciplines, have focused on various characteristics of human way-finding (Arthur and Passini, 1992;Lynch, 1960;Downs and Stea, 1973). It is specifically recognised that the built environment is failing people with visual loss (Barker et al., 1995) and the strategic task and skill of way-finding within a building is a particular problem (Arthur and Passini, 1992). Under the social model of disability (Oliver, 1990) this is recognised as a form of architectural disablement (Goldsmith, 1997). There are few evidence-based studies of way-finding in a building. Furthermore, there are no studies of real-life experiences of way-finding undertaken by real-life participants who have a range of visual ability within the context of a real-life building. This leads to a research question: What are the design issues revealed by participants who have a range of visual ability as they way-find in a large public building? This doctoral research, based within the discipline of architecture, focuses on the holistic experiential components of a Journey (Myerson, 2001;Harper and Green, 2000). It coins and defines the term Way-finding Hot-spot as it explores the events [positive and negative] which are experienced and therefore impact on a Way-finding Journey around a building. To fill an important gap in the current knowledge a research enquiry, based on a user-centred design approach, was implemented. Exploratory in nature, the methodology was inductive and it evolved throughout the study. A series of Research Principles, borrowed from the established methodologies of Grounded Theory (Glaser, 1968) and Case Study (Yin, 2003a;Yin, 2003b), guided this study. Ten participants [with varying degrees of visual ability, different ages and other forms of disability] undertook a Way-finding Scenario designed to evaluate both existing memories of way-finding and present way-finding experience. This was composed of a Purposeful Conversation (Burgess, 1982) and a context specific Way-finding Task. The study has produced a large amount of data based on user experience in a real-world way-finding context – this has not been done before. Participant data contributed to a new Theory of Way-finding – The Experiential Charting of a Way-finding Journey – which derived from experiential data, was found to be composed of three elements: Journey Stages, Tasks Components and Communication Requirements. This thesis presents detailed findings which generate dialogue in the design of way-finding systems suitable for a diverse range of way-finders. It provides a research-based foundation to open the problem area and provide an insight into the issues people with different visual abilities encounter as they undertake a Way-finding Journey around a building. It generates a greater understanding of the problems and joys of way-finding in a building which will be of use in professional practice across disciplines of architecture and design as well as in areas of rehabilitation, policy-making and academia. This research is a start, but it is not the end. Future research questions have been revealed and these, combined with further reviews of literature and creative use of method, will further explore the phenomenon of way-finding within the context of buildings.

碩士
大葉大學
設計暨藝術學院碩士在職專班
99
In recent years, exercise has become a favorite and important activity for local citizens. We live in an exercise-friendly environment; however, it is not so friendly for physically challenged people. For example, uneven sidewalks, pathways blocked by motorcycles and cars, and there aren’t many well facilitated barrier-free buildings in the country. These problems make disabled people inconvenient in life, not to mention to exercise. The following research will exaggerate the above idea, while further discuss architectural designs for barrier-free athletic facilities, and pros and cons of current facilities. The study interviews with physically challenged athlete who has attended local and international athletic games. By giving interview and questionnaire to physically challenged athlete, the study shows and analyzes problems of local barrier-free athletic facilities, and some suggestions they provided. The study based its research on some other references and regulations. The research interviews with a physically challenged person who has attended the 2002 Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled and several times of international table tennis games for disabled. During each game, he learns about a variety of accessible facilities and experiences different barrier-free athletic environments. Though these facilities provide disabled a better environment, they are not hundred percent easy and safe. A questionnaire of table tennis games was taken to find out wheelchair athlete’s satisfactions for accessibility facilities and environment. Statistics of the questionnaire will show the results and practicability of accessible facilities. Finally, the study takes other researches as references, and discusses how barrier-free athletic facilities and environments can be improved.

My thesis began with an investigation into the history of the stadium and a questioning of how the stadium has been influenced and shaped by different power structures throughout time. From this foundation of research I developed a design for The Vancouver Velodrome. The site chosen for The Vancouver Velodrome is located on the North slope of Burnaby Mountain in Vancouver and is currently being used as a concrete factory. The site is bordered on the south by the Barnet Highway and to the north by a cliff which leads down to railway lines that run along the shore of the Burrard Inlet. The geographical location of the site from the natural slope separates it from the mountain and marks it as an isolated site. It was my desire then to re-establish a sense of unity within the landscape. The velodrome was not to be an isolated object, to be held out as separated from the landscape. Rather, it was to act as a connector which joins together the mountain, the site, and the ocean. Unlike the stadium precedents which were often founded upon ideological concerns, the velodrome was founded by the sense of power dictated by its environs, rather than that imposed on it by other structures. The velodrome design was therefore influenced by the landscape, the more significant elements included a 100 ft. highway retaining wall, a bowllike depression, and a large retaining wall on the north side of the site which supported the cliff face. The highway retaining wall was used to create an entry procession. The depression contained nicely the large space required and the banked contours then helped to brace the bleachers and embraced the building in general. The northern wall dictated the long axis for the velodrome and the bridge which connected it to the mountain slope, which also served to support the roof structure. The overall design manifests the notion of a building not 'within' the landscape but rather one which 'is' part of the landscape; on which people traverse and in which people inhabit.

Navigating an airport would be nearly impossible without proper signage. The number of gates, the different zones of access, the layers of conveyor belts running through the floors all provide a challenge for the architect designing the airport, even before the signs are sketched out. Projects such as airports or sporting arenas provide an extreme challenge in programmatic proximities for any designer working to make a buildingÕs circulation flow. Topology is a branch of mathematics focusing on the geometry of posi- tion and connection. By using it in architecture, program connections can be simplified and made into diagrams of edges and nodes. By taking out scale and shape, the problem is made only about connection and proximity. Applying this topological method to a professional soccer stadium in New Orleans puts the process to the test. The complexities of the public and service areas and how they interact creates a need for simplification, otherwise the building will exceed any manageable construction scale.
Yes

2008 was a year which highlighted how far South Africa has fallen behind the rest of the world in the international Olympic sporting arena. High hopes for the Olympic Games in Beijing ended in a lower-than expected medal tally that sparked great debate in South African society. The reasons for this phenomenon are numerous and complex and it is not the intention of this dissertation to investigate all these concerns. However, what is of an architectural concern is the inadequate and often sub-standard sporting facilities which athletes in South Africa, in non-mainstream sporting codes, have to contend with. The challenge for architects in this regard is to design buildings for these sports, that are both adequate and of a suitable standard, while remaining relevant to their context. This to promote professionalism and inspire athletes to succeed through the creation of high quality, world-class facilities for competition, training and preparation. Rowing, canoeing and kayaking are highly competitive and technologically advanced Olympic sports. Many South African athletes compete in these disciplines and have enjoyed limited international success. Unfortunately, as there are currently no international regatta centres in Southern Africa, these same athletes have to travel abroad to compete and train at such facilities. South African athletes and the sports of rowing, canoeing and kayaking would thus benefit greatly from having access to locally based regatta facilities. KwaZulu-Natal has a proud sporting heritage and is synonymous with water sports as a result of its favourable climate and geographic location. This coupled with various other established sporting infrastructure, makes it the ideal Province for hosting major sporting events. Both Durban as a city and KwaZulu-Natal as a Province, have an impressive track record for hosting large sporting events. The Province has future aspirations of hosting major sporting events including the Commonwealth Games and the Olympics Games, with Durban soon hoping to be bidding to host the 2020 Summer Olympics. To host such events will require the design of many specialised sporting facilities for the city and will include the need for an international regatta centre. In my opinion, the best site for such a centre in KwaZulu-Natal is at Camps Drift in Pietermaritzburg. The requirements for an international regatta centre are both highly technical and very specific as set out by the respective world sporting governing bodies. These requirements need to be strictly adhered to in order for the Centre to be considered to be of an internationalstandard. The challenge will be to design architecture that is functional in achieving these set criteria while, remaining relevant to the social, economic and environmental context of its design. Thus the purpose of this research document is to determine a relevant architecture for the design of an International Regatta Centre for KwaZulu-Natal.
Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.

In a world of increased daily travel, more efficient means of transporting people become all the more relevant as citizens constantly try to bridge time and distance in an effort to get to work and other meeting places. The ability to transport large numbers of people at the same time, establishes the rail transport as one such mode viable for this task. As a result, cities throughout the world constantly revive existing rail networks and introduce new ones to cater for this growing traveling demand of the 21 st century. The most popular forms of transportation in the city of Durban, namely the bus, taxi and private car are the main contributors to the traffic congestion and air pollution problems in the city, hence the need to reconsider the importance of the train. Following international precedent, South Africa is planning to revive its railway services by changing its image and ensuring passenger safety in order to establish it as a major public transport system (Ministry of transport, 2006). In creating the building form of railway station buildings, it is necessary to understand passenger movement and activity within the station as well as the spaces required for such activities. This is vital if the designer has to make a meaningful contribution to society though his building intervention. Railway stations do not function in isolation to other modes of transportation in the city, hence the need for this study to consider the station in a node or interchange context to enforce its role within the city's transportation system as a whole.
Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2008.

The purpose of this thesis is to determine the significance of sport in society and its influence on the urban fabric and architecture. The project investigates the relationship between the built form and sport in the design of an urban framework and High Performance Centre for Kings Park, Durban. More specifically, the investigation has three primary objectives, ranging from the macro to the micro context or from the broad to the more specific, (Social, Urban and Architectural). The first aim will explore the social aspects of sport and its influence on culture, specifically with regard to nation building in South Africa. Secondly the focus narrows to the use of the sports event as a means of generating an urban intervention which uplifts an area of ‘lost space’ within the Kings Park Precinct. The final point focuses on creating a relevant and meaningful architectural response, which is responsive to both its users and the surrounding context. The design of the proposed urban and architectural intervention will be facilitated through the investigation of recent literature, theories, precedent and case studies, and personally conducted interviews with informed professionals. This research will determine a relevant architectural typology which is responsible and appropriate to its context. The design process becomes a reaction to defined internal and external stimuli with inherent restraints and opportunities, in which the end result becomes a synthesis of multiple inputs, generating a unique hybrid architecture.
Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.

Chow Tak Kin Aaron.
"Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2000-2001, design report."
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 51).
INTRODUCTION --- p.p.1
EARLY SEPTEMBER --- p.p.2
MID SEPTEMBER - END SEPTEMBER 2000 --- p.p.3-4
"OCTOBER 10, 2000" --- p.p.5-6
END OCTOBER 2000 --- p.p.7-11
EARLY NOVEMBER - MID DECEMBER 2000 --- p.p.12-15
EARLY JANUARY - END JANUARY 2001 --- p.p.16-24
EARLY FEBRUARY - END MARCH 2001 --- p.p.25-38
CONCLUSION --- p.p.39
APPENDIX 1 --- p.p.40-50
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.p.51

Lam Fung Ki Selina.
"Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 1998-99, design report."
Includes bibliographical references (leave 46).
Acknowledgements
Foreword
Summary
Introduction
Fisherina
Project Summary
Conclusions
Background
Outline of Process
Case Studies (Summary)
Background
Client
Users Analysis
Site Selection
Physical Conditions
Location
Problem and Oppotunities
Project Brief
Site and Constraints
Space Program
Design Guidelines
The Design
Design Development
Final Design
Bibliography
Appendix
Case Studies
Interviews
Schedule of Accomodations
Technical Studies
Vanishing Maritime Heritage
Statistics
Site Photos
Chronology

This study explores the utilisation of spatial technologies as a tool to analyse and combat crime. The study deals specifically with remote sensing and its potential for being integrated with geographical information systems (GIS). The integrated spatial approach resulted in the understanding of land use class behaviour over time and its relationship to specific crime incidents per police precinct area. The incorporation of spatial technologies to test criminological theories in practice, such as the ecological theories of criminology, provides the science with strategic value. It proves the value of combining multi-disciplinary scientific fields to create a more advanced platform to understand land use behaviour and its relationship to crime. Crime in South Africa is a serious concern and it impacts negatively on so many lives. The fear of crime, the loss of life, the socio-economic impact of crime, etc. create the impression that the battle against crime has been lost. The limited knowledge base within the law enforcement agencies, limited logistical resources and low retention rate of critical staff all contribute to making the reduction of crime more difficult to achieve. A practical procedure of using remote sensing technology integrated with geographical information systems (GIS), overlaid with geo-coded crime data to provide a spatial technological basis to analyse and combat crime, is illustrated by a practical study of the Tshwane municipality area. The methodology applied in this study required multi-skilled resources incorporating GIS and the understanding of crime to integrate the diverse scientific fields into a consolidated process that can contribute to the combating of crime in general. The existence of informal settlement areas in South Africa stresses the socio-economic problems that need to be addressed as there is a clear correlation of land use data with serious crime incidents in these areas. The fact that no formal cadastre exists for these areas, combined with a great diversity in densification and growth of the periphery, makes analysis very difficult without remote sensing imagery. Revisits over time to assess changes in these areas in order to adapt policing strategies will create an improved information layer for responding to crime. Final computerised maps generated from remote sensing and GIS layers are not the only information that can be used to prevent and combat crime. An important recipe for ultimately successfully managing and controlling crime in South Africa is to strategically combine training of the law enforcement agencies in the use of spatial information with police science. The researcher concludes with the hope that this study will contribute to the improved utilisation of spatial technology to analyse and combat crime in South Africa. The ultimate vision is the expansion of the science of criminology by adding an advanced spatial technology module to its curriculum.
Criminology
D.Litt. et Phil. (Criminology)