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1
Alili, Agron, and Dejan Krstev. "USING SPSS FOR RESEARCH AND DATA ANALYSIS." Knowledge International Journal 32, no. 3 (2019): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij3203363a.
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There is no question that business, education, and all fields of science have come to rely heavily on the computer. This dependence has become so great that it is no longer possible to understand social and health science research without substantial knowledge of statistics and without at least some rudimentary understanding of statistical software. The number and types of statistical software packages that are available continue to grow each year. In this paper we have chosen to work with SPSS, or the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. SPSS was chosen because of its popularity within both academic and business circles, making it the most widely used package of its type. SPSS is also a versatile package that allows many different types of analyses. transformations, and forms of output - in short, it will more than adequately serve our purposes. The SPSS software package is continually being updated and improved, and so with each major revision comes a new version of that package. In this paper, we will describe and use the most recent version of SPSS, called SPSS for Windows, in order to use this text for data analysis, your must have access to the SPSS for Windows software package.The capability of SPSS is truly astounding. The package enables you to obtain statistics ranging from simple descriptive numbers to complex analyses of multivariate matrices. You can plot the data in histograms, scatterplots, and other ways. You can combine files, split files, and sort files. You can modify existing variables and create new ones. In short, you can do just about anything you'd ever want with a set of data using this software package. A number of specific SPSS procedures are relevant to the kinds of statistical analyses covered in an introductory level statistics or research methods course typically found in the social and health sciences, natural sciences, or business. Yet, we will touch on just a fraction of the many things that SPSS can do. Our aim is to help то become familiar with SPSS, and we hope that this introduction will both reinforce our understanding of statistics and lead us to see what a powerful tool SPSS is, how it can actually help you better understand your data, how it can enable you to test hypotheses that were once too difficult to consider, and how it can save our incredible amounts of time as well as reduce the likelihood of making errors in data analyses. We show how to create a data file and generate an output file. We also discuss how to name and save the different types of files created in the three main SPSS windows. This paper will present a software presentation from a survey on socio-economic and environmental research.
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Fernando, John. "Computer and ICT Skills Level of Small-Scale Business Organization Employees: Basis for Company Intervention Program." Sprin Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (2024): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v3i3.228.
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An increasing number of businesses now rely on computer technology to complete tasks. For this reason, possessing computer skills has become increasingly crucial This study aimed to assess the computer and ICT skills of employees in small-scale business organizations. The researcher administered a survey questionnaire to a purposive sample of 28 employees from small-scale business organizations, and the quantitative data gathered was organized and processed using SPSS version 17.0. The explanatory design employed unstructured interviews with non-probability sampled respondents to collect qualitative data. Thematic analysis was used to establish themes arising from the qualitative responses. Findings revealed that employees in these organizations have a low level of competence in performing office tasks, such as basic computer operations, file management, word processing, database use, and network use. There are no significant differences in computer and ICT skill levels among employees in small-scale business organizations when grouped by educational attainment, length of service, and gender. Based on the interviewees' responses, common themes emerged, such as poor internet connectivity, an unreliable power supply, a lack of funds to purchase gadgets that can access the internet, a lack of knowledge and interest in learning, and a lack of time to attend a short program related to computers and ICT are the reasons for low levels of computer and ICT skills. Tutorials and self-study are common strategies employees use to accomplish assigned tasks in the office.
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Brentel, Inga, and Kristi Winters. "The Longitudinal IntermediaPlus (2014–2016): A Case Study in Structuring Unstructured Big Data." Research Data Journal for the Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24523666-06010001.
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Abstract This article details the novel structure developed to handle, harmonize and document big data for reuse and long-term preservation. ‘The Longitudinal IntermediaPlus (2014–2016)’ big data dataset is uniquely rich: it covers an array of German online media extendable to cross-media channels and user information. The metadata file for this dataset, and its documentation, were recently deposited as its own MySQL database called charmstana_sample_14-16.sql (https://data.gesis.org/sharing/#!Detail/10.7802/2030) (cs16) and is suitable for generating descriptive statistics. Analogous to the ‘Data View’ in spss, the charmstana_analysis (ca) contains the dataset’s numerical values. Both the cs16 and ca MySQL files are needed to conduct analysis on the full database. The research challenge was to process large-scaled datasets into one longitudinal, big-data data source suitable for academic research, and according to fair principles. The authors review four methodological recommendations that can serve as a framework for solving big-data structuring challenges, using the harmonization software CharmStats.
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Bamgbose, Augustine Adeoye. "Internet adoption in select Nigeria university libraries." Information Impact: Journal of Information and Knowledge Management 14, no. 2 (2024): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/iijikm.v14i2.2.
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The paper examined the Internet adoption in Nigerian university library with emphasis on the extent to which computer networks aid the use of the internet to obtain academic information within the university library. It also determined the extent at which students use the internet to obtain academic information within the university library and to determine the cost, labour and maintenance of Internet adoption in the university library. A descriptive survey design was employed and the convenience sampling method was employed to select 132 samples for analysis. The analytical tools employed are simple percentages, frequency counts, Pearson Correlation and regression analysis via the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings revealed that Local Area Network, Wide Area Network, Internet, Campus Area Network, and Networks were the existing computer networks available in selected Nigerian university libraries. The information services provided using internet include; digital library/ repositories, searching library data, searching scholarly content, file storage, building community power and library automation. The paper recommended that university libraries should be proactive. More academic research could only be achieved with effective internet adoption and integration into university libraries.
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Ba-Hattab, Raidan A., and Dieter Pahncke. "Shaping Ability of Superelastic and Controlled Memory Nickel-Titanium File Systems: An In Vitro Study." International Journal of Dentistry 2018 (September 10, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6050234.
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Improvements in the thermomechanical processing procedures of NiTi wires have led to the development of new NiTi instruments that compose mainly of martensite crystals, making the wire stable at clinical condition. This study aimed at comparing the shaping ability of two rotary nickel-titanium systems manufactured from different NiTi wires. Twenty simulated root canals each with a curvature of 35° in resin blocks were divided into two groups of 10 canals each. Canals in the first group were prepared with superelastic F360 instruments (Gebr. Brasseler, Germany) while canals in the second group were prepared using controlled memory HyFlex®CM™ instruments (Coltène Whaledent, Switzerland). Images were taken before canal preparation and after the use of each instrument. The assessment of the canal shapes was accomplished with a computer image analysis program. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS program. Within the limitation of this in vitro study, HyFlex®CM™ instruments remained better centered in the apical third of the canals. In most canal segments, no significant differences were observed between either system in the amount of material removed. Both systems were comparable to each other in regards to their ability to enlarge root canal in the same way without procedural errors.
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Kararia, Nitin, Vandana Kararia, Deepak Sharma, Shikha Gupta, Saurabh Chaturvedi, and Yogita Chaturvedi. "Comparative evaluation of the accuracy of two electronic apex locators in detecting simulated incomplete vertical root fractures: An in vitro stereomicroscopic study." Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics 27, no. 5 (2024): 540–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcde.jcde_132_24.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of two different electronic apex locators (EALs) in detecting simulated incomplete vertical root fractures (VRFs). Materials and Methods: Thirty freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 10 teeth each labeled as Groups A, B, and C. Incomplete VRFs were simulated in the coronal, middle, and apical one-third of the roots for Groups A, B, and C, respectively. The teeth were embedded in alginate mold and fracture location was determined with Root ZX and Propex EALs for each sample and each group. To calculate the actual length (AL), each sample was sectioned at the upper level of the vertical fracture, and the length was measured by setting the stopper of the #10 K file under a stereomicroscope at ×30 magnification. The electronic lengths and ALs were compared using computer software, and the results were analyzed using SPSS 28.0 at a 95% confidence level. Results: No significant differences were seen in the accuracy of the two EALs when compared with ALs. Root ZX showed significantly longer measurements than ALs in groups B and C. Conclusion: The tested EALs showed low accuracy (20%) in detecting simulated incomplete VRFs with a tendency for longer measurements compared to ALs.
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Al Taee, Enam Abdulmajeed, and Salwa Hazim Almukhtar. "Screening of the Risk Factors for Congenital Anomalies in Pregnant Women Attending Maternity and Obstetric Hospitals at Mosul City." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 9 (2021): 2667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211592667.
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To determine the possible risk factor leading to common congenital anomalies among fetuses and neonatal and assess possibly causes the lead to congenital anomalies A descriptive study (it was cross-sectional) was adopted to achieve the objectives of the current study for the period from October 16 to May 31, 2020. Data were collected from Nineveh Governorate. An objective sample of (120) women who gave birth to children with congenital anomalies in maternity wards was selected in this study. Data were prepared, organized, and entered a computer file; Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS, version 26). In a questionnaire for women in maternity wards in maternity hospitals in the city of Mosul, 120 women who gave birth to deformed children were monitored. Most of the risk factors were important in an association between congenital malformations and parental kinship, fever, and maternal nutrition. Malnutrition during pregnancy also shows an association between parental consanguinity and NTD. It was concluded from the available data that there is a significant association between congenital anomalies, parental consanguinity, maternal nutritional status, and high temperature during pregnancy. Support parents who have a deformed baby or are at risk of having a baby with a congenital problem, by doing basic checkups before and during pregnancy to make sure the pregnancy is healthy. Keywords: Risk Factor, Pregnant Woman, Congenital Anomalies.
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Bulut, Sefa, and Musa Yıldırım. "The problems of teacher candidates’ and their psychological sympthoms." Journal of Human Sciences 17, no. 2 (2020): 402–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i2.4313.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher candidates’ problems and psychological symptoms. The study also aimed at examining psychological symptoms in terms of problem area, gender and department variables. Participants consisted of 77 (63%) female and 44(36%) male sophomore students attending faculty of education. The sample composed of 55 (45%) guidance and psychological counseling students, 43 (35%) elementary school teacher students, and 23 (%19) computer and technology education students.
 Symptom Check List (SCL-90), demographic form and a short problem screening survey were used in data collection. Data were analaysized with SPSS 22 package program. The results revealed that, teacher candidates’ scores in SCL 90’s subscales changed between 1.56 (obsessive compulsive) and (psychoticism). Additionally, teacher candidates most frequently experienced anxiety about the upcoming KPSS exam and future anxiety. Finally, psychological symptoms did not changed according to the gender, problem area, and departments variables. The findings were disused with in light of current and previous literature.
 Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
 
 Özet
 Bu çalışmanın amacı öğretmen adaylarının problem alanlarını tespit etmek ve öğretmen adaylarının yaşadığı psikolojik belirtilerin problem alanı, cinsiyet ve bölüm değişkenine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini incelemektir. Katılımcıların 77(%63.6)’sini kadınlar 44(%36.4)’ünü erkekler oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem grubunun 55(%45.5)’i Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık Bölümünde, 43(%35.5)’ü Sınıf Öğretmenliği Bölümünde ve 23(%19)’ü Bilgisayar ve Öğrenim Teknolojileri Eğitimi Bölümünde öğrenim görmektedir. Araştırmada ölçeme aracı olarak Belirti Tarama Listesi(SCL-90) ve Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular şu şekildedir; öğretmen adaylarının Belirti Tarama Listesinin(SCL-90) alt boyutlarından aldığı puanlar 1,56(OKB) ile .79(Psikotizm) arasında değişmektedir. Bunun yanında öğretmen adaylarının yaşadığı problem alanlarından KPSS kaygısının ve gelecek kaygısının frekansları diğer alanların frekanslarından daha yüksektir. Son olarak psikolojik belirtilerin; cinsiyet, problem alanı ve bölüm değişkenine göre farklılık göstermediği görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular alan yazın ışığında tartışılmıştır.
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Ku, Jin-Hui. "Development of a Diagnostic Tool to Measure the ICT Literacy Competency of College Freshmen: A Focus on the Case of M University." Korean Association for Literacy 14, no. 6 (2023): 235–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37736/kjlr.2023.12.14.6.08.
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This study aims to develop a diagnostic tool to measure the information and communications technology (ICT) literacy capabilities of college freshmen. In the increasing dependence of ICT on teaching and learning, the diagnostic tool will help in operating software education for all freshmen, especially non-majors. To develop the diagnostic tool, ICT literacy competency diagnosis area and subattributes were defined through domestic and international literature study and empirical research. Moreover, diagnostic questions for the sub-attributes were developed. To validate the diagnostic tool, content validity was analyzed twice by experts, and a preliminary survey was conducted on freshmen from different departments. Through a preliminary survey, a diagnostic tool of ICT literacy competency was developed, comprising 30 questions. SPSS 24.0, R, and Excel 2016 programs were used to analyze the data. Additionally, differences in performances by department and area were analyzed for ICT literacy competency. Item analysis, percent correct, difficulty of percent correct, and item differentiation were also analyzed. Results show that average scores for information creation and information management capabilities for all freshmen by department, excluding natural science and engineering departments, were lower than those for other capabilities. This shows that they are not proficient in employing commonly used ICT tools and adept in general computer management tasks such as file compression and copying. Furthermore, art department students showed statistically significantly lower scores in all competencies than students of other departments. Therefore, different curriculum composition, programming language selection, and teaching and learning strategies are necessary when providing software education to all students. The ICT literacy competency diagnosis tool is essential to evaluate students’ performance levels and determine their actual proficiency in handling ICT.
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Saberi, Eshagh Ali, Narges Farhad Mollashahi, and Forugh Farahi. "Canal transportation caused by one single-file and two multiple-file rotary systems: A comparative study using cone-beam computed tomography." Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia 32, no. 2 (2019): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/j.gien.2018.3.
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Aim: This ex-vivo study aimed to compare canal transportation in mesio-buccal canal of mandibular first molars prepared with Mtwo and Revo-S multi-file and Neoniti single-file nickel[18TD$DIF]—titanium (Ni—Ti) rotary systems using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methodology: CBCTscans were obtained from 60 extracted mandibular first molars and the teeth were randomly divided into three groups. Mesio-buccal canal of mesial root was prepared with Revo-S, Neoniti or Mtwo rotary systems according to the instructions of the manufacturers. Postoperative CBCT scans were also obtained. A single operator performed canal preparations while another operator blinded to the group allocation of teeth did the measurements. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the amount of canal transportation were calculated and compared between the groups using the Friedman test ([19TD$DIF]P 0.05). Results: No significant difference was noted in canal transportation among the groups in the middle and apical third ([20TD$DIF]P > 0.05). The rotary single-file instrument caused significantly greater canal transportation in the coronal third. Conclusion: No significant difference exists among different rotary systems in the amount of canal transportation caused in the middle and apical third of the mesio-buccal canal in mandibular first molars. Although all rotary files caused some degrees of canal transportation, the rotary single-file instrument caused significantly greater canal transportation than the multiple-file sequences in the coronal third.
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Kibria, K. G., M. R. Alam, H. K. Paul, M. Fariduddin, and M. A. Hasanat. "Pattern of dyslipidemia in hypothyroid patients: A cross sectional study." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 6, no. 2 (2016): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v6i2.29133.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> An association between thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemia prevails. Levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides tend to increase as thyroid function declines.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To find out the pattern of dyslipidemia in hypothyroid patients. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Sixty cases were selected as a sample of convenience in this cross sectional study from in-patienl depa1tment of Medicine and Endocrinology, BSMMU. Meticulous history taking and thorough clinical examinations were done. Report of lipid profile and thyroid function tests were recorded from patients file. All the information's were recorded in a pre-designed sttuctured questionnaire. Collected data were classified, edited, coded and entered into the computer for statistical analysis by using SPSS. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Among the 60 cases, 43 (72%) were female; 17(28%) were male. Age range was 24-59 years with a mean age of 38.80 (± I 0.35) years. Majority 38(65%) were housewife, followed by service holder 11(18.33%), 08(13.3%) were business men and 02(3.3%) had other occupations. Majority 42(70%) patients were taking thyroxin. Mean Total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG) and HDL were 222.20(±42.25); 138.63(±31.51); 243.36(±83.13) and 37.30(±5.12) respectably. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> All hypothyroid subjects had dyslipidemia. The present study indicated that hypothyroidism was associated with an abnormal lipid profile, especially with respect to the levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride.</p>
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Dimitrova, Mariya, Angelina Vlahova, Raycho Raychev, Bozhana Chuchulska, and Rada Kazakova. "A 3D-simulation study of the deformation, tension, and stress of 3D-printed and conventional denture base materials after immersion in artificial saliva." Folia Medica 66, no. 1 (2024): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.66.e118377.
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Introduction: The worldwide application of digital technology has presented dentistry with transformative opportunities. The concept of digital dentures, incorporating computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) techniques, holds the promise of improved precision, customization, and overall patient satisfaction. However, the shift from traditional dentures to their digital counterparts should not be taken lightly, as the intricate interplay between oral physiology, patient comfort, and long-term durability requires thorough examination. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the dimensional changes of 3D printed (NextDent, 3D Systems, The Netherlands) and conventional heat-cured (Vertex BasiQ 20, 3D Systems, The Netherlands) denture base resin after immersion in artificial saliva for different periods (7, 14, and 30 days) and then applying 3D simulated deformation, tensional strength, and stress, using the ANSYS software (ANSYS Inc., Pennsylvania, USA). Materials and methods: For the manufacturing of the test specimens, an STL file was created, using the Free CAD Version 0.19 (Free CAD, Stuttgart, Germany). The dimensions of each specimen were 20 mm in width, 20 mm in length, and 3 mm in thickness. Two hundred experimental bodies were created and divided into two groups (n=100), with half fabricated using a 3D printer (NextDent 5100, NextDent, 3D Systems, The Netherlands) and the other half prepared using the traditional method of heat-curing polymerization in metal flasks. The test samples were then weighed using an analytical balance, immersed in artificial saliva for three periods (7, 14, and 30 days), and reweighed after water absorption. After desiccation at 37°C for 24 hours and then at 23±1°C for 1 hour, the samples were weighed again. Then the data were entered into the specialized program ANSYS and the 3D simulation tests for deformation, tension, and stress were performed. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 0.26 statistical software, which includes descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA analysis. Results: The findings weren’t statistically significant and indicated that the average metrics for the 3D-printed experimental test samples were marginally greater than those recorded for the conventional samples. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it is possible to conclude that 3D-printed resin has a lower capacity to withstand deformation, tension, and stress under simulated conditions than conventional dental resin. However, they do not exceed the values accepted by the ISO standard for clinical application of this type of material.
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Zafari, Nik Mohammad, M. Sharif Forqani, and Mir Ziaurahman Mehrabi. "MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY OF MEASLES FROM 21 MARCH 2021 TO 20 MARCH 2022 IN MIRWAIS REGIONAL HOSPITAL PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT KANDAHAR AFGHANISTAN." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 5, no. 1 (2022): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31069/japsr.v5i1.3.
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Background: Objectives: To study the demographic profile and mortality and morbidity of measles, as well as the outcome of the measles in children who were admitted to pediatric department of Mirwais regional Hospital, Kandahar Afghanistan from the 2021 to 2022. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Mirwais Regional hospital pediatric ward Kandahar Afghanistan The diagnosis of measles based on clinical features, The data of all the patients of measles who were from 1month to 15 years, and were admitted from measles in MRH in pediatric ward from 21 march 2021 to 20 March 2022, compiled and analyzed from the Medical Records of each case at Hospital. Information obtained from the medical record from each patient file and was coded and entered into computer software. After that, the data were analyzed with SPSS version 22. 0. Results: Total 16792 patients were admitted during the study period and among them 1865 were confirmed as measles. Average Rate of measles was found as 11.1% among hospitalized children. There were 1050 (56.30%) male patients and 815 (43.7%) female patients with a male female ratio of 1.28:1. Among the measles patients age of onset was <6 months in 38(2%), 6-12 months in 633(33.94%),13-60 months in 1028(55.12%) and 61-120 months 137(7.34%) and 29(1.55%) above in 120months .the majority of the measles children were in the age group between one year up to 5years old. Prevalence of measles during was 11.1 % in 2021 to 2022. Which has clearly high incidence in 2022 and with lower incidence of measles cases in 2021. case fatality among measles diagnosed children was 118(6.32%) in (2021 to 2022) which shows cleared increase in 2022. we also found in our study more cases were in spring and winter season N=(621-579),from (2021 to 2022).Conclusion: The prevalence and case fatality of measles was higher form one year to 5years of age. Although boys were more affected by measles than girls, Majority of measles cases developed in rural than urban areas in 2021.
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Errasti, Jose M., Héctor Rifá, and Vlcenç Quera. "Program for Recording and Analyzing Behavior (PRAB)." Psychological Reports 84, no. 1 (1999): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.84.1.191.
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A computer program for recording behavioral data that requires temporal continuity in one or two subjects is presented It runs on compatible PC and provides several behavioral measures for the recorded behaviors such as frequencies, percentages, durations, and sequences. The program can also save data files in both ASCII and SDIS formats for more complex analysis through the SPSS or GSEQ statistical programs.
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Biswas, Palash Kumar, Partha Sarathi Sarker, Md Monjurul Kader Chowdhury, et al. "Serum Amylase Level in Acute Organophosphorus Compound Poisoning in a Tertiary Level Hospital." Journal of Medicine 22, no. 2 (2021): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v22i2.56701.
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Background: Organophosphorus compound (OPC) poisoning is an important clinical problem in the developing world and kills an estimated 3,00,000 people every year. In spite of high case fatality rate early and proper management is crucial to save the lives and alleviate the sufferings. Amylase level is an important biochemical marker, which is closely related to severity of acute OPC poisoning. Therefore, to assess Serum amylase level in acute organophosphorus compound poisoning in a tertiary level hospital was the objective of the study. Methods: This research was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study and was conducted at the inpatient department of Medicine in Dhaka Medical College. 50 Patient admitted in medicine department due to OPC poisoning and evidenced by history taking and physical examination were included in the study. Ethical issues were ensured properly. After written informed consent history and physical examination were done. Rest of the data were collected by interviewing each patient or from attendant of the patient by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Scoring of the severity were done by researcher himself by Peradeniya Organophosphorus Poisoning (POP) scale (Score range 0 to 11). Values of amylase level were collected from patient record file. All the Data was analysed by computer with the help of SPSS 16. Results: Out of a total of 50 patients, 24 (48%) were males and 26 (52%) were females. OPC poisoning was most frequent (52%) in age group 21-30 years. Mean age was 23.96 ± 6.071 SD. 96% (48) study population were Muslim and rest 4 % (2) were Hindus with diverse occupation. 86% population came from rural area whereas only 14% population reside in urban area. Among them suicidal attempts were seen significantly which was 96% and rest of them were accidental ingestion. Amylase level estimation were done in each case and 32 % (16) patient had elevated amylase level (>100U/L) and 68% (34) patient had amylase level within normal limit. Mean amylase concentration was 62.2U/L (SD±18.77) and among the 16 patients who had elevated serum amylase level mean concentration was 376.56U/L (SD±266.124). Mean amylase level differed significantly between these two groups (p value < 0.0001) estimated by one way ANOVA. Spearman Correlation and One way ANOVA both showed significant association between severity (assessed by POP scale) and elevated level of serum amylase (p value <0.0001). Outcome analysis showed that 47 patients recovered and 3 patients died. Their mean hospital stay was 3.87 (±1.76) days and relationship between serum amylase level and duration of hospital stay and was found to be significant in chi-square analysis (p value- <0.0001). Conclusion: Hyperamylasaemia in OPC poisoning can be used an important biomarker to assess the severity of the patient which may guide the clinicians for further management. J MEDICINE 2021; 22: 119-126
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Göral, Kemal. "The importance of set-pieces in soccer: Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup analysis." Journal of Human Sciences 16, no. 3 (2019): 885–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v16i3.5758.
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Penalties, free-kicks (direct-indirect), throw-ins, corner kicks and goal kicks are known to be as set-pieces. In this study; examination of set-pieces’ effects on scoring goals were targeted and, in this context, the competitions of Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup were analyzed. As a part of this study, 64 competitions of Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup were analyzed depending on penalties and set-pieces (free-kicks, corner kicks and throw-ins etc.) ending with goals. “E-Analyze Soccer” computer program were used to analyze the set-piece organizations in the competitions at the tournament. The findings were registered and interpreted via SPSS (18.0) program upon calculations of frequencies and percentages. 21 (%12.43) of the all goals scored in this tournament were from penalties, 23 (%13.61) from free-kicks, 22 (%13.02) from corner kicks and 2 (%1.18) from throw-ins. Throughout the Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup, 169 goals were scored in total with an average of 2.64 goals per game and, 68 (%40.24) of all the goals were recorded as score following the set-pieces. In the tournament, 21 (%72.41) penalties out of 29 resulted with goals. A major part of the goals scored from corner kicks were completed via headings (%77.27) and rest with kicks (%22.73). A great amount of completing goal scoring kicks following corner kicks were recorded with right foot (%81.82) and the rest with left foot (%18.18). As a result, the goals scored after the set-pieces amongst the all goals scored during the World Cup are to be rather important to effect the game and to reserve a considerable place on the scoreboard. Thus, in order to achieve the success through the tournaments and to complete the competitions as aspired, the set-pieces’ effective use and, in defense, the countermeasures to exercise against the set-pieces of opponent teams emerges as a crucial matter. Hereby, it is momentously suggested to accommodate more tactical trainings about set-pieces during the trainings as it might most likely to contribute a lot to team performance.
 Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
 
 Özet
 Penaltılar, serbest vuruşlar (direkt-endirekt), taç atışları, köşe vuruşları ve kale vuruşları, futbolda duran toplar olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, futbolda duran topların, maçlarda atılan goller üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi ve bu kapsamda Rusya’da düzenlenen 2018 FIFA Dünya kupasındaki müsabakaların analiz edilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, 2018 FIFA Futbol Dünya kupasında oynanan 64 müsabakada, kullanılan penaltılar ile duran top sonrası golle sonuçlanan serbest vuruş, köşe vuruşu ve taç atışlarının analizi yapılmıştır. Turnuvada oynanan müsabakalarda, kullanılan duran top organizasyonlarını (penaltı, serbest vuruş, köşe vuruşları ve taç atışları) analiz etmek için bilgisayar ortamında “e-analyze soccer” futbol analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 18.0 programında kaydedilmiş, frekans ve yüzde değerleri hesaplandıktan sonra yorumlanmıştır. Turnuvada atılan gollerin %12.43’ü (21 gol) penaltıdan gelirken, %13.61’inin (23 gol) serbest vuruş, %13.02’sinin (22 gol) köşe vuruşu ve %1.18’inin de (2 gol) taç atışı sonrasında olmak üzere, maç başına 2,64 gol ortalaması ile 2018 FIFA Futbol Dünya kupasında atılan toplam 169 golün 68’inin (%40.24) duran toplar sonrasında gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. Turnuvada kullanılan 29 penaltının 21’inin (%72.41) golle sonuçlandığı, köşe vuruşu sonrası atılan gollerin %18.18’inin sol ayakla, %81.82’sinin sağ ayakla kullanılan köşe vuruşları sonrasında oluşurken, gollerin %77.27’si kafa vuruşu ile, %22.73’ü ise ayakla kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, dünya kupasında atılan goller içerisinde duran top organizasyonları sonrasında meydana gelen gollerin oldukça önemli bir yer tuttuğu görülmektedir. Takımların turnuvalarda başarılı olabilmesi ve müsabakalardan istenilen sonuçlarla ayrılabilmeleri açısından, duran topların etkili kullanımı ve kullanılan duran toplara karşı alınacak önlemler üzerine hazırlanmış taktiksel antrenmanlara çalışmalarda daha da fazla yer verilmesinin takım performansına oldukça önemli katkılar sağlayacağı söylenebilir.
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Ribelles, Alfredo, Carmen Galbis-Estrada, Maria A. Parras, Bárbara Vivar-Llopis, Carla Marco-Ramírez, and Manuel Diaz-Llopis. "Ocular Surface and Tear Film Changes in Older Women Working with Computers." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/467039.
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The aim of this work is to investigate changes in the ocular surface (OS) and tear film (TF) by means of questionnaire-based subjective symptoms, TF break-up time, Schirmer test, and TF analysis in women working with computers and to analyze the effects of the oral supplementation with antioxidants/omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) in the OS outcomes. Women aged 40–65 years (n=148) were recruited at the Administrative Offices of Valencia (Spain) and distributed into two age groups, 40–52 years (AGE1;n=87) and 53–65 years (AGE2;n=61), and then subdivided according to being (or not) computer users (CUG; NCUG) during the workday. Homogeneous subgroups were randomly assigned (or not) to the daily intake of three pills of A/ω3 for three months. At baseline and at the end of follow-up, personalized interviews and ocular examination were done. Reflex tear samples were collected from the inferior meniscus and processed for a multiplexed particle-based flow cytometry assay to measure proinflammatory molecules. Statistics were performed using the SPSS 15.0 program. The OS pathology was clinically evident in the AGE1-CUG (33%) versus the AGE2-CUG (64%) of women. Significantly higher interleukins-1βand -6 tear levels were found in the AGE1 versus the AGE2 women employees (P=0.006andP=0.001, resp.), as well as in the CUG versus the NCUG (P=0.001andP=0.000, resp.). Supplementation with A/ω3 positively influenced the OS pathology as manifested by the amelioration of the clinical signs/symptoms related to computer uses. Strategies involving a safe environment and oral micronutrient supplements may be managed within eye-care standards in older women.
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Fontanezi, Barbara S., Juliana D. Bronzato, Nelson T. Mohara, Adriana de-Jesus-Soares, and Marcos Frozoni. "Assessment of the root surface temperature during the use of intracanal agitation systems: In vitro study." Brazilian Dental Journal 34, no. 4 (2023): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305517.
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Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the temperature changes that the different methods of agitation of irrigants promote on the external dental root surface. Nine extracted human lower premolars were standardized by cone-beam computed tomography and used. The root canal was instrumented with a Reciproc 40.06 file. Temperature measurement was performed using K-type thermocouple sensors attached to the middle, cervical, and apical thirds of the teeth. The teeth had their roots immersed in distilled water at 37ºC, which were distributed into 3 experimental groups according to the mechanical agitation methods to be studied. US Group (n=3), Irrisonic Ultrasonic Tip activated through ultrasound; EC Group (n=3), Easyclean Tip coupled to a contra-angle low-speed handpiece; XP Group (n=3), XP-endo Finisher file coupled to an endodontic electrical motor. Temperature measurements were performed simultaneously with agitation and irrigation of intracanal irrigants. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software with a significance level of 5%. For multiple comparisons, the Tukey test was used. The association between mechanical agitation methods and root third was statistically significant. Regarding the temperatures recorded on the external surface of the roots, the ultrasonic tip was significantly higher than the XP-endo Finisher file and the Easyclean tip, which did not differ from each other. Regarding the ultrasonic tip, the external temperature in the middle third (39.46ºC) of the root was significantly lower than in the cervical (40.41ºC) and apical third (40.53ºC). None of the agitation methods of irrigants studied presented heating above 47ºC, and their use is safe for periodontal tissues.
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AKTÜRK, Erhan, Cagdas Nurettin EMEKLİOGLU, Başak CINGILLIOĞLU, Simten GENÇ, Arzu YURCİ, and Veli MİHMANLI. "Risk factors and maternal/fetal outcomes of pregnant women with abruptio placenta: a retrospective, descriptive study." Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 5, no. 6 (2022): 1535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1161262.
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Aim: Abruptio placenta is one of the most important causes of antepartum bleeding and is linked to the major (unpleasant) obstetrics consequences leading to the increased risks of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study is to establish a prevalence in our tertiary hospital and find out the fetal and maternal outcomes, along with the patient’s demographic characteristics and risk factors of abruptio placenta. 
 Material and Method: This trial was carried out in Profesör Doktor Cemil Taşçıoğlu State Hospital, between January 2018 and March 2022. Patient data were extracted from computer system, and files were retrospectively evaluated. We established the fetal and maternal outcomes, along with the demographic characteristics and risk factors of abruptio placenta. All analysis was performed using SPSS software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 25.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
 Results: Within the review period there were 7126 deliveries. And 112 cases with abruptio placenta were seen out of the total deliveries. In our population, prevalence of the abruptio placenta was calculated as 1.5%. Because of the incomplete data in certain files, only a total of 102 cases (91%) were eligible for the study.
 Conclusion: In conclusion, since the abruptio placenta is highly associated with maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, timely diagnosis is crucial to prevent devastating consequenuces.
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Issoufou, Ibrahim, Rabiou Sani, Daouda Amadou, et al. "Which Role for Muscle-Sparing Posterolateral Thoracotomy in the Treatment of Spontaneous Pneumothorax?" Surgery Journal 09, no. 04 (2023): e149-e155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770954.
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Abstract Objective This study aims to show the place of muscle-sparing posterolateral thoracotomy in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods It was a single-center study performed in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Teaching hospital Hassan II of Fez for 8 years. We adopted the nosological definition, which classifies spontaneous pneumothorax into three categories. We included patients over 15 years of age with primary or secondary spontaneous pneumothorax operated by posterolateral thoracotomy without muscle section, and we analyzed the specific indications of this approach. It included 49 patients with primary or secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, operated by muscle-sparing posterolateral thoracotomy. Data were collected from regularly updated computer files of patients, entered by Excel 2013, and analyzed using SPSS.20 software. These data are: epidemiological, clinical, radiological, surgical exploration, surgical procedure, the result of the surgery and the evolution. Results The average age was 42 years. Smoking was found in 61% of cases and pulmonary tuberculosis in 10% of cases. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) showed bullae and blebs in 31% of cases, pleural adhesions and pachypleuritis in 50% of cases, and hydropneumothorax with pachypleuritis in 37% of cases. There is a statistical correlation between pleuropulmonary decortication and pachypleuritis (p = 0.002) or hydropneumothorax (p = 0.001) on CT. Bullae and blebs resection was performed in 53% of cases and pleuropulmonary decortication in 63% of cases. A right pleuropneumonectomy was performed in one case. The follow-up was uneventful in 82% of cases. Conclusion Muscle-sparing posterolateral thoracotomy remains the best approach and leads to good results.
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Ozturk, Asel Usdat, Ekin Dogan, Venus Seyedoskuyi, Berk Senguler, and Asli Topaloglu-Ak. "Evaluation of calcium hydroxide root canal filling materials by cone beam computed tomography and three-dimensional modeling." Folia Medica 66, no. 2 (2024): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.66.e119114.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of filling pastes in resin prototype primary molars by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 3D modeling. Materials and methods: The canals of 27 primary second molar teeth models were shaped with a rotary endodontic motor to file No. 30/04. The samples were randomly divided into three groups and filled with calcium hydroxide-distilled water, Viopex, and calcium hydroxide-propylene glycol, respectively (n=9). Pre-filling and post-filling CBCT images of the shaped canals were obtained, 3D models were reconstructed with MiMiCS® software and volume measurements were made in cubic millimeters (mm3). Differences between the volume of the shaped canals and filling materials were calculated as the miss-filling areas of various filling materials were also recorded. Dependent 2-group I-test, Bonferroni test, and one-way analysis were used for statistical analysis. Data were statistically analyzed at p&lt;0.05 significance level by IBM SPSS 25 software. Results: Among the three root canal sealers, the filling capacity of the calcium hydroxide-propylene glycol group was found to be the highest (p=0.001). Conclusion: When calcium hydroxide mixed with propylene glycol was compared to calcium hydroxide alone, calcium hydroxide demonstrated a greater potential for root canals in primary maxillary second molar models. It is clear that clinical studies with follow-ups of the subjects will contribute to literature and clinical success.
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Khosravi, Hossein, Karim Qazi Khanlou Sani, Lavin Khorshidi, and Younes Mohammadi. "Investigating the Compatibility of Lung CT Scan Findings and Molecular Diagnosis Test of Patients With COVID-19 in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Hamedan." Avicenna journal of Care and Health in Operating Room 1, no. 1 (2023): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ajchor.31.
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Background: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) scan based on the results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) molecular diagnosis test in the diagnosis of COVID-19 diseases. Methods: In this study, 451 files related to hospitalized patients with initial diagnosis of COVID-19 were examined. Demographic information, symptoms, and results of both tests were extracted from the files. After collecting information by sampling method, the data were analyzed by SPSS software. In order to describe the data, mean and standard deviation statistics were used for qualitative data. Moreover, the Kappa test was used to measure the compatibility of the three methods. Results: The concordance rate of PCR and CT scan was calculated at 66%, of which 55.3% were positive, and 10.7% were negative. The results were obtained with an accuracy of 68.9%, a precision of 91.5%, a sensitivity of 69.1%, a specificity of 68%, and an F1-score of 95.10%. In general, based on the statistical criteria, the calculated percentage is an acceptable value. Conclusion: According to the appropriate matching percentage of CT scan and RT-PCR molecular diagnosis test, both techniques can be used as a diagnosis criterion according to the patient’s symptoms.
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Bhandary, Shital. "Evaluating maternal mortality ratios of Nepal with 2003 Nepal world health survey estimates." Journal of General Practice and Emergency Medicine of Nepal 5, no. 7 (2018): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.59284/jgpeman110.
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Introduction: Maternal mortality is an important indicator for women’s health. It is estimated as pregnancy related maternal mortality ratio (PRMR) in Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS). However, 2011 National Population and Household Census (NPHC) gave a very high estimate of this indicator and challenged the 1996 and 2006 NDHS estimates. This warrants the evaluation of these estimates using another reliable source and this study aims to fill that gap.
 Method: The 2003 Nepal World Health Survey (WHS) data files were used to get PRMR for 1995-2002. SPSS syntax was used to create sibling history to compute PRMR for the country. Standard error was computed to get 95% confidence interval (CI) and compare it with NDHS and NPHC estimates. 
 Result: Data quality of sibling history was found to be reliable for getting maternal mortality estimates as age and age at death data was good. Adjusted PRMR of 285 was obtained for 1996-2002 with 95% CI of 161-391. This CI overlapped for 2006 NDHS estimate but it did not overlap the 1996 NDHS and 2011 NPHC estimates. 
 Conclusion: PRMR from 2003 Nepal WHS were found to be consistent with 1996 and 2006 NDHS as per reported confidence intervals but it was not consistent with the 2011 NPHC estimate. As NPHC used indirect method due to poor data quality of observed deaths and live births, it cannot be considered as a reliable estimate of PRMR. Thus, it is recommended to use surveillance based methods to get valid and reliable estimate of PRMR and MMR for Nepal.
 Key words: Maternal Mortality, World Health Survey, Demographic and Health Survey, Census, Nepal
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Kazondovi, Collins, Albert Isaacs, and Sitali Brian Lwendo. "The Challenges Distance Education Students Experience during Their Education Degree Program in the Faculty of Education at the University of Namibia." Higher Education Studies 12, no. 2 (2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v12n2p54.
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The main purpose of this study was to identify the challenges distance education students experience during their education degree studies. The specific objectives studied included the following: to investigate the technical and technology limitations, limited interactivity between lecturers and students and among distance education students, and lack of support from administrative staff. The research design employed in this study was the survey research design. The distance education students were asked to complete an online survey to determine their experiences doing their studies on a distance mode. The target population for this study included all distance education students (1675) who are enrolled at the Centre for Open, Distance and eLearning (CODEL) at the University of Namibia in 2020. The questionnaire instrument was administered via google form, 354 responses were received in spreadsheet formats, and chats generated from the responses, the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences (SPSS) file, the descriptive and reliability statistics for all the variables. Based on the findings of this study, this study concludes that the University of Namibia needs to improve slow internet speeds, limited internet access, lecturer student interaction, collaboration between distance education students, lack of computers, among others. Some of the recommendations made by this study include: increased funding in ICT infrastructure for distance education students, better training for lecturers on how to deliver pedagogy and the CODeL administrative staff to better support distance education students.
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Imran, Muhammad, Atiq Ahmed Khan, Syed Ijlal Ahmed, Shiraz Ahmed Ghouri, Alizay Rashid Khan, and Muhammad Osama Farooqui. "COMPOUND DEPRESSED FRACTURES;." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 05 (2018): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.05.297.
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Background: It is defined as fracture in which fractured fragment is elevatedabove the level of the intact skull. Objectives: To assess the outcome of patients with delayedrepair of compound depressed fractures. Study Design: Retrospective comparative crosssectional study. Setting: Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: 01-01-2015 to 31-12-2016.Methodology: Sample size was calculated and sampling technique was non probability. Datawas recorded from patients files to computer and analyzed on SPSS version 21. Results: Themean age of study participants was 21 years ± 5. There were 14 (77.7%) male and 4 (22.2%)female patients in our study. The maximum time from injury to intervention was 84 hours. Mostpatients presented to the emergency department with compound depressed fractures due to fallor hit by blunt object (40%) followed by road traffic accidents (33.3%) and assault (26.7%). Mostcommon location of the compound depressed fracture was frontal bone involving right sideof the skull. All the patients were successfully managed with satisfactory outcome without anymajor complications. Conclusion: The authors conclude that repair of depressed compoundfractures in adults, if managed properly shows good outcome with less complications even withdelay of 6 hours to 84 hours from injury to intervention.
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Gyawali, B. R., U. R. Karki, P. Pacchai, et al. "A radiological study on anatomical variations of frontal sinus and its’ drainage pathway in a Nepalese adult population." Rhinology Online 7, no. 7 (2024): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhinol/23.028.
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Background: This study aims to assess anatomical variations in the frontal sinus and its drainage pathway within the Nepalese population. Methodology: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of ENT-HNS and Radiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus in Nepal. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) computed tomography files of patients were analyzed over a year to assess pneumatization variations, frontal sinus size, presence of intersinus septa, olfactory fossa depth, frontal recess cells, and anterior ethmoidal artery position. Imaging files with obscuring disease processes or obtained in different positions, hindering frontal sinus or recess visibility, were excluded. Data analysis employed SPSS version 25, using descriptive statistics (median, range, interquartile range), Chi-squared tests, and Cramer’s V. Results: Among total sinuses analyzed, 7% exhibited unpneumatized frontal sinuses (3.3% bilaterally, 6.7% unilaterally). Median dimensions for right and left frontal sinuses were 10.2 x 11.15 x 11.7 mm and 10.2 x 11.1 x 11.6 mm, respectively. Predominant fin- dings included mixed upper uncinate process attachments, Type II olfactory fossa, agger nasi as the commonest anteriorly based cells, and supra bulla cells as the prevalent posteriorly based cells. Conclusion: Investigation of frontal sinus anatomy in the Nepalese population revealed distinct features. While generally well- developed, these sinuses exhibited relatively smaller dimensions compared to other ethnic groups. Consistent with prior studies, agger nasi and supra bulla cells were the most prevalent anteriorly and posteriorly based cells, respectively.
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Quoc Dat, Nguyen, and Nguyen Thu Hang. "Service Quality and Performance Results through Customer Satisfaction at Small-Scale Hotels in Hanoi Area." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) 11, no. 11 (2023): 5344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i11.em07.
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In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, the hotel industry in Vietnam shows a strong recovery, businesses are continuously stepping up recruitment activities, expanding markets and increasing customer files. . The goal of the article is to clarify the impact of service quality on operational results through customer satisfaction. The research sample was collected by the author of the article from 119 survey questionnaires after 3 times distributing questionnaires to customers who used services at 5 small-scale hotels in the Hanoi area of Vietnam. Using quantitative research on the PLS-SEM linear structural model on SPSS 20 and AMOS 20 software, the results have identified 3 groups of recommended solutions for hotel managers in meeting demand. customers and improve operational results, including: (i) Organizing hotel staff, foreign language training, and professional behavior; (ii) Invest in equipment and facilities suitable to customer needs in different stages; (iii) Increase customer responsiveness, especially through the internet channel.
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Leni Karunia Septiani, Nanda Aula Rumana, Deasy Rosmala Dewi, and Noor Yulia. "Tinjauan Kualitas Pelayanan Pasien JKN Non PBI di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Puskesmas Batua Kota Makassar." SEHATMAS: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (2022): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/sehatmas.v1i1.33.
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Service quality comes from the comparison of what consumers feel (expectations) with consumer perceptions about the performance of companies that provide services. The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of service for JKN non-PBI patients at the Batua Public Health Center in Makassar. The method used is quantitative analysis with descriptive method. Calculation of sample size using the proportion estimation formula obtained 96 samples with the sampling method, namely Incidental/Convenience Sampling. Data collection techniques using interviews and self-filling by patients with interview guide instruments and questionnaires, and data were analyzed using SPSS. Service quality is assessed based on 5 dimensions, namely Tangible, Responsiveness, Reliability Assurance and Empathy. From the results of the study, it was found that the percentage of service quality at Batua Health Center was 57.3% of good service quality and 42.7% not good, meaning that the service quality was classified as not good because ≤ 90% based on outpatient SPM. Obstacles that often occur when serving patients such as problems with communication tools/speakers, lack of computers, patients do not want to queue and do not bring medical cards/BPJS cards/identity cards. It is recommended to the Puskesmas to pay more attention to the cleanliness and comfort of the registration place, the officers should improve their competence, advance working hours so that there are no delays in opening the counter, apply 3S 1T, pay attention to the problematic speakers and computers as well as socialize the files that must be brought during registration.
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Krutika Kiran, Kadam, Vagarali Hemant, Pujar Madhu A, Tamase Aishwarya S, and Sahana Umesh. "Comparative evaluation of shaping ability of trunatomy and protaper gold files in curved canals using cone?beam computed tomography: An invitro study." IP Indian Journal of Conservative and Endodontics 6, no. 2 (2021): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijce.2021.023.
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This study aimed to compare the canal transportation and canal centering ability in the preparation of curved root canals after instrumentation with TruNatomy (TN) (TN; Dentsply Sirona, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and ProTaper Gold (PG) (PG; Dentsply, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK, USA) files using cone‑beam computed tomography (CBCT). 30 Single rooted extracted human teeth with root curvature ranging from 20-30° according to Schneider’s method were selected. Teeth with any visible cracks or fractures, calcifications, previous root canal treatments were excluded. The teeth were randomly assigned into two groups i.e. Group 1-TN and Group 2-PG (n = 15 each). The teeth were instrumented according to manufacturer’s guidelines for both the groups. Canals were scanned using a CBCT scanner before and after preparation to evaluate the transportation and centering ratio at 3 mm, 5 mm, and 7 mm from the apex. The data analysis was done using SPSS software and the test used was independent sample t test for comparison between the 2 groups.Data obtained suggested that TN group presented lesser canal transportation at the middle third of the root. The PG group showed better centering abitily at apical third of the root canal when both the groups were compared. TN resulted in less transportation than PG at the middle third, and PG showed better centering ability at the apical third. Overall, both systems safely prepared root canals, causing minimal errors.
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Limongi, Orlando, Diana Santana de Albuquerque, Flares Baratto Filho, José Roberto Vanni, Elias P. Motcy de Oliveira, and Fernando Branco Barletta. "[NO TITLE AVAILABLE]." Brazilian Dental Journal 18, no. 4 (2007): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402007000400003.
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This in vitro study compared, using computed tomography (CT), the amount of dentin removed from root canal walls by manual and mechanical rotary instrumentation techniques. Forty mandibular incisors with dental crown and a single canal were selected. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups, according to the technique used for root canal preparation: Group I - manual instrumentation with stainless steel files; Group II - mechanical instrumentation with RaCe rotary nickel-titanium instruments. In each tooth, root dentin thickness of the buccal, lingual, mesial and distal surfaces in the apical, middle and cervical thirds of the canal was measured (in mm) using a multislice CT scanner (Siemens Emotion, Duo). Data were stored in the SPSS v. 11.5 and SigmaPlot 2001 v. 7.101 softwares. After crown opening, working length was determined, root canals were instrumented and new CT scans were taken for assessment of root dentin thickness. Pre- and post-instrumentation data were compared and analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test for significant differences (p=0.05). Based on the findings of this study, it may be concluded that regarding dentin removal from root canal walls during instrumentation, neither of the techniques can be considered more effective than the other.
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Chia, Daniel M., Mohammad Hameed, Alexis A. Ugande, and Raymond B. Wuave. "Pattern of Head Computed Tomography Requests, Common Indications and Findings at a Tertiary Health Center in North-Central Nigeria." EAS Journal of Radiology and Imaging Technology 5, no. 03 (2023): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjrit.2023.v05i03.001.
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Background: Since its introduction in the early 1970s, Computed tomography (CT) has evolved over time into a useful diagnostic imaging tool with expanding applications, especially in the evaluation of head pathologies Aim: This study aimed at assessing the pattern of head-CT requests, common indications, and findings at a tertiary health center in north-central Nigeria. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 350 case-files, retrieved from the radiology department's head-CT archives at Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH) between January and December 2022. Using SPSS version 23 and Microsoft Excel 2007, data was entered into a spreadsheet and analysed. The statistical significance level was set at P< 0.05. Tables, figures, and percentages were used to display the data distribution. Results: Men outnumbered women 2:1 in the 350 head-CT requests that were evaluated. 150 (42.9%) of those scanned were in their second to fourth decade of life, when people are more active and energetic, thus more prone to accidents. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), 77(22.0%) was the commonest clinical indication. The findings were entirely normal in 119(34.0%) head-CTs. The abnormalities that physicians suspected before requesting a head-CT were positive in 231 (66.0%) of the patients. The level of confirmation of abnormality was statistically significant (P=0.001). Conclusion: Men had more head-CTs than women. Most of the patients had the abnormalities that the physicians suspected before requesting a head-CT. TBI was the commonest clinical indication, while majority of head-CTs revealed normal findings. This establishes the pattern of head-CT requests, common indications, and findings for future planning and research.
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Karim, AKM Bazlul, Riad Habib, Abu Tahir Mohammad Sahidullah Monsur, et al. "Retrospective Review of Bilateral Decompressive Craniectomy of 51 Patients after Severe Traumatic Head Injury." Bangladesh Journal of Neurosurgery 11, no. 2 (2022): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjns.v11i2.61451.
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Background: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is one of the commonly used treatment modalities for refractory intracranial hypertension after severe traumatic brain injury. Objective: To assess the functional outcome following bilateral decompressive craniectomy (DC) in traumatic head injury based on Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at Enam Medical College & Hospital, from January 2019- December 2020. Data of the patients who had undergone bilateral DC for severe traumatic head injury were reviewed from medical record files. Data were collected pre-designed data collection sheet. Data were analyzed using computer based program statistical package for social science (SPSS) for windows version 25.0 software. Results: This study shows maximum (56.9%) were 16-30 years. The average age was 29.70±14.78 years. Majority were male (94.1%) and only 5.9% were female. Road traffic accidents (RTA) were the most frequent causative event of traumatic injury. Most of the patients (88.2%) were hospital stay 1-5 days then 9.8% were 6-10 days and only 2% were >10 days. The average hospital stays were 3.26±2.43 days. Majority (60.7%) were good recovery, 13.7% were moderate disability, 5.9% were severe disability, 2% were persistent vegetative state and 13.7% were death at home. Conclusion: This study recommends a larger prospective study to assess the longterm functional outcome of bilateral decompressive craniectomy after severe traumatic head injury. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2022; 11(2): 89-93
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Abdul Sahib, Sanaa, and Nazar Mahmud. "Measles in Kirkuk Governorate: Cohort Study." Iraqi National Journal of Nursing Specialties 24, no. 2 (2011): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.58897/injns.v24i2.111.
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Objective(s): To describe the demographic attributes, vaccination status of measles patients and the occurrence ofthe disease according to time and place in Kirkuk governorate during the year 2010.Methodology: The epidemiological study (a descriptive study) on measles cases was carried out in Kirkuk provincewhich is one of the Iraqi governorates from January 20th to July 30th, 2011. Data were collected retrospectively byreview of patients' files that were registered at the department of statistic in health directorate of Kirkuk during theyear 2010. A purposive "non-probability" sample of (152) confirmed measles cases (clinically and laboratory) thatwere registered at the department of statistic in health directorate of Kirkuk during the year 2010, were selected forthe purpose of the study. These data include demographic data, vaccination status, place and time of reporting thecases by month. The obtained data of the registered cases were entered in to the computer and analyzed through theuse of the statistical package social sciences (SPSS 11.5); the data analysis was preformed through descriptivestatistical approach, such as (frequency and percentage).Results: The study findings revealed that (49.3%) of measles cases were more than fifteenth years of age, (57.9%) ofthem were male. Up to half of cases occurred inside Kirkuk city, and according to vaccination status, (47.4%) ofmeasles cases were vaccinated.Recommendations: The study highlighted the necessity of timely measles vaccine campaign, additional dose ofvaccine to include also adolescents and adults who may be sensitive to measles, and importance of health educationfor unimmunized adult person.
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Hartmann, Mateus Silveira Martins, Vânia Regina Camargo Fontanella, José Roberto Vanni, Volmir João Fornari, and Fernando Branco Barletta. "CT evaluation of apical canal transportation associated with stainless steel hand files, oscillatory technique and ProTaper rotary system." Brazilian Dental Journal 22, no. 4 (2011): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402011000400005.
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This study used computed tomography (CT) to compare apical canal transportation in mesiobuccal canals of maxillary molars prepared with different techniques. Sixty teeth were assigned to 3 groups (n=20), according to the technique used for root canal instrumentation: hand instrumentation with K-Flexofiles, K-Flexofiles activated by an oscillatory system and ProTaper NiTi rotary system. Pre and post-instrumentation CT images were obtained 3 mm short of the apical foramen and were superimposed to compare canal transportation. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test using the SPSS software (α=0.05). In the buccal direction, the manual technique produced significantly less canal transportation than the oscillatory technique (p<0.05) and both were similar to the rotary technique (p>0.05). In the distal and distopalatal directions, the oscillatory technique produced more canal transportation (p<0.05). In the mesiopalatal direction, the oscillatory technique produced more canal transportation than the manual technique (p<0.05), and both were similar to the rotary technique (p>0.05). In conclusion, all techniques produced canal transportation, and the oscillatory technique produced the greatest removal of root dentin toward the innerside of the root curvature.
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Bizzi, Suelen dos Santos, Francieli Pasqualotto, Felipe Gomes Dallepiane, et al. "Volumetric Evaluation of the Upper Airways in Relation to the Gonial Angle." Journal of Health Sciences 25, no. 1 (2023): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2023v25n1p50-55.
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Abstract The upper airspace is essential to understand the physiology and pathogenesis of its obstruction, complementary exams based on images have been used to evaluate the upper airspace. The objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of computed tomography, the upper airways (UAS), in relation to anatomical variables, emphasizing the gonial angle and comparing it with volume in mm³, sex and age. A total of 124 computed tomography scans were analyzed using DICOM files (digital image communication in medicine) made available by a radiology clinic using the ITK-snap program (version 3.6.0), upper airway volumes, sex, age and gonial angle values on both the right and left sides were tabulated in a table in the Excel 2010 program of the Microsoft Office 2010 package, and subsequently analyzed in the SPSS software with statistical analysis using the Levene Test and also the ANOVA test, to obtain of the results. The values found for the gonial angle did not indicate a significant difference. However, the present work confirms that within each of these groups there is a homogeneity of variances, corroborating the results reported in the literature. However, regarding the volume of the upper airways, we found that in men and in individuals aged over 34 years, the volume is greater. Keywords: Orthognathic Surgery. Computed Tomography. Cephalometry. ResumoO espaço aéreo superior é essencial para compreender a fisiologia e a patogênese de sua obstrução, exames complementares baseados em imagens têm sido empregados para avaliar o espaço aéreo superior. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar por meio de tomografia computadorizada, as vias aéreas superiores (VAS), com relação a variáveis anatômicas, dando ênfase ao ângulo goníaco e comparando com volume em mm³, sexo e idade. Foram analisados 124 exames de tomográfica computadorizada, por meio dos arquivos DICOM (comunicação de imagens digitais em medicina) disponibilizados por uma clínica radiológica, através do programa ITK-snap (versão 3.6.0), os volumes das vias aéreas superiores, o sexo, a idade e os valores do ângulo goníaco tanto do lado direito como do lado esquerdo foram tabulados em tabela no programa Excel 2010 do pacote Microsoft Office 2010, e analisados posteriormente no software SPSS com análise estatística pelo Teste de Levene e também teste ANOVA, para obtenção dos resultados. Os valores encontrados para o ângulo goníaco não indicaram diferença significativa. Contudo, o presente trabalho confirma que dentro de cada um desses grupos há uma homogeneidade das variâncias e corroborando com os resultados relatados na literatura. No entanto com relação ao volume das vias aéreas superiores encontramos que em homens e em indivíduos com idade superior a 34 anos o volume é superior. Palavras-chave: Cirurgia Ortognática. Tomografia Computadorizada. Cefalometría.
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Hassan, Mairo, and Kehinde Joseph Awosan. "Genitourinary fistulas experience in a tertiary hospital in North-Western Nigeria." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, no. 6 (2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v9i6.21059.
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Background: Genitourinary fistulas are devastating, with obstetric fistula being the most common type and a major public health problem in the developing world.Aims and Objectives: This study was designed with an aim to determine the epidemiology of genitourinary fistulas in our centre.Materials and Methods: A 5 year (1st January 2013 to 31st December 2017) retrospective review based on data extracted from the case files of patients managed for gynecological fistulas at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, North-Western Nigeria, was conducted. A proforma was used to extract data on the research variables. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24 computer statistical software package.Results: A total of 52 patients with genitourinary fistulas were managed in the period under review. The mean age of the patients was 28.25 ± 10.0 years, and majority of them (65.4%) were aged less than 30 years. Most of them (94.2%) had no formal education, and were full-time housewives (98.1%). Majority of the fistulas (69.2%) were due to prolonged obstructed labor, and close to a quarter of fistulas (23.1%) were of iatrogenic origin. About a third of patients (32.7%) have had at least a previous fistula repair. Most of them (92.3%) had surgical repair done, and it was successful in 65.4% of cases.Conclusion: Although, the genitourinary fistulas in this study were majorly of obstetric origin, a relatively high proportion of cases were of iatrogenic origin. Government should provide universal access to timely and appropriate obstetric care, and also empower women.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 31-36
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Işık, Burçin, Nurgül Özdemir, and Sebahat Kuşlu. "Digital literacy status of academic staff in the light of transformation in information and communication technologies." Journal of Human Sciences 18, no. 3 (2021): 374–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v18i3.6131.
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Objective: This study was planned to determine the digital literacy levels of faculty members and the factors affecting them in the light of the transformations in information and communication technologies and to create a resource for related studies. Method: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in 2018 with 272 lecturers working at a state university. Personal Information Form and Digital Literacy Scale were used in data collection. Research data were analyzed in SPSS 22.0 package program. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, t test, Kolmogorov Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test, and the results were evaluated at 95% confidence interval and p <0.05 significance level. Findings: The research results show that the digital literacy levels of the lecturers are very high, age, gender, academic title, study year affect the digital literacy level, the lecturers use digital technologies such as computers and projectors in educational activities to a large extent. Conclusion: In line with these results, it should be ensured that education activities related to digital literacy skills should be organized within the scope of continuous education activities in higher education institutions, and especially and primarily, it should be ensured that academic staff and female instructors in the advanced age group participate in digital literacy training. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Amaç: Bu çalışma, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki dönüşümler ışığında öğretim elemanlarının dijital okuryazarlık düzeylerini ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek ve ilgili çalışmalara kaynak oluşturmak amacıyla planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı olarak tasarlanmış bu çalışma, 2018’de bir devlet üniversitesinde çalışan 272 öğretim elemanı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplamada, Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Dijital Okuryazarlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri SPSS 22.0 paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Veriler, frekans, yüzdelik, t testi, Kolmogorov Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiş olup, sonuçlar %95 güven aralığında, anlamlılık p<0.05 düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma sonuçları, öğretim elemanlarının dijital okuryazarlık düzeylerinin çok yüksek olduğunu, yaş, cinsiyet, akademik ünvan, çalışma yılının dijital okuryazarlık düzeyini etkilediğini, öğretim elemanlarının bilgisayar ve projeksiyon gibi dijital teknolojileri eğitim etkinliklerinde büyük oranda kullandıklarını göstermektedir. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, Yükseköğretim kurumlarında sürekli eğitim etkinlikleri kapsamında dijital okuryazarlık becerilerine ilişkin eğitim etkinlikleri düzenlenmesi, özellikle ve öncelikle, ileri yaş grubunda yer alan öğretim elemanlarının ve kadın öğretim elemanlarının dijital okuryazarlık eğitimlerine öncelikle katılmaları sağlanmalıdır.
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Chew, C., W. Ruehland, D. Berlowitz, and M. Howard. "P084 Characteristics of sleep hypoventilation during polysomnography in a large Australian clinical sleep laboratory cohort." Sleep Advances 4, Supplement_1 (2023): A66—A67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad035.169.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Sleep hypoventilation complicates a range of neurological and respiratory conditions. However, robust definitions are based mainly on expert consensus, and clinically significant thresholds remain unclear. This study thus aims to provide a descriptive analysis of capnography results in a large clinical cohort of patients referred for overnight polysomnography (PSG). METHODS Retrospective clinical audit of overnight in-lab PSGs, between Jan 2015 and June 2023, at a tertiary hospital housing the State-wide referral centre for chronic domiciliary ventilation. Diagnostic PSGs with transcutaneous CO2 (PTcCO2) monitoring and without supplemental oxygen were included. The following data will be extracted from each PSG: Patient demographics: -Primary and secondary clinical diagnoses -PTcCO2 values (e.g. Mean, Minimum and Maximum PTcCO2 in Wake, Sleep, NREM and REM) -Sleep fragmentation measures -Sleep macro-architecture measures -AHI -SpO2 values Data analysis will be performed with IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 26 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) PROGRESS TO DATE 525 PSGs meeting initial criteria have been identified. Currently processing PSG data files to extract parameters and complete exploratory data cleaning and analysis. INTENDED OUTCOME AND IMPACT We aim to explore and clarify: -Differences in patterns of hypoventilation between different diagnostic groups. -Relationships between awake hypoventilation, sleep hypoventilation and REM-isolated hypoventilation. -Effects of applying differing criteria for hypoventilation available in the literature. -Relationships between measures of sleep fragmentation, AHI, SpO2 and hypoventilation parameters. The results of this study will also support and inform future research into associations between severity, duration and patterns of hypoventilation and clinically significant outcomes including morbidity and mortality.
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Patil, Pranjali Naresh, M. Robert Justin, Aditi Subhashchandra Sarda, Snehal Pundlikrao Ughade, Lalit Dattu Darade, and Supriya Ramchandra Zanjad. "Comparative evaluation of the efficiency of cone-beam computed tomography, clinical analysis, and dental loupes in detecting the MB2 canal in maxillary first molars. An in-vitro study." International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry 7, no. 4 (2021): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijohd.2021.053.
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The success of an Endodontic treatment relies on the position and morphology of root canals. It is important for a clinician to be familiar with the canal morphology to negotiate and thereby filling the canals with an inert material. But, the possibility of negotiating the canals with the use of conventional technique alone is difficult. Hence, careful examination with the use of advanced techniques to enhance vision is required to minimize the rate of treatment failures. To compare the efficiency of three methods Cone-Beam computed Tomography (CBCT), clinical analysis, AND Dental Loupes in detecting the MB2 canal in maxillary first molars.One hundred and fifty extracted intact permanent molars were collected. Two examiners i.e., one Endodontist and a Radiologist examined CBCT images of teeth for the number and position of root canals. The first stage included unaided examination using an explorer and K- files. While those teeth that were failed to locate the canals were examined using dental loupes for better magnification. The results were analyzed by McNemar's tests with Bonferroni correction, and Chi-square test using SPSS software v21.Among 150 extracted teeth that were compared,MB2 was detected using CBCT in around 68% of the teeth, while with the use of naked eye and dental loupes, it was found to be around 30% and 66% respectively and the difference in the detection rates was statistically significant.With the view of the parameter under consideration, CBCT has high detection rates followed by dental loupes and naked eye vision. The efficiency of CBCT scans and dental loupes in detecting a second mesio-buccal canal, thus making it more likely to be treated by the clinician.
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Kemfang, Jean Dupont Ngowa, Jovanny Tsuala Fouogue, Bronwdown Stachys Nzali, Felicitée Teukeng Djuikwo, André Ngandji Dipanda, and Bruno Kenfack. "Childbirth patterns after previous caesarean birth in sub-Saharan Africa: a retrospective analytical study in two referral hospitals in a semi-urban setting in Cameroon." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 11 (2021): 4066. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20214312.
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Background: Rising rates of caesarean section (CS) predispose to uterine rupture (UR) during subsequent childbirths. Childbirth after previous CS has poorly been studied in rural Africa. Objective was to describe and analyse the patterns of childbirths after previous CS.Methods: A retrospective analytical study of facility-based deliveries after previous caesarean birth from January 1, 2019 to April 30, 2021 in Bafoussam, Cameroon. We included 416 files of women with previous CS for term singleton pregnancies. Statistics were computed with SPSS®.Results: Mean age and mean parity were 29.9±5.6 years and 3.2±1.4 respectively. Almost half of participants [199 (47.8%)] had had a previous vaginal birth. Antenatal care (ANC) providers were nurses/midwives and general practitioners for 232 (55.8%) and 77 (18.5%) women respectively. The route of delivery wasn’t chosen during ANC for 312 (75.0%) women and 99 (23.8%) of participants were referred during labour. Elective repeat CS was done for 92 (22.1%) women and 324 (77.9%) underwent trial of labour after CS (TOLAC) of whom 131 (40.4%) gave birth by vaginal route. Onset of labour was spontaneous in 304 (93.8%) cases. UR complicated 13 (4.0%) cases of TOLAC. Previous vaginal birth predicted successful TOLAC and referred parturients had higher risk of UR. There were 28 (8.6%) perinatal deaths and 1 (0.3%) maternal death.Conclusions: In our semi urban setting, deliveries after previous caesarean births are unplanned. The success rate of TOLAC is low with a high rate of complications. There is need to improve quality of ANC, birth care and post-natal care for women with previous CS.
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Sharif, Bayan Omer, Safya M. Edan, Balen I. Saeed, and Amina K. Kaka. "Evaluation of the Theater Staff Performance Regarding Surgical Hand Scrub at Rania Teaching Hospital." International Journal of Medical Sciences and Nursing Research 2, no. 2 (2022): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55349/ijmsnr.2022221824.
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Background: The proper hand scrub is helpful to eliminate contaminations deactivating, and protect patients and health care personnel from transmitted diseases. The goal of this study was conducted to provide demographic data and to evaluate theatre staff performance regarding surgical hand scrub at Rania teaching Hospital in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, during the period of 2018 – 2019. Materials and Methods: A non-probability purposive sample of surgical staff (surgeon and scrub nurse), data collection of the study instrument was constructed of total of 19 items. The instrument’s content validity was determined through a panel of 7 experts. The instrument’s reliability was determined using Equivalence (inter-raptor or inter-observer); the data were collected through the evaluation technique and then organized and coded into computer files. Statistical approaches were used for data analysis using SPSS 25.0 version. Results: The result revealed that most of the participants were male, most of them graduated from institute nursing, but more than three-quarters were not trained. More than half of the surgical staff had 6 – 11 years of experience in the surgical room. On the other hand, three-quarters of the participants had a low level of performance regarding surgical hand scrubs. There is a significant association between gender job title and surgical staff’s performance regarding surgical hand scrub at a p<0.05 except for age, the number of trainings, and years of experience in the surgical room at a p>0.05. Conclusion: Our result showed that more than half of the participants had a low level of performance regarding surgical hand scrub therefore the study recommended training courses and participation in symposia regarding infection control and surgical hand scrub. Keywords: Theatre staff, evaluation, surgical, hand scrub, Rania teaching hospital
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Buluma, Alfred, Charles Kyasanku, John Kalule, Julius Shopi Mbulankende, Dorothy Kyagaba Sebbowa, and Muhammad Musoke Kiggundu. "Building Bridges into the Future: An Evaluation of Stakeholders’ Perceptions on the Actualisation of the Curriculum in Uganda’s Seed Secondary Schools." East African Journal of Education Studies 5, no. 4 (2022): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajes.5.4.1001.
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This study evaluates stakeholders’ perceptions of the actualisation of the formal, non-formal, as well as guidance and counselling curriculum in Uganda’s Seed secondary schools. Using a stratified four-stage cluster design, twelve Seed secondary schools, 630 students from senior three and four, and 93 teachers were randomly selected. Using purposive sampling, eight school administrators, four officials from the Directorate of Education Standards (DES), and 48 parents, were selected. Data collection was through administering interviews with school administrators and DES officials, conducting focus group discussions with teachers and parents, and self-administered questionnaires to students. A document review of institutional files and documents was done. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic coding and major themes emerged from the analysis; quantitative data was analysed using SPSS software. Findings on the actualisation of the formal curriculum show low levels of lesson preparations, teacher punctuality, parents’ monitoring of students learning, formative assessments, full-time teaching, equipped science laboratories, and the presence of computer laboratories, digital resources, and ICT teachers. Concerning the implementation of the non-formal curriculum, findings reveal inadequate time, facilities and equipment for co-curricular activities, several stakeholders managing discipline among students including prefects, disciplinary committees, parents, and the disciplinary committee of the board of governors, and poor medical care for students since the posted nurses abscond from duty. Lastly, concerning the implementation of guidance and counselling curriculum, findings indicate that several mechanisms like guidance and counselling programs, the existence of a career’s master/mistress, class visiting days are missing in most of the schools, and the psychosocial needs of students were not met. It is concluded that, to a large extent, a significant gap exists in the implementation of the official curriculum in seed secondary schools of Uganda. The study recommends the recruitment of more teachers on the government payroll in all seed secondary schools in the country. This will make teachers available at the school for consultation with students at all times. Construction and equipping of both science laboratories and computer laboratories in all seed secondary schools. Regular monitoring and close supervision of seed secondary schools by the relevant organs of the Ministry of Education and Sports should be effectively carried out. There is a need for the construction of staff houses at seed schools to maintain teacher presence for the effective implementation of non-formal curricular activities.
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Darade, Lalit Dattu, Aditi Subhashchandra Sarda, Kishore Kumar Sangeri, Pranjali Naresh Patil, Ughade Snehal P, and Rupesh Lawoo Bowlekar. "An In-vitro study to compare the effect of four moisture contaminants on the shear bond strength of composite resin." IP Indian Journal of Conservative and Endodontics 6, no. 4 (2021): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijce.2021.046.
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The success of an Endodontic treatment relies on the position and morphology of root canals. It is important for a clinician to be familiar with the canal morphology to negotiate and thereby filling the canals with an inert material. But, the possibility of negotiating the canals with the use of conventional technique alone is difficult. Hence, careful examination with the use of advanced techniques to enhance vision is required to minimize the rate of treatment failures. To compare the efficiency of three methods Cone-Beam computed Tomography (CBCT), clinical analysis, AND Dental Loupes in detecting the MB2 canal in maxillary first molars.One hundred and fifty extracted intact permanent molars were collected. Two examiners i.e., one Endodontist and a Radiologist examined CBCT images of teeth for the number and position of root canals. The first stage included unaided examination using an explorer and K- files. While those teeth that were failed to locate the canals were examined using dental loupes for better magnification. The results were analyzed by McNemar's tests with Bonferroni correction, and Chi-square test using SPSS software v21.Among 150 extracted teeth that were compared,MB2 was detected using CBCT in around 68% of the teeth, while with the use of naked eye and dental loupes, it was found to be around 30% and 66% respectively and the difference in the detection rates was statistically significant.With the view of the parameter under consideration, CBCT has high detection rates followed by dental loupes and naked eye vision. The efficiency of CBCT scans and dental loupes in detecting a second mesio-buccal canal, Thus making it more likely to be treated by the clinician.
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Amornvit, Pokpong, and Sasiwimol Sanohkan. "The Accuracy of Digital Face Scans Obtained from 3D Scanners: An In Vitro Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24 (2019): 5061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245061.
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Face scanners promise wide applications in medicine and dentistry, including facial recognition, capturing facial emotions, facial cosmetic planning and surgery, and maxillofacial rehabilitation. Higher accuracy improves the quality of the data recorded from the face scanner, which ultimately, will improve the outcome. Although there are various face scanners available on the market, there is no evidence of a suitable face scanner for practical applications. The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the face scans obtained from four scanners; EinScan Pro (EP), EinScan Pro 2X Plus (EP+) (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China), iPhone X (IPX) (Apple Store, Cupertino, CA, USA), and Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid (PM) (Planmeca USA, Inc. IL, USA), and to compare scans obtained from various scanners with the control (measured from Vernier caliper). This should help to identify the appropriate scanner for face scanning. A master face model was created and printed from polylactic acid using the resolution of 200 microns on x, y, and z axes and designed in Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). The face models were 3D scanned with four scanners, five times, according to the manufacturer’s recommendations; EinScan Pro (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China), EinScan Pro 2X Plus (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China) using Shining Software, iPhone X (Apple Store, Cupertino, CA, USA) using Bellus3D Face Application (Bellus3D, version 1.6.2, Bellus3D, Inc. Campbell, CA, USA), and Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid (PM) (Planmeca USA, Inc. IL, USA). Scan data files were saved as stereolithography (STL) files for the measurements. From the STL files, digital face models are created in the computer using Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). Various measurements were measured five times from the reference points in three axes (x, y, and z) using a digital Vernier caliper (VC) (Mitutoyo 150 mm Digital Caliper, Mitutoyo Co., Kanagawa, Japan), and the mean was calculated, which was used as the control. Measurements were measured on the digital face models of EP, EP+, IPX, and PM using Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). The descriptive statistics were done from SPSS version 20 (IBM Company, Chicago, USA). One-way ANOVA with post hoc using Scheffe was done to analyze the differences between the control and the scans (EP, EP+, IPX, and PM). The significance level was set at p = 0.05. EP+ showed the highest accuracy. EP showed medium accuracy and some lesser accuracy (accurate until 10 mm of length), but IPX and PM showed the least accuracy. EP+ showed accuracy in measuring the 2 mm of depth (diameter 6 mm). All other scanners (EP, IPX, and PM) showed less accuracy in measuring depth. Finally, the accuracy of an optical scan is dependent on the technology used by each scanner. It is recommended to use EP+ for face scanning.
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Phudphong, Pitchapa, Pokpong Amornvit, and Nattapong Sirintawat. "Comparison of Accuracy of Alginate Impression and Intraoral Scanner in Model with and without Orthodontic Brackets." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (2021): 6037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136037.
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Surgical splints are widely used in orthognathic surgery. The fitting of a surgical splint affects the success of the surgery. Stereolithography (STL), the method used to achieve accurate and reliable input files, is important for the manufacturing process of the surgical splint. Nowadays, data acquisition can be performed with the aid of an intraoral scanner (IOS) or impression materials. This in vitro study aimed to compare the trueness and precision of IOS (TRIOS3®, 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and alginate impression (Kromopan®, Lascod, Florence, Italy) in a full-arch dental model with/without orthodontic brackets. Custom complete arch models were fabricated with a refractive index similar to that of tooth structure. A TRIOS3® intraoral scanner (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and an alginate impression were used to duplicate the custom model without orthodontic brackets for complete arch scenarios (both upper and lower arches), n = 5. Subsequently, orthodontic brackets (Ormco®, Glendora, CA, USA) were attached to the custom model and the TRIOS® intraoral scanner and alginate impression were used again. Analysis was performed using 3-dimensional (3D) metrology software (GOM inspect®, GOM GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany) to measure surface deviations between the STL files from the custom model to evaluate and compare their trueness and precision. All data were entered into Microsoft Excel and then transferred to SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The average surface deviations were compared between the TRIOS3® intraoral scanner and the alginate impression using a repeated measures ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with adjustment for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni’s correction. There were no significant differences in trueness and precision between TRIOS3® and alginate impression in full arch models with and without orthodontic brackets. Moreover, the accuracy of all groups was less than 100 microns, which was acceptable. Further in vivo studies are required to confirm these results.
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Gupta, Bhavana. "To evaluate the predisposing factors of uterovaginal prolapse in women admitted in gynaecology ward." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 10, no. 2 (2023): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2023.040.
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: Uterovaginal prolapse is an abnormal protrusion or herniation of pelvic organs from its normal position in the pelvis, due to failure of anatomical support. The prevalence of uterovaginal prolapse is difficult to be determined because many women are asymptomatic and many are hesitant to discuss with family. It can be considered a silent epidemic. The cause of uterovaginal prolapse is multifactorial. The parity, mode of delivery, postmenopausal status, obesity are some of the factors affecting the severity. The condition is preventive and by counseling and care during antenatal and postnatal period, the prevalence of this condition can be curtailed and quality of life can be improved.To evaluate the predisposing factors of uterovaginal prolapse in women admitted to the gynaecology ward.: A retrospective study was done for a period of 2 years from January 2019 to January 2021 at Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, a tertiary care hospital and medical college, Kursi Road, Dasauli, Lucknow. The women admitted in gynaecology ward with symptoms of mass per vagina were included in the study. The data was retrieved from medical records of the department. The case file as per inclusion and exclusion criteria was identified and included in the study. The information of risk factors was collected using patient proforma. The pelvic organ prolapse quantification system (POPQ) approved by international continence society was used for categorizing uterovaginal prolapse. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. Frequencies, percentage and mean computed to describe the variables of the study. The Chi-square test was used to compare variables. The statistical significance P&#60;0.05 was considered significant.: The period of study was from January 2019 to January 2021. During this period 11256 patients were seen at the gynaecological clinic, out of which 206 patients had uterovaginal prolapse. The prevalence was 1.8%. The multiparity, prolonged and difficult deliveries, delivery by untrained personnel, mismanaged third stage of labour involving injury to sphincters and vaginal tears are determinants of prolapse uterus. Further postmenopausal condition causing hypoestrogenic state causes weaking of ligaments, collagen and aggravates the condition. Hence, preventive measures like institutional delivery, delivery by trained personnel, menopausal clinics may help the target population.
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Gupta, Bhavana. "To evaluate the predisposing factors of uterovaginal prolapse in women admitted in gynaecology ward." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 10, no. 2 (2023): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2023.039.
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: Uterovaginal prolapse is an abnormal protrusion or herniation of pelvic organs from its normal position in the pelvis, due to failure of anatomical support. The prevalence of uterovaginal prolapse is difficult to be determined because many women are asymptomatic and many are hesitant to discuss with family. It can be considered a silent epidemic. The cause of uterovaginal prolapse is multifactorial. The parity, mode of delivery, postmenopausal status, obesity are some of the factors affecting the severity. The condition is preventive and by counseling and care during antenatal and postnatal period, the prevalence of this condition can be curtailed and quality of life can be improved.To evaluate the predisposing factors of uterovaginal prolapse in women admitted to the gynaecology ward.: A retrospective study was done for a period of 2 years from January 2019 to January 2021 at Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, a tertiary care hospital and medical college, Kursi Road, Dasauli, Lucknow. The women admitted in gynaecology ward with symptoms of mass per vagina were included in the study. The data was retrieved from medical records of the department. The case file as per inclusion and exclusion criteria was identified and included in the study. The information of risk factors was collected using patient proforma. The pelvic organ prolapse quantification system (POPQ) approved by international continence society was used for categorizing uterovaginal prolapse. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. Frequencies, percentage and mean computed to describe the variables of the study. The Chi-square test was used to compare variables. The statistical significance P&#60;0.05 was considered significant.: The period of study was from January 2019 to January 2021. During this period 11256 patients were seen at the gynaecological clinic, out of which 206 patients had uterovaginal prolapse. The prevalence was 1.8%. The multiparity, prolonged and difficult deliveries, delivery by untrained personnel, mismanaged third stage of labour involving injury to sphincters and vaginal tears are determinants of prolapse uterus. Further postmenopausal condition causing hypoestrogenic state causes weaking of ligaments, collagen and aggravates the condition. Hence, preventive measures like institutional delivery, delivery by trained personnel, menopausal clinics may help the target population.
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Ochonye, Bartholomew, Olaniyi Felix Sanni, Godwin Emmanuel, et al. "A retrospective study of tuberculosis prevalence and associated factors among HIV-positive key populations in Nigeria." PLOS Global Public Health 4, no. 7 (2024): e0003461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003461.
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HIV is a major risk factor for active Tuberculosis (TB.) This raises patients’ risk of original infection, reinfection, and TB reactivation. Providing healthcare to KPLHIV in developing countries requires TB prevalence research. This study aims to determine the prevalence of TB and HIV co-infection and associated factors among KPLHIV. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study among KP’s living with HIV enrolled on care in One Stop Shop (OSS) of Heartland Alliance Ltd/GTE across six states in Nigeria. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Secondary data analysis of client’s records from the RADET files of the KPCARE 1 project from 6 states was conducted. Means with standard deviations were computed for continuous variables like age, and frequency tables were generated for categorical variables. Chi-square tests and t-tests were used for the bivariate analysis of variables. All tests were done at a 5% level of statistical significance (p = 0.05).TB prevalence was 19.1% among KP’s living with HIV, with variations observed in age groups, geographic locations, target populations, marital status, educational backgrounds, clinical characteristics, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) history. KPs aged 51 and above exhibited the highest TB prevalence (21.0%), while those aged below 20 years had the lowest (18.2%). Jigawa KPs recorded the highest TB prevalence (38.4%), and Niger had the least (13.3%). TB was more prevalent among People who inject drugs (20.3%), divorced (32.3%), and those who attained Qur’anic education (29.7%). KPs who had to restart ART exhibited the highest TB prevalence (22.0%), whereas those who experienced Interruption in treatment (IIT) reported the lowest at 10.0%. Immune-suppressed KPs (CD4 counts < 200 cells/m3) had a higher TB prevalence of 26.6%. TB prevalence among KPs living with HIV varies greatly, underlining the need for targeted treatments, especially for high-risk categories, to improve HIV treatment outcomes and reduce TB prevalence.
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Farmer, Kristine, Jeff Allen, Malak Khader, Tara Zimmerman, and Peter Johnstone. "Paralegal Students’ and Paralegal Instructors’ Perceptions of Synchronous and Asynchronous Online Paralegal Course Effectiveness: A Comparative Study." International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies 3, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ijevs.v3i1.3550.
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To improve online learning pedagogy within the field of paralegal education, this study investigated how paralegal students and paralegal instructors perceived the effectiveness of synchronous and asynchronous online paralegal courses. This study intended to inform paralegal instructors and course developers how to better design, deliver, and evaluate effective online course instruction in the field of paralegal studies.Survey results were analyzed using independent samples t-test and correlational analysis, and indicated that overall, paralegal students and paralegal instructors positively perceived synchronous and asynchronous online paralegal courses. Paralegal instructors reported statistically significant higher perceptions than paralegal students: (1) of instructional design and course content in synchronous online paralegal courses; and (2) of technical assistance, communication, and course content in asynchronous online paralegal courses. Instructors also reported higher perceptions of the effectiveness of universal design, online instructional design, and course content in synchronous online paralegal courses than in asynchronous online paralegal courses. Paralegal students reported higher perceptions of asynchronous online paralegal course effectiveness regarding universal design than paralegal instructors. No statistically significant differences existed between paralegal students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of synchronous and asynchronous online paralegal courses. A strong, negative relationship existed between paralegal students’ age and their perceptions of effective synchronous paralegal courses, which were statistically and practically significant. Lastly, this study provided practical applicability and opportunities for future research. Akyol, Z., & Garrison, D. R. (2008). 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ISHAQ, TEHNIYAT, SAID AMIN, and ISHAQ KHATTAK. "POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 04 (2011): 604–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.04.2647.
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Objective: To determine the frequency, risk factors and existing practice for the management of massive primary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Study design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Kuwait Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Materials and methods: this study was performed from June 2008 to June 2010. Women who developed massive primary PPH after admission or were admitted with it, were included in the study. Medical record files of these women were reviewed for maternal mortality and morbidities which included mode of delivery, possible cause of postpartum hemorrhage, supportive medical and surgical intervention. Data was entered in the pre-structured proforma. Estimates of blood loss were made on history, visual parameters and patient’s condition. All the data was analyzed by using statistical computer soft ware SPSS 6. Results: During the study period total number of obstetrical admissions were 2944. Forty nine out of 2769 (1.76%) deliveries, developed massive primary PPH. The highest frequency of massive primary PPH was observed in grand multiparous patients. Uterine atony was the most common cause of the complication. Birth attendants other than doctor and delivery outside the study unit were significantly associated with the adverse outcome in these patients. Seventy five percent patients,(36/49) who had massive PPH, delivered vaginally. High dependency unit (HDU) was required in 12% (6/49) of women. Only one caesarian hysterectomy was done. There was one maternal mortality. Blood transfusions were required in 82% (40/49) of the patients. Conclusions: Postpartum hemorrhage can be a preventable condition if early identification and timely management of this complication and its risk factors is observed. Uterine atony is the leading cause of immediate PPH. The main risk factors for PPH due to uterine atony are high parity, a large fetus, multiple fetuses, hydramnios, or past history of PPH. Determining the frequency, risk factors and management of primary postpartum hemorrhage will help design stepwise protocols for prevention and management of primary PPH in our setup.