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Academic literature on the topic 'Stabilité des agrégats du sol'
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Journal articles on the topic "Stabilité des agrégats du sol"
Cheggour, Aouatif, Vincent Simonneaux, Samia Asma, Yéni Yaro, Errouane Sadik, Mohamed Sabir, and Eric Roose. "Recherche d’indicateurs de ruissellement et des risques d’érosion au moyen de tests d’infiltrométrie dans le bassin versant du Rhéraya (Haut-Atlas occidental, Maroc)." Revue des sciences de l'eau 21, no. 3 (September 10, 2008): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/018777ar.
Full textTalabong, Hervé. "Demande de monnaie en zone CEMAC : une modélisation par coïntégration avec ruptures structurelles." Articles 88, no. 4 (March 17, 2014): 429–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1023797ar.
Full textRakotondraompiana, Solofo, Heninjara Narovana Hasina Andriamanantena, Solofoarisoa Rakotoniaina, and Samuel RAZANAKA. "Répartitions spatiale et temporelle des feux à Madagascar." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection 223 (May 18, 2021): 38–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2021.520.
Full textMartel, Y. A., and P. Lasalle. "La datation au radiocarbone de la matière organique de quelques sols du Québec." Études thématiques 31, no. 3-4 (January 17, 2011): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000284ar.
Full textDerdour, H., M. R. Laverdière, and D. A. Angers. "Comportement mécanique d’un sol argileux. Effets de la taille des agrégats, de la teneur en eau et de la pression appliquée." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 74, no. 2 (May 1, 1994): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss94-026.
Full textDiouf, Abdoulaye, Nicolas Barbier, Ali Mahamane, Jean Lejoly, Mahamane Saadou, and Jan Bogaert. "Caractérisation de la structure spatiale des individus ligneux dans une « brousse tachetée » au sud-ouest du Niger." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, no. 4 (April 2010): 827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-031.
Full textBipfubusa, M., A. N’Dayegamiye, and H. Antoun. "Effets de boues mixtes de papetières fraîches et compostées sur l’agrégation du sol, l’inclusion et la minéralisation du C dans les macro-agrégats stables à l’eau." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 85, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s03-055.
Full textde Sauvage, Jean, Fatima Tfayli, Thierry Dubreucq, and Jean-Pierre Rajot. "Modélisation sous macrogravité d’une paroi clouée respectant le phasage de construction." Revue Française de Géotechnique, no. 166 (2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2021006.
Full textChampagne de Labriolle, Guillaume. "Détermination de la fenêtre de pilotage de la pression de confinement d’un tunnelier fermé dans un sol cohérent-frottant ou purement cohérent." Revue Française de Géotechnique, no. 155 (2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2018005.
Full textRoux, M., L. Baly, and P. Gorce. "L’étude des forces de réaction au sol peut-elle être un indicateur de la stabilité de la chaussure lors de la locomotion ?" Science & Sports 24, no. 1 (February 2009): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2007.06.016.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Stabilité des agrégats du sol"
Le, Guillou Cédric. "Effets combinés de la qualité des résidus de culture et de disponibilité en azote minéral sur la stabilisation de la structure du sol par les microorganismes." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSARD061.
Full textSoil aggregate stability is an important soil physical property as it is a determinant factor of agricultural and environmental soil functions. The incorporation of fresh crop residues in soils improves this soil property but we still need knowledge on the factors affecting its effects. The aim of this PhD thesis was (i) to determine the interactive effect of soil mineral N and crop residue quality on soil aggregate stability and (ii) studying the role of microbial communities. We studied, under controlled conditions, the effect of soil mineral N availability on soil aggregate stability during high-C/N crop residue decomposition. The effect of decomposing crop residues on soil aggregate stability followed two phases: (i) a first phase (7 days) with a rapid increase in soil aggregate stability related to intrinsic residue quality and (ii) a second phase (day 7 to 56) where soil aggregate stability was negatively influenced by the soil mineral N. We evaluated the role of microbial communities in controlling the soil aggregate stability dynamics observed. We showed that early changes were related to an increase of the total microbial biomass. Our results suggest that the dynamics in the second phase was associated to binding agents (microbial polysaccharides) production or consumption and related to some bacterial and fungal population stimulation. In a field-experiment over winter, we confirmed that the effect of high-C/N crop residue inputs on soil aggregate stability was high when soil mineral N content was low. Our study further showed that the effects of high-C/N crop residue addition on soil aggregate stability can be equal to those from a low-C/N crop residue. Winter climatic conditions did not modify the hierarchy nor the dynamics of soil aggregate stability related to crop residue quality, but rather decreased the extent of the effect
Puget, Pascale. "Distribution des matières organiques dans des agrégats de sols limoneux cultivés : conséquences sur la stabilité structurale des agrégats et sur la biodégradation des matières organiques." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120035.
Full textMinville, Audrey-Kim. "Comparaison de cultures intercalaires pour la répression des adventices et la stabilité des agrégats du sol dans la vigne semi-rustique en implantation au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70315.
Full textNon-hardy grapevine varieties require winter protection in southern Quebec because temperature can drop to –35 °C and cause irreversible frost damage. Winter protection is provided either by geotextiles or hilling, the latter generating intensive soil disturbance twice a year. These constraints limit the adoption of intercrops because 1) their establishment and growth are concurrent with the crop, 2) hilling destroys intercrops every fall, and 3) the use of geotextiles allows the adoption of perennial intercrops but is more expensive. Although it can control weeds and mitigate soil erosion, intercropping in Quebec vineyards is limited. Moreover, grapevine response to intercropping is poorly documented under Quebec's continental climate. A randomized complete block design experiment was conducted (2018-2020) to compare mechanical weeding to two grass mixture intercrops (annual vs perennial), during vineyard establishment. Variables tested included weed control and diversity, soil aggregate stability, vine growth, and grape yield. A weedy control was also included. Cultivation was more efficient at controlling weeds than both intercrops but decreased plant species richness and diversity in comparison to other treatments. Weed density did not decrease over time and weed cover was relatively high (> 50% at the end of the growing season) under intercrops. Nevertheless, weed shoot biomass was lower under intercrops than in the weedy control during the first two years. Cultivation was also detrimental to soil structure, it showed lower aggregate stability compared to vegetated treatments by the end of the season. None of the interrow management methods had an impact on vine yield fruit quality.
Czarnes, Sonia. "Adhésion sol : racine et biophysique de la rhizosphère du maïs." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10118.
Full textRazafimbelo, Tantely. "Stockage et protection du carbone dans un sol ferrallitique sous systèmes en semis direct avec couverture végétale des Hautes Terres malgaches." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale superieure agronomique de montpellier - AGRO M, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772088.
Full textLeguédois, Sophie. "Mécanismes de l'érosion diffuse des sols : modélisation du transfert et de l'évolution granulométrique des fragments de terre érodés." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00516390.
Full textDemenois, Julien. "Quelle influence des symbioses mycorhiziennes et des traits racinaires sur l'érosion des sols tropicaux ? Application à la restauration écologique des écosystèmes forestiers dégradés de Nouvelle-Calédonie sur Ferralsols développés sur substrats ultramafiques." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AGPT0011.
Full textTropical forest ecosystems cover nearly half of the world's forest area. These ecosystems provide basic services for the well-being of our societies (e.g. regulation of material flows, soil preservation) are particularly affected (loss and degradation of forests) by global changes. New Caledonia, and its ultramafic substrates, is no exception to this trend. Mining and fires are responsible for forest regression, fragmentation, degradation and soil erosion. The archipelago is ranked among the hotspots of global biodiversity and the ecological restoration of these ecosystems is a major challenge. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the ecological restoration of the forests of New Caledonia in order to limit the erosion of soils on ultramafic substrates and is part of the disciplinary field of the ecology of restoration. The scientific objective is to study the influence of mycorrhizal symbiosis and root traits on the erosion of Ferralsols developed on ultramafic substrates through a multi-scale approach. In the first part, we highlight the floristic and structural characteristics of plant communities on ultramafic substrates. These suggest an increased expression of the root traits of dominant species in monodominant forests. The central place of fire and cyclones in the dynamics of plant succession is also emphasized, as well as mycorrhizal symbioses in maintaining the monodominance of Nothofagus aequilateralis. In the second part, our work suggests the existence of a biotic threshold between degraded ligno-herbaceous maquis and ligno-herbaceous maquis. Repeated fires would be the main cause of crossing this threshold. The increase in plant biomass would be the key factor contributing to the stability of the aggregates between these two stages. Thus, fire protection combined with the promotion of plant successions through the use of potentially facilitating species such as Costularia arundinacea could be an efficient strategy for limiting erosion of Ferralsols. In addition, the influence of plant (e.g. floristic composition) and fungal communities (e.g. biomass) on the stability of aggregates is clearly highlighted. The third part aims to evaluate the ability of plant species, combined with mycorrhizal fungi, to increase the stability of aggregates, but also to identify root traits and mycorrhizal associations contributing to this increase. In this section, we demonstrate that the combination of high values for “Root Mass Density - Root Length Density – percentage of fine roots” is effective in increasing aggregate stability. Moreover, the efficacy of this combination of root traits is enhanced by mycorrhizal symbiosis. Thus, of the three plant species evaluated, Costularia arundinacea would be the most effective tool species for increasing the stability of aggregates. This work allowed us to highlight the influence of root traits and mycorrhizal symbiosis on the stability of soil aggregates on Ferralsols on ultramafic substrates, at the scale of plant communities or at the level of plant species. To our knowledge, these results are the first to be acquired on this type of soil. These results make it possible to formulate proposals for the ecological restoration of forest ecosystems in New Caledonia in order to limit soil erosion on ultramafic substrates, but also to sketch new avenues of research
Leygnier, Jérôme. "Stabilité des petits agrégats d'alcalins : dissipation de leur énergie par évaporation." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112353.
Full textManil, Bruno. "Etudes de la stabilité de nano-objets complexes chargés : agrégats et systèmes moléculaires d'intérêt biologique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Caen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00192617.
Full textUn des principaux résultats de ces études concerne les agrégats moléculaires de fullerènes, qui sont en principe des agrégats de type van der Waals, donc faiblement liés et surtout électriquement isolants. Nous avons montré que les espèces stables multiplement chargées, formées suite à des collisions avec des ions lents multichargés, qui ne subissent par ailleurs aucune modification structurelle profonde suite à leur chargement par impact d'ions, deviennent contre toutes attentes de bons conducteurs électriques !
Les autres observations majeures obtenues dans ces recherches sont reliées la compréhension des mécanismes responsables à l'échelle moléculaire, en phase gazeuse, de l'endommagement de systèmes moléculaires d'intérêt biologique, suite à une irradiation avec des ions. Ces études ont notamment montré : d'une part, que certains mécanismes de reconnaissance moléculaire persistent en phase gazeuse, et d'autre part, que même la présence d'un environnement biochimique simplifié modifie fortement la dynamique de l'instabilité de la charge de ces molécules d'intérêt biologique.
Delahaye, Emilie. "Synthèse de nanoparticules hybrides organiques-inorganiques a propriété non linéaire quadratique et bi stabilité optique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112129.
Full textThis PhD deals with the synthesis and characterization of Hybrid Inorganic-Organic nanoparticles possessing strong second-order Optical Non-Linearity and a lesser extent of nanoparticles exhibiting optical bistability. The strategy for building up NLO materials is based on a “bottom-up” approach of the synthesis of layered inorganic intercalation compounds of the MPS3 type (M=Mn2+, Ni2+) containing push-pull organic guest chromophores. The thesis is a continuation of previous work carried out in our laboratory on traditional “bulk” crystalline materials, which had shown that juxtaposing on the molecular scale centrosymmetric MPS3 host slabs and stilbazolium derivatives gave birth to second Harmonic Generation due to the formation of J aggregates between the inorganic slabs, that were responsible for the non-centrosymmetric arrangement of the push-pull chromophores. Two different procedures were used to obtain nanoparticles : a first with reverse micelles (surfactants) and a second with cation exchange resin