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Journal articles on the topic 'Sri Lanka History Civil War, 1983-'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Ganguly, Sumit. "Ending the Sri Lankan Civil War." Daedalus 147, no. 1 (2018): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00475.

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The Sri Lankan Civil War erupted in 1983 and dragged on until 2009. The origins of the conflict can be traced to Sri Lanka's colonial era and subsequent postcolonial policies that had significantly constrained the social and economic rights of the minority Tamil population. Convinced that political avenues for redressing extant grievances were unlikely to yield any meaningful results, a segment of the Tamil community turned to violence precipitating the civil war. A number of domestic, regional, and international efforts to bring about a peaceful solution to the conflict all proved to be futil

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2

SWARNAKAR, NEHA. "Complexities in the Re-Fashioning of a State through the Lens of Romesh Gunesekera's Noontide Toll." Akademos: An Interdisciplinary Journal Of Literature and Culture I, no. i (2021): 60–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5239841.

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After the outbreak of Elam War in Sri Lanka from 1983 to 2009, it takes only few years for the Sri Lankan forces to defeat the Tamil separatist guerrilla or LTTE. After that war the country seems to be standing at the cross-roads bewildered as to the direction it should take regarding the post war peace building and attempts to sort out the ethnic cohesion and inclusive developments. The end of a civil war does not necessarily mean the end of ethno political cohesion rather it redefines the war in the condition of no war. Romesh Gunesekera’s <em>Noontide Toll</em> (2014) revisits that sc

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Wijenayake, Nelson, Mingyi Du, and Jie Jiang. "Explore to Mantai, the Ancient Port-city and the International Trade-hub of Maritime Silk Road in Northern Coast of Sri Lanka." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4-2024 (October 21, 2024): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-2024-479-2024.

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Abstract. Mantai Ancient Port City is located in Mannar, Northern Coast of Sri Lanka, archeological reserves declared by the Department of Archeology in Sri Lanka. In concern with historical international trades for almost 2000 years, Mantai had been an excellent port city as discovered by 1980s investigations. Today, this historically valued archeology reserves are being covered by various unauthorized constructions. The artifacts found in 1980s excavations figured out in further research directives to unveil the ancient cultural and social relations that had been experienced over two millenn

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Campaign For Social Democracy. "Sri Lanka: the choice of two terrors." Race & Class 30, no. 3 (1989): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030639688903000306.

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While a stalemate in the predominantly Tamil North and East of Sri Lanka continues despite Indian intervention on the government's behalf, in the Sinhala South death squads associated with the pseudo People's Liberation Front, the JVP, have been ruthlessly eliminating its opponents. The United National Party (UNP) and the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), having created and nurtured popular racism for over thirty years in order to get into power (through a ready-made Sinhalese majority of 70 per cent of the population), * would now like to draw back from the brink of another crippling civil war,

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Venisha, D., and Yadamala Sreenivasulu. "Revisiting the Violence of Sri Lanka’s Civil War: A Study of Apocalypse as Portrayed in Shyam Selvadurai's Funny Boy." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 13, no. 9 (2023): 2423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1309.31.

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This study analyses the ethnic conflict and civil war in Sri Lanka after gaining independence as portrayed in Shyam Selvadurai’s Funny Boy. The aim is to determine if the violent acts committed against the minority group can amount to apocalypse. This research examines the concept of ethnic conflict and the apocalypse depicted in "Funny Boy" by Shyam Selvadurai. The analysis focuses on how ethnic conflict is portrayed in the novel. This study explores the thematic elements described in Shyam Selvadurai's novel Funny Boy, which provides a narrative account of the 1983 July riot in Sri Lanka. Th

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Fiaz, Kamran. "Situation Analysis of Nation Building Efforts in Sri Lanka: From Early Years of Independence to Contemporary Days." Forman Journal of Social Sciences 01, no. 01 (2021): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32368/fjss.20210105.

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Despite the smooth transition of power from the British colonists to the Sri Lankan Sinhalese in 1949, Sri Lanka inherited considerable challenges. There has been conflict between the Sinhalese and the Tamils post-independence which led to a long and brutal civil war from 1983 to 2009. After the culmination of the civil war, Sri Lanka confronted numerous obstacles in the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the country. Drawing from Birch’s model of national integration, this study attempts to examine the diverse political, economic, and social challenges facing Sri Lanka. The review shows tha

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Rincy, Saji, and Rajesh V. Nair Dr. "TRAVERSING WITH THE SPECTRE OF ETHNIC CONFLICT IN POST-WAR SRI LANKA: A STUDY OF ROMESH GUNESEKERA'S NOONTIDE TOLL." TRAVERSING WITH THE SPECTRE OF ETHNIC CONFLICT IN POST-WAR SRI LANKA: A STUDY OF ROMESH GUNESEKERA'S NOONTIDE TOLL 3, no. 2 (2024): 43–49. https://doi.org/10.53413/IJTELL.2022.03208.

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A decade after the cessation of the bloody Sri Lankancivil war (1983-2009), the island remains haunted bythe perils of the conflict in myriad manifestations. Thisarticle examines the enduring presence of the SriLankan ethnic divide as the spectre that haunts thepost-civil war Sri Lankan lives by problematizing theparadigms of memory and space. Considering aspectral approach to feature the post-war epoch in SriLanka, the study draws significantly from thetheoretical concept of Hauntology from JacquesDerrida’s Spectres of Marx (1993). For the study, theresearch examines Romesh Gunesekara&r

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Orjuela, Camilla. "Civil Society in Civil War: The Case of Sri Lanka." Civil Wars 7, no. 2 (2005): 120–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13698280500422884.

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Wickramasinghe, Nira. "After the War: A New Patriotism in Sri Lanka?" Journal of Asian Studies 68, no. 4 (2009): 1045–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911809990738.

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On May 19, 2009, the president of Sri Lanka, Mahinda Rajapaksa, dressed in his traditional white sarong and shirt, solemnly addressed Parliament: “The writ of the state now runs across every inch of our territory … we have completely defeated terrorism.” The same day, photographs of the corpse of the ruthless rebel leader Vellupillai Prabhakaran adorned all of the local newspapers. With his death, the secessionist war was over—this endless war that had pitted the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) against the security forces of the government of Sri Lanka since 1983. It had sunk deep into

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Bamunusinghe, S., and C. D. Senaratne. "Sri Lankan Anglophone Literature as a Mode for Dialogue and Reconciliation in the Portrayal of War in Sri Lanka (1983-2009)." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Review 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jsshr.v8i1.114.

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From ancient times, war has played a main role in the lives of people and has been a major theme for literature, history, and as well as for political discourses. The period between 1983-2009 marks the war that took place in Sri Lankan history, which impacted the country politically, culturally, and economically. The realms of Sri Lankan English, Sinhala, and Tamil literature also went through change during this period, and many fiction, poems, dramas, and films were composed in response to the war both during and in its aftermath. The Sri Lankan Anglophone writers: residential authors as well

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Karunaratne, H. Y. "Factors Affecting Foreign Direct Investments: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Wayamba Journal of Management 14, no. 1 (2023): 146–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7600.

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This research highlights the critical significance of Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) for Sri Lanka's economic development by examining the key factors influencing FDI inflows. The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and the Chow test, utilizing annual data spanning from 1972 to 2018. Three baskets of independent variables are considered: macroeconomic factors (GDP growth rate, inflation, trade openness, and external debt), infrastructure (communication as a proxy), and qualitative indicators (political rights index).The analysis reveals that external debt negativel

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Abdul Halik. A. F, Rifka Nusrath. G. M, and S. Umashankar. "Ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka: An analytical study based on Post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 3 (2022): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1199.

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Sri Lanka is a multi-communal country that consists of four major ethnicities, namely: Sinhalese, Tamils and Muslims.The country has experienced several ethnical conflicts and riots since 1948. As a result, certain literary works in post-colonial Sri Lankan literature deals with war and ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka. On this basis, this study was conducted to analyze the post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature in relation to ethnical conflicts in Sri Lanka. This study was an analytical research. In this study, the poem “Gajaga wannama” and the drama “Rasanayagam’s Last Riot” were analyzed

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Sonia, Dey. "Analysing the Sri Lankan civil war through the lens of conflict resolution theory." Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations 2 (June 9, 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/stomiedintrelat.17410.2.

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The Sri Lankan ethnic conflict can be identified as a landmark event in recent history, reflecting a visible social disunion between the majority and minority ethnic communities. Sri Lanka witnessed a major turnover of events, from circumscribed ethnic clashes to a full-scale civil war. The ripple effects of the Sri Lankan civil war crossed borders and drew global attention. The crisis involved successive governments in power in Colombo and Tamil separatist group, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), paving way for the deadliest social unrest in Sri Lankan history. To mediate the conflict

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Karunanayake, Ashawarie. "Constructing the image of soldiers by using newspaper media during the final phase of war in Sri Lanka." Volume 2, Issue 2 2, no. 2 (2021): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47243/jos.2.2.03.

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Sri Lanka has experienced an ethnic conflict for nearly three decades (1983-2009). As of any conflict, military forces have played a key role by actively involving in the battlefield during this war. However, it was evident that during different phases of the war in Sri Lanka, the acceptance and the reputation of the armed forces by the civil society have subjected to a great extent of variation. Although protecting the country was their duty, criticisms directed against them because of their military actions. In this context, there was an active attempt to legitimize battle, and media was wid

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Ganz, Shoshannah. "“The Reason for War is War”: Western and Eastern Interrogations of Violence in Michael Ondaatje’s Anil’s Ghost." East-West Cultural Passage 20, no. 2 (2020): 94–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ewcp-2020-0013.

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Abstract Michael Ondaatje’s Anil’s Ghost (2000) is set in civil war-torn Sri Lanka. This contemporary violent moment becomes a rupture through which the writer interrogates the division between Western and Eastern ways of approaching a violent situation. This essay sets out to investigate historical instances of violence and justifications for violence in the Buddhist context. The essay then turns to Buddhist scholars’ contemporary critical examination of violence and war in light of the teachings of ancient Buddhist texts. Then, having established the Buddhist history and contemporary debate

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Abdul, Halik. A. F., Nusrath. G. M. Rifka, and Umashankar S. "Ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka: An analytical study based on Post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 3 (2022): 655–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7903511.

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Sri Lanka is a multi-communal country that consists of four major ethnicities, namely: Sinhalese, Tamils and Muslims.The country has experienced several ethnical conflicts and riots since 1948. As a result, certain literary works in post-colonial Sri Lankan literature deals with war and ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka. On this basis, this study was conducted to analyze the post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature in relation to ethnical conflicts in Sri Lanka. This study was an analytical research. In this study, the poem “Gajaga wannama” and the drama “Rasanayagam’s L

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17

DeVotta, Neil. "Buddhist Majoritarianism and Ethnocracy in Sri Lanka." Sociological Bulletin 70, no. 4 (2021): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00380229211052143.

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Majoritarianism rarely, if ever, accompanies good governance, and Sri Lanka is a case in point. Unwilling to build on a history of pluralism, the island’s post-independence elites manipulated ethnoreligious fissures for political gain. Besides leading to a civil war that lasted nearly three decades, it has also unleashed violence on Muslims and Christians even as the island has consolidated its status as a Sinhalese Buddhist ethnocracy. The ensuing political Buddhism has compromised Buddhism and democracy and placed the country on a militarised and authoritarian trajectory.

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Shabbir, Taha, and Kehkashan Naz. "The political development in Sri Lanka after civil war ended: a critical review for after Zarb-e-Azb operation in Pakistan." International Journal of Humanities and Innovation (IJHI) 4, no. 2 (2021): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33750/ijhi.v4i2.110.

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The Sri Lankan civil war began in 1983 and lasted until 2009. The tension stems from Sri Lanka's colonial period and subsequent post-colonial policies that harmed the Tamil people. Without viable alternatives, a part of the Tamil population resorted to the degree of brutality that precipitated a second civil war. Regional, domestic, and global attempts to bring the war to a halt have been futile, though some more local measures have been active. A ruthless military campaign brought the conflict to an end. However, nothing has been done in the aftermath of the war to try to resolve the civil wa

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Bass, Danial. "Deborah Winslow and Michael Woost, eds. Economy, Culture, and Civil War in Sri Lanka. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2004." Comparative Studies in Society and History 48, no. 2 (2006): 496–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041750622019x.

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The ten authors in this volume address critical concerns about the economics of civil war in Sri Lanka, including how prolonged war affects economic development, why people volunteer to join the military during wartime, and who is benefiting economically from this violence. The collected essays provide analytical and methodological insight for scholars studying conflict and war throughout the world, and its authors question the economics of the current war on terrorism.

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Kupriyanov, A. "Sri Lanka Crisis: The Long Shadow of Neocolonialism." World Economy and International Relations 68, no. 3 (2024): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2024-68-3-79-89.

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The article is devoted to the study of the causes of the economic and political crisis in Sri Lanka (2019 – present) through the prism of the complex approach based on the post-colonial research paradigm. The author considers the three most affected sectors of the economy of Sri Lanka: agriculture, the textile and apparel industry and tourism. All of them in their present form are products of the modern era, formed under the influence of colonial and neo-colonial practices and provided Sri Lanka with a specific place in the world economic system as a producer of plantation crops (primarily tea

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Liyanage, A. I., N. H. Priyankara, and L. S. Sooriyabandara. "Seepage in Existing Earthen Dams in Sri Lanka." Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka 58, no. 1 (2025): 159–69. https://doi.org/10.4038/engineer.v58i1.7686.

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In Sri Lanka, most of the irrigation reservoirs were constructed by ancient Kings and these were made using earthen dams. The main purpose of constructing these reservoirs was to supply water to the irrigation fields. It can be noted that most of the earthen dams are situated in the dry zone, especially North central, North and East of Sri Lanka. Even though, Sri Lanka has a very popular history of construction of earthen dams, condition assessments of earthen dams were not been properly addressed as Sri Lanka was conquered and controlled by Europeans for about 400 years, as well as 30 years o

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Wanigasekera, Vipula. "Overcoming cross-cultural differences in post-war Sri Lanka: the case of Jetwing in Jaffna." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 11, no. 2 (2019): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-12-2018-0082.

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Purpose Cross-cultural differences must be taken into consideration for tourism development. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the importance of cross-cultural differences in a location which is emerging from a dark period after a prolonged war caused by ethnic differences. Design/methodology/approach While the existing tourism models deal with the impact of cross-cultural differences, it is difficult to apply them in certain situations, such as postwar Sri Lanka. The study therefore adopted an inductive, qualitative approach where information has been obtained from all stakeholder

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MAUNAGURU, SIDHARTHAN, and JONATHAN SPENCER. "‘You Can Do Anything With a Temple’: Religion, philanthropy, and politics in South London and Sri Lanka." Modern Asian Studies 52, no. 1 (2018): 186–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x17000385.

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AbstractOur title quotation is taken from an interview with the chief trustee of a leading Hindu temple in south London, and captures the curious mixture of philanthropy, politics, and individual ambition that has emerged around Sri Lankan Tamil temples in the diaspora. During the long years of civil war, temples became centres of mobilization for the growing Tamil diaspora, and were often accused of channelling funds to the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) and its various front organizations. Since the end of the war, in 2009, the same temples now support orphanages and other good work

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Muhammad Saekul Mujahidin. "Extremism and Islamophobia Against the Muslim Minority in Sri Lanka." American Journal of Islam and Society 40, no. 1-2 (2023): 213–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v40i1-2.3135.

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Sri Lanka has witnessed many examples of anti-Muslim sentiment and violence since the end of the civil war, especially in 2014 when ethnic unrest affected many. Sinhalese monks and Buddhists appear to have played an important role in the unrest. The long war and ethnonationalist ideology have resulted in a political-religious shift associated with “Buddhist extremism,” which has an association with rioting and aggression against Muslims. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the attitude of Buddhist extremists in Sri Lanka towards Muslim minorities varies from time to time. This stud

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Nandha, Aparna, and Sanra Reji. "Haunted by the Past: Understanding History and the Aftermath of War in Michael Ondaatje’s Anil’s Ghost." arcadia 58, no. 1 (2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arcadia-2023-2004.

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Abstract This article explores the spectral presence of the past in the form of skulls and emotional trauma in a story about a country ravaged by a protracted war. It analyzes Anil’s Ghost (2000), a novel by Michael Ondaatje, a Sri Lankan Canadian writer renowned for constructing revisionist and fictional historiographic narratives. The novel speaks about a phase of the ethno-nationalist civil war in contemporary Sri Lanka, and the article expounds on the deconstruction and understanding of war and history as represented in this piece of fiction. In deprecating a unilateral and cohesive repres

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Rathnayake, Chithrangani WM, Simon Jones, and Mariela Soto-Berelov. "Mapping Land Cover Change over a 25-Year Period (1993–2018) in Sri Lanka Using Landsat Time-Series." Land 9, no. 1 (2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9010027.

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Land use and land cover change (LULCC) are dynamic over time and space due to human and biophysical factors. Accurate and up-to-date LULCC information is a mandatory part of environmental change analysis and natural resource management. In Sri Lanka, there is a significant temporal gap in the existing LULCC information due to the civil war that took place from 1983 to 2009. In order to fill this gap, this study presents a whole-country LULCC map for Sri Lanka over a 25-year period using Landsat time-series imagery from 1993 to 2018. The LandTrendr change detection algorithm, utilising the norm

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Duncan, Ross, and Mieke Lopes Cardozo. "Reclaiming reconciliation through community education for the Muslims and Tamils of post-war Jaffna, Sri Lanka." Research in Comparative and International Education 12, no. 1 (2017): 76–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499917696425.

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This paper explores the possibilities and challenges for ethno-religious reconciliation through secondary school education in post-war Sri Lanka, with a specific focus on the Muslim and Tamil communities in the Northern city of Jaffna. In doing so, we position our paper within the growing field of ‘education, conflict and emergencies’ of which there has been a growing body of literature discussing this contentious relationship. The paper draws from an interdisciplinary and critical theoretical framework that aims to analyse the role of education for peacebuilding, through a multi-scalar applic

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Higashida, Masateru, Joseph Soosai, and Jacob Robert. "The Impact of Community-Based Rehabilitation in a Post-Conflict Environment of Sri Lanka." Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development 28, no. 1 (2017): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/dcid.v1i1.607.

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Purpose: Conflict and disability are closely associated; it is therefore significant to examine strategies at the grassroots-level for restoring the human rights of people with disabilities living in post-conflict societies. The aim of this study is to reveal the impact of and issues with community-based rehabilitation (CBR) in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka that was ravaged by civil war from 1983 to 2009.Methods: The research was implemented in October 2016, in collaboration with a local NGO in the Mullaitivu district. A mixed-methods approach was followed, which included quantitative ana

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Swathy, P., and S. Sudha. "An Analysis of the Psychological Turmoil Experienced by Munaweera’s Female Characters in Island of a Thousand Mirrors." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 11, S2-March (2024): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v11is2-march.7509.

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The study aims to explore the psychological impact of war on Munaweera’s women in the novel Island of a Thousand Mirrors. This article will be focusing on the trauma experienced by female protagonists who were on opposing sides of Sri Lanka’s civil war and who simultaneously played the roles of terrorist and refugee will be discussed. This novel depicts the ethnic violence that exists in the nation and tells the horrific stories of families who both fled and remained in Sri Lanka. Nayomi Munaweera attempts to capture how war upends the lives of regular people in her book. She retells the stori

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Sonia, Dey. "Analysing the Sri Lankan civil war through the lens of conflict resolution theory." Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations 2 (January 19, 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/stomiedintrelat.17410.1.

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The Sri Lankan ethnic conflict can be identified as a landmark event in recent history, reflecting a visible social disunion between the majority and minority ethnic communities. Sri Lanka witnessed a major turnover of events, from circumscribed ethnic clashes to a full-scale civil war. The ripple effects of this Sri Lankan civil war crossed borders and it was neighbouring India that bore the brunt. Responding to the crisis, the Sri Lankan government deployed forces to contain the growing insurgency and involved external powers for added assistance. Neutral third parties were also involved for

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McIntosh, Esther M. "Transitional Local Governance and Minority Political Participation in Post War Sri Lanka." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 2 (2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i2.13277.

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In 2011, two years after the end of Sri Lanka’s bitter civil war that spanned three decades, there were more than 600,000 Tamil minority citizens in the country’s Northern Province eligible to vote in local government elections, which took place for the first time since 1998 . The Sri Lankan Tamils, the country’s largest minority group, make up 15.9% of the total population and are geographically concentrated in the northern province where they make up 93% of the population. The northern province looms large in the contemporary socio-political history of Sri Lanka. It was not only the physical

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Wickramasinghe, Nira. "A Country in Abeyance." Current History 122, no. 843 (2023): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2023.122.843.131.

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Amid an economic meltdown in 2022, a nonviolent citizens movement in Sri Lanka ousted Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa and President Gotabaya Rajapaksa, brothers from a family that had dominated national politics since 2005. But Parliament filled the presidential vacancy with Ranil Wickremesinghe, a six-time former prime minister seen as a proxy for his predecessors. After a draconian crackdown on protesters, the streets have quieted. But the country’s underlying economic and political crisis, which has roots in the early postcolonial period and the civil war, and was worsened by the Rajapaksa

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Monaragala, R. M. M. "Exploring the effects of the past civil war in terms of the prevalence and associating factors of PTSD." Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry 14, no. 2 (2024): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8465.

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The Sri Lanka Army experienced a civil war, which ended in 2009. PTSD is a chronic psychological complication following trauma associated with war, and this study intends to explore the extent of PTSD ten years after the civil war in the Army.Aims:This study aimed at describing the prevalence of PTSD and its associated factors among armed personnel with combat experience.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in 2019, in the East of Sri Lanka with a total sample of 3365. The other ranks were selected from 71 clusters by multi-stage cluster sampling method whilst the officers were

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Long, Ahmad Sunawari, Khaidzir Hj Ismail, Kamarudin Salleh, Saadiah Kumin, Halizah Omar, and Ahamed Sarjoon Razick. "An Analysis of the Post-War Community Relations between Buddhists and Muslims in Sri Lanka: A Muslim’s Perspective." Journal of Politics and Law 9, no. 6 (2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v9n6p42.

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Sri Lanka is a multi-ethnic, multi-religious country comprising four of the world’s major religions: Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam and Christianity. Buddhists are the predominant ethnic group, constituting 70.19% of the total population, while Muslims make up the second largest minority in the country. There are many records in the history to prove well the cordial relationship between Buddhists and Muslims in Sri Lanka. However, in the past couple of years, particularly during the aftermath of the civil war, tension may be observed in the relationship between these two religious groups. This is d

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MACKEE, JAMIE, JEFFREY OBBARD, and CLIVE BRIFFETT. "ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT IN SRI LANKA: ITS STATUS AND THE POTENTIAL FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 03, no. 02 (2001): 209–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333201000674.

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Sri Lanka is an island republic situated off the southern tip of the Indian subcontinent. It has a long and continuous recorded history dating back approximately 2,500 years, and claims to have one of the oldest nature reserves in the world. However, Environmental Assessment (EA) in the country has a much shorter history. This can be traced back to the early eighties and the dramatic change in economic policies when initial legislation was enacted. The final three amendments to this legislation making EAs mandatory came into force in 1993, although there were some EIAs predating this legislati

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KLEM, BART, and SIDHARTHAN MAUNAGURU. "Public Authority Under Sovereign Encroachment: Leadership in two villages during Sri Lanka's war." Modern Asian Studies 52, no. 3 (2018): 784–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000445.

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AbstractIn this article, we compare two kinds of public authority under conditions of civil war. We study two villages in eastern Sri Lanka, both of which came under LTTE rule during the 1990s and 2000s. The first case study describes a rural development society, which was co-opted by the LTTE to rule the village. The second describes the leaders of a Hindu temple, who defied LTTE attempts to settle temple-related conflicts. Conceptually, we draw on the notion of the public sphere as a space of encounter between the rulers and the ruled. This perspective helps us come to grips with the convolu

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Rawat, Sudha. "Politics of Language and Education: An evaluation of Tamil Separatism in the Sri Lankan civil war." Journal of Language and Linguistics in Society, no. 21 (January 8, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jlls.21.1.8.

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Sri Lanka, at present, is haunted by memories and experiences of the protracted ethnic conflict which lasted for nearly three decades due extremities of extrajudicial and rampant killings, suicide bombing, and human rights violation. The war was mainly fought between the Liberation of Tamil Tiger (LTTE) and Sinhalese dominated state government. At the primary level, the conflict is viewed as the manifestation of ancient ethnic rivalry between the Tamil minority and the Sinhala majority. However, the causes of this conflict are far more complex than ethnic differences among the communities and

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STRATHERN, ALAN. "Vijaya and Romulus: Interpreting the Origin myths of Sri Lanka and Rome." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 24, no. 1 (2013): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186313000527.

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AbstractThe story of Vijaya, has long been central to the Sinhalese idea of themselves as a distinct ethnic group of Aryan origin with ancient roots in the island of Lanka. The ‘national’ chronicle of the Sinhalese, the Mahāvaṃsa (circa fifth century ce) presents Vijaya, an exiled prince from India descended from a lion, as the founder hero of Sinhala civilisation. In a companion article to this, I argued that the narrative of Vijaya and other founder-heroes in the Mahāvaṃsa revolves around the theme of transgression, and that this puzzling fact can only be explained by a consideration of the

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Pfaffenberger, Bryan. "The Political Construction of Defensive Nationalism: The 1968 Temple-Entry Crisis in Northern Sri Lanka." Journal of Asian Studies 49, no. 1 (1990): 78–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2058434.

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In the same year (1968) that students blockaded the streets of Paris, the formerly somnolent Jaffna Peninsula—the center of Tamil culture in Sri Lanka—was rocked by its own version of civil unrest. Led by an activist affiliated with the “Peking wing” of the Ceylon Communist party, several hundred “Minority Tamils” (mainly of the traditionally “untouchable” Paḷḷar and Naḻavar castes) sat in nonviolent protest (satyagrãha) before the gates of Jaffna's most orthodox Hindu temple, the temple of Lord Kandacami (Skanda) in the village called Maviddapuram. Hindus believe this large and beautiful stru

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Selva, Meera. "The other side of paradise: A post civil war Sri Lanka attracts tourists, but locals were hoping for greater freedoms." Index on Censorship 47, no. 2 (2018): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306422018784532.

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Rajapakshe, Onali Bimalka Wickramaseckara, Mohapradeep Mohan, and Swaran Preet Singh. "Development of adolescent mental health services in Sri Lanka." BJPsych International, January 10, 2023, 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bji.2022.32.

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Sri Lanka has faced two major catastrophes in recent history: the civil war (1983–2009) and the tsunami (2004). Furthermore, there is a continuously changing socioeconomic situation which is becoming ever more challenging. Nearly a quarter of the Sri Lankan population is a youth or adolescent, and this age group is particularly vulnerable to adversity. Over the past decade Sri Lanka has acknowledged the need to support these young people and embarked on developing adolescent mental health services, but they require further expansion. This article provides a critical review of the state of curr

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Perera, Vihanga. "Narrating Civil Conflict in Post-war Sri Lanka: Counter Memory, Working-through and Implications for North-South Solidarity." State Crime Journal 11, no. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.13169/statecrime.11.2.0172.

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This article examines survivor/witness narratives of the Sri Lankan civil conflict (1983–2009) and their potential as counter-memories that contest and challenge authorized history dictated by the state. In situating the significance of these narratives the article draws on the prevailing conditions in post-conflict Sri Lanka, especially the surveillance and intimidation against public memory in the former war regions and the dominance of Sinhalese-Buddhist nationalism within state power. In orientation, the study is future-oriented and is preoccupied with how survivor narratives can be utiliz

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Ilam Khan. "Managing Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka through Constitutional Arrangements." NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability, July 26, 2021, 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37540/njips.v4i2.92.

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Marginalization causes conflicts; they may be political, social, or economic. A careful contemplation over the history of Sri Lanka reveals that the sentiments of being marginalized have been present — in one (ethnic) group or the other — in the island right from its independence. When the majority ethnic group, i.e., the Sinhala, was in a position of power, it manipulated the constitution of the country to safeguard its own interests. This widened the rift among different ethnic and religious groups, especially between the Sinhala and the Tamil. This structural marginalization resulted in a c

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Carey, Simon. "The Ecomomic Consequences of Civil War in Asia: A comparison of Sri Lanka and Cambodia." New Zealand Review of Economics and Finance 1 (May 28, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/nzref.v1i0.1736.

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This study looks into the nature of two prominent Asian civil wars and the impacts they had on their respective economies. Comparing the 1967-1979 Khmer Rouge genocides in Cambodia with the more recent 1983-2009 Sri Lankan war for Tamil independence, we look specifically at the impacts on infrastructure and land, the fiscal system, and the monetary and financial systems. Evidence suggests that the Cambodian civil war fits the standard mould for internally worn-torn countries, while the relatively more isolated nature of the Sri Lankan conflict led to significantly different outcomes. It is sti

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Santhirasegaram, S. "Socio-political root of economic crisis of Sri Lanka in 2022." Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, December 30, 2023, 40–52. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbip.v16i1.77040.

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The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between economics and other social science disciplines, including sociology and political science, in relation to the current economic crisis in Sri Lanka. Qualitative and quantitative data demonstrate that the current economic crisis in Sri Lanka is an outcome of socio-political unrest with civil war between and within the communities from 1983 to 2021. Observation, key person interviews, and statistical (correlation and regression) analyses of time series data from 1983 and 2021 show that Sri Lanka's overall macroeconomic st

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Haq, Naeemul. "NATURE AS MONSTER OF TERROR: RE-READING ROMA TEARNE’S MOSQUITO THROUGH ECO-GOTHIC THEORY." ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts 5, no. 6 (2024). https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i6.2024.3553.

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This paper aims to study Sri Lankan English writer Roma Tearne’s novel Mosquito (2007)—as EcoGothic texts that use gothicised landscape tropes of the sea, the forest, the beach to highlight the intersections between human exploitation and environmental degradation in post-colonial Sri Lanka. By drawing on the theories of the EcoGothic and associated concepts such as Ecophobia, I examine how the EcoGothic is manifested in this novel through a close connection between nature and the (dark) history of a place immersed in terrorism and civil war. The paper argues that Mosquito portrays how the civ

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Berthaume, Michael, Spencert Barnes, Shehan Hettiaratchy, et al. "Demographic, medical, and financial statistics from the Jaffna Jaipur Centre for Disability Rehabilitation (JJCDR) database, 1987-2018: a prosthetics, orthotics, and mobility clinic in northern Sri Lanka." Journal of Global Health Reports 7 (October 11, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.29392/001c.88105.

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Background When dealing in global health, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of community demographics and needs. From 1983-2009, a 26-year ethnic civil conflict devastated Sri Lanka, disproportionately affecting people living in the north and creating a large amputee population. Here, we use routinely collected prosthetic and orthotic data to investigate the composition of the amputee community in northern Sri Lanka. Methods The Jaffna Jaipur Centre for Disability Rehabilitation (JJCDR) was established in 1987 and has been the only centre consistently providing prosthetic, or

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Fabio, Andrés Díaz Pabón, and Mansoob Murshed. "'Give War A Chance': All-Out War as a Means of Ending Conflict in the Cases of Sri Lanka and Colombia." November 7, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4311422.

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This article investigates the military approach as a means of solving protracted civil conflicts, in particular focusing on the cases of Sri Lanka and Colombia in comparison. The approach adopted is to study the emergence of these military options within the context of each country's history and to assess whether the call for war was merely a consequence of the international ‘war on terror’, or driven by internal elements. The article explores the epistemological groundings and pitfalls of the all-out war theory informing this approach, before reassessing the significance and v

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Buthpitiya, Vindhya. "How to Capture Birds of Freedom: Picturing Tamil Women at War." Trans Asia Photography 13, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/21582025-10365016.

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Abstract This article examines the uses of images of women fighters of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam during and after the Sri Lankan civil war (1983–2009) to explore the contrasting mobilizations of visual representations of Tamil women cadres, focusing on the cultivation and framing of contradictory nationalist imaginaries by competing ethnic and state actors. In northern Sri Lanka, portraits of gun-bearing women fighters were wielded to signal revolutionary possibilities for the future of the Tamil nation-state as well as to inform the political socialization of its hopeful citizens.

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Blades, Hetty. "Dancing Right(s): Dance, Disability and Legal Empowerment in Post-War Sri Lanka." Dance Research, December 11, 2020, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/drs.2020.0319.

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Sri Lanka's long civil war (1983-2009) resulted in large-scale personal, physical and social trauma. It led to a large number of deaths and many people became disabled due to the war. Disabled people in Sri Lanka are often marginalized and excluded from the public sphere. Whilst there are initiatives to support disabled people from both the State and Non- Governmental Organisations, support often adopts a charity-based approach which has been criticised for contributing to marginalisation and the dependency of disabled people on other people and organisations. Performing Empowerment (2016-18)

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