Academic literature on the topic 'SSRI medications'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'SSRI medications.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "SSRI medications"
1
Diem, Susan J., Kristine Ruppert, Jane A. Cauley, YinJuan Lian, Joyce T. Bromberger, Joel S. Finkelstein, Gail A. Greendale, and Daniel H. Solomon. "Rates of Bone Loss Among Women Initiating Antidepressant Medication Use in Midlife." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 98, no. 11 (November 1, 2013): 4355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-1971.
Full textAbstract:
Context: Concern has been raised that medications that block serotonin reuptake may affect bone metabolism, resulting in bone loss. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare annual bone mineral density (BMD) changes among new users of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), new users of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and nonusers of antidepressant medications. Design and Setting: We conducted a prospective cohort study at five clinical centers in the United States. Participants: The study included 1972 community-dwelling women, aged 42 years and older, enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Exposure: The use of antidepressant medications was assessed by interview and verified from medication containers at annual visits. Subjects were categorized as nonusers (no SSRI or TCA use at any examination), SSRI users (initiated SSRI use after the baseline SWAN visit), or TCA users (initiated TCA use after the baseline visit), using a computerized dictionary to categorize type of medication. Main Outcome Measures: BMD at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at annual visits. Results: BMD was compared among 311 new users of SSRIs, 71 new users of TCAs, and 1590 nonusers. After adjustment for potential confounders, including age, race, body mass index, menopausal status, and hormone therapy use, mean lumbar spine BMD decreased on average 0.68% per year in nonusers, 0.63% per year in SSRI users (P = .37 for comparison to nonusers), and 0.40% per year in TCA users (P = .16 for comparison to nonusers). At the total hip and femoral neck, there was also no evidence that SSRI or TCA users had an increased rate of bone loss compared with nonusers. Results were similar in subgroups of women stratified by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (<16 vs ≥16). Conclusions: In this cohort of middle-aged women, use of SSRIs and TCAs was not associated with an increased rate of bone loss at the spine, total hip, or femoral neck.
2
Ferguson, James M. "SSRI Antidepressant Medications." Primary Care Companion to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 03, no. 01 (February 1, 2001): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/pcc.v03n0105.
Full text
3
Altay, Mehmet Ali, Alper Sindel, Öznur Özalp, Nelli Yildirimyan, Dinçer Kader, Uğur Bilge, and Dale A. Baur. "Does the Intake of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Negatively Affect Dental Implant Osseointegration? A Retrospective Study." Journal of Oral Implantology 44, no. 4 (August 1, 2018): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00240.
Full textAbstract:
The success of osseointegration is influenced by several factors that affect bone metabolism and by certain systemic medications. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been previously suggested to be among these medications. This study aims to investigate the association between systemic intake of SSRIs and failure of osseointegration in patients rehabilitated with dental implants. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including a total of 2055 osseointegrated dental implants in 631 patients (109 implants in 36 SSRI \users and 1946 in 595 nonusers). Predictor and outcome variables were SSRI intake and osseointegration failure, respectively. The data were analyzed with Mann–Whitney test or Fisher exact test accordingly. Both patient-level and implant-level models were implemented to evaluate the effect of SSRI exposure on the success of osseointegration of dental implants. Median duration of follow-up was 21.5 months (range = 4–56 months) for SSRI users and 23 months (range –60 months) for nonusers (P = .158). Two of 36 SSRI users had 1 failed implant each; thus, the failure rate was 5.6%. Eleven nonusers also had 1 failed implant each; thus, the failure rate was 1.85%. The difference between the 2 groups failed to reach statistical significance at patient and implant levels (P = .166, P = .149, respectively). The odds of implant failure were 3.123 times greater for SSRI users compared with nonusers. Patients using SSRIs were found to be 3.005 times more likely to experience early implant failure than nonusers. The results of this study suggest that SSRIs may lead to increase in the rate of osseointegration failure, although not reaching statistical significance.
4
Adams, Nicholas Norman. "Do Newer Antidepressant Drugs Really Have Reduced Side Effects? Examining a Random “Real World” Sample of 300+ Receivers of Medications." IAFOR Journal of Psychology & the Behavioral Sciences 6, no. 1 (December 12, 2020): 75–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/ijpbs.6.1.05.
Full textAbstract:
Newer antidepressant drugs are frequently cited as having reduced side effect profiles to that of their older counterparts. However, recent studies have begun to dispute this claim, citing selective sampling, short clinical trials, and clinical trial environments as influencing reported outcomes. At present, little research on antidepressant side effects draws on RWD (Real-World Data). Despite this, interest in examining RWD samples for antidepressant drug side effects is increasing as of 2020. The reported study asked a random sample of 300+ individuals taking a variety of different antidepressant medications to complete online drug side effect self-report scales with previously high validity. Newer antidepressants belonging to the atypical antidepressant drug class were reported as having only slightly reduced side effects of weight gain compared with older SSRI-class medications. No reduced side effects of increased depression, anxiety, sexual dysfunction (SD), sleepiness, or suicidal ideation (SI) were found for the newer atypical-class medications vs older SSRI-class agents. Medication adherence did not differ significantly between SSRI and atypical classes. No evidence for reduced side effects was found for newer SSRI and atypical antidepressants vs older same-class drugs when comparing six new and old medications drawn from atypical and SSRI classes. However, atypical antidepressants were associated with increased use of adjunct medications to bolster primary treatment.
5
Powell, Kerry K., Wei Wang, Kelly J. Kelleher, and Sarah H. O’Brien. "Use of SSRIs Not Associated with Increased Bleeding Events in Children: An Analysis of the Michigan Medicaid Database from 2000–2003." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 2389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2389.2389.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background and Aim : Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been used in children for a variety of psychiatric illnesses including depression, anxiety and eating disorders. In adults, there have been several studies demonstrating an association between SSRIs and increased bleeding events, particularly gastrointestinal bleeds. It is thought that SSRIs affect platelet aggregation by inhibiting serotonin uptake by platelets, resulting in decreased intra-platelet serotonin concentration. To date there are no pediatric studies evaluating bleeding risk in children taking SSRIs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of bleeding events in children who are prescribed SSRIs Methods : We performed a review of the Michigan Medicaid database from 2000–2003 and identified all children ages 0–18 years prescribed six commonly used SSRIs: citalopram, escitalopram, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, paroxetine and sertraline. Children prescribed Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or antipsychotic medications were used as comparison groups. We obtained demographic data including age, gender and race for individuals with both SSRI prescriptions and bleeding events. Bleeding events were defined according to previously published definitions for major and minor bleeding using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9 CM) diagnostic codes. Bleeding events must have occurred within 90 days of an SSRI prescription. For individuals with bleeding events, we evaluated all inpatient, outpatient and long term records during the 6 months before and after the event. We compared the incidence of bleeding events in the SSRI, ADHD, and antipsychotic medication groups by using Proc GENMOD in SAS 9.1.3. This accounted for the fact that there were patients on multiple medications. We found no statistical difference in the total number of bleeding events between the three medication categories. Results : Of 20,631 children prescribed SSRIs in the study population, six children experienced bleeding events (Table 1). The incidence of bleeding was 29 in 100,000 persons. Two events were associated with traumatic injuries and one was observed in a critically ill patient. There were 52,050 children on ADHD medication and 17,340 on atypical antipsychotics. The incidence of bleeding events in these groups was 13 in 100,000 and 40 in 100,000 respectively. Of note, two of six children in the SSRI group with bleeding events were also prescribed ADHD medication. TABLE 1 Patient Age (years) Gender Race Bleeding Event Associated Diagnosis 1 11.3 Male Black Intracerebral hemorrhage Subdural hemorrhage Lymphoid leukemia Sepsis Aspergillosis Acute respiratory failure Acute renal failure Perforation of intestine Adjustment disorder 2 12.3 Male White Hematoma-complication of procedure Femur fracture Closed reduction of fracture ADHD with hyperactivity Depressive disorder 3 13.4 Female White Subarachnoid hemorrhage Extradural hemorrhage Closed fracture base of skull Convulsive disorder Developmental delay 4 17.7 Female White Subdural hemorrhage ADHD with hyperactivity Intracranial injury 5 17.5 Female White Hemorrhage complicating a procedure Acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis Tonsillectomy 6 15.4 Female White Subdural hemorrhage Cerebral palsy Spastic hemiplegia Discussion : We found that the incidence of bleeding events in children taking SSRIs is not increased as compared to those taking ADHD and antipsychotic medication. The majority of bleeding events that occurred in the 6 children prescribed SSRIs were either associated with trauma or a known complication of a surgical procedure. There were no gastrointestinal bleeding events in the SSRI group. Our study suggests that the use of SSRIs does not confer an increased risk of abnormal bleeding events in children.
6
Caley, Charles F. "Extrapyramidal Reactions and the Selective Serotonin-Reuptake Inhibitors." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 31, no. 12 (December 1997): 1481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809703101208.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: To review the known published reports of extrapyramidal reactions (EPRs) associated with the use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). DATA SOURCES: Information was selected from a MEDLINE search (January 1990 to January 1996) of English-language medical literature. Manual searches of pertinent journal article bibliographies were also performed. DATA EXTRACTION: Appropriate information from all reports obtained was included, with specific attention directed toward patient age, gender, primary psychiatric diagnosis, total daily SSRI dosage, dosage escalation strategy, and concurrent psychotropic medications. DATA SYNTHESIS: Reports of EPRs associated with SSRI use have been accumulating in the medical literature for several years. More commonly associated with high-potency antipsychotics, EPRs can have an adverse impact on medication compliance and hospital readmissions. The proposed hypothesis for EPRs occurring with SSRI use involves serotonin's inhibitory actions on extrapyramidal dopamine activity. Other possible contributing factors include pharmacokinetic interactions or drug—disease interactions. EPRs may include dystonias, dyskinesias, akathisia, parkinsonism, exacerbations of Parkinson's disease, and possibly the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The majority of SSRI-related reactions appear to occur within the first month of treatment. Information from available case reports does not strongly support any consistent risk factor, although some worth considering may include total SSRI daily dose, rapid dose escalation strategies, increased age, female gender, concurrent psychotropics known to also precipitate EPRs, and concurrent disease states such as Parkinson's disease. Since SSRI-related EPRs have occurred in different situations with different possible contributing factors, clinical pharmacy practitioners and other healthcare providers should remain aware of these reactions and carefully consider educating and monitoring their patients accordingly. CONCLUSIONS: The use of SSRIs may be associated with the development of EPRs; therefore, appropriate monitoring should be considered for patients so that optimal pharmaceutical care may be provided.
7
Al-Ghamdi, Badr Rashed. "Effect of High Selective Serotonin-Reuptake Inhibitor Doses on the Development and Treatment of Sarcoid-Like Reaction." Case Reports in Medicine 2020 (April 25, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9751837.
Full textAbstract:
Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder characterized by the presence of noncaseating granulomas that are most commonly observed in the lungs. Sarcoid-like reaction has been reported to develop in response to several immune modulator agents and antidepressants. In this report, a case of pulmonary sarcoidosis that was strongly related to the use of more than the average recommended dose of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medications has been described. The patient, a 37-year-old, single, Caucasian woman, who suffered from severe depression and who presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath, low-grade fever, a dry cough, fatigue, and the loss of appetite, was diagnosed with this condition, and she failed to respond to the administered sarcoidosis treatment until the SSRI medications that she was using were discontinued; furthermore, she relapsed when one of these medications was reintroduced. Based on these observations, we were able to show a possible relationship between sarcoid-like reaction and SSRIs, and therefore, in the case of patients with interstitial lung diseases who are using SSRIs, we recommend that meticulous precautions be taken while planning their treatment and careful follow-ups be implemented to monitor their progress.
8
Marchocki, Zbigniew, Noirin E. Russell, and Keelin O’ Donoghue. "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and pregnancy: A review of maternal, fetal and neonatal risks and benefits." Obstetric Medicine 6, no. 4 (August 8, 2013): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753495x13495194.
Full textAbstract:
Depression is common in women of childbearing age. Whereas non-pharmacological interventions are recommended as first line interventions, pharmacological treatment may be required. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed antidepressants in pregnancy. Ideally, discussion of the risks and benefits of SSRI use in pregnancy should occur prior to pregnancy. The potential risks of psychotropic medications need to be balanced against the risks associated with untreated psychiatric conditions and the discontinuation of necessary medications.
9
Lenze, Eric J., David Dixon, Petra Nowotny, Francis E. Lotrich, Peter M. Doré, Bruce G. Pollock, Anthony L. Hinrichs, and Meryl A. Butters. "Escitalopram reduces attentional performance in anxious older adults with high-expression genetic variants at serotonin 2A and 1B receptors." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 16, no. 2 (April 17, 2012): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1461145712000351.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Older adults are among the most vulnerable to adverse cognitive effects of psychotropic medications and, therefore, the personalization of psychotropic treatment based on adverse drug reactions in this demographic is of great importance. We examined changes on neuropsychological tests of attention attributable to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment in anxious older adults. We also examined whether variation in serotonin receptor genes was associated with reduced attentional performance with SSRIs. We examined change from pre- to post-treatment in two attention measures – digit span and coding – in 133 adults aged ⩾60 yr with generalized anxiety disorder in a 12-wk trial of escitalopram vs. placebo. We also examined attentional change in relation to genetic variability in four central serotonin receptors: the serotonin transporter and serotonin 1A, 2A and 1B receptors. Digit span scores were significantly lowered in patients receiving escitalopram relative to placebo, indicating reduced attentional performance attributable to the SSRI. Individuals with high-transcription variants in the receptors 5-HTR2A rs6311 and 5-HTR1B rs11568817 had greater reductions in attention with SSRI treatment compared to placebo. We conclude that SSRIs reduce attention in older adults, particularly in those with high-expression genetic variants at the serotonin 2A and 1B receptors. Analysing neuropsychological changes with SSRIs in relation to genetic variation in the serotonin system may be a useful strategy for detecting subgroups of older adults who are more susceptible to side-effects of SSRIs. These results, if confirmed, could lead to the personalization of SSRI use to reduce adverse neurocognitive effects.
10
Levinson, Michael H., Mortimer Ostow, Edward Wolpert, Larry S. Sandberg, Frederic J. Levine, and Richard M. Gottlieb Responds. "On the Therapeutic Action of SSRI Medications." Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 52, no. 2 (June 2004): 483–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00030651040520020801.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "SSRI medications"
1
Ashbury, Janet E. "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and breast cancer : a record linkage study." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/971.
Full text
2
Löppönen, P. (Pekka). "Preceding medication, inflammation, and hematoma evacuation predict outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage:a population based study." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2016. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526211282.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Primary intracerebral hemorrhage (pICH) is a severe, suddenly occurring disease involving high mortality and poor functional outcome. In the absence of curative treatment patient management is mainly supportive with the emphasis on preventing hematoma enlargement and complications. Better understanding of the factors predicting outcome are needed to define effective treatments. An unselected population-based registry study of 982 pICH patients admitted to Oulu University Hospital during the years 1993 to 2008 was conducted The study revealed that concomitant use of warfarin and serotonin-modulating antidepressants at the time of pICH increases the case fatality rate compared to patients with warfarin alone. An elevated C-reactive protein value on admission was an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome after pICH. This association was not explained by pre-existing heart disease, diabetes, severity of the bleeding, or infections. Patients undergoing surgical hematoma evacuation were observed to have improved 3-month survival compared to conservatively treated patients. Improved survival was noticed especially in patients with ≤70 years of age with ≥30ml supratentorial ICHs. Hematoma evacuation did not improve functional outcome. Earlier ischemic stroke was found to be an independent predictor of recurrent pICH. Diabetes seemed to increase and treated hypertension decrease the risk for fatal recurrence. Aspirin or serotonin-modulating antidepressants did not seem to increase the risk of recurrenceTiivistelmä Primääri aivoverenvuoto (pICH) on vakava, yhtäkkisesti alkava sairaus, johon liittyy korkea kuolleisuus ja vaikea vammautuminen. Parantavan hoidon puuttuessa on hoito lähinnä elintoimintoja tukevaa vuodon laajenemisen ja komplikaatioiden estämistä. Ennusteeseen vaikuttavien tekijöiden parempi tunteminen on ehto tehokkaiden hoitojen löytämiseksi. Väitöskirjatutkimustani varten kerättiin Oulun yliopistollisen sairaalan alueelta vuosien 1993-2008 aikana 982 aivoverenvuotoon sairastuneen potilaan väestöpohjainen aineisto. Tutkimus osoitti, että varfariinin ja selektiivisen serotoniinin takaisinoton estäjän (SSRI) yhteiskäyttö aivoverenvuodon aikana lisäsi kuolevuutta pelkkään varfariiniin nähden. Alkuvaiheen koholla oleva C-reaktiivinen proteiini oli itsenäinen aivoverenvuodon jälkeistä vammautuneisuutta ennustava tekijä. Yhteys ei selittynyt olemassa olevalla sydänsairaudella, diabeteksella, aivoverenvuodon vaikeudella tai infektioilla. Kirurginen aivoverenvuodon poistoleikkaus paransi kolmen kuukauden ennustetta verrattuna potilaisiin ilman leikkausta. Erityisesti leikkaus auttoi alle 70-vuotiaita potilaita, joilla oli yli 30 millilitran kokoinen pinnallisempi vuoto. Leikkaus ei parantanut fyysistä kuntoutumista. Aiempi sairastettu aivoinfarkti oli itsenäinen aivoverenvuodon uusiutumista ennustava tekijä. Diabetes saattaa lisätä ja hoidossa oleva verenpainetauti laskea riskiä tappavaan uusintavuotoon. Aspiriinin tai SSRI:n käyttö eivät lisänneet uusintavuodon riskiä
3
Riley, Nicole Marie. "Injuries Among Elderly Canadians: Psychotropic Medications and the Impact of Alcohol." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/31918.
Full textAbstract:
Psychotropic medication use is widely implicated as a risk factor for injuries, and it is believed that the adverse effect profiles of these medications are exacerbated by the consumption of alcohol. The objectives of this study are (a) to examine the associations between the use of specific classes of psychotropic medications and injuries among elderly participants of the National Population Health Survey (NPHS), and (b) to determine whether and how associations between psychotropic medications and injuries are modified by the consumption of alcohol. Data from Cycles 1 (1994/95), 2 (1996/97), and 3 (1998/99) of the NPHS household longitudinal file were used in this study, selecting community-dwelling participants aged 65 years of age and older in 1994/95. Among antidepressant medications, the magnitude of the risk of injuries was higher for users of tricyclic derivatives (OR=1.4; 95%CI: 0.7 – 2.9) than SSRIs (OR=0.3; 95%CI: 0.1 – 1.0). Benzodiazepine use for any indication increased the risk of injuries, but that effect was not consistent across indications. The use of benzodiazepine antianxiety medications resulted in an increased risk of injuries (OR=2.0; 95%CI: 1.3 – 3.1), but there were no significant effects on the injury risk among benzodiazepine hypnotic and sedative users (OR=0.8; 95%CI: 0.4 – 1.7). Results pertaining to the second objective of this study raised as many questions as they resolved. Alcohol consumption decreased the odds of injury among hypnotic and sedative users, but otherwise, no consistent results were observed. Findings from this study underscore the importance of identifying appropriate alcohol measures for research among elderly populations. They also stress the need to separately consider the impact of different classes of psychotropic medications on injuries (tricyclic antidepressants separate from SSRI antidepressants and antianxiety benzodiazepines separate from hypnotic and sedative benzodiazepines).
Books on the topic "SSRI medications"
1
Stewart, Jessica Ann, L. Mark Russakoff, and Jonathan W. Stewart. Pharmacotherapy, ECT, and TMS. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199326075.003.0016.
Full textAbstract:
Physicians’ attention to patients’ concerns and attitudes about taking medication will engender adherence, as will close monitoring of potentially disconcerting side effects. The primary indication for antipsychotic medications is the treatment of psychotic disorders and mania, even in the absence of psychosis. The more troublesome side effects of antipsychotic medications include increased appetite and weight gain; extrapyramidal side effects, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Antidepressants are effective for treating depressive illness, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. They are also often used effectively in the treatment of anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, and somatic symptom disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are generally well tolerated. Other important categories of medications include mood stabilizers and anxiolytics.
2
Koen, N., T. Amos, J. Ipser, and D. Stein. Antidepressants in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Edited by Charles B. Nemeroff and Charles R. Marmar. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259440.003.0034.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses the use of antidepressants in treating symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Tricyclic antidepressants were the first psychotropic agents to be studied systematically and rigorously for the treatment of PTSD. While early studies focused both on the tricyclics and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), more recent work has centered on the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs); and paroxetine and sertraline are currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in this disorder. However, given the relatively small effect sizes in SSRI trials of PTSD, there is a need for ongoing psychopharmacological research to understand underlying mechanisms of antidepressant efficacy and to optimize response to pharmacotherapy. Further data on pediatric PTSD and on medication prophylaxis are needed before routine antidepressant treatment can be endorsed in these contexts.
3
Benedek, David M., and Gary H. Wynn. Pharmacologic Treatment of Adults with Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders. Edited by Frederick J. Stoddard, David M. Benedek, Mohammed R. Milad, and Robert J. Ursano. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190457136.003.0022.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter reviews evidence-based pharmacological treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, and adjustment disorder in adults. Emphasis is given to treatments that have received the strongest recommendations in published practice guidelines, clinical trials, and meta-analyses. Mention is also made of pharmacological interventions introduced subsequent to changes in diagnostic definitions that occurred with the shift to the category trauma- and stress-related disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition). Medications covered in this chapter are across a broad range of classes and include serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and benzodiazepines. The discussion addresses medications used as monotherapy and as medication augmentation.
4
Kimmel, Ryan J., Peter P. Roy-Byrne, and Deborah S. Cowley. Pharmacological Treatments for Panic Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Specific Phobia, and Social Anxiety Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199342211.003.0015.
Full textAbstract:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line pharmacological treatment for panic disorder based on their low rate of side effects, lack of dietary restrictions, and absence of tolerance. SSRIs and venlafaxine are attractive first-line treatments for social anxiety disorder. Pharmacological treatments of choice for generalized anxiety disorder are buspirone and antidepressants, including SSRIs and venlafaxine. Benzodiazepines, although effective for all these disorders, lack efficacy for comorbid depression and carry the risk of physiological dependence and withdrawal symptoms. Their greatest utility seems to be as an initial or adjunctive medication for patients with disabling symptoms requiring rapid relief and for those unable to tolerate other medications. Chronic treatment with benzodiazepines is generally safe and effective but should probably be reserved for patients nonresponsive or intolerant to other agents. Larger trials are necessary to determine whether pharmacological agents might be useful as monotherapies, or adjuncts to exposure psychotherapy, for specific phobia.
5
Lam, Raymond W. Pharmacotherapy. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199692736.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
• The newer antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, other receptor agents) are first-line medications due to improved safety and tolerability over first-generation medications (TCAs, MAOIs).• Selection of an antidepressant must take into account efficacy, depression subtype, safety, side effect profile, simplicity of use, comorbid conditions, concurrent medications, and cost....
6
Beach, Scott R., and Theodore A. Stern. Antidepressants in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0044.
Full textAbstract:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and atypical antidepressants are considered first-line agents for depression in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting, and are preferred over older antidepressants due to their more benign side effect profile and tolerability. This chapter reviews the literature on the use of antidepressants in the ICU. Common side effects of SSRIs include insomnia and gastrointestinal discomfort, while citalopram may uniquely cause prolongation of the QTc interval. All SSRIs carry a risk for the development of serotonin syndrome following overdose. SNRIs are similar to SSRIs in their side effect profile, although they are more likely to cause hypertension. Mirtazapine is strongly associated with sedation and weight gain. Stimulants may also be used to treat depression in the medically ill, and can be particularly effective in treating apathy, low energy, and loss of appetite. Monotherapy is typically the initial treatment strategy and low doses are generally recommended in the ICU setting. Efficacy may not be apparent for up to 8 weeks. Patients who have been taking an antidepressant prior to their arrival in the ICU should continue on the medication so as to prevent discontinuation syndrome. Delirium may warrant cessation of the antidepressant and potentially dangerous medication interactions also need to be evaluated. At present, there is no evidence to suggest that an antidepressant should be initiated after a significant physical or emotional trauma.
7
Ganança, Licínia, David A. Kahn, and Maria A. Oquendo. Mood Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199326075.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses the mood disorders. Major depressive disorder is characterized by neurovegetative changes, anhedonia, and suicidal ideation. Persistent depressive disorder is a milder form of depression, lasting for at least 2 years, with little or no remission during that time... Psychotic features can occur in both depressive and manic episodes. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is diagnosed through use of a prospective daily symptom ratings log showing a cyclical pattern over at least 2 consecutive months. Patients with mood episodes with mixed features have a high risk of suicide. Some patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder may develop catatonic features characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the usual first-line medication treatment for patients with major depressive disorder. For patients with bipolar disorder the mainstays of somatic therapy are lithium and the anticonvulsants valproate and carbamazepine.
Book chapters on the topic "SSRI medications"
1
Asgari, Mehran, and Melvin D. Lobo. "Other Medications: Desmopressin, Pyridostigmine, Erythropoietin and SSRIs." In Postural Tachycardia Syndrome, 237–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54165-1_34.
Full text
2
Barlow, David H., Todd J. Farchione, Christopher P. Fairholme, Kristen K. Ellard, Christina L. Boisseau, Laura B. Allen, and Jill T. Ehrenreich-May. "Medications for Anxiety, Depression, and Related Emotional Disorders." In Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders, 139–44. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199772667.003.0014.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 14 provides information for the therapist on medications for anxiety, depression, and related emotional disorders. Medication issues are introduced, including methods of combining medication with psychological treatment, descriptions of the most commonly used medications (SSRIs, SNRIs, benzodiazepines), and information on how medications can be discontinued.
3
Roy-Byrne, Peter P., and Deborah S. Cowley. "Pharmacological Treatments for Panic Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Specific Phobia, and Social Anxiety Disorder." In A Guide to Treatments that Work, 395–430. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195304145.003.0014.
Full textAbstract:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are now considered by most experts to be the first-line pharmacological treatment for panic disorder based on their low rate of side effects, lack of dietary restrictions, and absence of tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. Similarly, SSRIs are an attractive first-line treatment for social anxiety disorder. The pharmacological treatments of choice for generalized anxiety disorder are buspirone and antidepressants, including SSRIs and venlafaxine. Both buspirone and antidepressants provide a promising alternative to benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines, although effective for all these disorders, carry with them the risk of physiological dependence and withdrawal symptoms and ineffectiveness for comorbid depression. Their greatest utility at present seems to be as an initial or adjunctive medication for patients with disabling symptoms requiring rapid relief and for those unable to tolerate other medications. Chronic treatment with benzodiazepines is generally safe and effective but should probably be reserved for patients who are nonresponsive or intolerant to other agents. Controlled trials are necessary to determine whether patients with specific phobias respond to pharmacological agents, particularly serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
4
Budson, Andrew E., and Maureen K. O’Connor. "Which medications can improve thinking, memory, behavior, or function?" In Six Steps to Managing Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia, edited by Andrew E. Budson and Maureen K. O’Connor, 181–202. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190098124.003.0013.
Full textAbstract:
Dementia disrupts a number of brain chemicals, and medications may be helpful to restore the balance of these neurotransmitters. When considering a new medication, it is important to set clear, measurable goals; start with a low dose; and track the effects over time. Cholinesterase inhibitors help with memory, mood, behavioral problems, and hallucinations; memantine helps with attention, alertness, mood, and behavioral problems; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) help with mood, anxiety, and behavioral problems; dextromethorphan/quinidine helps with inappropriate laughing or crying as well as behavioral problems; melatonin and acetaminophen help with sleep; atypical neuroleptics help with agitation, aggression, delusions, hallucinations, and picking; carbidopa/levodopa helps with walking, movement, and parkinsonian tremors; and beta blockers help with essential tremor. Clinical trials of new medications being developed may be available for those who are looking for better treatments for their loved one and for the next generation.
5
Budson, Andrew E., and Maureen K. O’Connor. "Which medications can improve thinking, memory, behavior, or function?" In Six Steps to Managing Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia, 181–202. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190098124.003.0013.
Full textAbstract:
Dementia disrupts a number of brain chemicals, and medications may be helpful to restore the balance of these neurotransmitters. When considering a new medication, it is important to set clear, measurable goals; start with a low dose; and track the effects over time. Cholinesterase inhibitors help with memory, mood, behavioral problems, and hallucinations; memantine helps with attention, alertness, mood, and behavioral problems; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) help with mood, anxiety, and behavioral problems; dextromethorphan/quinidine helps with inappropriate laughing or crying as well as behavioral problems; melatonin and acetaminophen help with sleep; atypical neuroleptics help with agitation, aggression, delusions, hallucinations, and picking; carbidopa/levodopa helps with walking, movement, and parkinsonian tremors; and beta blockers help with essential tremor. Clinical trials of new medications being developed may be available for those who are looking for better treatments for their loved one and for the next generation.
6
Lam, Raymond W. "Pharmacological treatments." In Depression, 63–84. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198804147.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
The pharmacological treatments for depression include antidepressants and adjunctive agents. Most of the newer antidepressants (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), other agents) are first-line medications owing to improved safety and tolerability over first-generation medications (e.g. tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors). Selection of an antidepressant must be personalized to an individual patient and must consider factors including efficacy, side-effect profile, safety, specific symptoms, comorbid conditions, concurrent medications, simplicity of use, and cost. Switching antidepressants must take into account factors such as side effects, discontinuation effects, potential drug interactions, and rapidity of switch. Maintenance treatment (6 months to 2 years or longer, depending on individual risk factors) is recommended for all patients treated with antidepressants.
7
Hill, Kevin M. "A teenager who spends hours scrutinizing her skin." In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 129–36. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197577479.003.0016.
Full textAbstract:
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder characterized by a preoccupation with a perceived defect or flaw in physical appearance that is not observable or appears slight to others. Individuals with BDD engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response to appearance concerns such as comparing, excessive grooming, skin picking, mirror checking, or reassurance seeking. Females are much more likely to be affected and the disorder typically begins in adolescence. Many patients do not divulge their symptoms to medical providers unless specifically asked. The first-line medication class for BDD is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Patients with BDD tend to require relatively high doses of SSRIs, and a relatively longer trial duration of 12 to 16 weeks is required to determine response. Research on the most effective psychotherapeutic treatments remains limited; however, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may be a reasonable approach.
8
Nemeroff, Charles B., and Alan F. Schatzberg. "Pharmacological Treatments for Unipolar Depression." In A Guide to Treatments that Work, 271–88. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195304145.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
The treatment of unipolar major depression with antidepressant medication is well established on the basis of scores of randomized placebo-controlled trials involving thousands of patients. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were the first to be studied extensively; meta-analyses of placebo-controlled trials show them to be consistently and significantly more efficacious than a placebo. Because of a narrow safety margin and significant drug-induced adverse side effect problems, TCAs have now largely been replaced as the first-line treatment of depression by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)—fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram, and escitalopram; serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)—venlafaxine and duloxetine; as well as other compounds, including, for example, bupropion and mirtazapine. Each of these agents has been shown to be superior to a placebo and as effective as comparator TCAs or SSRIs in controlled trials. Clinical trials consistently show them to be better tolerated than TCAs, and they clearly have a wider margin of safety. However, there is a controversy concerning whether TCAs are more effective than SSRIs for the treatment of the most severely ill depressed patients. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), while also more effective than placebo, have generally been reserved for treatment-refractory patients; however, a recently released transdermally delivered selegiline may be used in less refractory patients. It is now generally recognized that patients with recurrent major depression benefit from continued antidepressant treatment, and there is evidence that TCAs, SSRIs, SNRIs, and so forth are all effective for the long-term management of recurrent major depression. An important issue in evaluating the antidepressant literature is to distinguish between response rated as a reduction in the level of symptoms on a rating scale and response rated as true remission from illness.
9
Grossman, Mila N. "Worries about being embarrassed in front of classmates." In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 103–10. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197577479.003.0013.
Full textAbstract:
Social anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive anxiety about social situations and fear of being scrutinized by others. The child worries that they will act in a way that will be negatively evaluated or lead to feelings of humiliation, embarrassment, or social rejection. These feelings must occur in the presence of peers. This disorder can affect academic performance and a child’s ability to develop healthy relationships with peers. Social anxiety disorder can be distinguished from normative shyness based on the degree of impairment. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) including gradual exposure to social situations and social effectiveness therapy are the main psychotherapeutic treatment approaches. Medication classes used to treat social anxiety disorder include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
10
Abreu, Manuela. "Intervention for depression, anxiety, and stress in cardiovascular patients." In ESC Handbook of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, 103–10. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198849308.003.0012.
Full textAbstract:
The strong influence of depression on adherence to treatment and the prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) is emphasized in the 2016 European Guidelines on the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in clinical practice and in the 2019 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Therefore it is important that health professionals working in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) are aware of (a) the importance of depression on cardiac mortality, (b) the tools for diagnosis, and (c) the principles of treatment and their impact on prognosis in depressed cardiac patients. Treating depression has the potential to improve CV outcomes, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line antidepressants in coronary heart disease patients. However, it is essential to educate patients about side effects, to monitor them closely, and to be aware of interactions with other medications.
Conference papers on the topic "SSRI medications"
1
Nousias, Stavros, John Lakoumentas, Aris Lalos, Dimitrios Kikidis, Konstantinos Moustakas, Konstantinos Votis, and Dimitrios Tzovaras. "Monitoring asthma medication adherence through content based audio classification." In 2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2016.7849898.
Full text