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Journal articles on the topic 'Stab wounds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Oosthuizen, GV, VY Kong, T. Estherhuizen, JL Bruce, GL Laing, JJ Odendaal, and DL Clarke. "The impact of mechanism on the management and outcome of penetrating colonic trauma." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 100, no. 2 (February 2018): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2017.0147.

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Introduction In light of continuing controversy surrounding the management of penetrating colonic injuries, we set out to compare the outcome of penetrating colonic trauma according to whether the mechanism of injury was a stab wound or a gunshot wound. Methods Our trauma registry was interrogated for the 5-year period from January 2012 to December 2016. All patients over the age of 18 years with penetrating trauma (stab or gunshot) and with intraoperatively proven colonic injury were reviewed. Details of the colonic and concurrent abdominal injuries were recorded, together with the operative management strategy. In-hospital morbidities were divided into colon-related and non-colon related morbidities. The length of hospital stay and mortality were recorded. Direct comparison was made between patients with stab wounds and gunshot wounds to the colon. Results During the 5-year study period, 257 patients sustained a colonic injury secondary to penetrating trauma; 95% (244/257) were male and the mean age was 30 years. A total of 113 (44%) sustained a gunshot wound and the remaining 56% (144/257) sustained a stab wound. Some 88% (226/257) of all patients sustained a single colonic injury, while 12% (31/257) sustained more than one colonic injury. A total of 294 colonic injuries were found at laparotomy. Multiple colonic injuries were less commonly encountered in stab wounds (6%, 9/144 vs. 19%, 22/113, P < 0.001). Primary repair was more commonly performed for stab wounds compared with gunshot wounds (118/144 vs. 59/113, P < 0.001). Patients with gunshot wounds were more likely to need admission to intensive care, more likely to experience anastomotic failure, and had higher mortality. Conclusions It would appear that colonic stab wounds and colonic gunshot wounds are different in terms of severity of the injury and in terms of outcome. While primary repair is almost always applicable to the management of colonic stab wounds, the same cannot be said for colonic gunshot wounds. The management of colonic gunshot wounds should be examined separately from that of stab wounds.

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2

Shatney, Clayton H., Koji Sensaki, and Lori Morgan. "The Natural History of Stab Wounds of the Diaphragm: Implications for a New Management Scheme for Patients with Penetrating Thoracoabdominal Trauma." American Surgeon 69, no. 6 (June 2003): 508–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480306900610.

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For most patients with abdominal stab wounds expectant management has become the norm. Thoracoabdominal stab wounds, however, raise concern about possible diaphragmatic injury, and diagnostic minilaparotomy, laparoscopy, or thoracoscopy have been advocated in such patients. The present study examined the natural course of an untreated diaphragmatic stab wound. With Institutional Review Board approval eight 25- to 30-kg anesthetized pigs underwent a small upper-midline laparotomy. A 1.5- to 2-cm incision was made in each diaphragm—in the muscular portion on one side and in the tendinous area on the other side. Thereafter a 12-F catheter was placed into each thoracic cavity and attached to suction to resolve pneumothoraces. The laparotomy incision was closed, and the thoracic catheters were removed. Six weeks later the animals were reanesthetized, and the diaphragmatic stab wounds were examined at laparotomy. Fifteen of the 16 (93.8 per cent) diaphragmatic wounds were completely healed. All eight stab wounds in the muscular portion of either diaphragm healed spontaneously. In one animal there was a persistent defect in the tendinous portion of the left diaphragm at the site of the stab wound. The tip of the left lateral segment of the liver and the superior pole of the spleen were found in the defect at laparotomy. We conclude that the vast majority of stab wounds to either the muscular or tendinous diaphragm heal spontaneously. Thus invasive procedures to assess the status of the diaphragm in all patients with thoracoabdominal stab wounds is unwarranted.

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3

Haworth, C. S., and J. C. de Villiers. "Stab Wounds to the Temporal Fossa." Neurosurgery 23, no. 4 (October 1, 1988): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198810000-00004.

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Abstract Stab wounds to the temporal fossa appear as a characteristic clinical entity. Patients admitted with stab wounds to the head during the period 1970 to 1986 were reviewed retrospectively. Of these, 10 met the criteria of having suffered a stab wound that penetrated the skull and dura mater of the temporal fossa. Injury to the internal carotid artery-cavernous sinus complex (3 patients) or to the basilar artery-pons region (5 patients) was frequent. Two other patients experienced injury to the trigeminal nerve and the petrous ridge. The mechanical, neurological, radiological, and prognostic features of knife wounds to this region are discussed.

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4

Chowdury, Misbah Ul Hoq, Ali Md Shariful Alam Rubel, Md Samir Uddin, Kanta Deb, and Chowdhury Rifat Jahan. "Injury Pattern in Fatal Cases of Stab Wound." Medicine Today 31, no. 2 (June 26, 2019): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v31i2.41955.

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Introduction: Stabbing is the most common method of homicide as like as other parts of the world. Precise examination of stab wound along with the type of other wounds considering their site, shape, number and orientation of the wounds in relation to each other etc. provide a number of clues which may be of paramount importance in reconstruction and interpretation of the whole events. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in Forensic Medicine Department of Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College, Sylhet from July 2010 to June 2011 and in the year of July 2017 to June 2018 to observe different patterns of injuries in fatal cases of stab wound. 20 autopsies were included in this study using random sampling. Results: Male(90%) are more victimized than female. The pattern of injury that found to be most common is the penetrating wound of the chest injuring either lung or heart. Second most common injury pattern is the penetrating wound of the chest or abdomen injuring eitherstomach or liver.Another pattern is widely scattered multiple stab wounds both on front and back of the body and the fourth pattern is stab wound of the lower limb causing division of a major blood vessel. Conclusion: The stab wound is deeper than it is long or wide. This means depth is the greatest dimension in case of Stab wound and that is where the danger lies as it is evident in this study. Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(2): 76-79

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5

Reed, Kim. "Stab wounds." Nursing Standard 23, no. 41 (June 17, 2009): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2009.06.23.41.58.c7052.

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6

Trigg, Katie. "Stab wounds." Nursing Standard 24, no. 2 (September 16, 2009): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.24.2.59.s52.

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7

Trigg, Katie. "Stab wounds." Nursing Standard 24, no. 2 (September 16, 2009): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2009.09.24.2.59.c7269.

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8

Herring, C. J., A. B. Lumsden, and S. C. Tindall. "Transcranial stab wounds." Neurosurgery 23, no. 5 (November 1988): 658???62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-198811000-00022.

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9

Zileli, Mehmet, Hasan S. Işik, and Sedat Cagli. "Spinal Stab Wounds." Neurosurgery Quarterly 25, no. 1 (February 2015): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wnq.0b013e3182a2fadf.

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10

Leth, Peter Mygind, and Uffe Stolborg. "Visualisation of contrast-filled stab wounds in various tissue types with computed tomography." Scandinavian Journal of Forensic Science 18, no. 2 (December 30, 2012): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10278-012-0006-1.

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ABSTRACT Background: Stab wounds are common in homicide cases. Post-mortem multislice computed tomography (PMCT) has proved to be a useful tool in forensic examinations of victims of sharp force trauma, but due the limited resolution of soft tissues, the radiological depiction of a stab channel is difficult. In this study, we have tried to obtain information about the shape of a knife blade by CT scanning contrast-filled experimentally inflicted stab wounds in various types of pig tissue. Methodology: The tissue samples were mounted on floral foam (oasis) with wooden sticks. Two contrast media were used: one was unmodified and easy flowing, and one was made more viscous with polyethylene glycol. Stab channels in ballistic soap were used for comparison. India ink-filled stab channels were investigated histologically to determine the pattern of leakage. Principal findings: We found that the shape of the stab wounds on the CT images from lung and muscle tissue did not correspond well to the shape of the inflicting knife. There was a better correspondence in the images obtained from liver, spleen and kidney. The viscous contrast medium was less likely than the thin (easy flowing) contrast medium to spill into to structures outside the stab channel, but some spillage was observed for both types of contrast medium. Air bubbles were only observed in the viscous contrast medium. Conclusion: Radiological evaluation of a contrast-filled stab wound in isolated tissue blocks did not permit the positive identification of the inflicting weapon, but it was, in tissue blocks from liver, spleen and kidney, possible to obtain a rough idea of the shape of the inflicting knife and to differentiate a knife from a screwdriver.

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11

Maeda, H., M. Imura, T. Higuchi, and K. Noguchi. "1. An Autopsy Case of Suicide by Hanging with Multiple Stab Wounds of the Neck and Chest." Medicine, Science and the Law 33, no. 1 (January 1993): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580249303300112.

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We report, from the aspect of “acting” capability, an autopsy case of suicide by hanging in which multiple deep stab wounds were observed in the neck and chest. A 49-year-old man was found dead in a state typical of hanging. His car was found about 100m away with a blood-stained climber's knife on the seat. Multiple incised and stab wounds were in the neck, with a lesion of the right inner jugular vein. Three penetrating stab wounds of the chest punctured the lungs, with pooling of about 500ml of blood in the left thorax and about 100ml in the right. Two other shallow stab wounds were in the chest. All the above wounds were explainable as self-inflicted. From the autopsy findings and the circumstantial evidence, it was concluded that he walked approximately 100m after stabbing his neck and chest and finally committed suicide by hanging

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12

Maslyakov, VV, EV Krjukov, VG Barsukov, KG Kurkin, PA Dorzhiev, and VR Gorbelik. "Heart injuries: main clinical symptoms." Laboratory diagnostics, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2019.003.

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Injuries to the heart are uncommon in peacetime, yet they result in life-threatening conditions, which makes timely diagnostics a crucial factor in saving patients' lives. In this connection, it is important to define the main signs of heart injuries. This study aimed to analyze the basic clinical symptoms associated with various wounds to the heart. We have retrospectively analyzed such symptoms registered in 86 patients with varying chest injuries that affect the heart. All patients were treated in the emergency surgery unit of the Engels Town Hospital from 1991 to 2017. 41 (47.6%) patient had stab wounds, and there were 45 (52.3%) cases of gunshot wounds. 23 (26.7%) patients had chest injuries affecting heart exclusively, while for 63 (73.2%) the consequences were wounds to other organs. We found that the clinical picture depends on the kind of injury to the heart: stab and slash wounds translate into more pronounced symptoms, while gunshot wounds do not produce such an effect. Accepting patients, practitioners should take this fact into account. The misdiagnosis rate for stab and slash heart wounds is 9.7%, that for gunshot wounds — 17.7%, the latter being the result of vagueness of the clinical picture. The clinical signs are most pronounced in the cases of stab and slash wounds to the heart.

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13

Boymanov, F. Kh, and А. М. Kushbakov. "Morphological features of heart damages caused by national Uzbek knives." Reports of Morphology 29, no. 1 (March 21, 2023): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-07.

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Damage to the body caused by the action of sharp objects is one of the topical topics of forensic criminology. The variety of existing objects that can potentially be used for the purpose of committing a crime require a detailed traceological study. Purpose of the work: to carry out an analysis according to the study of the features of the morphology of heart stab-cut wounds, inflicted by national Uzbek knives. The material presented by 30 observations of those who died as a result of inflicting penetrating stab wounds with damage to the heart, inflicted by national Uzbek knives. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the MS Excel 2007 software. It was found that stab-cut wounds were more common in men, the wounds were mainly in the ventricles and less often in the atria. Stab-cut wounds inflicted by Uzbek national knives have an angular, oval, linear shape. The butt ends are П-, Г-, T-shaped, the blade ends are sharp. It was revealed that the walls of the heart, in comparison with skin wounds, have a higher morphological identification significance. The heart after restoration in Ratnevsky’s solution deformed less than skin wounds, and the length of the stab-cut wounds of the heart more accurately corresponds to the width of the blade of a stab-cut weapon. This may be due to the peculiarities of the structure of the epicardium and myocardium, which are less susceptible to the process of retraction. On the tissues of the heart, the design features of the butt and blade of knife blades are quite fully determined, so they can be used for group identification of a traumatic weapon.

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14

Venara, Aurélien, Nathalie Jousset, Guillaume Airagnes, Jean-Pierre Arnaud, and Clotilde Rougé-Maillart. "Abdominal stab wounds: Self-inflicted wounds versus assault wounds." Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 20, no. 4 (May 2013): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2012.09.004.

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15

Markovchick, Vincent J., Ernest E. Moore, John Moore, and Peter Rosen. "Local wound exploration of anterior abdominal stab wounds." Journal of Emergency Medicine 2, no. 4 (January 1985): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0736-4679(85)90109-x.

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16

Loulah, Magdy Ahmed, Asem Fayed Mostafa, Osama Soliman El-Balky, and Abdel-Rahman Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed El-Meligi. "Conservative management of penetrating abdominal trauma (stab wound)." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 8 (July 25, 2019): 2686. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20193308.

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Background: The aim of the study is to study the reliability of selective conservative management of the penetrating stab abdominal wounds. Trauma is one of the most important reasons of mortality. The mechanism that underlies the penetrating trauma relates to the mode of injury. The early diagnosis of hollow viscus injuries is difficult and a delay in the diagnosis of such injuries may be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) is an effective for screening and initial classification of stable patients and confirmed by CT scan. The management of stable patients was either surgical exploration or selective non-operative interference with the optimal management of patients is yet to be fully elucidated for abdominal stab wounds (ASW).Methods: A prospective study of 40 patients with penetrating abdominal stab wounds between June 2017 and February 2018, at Damanhour Medical National Institute.Results: The mean age of our patients was 51.9±13.3 years with predominance of males and without predominance of any side to be affected and non-significant deviation from the normal values of hemodynamic signs. The presence of air under diaphragm in X-ray films signify abdominal penetration and ultrasonographic examination (FAST) document the diagnosis and help in following up of cases. Most of hemodynamically stable patients passed conservatively with a little rate of laparotomy.Conclusions: We concluded that there is still a role for conservative management in managing stable cases of penetrating stab abdominal wound.

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17

Küçük, Egemen, Alauddin Kochai, Ümit Fikret Onur, Yasemin Yıldız Kirazaldı, and Ali Murat Başak. "The Second Look after Fights: Why Wounds Might Not Only Be Superficial." Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9063621.

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Introduction. We present a case of intraosseous foreign body penetration due to knife attack and its emergency service management.Case. Seventeen-year-old patient was admitted to the emergency department with a knife cut over the right knee. In the local wound exploration during the extension position of the knee, deep tissue penetration was not observed. Therefore, the patient was discharged after a primary wound saturation without any radiographic evaluation. During the second admission, the detailed anamnesis revealed that the injury occurred while the knee was in the flexion and the radiographic examination displayed a broken knifepoint in the sagittal plane of the femur’s medial patellar region penetrated in the intraosseous tissue.Conclusion. Intraosseous foreign body cases due to the knife attacks are quite rare. There is no algorithm, indicating the necessity of radiographic examination in the stab wounds. Local wound exploration of stab wounds should be done in accordance with the mechanism of injury.

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18

Rezende-Neto, João Baptista, Hélio Machado Vieira Jr., Bruno De Lima Rodrigues, Sandro Rizoli, Barto Nascimento, and Gustavo Pereira Fraga. "Management of stab wounds to the anterior abdominal wall." Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões 41, no. 1 (January 2014): 075–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69912014000100015.

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The meeting of the Publication "Evidence Based Telemedicine - Trauma and Emergency Surgery" (TBE-CiTE), through literature review, selected three recent articles on the treatment of victims stab wounds to the abdominal wall. The first study looked at the role of computed tomography (CT) in the treatment of patients with stab wounds to the abdominal wall. The second examined the use of laparoscopy over serial physical examinations to evaluate patients in need of laparotomy. The third did a review of surgical exploration of the abdominal wound, use of diagnostic peritoneal lavage and CT for the early identification of significant lesions and the best time for intervention. There was consensus to laparotomy in the presence of hemodynamic instability or signs of peritonitis, or evisceration. The wound should be explored under local anesthesia and if there is no injury to the aponeurosis the patient can be discharged. In the presence of penetration into the abdominal cavity, serial abdominal examinations are safe without CT. Laparoscopy is well indicated when there is doubt about any intracavitary lesion, in centers experienced in this method.

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19

Gill, James R., Dennis P. Cavalli, and Susan F. Ely. "Pseudo-Stab Wounds: Putrefactive Dehiscence of Remote Surgical Incisions Masquerading as Stab Wounds." Journal of Forensic Sciences 54, no. 5 (September 2009): 1152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01121.x.

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20

Ushenko, Y. O., V. M. Sckliarcuk, O. V. Dubolazov, I. V. Soltys, O. V. Olar, A. V. Motrich, M. P. Gorskiy, and V. G. Zhitariuk. "Polarization-interference laser digital complex of large scaling in the wound regeneration diagnostics." Optoelectronic Information-Power Technologies 47, no. 1 (June 27, 2024): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/1681-7893-2024-47-1-96-103.

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A brief theoretical description of the processes of forming polarization maps of the azimuth and ellipticity of the multiple scattered component of the object field of the muscle tissue biopsy of rat stab wounds is presented. A series of polarization maps of ellipticity of digital microscopic images of the biopsy field of damaged and regenerated muscle tissue of rat stab wounds was obtained using the Muller-matrix Stokes polarimetry method. A wavelet transformation of polarization maps of ellipticity of digital microscopic images of the biopsy field of damaged and regenerated muscle tissue of rat stab wounds was implemented. Statistical, correlational and fractal wavelet markers for detecting the degree of regeneration of damaged biological tissues have been determined. Directions for further research by applying the principles of laser-induced autofluorescence polarimetry are given.

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21

Nguyen, Brian M., David Plurad, Sadaf Abrishami, Angela Neville, Brant Putnam, and Dennis Y. Kim. "Utility of Chest Computed Tomography after a “Normal” Chest Radiograph in Patients with Thoracic Stab Wounds." American Surgeon 81, no. 10 (October 2015): 965–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481508101011.

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Chest computed tomography (CCT) is used to screen for injuries in hemodynamically stable patients with penetrating injury. We aim to determine the incidence of missed injuries detected on CCT after a negative chest radiograph (CXR) in patients with thoracic stab wounds. A 10-year retrospective review of a Level I trauma center registry was performed on patients with thoracic stab wounds. Patients who were hemodynamically unstable or did not undergo both CXR and CCT were excluded. Patients with a negative CXR were evaluated to determine if additional findings were diagnosed on CCT. Of 386 patients with stab wounds to the chest, 154 (40%) underwent both CXR and CCT. One hundred and fifteen (75%) had a negative screening CXR. CCT identified injuries in 42 patients (37%) that were not seen on CXR. Pneumothorax and/or hemothorax occurred in 40 patients (35%), of which 14 patients underwent tube thoracostomy. Two patients had hemopericardium on CCT and both required operative intervention. Greater than one-third of patients with a normal screening CXR were found to have abnormalities on CCT. Future studies comparing repeat CXR to CCT are required to further define the optimal diagnostic strategy in patients with stab wounds to chest after normal screening CXR.

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22

Franz, T., and E. Vögelin. "Aseptic tissue necrosis and chronic inflammation after irrigation of penetrating hand wounds using Octenisept®." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 37, no. 1 (August 4, 2011): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193411414353.

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Penetrating hand wounds are common and these are managed by thorough debridement. However, stab wounds without evidence of divided structures are often treated with irrigation using antiseptic substances, antibiotic therapy, and immobilization. Octenisept® (Schülke & Mayr Ltd) is a widely used antiseptic agent for disinfection of acute or chronic wounds. It has a broad spectrum of antiseptic efficacy and has become an antiseptic of first choice in many hospitals. Within a few months, four patients presented to us with chronic inflammation and severe tissue necrosis after irrigation of penetrating hand wounds with Octenisept®. Repeated surgery and debridement was required in all patients. Wound healing was prolonged and patients had persisting oedema. Penetrating hand wounds must not be irrigated with Octenisept®.

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23

Olsen, Peter Albrecht, and Elieser Olsen. "X-rays and Stab Wounds." Southern Medical Journal 81, no. 2 (February 1988): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-198802000-00042.

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24

Swann, I. J., R. MacMillan, and A. A. Watson. "A study of stab wounds." Emergency Medicine Journal 2, no. 1 (March 1, 1985): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.2.1.31.

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25

Nagy, Kimberly, Roxanne Roberts, Kimberly Joseph, Gary &NA;, and John Barrett. "EVISCERATION AFTER ABDOMINAL STAB WOUNDS." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 45, no. 6 (December 1998): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199812000-00057.

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26

Abdullah, Fizan, Amy Nuernberg, and Reuven Rabinovici. "Self-inflicted abdominal stab wounds." Injury 34, no. 1 (January 2003): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-1383(02)00084-0.

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27

Keegan, M. "Duty in reporting stab wounds." BMJ 338, jan05 3 (January 6, 2009): a3139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a3139.

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28

Jousset, Nathalie, Clotilde Rougé-Maillart, Alain Turcant, Michel Guilleux, Anne Le Bouil, and Antoine Tracqui. "Suicide by Skull Stab Wounds." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 31, no. 4 (December 2010): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/paf.0b013e3181f9443c.

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29

Hick, Tess L. "Of Sugar and Stab Wounds." Annals of Emergency Medicine 70, no. 5 (November 2017): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.05.007.

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30

Novoselov, V. P., S. V. Savchenko, Yu V. Chikinev, A. P. Nadeev, T. A. Ageeva, V. A. Gritsinger, and S. A. Starostin. "During the wound healing process in penetrating stab wounds of the chest with the damage of the heart." Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 18, no. 3 (October 10, 2015): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2014-2-60-63.

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The article presents data on the pathological changes of the myocardium and the development of cellular reaction occurring in stab wounds of the heart, developing in different areas of the wound channel, at various time intervals from the time of injury. The study was conducted using light microscopy and polarization.

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31

Maslyakov, V. V., Y. G. Shapkin, A. Y. Dadayev, S. A. Kulikov, and M. A. Shikhmagomedov. "Peculiarities of Immidiate Postoperative Period in Abdominal Trauma With Splenic Injuries." Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care" 9, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-1-14-20.

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INTRODUCTION. Splenic injuries in abdominal trauma is one of the most common injuries in abdominal surgery. The damage to this organ occurs in 22.3–30%. This is the second most common injury among damages to parenchymal organs.AIM OF STUDY. To study the immediate results of treatment and to determine the factors that influence the choice of tactics for open injuries of the spleen.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study included 75 patients with abdominal wound and damaged spleen. In 54 (72%) patients, stab and slash wounds were revealed, in 21 (28%) patients there were gunshot wounds (bullet or fragment). All patients were divided into two groups: Group A included 44 (58.6%) of patients, where the time gap between the time of injury and the surgery did not exceed 1 hour, and Group B, which included 31 (41.3 %) of cases, where the time gap between the moment of injury and surgical intervention exceeded 1 hour.RESULTS. As a result of the study, it was found that organ-preserving operations for open injuries of the spleen were possible in 33.3% of cases. The choice of surgical tactics for injuries of this organ depended on the type of damage to the organ: in case of gunshot wounds of the spleen, the organ-preserving operation was not possible at all, but this operation was performed for stab/slash wounds in 33.3% of cases. The development of complications and deaths directly depended on the journey time: in the case of that time gap up to one hour, complications developed in 27.3% of cases, and the mortality rate was 15.9%. If the time of journey exceeded 1 hour, the number of complications increased to 77.4%, and mortality rate grew up to 51.6%. According to our data, the number of complications and deaths depended more on the time of admission than on the type of operation performed. In addition, it is necessary to note one more factor that affected the lethal outcome and this was the type of the wound. Therefore, as a result of the study, it was found that mortality in the group with gunshot wounds amounted to 17 out of 21 (80.95%), and for stab/slash wounds it was 6 out of 54 (11.1%). It was found that the journey time and the type of operation performed operation affected the level of D-dimer in patients with splenic injuries. So, the level of D-dimer was 566±0.3 ng/ml in the group of the wounded, delivered within an hour after trauma, and 643±0.2 ng/ml in the group where the journey time exceeded an hour.CONCLUSIONS. 1. Performing organ-preserving operations with open injuries of the spleen is possible in 46.3% of cases and only for stab and slash wounds. Organ-preserving operations cannot be performed for gunshot wounds.2. The number of complications and deaths is more dependent on the journey time to the hospital than on the type of operation performed. If a patient is admitted within an hour after trauma, the complication rate is 27.3%, and mortality rate is 15.9%. If the journey time exceeds one hour, the complication rate is 77.4% and the mortality rate is 51.6%.3. In patients splenic inguries, the journey time and the type of the operation performed affect the level of the D-dimer, which may affect the course of the immediate postoperative period.

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32

Petlin, K. A., E. A. Kosovskikh, B. N. Kozlov, and V. A. Tomilin. "A clinical case of surgical treatment of a knife-penetrated wound of the right atrium and the aortic root 2 years after the injury." Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 25, no. 2 (June 28, 2021): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2021-2-80-86.

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<p>Chest injury is an acute, extremely life-threatening condition. Among penetrating heart wounds, approximately 85% are stab wounds. In the case of stab and cut injuries, the lethality, according to various sources, reaches 90% and directly depends on the time of delivery of the victim to the hospital. In the overwhelming majority of cases, emergency operations for stab wounds of the chest are conducted in general surgical hospitals. As a rule, when providing emergency surgical care, only superficial heart wounds are sutured, excluding the correction of damage to the intra-cardiac structures. Aorto-right atrial fistula is a rather rare clinical condition that is formed due to the action of a traumatic factor and is characterised by the formation of a communication between the aorta and the right atrium with the discharge of arterial blood into the venous system. Considering that this pathology is accompanied by an increase in pressure in the right atrium, signs of stagnation are found in the systemic circulation, followed by compensatory dilatation of the right atrium and then dilatation of the right ventricle. The only effective method to treat this problem is surgery.<br />The presented clinical case demonstrates the surgical treatment of chronic post-traumatic aorto-right atrial fistula, pseudo-aneurysm between the non-coronary sinus and the right atrium and pseudo-aneurysm of the left coronary sinus 2 years after the stab wound. Echocardiography performed after surgery indicated a positive trend, i.e., a decrease in the size of the right- and left-sided heart and normalisation of pressure in the pulmonary artery. No inter-chamber shunts were found. This case shows that clinicians must remember that after providing emergency surgical care to patients with penetrating chest wounds, it is necessary to conduct an additional examination of the heart after stabilisation of the condition to detect hidden damage to the intra-cardiac structures.</p><p>Received 2 February 2021. Revised 2 March 2021. Accepted 3 March 2021.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The study did not have sponsorship.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> Authors declare no conflict of interest.</p>

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Jain, Yash, Abdul Haque M. Quraishi, and Pankaj Tongse. "Complex stab related injuries involving the diaphragm, bowel and cystic duct: a case report." International Surgery Journal 11, no. 3 (February 29, 2024): 527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240597.

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Penetrating abdominal trauma is a major killer worldwide. Biliary duct injuries resulting from penetrating stab wounds are rare but potentially life-threatening occurrences. This case report outlines a rare case, diagnosis, surgical management, and postoperative outcomes of a patient who sustained a cystic duct injury due to a penetrating stab wound. There is paucity of such cases in the literature. A 55-year-old man sustained a penetrating wound and was found to have cystic duct injury intra-operatively along with other multi-visceral injury. The patient underwent a cholecystectomy with the management of associated injuries. The report aims to highlight the rarity yet the possibility of such injuries and emphasize the importance of a high index of suspicion.

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Rahimizadeh, Abolfazl, Seyed Ali Marashi, Shahrzad Rahimizadeh, Mahan Amirzadeh, and Walter L. Williamson. "Peroneal/posterior tibial nerves delayed dysfunction due to traumatic popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm resulting from trivial stab wound: A case report." Surgical Neurology International 12 (September 30, 2021): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_770_2021.

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Background: Popliteal artery pseudoaneurysms due to stab wounds are extremely rate. Even more infrequently, they can contribute to the compression of multiple peripheral nerves. Case Description: A 23-year-old male, following a trivial stab wound, developed the delayed occurrence of a pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery. This resulted in the delayed onset of a compressive popliteal/posterior tibial neuropathy. Following restoration of blood flow through the popliteal artery utilizing saphenous vein grafting, additional neurolysis resulted in resolution of the compressive neuropathy. Conclusion: A 23-year-old male developed a pseudoaneurysm following minor trauma that resulted in peripheral nerve dysfunction.

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Chen, Amy Y., Michael G. Stewart, and Glenn Raup. "Penetrating Injuries of the Face." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 115, no. 5 (November 1996): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989611500519.

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We reviewed 78 consecutive cases of penetrating facial injuries treated at Ben Taub General Hospital in Houston, Texas, between 1992 and 1994, and we analyzed injury patterns on the basis of (1) the mechanism of injury, and (2) the entry zone of the wounds. We found that gunshot wounds were more likely to require emergent airway establishment than shotgun wounds or stab wounds ( p = 0.03). We noted a higher prevalence of globe injury among shotgun wounds than among gunshot wounds ( p = 0.02). Nine (12%) patients had intracranial penetration of a bullet or shotgun pellet. Patients with gunshot wounds required open reduction and internal fixation of facial bone fractures more frequently than patients with shotgun wounds ( p = 0.01). Thirty patients underwent arteriograms, and 10 demonstrated positive findings. Although there were only 3 deaths in our series, 29 (37%) patients overall had some complication caused by their penetrating facial trauma, including blindness in 12 patients. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of complications between gunshot, shotgun, and stab wounds ( p = 0.18). With these injury patterns in mind, we describe an algorithm for evaluation and management of penetrating injuries of the face.

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Herring, Carl J., Alan B. Lumsden, and Suzie C. Tindall. "Transcranial Stab Wounds: A Report of Three Cases and Suggestions for Management." Neurosurgery 23, no. 5 (November 1, 1988): 658–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198811000-00022.

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Abstract Transcranial stab wounds are uncommon. Three such cases are presented. The severity of the wounds may vary from innocuous to devastating. Skull films are useful in delineating the depth of penetration. The presence of the knife blade in situ may make the computed tomographic scan impossible to perform or difficult to interpret. Cerebral angiography may be indicated if injury to a major cerebral vessel is suspected or if the patient suffers a delayed subarachnoid or intracerebral hemorrhage. Provided that the patient's clinical status indicates a positive prognosis, transcranial stab wounds should be explored surgically. The weapon should be removed in the operating room immediately before or at the time of operation.

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Mejias, Christopher, Mark Hoegger, Jason Snyder, Constantine Raptis, and Vincent Mellnick. "Subcutaneous and visceral fat are associated with worse outcomes in gunshot injuries but not stab injuries to the torso." Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open 8, no. 1 (August 2023): e001072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2022-001072.

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PurposeThe effect of obesity in penetrating trauma outcomes is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a protective effect of subcutaneous or visceral fat from stab and gunshot wounds.Methods443 patients admitted after penetrating traumatic injury of the torso were retrospectively identified from our institution’s trauma registry. CT scans performed at presentation were used to determine cross-sectional area of visceral and subcutaneous fat at the level of the umbilicus via manual segmentation. Obesity-associated parameters including body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous fat were compared with injury severity score, length of hospital/intesive care unit (ICU) stay, and number of operating room (OR) visits. Parameters were compared between patients who sustained stab wounds versus gunshot injuries.ResultsComparing all patients with gunshot injuries with those with stab injuries, gunshots resulted in increased hospital and ICU length of stay, and injury severity score (ISS). For patients with gunshot wounds, all obesity-related parameters correlated with increased length of stay and total ICU stay; subcutaneous fat and visceral fat were correlated with increased OR visits, but there was no significant correlation between obesity-related parameters and ISS. In contrast, with stab wounds there were no statistically significant associations between obesity parameters and any of the outcome measures.ConclusionFor penetrating trauma in the torso, obesity is correlated with worse outcomes with gunshot injuries but not in stab injuries.Level of evidenceLevel III, prognostic and epidemiological.

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Dayananda, KSS, VY Kong, JL Bruce, GV Oosthuizen, GL Laing, and DL Clarke. "Selective non-operative management of abdominal stab wounds is a safe and cost effective strategy: A South African experience." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 99, no. 6 (July 2017): 490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2017.0075.

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INTRODUCTION Selective non-operative management (SNOM) of abdominal stab wounds is well established in South Africa. SNOM reduces the morbidity associated with negative laparotomies while being safe. Despite steady advances in technology (including laparoscopy, computed tomography [CT] and point-of-care sonography), our approach has remained clinically driven. Assessments of financial implications are limited in the literature. The aim of this study was to review isolated penetrating abdominal trauma and analyse associated incurred expenses. METHODS Patients data across the Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service (PMTS) are captured prospectively into the regional electronic trauma registry. A bottom-up microcosting technique produced estimated average costs for our defined clinical protocols. RESULTS Between January 2012 and April 2015, 501 patients were treated for an isolated abdominal stab wound. Over one third (38%) were managed successfully with SNOM, 5% underwent a negative laparotomy and over half (57%) required a therapeutic laparotomy. Over five years, the PMTS can expect to spend a minimum of ZAR 20,479,800 (GBP 1,246,840) for isolated penetrating abdominal stab wounds alone. CONCLUSIONS Provided a stringent policy is followed, in carefully selected patients, SNOM is effective in detecting those who require further intervention. It minimises the risks associated with unnecessary surgical interventions. SNOM will continue to be clinically driven and promulgated in our environment.

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Dokponou, Yao Christian Hugues, Mamoune El Mostarchid, Housni Abderrahmane, Niamien Patrice Koffi, Miloudi Gazzaz, and Brahim El Mostarchid. "Spontaneous Recovery of Penetrating Cervical Spinal Cord Injury with Physiotherapeutic Treatment: Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2021 (December 26, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3741461.

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Stab wounds to the cervical spine are less common than injuries from road accidents, sports injuries, and falls. The presence of vital, vascular, neural, respiratory, and digestive structures in the neck region mean that this kind of spinal injury is generally critical, and its management is a challenge. We report a unique case of a previously healthy 17-year-old adolescent admitted for quadriplegia secondary to a stab wound to the cervical spine at the C4C5 level. There was no surgical indication. The patient underwent physiotherapy. He showed spontaneous neurological improvement two weeks later and was able to sit on his own and to walk about three months of physical rehabilitation.

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Boymanov, F. Kh, А. М. Kushbakov, and F. F. Rashidov. "Morphological features of stab–cut wounds of the skin of the trunk and limbs inflicted by kitchen knives." Reports of Morphology 29, no. 2 (June 25, 2023): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(2)-05.

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Examination of injuries caused by sharp objects is a complex process that requires the application of a whole range of knowledge not only in the field of forensic medicine, but also in human anatomy. Among all sharp objects, stab–cut objects are the most common, namely the kitchen knife. Researching the peculiarities of the morphology of injuries to various anatomical parts of the human body with this subject would improve the quality of forensic research. The purpose of the study is to analyze the morphological features of stab–cut wounds to the skin of the trunk and limbs caused by kitchen knives. A forensic examination of 93 stab–cut wounds of corpses, which were inflicted by kitchen knives with one-sided sharpening and a straight butt, was carried out. Wounds in the chest ranged in size from 1.7×0.2 cm to 4.3×0.6 cm; wounds in the abdomen ranged in size from 1.8×0.4 cm to 3.3×0.7 cm; wounds in the lumbar region had sizes from 1.7×0.2 cm to 4.0×0.6 cm; wounds on the upper extremities – from 1.5x0.9 cm to 3.0×0.6 cm and wounds on the lower extremities from 1.5x0.2 cm to 3.2x0.6 cm. In all cases, the wounds had even edges and a smooth surface of the walls. Wounds located along Langer's line have a linear shape, and those located across Langer's lines have an oval shape. In addition, a different shape of the butt section was found, depending on the localization and the force of immersion. In this way, characteristic differences in the shape of the butt cut were revealed and the existence of differences in its morphology in different anatomical parts of the body was proved. Taking into account the location of the injury according to the location of Langer's lines should be standard procedure in forensic investigations of injuries caused by sharp objects.

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Kotiv, B. N., I. M. Samokhvalov, V. Ju Markevich, I. I. Dzidzava, O. V. Barinov, V. V. Suvorov, A. V. Goncharov, and K. V. Petukhov. "Thoracoabdominal stab wounds: modern surgical tactics." Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery 178, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2019-178-1-34-38.

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Theobjectivewas to determine the optimal therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm for thoracoabdominal injury.Material and methods. The results of the examination and treatment of 389 injured patients with combined stab wounds of chest and abdomen were analyzed. The injuries were thoracoabdominal in 54 (13.9 %) cases.Results. We analyzed instrumental invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods. The sequence of surgical interventions was determined.Conclusion. We revealed that the correct sequence and volume of surgical intervention ensured the success of treating the injured patients, while in cases of competing sources of bleeding, priority should be given in favor of performing thoracotomy.

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Endo, Toyokazu, Matthew G. Peters, C. Danielle Hopkins, Mark S. Slaughter, and Keith R. Miller. "Management of contained penetrating cardiac injury in a patient with prior cardiac surgery." BMJ Case Reports 17, no. 3 (March 2024): e257855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2023-257855.

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Penetrating cardiac injuries usually require emergent surgical intervention. Our patient presented to the trauma centre with multiple stab wounds to the neck, chest, epigastric region and abdomen. She arrived haemodynamically stable, and her initial Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma exam was negative. Her chest X-ray did not show any evident pneumothorax or haemothorax. Due to her injury pattern, she was taken to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy and neck exploration. Postoperatively, she was taken for CT and found to have a contained cardiac rupture. The injury was contained within previous scar tissue from her prior cardiac surgery. Further evaluation revealed that the injury included a penetrating stab wound to the right ventricle and a traumatic ventricular septal defect (VSD). She subsequently underwent a redo sternotomy with the repair of the penetrating stab wound and the VSD. Cardiology, intensive care, trauma surgery and cardiothoracic surgery coordinated her care from diagnosis, management and recovery. This case highlights the challenges in the management of cardiac injuries and the benefits of a multidisciplinary approach to care for complex cardiac injuries.

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Artemeva, E. N., and V. V. Frolov. "RARE CASES OF FATAL STAB WOUNDS." Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19048/2411-8729-2016-2-1-35-37.

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de Villiers, J. C., and A. R. Grant. "Stab wounds at the craniocervical junction." Neurosurgery 17, no. 6 (December 1985): 930???6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-198512000-00010.

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Haworth, C. S., and J. C. de Villiers. "Stab wounds to the temporal fossa." Neurosurgery 23, no. 4 (October 1988): 431???5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-198810000-00004.

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du Trevou, Michael D., and James R. van Dellen. "Penetrating Stab Wounds to the Brain." Neurosurgery 31, no. 5 (November 1992): 905???912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199211000-00012.

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Chadly, A., B. Marc, F. Paraire, and M. Durigon. "Suicidal Stab Wounds of the Throat." Medicine, Science and the Law 31, no. 4 (October 1991): 355–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580249103100412.

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Ordog, Gary J., Jonathan Wasserberger, Subramanium Balasubramanium, and William Shoemaker. "ASYMPTOMATIC STAB WOUNDS OF THE CHEST." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 36, no. 5 (May 1994): 680–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199405000-00014.

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Gerard, Andrew, Gregory de Moore, Olav Nielssen, and Matthew Large. "Survivors of self-inflicted stab wounds." Australasian Psychiatry 20, no. 1 (January 9, 2012): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856211432461.

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Eastham, James A., Timothy G. Wilson, Donald W. Larsen, and Thomas E. Ahlering. "Angiographic Embolization Of Renal Stab Wounds." Journal of Urology 148, no. 2 Part 1 (August 1992): 268–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)36568-0.

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