Relevant bibliographies by topics / Spring and suspension

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Spring and suspension'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Spring and suspension"

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Chang, F., and Z.-H. Lu. "Dynamic model of an air spring and integration into a vehicle dynamics model." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 222, no. 10 (October 1, 2008): 1813–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto867.

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It is worthwhile to design a more accurate dynamic model for air springs, to investigate the dynamic behaviour of an air spring suspension, and to analyse and guide the design of vehicles with air spring suspensions. In this study, a dynamic model of air spring was established, considering the heat transfer process of the air springs. Two different types of air spring were tested, and the experimental results verified the effectiveness of the air spring model compared with the traditional model. The key factors affecting the computation accuracy were studied and checked by comparing the results of the experiments and simulations. The new dynamic model of the air spring was integrated into the full-vehicle multi-body dynamics model, in order to investigate the air suspension behaviour and vehicle dynamics characteristics. The co-simulation method using ADAMS and MATLAB/Simulink was applied to integration of the air spring model with the full-vehicle multi-body dynamics model.
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Konieczny, Łukasz, and Rafał Burdzik. "Comparison of Characteristics of the Components Used in Mechanical and Non-Conventional Automotive Suspensions." Solid State Phenomena 210 (October 2013): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.210.26.

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The paper presents the comparison of the characteristics of spring and damping components used in conventional and non-conventional automotive suspensions. The conventional suspension is based on steel coil springs and hydraulic dampers with fixed characteristics. As an example, the adaptive non-conventional suspension shows the characteristics of hydropneumatic suspension components (suspension are constantly being developed and is now based on mechatronic control systems of damping characteristics). The paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of these solutions.
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Cheng, Zhongli, Zonghua Li, and Fanqing Kong. "Statistical Linearization of Nonlinear Stiffness in Hydropneumatic Suspension." MATEC Web of Conferences 153 (2018): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815304006.

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Hydropneumatic springs are the elastic components of a vehicle’s suspension. As the nonlinear characteristic of the spring is difficult to express accurately, the statistical linearization method is introduced to analyze the dynamic response of the hydropneumatic spring. The nonlinear stiffness of a hydropneumatic spring is approximated by a quadratic polynomial at the static equilibrium position. Parameters of the hydropneumatic spring, road roughness and vehicle velocity are provided and analytical functions for equivalent stiffness and the dynamic equilibrium position are worked out in this paper. The analytical functions are validated through numerical simulation and are shown to be more accurate than those validated by existing methods. The method proposed here could be used in the design and analysis of hydropneumatic suspensions in future.
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Shi, Xiao Hui, Hong Li Gao, and Ming Heng Xu. "Optimization Design of Automobile Suspension Springs Based on BP." Applied Mechanics and Materials 42 (November 2010): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.42.82.

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In order to optimize the arithmetic of the automobile suspension springs, the optimization algorithm of spring stress model based on BP neural networks was proposed. The various models of suspension spring were aggregated and analyzed, the parallel genetic algorithm for the suspension springs was proposed in this paper as well. And the spring models can be optimized fast and efficiently by the algorithm. Aiming at different models, the maximum stress point and the distribution law are given by means of experimental verifications. A new stress analysis method and a new estimate rule for the design of automotive suspension springs are provided by this method.
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Cole, D. J., and D. Cebon. "Modification of a Heavy Vehicle Suspension to Reduce Road Damage." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 209, no. 3 (July 1995): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_203_02.

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A test rig for measuring the quasi-static performance of tandem suspensions in the laboratory is described. Measurements on a standard tandem leaf-spring suspension show it to have high effective stiffness in bounce and poor static load equalization. A method for eliminating the spring-end friction is investigated, and found to improve the performance significantly. A two-dimensional articulated vehicle simulation is validated with measurements from a test vehicle. The simulation is then used to study the effect on dynamic tyre forces of three modifications to the trailer suspension: softer springs; elimination of spring-end friction; and hydraulic dampers. The r.m.s. dynamic loads generated by the trailer axles are predicted to decrease by approximately 31 per cent and the theoretical road damage is predicted to decrease by about 13 per cent. The trailer suspension of the test vehicle is adapted to incorporate the three modifications and the measured reductions in dynamic tyre forces are found to be about half those predicted by the simulation.
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Радин, Сергей, Sergey Radin, Евгений Сливинский, Evgeniy Slivinskiy, Татьяна Митина, and Tatyana Mitina. "ROD OSCILLATION INVESTIGATION OF ADAPTIVE TORSION SPRING FOR SPRING SUSPENSION OF SIX-WHEEL LOCOMOTIVE BOGIES." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2016, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/20250.

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In modern locomotive design to reduce a dynamic effect upon a track there are widely used jaw and lawless six-wheel bogies supplied with a spring suspension using laminated springs, cylindrical spiral springs of compression and pneumatic springs. A considerable drawback of all known designs of spring suspension for rolling-stock is that all of them apart from a pneumatic one have no possibility for self-regulation in an automatic mode of their rigid characteristics de-pending on external dynamic impacts of track unevenness upon the latter. There is developed in Bunin State University of Yelets a promising inventionleveled structure of an adaptive torsion spring suspension excluding such a drawback and a number of computa-tions was carried out for the substantiation its rational design values.
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HAYASHI, MICHIO. "Isolating air spring suspension." NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI 64, no. 2 (1991): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2324/gomu.64.83.

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Slivinsky, Evgeny, Sergey Radin, Sergey Shubkin, and Sergey Buneev. "Modernization of spring suspension of trailed vehicles." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 07015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127307015.

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This article presents materials related to the development of a promising design of adaptive torsion bar suspension for trailed special and cargo vehicles, both trailers and semi-trailers, designed for the transportation of bulk and general cargo. A number of technical solutions, created at the level of inventions, are proposed, which make it possible to simplify the existing types of spring suspensions, reduce their metal consumption, improve the smoothness of trailed vehicles (TV) and increase their operational reliability due to the operation of suspensions in automatic mode. when they overcome micro and macro unevenness of the roadway. Analytical studies were carried out with the development of a design scheme and a methodology for calculating the design of an adaptive torsion spring for static and dynamic strength.
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Bogdevičius, Marijonas, and Raimundas Junevičius. "DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF THE RETROFITED REAR SUSPENSION OF THE VEHICLE." TRANSPORT 19, no. 6 (December 31, 2004): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2004.9637985.

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The main aim of the investigation is to design rear suspension and to improve the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle. Three types of rear suspensions that consist of a leaf spring, a hydraulic and a pneumatic damper, an air spring are designed. The dynamic models of the quarter car with these rear suspensions are presented. Random disturbance of particular road surface is played back by using a spectral density and Monte Carlo method. Natural frequencies of rear suspension are presented. The dependence of standard deviations of the first, the second and the third derivates of particular random displacements on the vehicle speed is obtained. Dynamic characteristics of three rear suspensions are compared and the best rear suspension is determined.
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Bagaria, William J., Ron Doerfler, and Leif Roschier. "Nomograms for the design of light weight hollow helical springs." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 23 (August 25, 2016): 4388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406216665416.

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The helical spring is a widely used element in suspension systems. Traditionally, the springs have been wound from solid round wire. Significant weight savings can be achieved by fabricating helical springs from hollow tubing. For suspension systems, weight savings result in significant transportation fuel savings. This paper uses previously published equations to calculate the maximum shear stress and deflection of the hollow helical spring. Since the equations are complex, solving them on a computer or spreadsheet would require a trial-and-error method. As a design aid to avoid this problem, this paper gives nomograms for the design of lightweight hollow helical springs. The nomograms are graphical solutions to the maximum stress and deflection equations. Example suspension spring designs show that significant weight savings (of the order of 50% or more) can be achieved using hollow springs. Hollow springs could also be used in extreme temperature situations. Heating or cooling fluids can be circulated through the hollow spring.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spring and suspension"

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Falcone, Giovanni. "Air-spring suspension influence in fluid dynamic sloshing." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20190/.

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Il rollover di un veicolo, ossia la possibilità che esso possa ribaltarsi, è un fenomeno comune oggigiorno ed esso può essere causato da una serie di motivi, tra cui le condizioni del veicolo e della strada, le dimensioni del carico o eventuali errori da parte del conducente, che provocano fino al 78 % dei ribaltamenti. Le molle ad aria stanno guadagnando sempre più popolarità nel settore automobilistico e presentano numerosi vantaggi rispetto alle più classiche molle elicoidali. Le molle ad aria hanno molti vantaggi unici, come un comfort di marcia superiore, una riduzione dell'attrito, minore rumorosità ecc. Nella tesi realizzata, le molle ad aria vengono utilizzate nelle sospensioni di un'autocisterna al fine di esaminare l'effetto che esse determinano sul comportamento del veicolo ed in particolare sullo sloshing del fluido contenuto nella cisterna.
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Derrick, M. C. "A parallel polymer spring truck cab suspension system." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233119.

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Christ, Florian. "Adaption and evaluation of transversal leaf spring suspension design for a lightweight vehicle using Adams/Car." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-180035.

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This investigation deals with the suspension of a lightweight medium-class vehicle for four passengers with a curb weight of 1000 kg. The suspension layout consists of a transversal leaf spring and is supported by an active air spring which is included in the damper. The lower control arms are replaced by the leaf spring ends. Active ride height control is introduced to compensate for different vehicle load states. Active steering is applied using electric linear actuators with steer-by wire design. Besides intense use of light material the inquiry should investigate whether elimination of suspension parts or a lighter component is concordant with the stability demands of the vehicle. The investigation is based on simulations obtained with MSC Software ADAMS/Car and Matlab. The suspension is modeled in Adams/Car and has to proof it's compliance in normal driving conditions and under extreme forces. Evaluation criteria are suspension kinematics and compliance such as camber, caster and toe change during wheel travel in different load states. Also the leaf spring deflection, anti-dive and anti-squat measures and brake force distribution are investigated. Based on a simplified version of the leaf spring suspension design a full vehicle model is created. The comparison between the suspension models evaluates the same basic suspension parameters to ensure the compliance. Additionally roll rate and understeer gradient are investigated. It can be shown that the vehicle equipped with transversal leaf spring instead of lower control arms fulfils the set kinematics and compliance requirements. Road holding performance is assured for normal driving conditions on public roads.
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Holtz, Marco Wilfried. "Modelling and design of a novel air-spring for a suspension seat." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2781.

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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008.
Suspension seats are commonly used for earth moving machinery to isolate vehicle operators from vibrations transmitted to the vehicle body. To provide the required stiffness and damping for these seats, air-springs are typically used in conjunction with dampers. However, to eliminate the need for additional dampers, air-springs can be used in conjunction with auxiliary air volumes to provide both spring stiffness and damping. The damping is introduced through the flow restriction connecting the two air volumes. In this study, simplified models of an air-spring were derived followed by a model including the addition of an auxiliary volume. Subsequent to simulations, tests were performed on an experimental apparatus to validate the models. The air-spring models were shown to predict the behaviour of the experimental apparatus. The air-spring and auxiliary volume model followed the trend predicted by literature but showed approximately 27 % lower transmissibility amplitude and 21 % lower system natural frequency than obtained by tests when using large flow restriction diameters. This inaccuracy was assumed to be introduced by the simplified mass transfer equations defining the flow restriction between air-spring and auxiliary volume. The models however showed correlation when the auxiliary volume size was decreased by two thirds of the volume actually used for the experiment. This design of a prototype air-spring and auxiliary volume is presented for a suspension seat used in articulated or rigid frame dump trucks. The goal of this study was to design a suspension seat for this application and to obtain a SEAT value below 1,1. The design was optimised by varying auxiliary volume size, flow diameter and load. A SEAT value of less than 0,9 was achieved.
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Klavebäck, Erik. "Improved Weight Estimation for Vehicles with Air Suspension." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för systemteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-383247.

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The aim of this thesis is to explore and improve the accuracyofweight estimation in vehicles with air suspension. The main focushasbeen to understand the hysteresis and characteristics ofdifferentsuspension types used in Scania NCG trucks. The thesis hasled toinsights into the attributes affecting hysteresis and theaccuracy ofweight estimation. As a proof of concept a softwareimplementationhas been developed from the knowledge derived troughout the thesisto account for hysteresis. The result of this work hasproven it tobe possible to increase the accuracy and reduce the errorto lessthan half compared to today's method.
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KOTNI, DEEPAK. "A CAD/CAE DRIVEN AUTOMATED DESIGN OPTIMIZATION STUDY OF AUTOMOTIVE REAR SUSPENSION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1130587319.

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Hidén, Teodor. "Low energy-cpnsuming load sensing truck cab suspension." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266943.

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In the development of battery electric trucks is one of the main concerns how to minimize the energy consumption of all the different subsystems on the truck. One of these energyconsuming systems is the active cab suspension. The load sensing (active) cab systems used today is using pressurized air, pneumatics, to keep the cab at correct ride height. Currently is this pressurized air produced with a big, bulky and heavy compressor that continuously is running to compress air for multiple different subsystems. The alternative to the load sensing active cab suspension is to use non-load sensing (passive) suspension. This option is limiting the comfort and appearance of the cab but is neither using any energy. The goal of this master thesis is to find a suspension solution that is both load sensing and energy-efficient. To find a suitable load sensing solution was cab suspension system on other types of heavy machines inspected, together with suspension systems overall. There could be seen that the use of hydraulics gave the adjustability needed, without consuming any energy when the adjustments had been done. The system could also be very compact. It is easy to adapt the existing suspension components to work together with the hydraulic cylinders, and the hydraulic suspension systems have the possibility to be merged with other hydraulic systems on the truck.
I utvecklingen av el- och batteridrivna lastbilar är en stor del av utmaning att minimera energianvändningen hos lastbilens alla olika delsystem, där ibland hyttfjädringen. Dagens lastkännande (aktiva) fjädringssystem på lastbilshytter drivs med tryckluft och arbetar kontinuerligt med att hålla lastbilshytten på rätt höjd. Tryckluften kommer ifrån en stor och tung kompressor som ständigt arbetar för att komprimera luft till lastbilens alla olika delsystem. Alternativet till den aktiva lastkännande hyttfjädringen är att använda en icke lastkännande (passiv) fjädring. Detta begränsar dock lastbilens komfort och utseende, men förbrukar heller ingen energi. Målet med detta examensarbete var att finna en fjädringslösning som både är lastkännande och energieffektiv. För att hitta en lämplig lastkännande lösning gjordes en grundlig undersökning av hyttfjädringslösningar på andra tunga fordon, samt olika fjädringssystem överlag. Det visade sig att användandet av hydraulik ger en tillfredsställande justerbarhet, utan att förbruka någon energi när systemet är i vila (inte aktivt justerar). Systemet skulle även kunna göras mycket kompakt. Det är lätt att anpassa dagens befintliga fjädringskomponenter för att kunna fungera ihop med justerbara hydraulcylindrar, och fjädringens hydraulsystem skulle kunna drivas ihop med övriga hydraulsystem på lastbilen.
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Chaudhary, Sanjeev. "Ride and roll performance analysis of a vehicle with spring-loaded interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0004/MQ39478.pdf.

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Steward, Victoria. "Modeling of a folded spring supporting MEMS gyroscope." Link to electronic thesis, 2003. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-1007103-133256/.

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Kat, Cor-Jacques. "Suspension forces on a tri-axle air suspended semi-trailer." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06242009-153546/.

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Books on the topic "Spring and suspension"

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Evstaf'ev, Andrey, Mihail Izvarin, and Aleksandr Maznev. Dynamics of electric rolling stock. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1013692.

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The textbook describes the physical foundations, theory, principles of selection and calculation of the main parameters of spring suspension schemes, discusses the issues of fitting crews into curves, vertical dynamics of the traction drive, the use of coupling weight and vibrations of electric rolling stock. It is intended for the training of certified specialists in the direction of "Railway rolling stock".
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Evstaf'ev, Andrey, and Aleksandr Maznev. Design and dynamics of electric rolling stock. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1014666.

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The physical foundations, theory, principles of selection and calculation of the main parameters of spring suspension schemes are presented, the issues of fitting crews into curves, the dynamics of traction drive, the use of coupling weight and vibrations of electric rolling stock, and the design features of modern locomotives are considered. For students and teachers, as well as anyone interested in this topic.
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Aird, Forbes. Circle track suspension. Osceola, WI, USA: Motorbooks International, 1994.

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Heimbecher, John. Suspension geometry and design. [S.l.]: DaimlerChrysler, 1998.

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Dixon, John C. Tyres, suspension, and handling. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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Truck & Bus Meeting & Exposition (1989 Charlotte, N.C.). Advanced truck suspensions. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1989.

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Dixon, John C. Tires, suspension, and handling. 2nd ed. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1996.

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Bernsau, Tim. 4 wheel's suspension, tire & wheel. Los Angeles: Petersen Pub. Co., 1999.

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Matschinsky, Wolfgang. Road vehicle suspensions. London, UK: Professional Engineering Pub., 2000.

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Knowles, Don. Automotive suspension & steering systems. 5th ed. Australia: Delmar, Cengage learning, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Spring and suspension"

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Bauer, Wolfgang. "Spring and Damping Characteristics of Hydropneumatic Suspension Systems." In Hydropneumatic Suspension Systems, 19–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15147-7_2.

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Savoskin, Anatoly, and Stanislav Vlasevskii. "Aspects of Railway Vehicles Vibrations with Nonlinear Spring Suspension Characteristics." In VIII International Scientific Siberian Transport Forum, 109–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37916-2_12.

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Zhao, Jing-Shan, Hong-Wei Song, Yun Zhang, and Xiang Liu. "Design of Oblique Leaf-Spring Suspension Mechanism for Heavy Vehicles." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 327–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4477-4_24.

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Sarath, M. V., Swaroop S. Gharde, Odelu Ojjela, and Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian. "Fiber-Reinforced Composites for Restituting Automobile Leaf Spring Suspension System." In Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials, 67–105. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4550-8_4.

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Tang, Xinpeng, and Kun Liu. "Simulation of Leaf Spring Balanced Suspension Based on Virtual Test-Rig." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 135–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33835-9_13.

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Savoskin, A. N., and A. P. Vasilev. "Mechano-Mathematical Models of Railway Rolling Stock Spring Suspension Elastic–Friction Elements." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 703–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54814-8_81.

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Martínez-García, Edgar, and Rafael Torres-Córdoba. "4WD Skid-Steer Trajectory Control of a Rover with Spring-Based Suspension Analysis." In Intelligent Robotics and Applications, 453–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16584-9_44.

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Mashino, Masahiro, Etsunori Fujita, Shigeyuki Kojima, Yumi Ogura, and Shigehiko Kaneko. "Development of a Suspension Seat Using a Magneto-Spring and Free Play Damper." In Vibration Engineering for a Sustainable Future, 153–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47618-2_19.

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Kumbhalkar, M. A., D. V. Bhope, and A. V. Vanalkar. "Finite Element Analysis of Rail Vehicle Suspension Spring for Its Fatigue Life Improvement." In Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Science, 39–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76276-0_5.

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Gorbunov, Mykola, Serhii Kara, Olegas Lunys, and Gediminas Vaičiūnas. "Improving the Dynamics of Bogies of Railway Freight Cars by the Spring Suspension Enhancement." In TRANSBALTICA XI: Transportation Science and Technology, 220–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38666-5_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Spring and suspension"

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Poletkin, Kirill. "A Micromachined Contactless Suspension With Zero Spring Constant." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86465.

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In this paper, a micromachined contactless suspension with a zero spring constant that provides possibility to significantly increasing sensitivity of micromachined sensors is studied. Minimization of the spring constant of the contactless suspension is achieved by combining inductive and electric contactless suspensions. In particular, the conditions required to eliminate the spring constant of the suspension and achieve stable levitation of the disk shaped proof mass are obtained based on the analysis of developed mathematical model of the suspension. It is shown that such a suspension can be developed in principle.
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Braghin, Francesco, Edoardo Sabbioni, and Francesco Annoni. "Design of a Leaf Spring Suspension for an FSAE Vehicle." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35474.

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FSAE is a competition in which engineering students are asked to conceive, design, fabricate and compete with small, formula style, autocross racing cars ([1]). To give teams the maximum design flexibility and the freedom to express their creativity and imaginations there are very few restrictions on the overall vehicle design. DynamiΣ team (from Politecnico di Milano) has designed and optimized a new leaf spring suspension that allows to significantly reduce the weight and lower the centre of gravity of traditional suspensions that are based on linear dampers and coil springs. In fact, besides being extremely adjustable, the proposed leaf spring suspension weights a half, being made of carbon fiber and aluminum sandwich, and lowers the centre of gravity of the suspension system, being placed below the vehicle frame.
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Oledzki, Wieslaw J. "Progressive Rate Steel Vehicle Suspension." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13093.

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It is well known that progressiveness of the damping characteristic of vehicle suspension is a highly desirable feature that substantially improves shock absorption transmitted from the road wheels to the body of a vehicle. It is also well known that progressive rate vehicle suspensions with smooth (i.e. differentiable) damping characteristic commonly in use are pneumatic and hydro-pneumatic ones. However, these suspensions are inferior to steel ones in many aspects such as strength, durability, reliability and cost, and their damping characteristic, being determined by the thermodynamic properties (adiabatic exponent) of the gas (air or nitrogen) they utilize, cannot be freely adjusted and is far from optimum. There are also some progressive rate vehicle suspensions fitted with steel springs, but they usually features inferior non-differentiable damping characteristic. The problem of constructing purely mechanical steel progressive rate vehicle suspension has been undertaken by many inventors, but none of such suspensions proposed in the past was a success. This is due to the fact that those suspensions used unreliable and perishable cam mechanisms to achieve required non-linearity of damping characteristic. In the present article we briefly discuss an innovative recently patented [1-4] vehicle suspension, that produces progressive rate smooth damping characteristic out of linear characteristic of steel spring of any kind, which damping characteristic can be adjusted to any specific requirements, and which features extraordinarily compact and robust structure. It is to be stressed that the suspension presented in this paper has yet not been tested in a vehicle, but some measurements has been made using a steel model of a "flat" version of the suspension mechanism proving general assumptions behind the design.
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4

Murai, Teruyuki, Seizo Takamuku, and Nobuharu Takenoshita. "High Sag Resistance Spring Wire for Automotive Suspension." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/850059.

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5

Fujita, Etsunori, Noritoshi Nakagawa, Yumi Ogura, and Shigeyuki Kojima. "Vibration Characteristics of Vertical Suspension Using Magneto-Spring." In Noise & Vibration Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-1781.

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6

Hueck, Manfred, Werner Hutter, and Walter Schuetz. "A New High Speed Suspension Spring Test Machine." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/900663.

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7

Sivakumar, V. "Durability Enhancement of Spring Seat in Bogie Suspension." In 8th SAEINDIA International Mobility Conference & Exposition and Commercial Vehicle Engineering Congress 2013 (SIMCOMVEC). 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-2848.

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8

Ferraresi, Carlo, Walter Franco, Giuseppe Quaglia, Andrea Morello, and Domenico Pierucci. "Pneumatic Vehicular Suspension With a Controllable Stiffness Spring." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95400.

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This paper deals with the design of a new vehicular pneumatic suspension. It presents an innovative scheme of suspension, using a special 3-membrane deformable fluid spring. The spring is provided with three internal chambers, supplied by a compressible fluid. Each chamber presents a different volume gradient versus the stroke; a proper variation of the connection between the chambers, that may be performed in few milliseconds, determines a stiffness variation of the air spring. The spring structure and the related mathematical models are presented. Afterwards the process of adaptation of the component to a specific mid-low class car model, in order to achieve a prototypal phase, is described. Finally the results of some dynamic simulations of the car behavior are shown.
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9

Elmoselhy, Salah A. "Design and Shape Optimization of Hybrid Micro-Composite E-Springs for Vehicle Suspension Systems." In ASME 2006 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2006-21110.

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Hybrid Micro-composite E-springs are an optimized trend of springs first introduced to vehicle suspension systems. At first, a comparison between E-shape and other spring shapes is held theoretically. This theoretical comparison is verified numerically. The E-shape has proved to be the best shape in this comparison striking a balance between spring vertical deflection and maximum induced stress. Next, shape optimization of a hybrid micro-composite E-spring is conducted. At last, a thermoplastic-based hybrid micro-composite structure of the optimized E-spring is modified at micro-scale with additives of micrometer-sized particles of mineral clay. The proposed spring is presented in new passive and semi-active suspension mechanisms, displacing and remedying drawbacks of both the hydraulic dampers and steel springs.
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10

Gonçalves, V. R. M., L. C. F. Canale, V. Leskovšek, and B. Podgornik. "Influence of Cryogenic Treatment on the Fracture Toughness of Conventional and Super Clean Spring Steels." In 9th SAE Brasil International Suspension and Trailer Colloquium & Engneering Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2016-36-0064.

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Reports on the topic "Spring and suspension"

1

Mechanic struck and killed by over-pressurized suspension air spring on tractor trailer - Kentucky. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface16ky039.

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