Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stabilisation en fréquence de lasers accordables'
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Nez, François. "Chaîne de Fréquence optique pour mesurer les transitions 2S-8S/8D dans l'atome d'hydrogène , Mesure de la constante de Rydberg en unité de fréquence." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011890.
Full textAbadie, Claire. "Détecteurs et lasers THz à base d'antennes accordables en fréquence." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS145/document.
Full textOptoelectronic devices are crucial for many applications in everyday life: computers, smartphones, connected objects in general.The THz range (0.1-10 THz) still remains industrially unexploited because of the intrinsic difficulties to produce or generate THz photons. However, many applications exist for THz radiation : in the medical field for example, for the sensitive detection of gases, or for the imaging of concealed objects in the visible range.This thesis focuses on quantum well photodetectors (QWIPs) and quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) operating in the THz range in order to develop compact, fast and sensitive devices (but operating at cryogenic temperatures).We used Split Ring Resonators (SRR), inspired by metamaterial research, in order to design and develop subwavelength tunable THz detectors with an external inductance.Concerning lasers, this thesis studies THz micro-lasers using microdisk resonators with the aim of designing and manufacturing lasers operating on the fundamental electromagnetic mode (dipolar mode). The future perspective of this work is to build an entirely sub-wavelength and fast laser in the THz spectral range
Guionie, Marie. "Lasers à fibres bifréquences bipolarisations : stabilisation et montée en fréquence du battement." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S059.
Full textThis work is about dual-polarization dual-frequency fibers lasers. The control of the frequency difference of these lasers is a major challenge in microwave photonics. Controlling the beat frequency could allow compact and low-noise sources, in order to develop applications in metrology or telecom. Here, we focus on 1.5 μm sources, in either DFB or DBR configurations, made of Er-doped or co-doped Er:Yb silica fibres. Their beat frequency is about 1 GHz for DFB lasers, and 100 MHz for DBR lasers. This thesis investigates several methods to stabilize the beat note, then to modify the fiber birefringence, to increase the beat frequency. First, an optical phase-locked loop method is used to lock the beat note on a frequency reference. By using the pump diode as an actuator, we have successfully stabilized beat frequencies between 300 MHz and 10 GHz for days. We then study a stabilization method by frequency-shifted optical feedback. A theoretical model based on rate equations model is used and allows to retrieve the experimental observations. We observe different dynamical regimes by locking the beat note on a reference frequency. In the stable area, we reduce the phase noise to −100 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz from the carrier. Next, we have mixed the set-up of the injection-locking to a delay line, in order to effectively stabilize the beat note on itself. Finally, various approaches have been explored to increase the beat frequency of DBR lasers, to the needs of applications. It has been possible to continuously monitor the impact of a UV beam on the fiber birefringence. We also studied a method for reversible modification of the birefringence, exploiting the elasto-optical effect. Regardless of the method used, we observed an increase in the beat frequency from 100 MHz to more than 10 GHz in the best case
Mondin, Linda. "Stabilisation de fréquence de laser Nd-YAG pour applications spatiales." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4046.
Full textLong term stabilised lasers are used in a multitude of metrological applications and are the basis of experimental research in very high resolution spectroscopy. This document describes my thesis work on stabilised Nd:YAG lasers in view of space applications (for fundamental physics experiments and geodesy). All experiments must satisfy criteria of compactness, mechanical stability, robustness and reliability. I will describe the possible references for the long (molecules) and the short (resonators) term time intervals with their principal limitations. The discussion leading to their choice is actually connected to the stabilisation techniques to be adequately implemented (PDH, Tilt-Locking, Modulation transfer). Among the stabilisation techniques, the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique is now a classic as it produces the best performance in short term, so far. To reduce active components, we have also implemented a DC technique called Tilt-Locking and I will compare with PDH in the case of a monolithic Fabry-Perot reference. Theoretical performances on the long term and quantum efficiencies will be compared for different techniques. The schematic principles of the experiences and the results I have obtained for stabilised lasers on Fabry-Perot and molecular iodine are presented. We calibrated the Fabry-Perot drifts, this allows me to point out analytical and numerical solutions to control the length of this mechanical reference. Finally suggestions for further work will be approached and, in the appendices, details about noise order of magnitudes for LISA, a theoretical overview of gravitational waves as well as different simulations and calculations are presented
Bergonzo, Aurélien Antoine Jacques. "Étude des lasers accordables à réseaux de Bragg échantillonnés ou à pas variables." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-253-254.pdf.
Full textLoe-mie, Roland. "Stabilisation de fréquence de lasers à semi-conducteur par couplage optique résonnant induit par spectroscopie de polarisation." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA132023.
Full textMondin, Linda. "Stabilisation de fréquence de laser Nd:YAG pour applications spatiales." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148136.
Full textLaurent, Philippe. "Stabilisation en fréquence de diodes lasers par couplage optique résonant sur une cavité Fabry-Pérot confocale." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112396.
Full textWe report our work on diode laser frequency stabilization emitting near 850 and 1300 nanometers. In first, we demonstrate a single-mode operation from an initially multimode diode laser with an optical feedback on an external mirror. Secondly, a confocal Fabry-Perot cavity is used to feedback the beam from the diode laser and provide resonant optical stabilization of the semiconductor laser. We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the static and dynamic frequency noise power spectrum of the coupled cavity laser field. Experimentally we achieve static frequency noise reduction of 50-60 dB and obtain a dramatic reduction of the laser line with from 20 MHz to a few kHz. The frequency tenability of these coupled cavity diode lasers are achieved by a double servo-loop system and we have obtained a continuously frequency tuning of 7 GHz without laser spectral purity degradation. Applications of these techniques include optical pumping Cesium docks and frequency synthesis in the visible
Wazen, Paul. "Laser NH₃ moyen-infrarouge continu pompe optiquement par laser CO₂ : laser et amplificateur de puissance de type Raman, laser à inversion de population accordable en fréquence par effet Stark." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112164.
Full textThis thesis is directed at the study of the C02-pumped Mid-Infrared NH3 Chapter 1 gives some spectroscopic data for the ammonia molecule. The influence of an electric field on its rotation-vibration spectrum (Stark effect) is recalled. Chapter II which concerns the off-resonance pumping of NH3 and the development of powerful Raman sources is divided into two parts: In part A the 12 μm local gain is analyzed as a function of the main parameters. The sudy, realization and optimization of a ring CW 12 m Raman laser are described. In part B, a CW Raman amplifier is studied. A first simplified, but analytical propagation model is developed. A second numerical model is elaborated which includes both the transverse intensity profiles (Raman and pump) and the heating effects. Experiments carried out on a 12. 08 μm oscillator-amplifier system confirm the validity of this model. Scaling laws are established for high power systems. Chapter III is related to the frequency tunability of an NH3 laser with population inversion (on-resonance pumping). A rate equation model is established for the small signal gain. Results on Multiline operation and bidirectional emissions are briefly reported. The frequency tunability of the pressure-broadened emissions is inverstigated using a Fox-Smith laser cavity. The Stark tuning of the laser and the realization of a hybrid waveguide are then described. A simple line shape model is developed to interprete the experimental results
Herbane, Mustapha Saïd. "Piégeage et refroidissement laser d'ions calcium pour un étalon de fréquence optique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX11008.
Full textBergeron, Hugo. "Synthèse de fréquences optiques." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26766.
Full textLe présent mémoire traite de la génération de radiation électromagnétique périodique dans le proche infrarouge. La fréquence d’oscillation optique de cette radiation est référencée à un ou plusieurs standards de temps-fréquence et peut être changée à volonté. L’instrument remplissant ces fonctions est appelé synthétiseur de fréquences optiques. Cet instrument serait très utile dans les applications nécessitant de la lumière à une fréquence bien connue, comme la spectroscopie, la calibration de sources optiques et d’autres applications en métrologie. Pour cette raison, un intérêt pour la synthèse de fréquences optiques est déjà présent dans la communauté scientifique. Ici, un tel instrument est présenté. Ce dernier est basé sur l’usage d’un laser accordable et d’une ou plusieurs sources de référence. Un peigne de fréquences optiques est utilisé pour faire le pont entre ces différentes sources. Plus spécifiquement, le présent mémoire contient une discussion des difficultés que présente la construction d’un tel instrument. Ces difficultés sont principalement liées à la mesure de la fréquence relative entre les sources utilisées et le peigne de fréquences. Plusieurs solutions à ces difficultés sont ensuite proposées. Le tout est suivi par les détails d’une démonstration expérimentale d’un véritable synthétiseur de fréquences optiques.
This work is about the generation of periodic near-infrared electromagnetic radiation whose oscillation frequency can be changed at will while being linked to time and frequency standards. The instrument enabling these functions is called an optical frequency synthesiser. Such an instrument would be tremendously useful in applications requiring very precise optical frequencies, including spectroscopy, calibration of sources and many other applications in metrology. For this reason, the scientific community has already shown interest. Here, an optical frequency synthesiser is presented. The instrument is based on the combination of a tunable laser, one or many reference sources and an optical frequency comb, the latter being used to link the sources together. In this work, difficulties associated with the implementation of such an instrument are discussed. These difficulties are mostly related to the measurement of the relative frequencies between the sources and the frequency comb. Many solutions to these difficulties are given, followed by the implementation and performance details of an actual optical frequency synthesiser.
Bernard, Vincent. "Stabilisation en fréquence de lasers à CO² en dessous du Hertz : application à la métrologie des fréquences dans la région spectrale de 30 THz." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066762.
Full textLeclerc, Jean-François. "Modélisation, conception et application d'un laser accordable par sauts de fréquence et stabilisé par réseau de Bragg échantillonné." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24010/24010.pdf.
Full textDherbecourt, Jean-Baptiste. "Processus non linéaires pour la génération d'impulsions picosecondes accordables dans l'infrarouge moyen." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/59/92/11/PDF/JBthese.pdf.
Full textMany applications, like time-resolved spectroscopy, require the development of new coherent light sources emitting tunable short pulses in the mid-infrared. In this field, nonlinear optics offer particularly attractive solutions. First of all, the parametric generation process allows extension of the spectral coverage of conventionnal laser sources. Secondly, nonlinear processes display specific properties, which can be controlled in order to create original fast optical functions. In this work, we use these properties to realize picosecond pulses generation devices. We begin with the realization of a synchronously pumped OPO based on a ZGP crystal, emitting tunable picosecond pulses in the 3,8 µm- 5,6 µm spectral range. The performances of the different conversion stages are discussed from experimental and numerical considerations. Then we adress optical sources including a laser medium and a nonlinear crystal. We build a nonlinear mirror using a PPLN crystal and insert it in a Cr2+:ZnSe laser to produce tunable picosecond pulses by passive modelocking in the 2,45 µm - 2,55 µm range. The nonlinear mirror is designed and characterized in an extracavity experiment, then we detail the mode-locking experiment. Finally, we generalize the nonlinear mirror concept, by proposing means of getting passive mode-locking by combination of amplitude and phase modulation in the laser cavity
Diomandé, Kédro. "Réalisation du laser à semiconducteurs spectralement pur à 1,5 μ m : application à l'analyse spectrale d'un laser à contre réaction distribuée (DFB) : stabilisation en fréquence du laser." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112243.
Full textBréant, Christian. "Développement de lasers infrarouges accordables de haute pureté spectrale : application à la spectroscopie hyperfine des molécules HF et SF(6)." Paris 13, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA132010.
Full textMillo, Jacques. "Génération de signaux micro-ondes pour la métrologie à partir de références et de peignes de fréquences optiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00637969.
Full textCamy, Georges. "Sources laser ultrastables en spectroscopie de saturation : réalisation d'étalons optiques de fréquence et caractérisation de leurs qualités." Paris 13, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA132009.
Full textSebastian, Ananthu. "Noise dynamics in multi-Stokes Brillouin laser." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S068.
Full textStimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) is a coherent interaction process in which light is scattered from optically generated acoustic waves. It is a powerful tool for microwave and optical signal processing, distributed sensing and spectroscopy. Brillouin lasers are attracting a lot of interest for their ability to produce ultra coherent linewidths. This thesis is devoted to the understanding of noise properties of Brillouin fiber ring lasers, operating with multiple Stokes orders. First, we present a technique based on the cavity ring-down method, which allows to characterize the Brillouin gain coefficient directly from probing the laser cavity. Its advantages are to obtain parameters from a single experiment with low optical powers (some 10 milliwatts) for short cavities (a few meters long, or integrated cavities). Secondly, it is shown that an intrinsic linewidth of a few tens of mHz can be easily obtained by cascading two non-resonant Brillouin lasers (for which the pump performs a single pass inside the cavity). In order to obtain these results, the long-term stability has been improved by using a Pound-Drever-Hall servo loop, which allows us to compare our analytical and experimental results. Unfortunately, we were unable to explore the fundamental limits of noise reduction due to the noise floor of our bench. Thirdly, one of the major works of this thesis is the theoretical and experimental study of the noise properties, including frequency noise and relative intensity noise, of a resonant Brillouin laser (for which pump and Stokes waves are resonant inside the cavity). In particular, the impacts of the fiber-ring-cavity quality factor, Brillouin gain detuning, are evaluated very precisely on the laser RIN features such as amplitude noise reduction and relaxation frequency. We emphasize the fact that many characteristics of the frequency noise are related to the RIN properties by a coupling between intensity and phase. We show that the cascade process modifies the dynamics of the Brillouin laser when compared to those of a single-mode Brillouin laser with a single first-order Stokes component. Our experimental results are in excellent agreement with our numerical simulations, obtained thanks to our non-linear system describing the operation of a multi-Stokes Brillouin laser. This good match is mainly due to our ability: to obtain very precise values of the cavity parameters and the Brillouin gain coefficient using the CRDM technique ; to achieve long-term stability (hours); to finely control the detuning between the laser Stokes resonance and the frequency of the Brillouin gain maximum. We demonstrate experimentally for the first time that frequency noise is degraded in the presence of anti-Stokes Brillouin scattering. We also show that a gain detuning of the order of a few hundred kHz can degrade the intensity noise reduction or also increase the linewidth by amplitude-phase coupling. All these very fine observations thus allow us to set the fundamental limits of such laser systems such as: the increase in noise due to anti-Stokes orders; the role of pump noise and its possible interrelation with cavity finesse; the effect of the detuning inherent to higher Stokes orders. All these conclusions are key to the design and engineering of these Brillouin fiber lasers, which are currently attracting a great deal of interest as evidenced by the work in progress in the scientific community. This PhD thesis contributes to a better understanding of multi-Stokes Brillouin lasers
Tran, Dang Bao An. "Widely tunable and SI-traceable frequency-comb-stabilised mid-infrared quantum cascade laser : application to high precision spectroscopic measurements of polyatomic molecules." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD060.
Full textThe thesis consists in developing a high-resolution mid-infrared spectrometer traceable to primary frequency standards and providing a unique combination of resolution, tunability, detection sensitivity and frequency control. A quantum cascade laser (QCL) emitting at 10.3 µm is phase locked to an optical frequency comb stabilized to a remote 1.55 µm ultra-stable reference developed at LNE-SYRTE, monitored against primary frequency standards and transferred to LPL via an active noise compensated fibre link. This results in a 0.1 Hz QCL linewidth, a stability below 10⁻¹⁵ at 1 s and an uncertainty on its absolute frequency below 4 × 10⁻¹⁴. Moreover, the setup allows the QCL to be widely scanned over 1.4 GHz while maintaining the highest stabilities and precision. This QCL was used to carry out saturated absorption spectroscopy of several molecules in a compact multipass cell. We demonstrated statistical uncertaintyon line-center frequencies at the kHz level and sub-10 kHz systematic uncertainty. We have recorded several singular K-doublets and many rovibrational transitions of methanol, in particular weak transitions and weak doublets - unreported so far. Precise parameters modelling trioxaneh ave been determined with only a few tens of rovibrational transitions recorded at unprecedented accuracy. The quadrupole hyperfine structure of an ammonia transition has been resolved for thefirst time. This setup constitutes a key element for the project aiming at the first observation of parity violation in molecules currently held at LPL, and, more generally, for various fields of physics, from atmospheric and interstellar physics to fundamental physics beyond the standard model
Durand, Mathieu. "Maintien du couplage optique entre une ECDL et une cavité de haute finesse : application à la mesure ultrasensible de biréfringence induite par effet Kerr." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00432201.
Full textGuinet, Mickaël. "Première détermination de la constante de Boltzmann par une méthode optique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00121051.
Full textDans ce mémoire, je décris les solutions apportées pour obtenir un faisceau laser de fréquence parfaitement contrôlée, largement accordable autour de 10 µm et d'intensité constante. Je décris également les options retenues pour le contrôle en température du gaz d'ammoniac.
Les résultats obtenus sont très encourageants, nous avons après seulement 2 ans déjà obtenu une première mesure de la constante de Boltzmann avec une incertitude relative de 1,9X10-4: k=1,38065(26)X10-23 J.K-1.
Dans ce manuscrit, je présente également plusieurs voies d'amélioration à court et moyen termes.
Je présente enfin une expérience de franges de Ramsey-Bordé référencée sur l'étalon primaire de fréquence localisé à Paris (au SYRTE). La chaîne de mesure absolue de fréquence atteint une résolution de 10-14 et l'incertitude pour la mesure de la frange centrale est également de l'ordre de 10-14. A moyen terme, ce système de mesure par rapport à l'étalon primaire pourra être utilisé pour contrôler la fréquence du laser à CO2 dans les futures expériences de mesure de la constante de Boltzmann.
Hallal, Ayman. "Génération d'ondes millimétriques et submillimétriques sur des systèmes fibrés à porteuses optiques stabilisées." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S005/document.
Full textI report in this manuscript a theoretical and experimental study of a compact, reliable and low cost source of 30 Hz linewidth, continuous and coherent electromagnetic waves tunable from 1 GHz to 500 GHz in steps of 1 GHz. These waves are generated by photomixing two distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes at 1550 nm which are frequency stabilized with orthogonal polarizations on the same optical fibered Fabry-Perot cavity. I have designed very fast electronic control filters for each laser allowing a 7 MHz servo bandwidth limited by the loop length. I demonstrate phase noise suppressions down to -60 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz and -90 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset frequencies from a 92 GHz electrical carrier. I also measure a ~170 kHz frequency drift of the beat note at 10 GHz on the long term over a continuous 7.5 hour locking period. I show an optimized design of an integrated servo loop of few tens of cm length which reduces the phase noise by 18 dB at 1 MHz optical carrier offset frequency and the phase-amplitude couplings in the cavity by a factor of 50 compared to the experimental one. The addition of a third DFB laser phase stabilized on a local oscillator allows the possibility to have continuously tunable source over 1 THz. The continuous wave source also makes it possible to generate fixed repetition rate pico- or femtosecond pulses from highly non-linear and dispersive fibers, replacing the DFB lasers by further stable lasers. I have calculated by simulation 7.2 fs temporal jitter at 40 GHz repetition rate over a 1 ms integration time