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Journal articles on the topic 'Spray combustion ; Combustion engineering'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Sing Mei, Sim, Aslina Anjang Ab Rahman, Mohd Shukur Zainol Abidin, and Nurul Musfirah Mazlan. "d2 Law and Penetration Length of Jatropha and Camelina Bio-Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene Spray Characteristics at Take-Off, Top of Climb and Cruise." Aerospace 8, no. 9 (2021): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8090249.

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A comparison of d2 law and penetration length of biofuels with Jet–A through the incorporation of fuel properties and actual combustor inlet data at various flight trajectories is presented. This study aims to identify fuel properties and flight operating conditions that most influence droplet characteristics accurately. The study comprises two phases involving a simulation using GSP to predict combustor inlet data for the respective flight operating conditions and a simulation using ANSYS Fluent V18.1 to obtain combustion characteristics of biofuels and Jet–A. The biofuels chosen in this stud

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2

Sharma, N. Y., and S. K. Som. "Influence of fuel volatility on combustion and emission characteristics in a gas turbine combustor at different inlet pressures and swirl conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 216, no. 3 (2002): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095765002320183577.

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The practical challenges in research in the field of gas turbine combustion mainly centre around a clean emission, a low liner wall temperature and a desirable exit temperature distribution for turboma-chinery applications, along with fuel economy of the combustion process. An attempt has been made in the present paper to develop a computational model based on stochastic separated flow analysis of typical diffusion-controlled spray combustion of liquid fuel in a gas turbine combustor to study the influence of fuel volatility at different combustor pressures and inlet swirls on combustion and e

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3

Tolpadi, A. K. "Calculation of Two-Phase Flow in Gas Turbine Combustors." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, no. 4 (1995): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2815455.

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A method is presented for computing steady two-phase turbulent combusting flow in a gas turbine combustor. The gas phase equations are solved in an Eulerian frame of reference. The two-phase calculations are performed by using a liquid droplet spray combustion model and treating the motion of the evaporating fuel droplets in a Lagrangian frame of reference. The numerical algorithm employs nonorthogonal curvilinear coordinates, a multigrid iterative solution procedure, the standard k-ε turbulence model, and a combustion model comprising an assumed shape probability density function and the cons

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4

Johnson, B. V., S. J. Markowski, and H. M. Craig. "Cold Flow and Combustion Experiments With a New Burner Air Distribution Concept." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 108, no. 2 (1986): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3239913.

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Experiments were conducted with a JT8D-engine sized can combustor modified such that all the combustion and dilution air entered through the burner front face from a single plenum through counter-rotating annular swirlers. Cold flow experiments were conducted to visualize and to develop a mixing and recirculation flow pattern within the combustor which contained annular and central recirculation cells and featured rapid mixing in the downstream section of the combustor. Laser velocimeter measurements, downstream of the air inlet configuration used in the combustion experiments, showed the larg

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5

Hendricks, R. C., D. T. Shouse, W. M. Roquemore, et al. "Experimental and Computational Study of Trapped Vortex Combustor Sector Rig with High-Speed Diffuser Flow." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 7, no. 6 (2001): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1023621x0100032x.

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The Trapped Vortex Combustor (TVC) potentially offers numerous operational advantages over current production gas turbine engine combustors. These include lower weight, lower pollutant emissions, effective flame stabilization, high combustion efficiency, excellent high altitude relight capability, and operation in the lean burn or RQL modes of combustion. The present work describes the operational principles of the TVC, and extends diffuser velocities toward choked flow and provides system performance data. Performance data include EINOx results for various fuel-air ratios and combustor reside

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6

Jiang, T. L., and W. Hsu. "Comparison of droplet combustion models in spray combustion." Journal of Propulsion and Power 9, no. 4 (1993): 644–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.23669.

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7

Jin, Xuan, Chibing Shen, Rui Zhou, and Xinxin Fang. "Effects of LOX Particle Diameter on Combustion Characteristics of a Gas-Liquid Pintle Rocket Engine." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (September 15, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8867199.

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LOX/GCH4 pintle injector is suitable for variable-thrust liquid rocket engines. In order to provide a reference for the later design and experiments, three-dimensional numerical simulations with the Euler-Lagrange method were performed to study the effect of the initial particle diameter on the combustion characteristics of a LOX/GCH4 pintle rocket engine. Numerical results show that, as the momentum ratio between the radial LOX jet and the axial gas jet is 0.033, the angle between the LOX particle trace and the combustor axial is very small. Due to the large recirculation zones, premixed comb

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8

Desantes, Jose M., Jose M. Garcia-Oliver, Ricardo Novella, and Leonardo Pachano. "A numerical study of the effect of nozzle diameter on diesel combustion ignition and flame stabilization." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 1 (2019): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419864203.

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The role of nozzle diameter on diesel combustion is studied by performing computational fluid dynamics calculations of Spray A and Spray D from the Engine Combustion Network. These are well-characterized single-hole sprays in a quiescent environment chamber with thermodynamic conditions representative of modern diesel engines. First, the inert spray evolution is described with the inclusion of the concept of mixing trajectories and local residence time into the analysis. Such concepts enable the quantification of the mixing rate, showing that it decreases with the increase in nozzle diameter.

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9

Continillo, G., and W. A. Sirignano. "Counterflow spray combustion modeling." Combustion and Flame 81, no. 3-4 (1990): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(90)90029-q.

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10

de Jager, B., and J. B. W. Kok. "Application of the first combustion model to spray combustion." Applied Thermal Engineering 24, no. 10 (2004): 1481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2003.10.036.

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11

de Jager, B., and J. B. W. Kok. "Application of the first combustion model to spray combustion." Applied Thermal Engineering 24, no. 11-12 (2004): 1561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2003.10.039.

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12

Chang, H., D. Nelson, C. Sipperley, and C. Edwards. "Development of a Temporally Modulated Fuel Injector With Controlled Spray Dynamics." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 125, no. 1 (2002): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1496118.

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It is now well established that combustion instability in liquid-fueled gas turbines can be controlled through the use of active fuel modulation. What is less clear is the mechanism by which this is achieved. This results from the fact that in most fuel modulation strategies not only is the instantaneous mass flow rate of fuel affected but so too are the parameters which define the post-atomization spray that takes part in the combustion. Specifically, experience with piezoelectric modulated sprays has shown that drop size, velocity, cone angle, and patternation are all affected by the modulat

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13

Patel, Nayan, Mehmet Kırtaş, Vaidya Sankaran, and Suresh Menon. "Simulation of spray combustion in a lean-direct injection combustor." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 31, no. 2 (2007): 2327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2006.07.232.

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14

Ikeda, Yuji, Naoki Yamada, Tsuyoshi Nakajima, Masataka Ohta, Mitsuru Inada, and Shigemi Nandai. "Spray combustion characteristics in a highly pressurized swirl-stabilized combustor." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 29, no. 1 (2002): 853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1540-7489(02)80109-2.

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15

Lim, Ock-Taeck. "The Investigation of Diesel Spray Combustion in DME HCCI Combustion." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B 32, no. 4 (2008): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-b.2008.32.4.241.

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16

Liu, Kai. "Research of the Atomization Characteristics of Low Pollution Air Blast Nozzle." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.133.

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Atomization characteristic has great impact about combustion efficiency, ignition performance, and outlet temperature field of combustor. Obtained atomization characteristic about spray particle size and spray cone angle using LDV/PDPA system and the relevant software. The results indicated: particle size decrease rapidly with increasing air and tends to stabilize, Spray cone angle does not change with the air pressure. These experimental data have provided reliable basis for the nozzle group design, development and operation.

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17

Balles, E. N., and J. B. Heywood. "Spray and Flame Structure in Diesel Combustion." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 111, no. 3 (1989): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240275.

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The diesel combustion process in direct-injection diesel engines consists of four distinct stages: an ignition delay, a premixed phase, a mixing-controlled phase, and a late combustion phase. This paper uses geometric information from high-speed direct and shadowgraph movies and corresponding combustion chamber pressure histories, taken in a rapid compression machine study of direct-injection diesel combustion, for a coupled analysis of the diesel flame geometry and energy or heat release to develop our understanding of the diesel spray and flame structure during the ignition delay period and

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18

Yue, Zongyu, and Rolf D. Reitz. "An equilibrium phase spray model for high-pressure fuel injection and engine combustion simulations." International Journal of Engine Research 20, no. 2 (2017): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087417744144.

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High-pressure fuel injection impacts mixture preparation, ignition and combustion in engines and other applications. Experimental studies have revealed the mixing-controlled and local phase equilibrium characteristics of liquid vaporization in high injection pressure diesel engine sprays. However, most computational fluid dynamics models for engine simulations spend much effort in solving for non-equilibrium spray processes. In this study, an equilibrium phase spray model is explored. The model is developed based on jet theory and a phase equilibrium assumption, without modeling drop breakup,

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19

Zhu, M., A. P. Dowling, and K. N. C. Bray. "Transfer Function Calculations for Aeroengine Combustion Oscillations." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 1 (2005): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1806451.

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Combustors with fuel-spray atomizers are particularly susceptible to a low-frequency oscillation at idle and subidle conditions. For aeroengine combustors, the frequency of this oscillation is typically in the range 50–120 Hz and is commonly called “rumble.” The mechanism involves interaction between the plenum around the burner and the combustion chamber. Pressure variations in the plenum or the combustor alter the inlet air and fuel spray characteristics, thereby changing the rate of combustion. This in turn leads to local “hot spots” which generate pressure oscillations as they convect thro

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20

Micklow, G. J., S. Roychoudhury, H. L. Nguyen, and M. C. Cline. "Emissions Reduction by Varying the Swirler Airflow Split in Advanced Gas Turbine Combustors." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 3 (1993): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906744.

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A staged combustor concept for reducing pollutant emissions is currently under investigation. A numerical study was performed to investigate the chemically reactive flow with liquid spray injection for staged combustion. The staged combustor consists of an airblast atomizer fuel injector, a rich burn section, a converging connecting pipe, a quick mix zone, a diverging connecting pipe and a lean combustion zone. For computational efficiency, the combustor was split into two subsystems, i.e., the fuel nozzle/rich burn section and the quick mix/lean burn section. The current study investigates th

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21

Guo, Wen Liang, and Zheng Guo. "Nozzle Spraying Model of Combustion Thermal Spray." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.211.

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The flame used in combustion flame spraying is typical of a high-temperature free jet. The flow fields of free jets are multi-phase flows that couple the mass and heat transfer. The analytical and numerical solutions to turbulent flows are engineering approximations. This work uses Prandtle’s mixing-length theory to describe the flame spreading of free combustion spray jet and uses nozzle spray model to describe the distribution of the powder particles sprayed from powder nozzle to the substrate surface. The nozzle geometry and the parameters determine the distribution of the powder particles.

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22

Cai, Chaozhi, Leyao Fan, and Bingsheng Wu. "Numerical simulation of combustor temperature performance of a high-temperature high-speed heat-airflow simulation system." World Journal of Engineering 13, no. 5 (2016): 422–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-08-2016-0049.

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Purpose This paper aims to understand the outlet temperature distribution of the combustor of a high-temperature, high-speed heat-airflow simulation system. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses numerical simulation to study the temperature distribution of the combustor of a high-temperature, high-speed heat-airflow simulation system. First, the geometrical model of the combustor and the combustion model of the fuel are established. Then, the combustion of fuel in the combustor is simulated by using FLUENT under various conditions. Finally, the results are obtained. Findings The paper fou

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23

Li, Wengang, Yinli Xiao, Yipin Lu, Zhibo Cao, and Juan Wu. "Numerical simulation of n-dodecane spray combustion based on OpenFOAM." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 39, no. 3 (2021): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20213930539.

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For the purpose of providing the scientific insights to combustion characteristics of spray jet, numerical calculations of reacting and non-reacting spray cases are performed for ECN (engine combustion network) Spray A (n-dodecane spray combustion) which coupled finite chemistry combustion model PaSR and detailed chemical reaction kinetics based on OpenFOAM. The applicability and accuracy of the spray model is verified in the non-reacting spray case, and it is found that the predicted spray characteristics such as the penetration length of liquid and vapor and the mixture fraction are in good

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24

Renganathan, Manimaran, and R. Thundil Karuppa Raj. "Numerical Investigations of Spray Droplet Parameters in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine Using 3-Z Extended Coherent Flame Model." Advanced Materials Research 768 (September 2013): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.768.226.

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Diesel engine combustion modeling presents a challenging task as the injection starts with the spray formation and breakup of spray into droplets. The computation involved in predicting the in-cylinder fluid mixture during combustion using eulerian and lagrangian approach is rather a cumbersome task. In this work, 3D-CFD computations are performed to understand the behaviour of spray droplet variables on combustion process and emissions in a direct injection diesel engine. The study involves the computation of turbulent flow-field quantities, modelling various processes such as fuel spray dist

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25

Yuan, Chenheng, Cuijie Han, Mian Yang, and Yan Zhang. "Numerical investigation into the fuel evaporation and mixture formation characteristics of a free-piston diesel engine." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 7 (2019): 1180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419870361.

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The free-piston engine generator becomes a new-type potential substitute for the conventional crankshaft combustion engine. This article presents a simulation to study the fuel spray and mixing characteristics of a diesel free-piston engine generator by comparing a corresponding crankshaft combustion engine. A full-cycle model which couples with piston dynamics, combustion, and gas exchange is developed to simulate the fuel spray, atomization, and mixing in the free-piston engine generator. The result indicates that compared with the crankshaft combustion engine, the free-piston engine generat

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26

Fuyuto, Takayuki, Yoshiaki Hattori, Hayato Yamashita, Naoki Toda, and Makoto Mashida. "Set-off length reduction by backward flow of hot burned gas surrounding high-pressure diesel spray flame from multi-hole nozzle." International Journal of Engine Research 18, no. 3 (2016): 173–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087416640429.

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The backward flow of the hot burned gas surrounding a diesel flame was found to be one of the factors reducing the set-off length (also called the lift-off length), that is, the distance from a nozzle exit into which a diffusion flame cannot intrude. In the combustion chamber of an actual diesel engine, the entrainment of the surrounding gas into a spray jet injected from a multi-hole nozzle is restricted by the combustion chamber walls and the adjacent spray jets, thus inducing the backward flow of the surrounding gas toward the nozzle exit. The emergence of this backward flow was measured by

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27

Jarrahbashi, Dorrin, Sayop Kim, Benjamin W. Knox, and Caroline L. Genzale. "Computational analysis of end-of-injection transients and combustion recession." International Journal of Engine Research 18, no. 10 (2017): 1088–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087417701280.

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Mixing and combustion of engine combustion network Spray A after end of injection are modeled using highly resolved multidimensional numerical simulations to explore the physics underlying recent experimental observations of combustion recession. Reacting spray simulations are performed using a traditional Lagrangian–Eulerian coupled formulation for two-phase mixture transport with a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes approach using the open-source computational fluid dynamics code OpenFOAM. Chemical kinetics models for n-dodecane by Cai et al. and Yao et al. are deployed to evaluate the impact o

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28

Ashrul Ishak, Mohamad Shaiful, Mohd Amirul Amin Arizal, Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar, A. R. Norwazan, and Ismail Azmi. "Numerical Investigation of Combustion Performance Utilizing Envo-Diesel Blends." Advanced Materials Research 647 (January 2013): 822–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.647.822.

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Alternative fuel and renewable energy is needed to fulfill the energy demand of the world. The use of envo-diesel fuels for power generation seems a viable solution for the problems of decreasing fossil-fuel reserves and environmental concerns. The use of envo-diesel in gas turbines would extend this application to power generation field. Envo-diesel is considered as better option because of its environmental friendly characteristics while giving almost the same functional properties like a fossil fuels. The gas turbine combustion performance that utilizes palm envo-diesel fuel is investigated

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29

BABA, YUYA, and RYOICHI KUROSE. "Analysis and flamelet modelling for spray combustion." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 612 (October 10, 2008): 45–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112008002620.

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The validity of a steady-flamelet model and a flamelet/progress-variable approach for gaseous and spray combustion is investigated by a two-dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS) of gaseous and spray jet flames, and the combustion characteristics are analysed. A modified flamelet/progress-variable approach, in which total enthalpy rather than product mass fraction is chosen as a progress variable, is also examined. DNS with an Arrhenius formation, in which the chemical reaction is directly solved in the physical flow field, is performed as a reference to validate the combustion models.

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30

Mikami, Masato, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Osamu Moriue, and Naoya Kojima. "Combustion of partially premixed spray jets." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 30, no. 2 (2005): 2021–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2004.08.034.

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31

Zhang, Yuyin, Shiyan Li, Wenyuan Qi, and Keiya Nishida. "Evaporation characterization of fuel spray impinging on a flat wall by laser-based measurement." International Journal of Engine Research 18, no. 8 (2016): 776–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087416671479.

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It is of interest for engine combustion modeling to quantify the evaporation behaviors of fuel spray impinging on a wall as the fuel atomization, evaporation, and mixing with oxygen in the combustion chamber usually dominate the subsequent combustion processes. In this study, the vapor and liquid mass distributions in diesel-like fuel sprays were quantified using the ultraviolet-visible laser absorption scattering imaging technique. The sprays were injected from a single-hole nozzle with a common-rail injection system and impinged on a flat wall at an ambient pressure of 4 MPa and an ambient t

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32

FURUHATA, Tomohiko, Hideyuki AOKI, Shoji TANNO, and Takatoshi MIURA. "Analysis of Spray Flow Pattern and Spray Combustion Characteristics." Journal of the Fuel Society of Japan 70, no. 11 (1991): 1082–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3775/jie.70.11_1082.

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33

Siebers, D. L., and T. M. Dyer. "The Autoignition and Combustion of Coal-Water Slurry Under Simulated Diesel Engine Conditions." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 108, no. 4 (1986): 654–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3239961.

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The combustion characteristics of a coal-water slurry spray were examined under diesel engine conditions. A two-stage combustion process was used to simulate the diesel engine conditions in a constant-volume combustion bomb. The combustion characteristics investigated were ignition delay, ignition site, combustion development, combustion duration, and combustion completeness. The results show that the ignition delay of the coal-water slurry fuel is temperature and pressure dependent. Also, the coal slurry ignition delay is approximately a factor of five longer and the energy release rate is si

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34

Zhang, Cheng Cheng, Qian Wang, Zhi Xia He, and Ping Jiang. "Simulation Research on Matching of Spray and Combustion Chamber Geometry in Diesel Engine." Advanced Materials Research 199-200 (February 2011): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.199-200.193.

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In order to investigate the influence of combustion chamber geometry on spray and combustion characteristics in diesel engine, universal CFD software STAR-CD is applied to simulate the combustion processes in three different types of combustion chambers of diesel engine. The effect of combustion chamber geometry on in–cylinder air motion, temperature field and exhaust emissions are researched in this paper. Comparing with experimental results, calculation models are proved to be validity. The results show that differences of combustion chamber shape change the characteristic of flow field in c

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35

Xiao, Yinli, Changwu Wang, Zhibo Cao, and Wenyan Song. "Laser holography measurement and theoretical analysis of a pressure-swirl nozzle spray." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 12 (2018): 168781401881325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018813253.

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The characteristic of the spray within combustion chamber is one of the determining factors that affect the performance and exhaust gas emissions of an aero-engine. Recently, the holography technique has been successfully applied to spray atomization measurement due to its significant advances. In this article, an atmospheric test rig of pressure-swirl nozzle is built. The kerosene spray generated at the atmospheric condition and in an aero-engine combustor is measured. The Sauter mean diameter of the spray droplets is obtained. In addition, the theoretical analysis of film formation and sheet

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36

Takanohashi, Toshimasa, Takatoshi Miura, Shoji Tanno, Hideyuki Aoki, Toshiaki Amagasa, and Shigemori Ohtani. "Simulation of heavy oil spray combustion." KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU 14, no. 3 (1988): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.14.272.

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37

Acharya, S., S. Murugappan, M. O’Donnell, and E. J. Gutmark. "Characteristics and Control of Combustion Instabilities in a Swirl-Stabilized Spray Combustor." Journal of Propulsion and Power 19, no. 3 (2003): 484–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.6132.

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38

Linck, M., and A. K. Gupta. "Passive Control of Forced Combustion Instability in a Swirl-Stabilized Spray Combustor." Journal of Propulsion and Power 23, no. 5 (2007): 1113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.15933.

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39

FUKUI, Junichi, Jun HAYASHI, and Fumiteru AKAMATSU. "Effect of Group Combustion Behavior on Entropy Generation Rate in Spray Combustion Process(Thermal Engineering)." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 76, no. 769 (2010): 1433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.76.769_1433.

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40

Xiao, Yinli, Zupeng Wang, Zhengxin Lai, and Wenyan Song. "Modeling of Spray Combustion with a Steady Laminar Flamelet Model in an Aeroengine Combustion Chamber Based on OpenFOAM." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7329564.

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The development of high-performance aeroengine combustion chambers strongly depends on the accuracy and reliability of efficient numerical models. In the present work, a reacting solver with a steady laminar flamelet model and spray model has been developed in OpenFOAM and the solver details are presented. The solver is firstly validated by Sandia/ETH-Zurich flames. Furthermore, it is used to simulate nonpremixed kerosene/air spray combustion in an aeroengine combustion chamber with the RANS method. A comparison with available experimental data shows good agreement and validates the capability

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41

Maes, Noud, Scott A. Skeen, Michele Bardi, et al. "Spray penetration, combustion, and soot formation characteristics of the ECN Spray C and Spray D injectors in multiple combustion facilities." Applied Thermal Engineering 172 (May 2020): 115136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115136.

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42

Dhuchakallaya, Isares, and A. P. Watkins. "Self-ignition of diesel spray combustion." Heat and Mass Transfer 45, no. 12 (2009): 1627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00231-009-0537-2.

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43

Bankston, C. P., L. H. Back, E. Y. Kwack, and A. J. Kelly. "Experimental Investigation of Electrostatic Dispersion and Combustion of Diesel Fuel Jets." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 110, no. 3 (1988): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240130.

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An experimental study of electrostatically atomized and dispersed diesel fuel jets has been conducted. A new electrostatic injection technique has been utilized to generate continuous, stable fuel sprays at charge densities of 1.5–2.0 C/m3 of fluid. Model calculations show that such charge densities may enhance spray dispersion under diesel engine conditions. Fuel jets were injected into room temperature air at one atmosphere at flow rates of 0.25–1.0 cm3/s and delivery pressures of 100–400 kPa. Measured mean drop diameters were near 150 μm with 30 percent of the droplets being less than 100 μ

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44

Dai, Xingyi (Hunter), Satbir Singh, Sundar R. Krishnan, and Kalyan K. Srinivasan. "Numerical study of combustion characteristics and emissions of a diesel–methane dual-fuel engine for a wide range of injection timings." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 5 (2018): 781–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087418783637.

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Computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel/natural gas dual-fuel engine. The computational fluid dynamics model is validated against experimental measurements of cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and exhaust emissions from a single-cylinder research engine. The model predictions of in-cylinder diesel spray distribution and location of diesel ignition sites are related to the behavior observed in measured and predicted heat release rate and emissions. Various distributions of diesel fuel inside the combustion

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Raghu, P., K. Thilagan, M. Thirumoorthy, Siddharth Lokachari, and N. Nallusamy. "Spray Characteristics of Diesel and Biodiesel in Direct Injection Diesel Engine." Advanced Materials Research 768 (September 2013): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.768.173.

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Alternative fuels for diesel engines are becoming important due to the decrease of petroleum reservoirs and the increase of environment pollution problems. The biodiesel is technically competitive with conventional petroleum-derived diesel fuel and requires no changes in the fuel distribution system. Injection process of biodiesel influences the atomization and dispersion of fuel in the combustion chamber. In diesel Engine different tests have been performed to improve the efficiency in cycle, power, less emission, speed, etc. There are various methods of visualizing the combustion chamber in

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AOKI, Hideyuki, Tomohiko FURUHATA, Toshiaki AMAGASA, et al. "Simulation of spray combustion for slurry fuels." Journal of the Fuel Society of Japan 68, no. 12 (1989): 1053–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3775/jie.68.12_1053.

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Pandal, Adrian, Jose M. Garcia-Oliver, and Jose M. Pastor. "Eulerian CFD modeling of nozzle geometry effects on ECN Sprays A and D: assessment and analysis." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 1 (2019): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419882500.

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Diesel spray modeling is a multi-scale problem with complex interactions between different flow regions, that is, internal nozzle flow, near-nozzle region and developed spray, including evaporation and combustion. There are several modeling approaches that have proven particularly useful for some spray regions although they have struggled at other areas, while Eulerian modeling has shown promise in dealing with all characteristics at a reasonable computational effort for engineering calculations. In this work, the [Formula: see text]–Y single-fluid diffuse-interface model, based on scale separ

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Zhou, Lei, Wanhui Zhao, and Haiqiao Wei. "Effect of improved accelerating method on efficient chemistry calculations in diesel engine." International Journal of Engine Research 19, no. 8 (2017): 839–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087417731438.

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With detailed chemical kinetics being employed in combustion simulations, its major computational challenge is the time-intensive nature of chemical kinetics integration due to the large number of chemical species and wide range of chemical timescales involved. In this work, an extended tabulated dynamic chemistry approach with dynamic pruning method is carried out to simulate complex spray combustion for non-premixed combustion process. The thought of extended tabulated dynamic chemistry approach with dynamic pruning is achieved by selecting the optimum acceleration method as well as its erro

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Marley, Stephen K., Eric J. Welle, and Kevin M. Lyons. "Combustion Structures in Lifted Ethanol Spray Flames." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 2 (2004): 254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1688768.

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The development of a double flame structure in lifted ethanol spray flames is visualized using OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF). While the OH images indicate a single reaction zone exists without co-flow, the addition of low-speed co-flow facilitates the formation of a double flame structure that consists of two diverging flame fronts originating at the leading edge of the reaction zone. The outer reaction zone burns steadily in a diffusion mode, and the strained inner flame structure is characterized by both diffusion and partially premixed combustion exhibiting local extinction an

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Lackmann, Tim, Andreas Nygren, Anders Karlsson, and Michael Oevermann. "Investigation of turbulence–chemistry interactions in a heavy-duty diesel engine with a representative interactive linear eddy model." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 8 (2018): 1469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087418812319.

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Simulations of a heavy-duty diesel engine operated at high-load and low-load conditions were compared to each other, and experimental data in order to evaluate the influence of turbulence–chemistry interactions on heat release, pressure development, flame structure, and temperature development are quantified. A recently developed new combustion model for turbulent diffusion flames called representative interactive linear eddy model which features turbulence–chemistry interaction was compared to a well-stirred reactor model which neglects the influence of turbulent fluctuations on the mean reac

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