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Journal articles on the topic 'Spur Gear'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Zhai, Guodong, Zhihao Liang, and Zihao Fu. "A Mathematical Model for Parametric Tooth Profile of Spur Gears." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (February 24, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7869315.

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Spur gears are widely used transmission components. In the traditional design process, the noninvolute part of the tooth profile curve is difficult to describe with mathematical equations. This article puts forward a new parametric modeling method, which can describe the modified involute part of spur gears and parameterize and optimize the transition part of the involute curve of the spur gear. And this model of the spur gear can be created by parameters which is input in Scilab software and the spur gear graphic can be completed correspondingly. The experiments show that this modeling method

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2

TUSHAR, JAIN, S. JAIN SHUBHAM, KAZI SHABNAM, and JAIN S. R. DULANGE VISHAL. "BENDING STRESS AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF SPUR GEAR BY USING FEM." JournalNX - A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal NITET2017 (March 16, 2017): 70–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1461386.

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Gear is the one of the important machine element in the mechanical power transmission system. Spur gear is most basic gear used to transmit power between parallel shafts. Spur gear generally fails by bending failure or contact failure. This paper deals with the bending stress calculation of spur gear theoretically and validating it with ANSYS software. These meshed gears from the gear box are subjected to considerable damage throughout its life span due to dynamic excitations caused by terrain undulations, the rotating wheel and track assemblies. The friction between two rolling gears results

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3

Deng, Xiaohe, Lin Hua, and Xinghui Han. "Research on the Design and Modification of Asymmetric Spur Gear." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/897257.

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A design method for the geometric shape and modification of asymmetric spur gear was proposed, in which the geometric shape and modification of the gear can be obtained directly according to the rack-cutter profile. In the geometric design process of the gear, a rack-cutter with different pressure angles and fillet radius in the driving side and coast side was selected, and the generated asymmetric spur gear profiles also had different pressure angles and fillets accordingly. In the modification design of the gear, the pressure angle modification of rack-cutter was conducted firstly and then t

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4

Eskezia, Eniyew, and Misganaw Abebaw. "Effect of Gear Materials on the Surface Contact Strength of Spur Gears." Proceedings of Engineering and Technology Innovation 22 (May 4, 2022): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46604/peti.2022.8695.

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In gear applications, the initiation of cracks at or near the contact surfaces of gear mates occurs mostly due to the surface contact mode of gear failure. This study aims to investigate the influence of gear materials on the contact strength of spur gears. In this study, four different gear materials are selected and the contact stress on spur gear mates is analyzed. Hertz’s contact stress equation and ANSYS 16 are used for the theoretical analysis and finite element (FE) method, respectively. The results of Hertz’s equation are compared with the results of ANSYS 16. The results show that the

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5

Huruj, Deori, and Dutta Debasish. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VON- MISES STRESS FOR SPUR AND BEVEL GEARS FOR VARIOUS PRESSURE ANGLE AND VARIOUS ORIENTATIONS OF AXIS." International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Scientific Research 2, no. 3 (2015): 10–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10726023.

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<strong><em>Abstract</em><em>: </em></strong> <em>                    Spur gear and Bevel gear have variety of application in different field. The main problem of gear is failure due to root bending stress and surface contact stress. Experimental, theoretical and numerical research of bending stress analysis is done by many researchers in years. In this paper only theoretical and numerical methods are used as experimental research are expensive and time consuming. Bending stress is the reason behind

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6

Wang, You Qiang, Zhi Cheng He, and Wei Su. "Study of Transient Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Spur Gears under Impact Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 3506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3506.

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Spur gear contacts experience a number of time-varying contact parameters including the load, surface velocities, radii of curvature, and slide-to-roll ratio. It is very hard to obtain transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) solution of spur gears. In this study, a transient EHL model of involute spur gear tooth contacts is proposed. A full transient EHL solution of involute spur gear under impact load is obtained by utilizing the multigrid technique. The influences of impact load on the EHL of spur gear are analyzed in the paper. The numerical results show that the approach impact load

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7

Thomas, Benny, K. Sankaranarayanasamy, S. Ramachandra, and SP Suresh Kumar. "Search method applied for gear tooth bending stress prediction in normal contact ratio asymmetric spur gears." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 24 (2018): 4647–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217753235.

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Various analytical methods have been developed by designers to predict gear tooth bending stress in asymmetric spur gears with an intention to improve the accuracy of predicted results and to reduce the need for time consuming finite element analysis at the early stages of gear design. Asymmetry in the drive and coast side of asymmetric spur gears poses difficulty in direct application of well-known procedures like American Gear Manufacturers Association and International Organization for Standardization in the prediction of gear tooth bending stress. In earlier works, ISO-6336-3 methodology w

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8

Chen, Tzu Hsia, and Hsiu Chen Tang. "Meshing Efficiency Analysis of Straight Spur Gear Pair." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.314.

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Due to shortage of energy, the meshing efficiency of gear train becomes an important factor of power system. This paper focuses on the meshing efficiency of straight spur gear pair. The analysis of gear meshing efficiency involves the involute theorem of gears, friction and lubrication, and other related issues. According to Buckingham’s research, the theoretical meshing efficiency equation of straight spur gear pair is proposed. One straight spur gear pair (15, 79) is proposed to be the example for analyzing meshing efficiencies at each rotation speed. The theoretical meshing efficiencies for

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9

Manoj, Kumar, and Kumar Amit. "FINAL DRIVE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM: OPTIMAL DESIGN." International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering 9, no. 11 (2022): 26–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6889561.

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The goal of this project is to modify the drive transmission drive system of a 65 HP tractor. A spur planetary drive system is proposed, which has a number of advantages over the traditional cylindrical spur gear drive system. It has a high torque capacity, is smaller, more efficient, and weighs less. Because gears are one of the most important design elements, failure of one gear can have a significant impact on the entire drive system, which can be caused by stress, contact pressures, or temperature. Gears for spur planetary drives are constructed with safety criteria such as tooth root stre

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10

Saribay, Zihni B. "Tooth geometry and bending stress analysis of conjugate meshing face-gear pairs." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 6 (2012): 1302–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406212457644.

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The conjugate meshing face-gear pairs are implemented to high shaft angle intersecting axis gears such as the pericyclic transmission system. The meshing face-gear pair tooth surfaces are generated with a mutually conjugate spur shaper. The established tooth geometry and the dimensions of the conjugate face-gear pairs are summarized in this article. Four different example face-gear pairs are generated at various shaft angles and numbers of tooth combinations. Tooth bending stresses of these face-gear pair teeth are investigated based on finite element analysis methods. In these analyses, only

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11

Zhuang, Wuhao, Lin Hua, Xinghui Han, and Liying Dong. "Distribution of Microstructure and Vickers Hardness in Spur Bevel Gear Formed by Cold Rotary Forging." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 809276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/809276.

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Cold rotary forging is a novel metal forming technology which is widely used to produce the high performance gears. Investigating the microstructure and mechanical property of cold rotary forged gears has a great significance in improving their service performance. In this study, the grain morphology in different regions of the spur bevel gear which is processed by cold rotary forging is presented. And the distribution regulars of the grain deformation and Vickers hardness in the transverse and axial sections of the gear tooth are studied experimentally. A three-dimensional rigid-plastic FE mo

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12

Nadtoka, Olena, and Denis Nadtoka. "Application of computer technologies for calculation of gears at studying of a course " Details of machines"." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI» Series: Dynamics and Strength of Machines, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2078-9130.2021.1.230814.

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The computer program GearKURT has been created to calculate mechanical gears. The program allows you to calculate gears: - closed cylindrical spur gear - closed cylindrical helical gear - open cylindrical spur gear - Novikov's gear - closed bevel spur gear - closed bevel gear with indirect teeth - open bevel gear - worm-gear. The computer program has a dialog interface written in the object-oriented programming language Delphi and compiled into an exe-file. The program allows you to choose the necessary material and method of heat treatment

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13

Ciupitu, Liviu. "Educational Model for the Kinematic Study of Non-Circular Gears." Applied Mechanics and Materials 332 (July 2013): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.332.297.

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The noncircular gears are used more and more in industrial applications. The paper presents an educational test rig for the kinematic study of non-circular gears. Two gears are studied from kinematic theoretically point of view: a gear with identically oval spur gears and another gear with identically elliptical spur gears, and simulation diagrams are presented. As for the testing rig, a gear with identically oval spur gears has been used. The researchers are able to draw with high precision the variation curve of output angle with respect to input angle. By using numerical methods for integra

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14

Gabrial, Bryan, Stenly Tangkuman, and Jotje Rantung. "RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI PERANCANGAN RODA GIGI LURUS MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN PYTHON." Jurnal Tekno Mesin 10, no. 1 (2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35793/jtm.v10i1.51990.

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ABSTRACT The design of gears has complex and quite complicated stages. Accuracy is required in the gear design process. Therefore, designing gear requires a lot of time. Technological progress is currently growing very rapidly. As a result of technological advances, human performance becomes more effective and efficient. In order to solve problems in designing spur gears, this research will design a spur gear design software that can design spur gears using the Python programming language and provides three types of spur gear arrangements. The spur gear design application is made using the Pyt

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15

Ciornei, F.-C., S. Alaci, I.-C. Romanu, and I. Doroftei. "Proposed gear rack cutter for spur gear manufacturing by generating method. Part I: Theoretical and strength analysis arguments." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1262, no. 1 (2022): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1262/1/012042.

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The paper presents the cutting by generating of spur gears using a rack cutter with a modified geometry. In order to find the geometry of the new spur gears, a proper programme has been developed. The geometry of this spur gear is compared with one of a gear with the same parameters but obtained with a standard rack cutter. The differences between the two gears are insignificant but the new tool has a simpler geometry and a higher durability.

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16

Lyashenko, Vyacheslav, and Diana Rudenko. "Modeling Deformation of Spur Gear." International Journal of Recent Technology and Applied Science 3, no. 2 (2021): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ijortas-0302.275.

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In The work considers 11 types of gears, features of their design and application. Analysis of gears designs is carried out, since shape of teeth directly affects process of teeth gearing, and this, in turn, affects load, which causes deformation of elements. 3D model of spur gear was created in ANSYS system. The work was limited by analyzing problem from point of view of gear wheels’ deformation, which were made of 40L carbon steel and carbon composite material. As a result, finite element modeling and analysis of gears using ANSYS system was carried out.

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17

Masoud, A. S. S. A., and M. Qasim. "Increasing spur gear durability: two-material spur gear." International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology 24, no. 3 (2005): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcat.2005.007483.

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18

Yousef, Samy, T. A. Osman, M. Khattab, Ahmed A. Bahr, and Ahmed M. Youssef. "A New Design of the Universal Test Rig to Measure the Wear Characterizations of Polymer Acetal Gears (Spur, Helical, Bevel, and Worm)." Advances in Tribology 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/926918.

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This work aims to study the wear characterization of common types of acetal polymer gears (spur, helical, bevel, and worm) using a new TS universal test rig, in order to obtain reliable results and as a reference when compared with acetal nanocomposite gears later. The TS universal test rig consists of three different units that are connected by a main driver shaft and a pair of constantly meshing metal spur gears, which transfer power to the bevel and worm test units. The first unit is used to test the bevel gears, the second unit is used to test the spur and helical gears, and the third unit

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19

Karupaiah, Vigneshwaran, Venkateshwaran Narayanan, Rajini Nagarajan, et al. "Performance evaluation of 3D-printed ABS and carbon fiber-reinforced ABS polymeric spur gears." BioResources 19, no. 2 (2024): 2796–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.2.2796-2810.

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Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer and carbon fiber reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (CF/ABS) spur gears were 3D-printed using fusion deposition modeling (FDM) with different fillet radii of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mm. The performance of the fabricated gears was studied with the effect of fillet radius on varying load and speed conditions. The thermal properties of the gears were also investigated. The results indicated that 3D-printed CF/ABS spur gear exhibited better performance than the pure ABS. The 3D-printed CF/ABS gear with fillet radius of 0.25 mm recorded the highest

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20

Cai, Gai Pin, Xiao Hui Zhao, and Hong Tao Su. "The Finite Element Simulation Used in Straight Tooth Bevel Gear’s Vibration Rotary Forging." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1716.

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Vibration rotary forging is a complex precision forming process. In the forming process, the addition of the vibration make the boundary condition and the friction condition of the gear blank and the mould changed with the rotation of the head, which lead the forming process of the spur bevel gears become more complicated. Using the rigid-plastic finite element method to study the metal flow law and the stress distribution of the gear blank during the forming process of the spur bevel gears. Using the DEFORM-3D finite element analysis software to simulate and analysis the forming process of th

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21

Steward, J. H. "The Compliance of Solid, Wide-Faced Spur Gears." Journal of Mechanical Design 112, no. 4 (1990): 590–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912651.

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In this paper, the requirements for an accurate 3D model of the tooth contact-line load distribution in real spur gears are summarized. The theoretical results (obtained by F.E.M.) for the point load compliance of wide-faced spur gear teeth are set out. These values compare well with experimental data obtained from tests on a large spur gear (18 mm module, 18 teeth).

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22

Medvecká-Beňová, Silvia, Peter Frankovský, and Robert Grega. "Influence Gearing Parameters on the Tooth Deformation of Spur Gears." Applied Mechanics and Materials 816 (November 2015): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.816.27.

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Gear teeth are deformed due to the load. The tooth deformation of spur gears is not constant for all examined teeth of gears. Tooth deformation is depends on the shape of the teeth, on the basic parameters of examined spur gear, such as the number of teeth, module gearing, pressure angle, gearing width, correction and modification of gearing.

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23

Mohammed, Jwan Kh, Younis Kh Khdir, and Safeen Y. Kasab. "Contact Stress Analysis of Spur Gear Under the Different Rotational Speed by Theoretical and Finite Element Method." Academic Journal of Nawroz University 7, no. 4 (2018): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v7n4a292.

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In this study that spur gears are chosen, contact stress of spur gear is presented under the effect of rotational speed. Three-dimensional simulation of dynamic analysis of gears designed and modeled using ANSYS software. The dynamic analysis included in the determination of dynamic stresses analysis. Contact stress is theoretically calculated and analyzed and numerically estimated using both Hertzian mathematical model and finite element method respectively. Different values of rotational speed used to study its effect on contact stress. Both methods compared by evaluating the percentage erro

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Götz, Joshua, Sebastian Sepp, Michael Otto, and Karsten Stahl. "Low excitation spur gears with variable tip diameter." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 5 (2021): 1275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-1799.

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One important source of noise in drive trains are transmissions. In numerous applications, it is necessary to use helical instead of spur gear stages due to increased noise requirements. Besides a superior excitation behaviour, helical gears also show additional disadvantageous effects (e.g. axial forces and tilting moments), which have to be taken into account in the design process. Thus, a low noise spur gear stage could simplify design and meet the requirements of modern mechanical drive trains. The authors explore the possibility of combining the low noise properties of helical gears with

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Srinivas, M. Shanmuka, and Sangeeth Purushothaman. "Improving the Load Carrying Capacity through Asymmetric Spur Gear using WC-Fe Metal Matrix Composite for Automobile Applications." Prabha Materials Science Letters 3, no. 1 (2024): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/pmsl.2024.3.1.006.

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Gears are the components that have been used for a century to transmit power from one place to another place. Symmetric spur gears are commonly used in the gearbox to transmit power between two parallel shafts. In order to increase the load carrying capacity of the spur gear with reduced noise and vibration, its profile can be modified. This can be achieved by changing the gear tooth design into asymmetric form. Asymmetrically toothed gears are used in power transmission for transmitting the power in one direction. These teeth help to improve the load carrying and power transmitting capacity o

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Mehat, Nik Mizamzul, Amirul Aliff Jamaludin, and Shahrul Kamaruddin. "Multiple Reprocessing of Gear Using Recycled Polypropylene." Applied Mechanics and Materials 660 (October 2014): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.204.

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The reprocessing ability of recycled polypropylene (PP) has been investigated to evaluate the recycling feasibility in spur gear production. Up to 15 reprocessing cycles have been performed by injection moulding, and the effects on tensile properties including ultimate tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break have been studied. Results revealed that reprocessing ability of recycled PP spur gears could yield satisfactory quality as attractive as that corresponding to the virgin PP spur gear. The recycled PP gears resulted in more 10% variation in tensile properties during multi

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Cui, Huan Yong, Xi Jie Tian, and Dong Liang Wang. "Design Technique Research of Fine-Forged Spur Bevel Gear Tooth Profile Modification." Key Engineering Materials 443 (June 2010): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.443.170.

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Gear tooth profile modification can be featured to improve working stability of gear equipments, abate noise and vibration, enhance loading ability and prolong usage life of the gears. Fine forged spur bevel gear are formed with molds, so it is economical to modify the gears by means of modifying mold cavity. Whether the modified gears can be separated from the mold with easiness is proposed to be the basic criterion of gear tooth profile modification design. Near the big ends and tooth roots is mainly the area which affects demolding after modification. According to the modified gear configur

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Li, Feng, Xinyu Pang, and Zhaojian Yang. "Joint Amplitude and Frequency Demodulation Analysis Based on Variational Mode Decomposition for Multifault Diagnosis of a Multistage Reducer." Shock and Vibration 2018 (October 9, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9869561.

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Multistage reducer vibration signals have complicated spectral structures owing to the amplitude and frequency modulations of gear damage-induced vibrations and the multiplicative amplitude modulation effect caused by time-varying vibration transfer paths (in the case of local gear damage) when the multistage reducer contains both planetary and spur gears. Moreover, the difference between the vibration energies of these gears increases the difficulty of fault feature extraction when multiple failures occur in the reducer. As the meshing frequency of each gear group often varies significantly,

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Hamed, Najat. "An Automatic Drawing Spur Gears Based on AutoCAD Program." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 28, no. 1 (2021): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.28.1.07.

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In this research, a computer-aided drawing system of spur gear was developed. An auto LISP programming language embedded within the AutoCAD design package was used to develop a new program to create a 3D model of a spur gear in two main stages. In the first stage, the developed program of spur gear allows automatic 2D spur gear drawing generation using the technique that depends on the half tooth thickness at the pitch diameter. In the second stage, inner profiles of a 2D spur gear views are used to create a 3D model of a spur gear. The developed program helpful for the user in drawing the spu

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Xu, Shu Bo, Cai Nian Jing, Ke Ke Sun, Guo Cheng Ren, and Gui Qing Wang. "Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Deformation Behavior for Spur Gear Warm Forging Process." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 854–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.854.

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Recent years have therefore seen growing interest in gear precision forging to net-shape form of forge bevel, spur and helical gears, as an alternative to conventional manufacturing. In this paper, gear precision forging processes are simulated by using metal forming finite element code DEFORM-3D. The investigations of gear precision forging processes are conducted with perform forging and final forging processes. The processes of completely closed-die forging, moving-die forging and central divided flow forging processes are investigated for spur gears. The effect of different processes on th

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Senthil Kumar, Mouleeswaran, M. Santhosh, E. Arvind, M. Ashwin, and S. Prashant. "Optimization of Spur Gear Design to Reduce Stress." Applied Mechanics and Materials 867 (July 2017): 220–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.867.220.

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The objective of the study is to reduce the stress created in the root fillet region as the maximum stress concentration in gears occurs in the fillet. Therefore, stress relieving features have been created at an offset distance from the root fillet to reduce the stress. A Spur gear with involute profile is taken for the study. The application taken for the study is the gear used in terrain vehicles. The material of the gear is EN-353 grade Steel. Based on the compressive strengths and bending strengths, the spur gear is designed to the required application. The gear is modelled using the spec

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Li, Linqing, Lianhong Zhang, Bing Yu, Kaifeng Wang, and Fucong Liu. "An efficient spur gear shaping method based on homogenizing cutting area through variational circular feed rate." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 231, no. 9 (2015): 1587–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405415601639.

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Gear shaping is a widely applied technology to produce spur gears. Generally, the pinion cutter and the gear workpiece rotate uniformly with a given gear ratio during the conventional gear shaping process, which can cause a large variation of the cutting area per stroke in cutting tooth spaces. It makes the cutting force less than the rated capacity of the gear shaper in most cutting strokes and thus reduces the process efficiency. To overcome such a shortage, a new spur gear shaping method is proposed in this article, in which the cutting area per stroke is homogenized to a target value throu

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Hsieh, Long Chang, Tzu Hsia Chen, and Hsiu Chen Tang. "The Engineering Design of Helical Spur Gear Transmission with Single Gear Pair for Electric Scooter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.374.

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Traditionally, the reduction ratio of a spur gear pair is limited to 4 ~ 7. For a spur gear transmission with reduction ratio more than 7, it is necessary to have more than two gear pairs. Consider the cost of production, this paper proposes a helical spur gear reducer with one gear pair having reduction ratio 19.25 to substitute the gear reducer with two gear pairs. Based on the involute theorem, the gear data of helical spur gear pair is obtained. According to the gear data, its corresponding engineering drawing is accomplished. This manuscript verify that one spur gear pair also can have hi

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Marimuthu, P., and G. Muthuveerappan. "Optimization of fillet stress to enhance the bending strength through non-standard high contact ratio spur gears." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 230, no. 7-8 (2015): 1139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215602287.

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The present study aims to determine the improvement in the bending strength of the non-standard high contact ratio spur gears based on the balanced (optimum) fillet stress of the pinion and gear. The average number teeth in contact is more than two for high contact ratio gear drives. In the non-standard high contact ratio spur gears, the rack cutter tooth thickness factor is more than 0.5, whereas the standard rack cutter tooth thickness factor is 0.5. The maximum fillet stresses of the pinion and gear is not equal for non-standard high contact ratio spur gear drives when the gear ratio increa

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Thomas, Benny, K. Sankaranarayansamy, S. Ramachandra, and Suresh Kumar S.P. "Selection of Pressure Angle based on Dynamic Effects in Asymmetric Spur Gear with Fixed Normal Contact Ratio." Defence Science Journal 69, no. 3 (2019): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.69.13636.

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Asymmetric spur gears are finding application in many fields including aerospace propulsion and automobile which demand unidirectional or relatively higher load on one side of the gear flank. Design intend to maximise the load carrying capacity of the drive side of asymmetric gear by increasing the pressure angle is achieved at the expense of coast side capacity. Multiple solution for coast to drive side pressure angle exist for a given contact ratio and each of these have relative merits and demerits. In the present work asymmetric spur gears of theoretically equal contact ratio as that of co

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Feng, Ji Ling, and Yi Qin. "Load Bearing Capacity Investigation and Coating Failure Mechanism for Coated Spur Gears." Applied Mechanics and Materials 446-447 (November 2013): 491–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.491.

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Spur gears are the most common type of gears for industry, due to its simple structures and low costs of manufacture. Under the complex loading conditions, failures can easily occur in the form of de-bonding, pitting, spalling or crushing of coating structures. Failure may originate from initiation of cracks, and its growth and propagation, however, basic failure mechanism is still not clear. In order to investigate the failure mechanism of coating structure failure for the spur gears, this paper presents some understandings about the coating damage at the teeth flank of a spur gear, based on

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Abdullah, Mohammad Qasim, Adnan Naji Jameel, and Husam Saad Hasan. "Reduction of Noise and Vibration of Spur Gear by Using Asymmetric Teeth Profiles with Tip Relief." Journal of Engineering 21, no. 9 (2015): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2015.09.07.

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Reduction of noise and vibration in spur gear experimentally by using asymmetric teeth profiles with tip relief was presented. Both of classical (symmetric) and asymmetric (with and without tip relief) spur gears are used in this work. Gear test rig was constructed to achieve torsional vibration measuring, and two modified cutters are designed and manufactured to achieve tooth profile modifications. First to cut asymmetric gear tooth with pressure angles (14.5o/25 o) without tip relief for loaded and unloaded tooth sides respectively, and second to cut asymmetric gear tooth with pressure angle

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MA, YONG, XIAOYAN NIU, LIN QIN, NAIMING LIN, XIANGYU ZHANG, and BIN TANG. "MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Mo-MODIFIED Ti6Al4V SPUR GEAR." Surface Review and Letters 24, no. 03 (2017): 1750030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x17500305.

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In order to improve the performance of the Ti6Al4V (TC4) spur gear, a Mo surface modified layer is prepared by the plasma surface metallurgy technique. The element concentration, microstructure and elastoplastic properties are investigated with glow-discharge optical emission spectroscope (GDOES), scanning electron microscope, optical microscope (OM) and nanoindenter. Engaging with 41Cr4 steel gears, the wear resistances of the treated and untreated TC4 spur gears are evaluated through running-in and operation tests performed by a friction and wear tester under lubricated conditions. By finite

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Li, Zheng, and Yang Chen. "The Stress Analysis on Spur Gear Meshing Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.151.

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The gear meshing is a very complicated process due to the nonlinear behaviors during the teeth contact. It is necessary to build a reliable model to simulate gear meshing process which can consider geometry and boundary conditions nonlinear behavior in gear tooth contact analysis. This paper propose a 3D finite element model to simulate the meshing process of a pair of spur gears, and then carry out the gear tooth contact analysis with the consideration of nonlinear behaviors. The results and relevant discussions will indicate and explain some significant phenomena of the gear tooth contact ch

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Buran, Amit A., Prof Mahesh P. Chopade, and Dr Vinod S. Gorantiwar. "Analysis of Spur Gear Using Composite Material." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 3 (2023): 1639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.49762.

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Abstract: Spur gears are the simplest and widely used in power transmission. In recent years it is required to operate machines at varying load and speed. Gear teeth normally fail when load is increased above certain limit. Therefore, it is required to explore alternate materials for gear manufacturing. Composite materials provide adequate strength with weight reduction and they have emerged as a better alternative for replacing metallic gears. Composites provide much improved mechanical properties such as better strength to weight ratio, more hardness, and hence less chances of failure. So, t

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Shekapure, Rajesh, Sneha Vekhande, Aniket Upadeshe, Vipul Kachave, and Akash Jadhav. "Design, Fabrication and Analysis of Fault Diagnosis in Spur Gear." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 4 (2023): 2207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.50514.

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Abstract: Gear roll tester is used to measure and analyse accuracy and errors in spur gears. Gear testing is a technique that has been used in the gear industry to identify possible manufacturing defects in the design of the gear. It is a practical, fast, and effective screening tool that can identify when the gear manufacturing process has deviated from an targeted condition. Therefore, in the present paper it was decided to develop a gear roll tester to analyse effects of different types of defects in gear on its functional performance like run out, misalignments, profile errors, noise, vibr

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Geng, Zhibo, Min Chen, Jiao Wang, Yu Xia, Yun Kong, and Ke Xiao. "Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of a Spur Gear Pair System with Wear Considering the Meshing Position." Lubricants 12, no. 1 (2024): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12010025.

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In this paper, a nonlinear dynamic model of a parallel shaft gear system consisting of two involute spur gears is developed to investigate the coupling effect between the gradual surface wear of gear teeth over time and nonlinear dynamic characteristics. A uniform wear model that accounts for how the volumetric wear of the gear teeth affect their meshing position, backlash, and stiffness is proposed. Additionally, a nonlinear dynamic model with six degrees of freedom is described that considers friction, time-varying gear backlash, and time-varying meshing stiffness. The proposed model signifi

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Abdelrhman, Ahmed Mohammed, Haidar F. AL-Qrimli, Husam M. Hadi., Roaad K. Mohammed, and Hakim S. Sultan. "Times Three Dimensional Spur Gear Static Contact Investigations Using Finite Element Method." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 5 (2016): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n5p145.

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<p>A gear is a critical component and can be found in many industrial applications. This investigation develops a three dimensional finite element spur gear model to calculate the contact stress on the gear tooth surfaces. Contact stress is one of the main factors that is used to decide the gears tooth surface strength. In addition there are other important factors such as frictional forces and micro-pits that influence the gear tooth surface. Different analytical techniques have been used to calculate the contact stress of the gear surfaces namely; Hertzian theory and AGMA standards. Th

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Selvam, R., S. Ravi, and K. Balasubramanian. "Stress Analysis of SIC Reinforced Polyester Nano Composite Spur Gear." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.19 (2018): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.19.22077.

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Gears are most powerful machine element to transmit the motion between rotating shaft. It acts as a dominating transmission system from many years ago. In this study, we analyzed a spur gear machine toolfor special application Â using theoretical method and Finite element analysis. Here, the bending stress on the spur gear is analyzed since these stresses induced play a vital role in gear life. The analysis presented the effect of gear material on induced bending stress. Finally results of theoretical method and Finite element analysis were determined and when compared gives a better results.Â

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Litvin, F. L., A. Fuentes, A. Demenego, D. Vecchiato, and Q. Fan. "New developments in the design and generation of gear drives." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 215, no. 7 (2001): 747–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406011524117.

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Design, generation and simulation of the meshing and contact of gear drives with favourable bearing contact and reduced noise are considered. The proposed approach is based on replacement of the instantaneous line of contact of tooth surfaces by point contact and on application of a predesigned parabolic function of transmission errors that is able to absorb linear discontinuous functions of transmission errors caused by misalignment. Basic algorithms for analysis and synthesis of gear drives are presented. The developed theory is applied for design and generation of the following gear drives

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Li, Qian, Yi Bian, Zhi Ping Zhong, Gui Hua Liu, and Ying Chen. "Study on the Large Module Spur Gear Cold Forming Process by Means of Numerical Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 2642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.2642.

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The cold forging process of large module spur gear with four modules and 59mm breadth is performed by means of numerical simulation method. Two processes to forming such spur gears were compared by the simulation method, one is with the closed-die performing and extrusion in the finish-forging, the other is with divided-flow method in the finish-forging. Especially, the divided-flow method is analyzed in detail. The necessary reference and basis to realize practical cold precision forging process of spur gear with large modulus is provided eventually.

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Oreavbiere, Aselimhe, and Muhammad Khan. "Mathematical Complexities in Modelling Damage in Spur Gears." Machines 12, no. 5 (2024): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines12050346.

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Analytical modelling is an effective approach to obtaining a gear dynamic response or vibration pattern for health monitoring and useful life prediction. Many researchers have modelled this response with various fault conditions commonly observed in gears. The outcome of such models provides a good idea about the changes in the dynamic response available between different gear health states. Hence, a catalogue of the responses is currently available, which ought to aid predictions of the health of actual gears by their vibration patterns. However, these analytical models are limited in providi

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Chen, Yang Zhi, and Xiong Dun Xie. "Two-step method of nanosecond pulse laser ablation manufacturing of miniature bevel line gears." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 235, no. 1-2 (2020): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405420932445.

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Miniature gears have important research value and application prospects in micro-scale machinery. The existing manufacturing methods for miniature gears produce spur gears on the micron scale and spur, helical and bevel gears on the millimetre scale. However, there is no mature process for gears on the micron scale for angular transmissions, such as bevel gears. This article reports for the first time the micro-machining of a miniature bevel gear with an external size of 1–2 mm based on a novel gear structure: the bevel line gear. First, a novel manufacturing method, namely the two-step method

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Schwarz, Andreas, Martin Ebner, Thomas Lohner, et al. "DLC-coated spur gears – part I: friction reduction." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 73, no. 3 (2021): 457–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-07-2020-0257.

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Purpose This paper aims to address the influence of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on the frictional power loss of spur gears. It shows potentials for friction and bulk temperature reduction in industrial use. From a scientific point of view, the thermal insulation effect on fluid friction is addressed, which lowers viscosity in the gear contact due to increasing contact temperature. Design/methodology/approach Thermal insulation effect is analyzed in detail by means of the heat balance and micro thermal network of thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication contacts. Preliminary results at a t

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Munro, R. G., L. Morrish, and D. Palmer. "Gear transmission error outside the normal path of contact due to corner and top contact." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 213, no. 4 (1999): 389–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406991522347.

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This paper is devoted to a phenomenon known as corner contact, or contact outside the normal path of contact, which can occur in spur and helical gear transmission systems under certain conditions. In this case, a change in position of the driven gear with respect to its theoretical position takes place, thus inducing a transmission error referred to here as the transmission error outside the normal path of contact (TEo.p.c). The paper deals with spur gears only, but the results are directly applicable to helical gears. It systematizes previous knowledge on this subject, suggests some further

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