Academic literature on the topic 'Stabilité génétique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Stabilité génétique"
Claverys, JP. "Correction des mésappariements et stabilité de l'information génétique." médecine/sciences 8, no. 6 (1992): I. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/3194.
Full textVerly, W. "Histones et polyamines interviennent dans la stabilité de l'information génétique." médecine/sciences 5, no. 9 (1989): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/4051.
Full textBouchard, Gérard, Claude Laberge, Charles R. Scriver, Francis Glorieux, Manon Declos, Lise Bergeron, Jean Larochelle, and Saidi Mortezai. "Étude démographique et généalogique de deux maladies héréditaires au Saguenay." Cahiers québécois de démographie 13, no. 1 (October 24, 2008): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/600525ar.
Full textJAMMES, H., and J. P. RENARD. "Epigénétique et construction du phénotype, un enjeu pour les productions animales ?" INRAE Productions Animales 23, no. 1 (February 8, 2010): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2010.23.1.3283.
Full textLaforgue, Pierre. "Le Cahier d’un retour au pays natal de 1939 à 1947 (de l’édition Volontés à l’édition Bordas)." Études françaises 48, no. 1 (October 24, 2012): 131–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1012898ar.
Full textHesketh, John E., and Stéphane Villette. "Intracellular trafficking of micronutrients: from gene regulation to nutrient requirements." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 61, no. 4 (November 2002): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2002176.
Full textBettaieb, Habib, and Houcine Rejeb. "Optimisation des caractéristiques d'un véhicule ferroviaire en stabilité transversale et en circulation en courbe par l'algorithme génétique." Mécanique & Industries 9, no. 4 (July 2008): 347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca:2008039.
Full textREZAEI, H., J. GROSCLAUDE, F. EGHIAIAN, T. HAERTLE, M. MARDEN, M. KNOSSOW, and P. DEBEY. "Lien entre type génétique et résistance des ovins à la Tremblante : une approche structurale et physico-chimique." INRAE Productions Animales 17, HS (December 20, 2004): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2004.17.hs.3626.
Full textCALENGE, F., C. MARTIN, N. LE FLOCH, F. PHOCAS, D. MORGAVI, C. ROGEL-GAILLARD, and P. QUÉRÉ. "Intégrer la caractérisation du microbiote digestif dans le phénotypage de l’animal de rente : vers un nouvel outil de maîtrise de la santé en élevage ?" INRAE Productions Animales 27, no. 3 (August 28, 2014): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.3.3068.
Full textZinebi, S., C. Henriette, E. Petitdemange, J. C. Joret, N. Saveant, and M. Quittelier. "Sélection de clones résistants appartenant aux genres Kiebsiella, Serratia et Pseudomonas afin de suivre leur implantation dans un biofiltre." Revue des sciences de l'eau 5, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 593–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705149ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Stabilité génétique"
Xhemalce, Blerta. "Rôle de SUMO dans l'(in)stabilité génétique chez S. Pombe." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077177.
Full textSumoylation represents a conserved mechanism of post-translational modification resulting in the covalent attachment of the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier SUMO protein on target proteins. Here, we have used S. Pombe, a monocellular eukaryotic organism providinq powerfull genetic tools as a model system to elucidate the roles of sumoylation in cellullar processes responsible for the maintenance of the stability of the genome. We showed Pli 1p to be a SUMO E3 Ligase of the Siz/PIAS family implicated in three key nuclear fonctions for genetic stability : the centromeres, the telomères and the repair of DMA damage occurring durina the S phase of genome duplication
Attaiech, Laetitia. "Déterminants de stabilité et de maturation de l'ADN internalisé lors de la transformation génétique naturelle chez Streptococcus pneumoniae." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/707/.
Full textDuring my doctorate, I studied different aspects of genetic transformation in the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. This bacterium can naturally develop a transient physiological state, named competence, in which it is able to internalize and integrate exogenous DNA into its chromosome by homologous recombination. We showed that antibiotic treatment can induce competence and transformation, thus enabling genetic plasticity and increasing pathogenicity of S. Pneumoniae (Prudhomme, Attaiech et al. Science 2006). Then, my work concentrates on the fate of DNA after internalization during the process of transformation. First, I have analysed several mutants with the aim of identifying the nuclease(s) that can degrade internalized DNA. So far, I have been unable to identify this nuclease. However, among the tested candidates, CoiA and Pms have been implied in the mismatch repair process and we showed that, despite the original annotation, there is no evidence of a role of RadC in connection with repair and/or recombination. This permitted a revision of the Pfam annotation (Attaiech et al. J. Bact. 2008). Finally, we focused on the protection of internalized DNA and showed that the major protein component of the eclipse complex (EC, a nucleocomplex in which internalized DNA is protected) is the competence-induced protein SsbB (Morrison et al. J. Bact. 2007). I have done further biochemical experiments on the characteristics of EC and show that the support used during purification exhibits strong affinity for a lot of protein. That implies that the real nature of the EC has to be discovered
Louat, Thierry. "Signalisation et (in)stabilité génétique : nouvelles voies de régulation de la réparation de l'ADN." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30102.
Full textCells and DNA are exposed to various endogenous or exogenous genotoxic insults. Cells dispose of six DNA repair mechanisms. Among these, the nucleotide excision repair, NER, corrects a large variety of damage. We focused on the impact of kinase expression, p210BCR-ABL and PKCzeta, in DNA repair activity modulation. P210bcr-abl oncogene transfection in myeloid cells increases NER activity in a kinase activity-dependant pathway. Inversely, p210BCR-ABL expression in a lymphoid cell line represses NER activity and sensitises cells to UVC in a kinase activity-dependant pathway. P210BCR-ABL seems to target the initial steps of the NER process, before XPB recruitment occurs. We also show that ectopic expression of PKCzeta confers cell resistance to UVC, cisplatin and melphalan. PKCzeta overexpression stimulates NER activity by increasing global genome repair and transcription-coupled repair detection complex levels. CSA and CSB proteins are overexpressed by Sp1-mediated transcriptional stimulation. Reasons for XPC/hHR23B overexpression were unable to be elucidated thought transcriptional and direct phosphorylation, however are excluded. PKCzeta interacts with, and phosphorylates, the mismatch detection complex, hMutSalpha. Its phosphorylation prohibits proteasome degradation and increases mismatch repair activity. .
Sossou-Becker, Marguerite. "Etude du rôle de l' interaction entre XRCC1 et APE1 dans la stabilité génétique." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066359.
Full textBombarde, Oriane. "La stabilité télomérique : étude fondamentale et applications thérapeutiques." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/785/.
Full textIn absence of telomerase, telomere decrease during cells divisions, until a limitant length which define the proliferative capacity of cells. Reactivation of telomerase causes a infinite proliferation of cells : it's cell immortalization, a key process of cancerogenesis. ID3-010 molecule had in vitro an affinity 10000 fold high for G-quadruplex (structures formed in telomere) rather than DNA duplex. Despite of a good inhibition of telomerase in vitro, this molecule can't inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Contrary to DNA double strand break (DSB), natural extremities of telomere don't react with ligation or signalization mechanisms. C-NHEJ mechanism (classical non-homologous end-joining) repairs most of DSB in human cells. In the second project of my thesis, I study the inhibition mechanism of C-NHEJ in telomere. I show with ligation and pulldown experiment that inhibition of C-NHEJ is supported by a competition between telomeric proteins TRF2/RAP1 and C-NHEJ proteins KU and DNA-PKcs. Paradoxically, KU and DNA-PKcs are necessary to telomeric stability. Indeed, lack of this proteins causes fusions with a alternative ligation mechanism (B-NHEJ). We propose a model of double protection of telomere against ligation in which TRF2/RAP1 inhibit C-NHEJ via a negative control of KU and DNA-PKcs, themselves inhibit B-NHEJ
Bacquin, Agathe. "Régulation de l’hélicase FBH1 et conséquences sur le maintien de la stabilité génétique chez l’homme." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA11T060.
Full textAlthough Homologous Recombination (HR) is required for error-free repair of double-strand breaks and stalled or collapsed replication forks, it has to be highly regulated to prevent unscheduled genome rearrangements and loss of heterozygosity. In yeast S. cerevisiae, the SUMOylated form of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) recruits the DNA helicase Srs2 at stalled replication forks to prevent unscheduled HR events by disrupting Rad51 nucleoprotein. In our laboratory, previous results showed that PCNA is also SUMOylated in human on lysine 164, especially in translesion polymerase η (Pol η) deficient cells.During my phD, I first studied the localization of SUMO-PCNA and showed that it accumulates at UV-induced DNA damage. It suggests that PCNA is involved in the DNA damage response to this kind of lesions. To characterize the function of this modified form of PCNA, we wondered whether it could recruit an anti-recombinogenic helicase.The human FBH1 helicase was recently thought to act as a functional homolog of Srs2, since it can partially complement Srs2-deficient S. cerevisiae strains. Besides, hFBH1 has an anti-recombinogenic activity and accumulates at sites of DNA breaks or replication stress.To further characterize the function and regulation of hFBH1 in human cells, we examined its subcellular localization in response to several DNA damaging agents. Our results showed that, without external treatment, FBH1 accumulates into replication foci where it colocalizes with PCNA. After genotoxic treatment, FBH1 accumulates early ant transiently to DNA damage. We show that PCNA coordinates the accumulation of FBH1 during replication and after DNA damage through direct interaction via two distinct PCNA interaction motifs: PIP and APIM. However, FBH1 does not interact preferentially with SUMO-PCNA.We also show that FBH1 recruitment is followed by its polyubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. This degradation depends on PCNA and the ubiquitin-ligase CRL4Cdt2 and is required for Pol η proper recruitment to UV-induced DNA damage. These findings suggest that PCNA recruits FBH1 at stalled replication forks or in response to DNA damage to limit unscheduled RAD51-dependent recombination. Then, PCNA and CRL4Cdt2 would promote FBH1 degradation to enable translesion synthesis
Helliot, Bertrand. "Croissance et stabilité génétique des vitroplants de prunier Ferlenain Plumina® après cryoconservation de méristèmes." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10653.
Full textConservation of Prunus germplasm is important for the preservation of biodiversity for this genus. Traditional germplasm conservation technologies present a number of disadvantages which may be overcome by the complementary use of cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen (-196°C). We developed a cryopreservation procedure for plum meristems incorporating both vitrification solution and slow freezing. In vitro-grown plantlets were cold acclimated for 24h at 4°C, then meristems were excised and pretreated for 24h at 4°C on MS medium supplemented with 5% DMSO and 20% proline. Meristems were transferred to modified PVS-2 solution containing 5% proline for 45 minutes at 4°C, then frozen at 5°C/min to -40°C, and plunged into liquid nitrogen. Thawing was in a +40°C water bath. This procedure allowed us to reach 50-60% of regrowth rate. Study of the genetic stability of plants recovered from cryopreservation and different control in vitro-grown plants was instituted to determine if temperature variations during the freeze-thaw cycle or chemical cryoprotectants, like DMSO, affected plant DNA. RAPD and AFLP techniques were used to detect polymorphism between the control and frozen plants. We observed a significant increase in DNA rearrangement in the cryopreserved plants compared to the different control in vitro-grown plants
Langlois, de Septenville Anne. "Rôle des hélicases et des protéines de la recombinaison lors des collisions entre la réplication et la transcription." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066515.
Full textMajed, Zeina. "Elaboration d'un nouveau modèle pour la caractérisation de nouveaux gènes impliqués dans la stabilité des sites fragiles." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T022.
Full textCommon fragile sites are chomosomal regions involved in recurrent breaks, which are "expressed" under various physiological stresses, most of them are known to disturb DNA replication. A direct link between fragile sites and emergence of various types of chromosomal rearrangement has been established, even in early stages of tumorigenesis. However, only few genes involved in genome stability at fragile sites have been identified. The aim of this study is to identify new genes involved in the expression of fragile sites and to elucidate molecular processes that affect their stability. We established a cell based system on a mismatch repair deficient background. 20 candidate genes were targeted in this study. We examined the incidence of frameshift mutations in 32 mononucleotide repeats of these genes. 17 frameshift mutations were found. We demonstrate that frameshift mutations affecting coding mononucleotide repeat of ATR, inactivate one of the two alleles leading to formation of breaks at fragile sites. This collection of clones gives us a unique cellular model to study precisely the maintenance of genome stability at fragile sites. Furthermore, we have investigated the effects of the deregulation of the expression of MCPH1/BRIT1 on common fragile site stability. MCPH1/BRIT1 acts as a regulator of both the intra-S and G2/M keckpoints. We show that deregulation of the expression of MCPH1/BRIT1 increase H2AX phosphorylation suggesting the accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. This leads to formation of breaks at fragile sites. These findings demonstrate a critical role for the MCPH1/BRIT1 in regulating chromosome stability, and in particular, common fragile site
Henri, Julien. "Etudes structurales et fonctionnelles d'acteurs de la terminaison de la traduction et de la stabilité des ARN messagers eucaryotes." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112138.
Full textGene expression is an essential function which level, fidelity and efficiency are tightly controlled. During my thesis I have focused on the actor of translation termination efficiency Tpa1, on its partner Ett1 and on the complex Dom34-Hbs1 involved in the RNA quality-control mechanisms NGD and NRD. We have solved the crystal structure of each of these proteins and realized a biochemical functional characterization
Conference papers on the topic "Stabilité génétique"
Sicard, L., A. B. Kaddour, D. O'Hana, and R. Khonsari. "Luxation bilatérale de l’articulation temporo-mandibulaire chez l’enfant." In 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206602015.
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