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Journal articles on the topic 'Spur pruning'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 September 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Ferree, David C., and C. G. Forshey. "Influence of Pruning and Urea Sprays on Growth and Fruiting of Spur-bound ‘Delicious’ Apple Trees." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, no. 5 (1988): 699–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.5.699.

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Abstract Spur quality and leaf nutritional levels were determined in various canopy sections of mature spur-bound ‘Delicious’-type apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees and then various pruning and foliar urea treatments were applied to alter growth and improve fruit size. Fruit size declined from the top to the bottom of the canopy of mature spur-bound ‘Starkrimson Delicious’ trees with a similar pattern in the following criteria: leaf area/spur, spur specific leaf weight, and spur bud diameter. Spur leaf area was higher in the top center and east sections than in the top south. Spur bud diame

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2

Rom, Curt R., and Bruce Barritt. "Spur Development of `Delicious' Apple as Influenced by Position, Wood Age, Strain, and Pruning." HortScience 25, no. 12 (1990): 1578–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.12.1578.

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The role of spur leaves in bud and fruit development on two spur-type `Delicious' apple strains (Malus domestica Borkh.) and factors affecting spur development were studied. Reducing spur leaf area on vegetative spurs in August reduced the number of spurs that flowered the following year but did not affect flower size. On spurs that did flower, leaf area reduction the previous year did not influence leaf number or area, but the bourse shoot leaf area was reduced. Spur bud diameter, leaf area, size, specific leaf weight (SLW), and leaf dry weight were larger on 2-year-old vegetative spurs than

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3

Marini, Richard. "SPUR PRUNING `DELICIOUS' APPLE TREES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1102c—1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1102c.

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Twenty-eight-year-old `Starkrimson Delicious' trees were spur pruned in 1986 and 1987 and/or treated with BA + GA4+7 in 1986 in an attempt to improve spur growth and fruit weight. Yield, fruit weight, and spur quality characters were recorded for 1986-1989. All treatment combinations failed to improve yield or fruit weight. Although spur-pruning improved spur length, spur bud diameter, leaf area per spur and leaf dry weight per spur, fruit weight was not improved. BA + GA4+7 reduced yield and fruit weight, and increased the number of pygmy fruit in 1986, but had little effect on fruiting for t

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4

Gatti, Matteo, Tommaso Frioni, Alessandra Garavani, Arianna Biagioni, and Stefano Poni. "Impact of delayed winter pruning on phenology and ripening kinetics of Pinot Noir grapevines." BIO Web of Conferences 13 (2019): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191304002.

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Climate change impacts viticulture with even stronger effects on sparkling wines. Innovative cultural practices represent effective short-term solutions. Among these, postponement of winter pruning later than budburst delayed both vegetative and reproductive cycles as well as technological maturity of several varieties from different wine regions. This research aims to assess the impact of delayed winter pruning on grapevine performance as a function of training system. The trial was carried out in a Pinot Noir vineyard sited at 385 m asl in Central Italy. Delayed winter pruning was performed

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5

Arredondo, Emilio, Fernando M. Chiamolera, Marina Casas, and Julián Cuevas. "Comparing Different Methods for Pruning Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus)." Horticulturae 8, no. 7 (2022): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8070661.

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Recently there have been new trends in global consumption toward fresh foods that are sources of healthy bioactive compounds, as is the case with pitaya. However, pitaya cultivation is a relatively recent phenomenon and little is known about its management. The objective of this work is to determine the most appropriate annual fruiting pruning method for pitaya in order to obtain a regular annual yield of quality fruit and an intense shoot renewal that guarantee future production. This study compared the response of Hylocereus undatus to spur, cane, and combined pruning. As control plants, we

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6

Schupp, James R., H. Edwin Winzeler, Thomas M. Kon, et al. "A Method for Quantifying Whole-tree Pruning Severity in Mature Tall Spindle Apple Plantings." HortScience 52, no. 9 (2017): 1233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12158-17.

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Pruning is the cutting away of vegetation from plants for horticultural purposes. Pruning is known to reduce apple tree size, increase fruit size and quality, and decrease yield. Methods for studying the effects of varying degrees of severity of pruning on a whole-tree basis have used qualitative descriptions of treatments rather than repeatable whole-tree quantitative metrics. In this study, we introduce a pruning severity index calculated from the sum of the cross-sectional area of all branches on a tree at 2.5 cm from their union to the central leader divided by the cross-sectional area of

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7

Clements, Jon M., and Joseph F. Costante. "EFFECT OF DORMANT PRUNING REGIMES ON CANOPY LIGHT DISTRIBUTION, FRUIT AND SPUR QUALITY, AND FRUIT PACKOUT OF `MCINTOSH' APPLES." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 637c—637. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.637c.

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A randomized complete block study was initiated in 1991 in a fifteen year old `Rogers Red McIntosh'/9-106 interstem orchard to investigate the effect of three dormant pruning regimes- an unpruned control, selectively thinned, and heavily structured or “tiered”, on tree canopy light distribution and fruit and spur quality. Fruit quality parameters being measured for the 1991 and 1992 harvests include skin color (% red blush), weight (g.), flesh firmness (kg.), soluble solids concentration (% Brix), and packout (% fancy grade). Pruning treatment effect on fruit spur quality, in terms of spur bud

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8

Marini, Richard P., and Donald Sowers. "Growth, Yield, and Fruit Weight of Spur-bound `Delicious' Apple Trees following Spur-pruning and BA Plus GA4+7 Application." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 3 (1991): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.3.454.

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Twenty-eight-year-old `Starkrimson Delicious' and 10-year-old `Fullred Delicious' apple (Malus domestics Borkh.) trees were spur-pruned in 1986 and 1987 and/or treated with 500 mg BA + GA4+7/liter in 1986 in an attempt to improve spur growth and increase fruit weight. All treatment combinations generally failed to improve yield or fruit size. BA + GA4+7 reduced yield and fruit weight and increased the number of pygmy fruit in 1986, but had little effect on fruiting or vegetative growth for 3 years after treatment. Spur-pruning reduced spur density in 1986 and 1987 and increased yield, but not

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9

Taylor, B. H., and D. C. Ferree. "The Influence of Summer Pruning and Fruit Cropping on the Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, and Nutrient Composition of Apple Trees." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 111, no. 3 (1986): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.111.3.342.

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Abstract Traditionally, the size control achieved in summer-pruned apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees has been attributed to the removal of shoot leaf area before it could replace the storage carbohydrate depleted during its initial growth. Therefore, tissues of young Top Red ‘Delicious’/M 9 trees grown in pots, and mature, field-grown ‘Jonathan’/M 26 trees were summer-pruned and subsequently analyzed for carbohydrate and nutrient element content. Increasing the severity of summer pruning (the length of shoot removed) did not affect the concentration of water-soluble reducing sugars (SRS) or

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10

Downton, WJS, and WJR Grant. "Photosynthetic Physiology of Spur Pruned and Minimal Pruned Grapevines." Functional Plant Biology 19, no. 3 (1992): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9920309.

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Canopy development, photosynthetic performance and yield characteristics of Riesling grapevines managed by either conventional spur pruning or minimal pruning were compared over a growing season. Leaf area development 4-5 weeks after budburst was 4-5-fold greater on the minimal pruned vines due to the 6-7-fold greater number of buds that burst to produce shoots. By time of flowering (8 weeks after budburst) there was less than a 2-fold difference between the pruning treatments in leaf area per vine. At time of harvest the leaf area of spur pruned vines on a Y-shaped trellis exceeded that of mi

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11

Bassi, D., A. Dima, and R. Scorza. "Tree Structure and Pruning Response of Six Peach Growth Forms." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 119, no. 3 (1994): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.119.3.378.

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The response of young, nonbearing peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] trees to pruning was studied in six distinct growth forms including semidwarf, spur-type, upright, columnar or pillar, weeping, and standard. Two years after field planting, pillar and upright trees were trained to slender spindle. Semidwarf, spur-type, and standard trees were trained to the open or delayed vase form. Weeping trees were pruned in a manner similar to the Lepage hedge for pear. Branch density before pruning was highest in semidwarf, spur-type, and upright trees and lowest in pillar trees. Standard, semidwarf, a

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12

El-kereamy, Ashraf, and Sahap Kaan Kurtural. "Yield and Physiological Response of Autumn King and Scarlet Royal Table Grapes to Cane and Spur Pruning Systems." Horticulturae 8, no. 9 (2022): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8090802.

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The type of training system affects vine growth and productivity; however, there is a lack of knowledge on the suitability of pruning systems for some recently introduced (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars. In this study, we provide the growers with science-based information about the response of two table grape variates to cane and spur-pruning systems to develop the best cultural practices. In 2013, a vineyard was established at Kearney Agriculture Research Center, Parlier, California using “Autumn King” and “Scarlet Royal” table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted on Freedom rootstock. The perfor

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13

Kurtural, S. Kaan, Lydia F. Wessner, and Geoffrey Dervishian. "Vegetative Compensation Response of a Procumbent Grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Syrah) Cultivar under Mechanical Canopy Management." HortScience 48, no. 5 (2013): 576–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.5.576.

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A trial in the San Joaquin Valley of California investigated how the interaction of pruning systems and mechanical shoot thinning affected canopy performance, yield components, fruit phenolic composition at harvest, and production efficiency of a procumbent cultivar in a warm climate grape-growing region. Two pruning systems and three shoot thinning treatments were arranged factorially in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The pruning methods were applied by either hand-pruning to a target of 25 nodes/m or mechanically hedging and retaining a 100-mm spur height. The sho

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14

Rom, Curt R. "SPUR PRUNING âDELICIOUSâ APPLE FOR IMPROVED SPUR QUALITY AND YIELD." Acta Horticulturae, no. 322 (October 1992): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1992.322.6.

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15

Allebrandt, Ricardo, José Luiz Marcon Filho, Douglas André Würz, Betina Pereira de Bem, Aike Anneliese Kretzschmar, and Leo Rufato. "Pruning methods on the yield performance and oenological potential of 'Nebbiolo' grapevine." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 52, no. 11 (2017): 1017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2017001100007.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different pruning methods on the yield performance and on the oenological potential of Vitis vinifera 'Nebbiolo', cultivated in high-altitude regions of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. The work was carried out in a commercial vineyard located in São Joaquim, SC, during the 2011/2012 and 2014/2015 crop seasons. The treatments consisted of four pruning systems: Guyot, Guyot Arch, and Cazenave (cane pruning systems), and cordon spur pruning. Production, vine balance, and grape composition were evaluated. In the cane pruning systems,

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16

Kar, Suraj, Ricky W. Clark, Ian T. Ivey, Joseph B. DeShields, Jeremy Cusimano, and Alexander D. Levin. "Post-Frost Pruning Does Not Impact Vine Yield and Berry Composition in Young Grapevines." Horticulturae 10, no. 5 (2024): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050505.

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Spring frost is a perennial and widespread problem across many cool climatic and high-elevation winegrowing regions of the world. Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir is an early budding cultivar; thus, it is particularly susceptible to late-spring frost damage. In late April 2022, an advective frost event occurred throughout Western Oregon winegrowing regions and subsequently damaged a substantial number of commercial vineyards. Growers often are unsure of how to manage grapevines after a frost event. Limited research has shown little-to-no effect of pruning vs. non-pruning strategies on vine yie

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17

Osorio-Acosta, Guadalupe, Jorge Siller-Cepeda, and Jorge Avlos. "Date and Intensity of Topping before Spur Pruning Alters Budbreak of Primary Buds in `Flame Seedless' Grapevines." HortScience 31, no. 4 (1996): 683b—683. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.683b.

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In the Sonoran desert, vines are forced to break with early pruning and cyanamide application. Usually topping of the canes (leaving canes 50 cm long) is done on 10 Dec. to facilitate spur pruning and cyanamide application after 20 Dec. However, budbreak is irregular over the years. There is no reason why date and intensity of topping is done that way. The objective of this work was to evaluate budbreak at different dates and intensity of topping. Five-year-old `Flame Seedless' vines were prune topped on three dates (21 Nov., 1 Dec., and 11 Dec.) and at three different intensities (leaving can

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18

Li, Kuo-Tan, and Alan N. Lakso. "Photosynthetic Characteristics of Apple Spur Leaves after Summer Pruning to Improve Exposure to Light." HortScience 39, no. 5 (2004): 969–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.5.969.

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Summer pruning increases canopy light penetration and re-exposes spur leaves of the interior canopy of apple trees (Malus ×domestica Borkh.). However, we hypothesized that leaf photosynthetic ability is determined by the pre-pruning light environment, and the re-exposure intensity after summer pruning is incapable of restoring the photosynthesis efficiency of shaded leaves. To test this hypothesis, a commercial-type thinning-cuts pruning was applied to mature central leader `Empire'/M.26 apple trees. Changes in light availability, leaf net photosynthesis (Pn), photosystem II efficiency, and sp

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19

Reich, Lee. "Carbohydrates in the Apple Tree: Effects Associated with Pruning and Deblossoming." HortScience 20, no. 2 (1985): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.2.238.

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Abstract Levels of carbohydrates in trunk plugs and dry matter distribution on 13-year-old ‘Imperial McIntosh’/Mailing (M) 26 apple trees were measured in response to deblossoming and dormant pruning treatments. Pruning alone decreased the concentration of starch by 58%. Pruning had no significant effect on total shoot or fruit dry weight. Deblossoming increased concentrations of sucrose and fructose and total shoot dry weight, but had no effect on the spur system dry weight. The decrease in starch concentration due to pruning was offset by deblossoming, whereas the increase in fructose level

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20

Schupp, James R., and David C. Ferree. "Effects of Root Pruning at Four Levels of Severity on Growth and Yield of ‘Melrose’/M.26 Apple Trees." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, no. 2 (1988): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.2.194.

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Abstract Vigorous 15-year-old ‘Melrose’/M.26 apple (Malus domestica Borkh) trees were mechanically root-pruned annually for 4 years at full bloom on two sides of the trunk at a distance of 60 or 80 cm and to a depth of 25 or 50 cm at each distance. Compared to unpruned controls, trees that were root-pruned had reduced trunk cross-sectional area, shoot length, leaf size, pre-harvest fruit drop, fruit size, and pruning time. Although fruit yield was unaffected, yield efficiency, fruit color, and soluble solids were increased by root pruning. Canopy light penetration was increased, as was spur qu

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21

Barcia, Fernando, Jorge Prieto, and Eduardo Rafael Trentacoste. "Effects of mechanical box pruning intensity on bud development, vegetative growth, and yield components on cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon in Mendoza, Argentina." OENO One 57, no. 3 (2023): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2023.57.3.7475.

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Mechanised winter pruning is increasingly being used to reduce the high costs of manual pruning. Mechanised pruning is non-selective, and for its optimal application, the definition of pruning intensity is necessary to achieve the target yield and grape quality. Our objectives were to evaluate the effects of three intensities of mechanical box pruning compared to a manual pruning treatment on spur length, the number of retained buds, budburst, shoot growth, and development; yield components and berry composition, and vine balance. Treatments corresponded to three mechanical pruning intensities

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22

Mierowska, Anna, Norbert Keutgen, Marius Huysamer, and Valdon Smith. "Photosynthetic acclimation of apple spur leaves to summer-pruning." Scientia Horticulturae 92, no. 1 (2002): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4238(01)00275-8.

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23

Bruez, Emilie, Céline Cholet, Massimo Giudici, et al. "Pruning Quality Effects on Desiccation Cone Installation and Wood Necrotization in Three Grapevine Cultivars in France." Horticulturae 8, no. 8 (2022): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8080681.

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Pruning experimental studies have been performed in different vineyards, in France, USA and Australia. This article investigates and models the effects of pruning quality on the installation of desiccation cones and wood necrotization. Two different modalities of pruning, short and high pruning, were performed at the same period each year on three cultivars in Bordeaux (Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc) and Charente (Ugni Blanc) wine regions. In the short typ of pruning, the diaphragm was damaged but, in the high one, a 2–3 cm woody length was left immediately above the diaphragm. None o

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24

Barden, John A., and Richard P. Marini. "318 Interrelationships among Cumulative Yield, Scion Weight, and Trunk Cross-sectional Area of Apple Trees." HortScience 34, no. 3 (1999): 497E—497. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.497e.

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Productivity of perennial fruit plants depends to a sizeable degree on partitioning of assimilates between vegetative and reproductive structures. Cultivars and rootstocks modify the partitioning pattern, but there are very few data published on these relationships. The termination of a long-term evaluation of standard-growing and spur-type strains of `Delicious' and `Golden Delicious' on several dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks and interstocks provided an excellent opportunity to assess the relationships among cumulative yield, scion weight, and trunk cross-sectional area (TCA). Cultivars were

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25

Pittcock, J. Kim, Richard E. Durham, Roy E. Mitchell, William L. Lipe, and Timothy E. Elkner. "Relative Vigor Following a Severe Freeze of 18 Wine-grape Varieties at Brownfield, Texas." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 845A—845. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.845a.

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Texas Tech Univ., in collaboration with the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Lubbock, maintains a research vineyard at Brownfield. Texas. Thirty-one wine-grape varieties are being evaluated for performance on the Texas High Plains. The vines were planted on their own roots in a completely randomized design with four replications and two plants per replication. The average rainfall, including supplemental irrigation, was ≈550 mm/year. Sufficient data exist for comparison of 18 varieties during the 1992–1994 seasons, following a severe freeze in Nov. 1991. The vines were trained to a horiz

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26

Botelho, Manuel, Amândio Cruz, Jorge Ricardo-da-Silva, Rogério de Castro, and Henrique Ribeiro. "Mechanical Pruning and Soil Fertilization with Distinct Organic Amendments in Vineyards of Syrah: Effects on Vegetative and Reproductive Growth." Agronomy 10, no. 8 (2020): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081090.

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The effects of fully mechanized pruning systems on physiology, vigor and yield of grapevines have been studied for more than forty years and are an interesting way to reduce production costs. Organic amending of vineyard soil is a way to increase vine productivity. Thus, this study aims to understand the effects of the interaction between these two practices, on vine growth and productivity. Two trial fields were implemented on Shiraz vineyards in 2 different wine regions. Mechanical hedge pruning was compared with hand spur pruning and four different organic amendments were tested: biochar; m

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27

Forshey, C. G., and C. A. Marmo. "Pruning and Deblossoming Effects on Shoot Growth and Leaf Area of ‘McIntosh’ Apple Trees." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 110, no. 2 (1985): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.2.128.

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Abstract Fourteen-year-old ‘McIntosh’/M 26 apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) were deblossomed, pruned, or deblossomed and pruned, and separated into different shoot and leaf types after harvest. Both deblossoming and pruning increased shoot growth; the former by increasing shoot numbers and the latter by increasing mean shoot length. In spite of differences in total shoot growth, there were no differences in the relative proportions of the 3 shoot types. Treatment did not affect total leaf area, but both deblossoming and pruning increased the proportion of shoot leaves with corresponding de

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28

Nunez-Elisea, Roberto, and Lilia Caldeira. "Selective Summer Pruning as a Tool to Develop Compact `Sweetheart' Sweet Cherry Trees on Mazzard Rootstock." HortScience 41, no. 4 (2006): 996A—996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.996a.

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We tested two severities and four timings of summer pruning in 2-year-old `Sweetheart' (P. avium L.) trees on seedling mazzard (P. avium L.) rootstock to evaluate growth and precocity responses. Trees were planted at 3.6 m × 5.6 m (497 trees/ha). Canopies consisted of three to four scaffolds and about 20 current-season shoots. All shoots on summer-pruned trees (n=6) were either headed or tipped on 24 June, 9 July, 26 July, or 9 Aug. 2004. Control trees were trained as steep leaders, with comparative current season shoots left intact. Trees had no bloom in 2004 and negligible bloom or fruiting

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29

Oh, Sung-Do, and G. Bunemann. "SEASONAL CHANGES OF ASPARAGINE AND ARGININE CONTENTS IN SPUR BUDS, LEAF BUDS, AND FLOWER BUDS INDUCED BY SUMMER PRUNING IN `FUJI' AND `JONAGOLD' APPLE TREE." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 614a—614. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.614a.

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Asparagine and arginine contents in spur buds, leaf buds and terminal buds of shoot were compared in Fuji and Jonagold apple trees during dormant and growing season. Amino acid contents in dormant spur buds were significantly higher in Jonagold than in Fuji, whereas the amino acid contents in shoot bark were not different in two cultivars. Asparagine and arginine contents were considerably higher in leaf and terminal buds of shoot. This phenomenon was quite obvious in Fuji than Jonagold but there was no significant difference in asparagine and arginine contents in spur buds. Flower buds differ

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30

Curry, Eric A. "761 PB 187 DIFFERENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF ANTHOCYANINS IN BAGGED `DELICIOUS' AND `FUJI' APPLES." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 542a—542. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.542a.

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Within red cultivars, highly colored apples are often preferred. In addition to being esthetically more appealing. better color often indicates riper, better tasting fruit. Anthocyanin synthesis in apples is influenced by many external factors including light, temperature, nutrition, pruning, thinning, growth regulators, and bagging. Bagging is the practice of enclosing young fruitlets in several layers of paper to promote color development after the bag is removed in the fall before harvest. In experiments related to the temperature optimum of color development in various cultivars, bagging w

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31

Walsh, C. S., F. J. Allnutt, G. R. Welsh, and R. H. Zimmerman. "Studies of the Vigor and Productivity of Micropropagated Trees." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 793B—793. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.793b.

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A planting to compare budded apple trees (M7a, Ml11) and tissue-culture-(TC) propagated trees was established in 1985. `Golden Delicious' and `Gala' trees were more productive than other cultivars and appeared better-suited to micropropagation. High cumulative yields per tree were harvested regardless of rootstock. `McIntosh', `Delicious', `Mutsu', and `MacSpur' trees were less precocious and more responsive to size-controlling rootstocks. To control tree size prior to bearing and minimize propagation time, trees were set as containerized transplants in a subsequent trial begun in 1986. Small

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32

Pellegrino, Anne, Deidre Blackmore, Peter Clingeleffer, and Rob Walker. "Comparison of methods for determining budburst date in grapevine." OENO One 56, no. 1 (2022): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2022.56.1.4751.

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Methods for determining budburst date in grapevine are poorly documented. Budburst date defined from cumulative shoots burst (or arising) and cumulative buds burst (expressed as % of total) were compared using different cultivars, pruning systems and irrigation treatments and assessed at the plant, bearer and individual bud level. The study was conducted at three sites within an Australian vineyard over two years on mechanical pruned Chardonnay and Cabernet-Sauvignon; mechanical, spur and minimally pruned Shiraz; and control, regulated and prolonged deficit irrigated Cabernet-Sauvignon. Budbur

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33

Giordano, Lucia, Tommaso Frioni, Stefano Poni, and Alberto Palliotti. "Double-Pruning: preventive technique against spring frost damage." BIO Web of Conferences 44 (2022): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224402004.

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The double pruning technique on Sangiovese vines, based on pre-pruning in February and finishing in April, induced a delay of bud break, which is an approach to avoid spring frost damage. The field experiment was conducted on Sangiovese vines mechanically spur-pruned during dormancy in February and manually finished post budburst to test the potential of ‘double-pruning’ approach to prevent the spring frost damage. This technique, associated with the finishing performed when the apical shoots on the mechanically-shortened canes were about 10 cm long, allowed to keep the basal buds in a dormant

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34

Campbell, Thiago, James R. Schupp, and Richard P. Marini. "Converting Tall Spindle Apple Trees to Narrow Walls with Summer and Dormant Hedging Plus Root Pruning." HortScience 58, no. 6 (2023): 620–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16927-23.

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Recently, some commercial apple growers have been adopting hedging as an alternative or supplement to hand-pruning. With increasing labor costs across the United States, alternatives to hand-pruning and current training systems are being considered. One management strategy involves transitioning tall spindle trees to a narrow tree wall and simplifying labor-intensive activities of apple production, such as pruning, harvesting, and fruit thinning. The objective is to form the orchard system into a “fruiting wall” that makes fruit more visible and accessible, thus facilitating harvesting. Four m

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Southwick, Stephen M., and James T. Yeager. "TREE TRAINING PROCEDURES FOR HIGH-DENSITY SWEET CHERRY PRODUCTION ON VIGOROUS ROOTSTOCKS." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1122d—1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1122d.

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Sweet cherries produce vigorous upright growth from Apr.-Sept. and are slow to bear in California. Our tree training objectives include earlier bearing, easier harvesting, high productivity of good quality fruit. `Bing' cherry on mazzard and mahaleb rootstock were planted in 7 blocks and trained 6 ways. One group was headed 12-18 inches above the bud union and 4 branches were retained at the 1st dormant pruning. Lateral buds were treated with promalin at bud-break to induce lateral shoot formation. Trees were spring-summer pruned to reduce terminal growth. At the second dormant pruning, strong

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Silwal, Abhisesh, Francisco Yandun, Anjana Nellithimaru, Terry Bates, and George Kantor. "Bumblebee: A Path Towards Fully Autonomous Robotic Vine Pruning." Field Robotics 2, no. 1 (2022): 1661–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.55417/fr.2022051.

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Dormant season grapevine pruning requires skilled seasonal workers, but they are becoming less available. As workers hasten to prune more vines in less time due to the short-term seasonal hiring culture and low wages, vines are often pruned inconsistently, leading to imbalanced grapevines. In addition, grapevines cannot be pruned selectively using currently existing mechanical methods, thus manual follow-up operations are often required, further increasing production cost. In this paper, we present the design and field evaluation of a rugged and fully autonomous robot for end-to-end pruning of

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Botelho, Manuel, Henrique Ribeiro, Amândio Cruz, et al. "Mechanical pruning and soil organic amendments in vineyards of ‘Syrah’: effects on wine mineral composition." Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 36, no. 2 (2021): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ctv/ctv20213602151.

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The interaction of mechanized pruning systems and soil organic amendment can affect vine vegetative and reproductive growth. However, since organic amendments supply several mineral elements, namely heavy metals, this study aimed to understand the effects of the interaction between these two practices on the mineral composition of wine. Two field trials were implemented in ‘Syrah’ vineyards in two Portuguese wine regions (Lisboa and Tejo). Mechanical hedge pruning was compared with hand spur pruning and four different organic amendments were tested: biochar, municipal solid waste compost, catt

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Botelho, Manuel, Henrique Ribeiro, Amândio Cruz, et al. "Mechanical pruning and soil organic amendments in vineyards of Syrah: effects on grape composition." OENO One 55, no. 1 (2021): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.1.4512.

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Aim: The interaction of mechanized pruning systems and soil organic amendment can increase vine productivity. However, since the increase in productivity may affect grape composition, this study aimed to understand the effects of the interaction between these two practices.Methods and materials: Two field trials were implemented in Shiraz vineyards in two different wine regions. Mechanical hedge pruning was compared with hand spur pruning and four different organic amendments were tested: biochar, municipal solid waste compost, cattle manure and sewage sludge.Results: Mechanical pruning reduce

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Guimond, Charlotte M., Preston K. Andrews, and Gregory A. Lang. "Scanning Electron Microscopy of Floral Initiation in Sweet Cherry." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123, no. 4 (1998): 509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.123.4.509.

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Flower initiation and development in `Bing' sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) was examined using scanning electron microscopy. There was a 1- to 2-week difference in the time of initiation of flower buds on summer pruned current season shoots (P) compared to buds borne on unpruned shoots (U) or spurs (S). By late July, this difference was obvious in morphological development. The P buds had already formed floral primordia, while the S and U buds showed little differentiation in the meristem until early August. In general, buds from unpruned shoots were similar developmentally to spur buds. By lat

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Todaro, Thomas M., and Imed E. Dami. "Trunk Renewal Methods for Recovery of ‘Cabernet franc’ Grapevines after Winter Injury in Ohio." HortTechnology 28, no. 3 (2018): 382–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03997-18.

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‘Cabernet franc’ grapevines (Vitis vinifera) sustained severe winter injuries of all aboveground parts following two consecutive freezing events in 2014 and 2015 in Ohio. To ensure grapevine recovery, adjustment of pruning and training practices must be accomplished. However, optimum training of new shoots for trunk replacement was not known and research-based information on this topic was lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate different training and pruning methods for trunk renewal and recovery of ‘Cabernet franc’ and their impacts on growth, yield, cropload, and fruit

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Unrath, C. R. "BAS-125, A Promising Vegetative Growth Control Chemical for Bearing Apples." HortScience 32, no. 3 (1997): 557D—557. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.557d.

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Handgun applications on bearing spur `Red Delicious' evaluated both timing and concentration. At season's end, single 250-ppm applications at petal fall (PF), PF+7, +14 or +21 days reduced growth by 47% to 67%. Concentration of 125, 250, and 375 ppm @ PF+7 were all effective (45% to 55% reduction). Number of pruning cuts, pruning weight, and pruning time were all reduced. Applications at PF+0, +7 and +14 days increased fruit set, and, as a result, fruit weight trended lower. Airblast applications to `Top Red Delicious' applied at PF+3 weeks using 125, 250, and 500 ppm showed good initial growt

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Peppi, M. C., and E. Kania. "Effects of spur or cane pruning on fruit composition of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grapes." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1157 (April 2017): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2017.1157.3.

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Keutgen, Anna J., and Norbert Keutgen. "Acclimation of apple spur leaf nutrient concentrations and gas exchange to summer-pruning." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 164, no. 1 (2001): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1522-2624(200102)164:1<91::aid-jpln91>3.0.co;2-y.

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George, AP, RJ Nissen, and JA Baker. "Effects of hydrogen cyanamide in manipulating budburst and advancing fruit maturity of table grapes in south-eastern Queensland." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 28, no. 4 (1988): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9880533.

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Four times of winter pruning and hydrogen cyanamide application were evaluated for their effects on budburst, growth, flowering and yield of the table grape cultivar Muscat Hamburg in south- eastern Queensland (lat. 263.). Hydrogen cyanamide hastened budburst at all times of application. When cyanamide was applied 8-10 weeks before natural bud- burst, fruit maturity was advanced by 14-18 days, However, application within 4-6 weeks of natural bud-burst had little or no effect on time of fruit maturity. Low temperatures during flowering, which can adversely affect pollination, seed development a

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Allegro, Gianluca, Chiara Pastore, Gabriele Valentini, and Ilaria Filippetti. "Effects of delayed winter pruning on vine performance and grape composition in cv. Merlot." BIO Web of Conferences 13 (2019): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191304003.

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Delaying winter pruning until after budburst is a technique that can retard vine phenological phases and reduce grape sugar concentration at harvest. Given these characteristics, many studies have recently been conducted to verify the ability of pruning after budburst to contrast the negative effects of climate change. In our trial, vines of the cv. Merlot, trained to a VSP spur pruned cordon, were pre-pruned leaving 8 nodes per shoot and hand finished when the shoots sprouted by the apical nodes were at BBCH13 (treatment LP) and BBCH18 stage (treatment VLP). Vines refinished during winter wer

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FRIEND, ADAM P., and MICHAEL C. T. TROUGHT. "Delayed winter spur-pruning in New Zealand can alter yield components of Merlot grapevines." Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 13, no. 3 (2007): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0238.2007.tb00246.x.

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Scorza, Ralph. "GENETIC MANIPULATION OF TREE FRUIT ARCHITECTURE." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1177d—1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1177d.

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The genetically available range in tree fruit architecture has not been fully utilized for tree fruit breeding or production. Higher planting densities, new training systems, high coats of pruning, the need to eliminate ladders in the orchard, and mechanized harvesting require a re-evaluation of tree architecture. Dwarf, semidwarf, columnar, and spur-type trees may be more efficient than standard tree forms, especially when combined with specific production systems. Studies of the growth of novel tree types and elucidation of the inheritance of growth habit components may allow breeders to com

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Williams, Max W. "Cultural and Chemical Control of Vegetative Growth of Deciduous Fruit Trees: Introduction to Workshop." HortScience 23, no. 3 (1988): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.3.460.

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Abstract Moderate to high vigor and maximum light penetration must be maintained in deciduous fruit trees to assure high yields of good quality fruit. To accomplish the balance between vigor and light penetration, control of excessive shoot growth is required. Dwarfing rootstocks and spur type scion cultivars are reasonably successful in controlling vegetative growth. However, some species have few adequate rootstocks or spur type scions to help control tree growth. Furthermore, even with the best possible combination of rootstock and scion for a particular orchard site, there are periods in t

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Elfving, D. C., and R. A. Cline. "Growth and Productivity of Vigorous `Northern Spy'/MM.106 Apple Trees in Response to Annually Applied Growth Control Techniques." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 115, no. 2 (1990): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.115.2.212.

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Beginning in 1982, daminozide (DZ) was applied annually for 5 years to whole, 5-year-old `Northern Spy'/MM.106 (Malus domestics Borkh.) trees: a) shortly after bloom, b) together with ethephon (ETH) 6 to 7 weeks after bloom, or c) after harvest. Controls were unsprayed. One-half of the trees receiving each growth regulator treatment were summer-pruned after terminal-bud formation each year. Postharvest DZ reduced shoot numbers, mean shoot length, trunk enlargement, and fruit size, but had little or no effect on bloom, fruit set, or yield. Postbloom DZ, summer DZ plus ETH, and summer-pruning re

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Hatch, Tremain A., Mizuho Nita, and Tony K. Wolf. "Vegetative and Reproductive Responses of Mature Cabernet Sauvignon Grapevines Converted from Spur Pruning to Cane Pruning at Five-Foot In-Row Vine Spacing." Catalyst: Discovery into Practice 3, no. 1 (2019): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/catalyst.2019.18004.

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