Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sprinting performance

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Sprinting performance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sprinting performance"

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Glaister, Mark, Stephen D. Patterson, Paul Foley, Charles R. Pedlar, John R. Pattison, and Gillian McInnes. "Caffeine and Sprinting Performance." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 26, no. 4 (April 2012): 1001–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31822ba300.

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Van Den Tillaar, Roland, Amaro Teixeira, and Daniel Marinho. "Acute effect of resisted sprinting upon regular sprint performance." Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis 23 (January 18, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/akut.2017.23.02.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of resisted sprinting upon running sprint performance. Thirty male athletes from track and field (age: 21.2±2.9 yrs, body mass: 69.8±9.8 kg, height: 1.75±0.08 m) performed two different test sessions (one day of 7×60 m runs alternating between regular and resisted sprinting and the other day 7×60 m of regular sprints) with 5 min between each run. Sled towing individually weighted to 10% of each participant’s body mass was used as resistance for the resisted sprints. It was found that training with or without resistance had the same effect; there is no acute effect of resisted sprinting upon sprint performance after using resisted runs. It was concluded that resisted sprinting does not have any acute positive effect upon regular sprints of 60 m, but only a fatiguing effect.
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Nagahara, Ryu, Mirai Mizutani, Akifumi Matsuo, Hiroaki Kanehisa, and Tetsuo Fukunaga. "Association of Step Width with Accelerated Sprinting Performance and Ground Reaction Force." International Journal of Sports Medicine 38, no. 07 (May 8, 2017): 534–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-106191.

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AbstractThis study aimed to describe changes in step width (SW) during accelerated sprinting, and to clarify the relationship of SW with sprinting performance and ground reaction forces. 17 male athletes performed maximal-effort 60 m sprints. The SW and other spatiotemporal variables, as well as ground reaction impulses, over a 52 m distance were calculated. Average values for each 4 steps during acceleration were calculated to examine relationships among variables in different sections. The SW rapidly decreased up to the 13th step and slightly afterward during accelerated sprinting, showing a bilinear phase profile. The ratio of SW to the stature was significantly correlated with running speed based on average values over the 52 m distance and in the 9th–12th step section during accelerated sprinting. The SW ratio positively correlated with medial, lateral and mediolateral impulses in all step sections, except for medial impulse in the 17th–20th step section. These results indicate the importance of wider SW for better sprinting performance, especially in the 9th–12th step section. Moreover, the wider SW was associated with larger medial impulse and smaller lateral impulse, suggesting that a wide SW contributes to the production of greater mediolateral body velocity during accelerated sprinting.
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Sporiš, Goran, Vlatko Vučetić, and Marjan Jerković. "Relationship between kicking and sprinting performance." International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport 7, no. 2 (May 2007): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2007.11868394.

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Simitzi, Vasiliki Ε., Athanasios Tsoukos, Ioannis N. Kostikiadis, Charalampos A. Parotsidis, Christos Paizis, George P. Nassis, and Spyridon K. Methenitis. "The acute effects of different high-intensity conditioning activities on sprint performance differ between sprinters of different strength and power characteristics." Kinesiology 53, no. 2 (2021): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.26582/k.53.2.2.

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of different conditioning activities (CAs) on short-term increase in sprint performance. In twelve male sprinters (21.1±2.6 years, 100 m performance: 11.5±0.6 s) their body composition, half squat maximum strength, 100 m sprinting and countermovement jump performances were evaluated. The performance of a 50 m sprint (splits at 10 m, 30 m and 50 m) was evaluated before and 5, 10 and 15 min after four postactivation performance enhancement CAs on different occasions: [1] 3 sets x 4 s maximum isometric half squat (IHF), [2] 3 sets x 3 consecutive countermovement jumps (cCMJs), [3] 3 repetitions x 30 m overspeed sprinting (OVSP) and [4] dynamic submaximal half squat (2 sets x 2 reps x 90% of 1-RM half squat; HSQ). Significant improvements of sprinting performance were found 10 and 15 min following the cCMJs, OVSP and HSQ’s interventions, in all distances (p<.05; -2.14±1.21% and -3.56±2.47%), without any significant difference between these interventions and time points (p>.05). Significant inter-individual differences were found in the magnitude of sprint performance improvements as well as in the optimal time window (p<.05), with the stronger sprinters responding better after HSQs, while the more powerful sprinters after cCMJs and OVSPs. In conclusion, it seems that cCMJs, OVSP and HSQ can acutely increase sprinting performance after 10 min, but CA’s induced increases in sprinting performance are highly related to the strength and power characteristics of each sprinter.
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Hogarth, Luke, Mark McKean, Max McKenzie, and Tyler Collings. "Utility of an Isometric Midthigh Pull Test to Assess Lower Body Muscular Strength in Professional Netball Players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 16, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 719–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0900.

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Purpose: This study established the relationship between isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) peak force and court-based jumping, sprinting, and change of direction (COD) performance in professional netball players. The change in IMTP peak force in response to sport-specific training was also examined. Methods: IMTP peak force and court-based jumping, sprinting, and COD were collected in 18 female athletes contracted to a Suncorp Super Netball team. Linear regression models established the relationship between absolute and normalized strength values and court-based performance measures in the participant cohort. Changes in IMTP peak force and court-based performance measures were examined following 2 consecutive preseason training blocks in a subset of participants. Results: The IMTP peak force values normalized to body mass were found to be determinants of court-based jumping, sprinting, and COD performance in the participant cohort (R2 = .34–.65, P ≤ .016). The participants showed increases in absolute (mean ± SE = 398 ± 68.5 N, P < .001, Hedge g = 0.70 [−0.05 to 1.35]) and normalized IMTP peak force (mean ± SE = 4.6 ± 0.78 N·kg−1, P < .001, Hedge g = 0.47 [−0.04 to 0.97]) over 2 consecutive training blocks that coincided with improvements in jumping, sprinting, and COD performances. Conclusion: IMTP peak force is a determinant of court-based jumping, sprinting, and COD performance and is sensitive to training in professional netball players. These results support the utility of the IMTP test to monitor the development and maintenance of maximal lower body muscular strength in these athletes.
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Kulmala, Juha-Pekka, Marko T. Korhonen, Sami Kuitunen, Harri Suominen, Ari Heinonen, Aki Mikkola, and Janne Avela. "Which muscles compromise human locomotor performance with age?" Journal of The Royal Society Interface 11, no. 100 (November 6, 2014): 20140858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0858.

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Ageing leads to a progressive decline in human locomotor performance. However, it is not known whether this decline results from reduced joint moment and power generation of all lower limb muscle groups or just some of them. To further our understanding of age-related locomotor decline, we compare the amounts of joint moments and powers generated by lower limb muscles during walking (self-selected), running (4 m s −1 ) and sprinting (maximal speed) among young, middle-aged and old adults. We find that age-related deficit in ankle plantarflexor moment and power generation becomes more severe as locomotion change from walking to running to sprinting. As a result, old adults generate more power at the knee and hip extensors than their younger counterparts when walking and running at the same speed. During maximal sprinting, young adults with faster top speeds demonstrate greater moments and powers from the ankle and hip joints, but interestingly, not from the knee joint when compared with the middle-aged and old adults. These findings indicate that propulsive deficit of ankle contributes most to the age-related locomotor decline. In addition, reduced muscular output from the hip rather than from knee limits the sprinting performance in older age.
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Nagahara, Ryu, Yohei Takai, Miki Haramura, Mirai Mizutani, Akifumi Matsuo, Hiroaki Kanehisa, and Tetsuo Fukunaga. "Age-Related Differences in Spatiotemporal Variables and Ground Reaction Forces During Sprinting in Boys." Pediatric Exercise Science 30, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2017-0058.

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Purpose:We aimed to elucidate age-related differences in spatiotemporal and ground reaction force variables during sprinting in boys over a broad range of chronological ages.Methods:Ground reaction force signals during 50-m sprinting were recorded in 99 boys aged 6.5–15.4 years. Step-to-step spatiotemporal variables and mean forces were then calculated.Results:There was a slower rate of development in sprinting performance in the age span from 8.8 to 12.1 years compared with younger and older boys. During that age span, mean propulsive force was almost constant, and step frequency for older boys was lower regardless of sprinting phase. During the ages younger than 8.8 years and older than 12.1 years, sprint performance rapidly increased with increasing mean propulsive forces during the middle acceleration and maximal speed phases and during the initial acceleration phase.Conclusion:There was a stage of temporal slower development of sprinting ability from age 8.8 to 12.1 years, being characterized by unchanged propulsive force and decreased step frequency. Moreover, increasing propulsive forces during the middle acceleration and maximal speed phases and during the initial acceleration phase are probably responsible for the rapid development of sprinting ability before and after the period of temporal slower development of sprinting ability.
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Diker, Gürken, Sürhat Müniroğlu, Sadi Ön, Hüseyin Özkamçı, and Abdulkerim Darendeli. "The relationship between sprint performance and both lower and upper extremity explosive strength in young soccer players." Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports 25, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2021.0102.

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Background and Study Aim. Sprint performance plays a major role in success of field-based team sports such as soccer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sprinting performance and both lower and upper extremity explosive strength in young soccer players. Material and Methods. One hundred forty-seven soccer players (mean±SD; age 11.6±1.66 years, height 143.2±11.8 cm, body mass 37.1±10.2 kg and training experience 1.11±1.5 years) voluntarily participated in this study. The sprinting performance of each player was determined using their 5, 10, 20 and 30m single sprint times. The lower and upper extremity explosive strength were evaluated by standing long jump and medicine ball throwing tests respectively. Prior to the study, each of the players was given detailed information about the risks and injuries they could encounter during the study, and parental consent was obtained by their signatures on informed voluntary consent forms since the subjects were under the age of 18. Permission to conduct the study was obtained from Ankara University Medical Faculty’s Surgical and Medical Research Ethics Committee. Results. The results indicated a strong relationship between sprinting performance and horizontal jump performance (r=-.671 ̶ -.764; p=0.001) and also a large relationship between sprinting performance and upper extremity strength (r=-.633 ̶ -.703; p=0.001). The sprint performance (n=147) also significantly correlated with body weight (r=-.345 ̶ -.373; p=0.001) and height (r=-.445 ̶ -.505; p=0.001). Conclusions. The study results suggest that upper extremity strength is as important as the lower extremity strength for sprinting performance and that trainers should emphasize lower and upper extremity strength in training intended to improve sprinting performance.
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Hutchison, D. J., and J. W. Yates. "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AN INCLINE TREADMILL SPRINTING PROGRAM VERSUS A GROUND-BASED SPRINTING PROGRAM." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 35, Supplement 1 (May 2003): S98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200305001-00541.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sprinting performance"

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Bezodis, Ian Nicholas. "Biomechanical performance variation in maximum velocity sprinting." Thesis, University of Bath, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432390.

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Sinden, Sean. "Does salbutamol improve sprinting performance following endurance cycling?" Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55863.

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Salbutamol, an inhaled asthma medication, may have a number of extra-pulmonary effects throughout the body that may result in an ergogenic benefit during exercise. Purpose: To investigate the ergogenic effects of high-dose inhaled salbutamol on sprint performance following a prolonged, individualized, steady-state exercise bout; secondarily, to identify the systemic effects of salbutamol during steady-state exercise that might explain such an ergogenic finding. Methods: Using a eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea test, ten male and ten female cyclists were tested for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Using a crossover design, participants inhaled either placebo or 1600g of salbutamol and subsequently completed two 75-minute constant power cycling bouts immediately followed by a 30-second Wingate test. Primary outcomes were those collected during the Wingate test: peak and mean power. Lactate, perceived exertion, ventilatory, and gas exchange measurements were collected throughout the steady-state bout. A repeated-measures ANOVA was utilized to assess the effects of sex, EIB status, and salbutamol on performance outcomes. Results: Lung function was improved following salbutamol inhalation (M = 8.3%, SD = 1.0%) compared to placebo (M = 1.0%, SD = 5.6%). The differences in peak and mean power between the salbutamol and placebo conditions were not found to be statistically significant. During the 75-minute endurance bout, carbohydrate utilization, heart rate, and minute ventilation were increased while ventilatory efficiency was decreased. In general, the effects of salbutamol were more pronounced in women relative to men, while no impactful differences were found as a function of EIB status. Conclusion: Despite inducing a possible increase in carbohydrate metabolism, salbutamol inhalation did not cause a significant increase in peak or mean power during a 30-second Wingate test.
Education, Faculty of
Kinesiology, School of
Graduate
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Kawamori, Naoki. "Sprint acceleration performance in team sports : biomechanical characteristics and training methods." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/224.

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Sprinting is a fundamental activity in many team sports such as soccer, rugby, football, field hockey, and basketball. Specifically, the ability to rapidly increase sprint running velocity over short distances, which is often referrcd to as sprint acceleration ability, is of major importance to team-sport athletes since sprint efforts during team-sport matches are typically of short duration (e.g., 10-20 m, 2-3 s). Biomechanical characteristics of the acceleration phase of sprinting has previously been studied in track sprinters from a block start, but there is a dearth of research exploring tile biomechanieal charactcristics of sprint acceleration in team-sport athletes from starting positions that are specific to team-sport match situations (e.g., standing start). In addition, resisted sprint training such as weighted sled towing is a popular training modality that athletes often use in an effort to improve sprint acceleration ability, but its use is largely based on choaches' observation and lacks experimental evidence. In particular, the optimal training load for resisted sprint training is currently unknown. This thesis explored to fill the research gap in such areas.
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Shorten, James. "Relationships between sprint performance, power output and fatigue." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03022010-020148/.

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Jenkins, Karen M. "The effect of wearing strength shoes during plyometric training on vertical jump performance." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06232009-063100/.

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O'Grady, Mathew. "Manipulating a conditioning activity to enhance potentiation and its application to jumping and sprinting performance." Thesis, Federtion University Australia, 2017. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/165480.

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Post-activation potentiation (PAP) is the phenomenon where contractile history of a muscle may acutely increase voluntary performance of future contractions that are biomechanically similar (72). In order to exploit the PAP phenomenon, a conditioning activity (CA) is performed to enhance the performance of a subsequent skill. Throughout the literature, a common example of a CA is sets of heavy-loaded squats in order to potentiate subsequent jumping (31,33,39,57,83,116,151,163) or sprinting performance (15,28,39,99). Post-activation potentiation can be used either in a warm-up to acutely enhance performance for competition, or used within a resistance training session to enhance speed-strength, with the intention of producing a greater training stimulus for chronic adaptations. The major issue with the PAP literature is the inconsistent results from study to study. There are many examples within the research that show the positive effects of PAP (44,54,57,62,83,102,133,163), whilst many others have failed to find any increase in performance (42,47,56,81,112,123,141). The results have been inconsistent as the methodology between studies has varied dramatically. These differences include the warm-up used prior to testing sessions, changes in the type of CA (30,54,163), the intensity or load of the CA (19,21,33) and the rest period allocated between the CA and the performance of the skill. Furthermore, it seems that certain individuals respond better to a CA, with most of the literature suggesting that participant strength has a positive correlation with a potentiating response (15,31,44,116,128,129,163). Due to the vast differences in methodologies used throughout the potentiation literature, it is hard for coaches to identify the best practice in order to elicit a positive potentiating effect. Therefore, four studies were designed to address these current gaps within the potentiation literature in order to establish the best methodology to elicit a potentiating response. The first study sought to investigate whether a heavy half-squat CA could further improve jumping after an individualised optimal warm-up. As many of the warm-ups used prior to the baseline measurement in the potentiation research have been insufficient (30,44,69,71,88,102,111,115,140,143,158), it is plausible to suggest that improvements after a CA could be due to general mechanisms of a warm-up, rather than PAP. To investigate this, participants performed six different volumes of warm-ups on six separate days, followed by CMJ and DJ testing. After each participant completed the six warm-ups, their individual optimum warm-up was identified as the warm-up that produced the greatest CMJ relative peak power (RPP). On two separate sessions, a CA of four half-squats at a 5RM load was then added to each individual’s optimum warm-up and a sub-optimum warm-up. Countermovement jump tests were performed before the CA (pre) and then four and eight minutes after the CA. Drop jump testing was performed before the CA (pre) and then six and 10 minutes after the CA. When examining each post-test separately, no improvements in CMJ performance were identified. Furthermore, for both the optimum and sub-optimum warm-up conditions, DJ performance significantly decreased at all post-tests (p < 0.05). When each individuals best recovery period was considered (post-best), both the maximum and mean CMJ jump height significantly increased above baseline measures for the optimum warm-up condition. No other CMJ or DJ variable displayed any significant change after the addition of the CA for either condition. As significant increases in CMJ jump height were identified, the four half-squat CA with a 5RM load was used in the next investigation. Although each individual’s optimum warm-up volume varied, the moderate warm-up volume produced sufficient CMJ performance for all individuals. Considering the time required identifying each individuals optimum warm-up, the moderate warm-up was deemed sufficient and was used for the following studies. The second study of this thesis investigated the acute response of two different CA strategies. Both CAs included four half squats at a 5RM load, however, in one condition participants were instructed to perform the squat in a controlled manner, whilst in the second condition, they were instructed to lift the bar as fast as possible without losing contact with the ground. At any post-time (including post-best), no significant improvement were identified for any CMJ variable in either condition. Furthermore, DJ performance significantly decreased at all post-tests for the explosive CA condition. Although no significant improvements were identified, when each individual’s optimum recovery period was considered, CMJ jump height increased by 2.6% in the explosive CA condition, as opposed to 0.9% in the controlled CA condition. Because of this difference within the means of each condition, for the future studies throughout this thesis, participants were instructed to lift the bar as fast as possible during a heavy half-squat CA. The third study of this thesis compared different volumes of plyometric CAs (rebound jumps) to a CA involving heavy half-squats and assessed the effect each had on potentiating CMJ and sprinting performance. Past research had often used small amounts of plyometric contacts to potentiate future contractions (23,30,143,146,151), however, due to their short duration; they were often not successful in improving performance. For one condition, this study increased the repetitions of plyometric contacts in the CA, so that its duration matched the time under tension exhibited by the four half-squats with a 5RM load. Furthermore, two other plyometric CA conditions were included; one that matched half of the time under tension of the half-squats and one that involved only four repetitions of the rebound jump (match the amount of repetitions of the half-squat). No CA (plyometric or half-squat) displayed statistical significant improvements in CMJ or sprint performance at any post-test interval. For CMJ performance, although it did not significantly improve performance, generally the heavy half-squat CA had smaller decrements in performance than the plyometric CAs, hence the final investigation of this thesis focussed upon different heavy dynamic CAs in order to potentiate CMJ performance. The final study of this thesis firstly aimed to investigate the effect of three different types of half-squat CAs had on potentiating CMJ performance. This study also aimed to explore why certain individuals respond positively to a CA, whilst others respond in a negative manner. At the beginning of this study, participants completed a number of fitness performance tests, to assess each individual’s performance. Participants then assessed the effect of three different CAs on CMJ performance. These CAs included three repetitions of the half-squat with a 3RM load (3 @ 3RM), four repetitions with a 5RM load (4 @ 5RM) and then five repetitions with a 5RM load (5 @ 5RM). In terms of the entire population of the study, after each of the CAs, post-CMJ performance typically decreased across all rest periods, whilst any improvement in particular CMJ variables were considered to only be trivial in terms of effect size magnitudes. Despite this, multiple statistically significant positive correlations were evident between particular fitness qualities (absolute strength, CMJ RPP and aerobic capacity) and the change scores between pre and post-best CMJ performance after certain CAs. Therefore, the participants were median split in terms of each of the following fitness qualities to assess the relationship each quality has on potentiating CMJ performance. When the population was split in terms of absolute strength, the stronger participants significantly improved CMJ performance at their best recovery period after the performance of the 5 @ 5RM CA (three out of the four CMJ variables assessed significantly improved), whilst the weaker individuals showed no significant improvements. A similar trend was exhibited when the population was split in terms of CMJ RPP, with the more powerful individuals improving by small to moderate effect size magnitudes after the 5 @ 5RM CA, whilst the less powerful group did not. From the studies presented in the thesis, it can be concluded that certain recreationally resistance trained males can acutely enhance CMJ performance with the use of a heavy dynamic CA, even after pre-test performance has been optimised by a general warm-up. The optimum recovery period for the individual does need to be considered, as individuals require different amounts of rest to allow for an improvement in performance. Furthermore, the individual needs to have sufficient strength of the lower limbs in order to improve future contractions via the use of the heavy dynamic CA, as individuals with less strength do not improve post-CMJ performance after a CA. In terms of the type of CA used, heavy half-squat seem to be more effective than rebound jumps in order to potentiate CMJ performance. Furthermore, five repetitions with a 5RM load seems more effective than heavier CAs (3 @ 3RM) or ones that have less repetitions (4 @ 5RM) for this particular population.
Doctor of Philosophy
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Bezodis, Neil. "Biomechanical investigations of sprint start technique and performance." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512297.

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Opheim, Maximilian Nicholas. "Effect of Capsaicin Supplementation on Performance of and Physiological Response to Repeated Sprinting." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41217.

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Aim: Fatigue during team sports requiring multiple sprints can result from the combined effects of metabolic, mechanical, neurological, and immune factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of capsaicin on performance of and the physiological response to an exercise test simulating the fitness demands of team sport game conditions. Methods: This study was a placebo-controlled, crossover design. Nineteen healthy male experienced athletes age 18-30 yr consumed either 3 g/d cayenne (25.8 mg/d capsaicin) or placebo for 1 wk. Directly following the supplementation period, they completed a repeated sprint test consisting of 15 30 m maximal effort sprints on 35 s intervals. Sprint times were recorded via electronic dual-beam timing system. Fasted blood draws for interleukin-6 (IL-6) were taken at baseline prior to supplementation, 45-min pretest, and immediately post test. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), muscle soreness (MS), and gastrointestinal distress (GD) were measured 1-min pretest, during, posttest, and 1-min posttest. MS was also measured for 3 d posttest. Results: Relative to the placebo, capsaicin significantly reduced maximum HR by 9.3%, total average HR by 8.5%, and sprinting average HR by 6.0% (P<0.05). Capsaicin caused GD of at least 2/5 in 24.5% of subjects. There was no difference between treatments in fastest or mean sprint time, fatigue, percent change or difference in IL-6, BP, RPE, sprint or posttest MS. Conclusion: Capsaicin did not influence repeated sprint performance or the inflammatory response, but reduced HR during intense activity and causes substantial GD.
Master of Science
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Miller, James. "Changes in Sprint Kinematics Between Phase Potentiation and Linear PRogressive Models of Resistance Training." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3309.

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Fifteen well-trained males, mid-thigh pull peak force (IPF 4403.61 ± 664.69N) and isometric peak force allometrically scaled (IPFa 226.04 ± 25.81) were assigned to two groups: repetition maximum training (RM) and relative intensity training (RI) for a twelve-week training intervention. The main effect of time showed a statistically significant difference in mean sprint performance and IPFa at the different time points (p < 0.001). There was a larger magnitude of within-subject effect with respect to sprint performance pre – post with the RI group (ES = 1.06, 7.19%) as compared to the RM group (ES = 0.567, 4.23%, p < 0.001), as well as a larger magnitude of within-subject effect with respect to IPFa pre – post with the RI group (ES = 0.426, 7.51%) as compared to the RM group (ES = 0.270, 13.29%). Furthermore, there was a non-statistically significant, moderate between-group difference in the change in IPFa from pre-post in favor of the RI group (ES=.75), and a large between-group difference in the change in sprint performance pre-post in favor of the RI group (ES=1.50). Results lead investigators to suggest the utilization of RI training tactics for the development of sprint performance when minimal sprint skill training is available.
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Hancock, Andrew P. "EFFECT OF POST-ACTIVATION POTENTIATION (PAP) ON SWIM SPRINT PERFORMANCE." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1346001907.

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Books on the topic "Sprinting performance"

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Doscher, Warren. The art of sprinting: Techniques for speed and performance. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Company, 2009.

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Nummela, Ari. A new laboratory test method for estimating anaerobic performance characteristics with special reference to sprint running. Jyväskylä [Finland]: University of Jyväskylä, 1996.

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Blamey, Avril A. M. An investigation of the actual and perceived use of performance-enhancing drugs in British national sprinting from 1960-1990: A research study for the Scottish Sports Council. Edinburgh: Scottish Sports Council, 1992.

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High Performance Sprinting. Crowood Press, Limited, The, 2005.

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Peak oxygen deficit as a predictor of sprint and middle-distance track performance. 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sprinting performance"

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Sabadri, Saidatul Nur Syuhadah Mohamed, Jeffrey Low Fook Lee, Shaza Mohd Shah, Nursyaidatul Hafiza Madzlan, and Maisarah Mohd Saleh. "Effects of Attentional Focus Among Novices and Elite Athletes in Sprinting Performance." In Enhancing Health and Sports Performance by Design, 21–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3270-2_3.

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Kamarudin, Muhamad Khairi, Muhammad Haikal Satria, Hadafi Fitri Mohd Latip, and Atikah Muhammad. "Object Detection Approach Using Single Shot Multibox Detector for Sprinting Movement Recognition." In Enhancing Health and Sports Performance by Design, 318–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3270-2_33.

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Turiman, Sharul Hadi, Zulkifli Ahmad, and Nasrul Hadi Johari. "Preliminary Study on the Influence of Boot Studs on Rugby Players’ Sprinting Performance." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 61–71. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1577-2_6.

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"Nutrition guidelines for strength sports: Sprinting, weightlifting, throwing events, and bodybuilding." In Food, Nutrition and Sports Performance III, 75–86. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315873268-15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sprinting performance"

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Raghavan, Arun, Yixin Luo, Anuj Chandawalla, Marios Papaefthymiou, Kevin P. Pipe, Thomas F. Wenisch, and Milo M. K. Martin. "Computational sprinting." In 2012 IEEE 18th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hpca.2012.6169031.

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Vicens-Bordas, Jordi, Ernest Esteve, Azahara Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, Martí Casals, Thomas Bandholm, Lasse Ishoi, David Opar, Anthony Shield, and Kristian Thorborg. "160 Eccentric hamstring strength and sprinting performance changes during the off-season in Spanish footballers." In IOC World Conference on Prevention of Injury & Illness in Sport 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-ioc.148.

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Piazza, Stephen J. "Effects of Muscle Moment Arm Variation on Performance During the Acceleration Phase of Sprinting: A Computer Simulation Study." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206772.

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Elite sprinters are differentiated from merely good sprinters by their performance during the first 20 m of a 100 m race [1]. The impulse of the ground reaction force in the forward direction during the sprint start has been found to correlate negatively with overall race time indicating that the best sprinters are the ones who are able to accelerate rapidly at the start of a race. Many factors have been examined to determine the anatomical and physiological characteristics that contribute to sprinting ability, including muscle fiber type, muscle size, and muscle architecture parameters such as fascicle length and pennation angle. Joint structure has received less attention, although it has the potential to influence sprint performance in complex ways.
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Peric, Ivan, Barbara Gilic, and Mateo Blazevic. "Vitamin D status among youth soccer players; association with chronological age, maturity status, jumping and sprinting performance." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-14.

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Purpose: Vitamin D is known to have a significant role in numerous body-system processes. Specifically, it has an impact on muscle functioning and, therefore sports performance. Chil-dren and adolescents have increased need for vitamin D because of its importance in growth and development, and it is evident that they are more susceptible to have vitamin D deficien-cy. Consequently, vitamin D status is particularly important issue in youth competitive sport. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insuficiency (measured as 25(OH)D concentration), and the possible associations between vitamin D, with age, maturity status, sprinting- and jumping-performance among youth soccer players. Methods: The sample of participants in this research comprised 62 youth soccer players (age: 15.7 ± 2.2 years). They were divided into two categories according to 25(OH)D levels measured at the end of the winter season: group with inadequate levels of 25(OH)D (vitamin D deficiency/insuficiency [ 75 nmol/L]). Biological maturity status (maturity offset) was calculated from participants age and height by the following equation: Maturity offset = −7.999994 + (0.0036124 × (age(yrs.) × height(cm)). Performance variables were 10 meters sprint test (S10m) and countermovement jump test (CMJ). Results: Results showed relatively good 25(OH)D concentrations (78.32 ± 23.39 nmol/L), with prevalence of deficiency ( < 50 nmol/L) in 8.06%, and insuficiency (50–75 nmol/L) in 46.77% athletes. Significant correlations were evidenced between the CMJ and 25(OH)D level (R = 0.27, p < 0.05), but chronological age was also correlated with CMJ (R = 0.64, p < 0.05). Further, higher chronological age was found in participants with suficient vitamin D levels (15.1 ± 2.4 vs. 16.4 ± 1.6 years; t-test = 2.43, p < 0.05). However, no significant as-sociation was evidenced between vitamin D and maturity status. Conclusion: Vitamin D groups significantly differed by chronological age but not by maturity status, which collectively with correlation between CMJ and vitamin D status indicates that both vitamin D status and performance in youth soccer players is actually influenced by chronological age. Meanwhile, biological age doesn’t have a significant physiological influ-ence on vitamin D concentration, while some external factors (i.e. time spent outdoors, pa-rental control, sunscreen usage), should be considered important.
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Foretic, Nikola, Barbara Gilic, and Damir Sekulic. "Reliability and validity of the newly developed tests of football specific change of direction speed and reactive agility in youth players." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-13.

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Purpose: Agility is an important determinant of success in football (soccer), but there is a lack of reliable and valid tests applicable in the evaluation of different agility components in youth football players. In this study we evaluated the reliability and factorial validity of the two newly developed tests of agility in male youth football players. Methods: The sample comprised 44 youth football players (all males, 14–15 years of age) who were tested on anthropometrics (body height and mass), newly developed tests of foot-ball specific reactive agility (FS-RAG) and change of direction speed (FS-CODS), one stand-ard test of CODS (20-yards), and sprinting over 20-m distance (S20M). The relative reliability is evaluated by calculation of Intra-Class-Correlation coeficients (ICC), while the absolute reliability was evaluated by calculation of the coeficient of variation (CV). Further, systematic bias was checked by analysis of variance for repeated measurements (ANOVA). The asso-ciations between studied variables were evidenced by Pearson’s correlation. Finally, factor analysis was calculated to define the factorial validity of agility tests (FS-RAG, FS-CODS, 20-yards). Results: The newly developed football-specific tests were found to be reliable, with better re-liability of FS-CODS (ICC: 0.81, CV: 6%), than of FS-RAG (ICC: 0.76, CV: 9%). The ANOVA evidenced significant (p < 0.05) learning effects for FS-RAG, but post-hoc analysis indicated stabilization of the results until the third testing trial. Factor analysis extracted one significant factor under the Guttmann-Kaiser criterion (Explained Variance: 1.67), showing the appro-priate factorial validity of newly developed tests in comparison to standard agility indicator 20-yards. Meanwhile, the significant correlations between all agility performances with S20M (Pearson’s R: 0.52–0.63; all p < 0.01) revealed that sprinting capacity significantly influence agility performances and that conditioning capacities of youth football players are not yet discriminated. Conclusion: Results showed appropriate reliability and validity of the newly developed tests of football specific change of direction speed and reactive agility. Therefore, here proposed FS-CODS and FS-RAG can be used as reliable and valid measures of agility components in youth football players. Further studies should evaluate the discriminative validity of the here proposed tests (i.e. identification of position-specific or performance-related differences), as well as reliability in younger players than those studied herein.
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Hermassi, Souhail, Lawrence D. Hayes, and René Schwesig. "Physical Fitness and Academic Performance in Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese Schoolchildren in Qatar: A Pilot Study for Physical Education Perspective." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0080.

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Childhood obesity and loss of physical fitness are rising problems internationally. Although research concerning mitigation strategies has been enforced, empirical results until now fail to address problems and needs of the Gulf region, which has unique geographical and cultural features. Therefore, this study investigated academic performance and physical fitness in normal, overweight, and obese child handball athletes in Qatar. Measurements included anthropometric data (BMI and body fat percentage (%BF)), and physical performance tests: agility T-half test; squat jump (SJ), and countermovement jump (CMJ), 10 and 15 m sprint; medicine ball throw. Aerobic capacity was evaluated using the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1. Academic achievement was assessed through school records of grades point average (GPA) of Mathematics, Science and Arabic. With the exception of medicine ball throw (obese: 4.08 ± 1.05 m) and sprinting parameters (overweight: 10 m: 2.43 ± 0.35 s, 15 m: 3.60 ± 0.46 s), athletes from the normal weight group showed the highest performance level in all parameters. Between group differences existed for the T-Half Test (p = 0.035, ηp2 = 0.190), CMJ (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.363) and SJ (p = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.269). For CMJ and SJ, the comparison between overweight and normal weight also yielded a difference (CMJ: p = 0.005; SJ: p = 0.009). The academic parameters generated the largest difference between groups for science (p = 0.057; ηp2 = 0.164). For all parameters studied, the normal weight group had the highest performance level. In contrast, the overweight group showed the lowest level of academic performance. These findings suggest being overweight or obese are related to science academic performance among schoolchildren in Qatar. Physical education teachers should be cognizant that health promotion interventions improving composition may have the additional potential to improve dimensions of academic performance.
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De Vivero, Charlie, Fulya Kaplan, and Ayse K. Coskun. "Experimental Validation of a Detailed Phase Change Model on a Hardware Testbed." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48568.

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Continued CMOS scaling accompanied with a stall in the voltage scaling has led to high on-chip power densities. High on-chip power densities elevate the temperatures, substantially limiting the performance and reliability of computing systems. The use of Phase Change Materials (PCMs)1 has been explored as a passive cooling method to manage excessive chip temperatures. The thermal properties of PCMs allow a large amount of heat to be stored at near-constant temperature during the phase transition. This heat storage capability of PCM can be leveraged during periods of intense computation. For systems with PCM, development of new management strategies is essential to maximize the benefits of PCM. In order to design and evaluate these management strategies, it is necessary to have an accurate PCM thermal model. In our recent work, we proposed a detailed phase change thermal model, which we integrated into a compact thermal simulation tool, HotSpot. In this paper, we build a hardware testbed incorporating a PCM unit on top of the chip package. We then validate the accuracy of our previously proposed thermal model by comparing the HotSpot simulation results against the measurements on the testbed. We observe that the error between the measured and simulated temperatures is less than 4°C with 0.65 probability. Finally, we implement a soft PCM capacity sensor that monitors the remaining PCM latent heat capacity to be used for development of thermal management policies. We evaluate a set of thermal management policies on the testbed. We compare policies that adjust the sprinting frequency based on current temperature against the policies that take action based on the remaining PCM capacity.
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Reports on the topic "Sprinting performance"

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Bashir, Marrium, Soh Kim Geok, and Saddam Akbar. Effects of Functional Training on Sprinting, Jumping and Functional Movement in players: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0130.

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Review question / Objective: The main objective of this review is to evaluate the effects of functional training on sprinting, jumping, and functional movement in players. Rationale: This review study will be significant, see the training effect size and give the directions for filling the gaps in the future researcher to enhance performance in different levels of athletes in sports. Eligibility criteria: In inclusion criteria: English language article, both gender athletes, male and female, related articles on all levels of athletes, and performance-related studies.
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