Academic literature on the topic 'SSSC'

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Journal articles on the topic "SSSC"

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Zhong, Hong-bin, Ting-jun Wang, Gui-li Lian, Chang-sheng Xu, Hua-jun Wang, and Liang-di Xie. "Development of a Rat Model of Sick Sinus Syndrome Using Pinpoint Press Permeation." BioMed Research International 2018 (November 18, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7487324.

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Objective. Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is one of the most common causes of cardiac impairment necessitating pacemaker implantation. However, studies of SSS pathogenesis are neither comprehensive nor conclusive due to limited success in achieving a stable rat SSS model. Here, we modified pinpoint press permeation to establish a stable rat SSS model. Methods. We randomly assigned 138 male Sprague-Dawley rats into three groups: normal control (n = 8), sham (n = 10), and SSS (n = 120). Postoperatively, the SSS group was further divided into SSSA (n = 40), SSSB (n = 40), and SSSC (n = 40), based on reduction in heart rates by 20–30%, 31–40%, and 41–50%, respectively. We also assessed histomorphological characteristics and hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 (HCN4) expression in the sinoatrial node (SAN) at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after surgery. Results. Mortality was statistically higher in SSSC compared to SSSA and SSSB (7.5% versus 90.0% and 87.5%; P < 0.05). Heart rate in SSSA was gradually restored to preoperative levels by week 4 after surgery. In contrast, heart rate in SSSB was stable at 2–3 weeks after surgery. However, we observed that the tissues and cells in SAN were severely injured and also found a time-dependent increase in collagen content and atrium myocardium in SSSB. HCN4 expression was significantly reduced at all 4 time points in SSSB, with statistically significant differences among the groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion. We successfully developed a rat SSS model that was sustainable for up to 4 weeks.
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Luan, Kuifeng, Hui Li, Jie Wang, et al. "Quantitative Inversion Method of Surface Suspended Sand Concentration in Yangtze Estuary Based on Selected Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Bands." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (2022): 13076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013076.

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The distribution of the surface suspended sand concentration (SSSC) in the Yangtze River estuary is extremely complex. Therefore, effective methods are needed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of SSSC inversion. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology provides an effective technical means of accurately monitoring and quantitatively inverting SSSC. In this study, a new framework for the accurate inversion of the SSSC in the Yangtze River estuary using hyperspectral remote sensing is proposed. First, we quantitatively simulated water bodies with different SSSCs using sediment samples from the Yangtze River estuary, and analyzed the spectral characteristics of water bodies with different SSSCs. On this basis, we compared six spectral transformation forms, and selected the first derivative (FD) transformation as the optimal spectral transformation form. Subsequently, we compared two feature band extraction methods: the successive projections algorithm (SPA) and the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) method. Then, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) model and back propagation (BP) neural network model were constructed. The BP neural network model was determined as the best inversion model. The new FD-CARS-BP framework was applied to the airborne hyperspectral data of the Yangtze estuary, with R2 of 0.9203, RPD of 4.5697, RMSE of 0.0339 kg/m3, and RMSE% of 8.55%, which are markedly higher than those of other framework combination forms, further verifying the effectiveness of the FD-CARS-BP framework in the quantitative inversion process of SSSC in the Yangtze estuary.
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Urrea-Aguirre, Cristian, Sergio D. Saldarriaga-Zuluaga, Santiago Bustamante-Mesa, Jesús M. López-Lezama, and Nicolás Muñoz-Galeano. "Optimal Placement and Sizing of Modular Series Static Synchronous Compensators (M-SSSCs) for Enhanced Transmission Line Loadability, Loss Reduction, and Stability Improvement." Processes 13, no. 1 (2024): 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010034.

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This paper addresses the optimal placement and sizing of Modular Static Synchronous Series Compensators (M-SSSCs) to enhance power system performance. The proposed methodology optimizes four key objectives: reducing transmission line loadability, minimizing power losses, mitigating voltage deviations, and enhancing voltage stability using the L-index. The methodology is validated on two systems: the IEEE 14-bus test network and a sub-area of the Colombian power grid, characterized by aging infrastructure and operational challenges. The optimization process employs three metaheuristic algorithms—Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Teaching–Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO)—to identify optimal configurations. System performance is analyzed under both normal operating conditions and contingency scenarios (N − 1). The results demonstrate that M-SSSC deployment significantly reduces congestion, enhances voltage stability, and improves overall system efficiency. Furthermore, this work highlights the practical application of M-SSSC in modernizing real-world grids, aligning with sustainable energy transition goals. This study identifies the optimal M-SSSC configurations and placement alternatives for the analyzed systems. Specifically, for the Colombian sub-area, the most suitable solutions involve installing M-SSSC devices in capacitive mode on the Termocol–Guajira and Santa Marta–Guajira 220 kV transmission lines.
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Gao, Xiao Fei, Yang Yang, Zhen Long Liang, and Juan Juan Zheng. "A Comparison of Three Indophenol Blue Methods for Measuring Ammonium in Five Types of Soils in China." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.59.

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Three indophenol blue methods have been used to analyze ammounium-N in five typical soils in China. Method I and II, using the same catalyst of sodium nitroprusside but different quantity and types of reagents, are suggested by Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) and Soil Science Society of China (SSSC), respectively. Method III adopts acetone as the catalyst. It was shown that three methods yielded similar ammonium-N contents with each type of soil. But the use of sodium nitroprusside resulted in higher experimental sensitivity; and Method II by SSSC was recommended due to its lower cost.
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Baydoun, Ali, and Fatima Ahmad. "KNOWLEDGE BASE CLOUD FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE KNOWLEDGE RETENTION IN SOFTWARE SUPPLY CHAIN." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 6, no. 8 (2021): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2021.v06i08.007.

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— Most researches focus and suggest Database and Data Warehouses to manage and manipulate organizational knowledge, although both are more suited for running data and information. Hence, they lack the basic constructs required to manipulate knowledge. This research introduces a framework for a new type of Knowledge Base (KB), which refers to as a Software Service Supply Chain Knowledge Base CLOUD (SSSC KB CLOUD) framework. SSSC KB CLOUD framework provides and explores the infrastructure for manipulating knowledge during the developmental process of Software Service Supply Chain (SSSC). Also, it explores the main technical components of the SSSC KB CLOUD and shows how these components integrate and work together to achieve the main aims of SSSC KB CLOUD. The proposed framework shows the life cycle of knowledge in SSSC. It highlights the source of knowledge in SSSC and how it passes the SSSC KM process for sorting and refining. Then, it suggests a SSSC KB CLOUD framework to store and manipulate this knowledge. Finally, it provides the SSSC experts with an interface to access and retrieve knowledge from the SSSC KB CLOUD. The SSSC KB CLOUD consists of four components: Knowledge Cloud Management System (KCMS), Prior Projects Knowledge Marts (PPKM), Experts’ Base (EB), and SSSC Group Formation CLOUD. KCMS provides a management system of SSSC KB CLOUD, while, PPKM is considered a knowledge repository of the knowledge captured during the development of projects, it also stores and holds all the retained SSSC knowledge. Moreover, EB stores and holds the SSSC experts’ details, including the area of expertise, experience, education, etc. Thus, SSSC KB CLOUD holds the experts’ details and records in its EB. Given the previously mentioned components, the SSSC KB CLOUD framework suggests SSSC group formation CLOUD, a new functionality of forming a new SSSC experts’ group to work and complete the new client project.
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Rao, H. V. Gururaja, Nagesh Prabhu, and R. C. Mala. "Emulated reactance and resistance by a SSSC incorporating energy storage device." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 2 (2019): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i2.pp840-850.

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<p>Static Synchronous series compensator without energy storage device can exchange only reactive power with the network and can operate in limited operating range in two quadrants only. When energy storage device is connected at the DC bus of SSSC (SSSC – ES), it can also exchange real power with the network. Operating range of SSSC will be much broader and it covers all the four quadrants. However, emulated reactance and resistance by SSSC – ES is likely to affect the performance of a distance protection system. This paper presents a detailed model of an SMIB system with SSSC – ES. Injected voltage by SSSC – ES in all the four quadrants of operation is presented. Impact of operation of SSSC _ ES in different quadrants and various control strategies for SSSC – ES on impedance emulated by SSSC – ES during steady state condition and transient system disturbance is discussed. </p>
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Rao, H. V. Gururaja, Nagesh Prabhu, and R. C. Mala. "Emulated reactance and resistance by a SSSC incorporating energy storage device." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 2 (2019): 840–50. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i2.pp840-850.

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Static Synchronous series compensator without energy storage device can exchange only reactive power with the network and can operate in limited operating range in two quadrants only. When energy storage device is connected at the DC bus of SSSC (SSSC – ES), it can also exchange real power with the network. Operating range of SSSC will be much broader and it covers all the four quadrants. However, emulated reactance and resistance by SSSC – ES is likely to affect the performance of a distance protection system. This paper presents a detailed model of an SMIB system with SSSC – ES. Injected voltage by SSSC – ES in all the four quadrants of operation is presented. Impact of operation of SSSC – ES in different quadrants and various control strategies for SSSC – ES on impedance emulated by SSSC – ES during steady state condition and transient system disturbance is discussed.
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Kaga, Hideyoshi, Yoshifumi Tamura, Kageumi Takeno, et al. "Higher C-Peptide Level During Glucose Clamp Is Associated With Muscle Insulin Resistance in Nonobese Japanese Men." Journal of the Endocrine Society 3, no. 10 (2019): 1847–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2019-00167.

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Abstract Context Circulating C-peptide is generally suppressed by exogenous insulin infusion. However, steady-state serum C-peptide (SSSC) levels during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in obese subjects are higher than in healthy subjects, which may contribute to hyperinsulinemia to compensate for insulin resistance. Even in healthy subjects, interindividual variations in SSSC levels are present; however, the characteristics of subjects with high SSSC levels in those populations have not been fully elucidated. Objective To investigate the clinical parameters associated with interindividual variations in SSSC levels in apparently healthy, nonobese Japanese men. Design and Participants We studied 49 nonobese (BMI < 25 kg/m2), healthy Japanese men. We evaluated SSSC and insulin sensitivity using hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with tracer. Intrahepatic lipid (IHL) was measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results We divided subjects into high and low SSSC groups based on the median SSSC value and compared their clinical parameters. Compared with the low SSSC group, the high SSSC group had IHL accumulation, impaired muscle insulin sensitivity, reduced insulin clearance, and hyperinsulinemia during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). All of these factors were significantly correlated with SSSC. Conclusions In healthy, nonobese men, higher SSSC was associated with impaired muscle insulin sensitivity, IHL accumulation, and hyperinsulinemia during OGTT. These findings suggest that higher endogenous insulin secretion during hyperinsulinemia, along with reduced insulin clearance, may be an early change to maintain metabolic status in the face of moderate muscle insulin resistance, even in healthy, nonobese men.
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Thirumalaivasan, R., M. Janaki, and Nagesh Prabhu. "Investigation of SSR Characteristics of Hybrid Series Compensated Power System with SSSC." Advances in Power Electronics 2011 (May 22, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/621818.

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The advent of series FACTS controllers, thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) and static synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) has made it possible not only for the fast control of power flow in a transmission line, but also for the mitigation of subsynchronous resonance (SSR) in the presence of fixed series capacitors. SSSC is an emerging controller and this paper presents SSR characteristics of a series compensated system with SSSC. The study system is adapted from IEEE first benchmark model (FBM). The active series compensation is provided by a three-level twenty four-pulse SSSC. The modeling and control details of a three level voltage source converter-(VSC)-based SSSC are discussed. The SSR characteristics of the combined system with constant reactive voltage control mode in SSSC has been investigated. It is shown that the constant reactive voltage control of SSSC has the effect of reducing the electrical resonance frequency, which detunes the SSR. The analysis of SSR with SSSC is carried out based on frequency domain method, eigenvalue analysis and transient simulation. While the eigenvalue and damping torque analysis are based on linearizing the D-Q model of SSSC, the transient simulation considers both D-Q and detailed three phase nonlinear system model using switching functions.
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Ayes Rivera, Irma, Ana Claudia Callau Poduje, Jorge Molina-Carpio, et al. "On the Relationship between Suspended Sediment Concentration, Rainfall Variability and Groundwater: An Empirical and Probabilistic Analysis for the Andean Beni River, Bolivia (2003–2016)." Water 11, no. 12 (2019): 2497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122497.

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Fluvial sediment dynamics plays a key role in the Amazonian environment, with most of the sediments originating in the Andes. The Madeira River, the second largest tributary of the Amazon River, contributes up to 50% of its sediment discharge to the Atlantic Ocean, most of it provided by the Andean part of the Madeira basin, in particular the Beni River. In this study, we assessed the rainfall (R)-surface suspended sediment concentration (SSSC) and discharge (Q)-SSSC relationship at the Rurrenabaque station (200 m a.s.l.) in the Beni Andean piedmont (Bolivia). We started by showing how the R and Q relationship varies throughout the hydrological year (September to August), describing a counter-clockwise hysteresis, and went on to evaluate the R–SSSC and Q–SSSC relationships. Although no marked hysteresis is observed in the first case, a clockwise hysteresis is described in the second. In spite of this, the rating curve normally used ( SSSC = aQ b ) shows a satisfactory R2 = 0.73 (p < 0.05). With regard to water discharge components, a linear function relates the direct surface flow Qs–SSSC, and a hysteresis is observed in the relationship between the base flow Qb and SSSC. A higher base flow index (Qb/Q) is related to lower SSSC and vice versa. This article highlights the role of base flow on sediment dynamics and provides a method to analyze it through a seasonal empirical model combining the influence of both Qb and Qs, which could be employed in other watersheds. A probabilistic method to examine the SSSC relationship with R and Q is also proposed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SSSC"

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Hawley, Joshua Christiaan. "Modeling and Simulation of a Cascaded Three-Level Converter-Based SSSC." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10109.

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This thesis is dedicated to a comprehensive study of static series synchronous compensator (SSSC) systems utilizing cascaded-multilevel converters (CMCs). Among flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controllers, the SSSC has shown feasibility in terms of cost-effectiveness in a wide range of problem-solving abilities from transmission to distribution levels. Referring to the literature reviews, the CMC with separated DC capacitors is clearly the most feasible topology for use as a power converter in the SSSC applications. The control for the CMC-Based SSSC is complicated. The design of the complicated control strategy was begun with well-defined system transfer functions. The stability of the system was achieved by trial and error processes, which were time-consuming and ineffective. The goal of this thesis is to achieve a reliable controller design for the CMC-based SSSC. Major contributions are addressed as follows: 1) accurate models of the CMC for reactive power compensations in both ABC and DQ0 coordinates, and 2) an effective decoupling power control technique. To simplify the control system design, well-defined models of the CMC-Based SSSC in both ABC and DQ0 coordinates are proposed. The proposed models are for the CMC-Based SSSC focus on only three voltage levels but can be expanded for any number of voltage levels. The key system transfer functions are derived and used in the controller design process. To achieve independent power control capability, the control technique, called the decoupling power control used in the design for the CMC-Based STATCOM is applied. This control technique allows both the real and reactive power components to be independently controlled. With the combination of the decoupling power control and the cascaded PWM, a CMC with any number of voltage levels can be simply modeled as a three-level cascaded converter, which is the simplest topology to deal with. This thesis focuses on the detailed design process needed for a CMC-Based SSSC.<br>Master of Science
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AL, Jowder Fawzi A. Rahman. "Embedded SSSC in series capacitor compensation and in voltage source converter station." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84869.

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This thesis shows that series capacitive compensation of transmission lines by a combination of Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and dielectric capacitors lowers the cost of series compensation. The SSSC has two functions: (1) to provide some series capacitive reactance compensation; (2) to damp out incipient unstable Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) modes. Digital simulation using HYPERSIM shows that for an overall capacitive depth of compensation of 0.7 pu, the SSSC component is only about 1/3 of the capacitive Mvar. Based on the transient stability limit, the transmissibility of the line is increased by a factor of 2.23 for a depth of compensation of 0.7.<br>A second objective of this thesis is to extend the application of the SSSC concept. This application is found in HVDC, where there is no synchronizing power. In the family of Voltage-Source Converter (VSC) HVDC, it is possible to embed the control of the SSSC in the converter station so that there is enhanced synchronizing power. The effectiveness of the synchronizing power (together with damping power) is demonstrated through digital simulations of a turbine-generator system which is connected to a VSC-HVDC Station.<br>The thesis shows that the SSSC has two modes of operation: (1) the constant reactance mode, in which the SSSC voltage is proportional to the line current, and (2) the constant quadrature voltage mode, in which the SSSC voltage is a constant quadrature voltage independent of the line current. A comparison between the two modes shows that the constant reactance mode provides higher synchronizing power and has a higher transient stability limit.<br>Eigenvalue analysis and digital simulations are the methodologies used.
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Silva, Daniel Salomão. "Controle de compensador série síncrono estático baseado em conversores multiníveis em cascata assimétrica." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2011. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4108.

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Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-19T19:42:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielsalomaosilva.pdf: 1815639 bytes, checksum: 1ac9991f1cfff85fc90c22c80f5ccaf4 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-20T13:12:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 danielsalomaosilva.pdf: 1815639 bytes, checksum: 1ac9991f1cfff85fc90c22c80f5ccaf4 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T13:12:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 danielsalomaosilva.pdf: 1815639 bytes, checksum: 1ac9991f1cfff85fc90c22c80f5ccaf4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01<br>O Compensador Série Síncrono Estático (SSSC – Static Synchronous Series Compensator) é um controlador FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) proposto na literatura para controlar o fluxo de potência pelas linhas de transmissão a corrente alternada. O SSSC é um compensador de potência reativa baseado em conversores eletrônicos de potência de alta capacidade ligados em série com as linhas de transmissão. Neste trabalho são utilizados conversores fonte de tensão (do inglês, VSC – Voltage Source Converters) multiníveis em cascata assimétrica, ligados ao sistema elétrico sem transformadores. O uso do SSSC aumenta as margens de estabilidade, a controlabilidade e a capacidade de transferência de potência de um sistema elétrico. Como a tensão sintetizada pelo SSSC está em quadratura com a corrente pela linha, pode-se utilizá-lo para emular uma reatância série, impor uma tensão ou injetar/absorver potência reativa em série com a linha de transmissão compensada. Neste trabalho são estudados cinco diferentes algoritmos para controlar as tensões geradas pelo SSSC. Resultados de simulações digitais são utilizados para verificar o desempenho de cada algoritmo implementado.<br>The Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) is a FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) controller proposed in the literature to control the power flow through the transmission power lines. The SSSC is a series connected compensator based on static power electronics converters. In this work, three single-phase asymmetrical cascaded multilevel voltage source converters (VSC) are used, connected to the electric power system without transformers. The use of SSSC increases the stability limit, the controllability and the transfer power capacity of electric power systems. Since the voltage synthesized by SSSC is in quadrature with line current, it can be used to emulate a series reactance, to synthesize a voltage or to inject/absorb reactive power in series with the compensated transmission line. Five different control algorithms are investigated to control the output voltages of the SSSC. Digital simulation results are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of each control strategy.
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Sadeghzadeh, Nokhodberiz Seyed Mohammad. "Amélioration de la stabilité transitoire des oscillations d'un réseau électrique à l'aide de SMES et de SSSC." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0033.

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Dans ce travail, la stabilité transitoire et l'amortissement des oscillations dans les réseaux électriques sont améliorés en utilisant la commande en ligne du SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage) et du SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). Les commandes proposées sont basées sur la théorie de la logique floue. Dans le cas du SSSC, elle est associée à la fonction d'énergie transitoire. Nous avons également associé une loi de type mode glissant pour éliminer le lien hors ligne entre la commande du SMES et le centre de contrôle des réseaux. Ceci permet un maintien du fonctionnement du régulateur en l'absence de phase d'apprentissage. Le SMES et le SSSC sont connectés à un point intermédiaire d'une longue ligne qui relie deux parties du réseau. Une réalisation pratique du régulateur à été étudié et les mesures nécessaires pour la commande peuvent s'obtenir à partir du noeud auquel est connecté le régulateur. Afin de valider les commandes proposées, elles ont été implantées en simulation sur deux exemples de réseaux : un réseau comportant une ligne et le réseau de New England. Les résultats obtenus montrent une amélioration considérable du temps critique d'élimination du défaut ainsi que l'amortissement des oscillations après le défaut. Notre méthode a également apporté une augmentation de la capacité de transfert correspondant aux lignes de transmission
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Menezes, Maxwell Martins de [UNESP]. "Ajuste de parâmetros de controladores suplementares (POD) através de redes neurais artificiais em dispositivos FACTS TCSC e SSSC." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87112.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-11-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:49:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 menezes_mm_me_ilha.pdf: 769292 bytes, checksum: 4b80be15a6104228fa9612312498644f (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Este trabalho apresenta estudos referentes à estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do SEP, considerando a atuação de FACTS para o amortecimento das oscilações eletromecânicas de baixa frequência. São abordados os dispositivos FACTS TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) e o SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). É realizada a representação e modelagem dos dispositivos FACTS no SEP inserindo no Modelo Sensibilidade de Potência. Para melhorar o desempenho do SEP no que se refere à estabilidade a pequenas perturbações, controladores suplementares são propostos para aumentar o desempenho dos dispositivos TCSC e SSSC, introduzindo o amortecimento necessário ao SEP. Adicionam-se os controladores suplementares POD no modelo modificado para os dispositivos TCSC e SSSC para verificar sua atuação. Para encontrar a melhor localização para instalação dos dispositivos é usado a teoria dos resíduos. Esta mesma teoria é usada também para o ajuste dos parâmetros dos controlares juntamente com outro ajuste feito através de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA), que é proposto como alternativa de comparação ao método dos resíduos. Simulações são efetuadas em um sistema teste simétrico para se verificar resultados e a eficácia do controlador POD (parâmetros ajustados pela RNA proposta), acoplados aos dispositivos FACTS, na manutenção da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do SEP. Palavras-chave: Controladores POD. Estabilidade de sistema de potência. Redes neurais artificiais. TCSC e SSSC<br>This work presents studies referred to short term Electric Power System (EPS) perturbations, considering the actuation of FACTS devices for low frequency electromechanical oscillation damping. The devices considered are: FACTS TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) and the SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). It is representation and modeling FACTS devices in the EPS inserting in the Power Sensitivity Model. To improve the performance of the EPS considering the short term perturbations, additional controllers are proposed to increase the performance of the TCSC and SSSC devices, introducing the necessary damping to the EPS. The additional POD controller is added to the modified model for TCSC and SSSC devices to verify the acting. The residual theory is used to find the best location to install the devices. The same theory is used to adjust the parameters of the controllers and an adjustment with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is proposed as an alternative to the residual method. Simulations are effectuated for a symmetric test system to verify the efficiency of the POD controller (parameters adjusted by the ANN proposed), coupled with the FACTS devices, to maintain the stability considering the short term perturbations
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Menezes, Maxwell Martins de. "Ajuste de parâmetros de controladores suplementares (POD) através de redes neurais artificiais em dispositivos FACTS TCSC e SSSC /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87112.

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Orientador: Percival Bueno de Araujo<br>Banca: Anna Diva Plasencia Lotufo<br>Banca: George Lauro Ribeiro de Brito<br>Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta estudos referentes à estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do SEP, considerando a atuação de FACTS para o amortecimento das oscilações eletromecânicas de baixa frequência. São abordados os dispositivos FACTS TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) e o SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). É realizada a representação e modelagem dos dispositivos FACTS no SEP inserindo no Modelo Sensibilidade de Potência. Para melhorar o desempenho do SEP no que se refere à estabilidade a pequenas perturbações, controladores suplementares são propostos para aumentar o desempenho dos dispositivos TCSC e SSSC, introduzindo o amortecimento necessário ao SEP. Adicionam-se os controladores suplementares POD no modelo modificado para os dispositivos TCSC e SSSC para verificar sua atuação. Para encontrar a melhor localização para instalação dos dispositivos é usado a teoria dos resíduos. Esta mesma teoria é usada também para o ajuste dos parâmetros dos controlares juntamente com outro ajuste feito através de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA), que é proposto como alternativa de comparação ao método dos resíduos. Simulações são efetuadas em um sistema teste simétrico para se verificar resultados e a eficácia do controlador POD (parâmetros ajustados pela RNA proposta), acoplados aos dispositivos FACTS, na manutenção da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do SEP. Palavras-chave: Controladores POD. Estabilidade de sistema de potência. Redes neurais artificiais. TCSC e SSSC<br>Abstract: This work presents studies referred to short term Electric Power System (EPS) perturbations, considering the actuation of FACTS devices for low frequency electromechanical oscillation damping. The devices considered are: FACTS TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) and the SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). It is representation and modeling FACTS devices in the EPS inserting in the Power Sensitivity Model. To improve the performance of the EPS considering the short term perturbations, additional controllers are proposed to increase the performance of the TCSC and SSSC devices, introducing the necessary damping to the EPS. The additional POD controller is added to the modified model for TCSC and SSSC devices to verify the acting. The residual theory is used to find the best location to install the devices. The same theory is used to adjust the parameters of the controllers and an adjustment with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is proposed as an alternative to the residual method. Simulations are effectuated for a symmetric test system to verify the efficiency of the POD controller (parameters adjusted by the ANN proposed), coupled with the FACTS devices, to maintain the stability considering the short term perturbations<br>Mestre
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Pupin, Carlos Eduardo [UNESP]. "Estudo da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações de sistemas elétricos multimáquinas com dispositivos FACTS do tipo SSSC e controladores suplementares (POD e PSS)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87113.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-05-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:08:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pupin_ce_me_ilha.pdf: 1801957 bytes, checksum: 06dbcbacdd038bf23cf8b0bfc982dbeb (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Este trabalho apresenta estudos referentes à estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do sistema elétrico de potência, considerando a atuação de FACTS para o amortecimento das oscilações eletromecânicas de baixa freqüência. É abordado o dispositivo FACTS SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). Para este fim o sistema elétrico é modelado, modificando-se o Modelo de Sensibilidade de Potência para se inserir o compensador. Para melhorar a estabilidade do sistema desenvolvido, controladores são propostos para maximizar o desempenho do dispositivo SSSC, e dessa forma introduzir amortecimento ao sistema elétrico. Acrescenta-se ao modelo desenvolvido os Estabilizadores de Sistemas de Potência (ESP ou PSS – Power System Stabilizers) e o Power Oscillation Damping (POD), para atuação conjunta com o SSSC. Utilizando os fatores de participação e teoria de resíduos é possível encontrar a melhor localização para instalação dos dispositivos e realizar o ajuste dos parâmetros dos controladores. Simulações são realizadas para dois sistemas teste; um de quatro e outro de dez geradores. A partir dos resultados obtidos conclui-se pela potencialidade da utilização do SSSC para a melhoria da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do sistema elétrico de potência.<br>This work presents studies to provide damping to low frequencies oscillations of the electrical power systems by FACTS devices, considering SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). This is developed and implemented using the Power Sensitivity Model for multimachine systems. Afterwards, the SSSC devices are introduced as well as the controllers. The PSS (Power Systems Stabilizers) and POD (Power Oscillation Damping) controllers has been included using the participation factor and residue number theory to examine their best allocation on the electrical power systems. The study is based on modal analysis and time domain simulations using two test systems: four and ten generators. The simulation results show the capability of this method for small signal stability improvement for the electric power systems.
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Pupin, Carlos Eduardo. "Estudo da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações de sistemas elétricos multimáquinas com dispositivos FACTS do tipo SSSC e controladores suplementares (POD e PSS) /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87113.

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Orientador: Percival Bueno de Araujo<br>Banca: Francisco Villarreal Alvarado<br>Banca: Élcio Precioso de Paiva<br>Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta estudos referentes à estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do sistema elétrico de potência, considerando a atuação de FACTS para o amortecimento das oscilações eletromecânicas de baixa freqüência. É abordado o dispositivo FACTS SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). Para este fim o sistema elétrico é modelado, modificando-se o Modelo de Sensibilidade de Potência para se inserir o compensador. Para melhorar a estabilidade do sistema desenvolvido, controladores são propostos para maximizar o desempenho do dispositivo SSSC, e dessa forma introduzir amortecimento ao sistema elétrico. Acrescenta-se ao modelo desenvolvido os Estabilizadores de Sistemas de Potência (ESP ou PSS - Power System Stabilizers) e o Power Oscillation Damping (POD), para atuação conjunta com o SSSC. Utilizando os fatores de participação e teoria de resíduos é possível encontrar a melhor localização para instalação dos dispositivos e realizar o ajuste dos parâmetros dos controladores. Simulações são realizadas para dois sistemas teste; um de quatro e outro de dez geradores. A partir dos resultados obtidos conclui-se pela potencialidade da utilização do SSSC para a melhoria da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do sistema elétrico de potência.<br>Abstract: This work presents studies to provide damping to low frequencies oscillations of the electrical power systems by FACTS devices, considering SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). This is developed and implemented using the Power Sensitivity Model for multimachine systems. Afterwards, the SSSC devices are introduced as well as the controllers. The PSS (Power Systems Stabilizers) and POD (Power Oscillation Damping) controllers has been included using the participation factor and residue number theory to examine their best allocation on the electrical power systems. The study is based on modal analysis and time domain simulations using two test systems: four and ten generators. The simulation results show the capability of this method for small signal stability improvement for the electric power systems.<br>Mestre
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Pupin, Carlos Eduardo. "Estabilidade de sistemas de potência com dispositivos FACTS SSSC e STATCOM adaptados ao fluxo de potência, com controladores ESP e POD ajustados pela técnica Particle Swarm Optimization /." Ilha Solteira, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180444.

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Orientador: Percival Bueno de Araujo<br>Resumo: Neste trabalho é desenvolvido o modelo matemático de sistemas elétricos de potência multimáquinas para avaliar a estabilidade a pequenas perturbações, com a atuação simultânea de diferentes dispositivos FACTS controlando o fluxo de potência. Os FACTS do tipo SSSC e STATCOM são modelados, considerando suas perdas internas, o modelo resultante é acrescentado à resolução do fluxo de potência, considerando que cada dispositivo FACTS controla uma grandeza do sistema. Utilizando da solução do fluxo, das matrizes Ybarra e Jacobiana, e também tensões e potências, estes são empregados ao Modelo de Sensibilidade de Potência, por meio de simulações, é verificada a atuação dos elementos de controle na estabilidade a pequenas perturbações de sistemas multimáquinas. Para acréscimo de amortecimento às oscilações eletromecânicas, são aplicados controladores ESP e POD. A partir da representação de espaço de estados do modelo final, os autovalores resultantes são estudados para avaliar a estabilidade do sistema. Ao final é discutida a atuação individual e conjunta dos dispositivos FACTS na estabilidade, quando aplicados ao controle do fluxo de potência.<br>Abstract: In this work the mathematical model of multi-machine power electric systems is developed to evaluate the stability to small perturbations, with the simultaneous actuation of different FACTS devices controlling the power flow. The FACTS of type SSSC and STATCOM are modeled, considering their internal losses, the resulting model is added to the resolution of the power flow, considering that each FACTS device controls a quantity of the system. By the solution of the power flux, the Ybus and Jacobian matrices, as well as voltages and powers, these are used to the Power Sensitivity Model, by means of simulations, it is verified the performance of the control elements in the stability to small perturbation of multi-machine systems. For addition of damping to electromechanical oscillations, ESP and POD controllers are applied. From the state space representation of the final model, the resulting eigenvalues are studied to evaluate the stability of the system. At the end, the individual and combined performance of the FACTS devices in the stability, when applied to the control of the power flow, is discussed.<br>Doutor
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Petchenko, Rostyslav. "Rozpad SSSR a transformace Ruska." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-2471.

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Diplomová práce zkoumá proces rozpadu Sovětského svazu a vývoj Ruska v období transformace až do roku 2006. Práce zohledňuje jak hospodářský vývoje země, tak i změny v politickém životě, neboť ekonomická transformace je v Rusku mnohem více než v jiných zemích spojena s transformací politickou. Zvláštní pozornost je věnovaná analýze ruské finanční krize v roce 1998.
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Books on the topic "SSSC"

1

Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy. The statement of support services costs (SSSC): Guidance notes for practitioners. CIPFA, 1995.

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Carole, Danbury, and South Staffordshire Sailing Club, eds. SSSC: The first fifty years : the history of the South Staffordshire Sailing Club 1954-2004. SSSC, 2004.

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Kudinov, M. V. Opora mirnogo truda i oborony: Ocherki istorii oboronnykh obshchestv T͡Sarit͡syna--Stalingrada. KnigoGrad, 2011.

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S, Biskė G., Pokrovskai͡a︡ Irina Petrovna, Sokolov Vladimir Alekseevich, and Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR. Karelʹskiĭ filial., eds. Gody sversheniĭ. "Karelii͡a︡", 1986.

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V, Bakhareva G., Kopaneva N. P, Sirotkina M. A, and Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR Biblioteka, eds. Problemy formirovanii͡a︡ i raskrytii͡a︡ fondov Biblioteki Akademii nauk SSSR: Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. Biblioteka Akademii nauk SSSR, 1985.

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Z, Zăkiev M., and Institut i͡a︡zyka, literatury i istorii im. G. Ibragimova., eds. 50 let poiskov i otkrytiĭ. Tatarskoe knizhnoe izd-vo, 1989.

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Zaĭt͡sev, Ivan Kireevich. Gidrogeokhimii͡a SSSR. "Nedra," Leningradskoe otd-nie, 1986.

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Erashov, Aleksandr. Azbuka SSSR. Metrokombank, 2009.

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Korolev, Kirill. SSSR: Avtobiografii︠a︡. ĖKSMO, 2010.

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Gilʹberg, Lev Abramovich, A. A. Eremenko, I͡U A. Mozzhorin, and V. S. Avduevskiĭ. Kosmonavtika SSSR. Mashinostroenie, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "SSSC"

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Badar, Rabiah, and Jan Shair. "Adaptive NeuroFuzzy Sliding Mode Based Damping Control for SSSC." In Proceedings of SAI Intelligent Systems Conference (IntelliSys) 2016. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56994-9_7.

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Padhy, Sasmita, and Sidhartha Panda. "Genetically Optimized Supplementary Controller for SSSC to Damp Subsynchronous Oscillations." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27443-5_55.

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Badar, Rabiah, and Jan Shair. "Transient Stability Enhancement Using Sliding Mode Based NeuroFuzzy Control for SSSC." In Studies in Computational Intelligence. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69266-1_3.

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Garg, Lokesh, S. K. Agarwal, and Vivek Kumar. "Enhancement of Transient Stability of Multimachine System Using TCSC, SSSC and UPFC." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5903-2_39.

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Sahu, Preeti Ranjan, Rajesh Kumar Lenka, and Satyajit Panigrahy. "Modified Sine Cosine Algorithm Optimized Fractional-Order PD Type SSSC Controller Design." In Control Applications in Modern Power System. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8815-0_11.

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Chittemma, Y., S. Lalitha kumari, and A. Varaprasad Rao. "Enhancement of ATC in Presence of SSSC Using Linear and Reactive Methods." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3363-7_33.

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Chethan HR and R. Mageshvaran. "Stability Improvement Using SSSC in Synchronous Generation System with PMSG-Based Offshore Wind Farm." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0626-0_41.

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Bohidar, Sankalpa, Samarjeet Satapathy, Narayan Nahak, and Ranjan Kumar Mallick. "Dynamic Stability Enhancement of Power System by Sailfish Algorithm Tuned Fractional SSSC Control Action." In Meta Heuristic Techniques in Software Engineering and Its Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11713-8_26.

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Behera, Badri Narayan, Kamalesh Chandra Rout, and Rudra Narayan Dash. "Enhancement of Power System Stability and Damping Oscillation in a Multi-Machine System Using SSSC." In Smart Technologies for Power and Green Energy. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2764-5_24.

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Dixit, Mukul, and Anshul Dixit. "Analyzing the Impact of Integration of SSSC/TCPS and Wind Turbine in 2-Area Interconnected Power System Networks." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6970-5_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "SSSC"

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Samal, Kalpana Bijayeeni, Abhijeet Choudhury, Swagat Pati, and Renu Sharma. "Performance Investigation of an FC Based SSSC Controlled SEIG." In 2024 IEEE 4th International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future Electric Transportation (SEFET). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sefet61574.2024.10718198.

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Satheesan, Sreelakshmi, and Anilkumar T T. "Coordinated Control of PSS and SSSC Using Ant Colony Optimization." In 2024 International Conference on Advancements in Power, Communication and Intelligent Systems (APCI). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apci61480.2024.10616952.

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Zuniga-Haro, Pavel, and J. M. Ramirez. "Multipulse VSC based SSSC." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2008.4596517.

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Fernandez, Pablo, Francisco D. Freijedo, Jesus Doval-Gandoy, and Jano Malvar. "Control algorithm for a SSSC." In 2009 Compatability and Power Electronics (CPE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpe.2009.5156042.

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Zuniga-Haro, Pavel. "Harmonic Modeling of multi-pulse SSSC." In 2009 IEEE Bucharest PowerTech (POWERTECH). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2009.5282129.

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Salem, Sasan, and V. K. Sood. "Modeling of SSSC with EMTP RV." In 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2006.295993.

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Pandey, R. K., and N. K. Singh. "Optimal power oscillation damping with SSSC." In TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2008.4766499.

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Atighechi, H., A. Jalilian, and A. Shoulaie. "Modeling of SSSC in harmonic domain." In 2007 42nd International Universities Power Engineering Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/upec.2007.4469112.

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Geethalakshmi, B., and P. Dananjayan. "A combined multipulse-multilevel inverter based SSSC." In 2009 International Conference on Power Systems. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpws.2009.5442662.

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Collins, C. D., N. R. Watson, and A. R. Wood. "Unbalanced SSSC modelling in the harmonic domain." In 2005 International Power Engineering Conference. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipec.2005.206999.

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Reports on the topic "SSSC"

1

Taylor, R. Solid State Sciences Committee (SSSC). Technical progress report, May 1, 1992--April 30, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/32511.

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Wang, Yong-Yi, and Jiawei Wang. PR350-233804-R01 Comprehensive Review of SSWC Assessment. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2025. https://doi.org/10.55274/r0000118.

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Selective seam weld corrosion (SSWC) is a form of corrosion attack that preferentially occurs along the weld bond line/fusion zone of linepipes. SSWC is an integrity threat mainly for vintage pipes, particularly those manufactured before 1970 using ERW (DC-ERW and LF-ERW) and flash welding. SSWC has resulted in multiple pipeline failures. Assessing the significance of SSWC, e.g., producing a reasonably accurate prediction of burst pressure of a pipeline segment containing SSWC, remains a challenge for the pipeline industry. This project consists of four major parts: - Review prior work on burst pressure prediction, - Evaluate the performance of current burst pressure models against the 12 SSWC failures described in a previously published report, - Use a first-principles approach to examine the relative impact of factors affecting the burst pressure prediction of SSWC, and - Develop directions for improving burst pressure predictions for pipeline segments containing SSWC. The evaluation of the current burst pressure models enables the understanding of their limitations and the potentials for improvements. The examination of various factors affecting burst pressure prediction allows the identification of major factors that must be incorporated into future burst pressure models for accurate burst pressure prediction. The outcomes of this work provide clear directions for future model improvements.
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McMahan, Tara, Bill Amend, Ken Evans, Tom Bubenik, and Michael Rosenfeld. PR186-223601-R01 Evaluation of Selective Seam Weld Corrosion Susceptibility. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0000065.

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Selective seam weld corrosion (SSWC) in autogenous welds is characterized by accelerated corrosion of or near the bondline which results in a groove-like feature that often coincides with shallower corrosion that can extend beyond the limits of the longitudinal seam. Historically, SSWC has been referred to as "grooving corrosion", "knife-line attack", or "trench-like corrosion". In 2021, the Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI) funded a project, PRCI Project EC-2-12, to evaluate SSWC as a threat to gas and liquid pipeline systems. The project included a literature review of key parameters influencing the likelihood of SSWC within a particular type of pipe over others, benchmarking of the key parameters using industry experience and data, and the development of a susceptibility process for the threat of SSWC within gas and liquid pipeline segments. From the literature review, a summary of hypothesized influencing parameters was compiled and those considered to more strongly and consistently indicative of susceptibility were identified as key parameters (e.g., longitudinal seam weld type, chemical composition of the plate material, and evidence of a post-weld heat treatment, etc.). The key parameters were then benchmarked against pipeline industry data from confidential as well as public sources. Industry data were collected for line pipe known to be susceptible to the threat of SSWC (i.e., SSWC has been identified within it through direct examination and/or metallurgical analysis). Additionally, mill test reports for line pipe manufactured prior to 1990 and historical line pipe manufacturing specifications that could indicate typical manufacturing practices of the time were collected and compiled. As a result of the benchmarking effort, some key parameters were confirmed, and others were dismissed if industry data indicated it was unlikely they could be relied upon to determine susceptibility to the threat of SSWC individually or in concert with other parameters. Key parameters confirmed as reliable through industry benchmarking and considered readily accessible to most pipeline operators informed the development of a SSWC susceptibility determination process. The process is comprised of 'swim' lanes that consider threat history, line pipe susceptibility, and environmental influences. The project also included an investigation into the Barnacle probe technique as a potential field deployable methodology to determine susceptibility to SSWC. Currently, it is the most common method to test for SSWC susceptibility in the field and is an electrochemical cell that attaches to the exterior of a pipe directly over the bondline after the surface has been properly cleaned. The linear polarization resistance (LPR) technique is used within the Barnacle cell to measure the polarization resistance of the bondline compared to the polarization resistance of the surrounding base metal. The ratio of the polarization resistances, which is a measure of the relative corrosion rates at the bondline and surrounding metal, provides an indication of how susceptible the bondline is to SSWC. The Barnacle probe technique was applied to materials with varying degrees of anticipated susceptibility. The results of the technique were benchmarked using accelerated dissolution tests to measure actual grooving ratios for the same range of materials.
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Avis, Rupert. South-south Cooperation. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.133.

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This rapid literature review collates available literature on South-South cooperation (SSC) (including the origins of the concept and how is it explained by different developing countries). It draws on a diverse range of sources including academic and grey literature. Given the breadth of debates regarding SSC, this review should be considered as indicative of broad narratives. SSC, both the theoretical notion and its practical application, is a commonly accepted component in discussions of international development policy. However straight forward the concept of SSC might appear, the term is not without ambiguity and many commentators highlight that there is no agreed definition. SSC is broadly understood as the transfer and exchange of resources, technologies and knowledge between developing countries and has grown exponentially in recent years as a result of the increased engagement of ‘new’ or ‘(re)emerging’ development cooperation ‘providers’ from the South. However, the notion of SSC is neither new nor static, rather it has evolved in response to global developments.
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Hofmann, Nina, Robert Ambühl, Suzana Jordan, and Oliver Distler. A systematic literature review- Calcineurin inhibitors treatment in systemic sclerosis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0095.

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Review question / Objective: To systematically review treatment effectiveness and adverse events of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) such as cyclosporine A (CsA) and tacrolimus in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Condition being studied: Systemic sclerosis. Eligibility criteria: • Publications with SSc patients treated with CNIs and available information on the outcome of CNI therapy on SSc disease manifestation will be analysed.• Article types: case reports, clinical study, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, historical article, randomized controlled trial.
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Cialone and Williams. L51589 Investigation of Sulfide-Stress Cracking at Pipe Seam Welds. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010331.

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A metallurgical investigation was undertaken to identify the factors that are responsible for sensitivity to sulfide-stress cracking (SSC) in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of microalloyed high-strength line-pipe steels, when the HAZ does not contain regions of high hardness. Sustained-load tests were conducted in the NACE laboratory sour-gas environment to determine the regions in which SSC initiated, and thereby to identify which regions were most sensitive to SSC.
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Balbis Pérez, Jorge, Jae Sung Kwak, Napoleão Dequech Neto, et al. Integration & Trade Journal: Volume 17: No. 36: January-June, 2013. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008276.

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This issue addresses the South-South cooperation topic and argues that, rather than being much ado about nothing, it is actually tangible and about more than meets the eye, reflecting new avenues of delivery, innovative ways of thinking, and ongoing economic realignment. It features contributions about: The role of institutions in the provision of public goods and their implications for sustainable development; SSC, and its increasing contribution to international dialogue; The rising profile and implications of SSC between LAC and China, Japan, and Korea; The role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in defining, implementing, and evaluating SSC interventions in the region; Comparisons between SSC providers and traditional donors, including a greater focus on the private sector; and Case studies.
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Phillips, Jason Joe. Small-scale Sensitivity Testing (SSST) Laboratory - An Overview of the SSST Facility Capabilities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1494623.

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Courant, E. D., D. R. Douglas, A. A. Garren, and D. E. Johnson. SSC test lattices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5614265.

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Syphers, M. J. SSC design update. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/69211.

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