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Journal articles on the topic 'Sports stadia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Xiong, Dongxu, Kai Cheng, and Jingjing Chen. "Climate-Adaptive Design Strategies of Sports Stadia in a Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone: A Case Study of Nanjing." Buildings 13, no. 9 (2023): 2238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092238.

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Urban planning and design, with the objectives of energy efficiency and climate adaptation, is receiving more and more attention as urban energy consumption keeps rising. As technical representatives with large spans and high difficulties, sports stadia have a broad range of energy conservation and emission reduction compared with traditional buildings and have an extremely close relationship with the energy consumption of the building environment and urban microclimate, so it is necessary to study the climate adaptation design strategy of sports stadia. However, climate adaptive design has no

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Melrose, A., P. Hampton, and P. Manu. "Safety at Sports Stadia." Procedia Engineering 14 (2011): 2205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.07.277.

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Thornley, Andy. "Urban Regeneration and Sports Stadia." European Planning Studies 10, no. 7 (2002): 813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0965431022000013220.

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McTier, Alexander John. "The emergence and conceptualisation of community stadia in the UK." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 35, no. 8 (2020): 747–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02690942211003055.

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New professional sports stadia have been widely advanced as flagship developments that can generate jobs and wealth, support place branding and culture-led strategies, and host mega-events. Public funding for new stadia has been secured on these bases but also challenged as stadia costs are under-estimated and the benefits, particularly for lower income communities, exaggerated. Emerging in this context, community stadia are an intriguing phenomenon as they offer the potential for professional sports stadia to deliver on community aims alongside their sporting, commercial and economic developm

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5

KATZER, NIKOLAUS. "Introduction: sports stadia and modern urbanism." Urban History 37, no. 2 (2010): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926810000337.

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Despite the fact that sporting spaces reflect key shifts in thinking about town planning, sports architecture is still an underexplored area in the historiography of urban design. The architects, engineers and designers attempting to regenerate and rejuvenate cities after World War II were aware of the popular interest in competitive sports. Stadia and landscape design were intended to help erase the negative urban images of nationalism and totalitarianism. By starting a dialogue with the past, town planners questioned the grandeur and monumentalism prevalent in architecture since the late nin

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Submissions, SUSA, and Alec Skillings. "Adaptive Reuse of Sport Stadiums and Collective Memories: Rexall Place as a Site for the Continuation of the Oilers Dynasty and Civic Pride." INvoke 2 (July 10, 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/invoke29329.

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Sports stadiums work to shape the identity of cities and reflect their cultural attitudes. From the Luzhniki Sports Complex’s material representation of Soviet Russia’s political leanings and ideologies to the Houston Astrodome’s display of technological advancement, stadia architecture has strong connections to regional zeitgeists. In this paper, I explain the importance of stadia architecture and how it is embedded in the collective memories of sports fans and citizens. As well, I explain how stadia architecture carries political and social consequences. Adaptive reuse or demolition of aband

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Chen, Yinghua,, Agyemang Prempeh Fredua Sylvester, Mandella Osei Assibey Bonsu, and Andrews Yaw Minkah. "Practice of Maintenance Management of Infrastructures on Sports Stadia in Ghana." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 4 (2018): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i4.14064.

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The paper assessed the maintenance practices of traditional public stadia in Ghana. It also sought to evaluate the current state, causes, and effects of poor maintenance practices on the stadia. The study used structured questionnaires administered to 60 maintenance managers, equipment officers, and property officers. The questionnaire administration was done using the purposive sampling technique. The findings show that failing to respond on time, routine inspection, stadium design and structure and utilization of unstandardized material were perceived by respondent as the main causes of poor

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Szychowska, Agnieszka, Joanna Ruszkowska, and Wojciech Drygas. "Healthy Stadia Programme: innovative approach to health promotion." Polish Journal of Public Health 129, no. 1 (2019): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2019-0001.

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Abstract Sports stadia play an important role in local communities, therefore they are seen as very suitable places for various health promotion programmes. Since 2005, the Healthy Stadia programme has become a new standard for establishing policies regarding health promotion in local communities and during big international tournaments. This programme is an example of an effective setting-based approach to health promotion. Being funded by the European Union Public Health Programme, it has gained popularity in many European countries and also in Canada and Australia. Key parts of the programm

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Haasz, A. A., and B. Kamen. "Annular air-curtain domes for sports stadia." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 25, no. 1 (1986): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(86)90105-4.

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Göppert, Knut, Lorenz Haspel, and Christoph Paech. "New retractable roof solutions for sports stadia." Revista de Estrutura do Aço 1, no. 1 (2012): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/aco-2238-9377-1-1-4.

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Siegfried, John, and Andrew Zimbalist. "The Economics of Sports Facilities and Their Communities." Journal of Economic Perspectives 14, no. 3 (2000): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.14.3.95.

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Since the 1950s, taxpayers have been the primary investors in stadia built for the use of privately-owned professional sports teams. Team owners have argued that sports facilities boost local economic activity; however, economic reasoning and empirical evidence suggest the opposite. Public support for stadia is also driven by demand for community image, and owners of sports teams supply a scarce input into image enhancement--participation in the major league--for which they have been able to extract monopoly rents from dispersed taxpayers. We suggest reforms to dissipate the monopoly sports le

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12

Ginesta, Xavier. "The business of stadia: Maximizing the use of Spanish Football venues." Tourism and Hospitality Research 17, no. 4 (2016): 411–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1467358416646608.

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In 2014, FC Barcelona and Real Madrid presented a project for the remodelling of their stadia. The new stadia of both clubs will be, not only a place to attend live sports events, but also somewhere fans will be able to consume both football brands permanently, every moment of the day. Currently, stadia have become commodities themselves. At a time when TV rights in Spain were thrown into crisis, sports organizations understand that sports venues allow them to create other significant income sources that could help them to increase their season’s turnover. Hospitality and events packages, for

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Jones, Calvin, Max Munday, and Neil Roche. "Can regional sports stadia ever be economically significant?" Regional Science Policy & Practice 2, no. 1 (2010): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-7802.2010.01020.x.

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14

Stevens, Terry, and Glyn Wootton. "Sports Stadia and Arena: Realising Their Full Potential." Tourism Recreation Research 22, no. 2 (1997): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508281.1997.11014801.

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Drygas, W., J. Ruszkowska, M. Philpott, et al. "Good practices and health policy analysis in European sports stadia: results from the 'Healthy Stadia' project." Health Promotion International 28, no. 2 (2011): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dar088.

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Baloyi, Lucius, and Michiel Bekker. "Causes of construction cost and time overruns: The 2010 FIFA World Cup stadia in South Africa." Acta Structilia 18, no. 1 (2011): 51–67. https://doi.org/10.38140/as.v18i1.111.

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The FIFA World Cup is the largest international sports event in the world. Hosting the FIFA World Cup remains a sought after goal for any country. Due to the magnitude of spectators and scale of participation the hosting of the event requires substantial investment in infrastructure, especially the stadia where the various football games will be played. The award of the 2010 FIFA World Cup to South Africa resulted in ten stadia to be either upgraded or newly constructed for the event in South Africa. Even though all the stadia were ready for the tournament, nearly all projects experienced time

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17

Morris, A. "Criteria affecting the design and management of sports stadia." Property Management 9, no. 1 (1991): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02637479110029810.

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18

Bairner, Alan. "Nation and sporting places: exploring the national stadia of a (dis)United Kingdom." Review of Nationalities 9, no. 1 (2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2019-0001.

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AbstractThe focus of this paper is sports stadia in Britain and Ireland and, by implication, the politics of identity in a multi-national United Kingdom, arguably more divided than at any time since the Act of Union in 1707 because of the decision to leave the European Union. The paper discusses sports stadia in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland and, by necessary extension, the Republic of Ireland. I argue that, because of the multi-national character of the United Kingdom, it is impossible to identify a single British national stadium. In addition, in the UK’s various constituent

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19

Göppert, Knut. "Invention and Innovation - New roof concepts for large sports stadia." IABSE Symposium Report 101, no. 23 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137813808626641.

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20

Carter, Mary-Ann, R. Edwards, L. Signal, and J. Hoek. "Availability and marketing of food and beverages to children through sports settings: a systematic review." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 8 (2011): 1373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001100320x.

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AbstractObjectiveThe current systematic review aimed to identify and critically appraise research on food environments in sports settings, including research into the types of food and beverages available, the extent and impact of food and beverage sponsorship and marketing, and views about food environments among key stakeholders.DesignA systematic review. Fourteen English-language studies (two were papers describing different facets of the same study), published between 1985 and 2011, were identified from searches of electronic databases and bibliographies of primary studies.SettingMost stud

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21

Brown, Clyde, and David M. Paul. "Local Organized Interests and the 1996 Cincinnati Sports Stadia Tax Referendum." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 23, no. 2 (1999): 218–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723599232008.

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22

Chen, Lei, and Yangluxi Li. "Effects of different auditorium forms on ventilation in a football stadium." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 8 (2019): 1070–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x19873132.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of enclosed auditorium types on the wind ventilation environment inside a large semi-outdoor stadium. Stadia can be divided into three basic forms: all enclosed type auditorium, two sided and three-sided type auditorium. Different forms could have different effects on the wind environment inside a stadium, and the wind environment could have an impact on the competition in the stadium. In this study, a computer simulated hydrodynamics technology was used to model the stadium in different enclosed auditorium types. The wind environment in th

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Brown, Clyde, and David M. Paul. "The campaign by Cincinnati business interests for strong mayors and sports stadia." Social Science Journal 37, no. 2 (2000): 161–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0362-3319(00)00053-7.

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24

Davies, Larissa E. "Not in my back yard! Sports stadia location and the property market." Area 37, no. 3 (2005): 268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4762.2005.00630.x.

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25

Bertsatos, Georgios, and Gerassimos Sapountzoglou. "Estimating the fundamental value of sports clubs and stadia: Application to Panathinaikos FC and Leoforosmes." Review of Economic Analysis 17, no. 2 (2025): 193–227. https://doi.org/10.15353/rea.v17i2.5629.

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We propose a fundamental valuation model for sports clubs and stadia using discounted (adjusted) revenues. We argue that a sports club is a “quasi firm” that aims to balance budgets, achieve an efficient allocation of financial resources, and maximize revenues. Under this objective the sports club’s welfare and value are maximized. Then we offer a method for estimating the value of a sports club’s stadium. The proposed valuation model can be useful during acquisition negotiations or for assessing managerial performance. Combining the proposed model with stochastic Monte Carlo simulations, we e

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26

Goliger, Adam M. "South African sports stadia - from the perspective of the 2010 FIFA World Cup." Bautechnik 82, no. 3 (2005): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bate.200590060.

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27

Seifried, Chad, Tiffany E. Demiris, and Jeffrey Petersen. "Baylor University’s Football Stadia: Life Before McLane Stadium." Sport History Review 52, no. 1 (2021): 70–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/shr.2020-0020.

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The present study offers a descriptive history of the football grounds at Baylor from 1894 to 2014. The current review identifies important individuals and notable events that impacted the football facilities at Baylor. Moreover, the contextual factors influencing each period of change were recognized, and it was determined if Baylor’s facilities followed the pattern of other regional peers. In the case of Baylor, football ultimately created social anchors for the institution and Waco because the increasing popularity and commercial interest in college football produced spectacles capable of p

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Viggars, M., and M. Philpott. "Banning smoking outside sports stadia: a step forward for public health in the UK." Perspectives in Public Health 145, no. 2 (2025): 62–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139251318197.

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This article expands upon the existing discourse on smoke-free policies by examining the practical and public health impacts of prohibiting smoking in outdoor sports settings, a policy supported by a majority of UK adults. Viggars and Philpott's article offers timely insights in light of emerging UK legislation proposals.

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Ahlfeldt, Gabriel M., and Georgios Kavetsos. "Form or function?: the effect of new sports stadia on property prices in London." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society) 177, no. 1 (2013): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rssa.12006.

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Lopez-Gonzalez, Hibai, Mark D. Griffiths, and Ana Estévez. "In-Play Betting, Sport Broadcasts, and Gambling Severity: A Survey Study of Spanish Sports Bettors on the Risks of Betting on Sport While Watching It." Communication & Sport 8, no. 1 (2018): 50–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167479518816338.

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Fans watching live sport events, both mediated or in stadia, have witnessed an increase in sports betting products. Most of these products feature in-play betting, that is, the ability to bet on a game once it has started while watching it. In-play betting has raised many concerns among responsible gambling advocates due to its perceived relationship with problem gambling behaviour. This study explored the association between in-play betting and problem gambling. More specifically, the study examined how motives for consuming sport and how involved sports fans were in watching sport affected t

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Glebova, Ekaterina, Michel Desbordes, and Gabor Geczi. "Relocations of Sports Spectators’ Customer Experiences." Testnevelés, Sport, Tudomány 5, no. 1-2 (2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21846/tst.2020.1-2.4.

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In this paper, we aim to explain a phenomenon of “Sports Spectators’ Customers’ Experiences’ (SSCX) locations”, overview today locations of sports consumption experiences for sports fans, find the changes in these locations, and define the main drivers of shift. It provides a concept for studying the effects of new technologies on sports spectator experiences, with the intention of future research at the intersection of topics Customer Experience (CX), Sports Spectacle (SS), and Technology. The main novelties of this study imply a rapid technology uptake and appear of absolutely new ways of sp

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Burke, Matthew, and Geoffrey Woolcock. "Getting to the game: travel to sports stadia in the era of transit-oriented development." Sport in Society 12, no. 7 (2009): 890–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17430430903053158.

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Wanyonyi, Lilian, Joseph Njoroge, and Richard Juma. "Sports tourism events and socio-economic well-being of the host communities: Motivations and benefits from an emerging destination." Events and Tourism Review 4, no. 1 (2021): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/24924.

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Travel and tourism industry has been considered as a major catalyst for local community development. As an alternative way of involving the host community in tourism activities directly, sports tourism aims to enable the hosts to earn income. Host community is an important stakeholder in tourism, their wellbeing is directly proportional to sustainable tourism. Nairobi city has hosted several sports tourism events for decades, but little has been documented on how such events promote the socio-economic wellbeing of the host community. This research sought to put sports tourism events into limel

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Ingwe, Richard, Walter Mboto, Felix Ojong, and Ikwun Angiating. "Bailing Out Collapsing Social Infrastructure in Developing Countries Through Sports: How Football is Contributing to Healthcare Improvement in Urban Nigeria." Sport Science Review 21, no. 1-2 (2012): 79–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10237-012-0005-7.

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Bailing Out Collapsing Social Infrastructure in Developing Countries Through Sports: How Football is Contributing to Healthcare Improvement in Urban Nigeria Although the role of sports in shaping/changing urban and regional landscapes through megalomaniac building of stadia, golf courses, among other spectacular artifacts have recently attracted tremendous academic research interests, sports' role in improving collapsing health-care infrastructure in developing countries is poorly documented. Here, we show the potentials of football in multi-stakeholder mobilization for financing/improving/ in

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Schimmel, Kimberly S. "From ‘Violence-complacent’ to ‘Terrorist-ready’." Urban Studies 48, no. 15 (2011): 3277–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098011422396.

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This study focuses on emerging discourses of stadium and event security at the US National Football League’s (NFL) annual Super Bowl game. Unlike the championship series in other US sports leagues in which games are located in the cities of the teams that qualify, the NFL’s Super Bowl game is ‘awarded’ to cities after a competitive bidding process. The Super Bowl provides an interesting case study because football stadia are now developed based not only on franchise owners’ demands regarding profit and control, but also on the NFL’s requirements for hosting a Super Bowl. These requirements rea

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Kitchin, Paul J., Juan Luis Paramio-Salcines, Simon Darcy, and Geoff Walters. "Exploring the accessibility of sport stadia for people with disability: towards the development of a Stadium Accessibility Scale (SAS)." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 12, no. 1 (2022): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-05-2021-0064.

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PurposeThe aim of this paper is to synthesise existing literature on sports stadia, spectators with disabilities (SwD) and accessibility to identify themes and to highlight the gaps in the literature. This review subsequently develops two propositions that will enable research in this emerging area to further develop.Design/methodology/approachThe research was guided by two research questions: First, what does the peer reviewed evidence tell us about SwD and the accessibility of sporting stadia?; Second, how can this information be used to develop a Stadium Accessibility Scale (SAS)? The autho

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van Hooff, T., B. Blocken, and M. van Harten. "3D CFD simulations of wind flow and wind-driven rain shelter in sports stadia: Influence of stadium geometry." Building and Environment 46, no. 1 (2011): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.06.013.

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Naraine, Michael L., Norm O'Reilly, Nadège Levallet, and Liz Wanless. "If you build it, will they log on? Wi–Fi usage and behavior while attending National Basketball Association games." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 10, no. 2 (2020): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-02-2019-0016.

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PurposeAlthough sports fans have increased their use of digital media to consume sport, especially at professional sport venues, it is unknown the extent to which patrons of said venues are utilizing venue services for these activities. As such, this study asks: (1) How much data do patrons at a sports venue consume via the provided Wi–Fi? and (2) What types of online activity behaviors do Wi–Fi users at sports venues exhibit?Design/methodology/approachThis empirical study reports stadia Wi–Fi data usage and consumer behavior from three National Basketball Association venues in the United Stat

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Ruszkowska, Joanna, Matthew Philpott, Olav Björkström, Robin Ireland, and Wojciech Drygas. "HOW POLISH SPORTS OBJECTS COPE WITH HEALTH PROMOTION IN THE COMMUNITY? – RESULTS OF THE EUROPEAN HEALTHY STADIA GOOD PRACTICES AUDIT." Polish Journal of Sports Medicine 28, no. 2 (2012): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/1232406x.1008004.

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Frosdick, Steve. "“Safety cultures” in British stadia and sporting venues: understanding cross‐organizational collaboration for managing public safety in British sports grounds." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 4, no. 4 (1995): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09653569510213032.

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Jones, Calvin. "A Level Playing Field? Sports Stadium Infrastructure and Urban Development in the United Kingdom." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 33, no. 5 (2001): 845–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a33158.

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A number of cities in the United Kingdom have recently placed a policy focus on the ability of sports events and stadia to stimulate economic and physical regeneration. Such development is most often justified from a development and regeneration perspective. Under this paradigm, the urban redevelopment which occurs consequent on stadium construction creates benefits which ‘trickle down’ from property developers, sports teams, and stadium operators to the wider community—largely in the form of employment growth. However, the attraction of the hallmark events which are (in the United Kingdom) th

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Hoye, Russell, and Matthew Nicholson. "Sport stadia governance." Sport Management Review 13, no. 2 (2010): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2009.07.003.

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Wassmer, Robert W. "Metropolitan Prosperity from Major League Sports in the CBD: Stadia Locations or Just Strength of the Central City? A Reply to Arthur C. Nelson." Economic Development Quarterly 15, no. 3 (2001): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124240101500306.

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HOLEKA, P., F. STUDNIČKA, J. ŠTĚPÁN, et al. "Novel Method for Detecting the Stage of Arthrosis and Femoroacetabular Impingement Using a Gyroscopic Sensor and Neural Networks." Acta chirurgiae orthopaedicae et traumatologiae Cechoslovaca 90, no. 5 (2023): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.55095/achot2023/041.

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Vandoni, Matteo, Ottavia E. Ferraro, Alessandro Gatti, et al. "The Role of Crowd Support on Home Advantage during COVID-19 Restrictions on Italian Football Competitions. Comparison between 2018–19 and 2020–21 Seasons of the Italian Serie A and Serie B Championships." Sports 10, no. 2 (2022): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports10020017.

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The home advantage (HA) affects football competitions, especially due to the presence of crowd support. Even though several studies demonstrated that HA (which is influenced by the crowd) decreased in recent years, the empty stadia caused by COVID-19 restrictions offered unique situations to explore and quantify HA. For this reason, we aimed to assess HA in two seasons of the major Italian Championships. We conducted an observational study with the data from the last three seasons of the Italian football championship A–B series, analyzing a total of 2.964 individual game scores. To quantify th

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Ndlovu, Jenitha. "Spectator Violence in Football Matches in Bulawayo Metropolitan Province." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. IX (2023): 734–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.70962.

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Spectator violence is a phenomenon that has been associated with professional football in Europe. Issues of hooliganism, tribal tendencies and insecurity have found their place in African football. This paper interrogates issues of spectator violence in football in Bulawayo Metropolitan Province. The paper is grounded on frustration-aggression theory (Miller & Dollard, 1939) in trying to determine the causes, nature and impact of violence in sports. A descriptive qualitative approach was adopted in which interviews were conducted to collect views, attitudes and opinions of the spectators,

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Makaudze, Godwin, and Vusi Musa Magongo. "The dialectics of sport and history." Naming and Labelling Contexts of Cultural Importance in Africa 10, no. 2 (2023): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijolc.00050.mak.

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Abstract This article explores the link between sport and history. It engages the linguistic landscaping and etymological analysis approaches to trace the origins of the names of stadia and their socio-historical significance. In-depth interviews and document analysis are used in the examination of five names of stadia: Somhlolo National Stadium, Mavuso Trade Centre Stadium, King Sobhuza II Memorial Stadium, Prince Wales Stadium, and Simunye Park Stadium. The findings show that the names of these stadia are a heritage, as past history and heroes are commemorated through them. Moreover, these s

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Leary, Alison, Anthony Kemp, Peter Greenwood, et al. "Crowd medical services in the English Football League: remodelling the team for the 21st century using a realist approach." BMJ Open 7, no. 12 (2017): e018619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018619.

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the new model of providing care based on demand. This included reconfiguration of the workforce to manage workforce supply challenges and meet demand without compromising the quality of care.DesignCurrently the Sports Ground Safety Authority recommends the provision of crowd medical cover at English Football League stadia. The guidance on provision of services has focused on extreme circumstances such as the Hillsborough disaster in 1989, while the majority of demand on present-day services is from patients with minor injuries, exacerbations of injuries and pre-existing c

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Al-Dosari, Khalifa. "Analysis of the anticipated and potential economic impacts of mega sporting events on developing countries: a case of FIFA 2020 World Cup in Qatar." Journal of Business & Management (COES&RJ-JBM) 8, no. 3 (2020): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.25255/2306.8043.2020.8.3.156.176.

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Mega sporting events have been hailed for resulting in economic growth, evident in high investments, growth of businesses, and development of infrastructure because of the increased number of investors, tourists, and fans visiting host countries during such events. Even though host countries may experience non-economic benefits, such as a good legacy from the mega sporting events, there are also significant economic benefits realised by host countries. The study intended to assess the anticipated economic impacts of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar as a developing country. The study engaged in

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Ramshaw, Gregory. "Sport heritage and the healthy stadia agenda: an overview." Sport in Society 20, no. 2 (2016): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2016.1173917.

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