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Journal articles on the topic 'Sporulation conditions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ferreira, Julio C., Anita D. Panek, and Pedro S. de Araujo. "Inactivation of maltose permease and maltase in sporulatingSaccharomyces cerevisiae." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 46, no. 4 (2000): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w99-136.

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Maltose transport and maltase activities were inactivated during sporulation of a MAL constitutive yeast strain harboring different MAL loci. Both activities were reduced to almost zero after 5 h of incubation in sporulation medium. The inactivation of maltase and maltose permease seems to be related to optimal sporulation conditions such as a suitable supply of oxygen and cell concentration in the sporulating cultures, and occurs in the fully derepressed conditions of incubation in the sporulation acetate medium. The inactivation of maltase and maltose permease under sporulation conditions in

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2

Ozsarac, N., M. J. Straffon, H. E. Dalton, and I. W. Dawes. "Regulation of gene expression during meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: SPR3 is controlled by both ABFI and a new sporulation control element." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 3 (1997): 1152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.3.1152.

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The SPR3 gene encodes a sporulation-specific homolog of the yeast Cdc3/10/11/12 family of bud neck filament proteins. It is expressed specifically during meiosis and sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Analysis of the sporulation-specific regulation of SPR3 has shown that it is strongly activated under sporulating conditions but shows low levels of expression under nonsporulating conditions. A palindromic sequence located near the TATA box is essential to the developmental regulation of this gene and is the only element directly activating SPR3 at the right time during sporulation. Within

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3

Eswaramoorthy, Prahathees, Jeffrey Dinh, Daniel Duan, Oleg A. Igoshin, and Masaya Fujita. "Single-cell measurement of the levels and distributions of the phosphorelay components in a population of sporulating Bacillus subtilis cells." Microbiology 156, no. 8 (2010): 2294–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.038497-0.

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Upon nutrient starvation, the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis switches from growth to sporulation by activating a multicomponent phosphorelay consisting of a major sensor histidine kinase (KinA), two phosphotransferases (Spo0F and Spo0B) and a response regulator (Spo0A). Although the primary sporulation signal(s) produced under starvation conditions is not known, it is believed that the reception of a signal(s) on the sensor kinase results in the activation of autophosphorylation of the enzyme. The phosphorylated kinase transfers the phosphate group to Spo0A via the phosphorelay and

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4

Eswaramoorthy, Prahathees, Daniel Duan, Jeffrey Dinh, Ashlee Dravis, Seram Nganbiton Devi, and Masaya Fujita. "The Threshold Level of the Sensor Histidine Kinase KinA Governs Entry into Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 15 (2010): 3870–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00466-10.

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ABSTRACT Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is controlled by a complex gene regulatory circuit that is activated upon nutrient deprivation. The initial process is directed by the phosphorelay, involving the major sporulation histidine kinase (KinA) and two additional phosphotransferases (Spo0F and Spo0B), that activates the master transcription factor Spo0A. Little is known about the initial event and mechanisms that trigger sporulation. Using a strain in which the synthesis of KinA is under the control of an IPTG (isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside)-inducible promoter, here we demonstrate that

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5

Caffi, Tito, Giovanna Gilardi, Matteo Monchiero, and Vittorio Rossi. "Production and Release of Asexual Sporangia in Plasmopara viticola." Phytopathology® 103, no. 1 (2013): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-04-12-0082-r.

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To study the influence of environmental conditions on sporulation of Plasmopara viticola lesions under vineyard's conditions, unsprayed vines were inspected every second or third day and the numbers of sporulating and nonsporulating lesions were counted in two North Italy vineyards in 2008 to 2010. Infected leaves were removed so that only fresh lesions were assessed at each field assessment. Sporulation was studied at two scales, across field assessments and across the seasonal population of lesions. Frequencies of sporulating lesions were positively correlated with the numbers of moist hours

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6

Olempska-Beer, Z., and E. Freese. "Initiation of meiosis and sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not require a decrease in cyclic AMP." Molecular and Cellular Biology 7, no. 6 (1987): 2141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.7.6.2141-2147.1987.

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Meiosis and sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are initiated in a guanine auxotroph by guanine deprivation (E. Bautz Freese, Z. Olempska-Beer, A. Hartig, and E. Freese, Dev. Biol. 102:438-451, 1984). We used this condition to examine a hypothesis (K. Matsumoto, I. Uno, and T. Ishikawa, Cell 32:417-423, 1983) that initiation of meiosis requires a low level of cAMP. We found that, after guanine deprivation, the intracellular concentration of cAMP transiently decreased not more than 20% and not at all if the cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) was added to the

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7

Olempska-Beer, Z., and E. Freese. "Initiation of meiosis and sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not require a decrease in cyclic AMP." Molecular and Cellular Biology 7, no. 6 (1987): 2141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.7.6.2141.

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Meiosis and sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are initiated in a guanine auxotroph by guanine deprivation (E. Bautz Freese, Z. Olempska-Beer, A. Hartig, and E. Freese, Dev. Biol. 102:438-451, 1984). We used this condition to examine a hypothesis (K. Matsumoto, I. Uno, and T. Ishikawa, Cell 32:417-423, 1983) that initiation of meiosis requires a low level of cAMP. We found that, after guanine deprivation, the intracellular concentration of cAMP transiently decreased not more than 20% and not at all if the cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) was added to the

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8

Poletto, Tales, Marlove F. B. Muniz, Vinícius S. Fantinel, et al. "Culture Medium, Light Regime and Temperature Affect the Development of Sirosporium diffusum." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 6 (2018): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n6p310.

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Sirosporium diffusum is the causal agent of the brown leaf spot disease on pecan trees that seriously damages the foliage of adult plants and seedlings. This fungal species is difficult to grow satisfactorily in a culture medium. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different physical conditions on the development of S. diffusum. In the first assay, eight culture media and five light regimes were combined, while in the second, the three treatments that promoted highest sporulation were combined with three temperatures. The trials were conducted in a two-factorial arr

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9

FAILLE, CHRISTINE, JEANNE MARIE MEMBRE, MARTINE KUBACZKA, and FRANÇOISE GAVINI. "Altered Ability of Bacillus cereus Spores To Grow under Unfavorable Conditions (Presence of Nisin, Low Temperature, Acidic pH, Presence of NaCl) following Heat Treatment during Sporulation." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 12 (2002): 1930–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.12.1930.

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The effect of thermal treatment on the heat resistance of Bacillus cereus spores and their ability to germinate and grow under more or less adverse conditions during sporulation was investigated. Spores produced by sporulating cells subjected to a mild heat treatment (at a temperature 15°C higher than the growth temperature) were more resistant to heat than were spores produced by untreated cells. Spore germination and growth (the lag time, the maximal growth rate, and the occurrence of a decrease in population) may be greatly affected by adverse environmental conditions brought about by the a

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10

Kaback, D. B., and L. R. Feldberg. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibits a sporulation-specific temporal pattern of transcript accumulation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 5, no. 4 (1985): 751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.5.4.751-761.1985.

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Cultures of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are heterozygous for the mating type (MATa/MAT alpha) undergo synchronous meiosis and spore formation when starved for nitrogen and supplied with a nonfermentable carbon source such as acetate. Haploid and homozygous MAT alpha/MAT alpha and MATa/MATa diploid cells incubated under the same conditions fail to undergo meiosis and are asporogenous. It has not yet been firmly established that gene expression during sporulation is controlled at the level of transcript accumulation. To examine this question, we used cloned genes that encode a variet

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Kaback, D. B., and L. R. Feldberg. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibits a sporulation-specific temporal pattern of transcript accumulation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 5, no. 4 (1985): 751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.5.4.751.

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Cultures of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are heterozygous for the mating type (MATa/MAT alpha) undergo synchronous meiosis and spore formation when starved for nitrogen and supplied with a nonfermentable carbon source such as acetate. Haploid and homozygous MAT alpha/MAT alpha and MATa/MATa diploid cells incubated under the same conditions fail to undergo meiosis and are asporogenous. It has not yet been firmly established that gene expression during sporulation is controlled at the level of transcript accumulation. To examine this question, we used cloned genes that encode a variet

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12

Graat, E. A. M., A. M. Henken, H. W. Ploeger, J. P. T. M. Noordhuizen, and M. H. Vertommen. "Rate and course of sporulation of oocysts ofEimeria acervulinaunder different environmental conditions." Parasitology 108, no. 5 (1994): 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000077350.

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SummaryAn experiment was conducted to determine the rate and maximum percentage of sporulation ofEimeria acervulinaoocysts at various environmental conditions relating to temperature (21 versus 33 °C) and relative humidity (RH) (40 versus 80%). Measurements were made during 44 h after excretion of oocysts in 3 substrates: dry litter, clammy litter and pure faeces respectively. Maximum sporulation percentage in both dry (22·6%) and clammy litter (19·5%) was higher (P< 0·005) than in pure faeces (11·6%). Neither temperature nor RH had a significant influence on percentage of oocysts that spor

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13

Su, H., A. H. C. van Bruggen, K. V. Subbarao, and H. Scherm. "Sporulation of Bremia lactucae Affected by Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Wind in Controlled Conditions." Phytopathology® 94, no. 4 (2004): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2004.94.4.396.

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The effects of temperature (5 to 25°C), relative humidity (81 to 100%), wind speed (0 to 1.0 m s-1), and their interactions on sporulation of Bremia lactucae on lettuce cotyledons were investigated in controlled conditions. Sporulation was affected significantly (P < 0.0001) by temperature, with an optimum at 15°C, and by relative humidity (RH), with sporulation increasing markedly at RH ≥ 90%. There was a significant effect of exposure time in relation to temperature (P = 0.0007) but not to RH. In separate experiments, both RH and wind speed significantly (P < 0.0001) affected the numbe

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14

Ufano, Sandra, Pedro San-Segundo, Francisco del Rey, and Carlos R. Vázquez de Aldana. "SWM1, a Developmentally Regulated Gene, Is Required for Spore Wall Assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 3 (1999): 2118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.3.2118.

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ABSTRACT Meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is followed by encapsulation of haploid nuclei within multilayered spore walls. Formation of this spore-specific wall requires the coordinated activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of its components. Completion of late events in the sporulation program, leading to spore wall formation, requires the SWM1 gene.SWM1 is expressed at low levels during vegetative growth but its transcription is strongly induced under sporulating conditions, with kinetics similar to those of middle sporulation-specific genes. Homozygous swm1Δ diploids proceed no

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15

Sun, G. C., S. Y. Sun, and Z. T. Shen. "Conditions for Sporulation of Rice Blast (Bl) Fungus." International Rice Research Newsletter 14, no. 5 (1989): 12–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7155887.

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This article 'Conditions for Sporulation of Rice Blast (Bl) Fungus' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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16

Decaudin, Mathilde, and Jean-Luc Tholozan. "A comparative study on the conditions of growth and sporulation of three strains of Clostridium petfringens type A." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 42, no. 3 (1996): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m96-044.

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Different conditions of growth and sporulation of a strain of Clostridium perfringens type A (NCTC 8798) and two derived mutant strains, the lysozyme-germination dependent strain 8-6 and the revertant strain R3, have been determined. No sporulation was detected for the three strains in the Duncan and Strong (DS) medium; 100% sporulation was routinely obtained for the two mutant strains in the defined (D) medium. Factors promoting in vitro sporulation of C. perfringens type A were assayed: the volume of the culture, the type of preculture, and the addition of lysozyme in precultures. The paper

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17

Filgueira D., Juan José, and Angélica Zambrano. "Temperature effect on rose downy mildew development under environmental controlled conditions." Agronomía Colombiana 32, no. 1 (2014): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v32n1.41362.

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The rose downy mildew disease, caused by Peronospora sparsa Berkeley, is one of the most important that affect rose crops in Colombia. To manage this disease, flower growers must deal with high-costs due to the excessive application of fungicides, but without good results. Studies on P. sparsa behavior have shown its narrow relationship with environmental conditions. In this study, the temperature effect was evaluated during the infection and sporulation of P. sparsa in Charlotte leaflets, a susceptible commercial variety, through an environmental controlled conditions system. Infection and sp

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18

Shih, Neng-Jen, and Ronald G. Labbé. "Characterization and distribution of amylases during vegetative cell growth and sporulation ofClostridium perfringens." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 42, no. 7 (1996): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m96-086.

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Clostridium perfringens produced eight extracellular and two intracellular amylolytic activities when examined by zymograms following polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under native conditions. The major intracellular amylase was isolated from vegetative cells of C. perfringens. It possessed an estimated molecular mass of 112 kDa. Sulfhydryl and phenol functional groups were essential to its activity. The amylase was endo-acting on starch and also hydrolyzed pullulan. Polyclonal antisera against a purified extracellular amylase did not cross-react with intracellular amylase and the two amylase

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Jakubowski, H., and E. Goldman. "Evidence for cooperation between cells during sporulation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 12 (1988): 5166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.12.5166-5178.1988.

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Diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells heterozygous for the mating type locus (MATa/MAT alpha) undergo meiosis and sporulation when starved for nitrogen in the presence of a poor carbon source such as potassium acetate. Diploid yeast adenine auxotrophs sporulated well at high cell density (10(7) cells per ml) under these conditions but failed to differentiate at low cell density (10(5) cells per ml). The conditional sporulation-deficient phenotype of adenine auxotrophs could be complemented by wild-type yeast cells, by medium from cultures that sporulate at high cell density, or by exogenously

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Jakubowski, H., and E. Goldman. "Evidence for cooperation between cells during sporulation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 12 (1988): 5166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.12.5166.

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Diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells heterozygous for the mating type locus (MATa/MAT alpha) undergo meiosis and sporulation when starved for nitrogen in the presence of a poor carbon source such as potassium acetate. Diploid yeast adenine auxotrophs sporulated well at high cell density (10(7) cells per ml) under these conditions but failed to differentiate at low cell density (10(5) cells per ml). The conditional sporulation-deficient phenotype of adenine auxotrophs could be complemented by wild-type yeast cells, by medium from cultures that sporulate at high cell density, or by exogenously

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Stöver, Axel G., and Adam Driks. "Secretion, Localization, and Antibacterial Activity of TasA, a Bacillus subtilis Spore-Associated Protein." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 5 (1999): 1664–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.5.1664-1672.1999.

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ABSTRACT The synthesis and subcellular localization of the proteins that comprise the Bacillus subtilis spore are under a variety of complex controls. To better understand these controls, we have identified and characterized a 31-kDa sporulation protein, called TasA, which is secreted into the culture medium early in sporulation and is also incorporated into the spore. TasA synthesis begins approximately 30 min after the onset of sporulation and requires the sporulation transcription factor genes spo0H and spo0A. The first 81 nucleotides of tasA encode a 27-amino-acid sequence that resembles a

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22

Simchen, Giora, and Yona Kassir. "Genetic regulation of differentiation towards meiosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genome 31, no. 1 (1989): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-018.

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Normally, meiosis and sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae occur only in diploid strains and only when the cells are exposed to starvation conditions. Diploidy is determined by the mating-type system (the genes MAT, RME1, IME1), whereas the starvation signal is transmitted through the adenylate cyclase – protein kinase pathway (the genes CDC25, RAS2, CDC35 (CYR1), BCY1, TPK1, TPK2, TPK3). The two regulatory pathways converge at the gene IME1, which is a positive regulator of meiosis and whose early expression in sporulating cells correlates with the initiation of meiosis. Sites upstream (5′

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Sinnelä, Martti, Young Park, Jae Lee, et al. "Effects of Calcium and Manganese on Sporulation of Bacillus Species Involved in Food Poisoning and Spoilage." Foods 8, no. 4 (2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8040119.

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Spores are resistant against many extreme conditions including the disinfection and sterilization methods used in the food industry. Selective prevention of sporulation of Bacillus species is an ongoing challenge for food scientists and fermentation technologists. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of single and combined supplementation of calcium and manganese on sporulation of common pathogenic and food spoilage Bacillus species: B. cereus, B. licheniformis, B. subtilis and B. coagulans. Sporulation of Bacillus vegetative cells was induced on sporulation media supplemented with

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Traag, Bjorn A., Antonia Pugliese, Jonathan A. Eisen, and Richard Losick. "Gene Conservation among Endospore-Forming Bacteria Reveals Additional Sporulation Genes in Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 195, no. 2 (2012): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01778-12.

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ABSTRACTThe capacity to form endospores is unique to certain members of the low-G+C group of Gram-positive bacteria (Firmicutes) and requires signature sporulation genes that are highly conserved across members of distantly related genera, such asClostridiumandBacillus. Using gene conservation among endospore-forming bacteria, we identified eight previously uncharacterized genes that are enriched among endospore-forming species. The expression of five of these genes was dependent on sporulation-specific transcription factors. Mutants of none of the genes exhibited a conspicuous defect in sporu

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Gottlin-Ninfa, E., and D. B. Kaback. "Isolation and functional analysis of sporulation-induced transcribed sequences from Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 6, no. 6 (1986): 2185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.6.6.2185-2197.1986.

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Strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are heterozygous for the mating-type locus (MATa/MAT alpha) undergo meiosis and spore formation when they are starved for nitrogen and are provided with a nonfermentable carbon source such as potassium acetate. Haploids and diploids homozygous for the mating-type locus (MAT alpha/MAT alpha or MATa/MATa) are asporogenous and undergo neither meiosis nor spore formation when incubated under the same conditions. A small number of genes produce transcripts that appear to be induced specifically in sporulating cells. These transcripts either are not

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Gottlin-Ninfa, E., and D. B. Kaback. "Isolation and functional analysis of sporulation-induced transcribed sequences from Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 6, no. 6 (1986): 2185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.6.6.2185.

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Strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are heterozygous for the mating-type locus (MATa/MAT alpha) undergo meiosis and spore formation when they are starved for nitrogen and are provided with a nonfermentable carbon source such as potassium acetate. Haploids and diploids homozygous for the mating-type locus (MAT alpha/MAT alpha or MATa/MATa) are asporogenous and undergo neither meiosis nor spore formation when incubated under the same conditions. A small number of genes produce transcripts that appear to be induced specifically in sporulating cells. These transcripts either are not

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Kumar, D., SL Godara, and MK Sheshma. "Physiological studies on Alternaria porri caused purple blotch of onion under In-vitro conditions." Journal of Agriculture and Ecology 17 (December 31, 2023): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.58628/jae-2317-320.

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The effect of nutrient media, temperature, pH level, carbon and nitrogen ion concentration were studied on mycelial growth and sporulation of Alternaria porri caused purple blotch of onion. The investigations revealed that Potato dextrose agar was the best culture medium for A. porri. The maximum mycelial growth of A. porri was recorded on 30°C temperature (85.74 mm) and pH 7.0 (83.40 mm). A. porri grew significantly better response to the source of carbon nutrient media on mycelial growth and observed the maximum mycelial growth on maltose (88.26 mm) based medium with highest sporulation and

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Latgé, J. P., and J. J. Sanglier. "Optimisation de la croissance et de la sporulation de Conidiobolus obscurus en milieu défini." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 1 (1985): 68–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-011.

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Physical and nutritional factors influencing the growth and sporulation of Conidiobolus obscurus (Hall et Dunn) Remaudière et Keller were studied using simple and fragmented factorial designs and centered composite designs. Culture conditions allowing maximum sporulation were a temperature of 20 °C, complete darkness, and a near neutral pH of around 6.5. Under our experimental conditions, dextrose influenced neither the growth nor the sporulation of C. obscurus. The cations stimulating the formation of azygospores were magnesium and to a lesser extent zinc and manganese. Sulphur must be added

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Sawyer, A. J., M. E. Ramos, T. J. Poprawski, R. S. Soper, and R. I. Carruthers. "SEASONAL PATTERNS OF CADAVER PERSISTENCE AND SPORULATION BY THE FUNGAL PATHOGEN ENTOMOPHAGA GRYLLI (FRESENIUS) BATKO (ENTOMOPHTHORALES: ENTOMOPHTHORACEAE) INFECTING CAMNULA PELLUCIDA (SCUDDER) (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE)." Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 129, S171 (1997): 355–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/entm129171355-1.

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AbstractEntomophaga grylli (Fresenius) Batko (North American pathotype 1) is a fungal pathogen of the clearwinged grasshopper, Camnula pellucida (Scudder). We present results from a field experiment conducted in Arizona in 1984, designed to investigate factors associated with seasonal patterns of cadaver persistence and sporulation by E. grylli. Rangeland plots at two sites were monitored daily for 8 weeks for the appearance of new cadavers of diseased grasshoppers during a natural epizootic. Cadavers were individually marked and revisited on subsequent days, when it was noted whether or not c

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de Vries, Ynte P., Ratna D. Atmadja, Luc M. Hornstra, Willem M. de Vos, and Tjakko Abee. "Influence of Glutamate on Growth, Sporulation, and Spore Properties of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 in Defined Medium." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 6 (2005): 3248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.6.3248-3254.2005.

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ABSTRACT A chemically defined medium in combination with an airlift fermentor system was used to study the growth and sporulation of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579. The medium contained six amino acids and lactate as the main carbon sources. The amino acids were depleted during exponential growth, while lactate was metabolized mainly during stationary phase. Two concentrations of glutamate were used: high (20 mM; YLHG) and low (2.5 mM; YLLG). Under both conditions, sporulation was complete and synchronous. Sporulation started and was completed while significant amounts of carbon and nitrogen sourc

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Birkey, Stephanie M., Guofu Sun, P. J. Piggot, and F. Marion Hulett. "A pho regulon promoter induced under sporulation conditions." Gene 147, no. 1 (1994): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(94)90045-0.

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Tribelhorn, Katharina, Magdalena Twarużek, Ewelina Soszczyńska, et al. "Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys chartarum." Toxins 14, no. 8 (2022): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515.

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Stachybotrys chartarum is a toxigenic fungus that is frequently isolated from damp building materials or improperly stored forage. Macrocyclic trichothecenes and in particular satratoxins are the most potent mycotoxins known to be produced by this fungus. Exposure of humans or animals to these secondary metabolites can be associated with severe health problems. To assess the pathogenic potential of S. chartarum isolates, it is essential to cultivate them under conditions that reliably promote toxin production. Potato dextrose agar (PDA) was reported to be the optimal nutrition medium for satra

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Wasserstrom, Lisa, Klaus Lengeler, Andrea Walther, and Jürgen Wendland. "Developmental Growth Control Exerted via the Protein A Kinase Tpk2 in Ashbya gossypii." Eukaryotic Cell 14, no. 6 (2015): 593–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00045-15.

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ABSTRACT Sporulation in Ashbya gossypii is induced by nutrient-limited conditions and leads to the formation of haploid spores. Using RNA-seq, we have determined a gene set induced upon sporulation, which bears considerable overlap with that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae but also contains A. gossypii -specific genes. Addition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) to nutrient-limited media blocks sporulation and represses the induction of sporulation specific genes. Deletion of the protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunits encoded by TPK1 and TPK2 showed reduced growth in tpk1 but enhanced growth in the tpk2 stra

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Gilles, Tijs, Kath Phelps, John P. Clarkson, and Roy Kennedy. "Development of MILIONCAST, an Improved Model for Predicting Downy Mildew Sporulation on Onions." Plant Disease 88, no. 7 (2004): 695–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.7.695.

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The effects of temperature and relative humidity on Peronospora destructor sporulation on onion (Allium cepa) leaves were studied under controlled environmental conditions. Sporangia were produced most rapidly at 8 to 12°C after 5 h of high humidity during dark periods. The greatest number of sporangia was produced at 100% relative humidity (RH), and sporulation decreased to almost nil when humidity decreased to 93% RH. A model, named MILIONCAST (an acronym for MILdew on onION foreCAST), was developed based on the data from these controlled environment studies to predict the rate of sporulatio

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Neiman, Aaron M., Luba Katz, and Patrick J. Brennwald. "Identification of Domains Required for Developmentally Regulated SNARE Function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 155, no. 4 (2000): 1643–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/155.4.1643.

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Abstract Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells contain two homologues of the mammalian t-SNARE protein SNAP-25, encoded by the SEC9 and SPO20 genes. Although both gene products participate in post-Golgi vesicle fusion events, they cannot substitute for one another; Sec9p is active primarily in vegetative cells while Spo20p functions only during sporulation. We have investigated the basis for the developmental stage-specific differences in the function of these two proteins. Localization of the other plasma membrane SNARE subunits, Ssop and Sncp, in sporulating cells suggests that these proteins act i

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Tian, Zhiliang, Lizhen Hou, Miao Hu, et al. "Optimization of Sporulation Conditions for Bacillus subtilis BSNK-5." Processes 10, no. 6 (2022): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10061133.

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Bacillus subtilis spores have important biological applications; however, high spore-cell densities and sporulation efficiencies in fermentation is poorly reported. This study systematically analyzed the spore densities and formation efficiency of B. subtilis BSNK-5 in different culture substrates. A response surface regression equation was established based on the results of single factor and Box–Behnken experimental designs. The optimal medium formulation, as predicted from the equation, consisted of soluble starch at 3 g·L−1, soybean flour at 12 g·L−1, and MgSO4 at 5 g·L−1. The spore yield

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Aravind, K., T. Kiran Babu, B. Rajeswari, and S. N. C. V. L. Pushpavalli. "Precise Methods for Single Spore Isolation and Controlled Sporulation in Magnaporthe oryzae Isolates." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (2023): 2411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102906.

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The present investigation focuses on enhancing the understanding of Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease, by developing simple and cost-efficient protocols for single spore isolation and controlled sporulation with minimal equipment. In pursuit of this objective, various natural hosts were evaluated for their sporulation potential at different time intervals. The results revealed the significant differences in sporulation of M. oryzae among different hosts at different time intervals, showing higher sporulation at 14 DAI compared to 10 DAI. Notably, rice leaves from TN-1

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Saha, Aniruddha, Chandrani Choudhuri, and Dipanwita Saha. "Influence of culture media and environmental factors on mycelial growth and sporulation of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler causing leaf blight disease of niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) cass)." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 9, no. 1 (2015): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2015.v09i01.011.

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Alternaria altermata is isolated from naturally infected niger leaf for their morphological characteristics, mycelia growth and sporulation, spore germination in different culture media and environmental conditions. RMA was best for both growth and sporulation. Excellent sporulation was observed ion PCA. PDB supported best growth among the liquid media tested. Highest mycelia dry weight was recorded at 28°C and pH 6.5. Among several carbon sources tested, Mannitol showed optimum growth and sporulation while peptone produced maximum growth among the tested organic nitrogen sources. The present

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Boyko, O. O., L. I. Shendryk, V. S. Rudyk, I. A. Volovyk, I. A. Biben, and V. V. Brygadyrenko. "Influence of temperature on sporulation of Eimeria arloingi and Eimeria perforans oocysts." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 12, no. 2 (2021): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/022150.

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Eimeriosis of farm animals is one of the most widespread parasitic diseases in the world. In the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine Eimeria perforans is more common in rabbits and E. arloingi in sheep and goats. Study of factors which influence the development of these protists on the soil surface is one of the major challenges for veterinarians working for large livestock companies and fighting against eimeriosis. Environmental temperature is able to change the speed of sporulation of oocysts Eimeria. Five values of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C) were used in a laboratory exper

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Matha, Amber R., Xiaofeng Xie, and Xiaorong Lin. "Ergosterol Is Critical for Sporogenesis in Cryptococcus neoformans." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 2 (2024): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10020106.

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Microbes, both bacteria and fungi, produce spores to survive stressful conditions. Spores produced by the environmental fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans serve as both surviving and infectious propagules. Because of their importance in disease transmission and pathogenesis, factors necessary for cryptococcal spore germination are being actively investigated. However, little is known about nutrients critical for sporogenesis in this pathogen. Here, we found that ergosterol, the main sterol in fungal membranes, is enriched in spores relative to yeasts and hyphae. In C. neoformans, the ergo

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Singh, Simranjit, Upasana Rani, U. S. Tiwana, Devinder Pal Singh, and Asmita Sirari. "Investigation of optimum conditions for the growth of Fusarium solani EGY1 causing root rot of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 4 (2017): 2249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i4.1519.

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Guar gum (Galactomannan) is extracted from Guar (Cluster bean), which is extensively used in petroleum, food and pharmaceutical industry. Root rot of guaris caused by Fusarium solani EGY1 under Punjab, having sub-tropical climatic conditions. This study was undertaken to evaluate different culture media, grain substrates (sorghum, maize, cowpea, guar and pearl millet), temperatures (20, 25, 30, 35oC), pH levels (5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0), light and darkness for the identification of optimum conditions for the growth and sporulation of the fungus. Czapek’s dox media was found to be best for growth (8

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Chevanet, Catherine, Françoise Besson, and Georges Michel. "Effect of various growth conditions on spore formation and bacillomycin L production in Bacillus subtilis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32, no. 3 (1986): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m86-050.

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Bacillomycin L is produced by Bacillus subtilis NCIB 8872 in the stationary phase; it is excreted into the culture medium, without prior accumulation in the bacterial cells. The production of bacillomycin L is largely dependent on the composition of the culture medium. The action of specific inhibitors of sporulation, netropsin and diethyl malonate, on antibiotic synthesis is dependent on the composition of the culture medium. Although they occurred at the same time, there appears to be no direct correlation between sporulation and antibiotic synthesis.

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Diallo, Mamou, Servé W. M. Kengen, and Ana M. López-Contreras. "Sporulation in solventogenic and acetogenic clostridia." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 105, no. 9 (2021): 3533–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11289-9.

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AbstractThe Clostridium genus harbors compelling organisms for biotechnological production processes; while acetogenic clostridia can fix C1-compounds to produce acetate and ethanol, solventogenic clostridia can utilize a wide range of carbon sources to produce commercially valuable carboxylic acids, alcohols, and ketones by fermentation. Despite their potential, the conversion by these bacteria of carbohydrates or C1 compounds to alcohols is not cost-effective enough to result in economically viable processes. Engineering solventogenic clostridia by impairing sporulation is one of the investi

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Percival-Smith, A., and J. Segall. "Characterization and mutational analysis of a cluster of three genes expressed preferentially during sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 6, no. 7 (1986): 2443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.6.7.2443-2451.1986.

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A differential hybridization screen of a genomic yeast DNA library previously identified 14 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are expressed preferentially during sporulation. Three of these sporulation-specific genes, SPS1, SPS2, and SPS3, have been shown to be closely linked. A mutational analysis has demonstrated that expression of the SPS1 gene, but not the SPS2 gene, is essential for the completion of sporulation. A diploid MATa/MAT alpha strain homozygous for a disruption of the SPS1 gene failed to form asci when subjected to sporulation conditions. The 3' end of the transcript encod

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Percival-Smith, A., and J. Segall. "Characterization and mutational analysis of a cluster of three genes expressed preferentially during sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 6, no. 7 (1986): 2443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.6.7.2443.

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A differential hybridization screen of a genomic yeast DNA library previously identified 14 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are expressed preferentially during sporulation. Three of these sporulation-specific genes, SPS1, SPS2, and SPS3, have been shown to be closely linked. A mutational analysis has demonstrated that expression of the SPS1 gene, but not the SPS2 gene, is essential for the completion of sporulation. A diploid MATa/MAT alpha strain homozygous for a disruption of the SPS1 gene failed to form asci when subjected to sporulation conditions. The 3' end of the transcript encod

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Novella, Isabel S., Covadonga Barbés, and Jesús Sánchez. "Sporulation of Streptomyces antibioticus ETHZ 7451 in submerged culture." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38, no. 8 (1992): 769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m92-125.

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Streptomyces antibioticus ETHZ 7451 formed spores in cultures grown in a liquid medium from either a spore or a mycelium inoculum. The spores formed were similar to those formed on surface-grown cultures, except for reduced heat resistance. Both types of spores were sensitive to lysozyme, which is unusual for Streptomyces spores. Glucose and other carbon sources, which promoted different growth rates, did not affect sporulation efficiency. Nitrogen sources, such as casamino acids, that allowed high growth rates suppressed the sporulation. A remarkable repression was also observed in media with

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Zimowska, Beata. "Effect of cultivation conditions on Seimatosporium hypericinum growth and form morfological structures." Acta Agrobotanica 55, no. 1 (2013): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2002.038.

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The present study deals with effects of the air temperature, and the type of medium on the growth and form morfological structures of six <i>Seimatosporium hypericinum</i> isolates tested. St Jonh's Wort extract agar, St Jonh's Wort plant agar and PDA, oatmeal agar has been recognized as most useful for growth and sporulation of <i>S.hypericinum</i>. Mineral agar, appeared the least useful for growth and form acervuli and conidia. <i>S.hypericinum </i>can develop in a wide range of temperature, but the optimum one for the growth and sporulation of the fungus

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Stier, Philipp, and Ulrich Kulozik. "Effect of Sporulation Conditions Following Submerged Cultivation on the Resistance of Bacillus atrophaeus Spores against Inactivation by H2O2." Molecules 25, no. 13 (2020): 2985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25132985.

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The resistance formation of spores in general and of Bacillus atrophaeus in particular has long been the focus of science in the bio-defense, pharmaceutical and food industries. In the food industry, it is used as a biological indicator (BI) for the evaluation of the inactivation effects of hydrogen peroxide in processing and end packaging lines’ sterilization. Defined BI resistances are critical to avoid false positive and negative tests, which are salient problems due to the variable resistance of currently available commercial BIs. Although spores for use as BIs have been produced for years

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Freire, Víctor, Lina Casañas, Luis Laborda, Santiago Condón, and Elisa Gayán. "Influence of Sporulation Temperature on Germination and Growth of B. weihenstephanensis Strains in Specific Nutrients and in an Extended Shelf-Life Refrigerated Matrix Under Commercial Pasteurization and Storage Conditions." Foods 13, no. 21 (2024): 3434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13213434.

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Extended shelf-life (ESL) refrigerated ready-to-eat foods are thermally pasteurized to ensure food safety and stability. However, surviving psychrotrophic Bacillus cereus spores can still pose a challenge. Studies predicting their behavior often overlook sporulation conditions. This study investigated the effect of sporulation temperature on germination of three Bacillus weihenstephanensis strains in specific nutrients (inosine and/or amino acids) with or without prior heat activation (80 °C, 10 min). Sporulation temperature variably affected germination, with stronger effects in moderately re

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Mehdizadeh Gohari, Iman, Jihong Li, Mauricio A. Navarro, Fábio S. Mendonça, Francisco A. Uzal, and Bruce A. McClane. "Identification of orphan histidine kinases that impact sporulation and enterotoxin production by Clostridium perfringens type F strain SM101 in a pathophysiologically-relevant ex vivo mouse intestinal contents model." PLOS Pathogens 19, no. 6 (2023): e1011429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011429.

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When causing food poisoning or antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Clostridium perfringens type F strains must sporulate to produce C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) in the intestines. C. perfringens is thought to use some of its seven annotated orphan histidine kinases to phosphorylate Spo0A and initiate sporulation and CPE production. We previously demonstrated the CPR0195 orphan kinase, but not the putative CPR1055 orphan kinase, is important when type F strain SM101 initiates sporulation and CPE production in modified Duncan-Strong (MDS) sporulation medium. Since there is no small animal model

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