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1
Ramamoorthy, V., and A. R. Adikaram. "Pushed or Pulled? Becoming Gig Workers in Sri Lanka." Kelaniya Journal of Management 13, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/kjm.v13i1.7799.
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The gig economy is expanding with more workers joining digital labour platforms globally. Gig work has become popular in Sri Lanka as well, especially during the recent past. Since the gig economy is still a relatively new concept in Sri Lanka, the area is understudied. Hence, the objective of this research is to examine what motivates Sri Lankans to become digital workers. We use push-pull theory as the theoretical lens of the study. Based on qualitative research methodology under the interpretive research paradigm, 22 digital workers from various backgrounds were interviewed in person to identify their motives and experiences with web- based digital labour platforms. This study found four important reasons for Sri Lankans to choose digital work, 1) pursuit of passion 2) pursuit of money (earning in foreign currency, gaining financial independence and an additional source of income), 3) pursuit of agency and 4) pursuit of developmental opportunities. While the motivation for participants to join gig work was mainly identified as pull motivation, in some instances it was identified that the participants were also pushed to join gig work.
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Mun, Mirna Hodzic, Janithra De Silva, Justine Strand De Oliveira, Vijitha De Silva, Rahul Malhotra, Monika Wijeratne, Hemajith Tharindra, and Truls Østbye. "Health Concerns among Sri Lankan Female Foreign Domestic Worker Returnees from the Middle East." Gestão e Sociedade 13, no. 36 (August 30, 2019): 3171–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21171/ges.v13i36.2969.
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Female foreign domestic workers (FDWs) are an important and growing occupational group, especially in the Middle East. Although Sri Lankan female FDWs comprise a significant percentage of those employed in this region, little is known about the health issues this population experiences during their employment. Prompted by this dearth in the extant literature, this study aimed to explore self-reported health problems and perceived causes, as well as health behaviors, beliefs, coping, and concerns of Sri Lankan female FDWs through the narratives of returnees formerly employed in the Middle East. Implementing a multi-faceted qualitative approach, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were utilized to investigate FDWs’ health problems, behaviors, and coping mechanisms. Participants’ health beliefs and concerns were explored through free listing and pile sorting. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. Headaches, backache, irregular meals and symptoms of depression were the most frequently self-reported health issues, most commonly attributed to overwork. Cleanliness was the most commonly adopted health maintaining behavior. The presence of cultural health beliefs in terms of illness causation was revealed, and FDWs’ spoke of the perceived health benefits of social interaction and religious practice as coping strategies. Findings of this study have several implications for policy and future research. FDWs’ concerns and recommendations prompt the need for greater accountability, legal enforcement of policies, and strengthened training and health monitoring. Policy, prevention and intervention measures may be more effective if they consider FDWs’ self-reported health problems, health belief models, health maintaining behaviors, concerns and coping strategies
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De Silva, Nayanthara, R. Darmicka, and Elmo Fernando. "Impact of foreign workforce on productivity in foreign-funded infrastructure projects." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 19, no. 2 (July 29, 2014): 168–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-01-2013-0002.
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Purpose – The aim of this study is to explore the impact of using foreign workers on construction productivity in project situations. Generally, foreign-funded projects use both native and foreign workers. Foreign workforce entering into the construction industry may affect the productivity positively or negatively, depending on the migrants’ attributes, institutional arrangements and native workers’ responses, thereby impacting the cost of the project. In Sri Lanka, large construction sites have become multicultural and depend on foreign workers brought in by foreign contractors for infrastructure projects. Design/methodology/approach – A survey-based approach was used to collect data. Structured interviews were conducted to explore the characteristics of the foreign workforce and their impact on productivity. Further, potential strategies were analyzed to establish industry motivators (IM) to enhance productivity. Findings – The study on the foreign workforce identified ten employee characteristics that may impact project’s productivity either positively or negatively. Further, 16 significant strategies were compiled to establish six IM to enhance productivity. Originality/value – These proposed motivators will be useful for construction practitioners in mitigating negative impacts and proactively managing the foreign workforce in a way to enhance construction productivity.
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Choi, Seokgyu, and Jungseok Choi. "The Effect of Social Support on Life Satisfaction for Foreign Workers in Sri Lanka." Journal of Humanities and Social sciences 21 14, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 1651–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22143/hss21.14.2.113.
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Rasanjali, Chamika, Pathmanathan Sivashankar, and Rohana P. Mahaliyanaarachchi. "Women Participation in Rural Tourism: A Case of Ella, Sri Lanka." AGRARIS: Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Research 7, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): 256–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/agraris.v7i2.11294.
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Tourism industry is one of sectors that have potential to develop and grow in the next few years in Sri Lanka. According to Tourism Development Strategy of Sri Lanka, tourism industry is expected to be the largest foreign exchange earner by 2024. The principal focus of this study was to explore major factors that affect women’s participation and non-participation in the hospitality industry in Ella DS division Sri Lanka. The study used a deductive approach, and primary data were collected through a self-administered structured questionnaire. Samples were 60 women, consisting of thirty women involved in the hospitality industry and thirty women of the non-hospitality industry, randomly selected. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results found that the differences in language skills and problem-solving had the most significant effect on women’s participation in hospitality industry. Besides, childcare responsibility and lack of experience were affected women’s involvement in this industry. The results also showed that most of the non-hospitality workers have language barriers (33.3%), lack of knowledge about tourism industry (23.3%), and lack of opportunities to engage in tourism work (13.3%). Based on the results, 53.3% of 30 non-hospitality workers had an idea to be involved in tourism and hospitality industry in the future, while the remaining 46.6% had no idea to be involved.
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Ullah, Akm Ahsan. "Abuse and Violence Against Foreign Domestic Workers. A Case from Hong Kong." International Journal of Area Studies 10, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 221–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijas-2015-0010.
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Abstract This paper explores various abuses Foreign Domestic Helpers (FDHs) or migrant domestic workers (MDW) in Hong Kong suffer and the strategies they take up to cope with this abuse. Data were collected from 215 domestic helpers (135 from the Philippines, 30 from Thailand, 41 from Indonesia, and 9 from Sri Lanka) all of whom had been in residence for at least six months. Selected by snow-balling technique, respondents were interviewed with structured and non-structured questionnaires. Research shows that sexual abuse is the most common form of abuse against MDWs followed by psychological and physical abuses. Female employers are the main perpetuators of psychological abuse while the male employers are culpable for sexual abuses. Coping strategies varied widely among the MDWs. Many of them endure the violence to keep the job; some quit the job and others struggle with the decision to stay or quit.
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Azam, Muhammad. "The role of migrant workers remittances in fostering economic growth." International Journal of Social Economics 42, no. 8 (August 10, 2015): 690–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2013-0255.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the macroeconomic impact of migrant workers’ remittances on economic growth in four developing Asian countries namely: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach – This study utilizes annual time series data over the period 1976-2012 and the ordinary least squares as an analytical technique for parameters estimation. Findings – Empirical results support the existence of a significant positive relationship between migrant workers remittances and economic growth. The other control variables such as foreign direct investment, openness to trade and infrastructure are also found to be statistically significant with expected signs. Practical implications – The findings of this study are expected to guide policy makers in formulating the right and relevant policies through which migrant workers’ remittances can be made more productive and its benefits for both migrants and the country of origin are maximized. Consequently, it will foster economic growth and development. Originality/value – This paper provides some valuable evidences on the significance of migrant workers remittances as a source of economic growth. Moreover, the study differs from the erstwhile studies in terms of control variables, time period and method of estimation. Finally, the empirical results established are relatively robust.
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Shah, Nasra M. "Labour Migration from Asian to GCC Countries: Trends, Patterns and Policies." Middle East Law and Governance 5, no. 1-2 (2013): 36–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763375-00501002.
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The six oil-rich Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are among the largest recipients of temporary labor migrants in the world today with non-nationals comprising about 47% of their population. The upward trend in labor migration to the region has been especially pronounced since the early 1980s. Asian workers from Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, the Philippines and Sri Lanka constitute the major stock of migrants. The proportion of Asian relative to Arab workers has increased over time with the former group comprising about 60-70% of foreign workers in some countries. Data on annual outflows from sending Asian countries shows a consistent upward trend in labor migration during the 1990s and 2000s. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates are currently the largest recipients of Asian workers. A majority of migrants are male. However, the number of female workers has registered a consistent increase over time as a result of the rising demand for female domestic workers. Among the male workers, half or more are employed in unskilled occupations in the Gulf. The migration policies of the sending and receiving countries are at odds with each other. Sending countries aim to increase the outflows, primarily to enhance remittance receipts and curtail unemployment at home. Receiving countries aim to restrict migrant inflows and reduce migrant stock through concerted efforts towards nationalizing the labor force. Reconciliation of the above policies remains a challenge for the future.
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Gamburd, Michele R. "ADVOCATING FOR SRI LANKAN MIGRANT WORKERS." Critical Asian Studies 41, no. 1 (March 2009): 61–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14672710802631152.
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Habarakada, Sanjeewani, and HaeRan Shin. "Transnational Religious Place-Making: Sri Lankan Migrants’ Physical and Virtual Buddhist Places in South Korea." Space and Culture 22, no. 4 (February 28, 2018): 474–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1206331218760489.
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This article looks at the relationship between virtual Buddhist practices that keep Sri Lankan migrants’ engaged with Buddhist community and leadership both in South Korea and elsewhere. Based on mixed ethnographic research methods including participant observation and in-depth interviews, the research demonstrates the following findings. First, the key actors of the Buddhist place-making included Sri Lankan migrant workers, a Sri Lankan ambassador, Sri Lankan temples, Korean temples, and virtual temple participants from other countries. Migrant workers’ collaboration with them contributed to institutionalizing the physical temple. Second, the making of the virtual temple interacted with the making of physical Buddhist places, rather than replacing it. Hosting a virtual temple via Skype expanded into including Sri Lankan migrants who live in other countries. This study contributes to the mobilities discussion as well as place-making discussion by articulating the specific process of transnational religious place-making.
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De Costa, Merinnage Nelani. "Representation of Migrant Women Workers and their Negotiations with the Nation: A Study of Selected Sri Lankan English Fiction." New Literaria 03, no. 02 (2022): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.48189/nl.2022.v03i2.011.
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Migrant women workers are the main income generators of their families and they contribute to the Sri Lankan economy as a vital part of the labour force. This research explores their representations in Sri Lankan English fiction in terms of how they are perceived and negotiate with their identities. The methodology of this study includes a textual analysis of selected Sri Lankan English fiction such as Vijita Fernando’s “The Homecoming” (1984), Punyakante Wijenaike’s “Anoma” (1996) and Jean Arasanayagam’s The Famished Waterfall (2004). This research aims to scrutinize the representations of migrant women workers within the dominant ideological framework where women are primarily perceived as the cultural disseminators of their nation. One of the research questions of this study is to determine the extent to which migrant women workers are considered transgressive according to the conventional beliefs and values in the mainstream society where women are symbolically equated to the nation. The other is to inquire what are the ways in which these workers come to terms with their identities, interpersonal relationships and negotiations in their journeys from home to host countries. Both questions are deliberated concerning the representation of migrant women workers in Sri Lankan English fiction. Therefore, this research concludes that the narratives of migrant women workers in Sri Lankan English fiction negotiate with their identities, families and interpersonal negotiations. It also critiques the hegemonic and heteropatriarchal perception of such domestic workers within the dominant ideological framework of the nation.
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Kanishka and Lakmal. "THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES ON THE LIVING STANDARDS OF SRI LANKAN CITIZENS." Journal of Accountancy & Finance 10, no. 2 (December 20, 2023): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.57075/jaf1022303.
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The purpose of this study is to discover and analyze the impact of foreign exchange reserves on the living standards of Sri Lankan citizens. Export income, foreign debt, foreign remittances, and foreign reserves are employed as explanatory variables concerning Sri Lanka’s current crisis condition. The most widely used indicator of a country's standard of living is its gross national income (GNI) per capita, in this study the researcher primarily focuses on the income approach determinants of foreign reserves inflow to Sri Lanka. Therefore, to measure Sri Lankan citizens' living standards, the researcher employed the gross national income (GNI) per capita. The analysis utilizes data from 2001 to 2021 from the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the World Bank (WB). The unit-root test, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were employed to assess the time-series data. EViews version 9 statistical software was used to screen secondary quantitative data and analyze the study’s findings. The test results demonstrated that export income, foreign debt, and foreign reserves had a positive and significant effect on Sri Lankan citizens’ living standards, however, foreign remittances have no significant effect on Sri Lankan citizens’ living standards. It was a timely matter that drove the researcher to investigate how the lack of foreign reserves has an impact on the living standards of Sri Lankan citizens. This study is expected to help decision-makers manage forex reserves more efficiently and effectively, and more crucially, to raise the living standards of Sri Lankans. As a result, implementing a proper management system for foreign reserves will be a better source for employing the reserves to improve the country’s financial stability. Furthermore, the findings of this study will be helpful to the government in addressing present loopholes in the economy. This study will be a valuable source of direction for future scholars as they handle topical issues in emerging countries' economies associated with key eras. Researchers will profit from this research as well; as a result, they will be able to widen the existing empirical and theoretical review on the foreign reserves of developing countries such as Sri Lanka and their impact on citizens' living standards.
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Priyadarshana, Tharaka S. "Save Sri Lankan wildlife from foreign smugglers." Science 376, no. 6590 (April 15, 2022): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abo4994.
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Zhang, Xuelian, Meiling Zhao, and Xiangcao Xie. "A Survey of Foreign Students’ Cross-cultural Adaptation in Chongqing Normal University—A Case Study of Sri Lankan Students." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 7, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0704.07.
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Cross-cultural adaptation research is an important part of study for foreign students. With theories of Searle & Ward and John W. Berry, mainly from two aspects: psychological adaptation and social-cultural adaptation, the research investigates Sri Lankan students’ cross-cultural adaptation in Chongqing Normal University and analyzes the problems of Sri Lankan students’ cross-cultural adaptation in Chongqing Normal University in four aspects: Chinese reading and vocabulary, communication and exchange, adaptation of learning and teaching styles and knowledge of Chinese culture. Combined with the survey and problems of Sri Lankan students’ adaptation, the research will be used to give relevant suggestions to help Sri Lankan students adapt Chinese culture better.
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Vidyaratne, R. T., and E. A. G. Sumanasiri. "Foreign Missions’ Role in Promoting International Trade: Empirical Evidence of Sri Lankan Foreign Missions Promoting Electronic Exports in Germany." International Business Research 13, no. 7 (June 23, 2020): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v13n7p173.
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Foreign missions have been the pillars of trade promotion and in particular, of export and export-oriented investment. In Sri Lanka, the potentiality in export promotion to Germany is immense. However, it is discernible that there is no coordinated effort in promoting trade in Sri Lanka by foreign missions. Therefore, this research examines the role of foreign missions in promoting international trade between Sri Lanka and Germany especially focusing on Electrical and Electronic Sector. The case study is based on the empirical evidence of Sri Lankan foreign missions promoting electrical and electronic exports in Germany. Potential growth-enhancing factors will benefit from increased global economic integration through trade promotion activities undertaken by the host country and the foreign mission. A qualitative methodology was used to understand the stakeholder perspective of the role of foreign missions. Analysis of data collected through semi-structured interviews (13) derived the results that trade fairs and Business to Business meetings as the most effective trade promotion activities. Findings of the study confirms six (6) vital roles of a foreign mission which are internalizing industries, promoting, business intelligence, stakeholder communication, building strategic relationships and inter-governmental engagement respectively. The paper points out managerial and policy implications such as pro-activeness of the head of foreign missions and strategic and trustworthy relationships between the countries. The study concludes that the activities carried out by the Sri Lankan Foreign Mission in Germany does not satisfy the exporters’ expectations and requirements. Further this study recommendations are provided to both German and Sri Lankan Governments and foreign missions.
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Wijekoon, Whmck, B. Pramono, and R. E. Hadisancoko. "South India political parties influence on India's Foreign Policy of Tamil Separatism in Sri Lanka." Technium Social Sciences Journal 40 (February 8, 2023): 334–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v40i1.8373.
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Close relationships between the Sri Lankan Tamil community and the Tami communities in South India have resulted in the involvement of South Indian political parties in the Tamil problem in Sri Lanka. This involvement has continued even after the defeat to Tamil terrorists by the Sri Lankan military and is primarily concerned with influencing Indian foreign policy on the separatism issue in Sri Lanka. The main objectives of this study were to identify the factors which are motivating South Indian political parties to influence Indian foreign policy on separatism in Sri Lanka and to identify the strategies used by South Indian political parties to influence Indian Central Government foreign policy on separatism in Sri Lanka. Research method to achieve these two objectives was a qualitative method. This research method consisted of collecting non-numeric data from individuals with significant knowledge of South Indian political parties and analysing the collected data using quantitative content analysis. Findings from the study revealed that there are several factors motivating South Indian political parties to influence foreign policy on separatism in Sri Lanka. These factors are namely genuine concern for the plight of Sri Lankan Tamils, political self-interest, financial factors, social and humanitarian factors. Findings from the study also revealed that the main strategies adopted by South Indian political parties to influence Indian foreign policy on separatism are to threaten to withhold support to the ruling party in the Lok Shaba and prevent/disrupt the implementation of national projects in South Indian states.
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Frantz, Elizabeth. "Captive Labour: Sri Lankan 'Guest' Workers in Jordan." Bulletin for the Council for British Research in the Levant 4, no. 1 (November 2009): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175272609x12494659367078.
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Ahmad, Khabir. "Sri Lankan health workers strike over “salary anomaly”." Lancet 362, no. 9389 (September 2003): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14455-8.
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Lokugamage, Samanthika. "Language Education, Gender, and Inclusivity: Focusing on Japanese Language Education in Sri Lanka." Social Science and Humanities Journal 8, no. 03 (March 9, 2024): 34656–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/sshj.v8i03.950.
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The female population in Japanese language education in Sri Lanka is remarkably high compared to male population. Not only learners, but the number of female teachers also outsmart the male teachers. However, this kind of gender distribution is not something specific to Japanese language education. Research has highlighted that in many parts of the world male has less interest in learning languages than female. Some studies prove that boys think that learning foreign languages would not lead them to lucrative careers and some believe that language learning is not something 'real boys' do or are good at. Nonetheless, when considering the number of Sri Lankans who apply for visa to enter Japan, male population is significantly higher than females. In recent years specialists in Information Technology have more tendency to get job placements in Japan. Further, in 2019 Japan has opened its doors to Sri Lanka for a visa category called Specified Skilled Worker (SSW) which offers 4 employment fields from Sri Lanka. To apply for SSW visa, one should clear a language competency test and skill test of the relevant field. Does the increase in employment opportunities in Japan has any impact on the attitudes of language learning among male population? Thus, this paper explores current situation of the Japanese Language education in Sri Lanka focusing on gender distribution. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are used in gathering and analysing data. The findings show that though there is a growth of male population among learners the attitudes towards learning Japanese are not changing as fast as the rapidly growing enthusiasm to work in Japan. Though there are new opportunities in Japan, if language competency is not recognized as a soft skill that goes beyond gender stereotype, we will fail to gain the best from the available paths. Further, changes towards inclusiveness in the curriculum as well as inclusiveness in the recruiters are given as recommendations to improve the current situation.
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Mosasrupan, Chrisdina Nirojini. "Kalinga in Sri Lankan Historiography." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 7, no. 4 (April 1, 2023): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v7i4.6193.
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Sri Lanka had foreign relations with various countries since ancient times. The Buddhist culture took root in its relations with India. The introduction of Buddhism in the BC third century was a turning point in Sri Lanka-Kalinga relations. The majority of people in Sri Lanka consider Kalinga’s Odisha as their homeland. Kalinga Magha has been portrayed in Sinhalese literature as cruel and non-Kalinga, in Sri Lankan history up to the present. However, the recent discovery of the Gomarankadawala Inscription (Trincomalee District) mentions Kalinga Magha as a native of the Kalinga country. In this case, the historical relations between Sri Lanka and Kalinga must be examined. Historical evidence is important in understanding the identity of a race or the history of a society. Archaeological evidence, rather than literary evidence, is the main source of evidence for the authenticity of contemporary documents. The purpose of this study is to find out the changes in the political, economic and religious fields caused by the Sri Lanka-Kalinga relations, on this basis. This research is according to a history basis. Archeological evidence, the Mahavamsa and the Culavamsa are prime data. Other books essays and website data are the secondary data from this research is proceed.
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Weerakkody, S. S. "Social Success of the Women Workers in the Garment Industry in Sri Lanka: A Case of Women Workers in Katunayake Free Trade Zone." Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 3, no. 2 (August 21, 2023): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljssh.v3i2.111.
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There are a number of Free Trade Zones (FTZ) in Sri Lanka, which house a variety of industrial businesses, including garment manufacturers. Most of the workers on the factory floor are women who work as machinists. Scholars highlight labor exploitation, gender subordination, and social perceptions in the apparel sector. But there is no research to explore the social success of women employees in the apparel sector. This research adds to the literature by providing empirical information from the Sri Lankan clothing industry about the success of women in the Sri Lankan apparel industry. A qualitative approach utilizing information gathered from interviews with female shop floor employees in the garment industry who work in export processing zones (EPZs). Thematic analysis was used as the analysis tool to process the research. The analysis identifies how those women workers started their careers as women machinists at a young age, and with time, they successfully adapted to the job role and the evolution of their lives through social aspects. Contrary to the social acceptance within the Sri Lankan context that women prefer government jobs, women have mentioned they prefer and that it is better to be a woman machinist. Finally, this paper concludes that women machinists have succeeded in their lives in social aspects by achieving work-life balance, well-structured families with educated children, and recognition and respect from the villagers and the whole society.
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Saroor, Shreen. "Advocating for the Voting Rights of Sri Lankan Migrant Workers." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 12, no. 1-2 (March 2003): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680301200109.
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Labor migration from Sri Lanka has been dominated by women migrant workers who take up domestic work, mostly in the Middle East. Remittances from women migrant workers have been a major boon to Sri Lanka's economy. However, the social costs of female migration have also been considerable. Migrant NGOs have advocated to effect changes to protect the rights of women migrants. In 2000, a migrant NGO started the campaign to extend voting rights to migrant workers as a means to improve their leverage to influence policy making. The campaign has gained the support of different political parties and government agencies.
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Samantha, NPG, and Haiyun Liu. "The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Industrial Sector Growth: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Journal of Asian Development 4, no. 2 (August 10, 2018): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jad.v4i2.13339.
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The development of the industrial sector stimulates economic growth and development by reducing poverty and regional disparity, increasing export income, generating quality employment, as well as developing technological capabilities and productive capacities. It has been more than four decades since removing trade-related barriers, and tax incentives liberalized the Sri Lankan economy offered to foreign investors to attract FDI and promote the industrial sector. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between inward FDI and industrial sector performance of Sri Lanka at the aggregate level for the period 1980-2016. We use the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to identify the long-run relationship and short-run dynamics of the selected variables. ARDL bounds test verifies the existence of co-integration among the selected variables. The study fails to find a significant relationship between FDI and industrial sector growth of Sri Lanka in the long run as well as in the short run. The attraction of vertically integrated FDI that consists with advanced technology and value-added production is one of the solutions for overcoming the issue of low technology and knowledge of Sri Lankan industrial sector. Sri Lankan FDI strategy associated with industrial sector should consider the pull and push factors related to recipient and source country respectively. To promote the industrial sector via FDI, the government policy should focus on attracting more FDI that could be channeled into those sectors that would contribute to national competitiveness.
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Zhang, Xuelian, Li Huang, and Chaoyue Leng. "Strategies to Promote Sri Lankan Students’ Cross-cultural Adaptation in Chongqing Normal University—Based on Chamot’s Learning Strategies." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0801.16.
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With the development of “One Belt And One Road” strategy, foreign students’ cross-cultural adaptation in China becomes a hot topic. By questionnaire and individual interview, the research aims to explore the situation of Sri Lankan students’ cross-cultural adaptation in Chinese cultural context and finds the 4 main factors which influence their cross-cultural adaptation: Individual factors, language barriers, individuals' interaction with local cultural context and different social behavior. Then, based on O’ Malley and Chamot’s learning strategies, the research gives relevant advice to improve Sri Lankan students’ cross-cultural adaptability.
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M. S. Nilam. "Bank Selection Criteria and Performance of Public and Private Banks of Sri Lanka: A Comparative Study." CenRaPS Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 197–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/cenraps.v2i2.27.
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Financial deregulation and technological advancement have led the sri lankan banking industry to highly competitive environment. In sri lanka, the competition is not only among the local banks, but also from foreign banks. To stay competitive and strong, a bank’s customer retention is crucial. In this context banking institutions would like to know how the customers select their bank and how they perceive the performance of banks in such competitive environment. The researcher selected sample of 468 banking customers from public and private banks of sri lanka. Responses were analyzed and presented through descriptive, correlation and regression analysis. The findings showed that the security and service quality were the two most crucial factors when selecting a bank in sri lanka. Significant gender and education level factors in bank selection were observed. Study concludes that sri lankan private banks perform better on those factors than the public banks in sri lanka.
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Ireland, Patrick R. "The limits of sending-state power: The Philippines, Sri Lanka, and female migrant domestic workers." International Political Science Review 39, no. 3 (June 2018): 322–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512118755597.
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Sending states have taken various measures to protect their female nationals serving abroad as domestics. A most-similar case comparison is constructed between the Sri Lankan and Philippine states’ defenses of ‘their’ female migrant domestic workers (FMDWs), employing process tracing and relying on data from archival research, interviews, policies, and official statements. Existing explanations for sending-state actions stress dependence on remittances, receiving-country conditions, and the democratic incorporation of emigrants. Here, however, a stock of FMDWs with more highly valued human capital attributes, combined with a stronger civil society and greater gender equity, is shown to compel and enable the Philippine state to adopt a more assertive approach than its Sri Lankan counterpart in defending those migrants.‘
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Haddad, Reem. "A Modern-Day "Slave Trade": Sri Lankan Workers in Lebanon." Middle East Report, no. 211 (1999): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3013337.
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Kumarasinghe, Pivithuru Janak, and Savinda Perera. "Potential Global Competitiveness of Sri Lankan Virgin Coconut Oil Industry." International Journal of Management Excellence 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 1520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/ijme.v11i1.1000.
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The study focuses on Sri Lankan virgin coconut oil industry because of it is one of the upcoming export products and also its position as one of the key player in the global market. Sri Lankan coconut industry is one of the major foreign exchange and employment generation source and element of the Sri Lankan nation. The study attempted to unearth the determinants of export competitiveness of virgin coconut oil industry in Sri Lanka by drawing attention on Porter’s theory of the competitive advantage of nations. The target population of the study consisted with individual firms which are engaging in virgin coconut oil export in Sri Lanka is two hundred and nineteen. The study used a likert scale to measure the chosen variables. Based on the Pearson Correlation analysis researcher can say that there is significance strong positive relationship between Availability of Raw materials, Quality of demand and Market share of export with the Export Competitiveness. According to regression analysis researcher can say that availability of Raw materials, Local market, Quality of demand and Market share of export has significance positive affect on Advantage of Export Competitiveness.
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Nayanthara Gamage, Rajni. "Balancing and bandwagoning: explaining shifts in Sri Lankan foreign policy." Journal of the Indian Ocean Region 13, no. 2 (March 14, 2017): 133–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2017.1299450.
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Gunaruwan, T. L., and P. T. D. Liyanage. "Sri Lanka’s Foreign Exchange Crisis: An Examination of Causality Dynamics, Shedding Light on Suggestive Way-Out Strategies." Sri Lanka Journal of Economic Research 11, no. 2 (February 21, 2024): 39–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljer.v11i2.204.
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The present research endeavoured to undertake a diagnostic analysis pertaining to the foreign exchange crisis faced by the Sri Lankan economy, intending to identify drivers of the crisis and to throw light on possible strategies to overcome the crisis. An extensive literature survey was conducted, followed by a descriptive analysis based on available data. Trend analysis, deploying graphical method, was adopted as the main analytical technique, and the results were interpreted using political economic reasoning. The outcomes of the study revealed that Sri Lanka has been experiencing persistent current account deficits as well as increasing foreign debt stock since 1977, the year in which economic liberalisation policies were implemented. In that respect, the Sri Lankan crisis closely resembled that of the Indian crisis more than those explained by the other crisis models found in literature. It could thus be inferred that the persistent trade and current account deficits owing to uncontrolled imports ever since liberalisation, and the resultant accumulation of foreign debt, have been the drivers of the foreign exchange crisis in Sri Lanka, while weak and undisciplined public finance policies, failure to move into high value-added and strategic industrialisation and wide income inequality would have been possible support factors. Therefore, the research outcomes yielded caution signals if policy makers consider availing further liberalisation of the economy as the remedial strategy to surmount the present crisis.
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Mohamed I.M. Aslam, Iyad M.Y. Eid, and Rohaiza Rokis. "Marriage Choices and Traditions among the Sri Lankan Migrant Workers in Bahrain." Journal of Islam in Asia (E-ISSN 2289-8077) 20, no. 3 (December 28, 2023): 197–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/jia.v20i3.1167.
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Family and marriage in Sri Lanka have endured far-reaching changes in recent decades. Starting with the migration from Sri Lanka, particularly after the 1970s, is one of the contributing factors in such family changes. Given that Sri Lanka has been giving greater importance to family and marriage, the present paper attempts to investigate changes in marriage choices, traditions, and marital relationships due to migration. The qualitative research method was utilized, compiling data through semi-structured interviews with thirty Sri Lankan migrant families using a purposive sampling technique, which was analyzed on a thematic basis. Based on the findings, migration was the cause of change in marital choice and traditions since migrants become economically independent and cherish new cultures. The marriage contracts and couple matching among migrant workers had not been spelt out their ancient traditions of Sri Lanka, which leaned more toward love matches. The study has identified the women who migrated as housemaids had formed families with Pakistani and Indian migrant workers, even accepting religious exogamy after arriving in Bahrain based on self-desire. These migrants concealed their personal choice and married without their parent’s concerns and presence. The present study identified that wedlock without proper documents caused their children to be undocumented. Furthermore, the current study revealed that migrant workers who married other nationalities failed to establish fruitful families as their lives ended in divorce due to the lack of knowledge about marital partners and cohesive relationships with them. These findings are significant because of the dearth of literature on marriage migration among Middle Eastern migrants and the range of post-marriage challenges that migrants face in that particular destination. The information explored enriches the literature with a new sociological and empirical study.
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Madhavika, Wadanambilage Dona Naduni. "Work Life Balance in the Non-HR Employee Perception the Case of FMCG Companies in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 9, no. 1 (February 17, 2019): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v9i1.14227.
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The study focused on investigating the perception that the non HR employees have regarding the work life balance in their respective organizations in Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector in Sri Lanka. In this study; the data is collected from 16 FMCG companies in Sri Lanka which included 4 foreign (Global) companies and 12 local (Sri Lankan based) companies during the period of 6 months (June 2018 – December 2018). The study adopted the survey strategy with a sample size of 1000. Both the online and manual methods were used in order to collect the data. According to the results obtained it was demonstrated that the perception that the non HR employees have regarding the Work Life Balance in their respective organization to be satisfactory with an average value of 4.5472. However; it was found that there is a gap in between the perception that non HR employees in the local FMCG (Sri Lankan based FMCG companies) companies possess and the perception that non HR employees in the foreign FMCG companies (Global FMCG companies) possess regarding the work life balance in their respective organizations based on the differences in mean values.
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Prastya, Narayana Mahendra, and Mutia Dewi. "Framing analysis of government crisis communication in terrorist attacks (Case in New Zealand and Sri Lanka)." Informasi 50, no. 2 (December 29, 2020): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v50i2.31444.
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This article aims to analyze the frame of the government official statement in Mosque Christhurch Attack in New Zealand (March 2019) and Easter Sunday Attack in Sri Lanka (April 2019). The two cases were chosen because they place Muslim in contradictory positions: as victim in New Zealand and as perpetrator in Sri Lanka. This study uses framing analysis method to examine the official statement uploaded in the official websites of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of New Zealand and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka, within seven days after the incident. The data gathered from the text analysis is then followed by data triangulation using expert judgement technique. The result shows that there are differences in information content. The New Zealand government emphasizes their own actions in the country, while the Sri Lankan government focuses on the activities carried out abroad and the supports, they receive from other countries. In doing so, the New Zealand government highlights the presence of Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern while the Sri Lankan government presents information from many state officials, instead of the head of state. These differences show that the content of official statement is highly influenced by the socio-political condition in the country.
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Gamage, Anuruddha, and Widana Pathiranage Richard Wickramaratne. "Quality of Life and Quality of Work Life as Determinants of Employee Productivity: Self-reports of Tea Harvesters in Sri Lanka." EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal 11, no. 1 (September 8, 2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2021.217.
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Tea industry plays a prominent and strategic role in Sri Lanka due to its significant impact on national output, employment and socio-economic status. Therefore, the overall worker productivity in tea industry plays an integral role in terms of national income and foreign exchange earnings. Today, the tea industry in Sri Lanka has been facing the burning issue of declining worker productivity which is the lowest among the tea producing countries in the world. In order to increase the level of worker productivity, simply applying conventional Human Resource Management (HRM) practices is not adequate and a sustainable HRM model is a vital requirement as a strategy for dealing with this crisis and sustains the tea industry in the competitive global marketplace. This research was aimed at proposing human care practices (HCPs) and knowledge management practices (KMPs) as sustainable Human Resource Management Practices (SHRMPs) for enhancing the worker productivity through quality of work-life (QWLs) and quality of life (QLs). The study is specifically focusing on the tea industry, since tea is the key contributor for overall performances of the plantation industry. Un-structured and one-on-one interviews were used as the qualitative research technique for this study. 100 randomly selected tea harvesters who are working in well performing tea estates in Sri Lanka reported a list of HCPs and KMPs that enhance QWL and QL, which in return enhance the worker productivity. The responses of tea harvesters were grouped into pre-defined structure according to comparative importance and then were validated with the findings of previous research studies. The findings were well supported by the premises of psychological contract and social exchange theories. The study also provides some implications for policy decisions and future research directions on identified HCPs and KMPs as sustainable HR practices, which has a direct relationship on the worker productivity.
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Rathnayake, Chinthani, Bill Malcolm, Garry Griffith, and Alex Sinnette. "Trade Consequences of the Farm Production Regulation: The Glyphosate Ban in the Sri Lankan Tea Industry." Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2022.011.02.1.
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Abstract Tea manufacturing is an important industry for the Sri Lankan economy because it generates foreign income, which adds to gross domestic product of the country and creates employment opportunities. Tea has been exported to several countries from Sri Lanka for over a century, and Sri Lanka remains a leading tea exporter to date. Recently, the Sri Lankan government issues a policy which disadvantages the tea industry in the country. The government banned the use of glyphosate in the agricultural sector from 2015 to 2018 which directly or indirectly affects the tea industry. The policy brought a consequence where the farmers used illegal substances and other weedicides to control the weed. These consequences placed the Sri Lankan tea industry at risk since their final product is contains high amount of residual weedicide which exceeds the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). In this paper, we use The Equilibrium Displacement Model to study the economic impact of rejections of tea consignments by Japan due to the excess use of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) in 2018. The demand of Sri Lankan bulk black tea by Japan has declined by 6.5% between 2017 and 2018. The estimated of the Sri Lankan tea industry from reduced demand for bulk black tea was Rs339 million. Keywords: tea industry, glyphosate ban, Sri Lanka Abstrak Teh adalah industri penting bagi perekonomian Sri Lanka karena menghasilkan devisa yang menambah produksi domestik bruto dan menciptakan lapangan kerja. Teh telah diekspor dari Sri Lanka selama lebih dari satu abad ke berbagai negara dan Sri Lanka tetap menjadi eksportir utama. Kebijakan pemerintah baru-baru ini yang memengaruhi sektor pertanian tidak menguntungkan bagi industri teh. Pelarangan penggunaan glifosat dari tahun 2015 hingga 2018 merupakan salah satu kebijakan yang berdampak signifikan terhadap industri teh, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Konsekuensi penggunaan formulasi pengendali gulma ilegal dan herbisida alternatif menempatkan industri teh pada keadaan yang beresiko melalui konsekuensi tidak disengaja dari kehilangan akses ke pasar ekspor teh karena insiden mengenai kelebihan Batas Maksimum Residu. Dalam tulisan ini, dampak ekonomi dari penolakan pengiriman teh dari Jepang karena penggunaan 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) yang berlebihan pada tahun 2018 diselidiki dengan menggunakan Equilibrium Displacement Model pada industri teh. Permintaan ekspor Jepang untuk teh hitam curah turun 6,5% antara 2017 dan 2018. Perkiraan kerugian surplus ekonomi industri teh Sri Lanka dari penurunan permintaan teh hitam curah adalah Rs339 juta. Kata kunci: industri teh, larangan penggunaan glifosat, Sri Lanka
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Liyanagamage, Champika. "Examining the competitiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 10, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i3.1095.
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The banking sector in Sri Lanka has been portrayed by significant changes in the past few decades. It is widely perceived that competition in the Sri Lankan banking sector has improved since the introduction of the financial sector reforms in the 1990s. By applying Panzar-Rosse (PR) approach to test the degree of competitiveness, this paper assesses the validity of this claim in the context of the Sri Lankan banking sector during 1996-2018. The sample covers a broader set of bank-level panel data of the whole commercial banking sector which comprised of 25 licensed commercial banks. The EGLS procedure applied in this study revealed that during the stated period, the Sri Lankan banking sector had been moderately competitive. Further analysis also disclosed that there is no significant difference between the state-owned banks and private banks regarding their degree of competitiveness, as well as their temporal dynamics. Another striking observation revealed in this analysis is the lower level of competitiveness among foreign banks compared to the competitiveness of local banks. The Competitiveness of the Sri Lankan banking sector however is characterized by non-price competition, as on many occasions the interest rate depends on government policies. Hence, this study provides new insight into the nature of financial sector competitiveness in underdeveloped countries. The outcome of the research implies the necessity of attempts of all banks towards re-aligning their strategies to attract and retain customers. This would be the major challenge that banks face in accomplishing a higher level of competition in the banking industry in the future.
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Hugo, Graeme, and Swarna Ukwatta. "Sri Lankan Female Domestic Workers Overseas — The Impact on Their Children." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 19, no. 2 (June 2010): 237–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719681001900203.
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Karunarathna, Navodika. "Critical factors influencing online consumer preference towards cash on delivery method in Sri Lanka." Journal of Research in Emerging Markets 3, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30585/jrems.v3i1.566.
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With the rapid technological advancements, E-commerce deliveries in Sri Lanka have been flourishing tremendously. However, payments have still been identified as one of the main obstacles to the developments of the E-commerce sector. The Cash on Delivery (COD) method has played a significant role in driving the growth of the E-commerce industry and accounts for more than 60% of all E-commerce transactions in Sri Lanka. Although COD is so important, many companies still waver with its processes as it has become a notoriously problematic area in terms of on-time and successful deliveries. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the critical factors influencing online customers' preference of cash on the delivery method to provide insights into the management of E-commerce and logistics industries on the usage of appropriate payment methods for E-commerce transactions. This empirical study is based on the primary data obtained through a survey conducted among Sri Lankan online customers. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modelling technique. Consequently, 'Sri Lankan origin of the online seller,' 'Selling specialized products by the online seller,' 'Availability of wide choice of payment methods,' 'Offering a wide assortment of foreign products by the online seller,' 'Lack of trust on online payments' has been identified as the critical factors influencing Sri Lankan online customers' preference of cash on delivery method.
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Hertzberg, Michael. "Waves of Conversion? the Tsunami, ‘Unethical Conversions,’ and Political Buddhism in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 33, no. 1 (March 2015): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701503300104.
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Kleinfeld (2007) argues that humanitarian space should not be thought of as distinct from the political space, and that the repertoire of humanitarian actions always takes place within this pre-existing political space. This article explores this proposition within the context of the public debates on ‘unethical conversions’ in Sri Lanka following the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. While, for my Buddhist informants, the tsunami was seen as enabling a sudden influx of numerous foreign NGOs to Sri Lanka, some of whom were suspected of proselytizing intentions, my Christian informants related to the post-tsunami period as involving a “suspension of hostilities”, which opened new opportunities to prove their worth to Sri Lankan society through their tsunami rehabilitation work. Indeed, some Christian relief organizations were able to temporarily negotiate a humanitarian space for themselves in local particularities. Nevertheless, allegations of ‘unethical conversions’ and the general mistrust of NGOs, which came to dominate Sri Lankan political discourse, were vital issues in the creation of a ‘nationalist’ political discourse which has had extensive and long-term effects.
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Jähnichen, Gisa. "The Role of Music and Allied Arts in Public Writings on Cultural Diversity: “People of Sri Lanka”." ASIAN-EUROPEAN MUSIC RESEARCH JOURNAL 6 (December 4, 2020): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/aemr.6-7.
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The Sri Lankan Ministry of National Coexistence, Dialogue, and Official Languages published the work “People of Sri Lanka” in 2017. In this comprehensive publication, 21 invited Sri Lankan scholars introduced 19 different people’s groups to public readers in English, mainly targeted at a growing number of foreign visitors in need of understanding the cultural diversity Sri Lanka has to offer. This paper will observe the presentation of these different groups of people, the role music and allied arts play in this context. Considering the non-scholarly design of the publication, a discussion of the role of music and allied arts has to be supplemented through additional analyses based on sources mentioned by the 21 participating scholars and their fragmented application of available knowledge. In result, this paper might help improve the way facts about groups of people, the way of grouping people, and the way of presenting these groupings are displayed to the world beyond South Asia. This fieldwork and literature guided investigation should also lead to suggestions for ethical principles in teaching and presenting of culturally different music practices within Sri Lanka, thus adding an example for other case studies.
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Pasqual, Mangala Keerthi de. "Reporting on Port City Colombo in Sri Lankan Newspapers." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. X (2023): 2247–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.701171.
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Launched in 2014, Port City Colombo is arguably the most contentious and ambitious development project in Sri Lanka’s post-independence history of over 75 years as well as the Port City is the single largest foreign investment in Sri Lanka’s history. It is being developed by CHEC Port City Colombo Pvt. Ltd. (CPCC) with the support of the Government of Sri Lanka under the BRI. In the BRI, Sri Lanka occupies a more important position due to its positioning in the middle of the Maritime Silk Road connecting the East-West continents. “The Port City Colombo” project was launched in 2014 and during the last 9 years it has passed many milestones. This project suffered a severe setback for a while due to the suspension of its operations caused by Sri Lankan political issues in March 2015, but it recommenced its operations in September 2016. The purpose of this research is to study how to report on “the Port City Colombo” in the Sri Lankan newspapers. In this case, the nature of how to report events of Colombo Port City on newspapers feature articles was studied. Four Sinhala newspapers and a Tamil and English newspapers were selected out of those having a top-level of rating. During the period from September 17, 2014, when the project started to the end of the year 2022, the content of features of 20 days was selected under the purposive sampling method, and framing theory was used for the analysis. The conclusion is that government media creates a positive image of the port city compared to the privately owned Media and English and Tamil Newspapers portray a positive frame compared to Sinhala Newspapers.
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Akurugoda, Indi Ruwangi, Patrick Barrett, and Alan Simpson. "Different Levels of NGO Engagement and Reactions of the Government: Assessing the Sri Lankan Experience." Journal of Asian Development 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jad.v3i2.11143.
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Sri Lankan governments have a history of contradictory forms of engagement with NGOs and foreign donors, on the one hand embracing opportunities to work with and coordinate NGO donations for development, and on the other discouraging and rejecting more localised NGO activities. Successive governments have welcomed NGO and foreign donor funds for large scale construction projects. At the same time, with the support of Sinhala nationalist groups, governments have also portrayed NGOs and foreign donors as imperial agents. This criticism has been used against NGOs involved in the promotion and protection of human rights, especially in the war affected areas. This inconsistent behaviour of governments towards NGOs and foreign donors reflects opportunistic politics. Some NGOs and foreign donor agencies have successfully managed to navigate these contradictory government positions. Based on research in the southern and eastern provinces in Sri Lanka, this paper analyses effective NGO engagement at the local level during the post-tsunami and post-war situations. It focuses on those NGOs that have maintained government backing while also positively supporting local governance, community development and human rights.
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Jureidini, Ray, and Nayla Moukarbel. "Female Sri Lankan domestic workers in Lebanon: a case of ‘contract slavery’?" Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30, no. 4 (July 2004): 581–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691830410001699478.
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Ukwatta, Swarna. "Sri Lankan female domestic workers overseas: mothering their children from a distance." Journal of Population Research 27, no. 2 (June 2010): 107–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12546-010-9035-0.
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Wijeratne, Mahinda, and Nilantha De Silva. "Mobile phone intervention for Sri Lankan mushroom producers." Asian Association of Open Universities Journal 9, no. 1 (September 1, 2014): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaouj-09-01-2014-b006.
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It is well-known that traditional methods of technology dissemination are not cost-effective; and that extension agencies are limited very much by personnel resources in approaching the clientele they need to contact. Therefore, at present, many sectors of the world economies are attracted to the use of ICT for technology dissemination. However, such interventions are not common in the agricultural sector, especially in developing countries. Realizing this, the Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension at the University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka, implemented a programme ‘Lifelong Learning for Farmers’ (L3F), employing ICT as one of its components. For this programme, the University of Ruhuna collaborated with the mobile phone company Mobitel(PLC) Ltd and developed an IVR (interactive voice response) system to approach clients. Mushroom production is essentially small-scale and remains a cottage industry. In order to raise the living standards, it is necessary to provide scientific information to scattered production units. Such efforts will turn them into commercial producers and provide an opportunity to compete in the local and foreign markets. This investigation focuses on the use ofmobile phones for technology dissemination to small-scale mushroom producers. The IVR system embedded different two-minute messages employing ODL techniques over six months. The entire series of lessons included the establishment of a mushroom shed; the preparation of the growing medium; filling bags and sterilization; inoculation and incubation of mushroom spawns; harvesting; pests and disease control; processing and preservation; seed production; and business planningand financial management. The results showed that 5,583 clients listen to the lessons; and, according to the spatial distribution, the majority of them were from wet zone districts as the climatic conditions are favourable for the enterprise. However, feedback is still limited.
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Alanezi, Fawaz, and Amer Al Saleh. "Violence against Female Domestic Workers in Kuwait." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 21, no. 4 (2022): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2022-4-106-119.
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This study aims to examine the types and severity of violence and abuse encountered by female domestic workers in Kuwait. Methodologically, the study employed a quantitative approach. This study found that in terms of ethnicity and origin, Philippine and Sri-Lankan females dominated the social care and domestic workers sector in Kuwait. The statistical analysis showed that 82 % encountered physical abuse; 45%, sexual abuse; 88 %, psychological abuse; and 70 %, battering abuse. The paper recommends changes to Kuwaiti criminal laws to include proper prosecution of those who abuse domestic workers. It also recommends the implementation of proper protective mechanisms for these female workers.
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Metwalli, Ali, and Jim P. DeMello. "Mergers and Acquisitions in the Indian Sub-Continent: 2010-2019." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 26, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2021.v26.i2.a3.
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With rising growth rates and per capita income levels on the Indian subcontinent, foreign direct investment in the region, especially through mergers and acquisitions, has increased over the past decade. Using transaction data regarding the industry affiliation of the target and acquiring firms, deal size, deal structure, and deal completion rates from a worldwide M&A database compiled by Thomson Reuters’ Financial Services, this paper aims to provide contemporary and comparative information on merger and acquisition (M&A) activity in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka over the last decade, 2010-2019. The findings have shown that the M&A transaction value and the number of deals in these four South Asian countries increased over this period. Similarities and differences among the four countries are discussed and compared. There was significant growth in the number of deals completed as well as the transaction value of mergers and acquisition activity in India, followed by Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Surprisingly, Sri Lanka had the second largest number of M&A deals, followed by Pakistan and Bangladesh. The findings show that Pakistan accounted for the second highest transaction value, followed by Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. It is interesting to note that the Sri Lankan M&A market had a high ratio (60 percent) of Sri Lankan firms acquiring other Sri Lankan firms, while in Bangladesh, non-Bangladeshi companies accounted for ninety-three percent of the value of all large M&A deals. Our future expectation for M&A opportunities in these four countries of the Indian subcontinent is that they will continue to expand. Future trends, important caveats, policy issues, and implications for managers planning M&A deals in the region are presented.
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Kaluarachchi, Sandunima, and Ruwan Jayathilaka. "Unveiling Sri Lanka’s brain drain and labour market pressure: A study of macroeconomic factors on migration." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (March 11, 2024): e0300343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300343.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of GDP per capita income (GDPPCI), unemployment, higher education (HE), and economic growth (EG) on migration in Sri Lanka. Numerous global and local studies have explored the influence of macroeconomic and socioeconomic factors on migration. In the Sri Lankan context, fewer studies have probed the impact of GDPPCI, unemployment, HE, and EG on migration, particularly concerning brain drain and domestic labour market pressure. An applied research methodology was adopted, utilising annual data from 1986 to 2022. The statistical data were sourced from reports by the Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment (SLBFE), the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL), Labor Force Survey Data from the Department of Census and Statistics (LFSDCS), and University Grants Commissions (UGC). This study utilised the Vector Error Correlation model (VECM), Vector Auto-regression (VAR), and Granger Causality test through STATA. The empirical findings of the VAR model highlighted that GDPPCI and EG negatively impact migration, whereas unemployment and HE positively affect migration. The study’s implications demonstrated that GDPPCI, unemployment, HE, and EG were the primary factors influencing the country’s migration decisions. These findings will hopefully inform and guide the Sri Lankan government and policymakers for more effective decision-making.
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Chaminda K, Wijekoon Herath Mudiyanselage. "SRI LANKA’S STRATEGIC LOCATION AND FOREIGN POLICY RESPONSE TOWARDS INDIA AND US ON CHINESE INVESTMENTS IN SRI LANKA." Jurnal Diplomasi Pertahanan 8, no. 2 (June 6, 2022): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jdp.v8i2.1009.
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Sri Lanka is a small state strategically placed between two powerful States India and China, the island nation is significant for India as its closest maritime neighbor and on the other hand China has become an all-weather friend to Sri Lanka who has not interfered into the internal political issues and a supporting character in international politics. Sri Lanka has been sandwiched between the great power politics of these powerful nations since the U.S. is carrying out its strategy using the strategic alliance of the United States, India, UK, Japan, and Australia to counter the growing influence of China. Most importantly, Sri Lanka being a small state, having balanced relations with the big powers is effective to foster the development goals of the countries. Having understood this paper discusses Sri Lanka’s strategic location and foreign policy response towards India and United States on Chinese investments in Sri Lanka. This paper further discusses external and internal factors, core issues, and intentions of above mentioned powerful nations and Sri Lankan foreign policy towards these powerful nations by fostering closer ties in world politics with two regional giants and the United States.
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JOHN, JINIL. "CHINESE DIPLOMACY OF BILATERAL RELATIONS: ANANALYSIS OF CHINA- SRI LANKA RELATIONS." International Journal of Social Science & Economic Research 09, no. 02 (2024): 423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46609/ijsser.2024.v09i02.003.
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To comprehend the dynamics and character of modern bilateral inter actions, one must study their historical context. To comprehend the dynamics and character of modern bilateral interactions, one must study their historical context. This paper examines the evolution of the China –Sri Lanka relationship since ancient times in four parts. The first section deals with the nature of the relationship in the ancient period, followed by the developments in the postindependent period of Sri Lanka that occurred with the arrival of UNP (United National Party) in power and their formulation of foreign policy which determined the initial attitude of independent Sri Lanka towards China. It was observed that the initial stage of Sri Lanka's foreign policy is deeply rooted in anti-China sentiments due to the legacies of British colonial rule. However, the mutually beneficial Rubber Rice Deal between China and Sri Lanka paved the way for the melting of anti-China feelings among SriLankan officials. Domestic political development along with the arrival of SLFP (Sri Lankan Freedom Party) into power and their pro-China attitude helped to strengthen the relationships between the countries. Chinese investment and aid policies towards Sri Lanka are vital factors in the relationship.