Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stable flame

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Stable flame'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Stable flame"

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Wan, Jianlong, and Ziyi Su. "Ultra-lean dynamics of a holder-stabilized hydrogen enriched flames in a preheated mesoscale combustor." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 5 (2022): 057108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091039.

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To provide the theoretical basis to suppress the unstable flames under the coupling effect of flow and heat recirculation, the present work experimentally studies the ultra-lean dynamics of a holder stabilized 40%H2–60%CH4–air premixed flame in a preheated mesoscale combustor. The regime diagram of the flame behaviors at various operating conditions is obtained. It is observed that the blow-off limit first increases slightly and then decreases sharply (the anomalous blow-off limit) with the decreased Re value. Three types of the flame behaviors (i.e., the conventional stable flame, the stable
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Andi, Sanata, Yuliati Lilis, Nur Sasongko Mega, and Nyoman Gede Wardana I. "FLAME BEHAVIOR INSIDE CONSTANT DIAMETER CYLINDRICAL MESO­SCALE COMBUSTOR WITH DIFFERENT BACKWARD FACING STEP SIZE." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 8 (104) (2020): 44–51. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.197988.

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This research observes the behavior of the flame stability in a cylindrical meso-scale combustor at various backward facing step sizes. The backward facing step was varied by changing the size of the combustor inlet diameter while the size of the combustor outlet diameter was kept constant, keeping a constant contact area. Butane gas (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>) was used as fuel with air as the oxidizing agent. The results show that generally, the flame mode and area of the flame mode map are obtained for the conditions of the stable flame at combustor rim, stable flame in combustor, stable f
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Zheng, Xiao Feng, Yaoxun Feng, and Ming Sheng Jia. "Experimental Investigation of Methane/Air Penetration Combustion and Flame Stability Characteristics on Porous Wall Surface." Advanced Materials Research 732-733 (August 2013): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.732-733.190.

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Aimed to optimize the design of micro combustor whose chamber based on porous medium wall surface, combustion and flame stability characteristics on porous wall surface with methane/air flat flame were investigated experimentally in this paper. The experimental results show that stable flat flame can be formed on the porous medium surface within given ranges of fuel equivalence ratio and flow rate. When mixture flow rate increasing, the thickness of flame decreases firstly and then increases, and standoff distance of flames decreases quickly and then is unchanged. At higher mean velocity of mi
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Hollingshead, Joshua M., Makayla L. L. Ianuzzi, Alexandra C. Risha, Jeffrey D. Moore, and Grant A. Risha. "Influence of Annular Flow Area and a 30-Degree Impingement Angle on Methane/Oxygen Diffusion Flame Stability." Methane 4, no. 3 (2025): 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/methane4030016.

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This work examined the effects of secondary annular flow area on flame stability in an experimental diffusion flame burner. The burner was composed of a horizontally mounted, rectangular chamber that utilized a retractable spark plug for ignition and an inverse coaxial injector. The primary and secondary gaseous reactants were oxygen and methane, respectively. Three injectors were assessed to have a fixed primary flow area and secondary flow impingement angle of 30 degrees with the primary flow and distinct secondary annular flow areas. Resultant flames and flame standoff distances were record
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Wang, Meng, Chen Fu, Xiaoyang Wang, et al. "Experimental Investigation on the Symmetry and Stabilization of Ethanol Spray Swirling Flames Utilizing Simultaneous PIV/OH-PLIF Measurements." Symmetry 16, no. 2 (2024): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16020205.

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A detailed experimental study of ethanol spray swirling flames was performed in an axial bluff body stabilized burner. The characteristics of the non-reacting and reacting sprays were recorded by particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of the OH radical. A few typical flames with different structures (outer-side-flame-lifting, stable, and near-blow-off) were compared and analyzed. The parameters of the spray, including the spray half-angle (α) and droplet number density (nd), are quantified, and it has been found the flame structure and stability were st
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Vance, Faizan Habib, Yuriy Shoshin, Philip de Goey, and Jeroen van Oijen. "Flame Stabilization and Blow-Off of Ultra-Lean H2-Air Premixed Flames." Energies 14, no. 7 (2021): 1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071977.

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The manner in which an ultra-lean hydrogen flame stabilizes and blows off is crucial for the understanding and design of safe and efficient combustion devices. In this study, we use experiments and numerical simulations for pure H2-air flames stabilized behind a cylindrical bluff body to reveal the underlying physics that make such flames stable and eventually blow-off. Results from CFD simulations are used to investigate the role of stretch and preferential diffusion after a qualitative validation with experiments. It is found that the flame displacement speed of flames stabilized beyond the
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JU, YIGUANG, HONGSHENG GUO, KAORU MARUTA, and FENGSHAN LIU. "On the extinction limit and flammability limit of non-adiabatic stretched methane–air premixed flames." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 342 (July 10, 1997): 315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112097005636.

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Extinction limits and the lean flammability limit of non-adiabatic stretched premixed methane–air flames are investigated numerically with detailed chemistry and two different Planck mean absorption coefficient models. Attention is paid to the combined effect of radiative heat loss and stretch at low stretch rate. It is found that for a mixture at an equivalence ratio lower than the standard lean flammability limit, a moderate stretch can strengthen the combustion and allow burning. The flame is extinguished at a high stretch rate due to stretch and is quenched at a low stretch rate due to rad
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Avila Jimenez, Cristian D. Avila, Santiago Cardona, Mohammed A. Juaied, et al. "Influence of the Pilot Flame on the Morphology and Exhaust Emissions of NH3-CH4-Air Swirl Flames Using a Reduced-Scale Burner at Atmospheric Pressure." Energies 16, no. 1 (2022): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010231.

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This work presents an experimental study on the influence of the pilot flame characteristics on the flame morphology and exhaust emissions of a turbulent swirling flame. A reduced-scale burner, inspired by that fitted in the AE-T100 micro gas turbine, was employed as the experimental platform to evaluate methane (CH4) and an ammonia-methane fuel blend with an ammonia (NH3) volume fraction of 0.7. The power ratio (PR) between the pilot flame and the main flame and the fuel composition of the pilot flame was investigated. The pilot power ratio was varied from 0 to 20% for both fuel compositions
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Scoletta, Edoardo, and Wolfgang Polifke. "Impact of stretch on the flame dynamics of laminar premixed flames." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 1 (2023): 6277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0933.

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Flame transfer functions (FTF) of laminar premixed flames acoustically forced are analytically investigated and modelled. The study is based on the linearized G-equation, which is used to kinematically track the flame front. In order to incorporate combustion properties, the laminar consumption speed is considered varying depending on the flame front stretch. Once written in dimensionless form, the G-equation reveals that the FTF depends on 3 dimensionless parameters: a Strouhal number (St2) that accounts for the convective time of the flow perturbation along the flame-front, the flame aspect-
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Djordjevic, Neda, Peter Habisreuther, and Nikolaos Zarzalis. "Flame Stabilization and Emissions of a Natural Gas/Air Ceramic Porous Burner." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.105.

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Increasingly stringent regulations for limiting pollutant emissions for both aircraft and industrial gas turbines enforce further reduction of NOx emissions while maintaining flame stability. Application of premixed flames offers the possibility to reduce these emissions, but nevertheless it is strongly connected with flame instability risks. A possible solution to ensure the stability of premixed flames is to provide enhanced heat recirculation employing porous inert material. Experimental determination of flame stability and emissions of a porous burner containing a reticulate ceramic sponge
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stable flame"

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Watson, Graeme. "The influence of interfacial heat transfer on stable flame propagation in small channels." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114427.

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Flames in heated tubular channels, with radii on the order of the flame thickness, are investigated experimentally and numerically to understand the various effects of flame / wall interfacial heat transfer. First, combustion is studied in a burner-stabilized configuration, with an imposed temperature profile along the tube wall, to isolate and understand the role of flame / wall heat loss, without heat recirculation. The flames are found to be influenced by competition between energy required to preheat the reactants, heat released by combustion, and heat lost to the wall. To model such flame
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Liu, Jiacheng. "Fabrication, Synthesis, and Characterization of Flame Retardant and Thermally Stable Materials: Flame Retardant Coating for Polyurethane Foam and Fused-ring Benzo-/naphthoxazines." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1491229961956675.

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POMA, GIULIA. "Evaluation of bioaccumulation processes of brominated flame retardants in biotic matrices." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/50902.

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The global reduction in the use of PBDEs and HBCD as flame retardants has opened the way for the introduction of “Novel” BFRs (NBFRs) in place of the banned formulations, indicating those BFRs that are new in the market or newly/recently observed in the environment in respect to PBDEs and HBCD. Consequently, consumption and production of these NBFRs will keep rising, and increasing environmental levels of these chemicals are expected in the near future. Important representatives of this group are decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), hexabromobenzene
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Boudy, Frédéric. "Analyse de la dynamique non-linéaire et du contrôle des instabilités de combustion fondée sur la "Flame Describing Function" (FDF)." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870770.

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Cette thèse se concentre sur l'étude des instabilités de combustion dans un brûleur prémélangé. Les instabilités sont généralement issues d'un couplage entre la combustion et les modes propres du système. La mise en résonance qui en résulte peut avoir des conséquences qui sont souvent dommageables, entraînant des vibrations, une fatigue des matériaux soumis à des charges acoustiques élevées et une intensification des flux de chaleur vers les parois de la chambre. Un premier objectif de cette thèse est de poursuivre le développement de méthodes de prévision des instabilités et des phénomènes no
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Tadesse, Abel. "On the Volume Changes during the Solidification of Cast Irons and Peritectic Steels." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Metallernas gjutning, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202558.

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This thesis work deals with the volume changes during the solidification of cast irons and peritectic steels. The volume changes in casting metals are related to the expansion and/or contraction of the molten metal during solidification. Often, different types of shrinkage, namely macro- and micro-shrinkage, affect the casting quality. In addition to that, exposure of the metal casting to higher contraction or expansion during the solidification might also be related to internal strain development in samples, which eventually leads to surface crack propagation in some types of steel alloys dur
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Pei-ChiLul and 呂佩錡. "Simulation of Flame Characteristics of Scaled-Down Stable Burners." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48565987750007154817.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>機械工程學系碩博士班<br>101<br>In this study, flame characteristics of stable burners scaled down through (1)fixed velocity, (2)fixed residence time, (3)fixed volumetric heat release rate, and (4)fixed momentum (fixed Reynolds Number) approaches were numerically investigated. Combustion characteristics of the scaled-down burners were benchmarked with a swirl-type burner, and compare with the flame characteristics when using coke oven gas (COG) and natural gas (NG). The thermal loadings of the original and the scaled-down burners are 146 kW and 116 kW, respectively. The corresponding fuel
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Books on the topic "Stable flame"

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Mittal, Vikas, ed. Thermally Stable and Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites. Cambridge University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511842412.

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Mittal, Vikas. Thermally stable and flame retardant polymer nanocomposites. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Mummery, Bob. Countdown to the Stanley Cup: An illustrated history of the Calgary Flames. Polestar Book Publishers, 1989.

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Duhatschek, Eric. On fire: The dramatic rise of the Calgary Flames. Polestar Press, 1986.

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Edmunds, Martin. Flame in a Stable. Arrowsmith Press, 2021.

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Mittal, Vikas. Thermally Stable and Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Mittal, Vikas. Thermally Stable and Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Mittal, Vikas. Thermally Stable and Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Mittal, Vikas. Thermally Stable and Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Press, Canadian. Calgary Flames: 2004 Stanley Cup Champions. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stable flame"

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Cerin, O., G. Fontaine, S. Duquesne, and S. Bourbigot. "Thermally Stable and Flame Retardant Elastomeric Nanocomposites." In Advanced Structured Materials. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15787-5_6.

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Martynenko, Oleg G., and Pavel P. Khramtsov. "Stable Vortex Structures in Axisymmetric Flame Under Oscillating Combustion." In Applied Optical Measurements. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58496-1_21.

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Khan, Amir, and Mohammad Samar Ansari. "Deep Learning Based Stable and Unstable Candle Flame Detection." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0419-5_5.

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Qiu, Shuilai. "Air Stable Polyphosphazene Functionalized Few-Layer Black Phosphorene for Flame Retardancy of Epoxy Resins." In Springer Theses. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3552-6_2.

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Gidday, Biruk Gissila, and Bisrat Gissila Gidday. "Hydrogeology-Induced Retrogressive Slope Toe Failure Initiation: A Coupled Physical and Numerical Modeling Approach." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4355-1_47.

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AbstractThe conceptual premise of the current study is that the chronological effect of geologic parameters and hydrologic variation has been enhancing the toe slope since then, and hence the natural slope has remained stable. To capture the phenomenon, in addition to an intensive literature review and the subsequent findings and rationales, comprehensive laboratory testing, physical flume experiments, and numerical modeling were performed. The flume experiments were extensively instrumented (pore pressure transducers, suction sensors, strain transducers, and tracer chemicals) to observe the r
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Kim, G. H., Min Ku Lee, G. M. Kim, Sung Mo Hong, Wheung Whoe Kim, and Chang Kyu Rhee. "Optimization of Movable Flame Hardening Process for the Turbine Blade 12Cr Steel." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-25-6.185.

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Lee, Min Ku, G. H. Kim, K. H. Kim, et al. "Formation of Tensile Stress Induced Cracks in Flame Hardening Surface Treatment of 12Cr Blade Steel." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-25-6.191.

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Hong, Sung Mo, Min Ku Lee, G. H. Kim, Chang Kyu Rhee, K. H. Kim, and Wheung Whoe Kim. "Analysis on Fatigue Fracture of the Flame-Quenched 8.8Al-Bronze by Ultrasonic Vibratory Cavitation Erosion." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-25-6.463.

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Kim, G. H., Min Ku Lee, G. M. Kim, Sung Mo Hong, Wheung Whoe Kim, and Chang Kyu Rhee. "Erosion Resistance and Its Mechanism for Flame-Hardened 12Cr Steel by High Speed Water Drop Impacts." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-25-6.179.

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Chen, Kaixiao, Xiuyun Guo, Xiaogang Wang, Yun Li, and Long Zhu. "Research Progress on Fish Barrier Measures." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_105.

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AbstractFishway is an artificial flume for fish migration through sluice gates or dams, which is widely used worldwide as an effective means to restore ecological connectivity of rivers. However, since the inlet of fishway is quite narrow compared to the width of the river, it is difficult for fish to find the inlet of fishway, and fish are easily attracted by the relatively high speed of water flow generated by turbines and cross the dam from turbines, resulting in a large number of fish casualties, so fish barrier measures play an important role in preventing fish from entering turbines, int
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Conference papers on the topic "Stable flame"

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Tang, Haojie, Dong Yang, Tongfeng Zhang, and Min Zhu. "Characteristics of Flame Modes for a Conical Bluff Body Burner With a Central Fuel Jet." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94350.

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Bluff body stabilised non-premixed flames are usually used as pilot flames in lean-premixed combustors. Experiments are conducted to investigate the characteristics of the flame. Typical flame modes are investigated in both stable and unstable conditions. The flow structures, the reaction zone, and the dynamics of unstable flames are measured with PIV, ICCD and a high speed camera, respectively, based on which the inherent mechanisms that influence the configuration and stabilisation of the flame are analysed. Stable flames are apparently influenced by the mixing characteristics in the recircu
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Sausa, R. C., R. J. Locke, S. L. Howard, et al. "Detection of Transient and Stable Species in Low Pressure Flames." In Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis. Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laca.1990.tuc14.

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Li, Jihang, Stephen Peluso, Bryan Quay, Domenic Santavicca, James Blust, and Ram Srinivasan. "Effect of Pilot Flame on Flame Macrostructure and Combustion Instability." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-64079.

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The effect of a pilot flame on the dynamic stability characteristics of a single-nozzle lean-premixed swirl combustor operating on natural gas fuel is investigated. Experiments are performed at a fixed inlet temperature and inlet velocity over a broad range of overall fuel-lean equivalence ratios with varied amounts of pilot fuel. The stability results are presented in the form of a dynamic stability map which is a three-dimensional graph of the normalized rms pressure fluctuation versus the overall equivalence ratio and percent pilot. The dynamic stability map identifies boundaries between st
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Shi, Baolu, Jie Hu, Satoru Ishizuka, Junwei Li, and Ningfei Wang. "Experimental and Numerical Study on Oxygen Enhanced Methane Combustion in a Rapidly Mixed Tubular Flame Burner." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50574.

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To promote energy and environment security through combustion efficiency improvement as well as CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS), in this study oxygen enhanced combustion of methane has been investigated by using an inherently safe technique of rapidly mixed tubular flame combustion. As a new type of flame, the tubular flame has excellent flame characteristics such as negligible heat loss, aerodynamic stability and thermodynamic stability. Various applications have been proposed and demonstrated for determining the flammability limits, stabilizing a flame in a high speed flow, and obtaining
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Villalva Gomez, Rodrigo, Yuri Perelstein, and Ephraim Gutmark. "Flame-Vortex Breakdown Interaction in Stable and Unstable Combustion." In 46th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-6708.

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Kribs, James D., Andrew R. Hutchins, William A. Reach, Tamir S. Hasan, and Kevin M. Lyons. "Effects of Hydrogen Enrichment on the Reattachment and Hysteresis of Lifted Methane Flames." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98031.

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The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of hydrogen enrichment on the stability of lifted, partially premixed, methane flames. Due to the relatively large burning velocity of hydrogen-air flames when compared to that of typical hydrocarbon-air flames, hydrogen enriched hydrocarbon flames are able to create stable lifted flames at higher velocities. In order to assess the impact of hydrogen enrichment, a selection of studies in lifted and attached flames were initiated. Experiments were performed that focused on the amount of hydrogen needed to reattach a stable, lifted methane jet
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Rofi, Luca, Vyacheslav Anisimov, Aldo Chiarioni, Claudia Ozzano, and Federico Daccà. "Bi-Stable Flame Behaviour of Heavy Duty Gas Turbine Burner." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25546.

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VeLoNOx™ (Very Low NOx) burners have been developed by Ansaldo Energia to satisfy the most restrictive emission limits of many countries. The stability field range is a key element for the design of such combustion systems; ever-deeper knowledge is therefore essential. The impact on stability of flame transition is of paramount relevance. Usually, flame transition occurs during load ramp: two different flame shapes take place in a well-defined load range. When loading up to base load condition, stability requires proper choice of flame shape. Observation of flame transition in a full-scale pre
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Katta, Viswanath R., and W. M. Roquemore. "Studies on Lean-Blowout Characteristics of a Premixed Jet Flame." In ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-115.

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The stability characteristics of a fuel-lean premixed jet flame are investigated using a time-dependent, axisymmetric numerical model with a detailed-chemical-kinetics mechanism for H2-O2-N2 combustion. Temperature- and species-dependent transport properties are incorporated. The mathematical model is validated by computing the burning velocities for different equivalence ratios and comparing them with experimentally measured values. Premixed flames that are stably attached to the fuel tube are obtained over a wide range of equivalence ratios. The lower limit for equivalence ratio at which the
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Stöhr, Michael, Kilian Oberleithner, Moritz Sieber, Zhiyao Yin, and Wolfgang Meier. "Experimental Study of Transient Mechanisms of Bi-Stable Flame Shape Transitions in a Swirl Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-65003.

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Sudden changes of flame shape are an undesired, yet poorly understood feature of swirl combustors used in gas turbines. The present work studies flame shape transition mechanisms of a bistable turbulent swirl flame in a gas turbine model combustor, which alternates intermittently between an attached V-form and a lifted M-form. Time-resolved velocity fields and 2D flame structures were measured simultaneously using high-speed stereo-PIV and OH-PLIF at 10 kHz. The data analysis is performed using two novel methods that are well adapted to the study of transient flame shape transitions: Firstly,
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Zhou, Jie, Yuhua Ai, and Wenjun Kong. "The Liftoff Properties of Dimethyl Ether Jet Diffusion Flames With Preheating." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95287.

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Liftoff properties of DME laminar axisymmetric diffusion flames were investigated experimentally with emphasis on the preheating effects. At room temperature, DME presented a different liftoff phenomenon from the non-oxygenated hydrocarbon fuels. It could not be lifted off directly by increasing the jet velocity except for far field ignition at relatively low mass flow rate. When fuel and dilution were preheated, the DME flame could be lifted off directly by increasing the jet velocity. The range of the mass flow rate of stabilized DME liftoff flames became much narrower and the liftoff height
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Reports on the topic "Stable flame"

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Mehta, Parvez, Mitchell Driggers, and Carole Winterhalter. Development of Flame Resistant Combat Uniform Fabrics Made from Long Staple Wool and Aramid Blend Yarn. Defense Technical Information Center, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada578994.

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Hedrick, Jacob, and Timothy Jacobs. PR-457-14201-R02 Variable NG Composition Effects in LB 2S Compressor Engines Phase I Engine Response. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010997.

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This is the final report summarizing work completed during the first phase of the PRCI study on large bore two stroke lean burn integral compressor engine response to variable natural gas compositions for the purposes of engine control development. Accomplished tasks include the completion of a detailed literature review covering the research topic, a parametric study of laminar flame speeds and ignition delays for binary methane and ethane mixtures up to 30%, and a GT-Power engine model of the Colorado State GMV-4 research engine with associated validation data from CSU�s variable ethane effe
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Coffee, Terence P. Kinetic Mechanisms for Premixed, Laminar, Steady State Hydrogen/Nitrous Oxide Flames. Defense Technical Information Center, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada169404.

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Montalvo-Bartolomei, Axel, Bryant Robbins, and Jamie López-Soto. Backward erosion progression rates from small-scale flume tests. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42135.

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Backward erosion piping (BEP) is an internal erosion mechanism by which erosion channels progress upstream, typically through cohesionless or highly erodible foundation materials of dams and levees. As one of the primary causes of embankment failures, usually during high pool events, the probability of BEP-induced failure is commonly evaluated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for existing dams and levees. In current practice, BEP failure probability is quantitatively assessed assuming steady state conditions with qualitative adjustments for temporal aspects of the process. In cases with sho
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Olsen, Daniel, and Azer Yalin. L52360 NOx Reduction Through Improved Precombustion Chamber Design. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011536.

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several objectives were Several objectives were completed. First, a literature review was performed to assess the current technological state of prechambers. This includes state of the art design, reliability surveys, and proven prechamber design criteria. This is an enabling tool for developing new prechamber concepts for year 2 of the project. The prioritized concepts are (in order): - Improved prechamber geometry - apply high speed engine prechamber design and scale up for large bore engines. - Adiabatic prechamber - traditional prechamber will ceramic lining to reduce heat transfer to the
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Jacobs, Timothy, and Jacob Hedrick. PR-457-14201-R03 Variable NG Composition Effects in LB 2S Compressor Engines - Prediction Enhancement. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011406.

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Phase II of the project has focused on improving the initial analysis performed in the first phase by enhancing the various aspects of predictive combustion for lean burn spark ignition natural gas engines under variable composition fueling. These enhancements have incorporated validation data from a Cooper-Bessemer GMVH-10C3 engine located in New Jersey, which improves upon the lack of field data to bound the scope of composition variation. In simulation related endeavors, effort was made to improve the fundamental combustion physics related parameters, namely laminar flame speed, by developi
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Zhu, Minjie, and Michael Scott. Two-Dimensional Debris-Fluid-Structure Interaction with the Particle Finite Element Method. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/gsfh8371.

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In addition to tsunami wave loading, tsunami-driven debris can cause significant damage to coastal infrastructure and critical bridge lifelines. Using numerical simulations to predict loads imparted by debris on structures is necessary to supplement the limited number of physical experiments of in-water debris loading. To supplement SPH-FEM (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics-Finite Element Method) simulations described in a companion PEER report, fluid-structure-debris simulations using the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) show the debris modeling capabilities in OpenSees. A new contact ele
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Effect of Spark Discharge Duration and Timing on the Combustion Initiation in a Lean Burn SI Engine. SAE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-0478.

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Meeting the increasingly stringent emission and fuel efficiency standards is the primary objective of the automotive research. Lean/diluted combustion is a promising avenue to realize high-efficiency combustion and reduce emissions in SI engines. Under the diluted conditions, the flame propagation speed is reduced because of the reduced charge reactivity. Enhancing the in-cylinder charge motion and turbulence, and thereby increasing the flame speed, is a possible way to harness the combustion process in SI engines. However, the charge motion can have a significant effect on the spark ignition
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