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Mendes, Jessica Andretta, and Sophie O. Vanwambeke. "Potential risk sites and their relationship with dengue cases, Campinas municipality, Southeast Brazil." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 4 (2023): e0011237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011237.
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Background Among the main activities of dengue and vector control recommended by the Ministry of Health of Brazil is the inspection and monitoring of properties identified as Strategic Points (SPs) and Special Buildings (SBs). SPs are properties associated to hazard, where there is a concentration of suitable egg-laying containers for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, while SBs have greater importance for human exposure to the dengue virus. Objectives To investigate the effect of characteristics of the urban landscape on dengue incidence. Specifically, we tested if SPs and SBs affect dengue case distribution in Campinas, and if they do, if they affect the risk differently. We considered the period from 2013 to 2016. Methods We tested whether dengue cases were more numerous than expected in the vicinity of SPs and SBs, putative sources of risk, using the Negative Binomial models. We also tested the existence of a gradient in incidence with increasing distance to SPs and SBs by using Stone’s test. Results The Rate Ratios (RR) values were always higher closer to the SPs and SBs, and these values tended to decrease as distance from these sources increased. In general, RR values greater than one, which indicates a higher risk, were associated to the closest buffers from the SPs/SBs properties, until nearly 550 meters for the SPs and 650 meters for the SBs. Stone’s test results indicated that for all years considered, there was a correlation between the distance from the SPs/SBs and dengue cases occurrences, except for SBs from 2016. For SPs the relationship is stronger than for SBs. Discussion Results are coherent with other studies which found that these properties contribute to an increased risk of dengue transmission. We emphasize the importance of public agents’ survey work and the importance to keep and improve the inspections in SPs/SBs recorded in Campinas.
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Orrù, Roberto, Roberta Licheri, Clara Musa, and Giacomo Cao. "Coupling SHS and SPS Processes." Advances in Science and Technology 88 (October 2014): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.88.111.
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The consolidation of refractory ceramic powders at relatively milder conditions with respect to conventional methods represents an important target to achieve. Based on results recently reported in the literature, it is possible to state that the combination of the Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) with the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technologies provides a useful contribution in this direction. Specifically, the two-steps processing route consisting in the synthesis of the ceramic powders by SHS and their subsequent densification by SPS is successfully utilized to obtain various dense MB2-based materials (M= Zr, Hf, Ta). In this regard, an important role is played by the SHS process, particularly for the synthesis of composite powders. Indeed, stronger interfaces are established among the different phases formed in-situ, so that diffusion phenomena are promoted during SPS. Additional benefits are produced by the use of the latter technology, due to the direct passage of the electric current through the powders undergoing sintering and the die containing them.
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Mei, Linlu, Vladimir Rozanov, Evelyn Jäkel, Xiao Cheng, Marco Vountas, and John P. Burrows. "The retrieval of snow properties from SLSTR Sentinel-3 – Part 2: Results and validation." Cryosphere 15, no. 6 (2021): 2781–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2781-2021.
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Abstract. To evaluate the performance of the eXtensible Bremen Aerosol/cloud and surfacE parameters Retrieval (XBAER) algorithm, presented in the Part 1 companion paper to this paper, we apply the XBAER algorithm to the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) instrument on board Sentinel-3. Snow properties – snow grain size (SGS), snow particle shape (SPS) and specific surface area (SSA) – are derived under cloud-free conditions. XBAER-derived snow properties are compared to other existing satellite products and validated by ground-based and aircraft measurements. The atmospheric correction is performed on SLSTR for cloud-free scenarios using Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and the aerosol typing strategy according to the standard XBAER algorithm. The optimal SGS and SPS are estimated iteratively utilizing a look-up-table (LUT) approach, minimizing the difference between SLSTR-observed and SCIATRAN-simulated surface directional reflectances at 0.55 and 1.6 µm. The SSA is derived for a retrieved SGS and SPS pair. XBAER-derived SGS, SPS and SSA have been validated using in situ measurements from the recent campaign SnowEx17 during February 2017. The comparison shows a relative difference between the XBAER-derived SGS and SnowEx17-measured SGS of less than 4 %. The difference between the XBAER-derived SSA and SnowEx17-measured SSA is 2.7 m2/kg. XBAER-derived SPS can be reasonably explained by the SnowEx17-observed snow particle shapes. Intensive validation shows that (1) for SGS and SSA, XBAER-derived results show high correlation with field-based measurements, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.85. The root mean square errors (RMSEs) of SGS and SSA are around 12 µm and 6 m2/kg. (2) For SPS, aggregate SPS retrieved by XBAER algorithm is likely to be matched with rounded grains while single SPS in XBAER is possibly linked to faceted crystals. The comparison with aircraft measurements, during the Polar Airborne Measurements and Arctic Regional Climate Model Simulation Project (PAMARCMiP) campaign held in March 2018, also shows good agreement (with R=0.82 and R=0.81 for SGS and SSA, respectively). XBAER-derived SGS and SSA reveal the variability in the aircraft track of the PAMARCMiP campaign. The comparison between XBAER-derived SGS results and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Snow-Covered Area and Grain size (MODSCAG) product over Greenland shows similar spatial distributions. The geographic distribution of XBAER-derived SPS over Greenland and the whole Arctic can be reasonably explained by campaign-based and laboratory investigations, indicating a reasonable retrieval accuracy of the retrieved SPS. The geographic variabilities in XBAER-derived SGS and SSA both over Greenland and Arctic-wide agree with the snow metamorphism process.
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Fletcher, Iain M., and Mathew M. Monte-Colombo. "An investigation into the possible physiological mechanisms associated with changes in performance related to acute responses to different preactivity stretch modalities." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 35, no. 1 (2010): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h09-125.
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The aim of this study was to explore the potential mechanisms underlying performance changes linked to different warm-up stretch modalities. Twenty-one male collegiate–semiprofessional soccer players (age, 20.8 ±2.3 years) performed under 3 different warm-up conditions: a no-stretch warm-up (WU), a warm-up including static passive stretches (SPS), and a warm-up incorporating static dynamic stretches (SDS). Countermovement jump, drop jump, peak torque, heart rate, core temperature, movement kinematics, and electromyography (EMG) were recorded for each intervention. Significant increases (p < 0.001) in performance were recorded for the countermovement, drop jump, and peak torque measures when the SDS was compared with the WU and SPS trials. When mechanism data were analysed, heart rate was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the SDS condition compared with the SPS and WU conditions (a pattern also shown with core temperature), whereas the WU condition heart rate was also significantly higher than the SPS condition heart rate. When EMG data were examined for the rectus femoris muscle, significantly greater (p < 0.01) muscle activity was observed in the SDS condition compared with the SPS condition. It seems the most likely mechanisms to explain the increase in performance in the SDS condition compared with the SPS condition are increased heart rate, greater muscle activity, and increased peak torque.
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Picornell Buendía, Mª Raquel, Arturo Pardo Giménez, and José Arturo De Juan Valero†. "Agronomic quantitative assessment of substrates based on spents of Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 107, no. 2 (2016): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.09.
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<p class="TNR12">In this work the agronomic viability of substrates based on spents of <em>Agaricus bisporus</em> (J.E.Lange) Imbach) (SAS) and <em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em> (Jacq.) P. Kumm. (SPS) was studied. In addition to the commercial substrate used as reference, six different treatments were considered. In this experiment, SPS and SAS were mixed in different ratios (from 6,000 g and 0 g, respectively, up to 3,000 g and 3,000 g, respectively). SAS was subjected to a heat treatment in a growing room ("cook out") and then to a maturation treatment which consisted of a controlled recomposting process in growing rooms. SPS was subjected to a pasteurizing heat treatment (60 °C - 65 °C, 8 h) and progressive decrease for at least 15 h to a "spawning" temperature (25 °C).</p>SPS (5,400 g) + SAS (600 g) and SPS (4,800 g) + SAS (1,200 g) were prepared substrates with biological efficiencies (BE) of 35.98 % and 39.68 % respectively, lower than the control (46.18 %) and acceptable yields. The average unit mass of fruiting body harvested was low.<strong></strong>
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Hang, Dong, Amit D. Joshi, Xiaosheng He, et al. "Colorectal cancer susceptibility variants and risk of conventional adenomas and serrated polyps: results from three cohort studies." International Journal of Epidemiology 49, no. 1 (2019): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz096.
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Abstract Background Increasing evidence suggests that conventional adenomas (CAs) and serrated polyps (SPs) represent two distinct groups of precursor lesions for colorectal cancer (CRC). The influence of common genetic variants on risk of CAs and SPs remain largely unknown. Methods Among 27 426 participants within three prospective cohort studies, we created a weighted genetic risk score (GRS) based on 40 CRC-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in previous genome-wide association studies; and we examined the association of GRS (per one standard deviation increment) with risk of CAs, SPs and synchronous CAs and SPs, by multivariable logistic regression. We also analysed individual variants in the secondary analysis. Results During 18–20 years of follow-up, we documented 2952 CAs, 1585 SPs and 794 synchronous CAs and SPs. Higher GRS was associated with increased risk of CAs [odds ratio (OR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-1.21] and SPs (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03-1.14), with a stronger association for CAs than SPs (Pheterogeneity=0.01). An even stronger association was found for patients with synchronous CAs and SPs (OR = 1.32), advanced CAs (OR = 1.22) and multiple CAs (OR = 1.25). Different sets of variants were associated with CAs and SPs, with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.02 between the ORs associating the 40 SNPs with the two lesions. After correcting for multiple testing, three variants were associated with CAs (rs3802842, rs6983267 and rs7136702) and two with SPs (rs16892766 and rs4779584). Conclusions Common genetic variants play a potential role in the conventional and serrated pathways of CRC. Different sets of variants are identified for the two pathways, further supporting the aetiological heterogeneity of CRC.
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Eremeeva, J. V., O. V. Myakisheva, V. S. Panov, et al. "SPECIFIC FEATURES OF SPS-SINTERING OF BORON CARBIDE POWDERS PRODUCED BY DIFFERENT METHODS." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 21, no. 3 (2017): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2017-21-3-41-58.
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Mechanochemical and SHS methods are up-and-coming ways to produce finely dispersed boron carbide nano powder. With optimal process conditions the synthesized phases have ultra dispersed state with well-developed surfaces of the boundaries of grains and subgrains that have either a nano or microcrystalline structure, and that ensures its higher density after vibrocompaction treatment, which in its turn can result in a reduced burn-out rate and a slow-down absorption activity under the influence of neutron irradiation. The products of mechanochemical synthesis and SHS have specified composition and specific structural state and are related with fast solid-phase reactions. The presented research dealt with boron carbide powders that had been produced by mechanochemical or SHS methods, as well as by carbon char or amorphous boron reduction, or the reduction of boron carbide that had been produced by SPS sintering. The purpose of the research was to determine the most optimal SPS sintering modes and to investigate the structure and properties of the sintered boron carbide workpieces made from the powders produced by the above mentioned methods. Source materials for boron carbide synthesis by mechanochemical method or carbon reduction with subsequent crushing and grinding, as well as for SHS treatment were carbon char of PM-15 grade and amorphous boron of A grade taken in stoichiometric composition. SPS sintering of boron carbon powders produced as above mentioned took place at Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) - Labox 650 plant in graphite dies of 15 mm in diameter in vacuum under 25… 50 MPa pressure. The study of В4С powder workpieces that had been produced by mechanical synthesis, SHS or carbon reduction or SPS sintering of carbon char and amorphous boron mixture, yielded the most efficient modes of SPS sintering for each powder under research. The highest relative density was observed with SPS sintering of В4С powders produced by mechanosynthesis or SHS.
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Pakhomova, Ekaterina, Giacomo Cao, Roberto Orrù, Sebastiano Garroni, Paolo Ferro, and Roberta Licheri. "High-Entropy Diborides—Silicon Carbide Composites by Reactive and Non-Reactive Spark Plasma Sintering: A Comparative Study." Materials 17, no. 3 (2024): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17030718.
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The reactive spark plasma sintering (R-SPS) method was compared in this work with the two-step SHS–SPS route, based on the combination of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) with the SPS process, for the fabrication of dense (Hf0.2Mo0.2Ti0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2)B2–SiC and (Hf0.2Mo0.2Ti0.2Ta0.2Zr0.2)B2–SiC ceramics. A multiphase and inhomogeneous product, containing various borides, was obtained at 2000 °C/20 min by R-SPS from transition metals, B4C, and Si. In contrast, if the same precursors were first reacted by SHS and then processed by SPS under the optimized condition of 1800 °C/20 min, the desired ceramics were successfully attained. The resulting sintered samples possessed relative densities above 97% and displayed uniform microstructures with residual oxide content <2.4 wt.%. The presence of SiC made the sintering temperature milder, i.e., 150 °C below that needed by the corresponding additive-free system. The fracture toughness was also markedly improved, particularly when considering the Nb-containing system processed at 1800 °C/20 min, whereas the fracture toughness progressively decreased (from 7.35 to 5.36 MPa m1/2) as the SPS conditions became more severe. SiC addition was found to inhibit the volatilization of metal oxides like MoO3 formed during oxidation experiments, thus avoiding mass loss in the ceramics. The benefits above also likely took advantage of the fact that the two composite constituents were synthesized in parallel, according to the SHS–SPS approach, rather than being produced separately and combined subsequently, so that strong interfaces between them were formed.
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Shafeeque Ahmed, K., Shanmugam Prabhakar Karthikeyan, and Sarat Kumar Sahoo. "Special Protection Schemes: A Survey and Vision for the Future." Applied Mechanics and Materials 839 (June 2016): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.839.49.
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Any power system network is subjected to disturbances at any time and place. It is considered as one of the most stochastic system ever seen by the human beings. To enhance the power system reliability, System Protection Scheme (SPS) is an effective tool for utilizing the power grid during rare contingencies. This method is often employed as secondary protection schemes. SPS is also termed as Special Protection Scheme. SPS is referred with different names by different users such as IEEE as System Integrity Protection Scheme (SIPS), Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) as Remedial Action Scheme (RAS) and WECC and others as SPS. In India, only in late 90s, the concept of SPS was introduced to solve the above problem. In Indian power grid different SPS has been designed and implemented successfully. This paper presents a complete knowledge, need , general structure, characteristics and a brief description of the major SPS employed in various Indian Power grids. Post - commissioning performance of these SPS has also been analyzed briefly. Finally, highlights of major issues involved with the employment of SPS in the Indian scenario.
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Athiyyah, Royhanun, Selly Feranie, and Taufik Ramlan Ramalis. "DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC PROCESS-CREATIVE SKILLS (SP-CS) TEST ON LIGHT WAVE CONCEPT: CONTENT VALIDITY AND RASCH MODEL ANALYSIS." EDUSAINS 14, no. 2 (2022): 111–25. https://doi.org/10.15408/es.v14i2.28025.
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Most creativity assessments are carried out in general fields, whereas creativity assessments in specific fields are rarely carried out. This study aims to develop a scientific creative skills test instrument that is integrated with a scientific process skills test instrument (SP-CS test) on the light waves concept. This study used the ADDIE procedure. The research procedure consists of five stages including analyzing, designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating. The initial draft of SP-CS test consisted of 21 multiple choice scientific process skills (SPS) questions and 15 open-ended scientific creative skills (SCS) questions. The results of the expert judgement were analyzed using the content validity index (CVI) and obtained a value of 0.75 (very suitable) for the SPS instrument and 0.60 (suitable) for the SCS instrument. After being revised based on the expert suggestions, the test instrument was tested on 33 students (20 girls,13 boys) aged 17-18 years. The trial data were analyzed using the Rasch Model to obtained item fit (validity), reliability, distinction level, and difficulty level. The results show that 19 of the 21 questions of SPS instrument have item validity and 14 of 15 questions of SCS instrument have item validity. Besides that, the item reliability of the SPS and SCS test instrument is 0.79 and 0.91, respectively. Meanwhile, the person reliability is 0.82 (SPS) and 0.91 (SCS). Therefore, the SP-CS test is valid and reliable so that it can be used to measure scientific process skills and scientific creative skills of students in further research.AbstrakAsesmen kreativitas banyak dilakukan dalam bidang yang umum, sedangkan asesmen kreativitas pada bidang yang spesifik masih jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan tes scientific creativity skills yang diintegrasikan dengan tes scientific process skills (SP-CS test) pada konsep gelombang cahaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur ADDIE. Prosedur penelitian terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu menganalisis, merancang, mengembangkan, mengimplementasikan, dan mengevaluasi. Draf awal tes SP-CS terdiri dari 21 soal pilihan ganda scientific process skills (SPS) dan 15 soal uraian scientific creative skills (SCS). Hasil penilaian ahli dianalisis menggunakan indeks validitas isi (CVI), diperoleh nilai 0,75 (sangat sesuai) untuk instrumen SPS dan 0,60 (sesuai) untuk instrumen SCS. Setelah direvisi berdasarkan saran ahli, instrumen tes diujicobakan pada 33 siswa (20 perempuan, 13 laki-laki) berusia 17-18 tahun. Hasil uji coba dianalisis menggunakan Model Rasch untuk memperoleh kecocokan butir (validitas), reliabilitas, daya pembeda, dan tingkat kesukaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 19 dari 21 butir instrumen tes SPS dan 14 dari 15 butir instrumen tes SCS memiliki validitas item. Selain itu, reliabilitas butir soal instrumen tes SPS dan SCS berturut-turut adalah 0,79 dan 0,91. Sedangkan, reliabilitas responden sebesar 0,82 (SPS) dan 0,91 (SCS). Oleh karena itu, tes SP-CS ini valid dan reliabel sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengukur keterampilan proses ilmiah dan keterampilan kreatif ilmiah siswa dalam penelitian selanjutnya.How To Cite: Athiyyah, R., Feranie, S., Ramalis, T.R. (2022). Development of Scientific Process-Creative Skills (SP-CS) Test on Light Wave Concept: Rasch Model Analysis. EDUSAINS, 14 (2) : 111-125
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Duong, H. Q., T. T. H. Nguyen, T. T. T. Phung, et al. "Effect of hydrolysis of sweet potato starch by pullulanase enzyme on the formation of slowly digestible starch." Food Research 8, no. 1 (2024): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.8(1).378.
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The benefits of slowly digestible starch (SDS) are a slow or moderate increase in postprandial blood glucose levels and the maintenance of steady blood glucose levels. These created good conditions for diabetes control, satiety-hunger, physical and mental performance. Therefore, products related to slow digestion have attracted many researchers in recent years. In this research, technological factors affecting the formation of SDS from sweet potato starch (SPS) by the branching enzyme pullulanase were studied. These factors included SPS concentration, pullulanase enzyme concentration, pH, temperature, and hydrolysis time of pullulanase enzyme. The results showed that the maximum SDS yield was obtained by debranching for 5 hrs with an enzyme concentration of 20 ASPU/g, reaction temperature of 55°C, pH of 5.0, and a SPS concentration of 10% (w/w). In these conditions, the SDS content of SPS reached 28.04%. The findings indicated that sweet potato starch can be used as a raw material at a low cost and is feasible in the production of SDS which provides benefits for human health.
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Cleymans, Jean, Helmut Oeschler, and Krzysztof Redlich. "Particle ratios at SPS, AGS and SIS." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 25, no. 2 (1999): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/25/2/016.
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Ollitrault, Jean-Yves. "Flow systematics from SIS to SPS energies." Nuclear Physics A 638, no. 1-2 (1998): 195c—206c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(98)00413-8.
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Kaszyca, Kamil, Marcin Chmielewski, Bartosz Bucholc, et al. "Using the Spark Plasma Sintering System for Fabrication of Advanced Semiconductor Materials." Materials 17, no. 6 (2024): 1422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17061422.
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The interest in the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique has continuously increased over the last few years. This article shows the possibility of the development of an SPS device used for material processing and synthesis in both scientific and industrial applications and aims to present manufacturing methods and the versatility of an SPS device, presenting examples of processing Arc-Melted- (half-Heusler, cobalt triantimonide) and Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS)-synthesized semiconductor (bismuth telluride) materials. The SPS system functionality development is presented, the purpose of which was to broaden the knowledge of the nature of SPS processes. This approach enabled the precise design of material sintering processes and also contributed to increasing the repeatability and accuracy of sintering conditions.
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Mei, Linlu, Vladimir Rozanov, Christine Pohl, Marco Vountas, and John P. Burrows. "The retrieval of snow properties from SLSTR Sentinel-3 – Part 1: Method description and sensitivity study." Cryosphere 15, no. 6 (2021): 2757–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2757-2021.
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Abstract. The eXtensible Bremen Aerosol/cloud and surfacE parameters Retrieval (XBAER) algorithm has been designed for the top-of-atmosphere reflectance measured by the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) instrument on board Sentinel-3 to derive snow properties: snow grain size (SGS), snow particle shape (SPS) and specific surface area (SSA) under cloud-free conditions. This is the first part of the paper, to describe the retrieval method and the sensitivity study. Nine pre-defined SPSs (aggregate of 8 columns, droxtal, hollow bullet rosette, hollow column, plate, aggregate of 5 plates, aggregate of 10 plates, solid bullet rosette, column) are used to describe the snow optical properties. The optimal SGS and SPS are estimated iteratively utilizing a look-up-table (LUT) approach. The SSA is then calculated using another pre-calculated LUT for the retrieved SGS and SPS. The optical properties (e.g., phase function) of the ice crystals can reproduce the wavelength-dependent and angular-dependent snow reflectance features, compared to laboratory measurements. A comprehensive study to understand the impact of aerosols, SPS, ice crystal surface roughness, cloud contamination, instrument spectral response function, the snow habit mixture model and snow vertical inhomogeneity in the retrieval accuracy of snow properties has been performed based on SCIATRAN radiative transfer simulations. The main findings are (1) snow angular and spectral reflectance features can be described by the predefined ice crystal properties only when both SGS and SPS can be optimally and iteratively obtained; (2) the impact of ice crystal surface roughness on the retrieval results is minor; (3) SGS and SSA show an inverse linear relationship; (4) the retrieval of SSA assuming a non-convex particle shape, compared to a convex particle shape (e.g., sphere), shows larger retrieval results; (5) aerosol/cloud contamination due to unperfected atmospheric correction and cloud screening introduces underestimation of SGS, “inaccurate” SPS and overestimation of SSA; (6) the impact of the instrument spectral response function introduces an overestimation into retrieved SGS, introduces an underestimation into retrieved SSA and has no impact on retrieved SPS; and (7) the investigation, by taking an ice crystal particle size distribution and habit mixture into account, reveals that XBAER-retrieved SGS agrees better with the mean size, rather than with the mode size, for a given particle size distribution.
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Santoso, Eka Andini, and Suyono Suyono. "Development of Structured Assignment Sheet in Reaction Rates Material To Train Science Process Skills." Chemistry Education Practice 4, no. 2 (2021): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/cep.v4i2.2312.
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This study has an objective to specify the feasibility of a Structured Assignment Sheet to train studentsââ¬â¢ Science Process Skills (SAS-SPS) on reaction rates material. The development research applies Research and Development (R&D) method. This research is limited to the development phase, namely in limited trials. The limited trial was conducted on 15 students of XI grade from SMAN 1 Arosbaya, SMAN 1 Kamal, and SMAN 2 Bangkalan who had received reaction rates material. This research was held in December 2020. The research instruments used contain a study sheet, a validation sheet, a student response questionnaire, and science process skills test sheet. The feasibility of the SAS-SPS is viewed from three aspects, namely validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The validatorââ¬â¢s assessment based on the content and construct validity represent the percentage of 93,3% and 91,4% with very valid criteria. Student response shows that the SAS-SPS is very practical with a percentage of 100%. The effectiveness of obtaining an N-gain score of 0,76 with a high category. This shows that the SAS-SPS developed is feasible and suitable for use in the learning process.
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Tao, Jianyun, Xuelian Bai, Mingyuan Zeng, et al. "Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis of an Endophytic Fungus Alternaria sp. SPS-2 and Its Biosynthetic Potential of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites." Microorganisms 10, no. 9 (2022): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091789.
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As one of the commonly isolated endophytic fungi, Alternaria has been known for the production of numerous secondary metabolites (SMs). However, its detailed genomic features and SM biosynthetic potential have not been extensively studied thus far. The present work focuses on the whole-genome sequencing and assembly of an endophytic strain Alternaria sp. SPS-2 derived from Echrysantha chrysantha Lindl. and gene annotation using various bioinformatic tools. The results of this study suggested that the genome of strain SPS-2 was 33.4 Mb in size with a GC content of 51% and an N50 scaffold of 2.6 Mb, and 9789 protein-coding genes, including 644 CAZyme-encoding genes, were discovered in strain SPS-2 through KEGG enrichment analysis. The antiSMASH results indicated that strain SPS-2 harbored 22 SM biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), 14 of which are cryptic and unknown. LS–MS/MS and GNPS-based analyses suggested that this endophytic fungus is a potential producer of bioactive SMs and merits further exploration and development.
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Monika, Brunclikova, Ivankova Jela, Skerenova Maria, et al. "Association of Genetic Variability in Selected Genes with Platelet Hyperaggregability and Arterial Thrombosis." Acta Medica Martiniana 22, no. 1 (2022): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acm-2022-0005.
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Abstract Introduction: Inherited platelet hyperaggregability, so called “Sticky platelet syndrome” (SPS), is a prothrombotic platelet disorder. The syndrome contributes more often to arterial than venous thrombosis. The most common localization of arterial occlusion involves cerebral or coronary arteries. However, SPS may also lead to thrombosis in the atypical sites of the circulation. This qualitative platelet alteration causes platelet hyperaggregability after a very low concentration of platelet inducers – adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and/or epinephrine (EPI). The precise genetic background of the syndrome has not been defined. In the present study we aimed to determine the association between selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within genes for platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1) and murine retrovirus integration site 1 (MRVI1) and the risk for arterial thrombosis in patients with SPS. The products of these selected genes play an important role in platelet aggregation. Patients and methods: We examined 69 patients with SPS and a history of arterial thrombosis and 69 healthy blood donors who served as controls. SPS was confirmed by a light transmission aggregometry (LTA) according to the method and criteria described by Mammen and Bick. We assessed two SNPs within PEAR1 gene (rs12041331, rs1256888) and two SNPs within MRVI1 gene (rs1874445, rs7940646). Results: Selected PEAR1 and MRVI1 polymorphisms seem not to be a risk factor for the development of SPS as the syndrome with an arterial thrombosis phenotype. However, in the subgroup of SPS1 patients there was found a decreased frequency of the minor A allele of SNP rs12041331 in PEAR1 gene (borderline p value, p=0.061) that can be hypothesized as protective against arterial thrombosis. In the same SPS1 subgroup the haplotype TA in PEAR1 gene also showed a decreased frequency with a borderline insignificance (p=0.056). We can theorize also about its protective role in SPS1 patients. We did not confirm the protective effect of polymorphism (T/T of rs 12566888) in PEAR1 against arterial thrombosis in SPS patients and SPS subgroups. Conclusion: Our results support the idea that examined genetic variability of the selected SNPs in PEAR1 and MRVI1 genes is not associated with platelet hyperaggregability manifested as arterial thrombosis. The possible protective role of the minor A allele of SNP rs12041331 as well as a role of haplotype TA in PEAR1 gene related to the arterial thrombosis found in the subgroup of SPS1 patients needs to be verified in further research.
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TSUCHIDA, T. "MA-SHS and SPS of ZrB2?ZrC composites." Solid State Ionics 172, no. 1-4 (2004): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2004.05.020.
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Dine, Sarah, Elodie Bernard, Nathalie Herlin Boime, Christian Grisolia, David Tingaud, and Dominique Vrel. "SHS Synthesis and SPS Densification of Nanometric Tungsten." Advanced Engineering Materials 20, no. 8 (2018): 1701138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201701138.
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Bickers, David R., and Hans F. Merck. "SPS Editorial." Skin Pharmacology and Physiology 9, no. 1 (1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000211383.
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Ruppe, Harry O. "SPS revisited." Acta Astronautica 25, no. 10 (1991): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765(91)90013-u.
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Hunaepi, Hunaepi, Muhammad Ikhsan, Hadi Suwono, and Sulisetijono Sulisetijono. "Contribution of Epistemic Curiosity and its Relevance to Science Process Skills on Biology Prospective Teacher." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 7, SpecialIssue (2021): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v7ispecialissue.1070.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of epistemic curiosity (EC) to the science process skills (SPS) of prospective biology teachers. Ex post facto research design with research subjects 32 students of the third-semester biology education study program at the Mandalika University of Education. Samples were taken using the purposive sampling method. The instruments used were the State Curiosity Scale (SCS) to collect epistemic curiosity data, Student Worksheets, and the Science Process Skills rubric to collect SPS. The results showed that the magnitude of the correlation value or R relationship was 0.600. From the output, the coefficient of determination (R Square) was 0.359, this shows that EC is correlated with SPS. Meanwhile, in terms of the results of simple regression analysis, it was found that the variable X (EC) obtained the value of t-count = 4.103 > 1.697 t-table and sig. = 0.000 < 5%. This means that the EC variable contributes significantly to the SPS variable. The results obtained have not been able to describe the contribution of EC to each SPS indicator, so further research needs to analyze the contribution of EC to each SPS indicator
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Zheng, Yujie, Meiyan Li, and Jiakun Liu. "A Two-Sided Stable Matching Model of Cloud Manufacturing Tasks and Services considering the Nonlinear Relationship between Satisfaction and Expectations." Complexity 2021 (October 7, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6735210.
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To improve the satisfaction of both service demanders (SDs) and service providers (SPs) in the matching of cloud manufacturing (CMfg) tasks and services, a two-sided stable matching model of CMfg tasks and service considering the nonlinear relationship between satisfaction and expectations is proposed. As the expectations of SDs and SPs are difficult to be quantified directly, an evaluation method based on interval-valued hesitant fuzzy linguistic sets (IVHFLSs) is first presented. Next, a nonlinear model of satisfaction and expectations is built to quantify the satisfaction, which achieves accurate quantification of satisfaction. Then, a two-sided stable matching model of CMfg tasks and service is built, which takes the satisfaction of SDs and SPs as the optimization goals and considers the individual rationalities and blocking pairs. Finally, an adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) is designed to solve the proposed two-sided matching model. A practical application and comparison analysis is used to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the research.
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Kurniahtunnisa, Brian Ricard Wola, Fransiska Harahap, Widya Anjelia Tumewu, and Zusje Wiesje Merry Warouw. "Research trends of science process skills in Indonesian science education journals." Journal of Turkish Science Education 21, no. 4 (2024): 668–87. https://doi.org/10.36681/tused.2024.036.
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Science process skills (SPS) are considered essential for scientific and technological eras nowadays. This study aims to provide information on how SPS in Indonesia have been researched from 2016 to 2022, including the number of studies conducted, research designs used, frequently addressed science topics, interventions, assessment instruments used, and data analysis techniques applied. We applied content analysis across numerous science education journals authored in Indonesia over 7 years. The analysed articles were filtered from 14 Indonesian science education journals selected from the SINTA database with SINTA 1-6 index ratings. Articles were searched using keywords such as "Science Process Skills and Science Education" and the selection resulted in the review of 86 articles. This up-to-date research has revealed a fluctuation in the number of articles mainly focused on SPS from year to year. Among those articles, quantitative research was the researchers' most popular method for examining SPS. 8th grade Junior High School (JHS) and 10th grade Senior High School (SHS) pupils were frequently chosen as study participants. The most frequently selected topic for the study of SPS were physics (38%), biology (33%), chemistry (9%), and unidentified topics (20%). Inquiry-based learning was the most common research focus, with test sheets and t-tests being the most frequently utilised for analysing data. This SPS review research is important to provide results to identify future areas of research and promote the development of SPS in science education. Several suggestions for future studies on SPS have been made based on the study's outcomes.
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Iott, Matthew J. "Primary and secondary endpoint analysis of N08C9 (Alliance): A phase III randomized study of sulfasalazine versus placebo in the prevention of acute radiation enteritis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 3_suppl (2015): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.562.
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562 Background: An interim futility analysis at ASTRO 2013 led to early closure of N08C9 (Alliance), a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing sulfasalazine (SSZ) versus placebo (PBO) in the prevention of radiation enteritis during pelvic RT. This is the full analysis of the primary endpoint (PE) and secondary endpoints (SEs) of the trial. Methods: A multi-institutional RCT conducted by the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology assessed the effect of 1000 mg SSZ b.i.d. versus PBO b.i.d. in the treatment of pelvic RT related enteritis. Study participants (SPs) received the study agents during RT and for 4 weeks afterwards. The PEwas the maximal severity of diarrhea toxicity (CTCAE version 4.0) during and up to 6 weeks after RT. SEs, including the maximum severity of diarrhea (MSD) and the duration of MSD, rectal bleeding, abdominal cramping, tenesmus, and constipation, were graded weekly during RT by a health care provider. Bowel function was assessed using a self-administered bowel function questionnaire weekly during RT, afterwards at 6 weeks, and at 12 and 24 months. A two-sided 0.05-level Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to test the equality of the distributions of MSD grades. The planned study size was 128 SPs. Results: 87 SPs were enrolled in the study between 4/29/2011 and 5/13/2013, with evenly distributed baseline factors. Toxicity data were available in 84 SPs during RT and in 54 SPs in the 6 weeks following RT. There was no significant difference in the distribution of MSD grades between the SSZ and PBO arms (p=0.41 regardless of attribution; p=0.09 at least possibly attributed to the study agent). No significant differences were observed in SEs during RT and after RT, except the abdominal pain occurring after completion of RT was higher in SPs receiving SSZ (p=0.02). More SPs required antidiarrheal agents on the SSZ arm (49% vs. 29%, p=0.06). Conclusions: Despite prior single institution RCT’s suggesting a benefit for SSZ (Kilic 2001; Pal 2013) in this clinical context, the results of this large, multi-institutional trial demonstrate that SSZ does not reduce the risk of enteritis and may worsen acute GI toxicity during pelvic RT. Clinical trial information: NCT01198145.
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Weinberger, R., O. Weisman, Y. Guri, T. Harel, A. Weizman, and D. Gothelf. "The interaction between neurocognitive functioning, subthreshold psychotic symptoms and pharmacotherapy in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A longitudinal comparative study." European Psychiatry 48, no. 1 (2018): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.10.010.
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AbstractBackgroundThe 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common genetic syndrome associated with schizophrenia. The goal of this study was to evaluate longitudinally the interaction between neurocognitive functioning, the presence of subthreshold psychotic symptoms (SPS) and conversion to psychosis in individuals with 22q11DS. In addition, we attempted to identify the specific neurocognitive domains that predict the longitudinal evolution of positive and negative SPS, as well as the effect of psychiatric medications on 22q11DS psychiatric and cognitive developmental trajectories.MethodsForty-four participants with 22q11DS, 19 with Williams syndrome (WS) and 30 typically developing (TD) controls, age range 12–35 years, were assessed at two time points (15.2 ± 2.1 months apart). Evaluation included the Structured Interview for Prodromal Symptoms (SIPS), structured psychiatric evaluation and the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (CNB).Results22q11DS individuals with SPS had a yearly conversion rate to psychotic disorders of 8.8%, compared to none in both WS and TD controls. Baseline levels of negative SPS were associated with global neurocognitive performance (GNP), executive function and social cognition deficits, in individuals with 22q11DS, but not in WS. Deficits in GNP predicted negative SPS in 22q11DS and the emergence or persistence of negative SPS. 22q11DS individuals treated with psychiatric medications showed significant improvement in GNP score between baseline and follow-up assessments, an improvement that was not seen in untreated 22q11DS.ConclusionsOur results highlight the time-dependent interplay among positive and negative SPS symptoms, neurocognition and pharmacotherapy in the prediction of the evolution of psychosis in 22q11DS.
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Sokol, Juraj, Maria Skerenova, Jela Ivankova, Tomas Simurda, and Jan Stasko. "Association of Genetic Variability in Selected Genes in Patients With Deep Vein Thrombosis and Platelet Hyperaggregability." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 24, no. 7 (2018): 1027–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029618779136.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability of the selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and examine the association between these SNPs and risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with sticky platelet syndrome (SPS). We examined 84 patients with SPS and history of DVT and 101 healthy individuals. We were interested in 2 SNPs within platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1) gene (rs12041331 and rs12566888), 2 SNPs within mkurine retrovirus integration site 1 gene (rs7940646 and rs1874445), 1 SNP within Janus kinase 2 gene (rs2230722), 1 SNP within FCER1G gene (rs3557), 1 SNP within pro-platelet basic protein (rs442155), 4 SNPs within alpha2A adrenergic receptor 2A (ADRA2A; rs1800545, rs4311994, rs11195419, and rs553668), and 1 SNP within sonic hedgehog gene (rs2363910). We identified 2 protective SNPs within PEAR1 gene and 1 risk SNP within ADRA2A gene (PEAR1: rs12041331 and rs12566888; ADRA2A: rs1800545). A haplotype analysis of 4 SNPs within ADRA2A gene identified a risk haplotype aagc ( P = .003). Moreover, we identified 1 protective haplotype within PEAR1 gene (AT, P = .004). Our results support the idea that genetic variability of PEAR1 and ADRA2A genes is associated with platelet hyperaggregability manifested as venous thromboembolism. The study also suggests a possible polygenic type of SPS heredity.
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Alam, Sana, Shehnila Zardari, and Jawwad Ahmed Shamsi. "Blockchain-Based Trust and Reputation Management in SIoT." Electronics 11, no. 23 (2022): 3871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233871.
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In the Social Internet of Things (SIoT), trust refers to the decision-making process used by the trustor (Service Requesters (SRs) or Service Consumers (SCs)) to decide whether or not to entrust the trustee (Service Providers (SPs)) with specific services. Trust is the key factor in SIoT domain. The designing of a two-way, two-stage parameterized feedback-based, service-driven, attacks-resistant trust and reputation system for SIoT accompanied by a penalty mechanism for dishonest SPs and SRs is our main contribution that mitigates the trust-related issues occurring during service provisioning and service acquisition amongst various entities (SPs or SRs) and enhances trust amongst them. Our proposed methodology examines a SP’s local trust, global trust, and reputation by taking into account “Social Trust” and “Quality of Service (QoS)” factors”. Two—Stage Parameterized feedback” is incorporated in our proposed strategy to better manage “intention” and “ability” of SRs and provides early identification of suspicious SRs. This feature compels SRs to act honestly and rate the corresponding SPs in a more accurate way. Our recommended paradigm sorts SPs into three SP status lists (White List, Grey List, and Black List) based on reputation values where each list has a threshold with respect to the maximum service fee that can be charged. SPs in White List charge the most per service. SPs in other lists have a lower selection probability. Every feedback updates the SP’s trust and reputation value. Sorting SPs increases resistance against On Off Attack, Discriminatory Attack, Opportunistic Service Attack, and Selective Behavior Attacks. SPs must operate honestly and offer the complete scope of stated services since their reputation value relies on all their global trust values (Tglobal) for various services. Service requests may be accepted or denied by SPs. “Temporarily banned” SRs can only request unblocked services. SRs lose all privileges once on a “permanently banned” list. If local and global trust values differ by more than the threshold, the SR is banned. Our method also provides resistance against Bad Mouthing Attack, Ballot Stuffing Attack. Good Mouthing Attack/Self—Propagating Attack. Experiments indicate our trust and reputation management system recognizes and bans fraudulent SRs. “Dishonest SPs” are “blacklisted,” which affects their reputation, trust, and service charges.
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Minas, Maria. "Can we count on each other? An inquiry about Portuguese citizens’ individual and relational dispositions." Análise Psicológica 38, no. 1 (2020): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14417/ap.1675.
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Todos os seres humanos têm a capacidade de contribuir para o bem-estar coletivo. Este artigo apresenta um estudo quantitativo que envolveu a análise das respostas de 1187 cidadãos portugueses a um questionário online, com o objetivo de analisar a sua satisfação com a vida (SLS), sentido de comunidade (BSCS), apoio social percebido (SPS), comparação social (SCS), competição (SAIS), vergonha externa (OASS) e desejo de contribuir (WCS), tendo em conta a influência de fatores sociodemográficos como o sexo e a situação económica. Através da criação de grupos, cruzando os valores respeitantes à Competição e aos Recursos, os valores mais altos nas variáveis globais de SLP, SPS, BSCS e os valores mais baixos nas variáveis globais de OASS concentraram-se predominantemente no grupo alta competição, baixos recursos. Relativamente à escala WCS, os valores mais baixos concentraram-se nos grupos de alta competição e os valores mais altos nos grupos de baixa competição. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os grupos na variável global SCS. Estes resultados sugerem que o foco em valores coletivos de confiança mútua estão associados a uma maior satisfação, apoio social e desejo de contribuir, envolvendo uma menor necessidade para competir e assumir posturas de defensividade.
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Eremeeva, Zhanna V., Saeed Kamali, Artem I. Lizunov, and Vasiliy A. Ovchinnikov. "Production of Nanostructured Boron Carbide Ceramics for Industrial Applications." Key Engineering Materials 910 (February 15, 2022): 1075–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-dd4bb5.
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The optimal modes (temperature, time, pressure force) of spark plasma sintering (SPS) and hot pressing of boron carbide obtained by various methods are determined. The initial powders were obtained from soot and amorphous boron by the mechanochemical synthesis method, by the high-temperature synthesis (SHS) method and by the carbon reduction method. The structure and the properties of SPS sintered and hot-pressed boron carbide blanks were determined. The highest value of the relative density was achieved during SPS sintering of blanks from B4C powders obtained by mechanosynthesis and SHS methods. It was found out the optimal conditions for sintering blanks from B4C powder obtained by mechanosynthesis. The density value reaches 99.0 rel.% at 1500 °C/25 MPa and sintering time of 45 min. For powders obtained by the SHS method, the density of sintered blanks is 98.5 rel.%. at 1800 °C/30 MPa with sintering time of 45 min. The highest value of the relative density was achieved during the hot pressing of blanks from B4C powders obtained by mechanosynthesis.
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Rogachev, A. S., S. G. Vadchenko, G. V. Trusov, and Yu B. Scheck. "Combined Use of SHS and SPS: Important Mechanistic Details." International Journal of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis 30, no. 1 (2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1061386221010106.
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Herrmann, N. "Hadronic probes in nuclear collisions from SIS to SPS." Nuclear Physics A 685, no. 1-4 (2001): 354–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(01)00553-x.
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Sokol, Juraj, Maria Skerenova, Kamil Biringer, Tomas Simurda, Peter Kubisz, and Jan Stasko. "Glycoprotein VI Gene Variants Affect Pregnancy Loss in Patients With Platelet Hyperaggregability." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 24, no. 9_suppl (2018): 202S—208S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029618802358.
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The aim of our study was to evaluate GP6 gene in patients with sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) and fetal loss. Platelet aggregability was tested with platelet-rich plasma using PACKS-4 aggregometer (Helena Laboratories). High-resolution melting analysis on LightCycler 480 II (Roche Diagnostics) was used for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping. We examined 64 patients with SPS and 54 control participants. We found significantly higher occurrence of 5 SNPs in patients with SPS versus controls (rs1671152, rs1654433, rs1613662, rs1654416, and rs2304167). Moreover, the haplotype analysis showed a significantly higher occurrence of 7 haplotypes in patients with SPS compared to controls (acgg and aagg in GP6_5reg haplotype; ccgt in GP6_3reg haplotype; gg and ta in GP6_REG haplotype; SKTH and PEAN in GP6_PEAN haplotype). Our results, especially higher occurrence of 4 nonsynonymous variants within the coding region, support the idea that GP6 polymorphisms are associated with the platelet hyperaggregability accompanied by fetal loss.
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Ocampo, Alaine, and Kelly Kennedy. "The Relationship of Collaboration and Job Satisfaction Between Speech-Language Pathologists and School Psychologists." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 4, no. 1 (2019): 188–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/pers-sig16-2018-0003.
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Purpose The professions of speech-language pathology and school psychology appear to be moving in similar directions in the 21st century. Legal mandates suggest the importance of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and school psychologists (SPs) adopting more of a collaborative role in the school setting as opposed to past roles resembling separate deliveries of service. Moreover, both professions are encouraged to address service provision in a more comprehensive manner to reach all students, regardless of special education eligibility. However, the changing roles of SLPs and SPs may result in higher workload demands and eventually lead to a decrease in job satisfaction. A collaborative model may alleviate their growing workloads and thus increase their job satisfaction. This study examined collaboration among SLPs with SPs and the relationship of collaboration to job satisfaction. Factors that increased the likelihood of the SLPs engaging in collaborative practices were also investigated. Data were collected from 363 SLPs through a web-based survey. Conclusions The results revealed a significant correlation between job satisfaction and collaboration. A multiple regression analysis identified attitude toward collaboration and perception of the other professional's competency level to be significant predictors of collaboration for the SLPs. The results add to the emerging body of research describing the influence of collaboration on job satisfaction and strengthen the notion that collaboration increases job satisfaction.
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Lay-Khim, Goh, and Yee Bit-Lian. "Simulated Patients’ Experience towards Simulated Patient-Based Simulation Session: A Qualitative Study." SciMedicine Journal 1, no. 2 (2019): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-3.
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Background: Simulated Patient (SP) is defined as a layperson that simulates to portray the role of a patient with health-related conditions. International Medical University (IMU) has been utilizing SP for more than 10 years, however, the SP's experience toward the SP-based simulation session yet to be explored, the aim of the study was to explore the SP's experience toward the SP-based simulation session. Methods: Total of 6 participants recruited for a focused group interview, with the inclusive criteria of participated at least an SP-based simulation session. The interviewer used a list of guide question to explore both the positive and negative experience of the SP-based simulation session. A combination of manual and computer software Program was used for data management and analysis. Manual transcribing and coding technique was used for data analysis, while Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) was used for data management and additional analysis. Results: Three main themes and eleven sub-themes have emerged. The first theme was Effective learning session, with the sub-themes of Student learning attitude, Treated as real patient, Standardization among lecturer, Appropriate respond to student and Focused learning outcome; second theme was Motivation, with the sub-themes of Respect, Feedback, and Caring; the third theme was Preparation prior to class, with the sub-themes of Clear instruction, Role-play, and Script. Conclusions: SPs perceived that lecturers should pay attention to the students’ learning outcome and fully utilize SPs for teaching. Besides that, SPs wished to be treated as a real patient due to the lecturer who treated the SPs as they are real patient gave students a mind-set that the learners were actually dealing with a patient with real conditions. SPs supposed that another role of the lecturer was well-prepared the SPs prior to the actual sessions. SPs expressed that students who took the session seriously, well-preparation before the classes, active participation during the sessions and proactive attitude encouraged realistic portrayal of the character. While SP role was memorizing a series of information needed for the scenario, prepare mentally for portrayal certain emotional as well as physical symptoms. Lecturer, SP as well as student influence a successful SP-based simulation session.
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Pschichholz, Peter. "Alternative zur SPS." Konstruktion 72, no. 04 (2020): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0720-5953-2020-04-18.
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Speicherprogrammierbare Steuerungen sind gewissermaßen die Gehirne der modernen Fabrik. Doch nicht alle Aufgaben erfordern eine vollwertige SPS. Mit seinem Multifunktionscontroller hat Hesch daher einen flexiblen Regler entwickelt, der eine kostengünstige Alternative zur vollwertigen SPS darstellt, aber deutlich mehr bietet als ein Standardregler.
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Onori, Mauro, Lihui Wang, Xi Vincent Wang, and Wei Ji. "Editorial: SPS 2018." Procedia Manufacturing 25 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.06.049.
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Pillonetto, Gianluigi, Algo Carè, and Marco C. Campi. "Kernel-based SPS." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 15 (2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.09.086.
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Qiu, Xiang, Yanghui Ou, Shengjia Lu, et al. "Study of the Structure and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Different Parts of Stemona tuberosa Lour." Molecules 29, no. 6 (2024): 1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29061347.
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The polysaccharides from Stemona tuberosa Lour, a kind of plant used in Chinese herbal medicine, have various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the effects of the extraction methods and the activity of polysaccharides from different parts are still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different extraction methods on the yields, chemical compositions, and bioactivity of polysaccharides extracted from different parts of Stemona tuberosa Lour. Six polysaccharides were extracted from the leaves, roots, and stems of Stemona tuberosa Lour through the use of hot water (i.e., SPS-L1, SPS-R1, and SPS-S1) and an ultrasound-assisted method (i.e., SPS-L2, SPS-R2, and SPS-S2). The results showed that the physicochemical properties, structural properties, and biological activity of the polysaccharides varied with the extraction methods and parts. SPS-R1 and SPS-R2 had higher extraction yields and total sugar contents than those of the other SPSs (SPS-L1, SPS-L2, SPS-S1, and SPS-S2). SPS-L1 had favorable antioxidant activity and the ability to downregulate MUC5AC expression. An investigation of the anti-inflammatory properties showed that SPS-R1 and SPS-R2 had greater anti-inflammatory activities, while SPS-R2 demonstrated the strongest anti-inflammatory potential. The results of this study indicated that SPS-L1 and SPS-L2, which were extracted from non-medicinal parts, may serve as potent natural antioxidants, but further study is necessary to explore their potential applications in the treatment of diseases. The positive anti-inflammatory effects of SPS-R1 and SPS-R2 in the roots may be further exploited in drugs for the treatment of inflammation.
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Fibriani, Suwinda, Inyana Dwi Agustien, Widhi Dyah Sawitri, and Bambang Sugiharto. "TRANSFORMASI GENETIK DAN EKSPRESI MUTAN SUCROSE PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE PADA TANAMAN TOMAT." Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) 6, no. 1 (2019): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jbbi.v6i1.3341.
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Genetic Transformation and Expression of Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Mutant in Tomato Plant ABSTRACTSucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is a key enzyme responsible for sucrose biosynthesis. In its regulation, SPS activity is modulated by an allosteric effector glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) suggested to have an ability to bind SPS N-terminus domain. To understand the role of N-terminus in regulating SPS, the SPS gene was mutated with the deletion of N-terminus domain (∆N-SPS). The ∆N-SPS gen was transformed into tomato plants with 5% transformation efficiency. Three transgenic tomato plant 4.20, 5.5.1, and 5.10 were obtained and confirmed by PCR analysis. Transgenic tomato expression was characterized by enzymatic analysis. Result showed that the G6P allosteric regulation in transgenic ∆N-SPS had lost and the SPS activity increased by 2-fold compared to non-transgenic plant. This showed that N-terminus domain-deleted SPS could be actively expressed in plant. Keywords: enzyme, genetic transformation, N-terminus domain deletion, sucrose phosphate synthase, tomato ABSTRAKSucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) merupakan enzim kunci yang bertanggung jawab dalam sintesis sukrosa. Dalam regulasinya, aktifitas SPS dipengaruhi oleh alosterik efektor glukosa-6-fosfat (G6P) yang diduga dapat berikatan pada domain N-terminus SPS. Untuk mengetahui peran N-terminus pada regulasi SPS, dilakukan mutasi SPS dengan penghilangan domain N-terminus (∆N-SPS). Gen ∆N-SPS diinsersi pada tanaman tomat melalui transformasi genetik dengan efisiensi transformasi 5%. Tiga tanaman transgenik tomat (event4.20; 5.5.1; dan 5.10) didapatkan dan positif terkonfirmasi melalui analisis PCR. Ekspresi mutan dikarakterisasi melalui analisis enzimatik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tanaman tomat transgenik ∆N-SPS tidak dipengaruhi regulasi alosterik G6P dan aktifitas SPS 2 kali lipat lebih tinggi daripada tanaman bukan transgenik. Ini menunjukkan bahwa SPS dengan delesi domain N-terminus dapat terekspresi aktif pada tanaman. Kata Kunci: delesi domain N-terminus, enzim, sucrose phosphate synthase, tomat, transformasi genetik
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Wagner, Markus. "The Future of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Governance: SPS-Plus or SPS-Minus?" Journal of World Trade 51, Issue 3 (2017): 445–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2017018.
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Food safety plays an increasingly important role in today’s interdependent trading relations. The existing multilateral rules embodied in the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Measures are increasingly being supplemented by a series of bilateral and multilateral agreements. Unlike debates surrounding intellectual property rights, the negotiations concerning SPS rules in preferential trade agreements are rarely analysed in a systematic and detailed manner. The article uses the SPS Chapter negotiated for purposes of the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA) as a model for the future of SPS governance and compares it to the existing disciplines under the SPS Agreement. While the future of the TPPA in its current iteration may be in doubt, the US has clearly posited its SPS Chapter as a blueprint for future SPS governance. While the SPS Chapter contains some procedural advances in SPS governance, its substantive rules – or lack thereof – are not only at odds with the existing SPS regime; they exhibit a flawed understanding of scientific enquiry and how to deal with the uncertainty inherent therein.
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Orpana, Heather M., Justin J. Lang, and Kim Yurkowski. "Validation of a brief version of the Social Provisions Scale using Canadian national survey data." Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada 39, no. 12 (2019): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.39.12.02.
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Introduction The 10-item Social Provisions Scale (SPS-10) has been implemented to measure social support in a number of national surveys in Canada. The objective of this study was to reduce the SPS-10 to a brief, five-item scale (SPS-5), while maintaining adequate measurement properties. Methods Data from individuals aged 18 years and older who responded to the Social Provisions Scale module in the Canadian Community Health Survey 2012 Mental Health Focus cycle (CCHS 2012 MH) and the Canadian Community Health Survey 2017 Annual cycle (CCHS 2017) were analyzed. We used exploratory factor analysis and item-to-total correlations from the CCHS 2012 MH data to choose items. A correlation analysis between the SPS-5, SPS-10 and related positive mental health (PMH) constructs were used to assess the criterion-related validity of the SPS-5 compared to the SPS-10. A confirmatory factor analysis using data from the CCHS 2017 was conducted to confirm the factor structure of the SPS-5. Results The SPS-5 showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88) and similar correlations as the SPS-10 with related PMH constructs. The SPS-5 and SPS-10 were also very highly correlated (r = 0.97). The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that a single factor model of the SPS-5 fit the data well. The SPS-5 and SPS-10 yield similar estimates of high social support, of 92.7 and 91.5%, respectively. Conclusion The new SPS-5 demonstrated adequate measurement properties, and functioned in a similar manner to the SPS-10, supporting a reduced version of the Scale. The SPS-5 is a feasible and valid alternative to the SPS-10 that could be used to reduce respondent burden on national health surveys.
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Rurua, Lamara, Levan Khundadze, and Lili Nadaraia. "Sintering of TiB2-TiC-SiC Composite Materials by Combined SPS/SHS Method." Materials Science Forum 1067 (August 10, 2022): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-r40082.
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The work aimed to determine the influence of iron-nickel alloy on the SPS sintering process of the TiB2-TiC-SiC composite. Composite casts were prepared with and without the additive of iron-nickel alloy to lower the sintering temperature. Composites were obtained by different methods. Samples were sintered directly from compounds and by a combined method where synthesis and sintering were conducted at the same time during SPS. The structure and properties of the composites were studied and compared. The addition of iron-nickel alloy allows sintering composites at lower temperatures, in addition, it reduces the porosity of the composite as iron-nickel alloy grains are placed between the composite grains and fill the gaps between the matrix polycrystals. Attention to ceramic matrix composite of the TiB2-TiC-SiC type is since they are characterized by a high melting point, high toughness, and high corrosion resistance. Above mentioned matrix was obtained at the temperature-1550°C by the SPS method. The addition of the iron-nickel alloy lowered it to 1200°C.
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Lan, Jingfei. "The Literature Review of Sensory Processing Sensitivity." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 63, no. 1 (2024): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/63/20240956.
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Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a personal characteristic that significantly affects a series of individual behaviors, which makes SPS has long been widely concerned and studied by scholars. However, although scholars have carried out a lot of research on SPS, the existing research has not systematically and comprehensively sorted out and explored SPS, which is not conducive for scholars to have a comprehensive understanding of SPS. Based on this research status, firstly, this study teases out the existing SPS research, systematically introduces the concept of SPS, expounds its differences and connections with similar constructs, and discusses different measurement scales of SPS. Secondly, this study reviews the antecedents and consequences of SPS. Antecedents include innate factors and acquired environmental factors, while consequences are reviewed and sorted out from both positive and negative aspects. Finally, this study proposes directions for future research on SPS, thus providing ideas and directions for scholars to continue to explore SPS. This study aims to provide a comprehensive academic foundation for further exploration of SPS.
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Larsson, Anders O., Michael Hultström, Robert Frithiof, Miklos Lipcsey, and Mats B. Eriksson. "Shrunken Pore Syndrome Is Frequently Occurring in Severe COVID-19." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (2022): 15687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415687.
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A selective decrease in the renal filtration of larger molecules is attributed to the shrinkage of glomerular pores, a condition termed Shrunken Pore Syndrome (SPS). SPS is associated with poor long-term prognosis. We studied SPS as a risk marker in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 treated in an intensive care unit. SPS was defined as a ratio < 0.7 when the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), determined by cystatin C, calculated by the Cystatin C Caucasian-Asian-Pediatric-Adult equation (CAPA), was divided by the eGFR determined by creatinine, calculated by the revised Lund–Malmö creatinine equation (LMR). Clinical data were prospectively collected. In total, SPS was present in 86 (24%) of 352 patients with COVID-19 on ICU admission. Patients with SPS had a higher BMI, Simplified Physiology Score (SAPS3), and had diabetes and/or hypertension more frequently than patients without SPS. Ninety-nine patients in the total cohort were women, 50 of whom had SPS. In dexamethasone-naïve patients, C-reactive protein (CRP ), TNF-alpha, and interleukin-6 did not differ between SPS and non-SPS patients. Demographic factors (gender, BMI) and illness severity (SAPS3) were independent predictors of SPS. Age and dexamethasone treatment did not affect the frequency of SPS after adjustments for age, sex, BMI, and acute severity. SPS is frequent in severely ill COVID-19 patients. Female gender was associated with a higher proportion of SPS. Demographic factors and illness severity were independent predictors of SPS.
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Shrivas, Nikhil V., Abhishek K. Tiwari, Santosh Patil, and Dharmendra Tripathi. "Physiological loading-induced streaming potentials in osteogenesis imperfecta bone." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, June 15, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09544062231181805.
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Mechanical loading on bone generates streaming potentials (SPs) and streaming currents (SCs) in lacunar-canalicular fluid which act as stimuli to bone cells namely osteocytes. It is observed that both lacunar and vascular porosity significantly affect streaming potentials and thus the bone remodelling activities. Increased porosity levels associated with bone disorders such as especially osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and osteoporosis considerably reduce SPs which may further negatively affect bone’s mechanoregulation. This could also be a possible reason for reduced mechanosensitivity of OI and osteoporotic bones to exogenous mechanical stimulation. There is hardly any work in the literature which explored the physiological loading induced SPs and SCs in healthy versus OI bone. Accordingly, the present study attempts to address the two important questions: (i) how does physiological gait loading generate SPs and SCs in Healthy versus OI osteons? (ii) Can mechanical and electrical stimuli be effectively utilised to enhance SPs and SCs in OI bone? A transversely isotropic-poroelastic osteon model is developed to compute SPs and SCs in interstitial fluid flow in response to exogenous mechanical and electrical stimulations. The outcomes indicate that streaming potentials and current significantly decrease in OI bone, whereas, loading frequency and electrical field has potential to enhance SPs and SCs in OI bone. The present study concludes that physical exercises in presence of external electrical stimulation may potentially enhance SPs and SCs in interstitial bone fluid to improve remodelling activities OI bone for naturally strengthening.
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Vajda, Matej, Felix Krupa, Jan Busta, and Jaylene Pratt. "Test–retest reliability of four flatwater performance-related tests in canoe slalom athletes." Frontiers in Physiology 14 (November 1, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1277057.
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Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the test–retest reliability of four flatwater performance-related tests in canoe slalom athletes. Methods: Twenty-two Slovak national team members of junior and U23 age group racing in a category K1 men (K1M), K1 women (K1W) or C1 men (C1M) volunteered to take part in this study. During both test and retest testing sessions athletes performed 4 flatwater tests: SPS—Sprints with a turn to the preferred side (2 × 15 m shuttle sprints), SNPS—Sprints with a turn to the non-preferred side (2 × 15 m shuttle sprints), SBS—Sprints with turns to both sides (2 × 15 m shuttle sprints) as well as 12 × 15 AOT—12 × 15 m all out shuttle test (12 × 15 m shuttle sprints). Each athlete completed two sessions separated by a minimum of days and a maximum of 5 days. Results: The results have shown the excellent test-retest reliability of all four flatwater tests (ICC—SPS: 0.98; SPNPS 0.97; SBS: 0.98 and 12 × 15 m AOT: 0.96). Additionally, results have shown SEM (SPS: 0.14; SPNPS 0.18; SBS: 0.13 and 12 × 15 m AOT: 1.05) and SWC (SPS: 0.21; SPNPS 0.26; SBS: 0.19 and 12 × 15 m AOT: 1.58). Conclusion: Based on our results we suggest that coaches use these valid and reliable tests to assess changes in their athletes’ performance-related physical fitness over time, to verify the effectiveness of training programs focused on improvement in specific physical fitness of athletes as well as to identify asymmetries between the preferred and non-preferred side in canoe slalom athletes.
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Picornell-Buendía, Raquel, Arturo Pardo-Giménez, and José Arturo de Juan-Valero. "Agronomic assessment of spent substrates for mushroom cultivation." BASE, 2016, 363–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.13138.
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Description of the subject. In this work the agronomic viability of substrates based on spent Agaricus bisporus Imbach (Lange) substrates (SAS) and spent Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. substrates (SPS) is studied. Objectives. The aim of this work is the qualitative agronomic evaluation of SPS and SAS and the mixture of thereof in different proportions, such as lignocellulosic sources in new growing cycles of P. ostreatus. Method. In addition to the commercial substrate used as a control reference, six different treatments are considered. In this experiment, SPS and SAS were mixed in different amounts. SAS was subjected to a heat treatment in a growing room (“cook out”) and then to a maturation treatment which consisted of a controlled recomposting process in cameras. SPS was subjected to a pasteurizing heat treatment (60 °C – 65 °C, 8 h) and a progressive temperature decrease for at least 15 h to a “seeding” temperature (25 °C). Results. SPS (3,600 g) + SAS (2,400 g) and SPS (3,000 g) + SAS (3,000 g) were prepared substrates that achieved acceptable crude protein content in their fruiting bodies. Additionally, we obtained higher ash content, lightness, yellow-blue (y-b) and red-green (r-g) chromaticity, breaking strength (Bs), and compression energy (CE) in these mushrooms. These values were higher than the mean values, and even higher than the commercial substrate. Conclusions. Increased SAS participation in the mixture of the processed substrate (and the consequent reduction of SPS participation) resulted in mushrooms that require higher Bs, and CE. These formulation-based composts degraded by the growth of P. ostreatus, could be a low-cost substrate with selective and balanced nutrients for growth and development of oyster mushrooms.
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Trinh, Lanh, Zilong Hua, Kaustubh Bawane, et al. "Selective laser sintering and spark plasma sintering of (Zr,Nb,Ta,Ti,W)C compositionally complex carbide ceramics." Journal of the American Ceramic Society, July 23, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jace.20019.
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AbstractTwo advanced manufacturing processes, spark plasma sintering (SPS) and selective laser sintering (SLS), have been developed for synthesis of (Zr,Nb,Ta,Ti,W)C compositionally complex carbide (CCC) via reactive sintering of a powder mixture of constitute monocarbides. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the single‐phase CCC can be formed by both SPS and SLS. While a homogenous microstructure with uniform metal element distributions was developed during SPS, three‐layer microstructures with a thin TiC‐rich layer and two TaC‐rich layers along with a TiO2‐rich surface layer containing W nanoparticles were formed during SLS. In addition, cellular structures with W, Zr, and Ti element segregation and dislocations on cell boundaries were observed in the SLS‐CCC sample, indicating the effect of nonequilibrium conditions on microstructure formation during laser melting followed by rapid cooling and solidification process. Compared to the SPS‐CCC sample, the SLS‐CCC showed enhanced hardness and reduced thermal conductivity, which may be related to their unique cellular structures.