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Journal articles on the topic 'Stable flies'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

FOIL, L. D., and J. A. HOGSETTE. "Biology and control of tabanids, stable flies and horn flies." Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 13, no. 4 (1994): 1125–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/rst.13.4.821.

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2

Semelbauer, Marek, Barbara Mangová, Marek Barta, and Milan Kozánek. "The Factors Influencing Seasonal Dynamics and Spatial Distribution of Stable Fly Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera, Muscidae) within Stables." Insects 9, no. 4 (2018): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects9040142.

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The biology of the stable fly is fairly well known, but factors influencing the distribution of adult stable flies within stables are still inadequately investigated. The four experimental stables were located in south western Slovakia. Within each stable, five sticky traps were localized along the stable, and the flies were weekly counted during the flight season of years 2015–2017. Seasonal activity and stable fly abundance in relation to temperature, rainfall, light conditions, relative air humidity, and cows per stable were evaluated. The seasonal activity of the stable fly shows one large

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3

Semelbauer, Marek, Jozef Oboňa, Marek Barta, Barbara Mangová, and Milan Kozánek. "Spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of non-biting moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in confound conditions of a stable." Polish Journal of Entomology 89, no. 4 - Ahead of print (2020): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4974.

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Many small Diptera adopted at some level endophilic life style, including man-made buildings. Stables create a specific type of microhabitat, which provides shady and relatively humid conditions in combination with excess of organic matter. Unlike the parasites (mosquitos, biting midges, etc.), the commensal fauna of stables is poorly studied. Moth flies (Psychodidae) were collected in cow stable located in Šenkvice, SW Slovakia. Special traps (derived from Malaise traps) were installed along the stable internal wall and in three different heights. In total, we recorded 6325 moth flies belongi

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4

Taylor, David B., and Dennis R. Berkebile. "Sugar Feeding in Adult Stable Flies." Environmental Entomology 37, no. 3 (2008): 625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x(2008)37[625:sfiasf]2.0.co;2.

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5

Dat, Lien Quoc, Luong Thi My Ngan, and Tran Trung Hieu. "Identification of stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) and study on its blood-sucking behavior." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 2, no. 6 (2019): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v2i6.851.

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Stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) is one of the most important blood-sucking insects that has a potential economic impact on the livestock industry. The species has cosmopolitan distribution and is abundant in livestock barns, stables, and pastures. This study identified the presence of S. calcitrans in dairy barns, on fences and foliages around dairy cattle farms in District 12, Cu Chi, Hoc Mon and Binh Chanh Distrist of Ho Chi Minh city, and recorded its blood-sucking behavior. Both sexes of stable flies have blood-sucking behavior and cause much pain and annoyance to catlle resulting in inte

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6

MRAMBA, F., A. BROCE, and L. ZUREK. "Isolation of Enterobacter sakazakii from Stable Flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae)†." Journal of Food Protection 69, no. 3 (2006): 671–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-69.3.671.

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Enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that causes meningitis, enterocolitis, and sepsis, primarily in immunocompromised infants. Previously, it was suggested that stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans, were a vector or reservoir of this pathogen. In our study, by means of a culturing approach combined with 16S rDNA PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping and sequencing, we screened 928 individual stable flies collected in Kansas and Florida. Two stable flies (0.2%) were positive for E. sakazakii. In addition, 411 (44%) stable flies carried bacteria-forming r

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7

Tam, Tracey L., Jerome Hogsette, and Saundra TenBroeck. "Can Attractive Sticky Traps Be Used to Protect Horses From the Bites of Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 5 (2019): 2469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz134.

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Abstract The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), is a bloodsucking ectoparasite that causes irritation and distress to livestock, wildlife, and humans. Both sexes are vicious blood-feeders that feed on a variety of animals. Optically attractive sticky traps have been used to capture stable flies, and some companies claim that sticky traps can protect animals from the bites of stable flies. To further investigate the protective ability of sticky traps, Home and Garden Mosquito (HGM) traps were selected for evaluations at the University of Florida Horse Teaching Unit (HTU). Broodmares coated w

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8

Conrad B. Gilbertson. "Mortality of Stable Flies and House Flies in Water and Carbon Dioxide." Transactions of the ASAE 30, no. 5 (1987): 1442–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30583.

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9

Krafsur, E. S. "Allozyme variation in stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Biochemical Genetics 31, no. 5-6 (1993): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00557332.

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10

C. B. Gilbertson and J. B. Campbell. "Evaluation of Beef Cattle Feedlot Subsystems for Immature House Flies and Stable Flies." Transactions of the ASAE 29, no. 4 (1986): 1092–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30275.

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11

Pickens, L. G., and G. D. Mills. "Solar-Powered Electrocuting Trap for Controlling House Flies and Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 30, no. 5 (1993): 872–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/30.5.872.

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12

Carlson, Jaden M., Brian L. Vander Ley, Sang I. Lee, et al. "Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in stable flies following consumption of blood from persistently infected cattle." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 32, no. 1 (2020): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638719898688.

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Control of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) relies on resource-intensive sampling to detect and remove persistently infected (PI) cattle. Herd-level surveillance tools would be useful for herds with unknown BVDV status and for monitoring herds with BVDV-free status. Our objective was to determine the feasibility of using stable flies as a sampling tool to detect BVDV at the herd level. Stable flies ( Stomoxys calcitrans) were fed citrated blood from either BVDV-PI or BVDV-free cattle to establish pools of 100 flies with various proportions of BVDV-fed flies (0%, 1%, 10%, 20%, 40%, or 100% in

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13

Schwarz, Lukas, Andreas Strauss, Igor Loncaric, et al. "The Stable Fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) as a Possible Vector Transmitting Pathogens in Austrian Pig Farms." Microorganisms 8, no. 10 (2020): 1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101476.

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This pilot study aimed to investigate stable flies from Austrian pig farms for the presence of defined swine pathogens, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), hemotrophic mycoplasmas in ingested blood and/or body parts and bacteria on the surface of the flies. Furthermore, the use of stable flies as a diagnostic matrix for the detection of pathogens in the ingested pig blood should be investigated. In total, 69 different microorganisms could be found on the surface of tested S. calcitrans from 20 different pig farms. Escherichia coli w

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14

Skovgård, H., and G. Nachman. "Biological control of house flies Musca domestica and stable flies Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) by means of inundative releases of Spalangia cameroni (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 94, no. 6 (2004): 555–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2004322.

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AbstractThe efficacy of the pupal parasitoid Spalangia cameroni Perkins as a biological control agent was tested against house flies Musca domestica Linnaeus and stable flies Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus) in one dairy cattle and two pig installations in Denmark. Weekly releases of S. cameroni from April through to September–October 1999 and 2000 resulted in significant suppressions of house fly populations to below nuisance level, whereas no effect on stable flies was found. Parasitism was significantly higher in the release years compared to the control years, but was below 25% averaged over

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15

Kaufman, P. E., D. A. Rutz, and S. Frisch. "Large Sticky Traps for Capturing House Flies and Stable Flies in Dairy Calf Greenhouse Facilities." Journal of Dairy Science 88, no. 1 (2005): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(05)72676-x.

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16

Turell, Michael J., David J. Dohm, Christopher J. Geden, Jerome A. Hogsette, and Kenneth J. Linthicum. "Potential for Stable Flies and House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) to Transmit Rift Valley Fever Virus1." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 26, no. 4 (2010): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/10-6070.1.

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17

Allen Miller, J., Delbert D. Oehler, Alfred J. Siebenaler, and Sidney E. Kunz. "Effect of Ivermectin on Survival and Fecundity of Horn Flies and Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 79, no. 6 (1986): 1564–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/79.6.1564.

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18

Hogsette, Jerome A. "New Diets for Production of House Flies and Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in the Laboratory." Journal of Economic Entomology 85, no. 6 (1992): 2291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/85.6.2291.

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19

Lysyk, T. J. "Seasonal Abundance of Stable Flies and House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in Dairies in Alberta, Canada." Journal of Medical Entomology 30, no. 5 (1993): 888–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/30.5.888.

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20

Barros, Antonio Thadeu Medeiros de, Vinícius Duarte Rodrigues, Paulo Henrique Duarte Cançado, and Luísa Nogueira Domingues. "Resistance of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae), to cypermethrin in outbreak areas in Midwestern Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 28, no. 4 (2019): 802–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612019089.

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Abstract Population explosions of the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) have become a serious concern for livestock producers near sugarcane mills in some regions of Brazil due to the insect’s massive reproduction on sugarcane byproducts and waste. Despite the limited efficiency of insecticides for controlling stable fly outbreaks, producers still rely on chemical control to mitigate the alarming infestations in affected areas. This study evaluated the susceptibility of S. calcitrans populations to cypermethrin in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Stable flies were tested from three fiel

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21

Showler, Allan T., and Weste L. A. Osbrink. "Stable Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), Dispersal and Governing Factors." International Journal of Insect Science 7 (January 2015): IJIS.S21647. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ijis.s21647.

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Although the movement of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), has been studied, its extent and significance has been uncertain. On a local scale (<13 km), fly movement occurs between host animals and resting sites to feed and mate, mainly at on-farm locations where herbivorous livestock regularly congregate. Small numbers emigrate from livestock congregation sites in search of other hosts and oviposition substrate, mostly within <1.6 km. Such local movement occurs by flight ∼90 cm above ground, or with moving livestock. While stable flies are active year-round in warm latitudes, cold wi

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22

BERRY, ELAINE D., JAMES E. WELLS, LISA M. DURSO, KRISTINA M. FRIESEN, JAMES L. BONO, and TREVOR V. SUSLOW. "Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Pest Flies Captured in Leafy Greens Plots Grown Near a Beef Cattle Feedlot." Journal of Food Protection 82, no. 8 (2019): 1300–1307. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-601.

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ABSTRACT Leafy greens are leading vehicles for Escherichia coli O157:H7 foodborne illness. Pest flies can harbor this pathogen and may disseminate it to produce. We determined the occurrence of E. coli O157:H7–positive flies in leafy greens planted up to 180 m from a cattle feedlot and assessed their relative risk to transmit this pathogen to leafy greens. The primary fly groups captured on sticky traps at the feedlot and leafy greens plots included house flies (Musca domestica L.), face flies (Musca autumnalis L.), stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans L.), flesh flies (family Sarcophagidae), and

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23

Hood-Nowotny, Rebecca, Margarete Watzka, Leo Mayr, Solomon Mekonnen, Berisha Kapitano, and Andrew Parker. "Intrinsic and Synthetic Stable Isotope Marking of Tsetse Flies." Journal of Insect Science 11, no. 79 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.011.7901.

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24

Pickens, L. G. "Battery-Powered, Electrocuting Trap for Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 28, no. 6 (1991): 822–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/28.6.822.

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25

Cook, David. "A Historical Review of Management Options Used against the Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae)." Insects 11, no. 5 (2020): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11050313.

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The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), remains a significant economic pest globally in situations where intensive animal production or horticultural production provide a suitable developmental medium. Stable flies have been recorded as pests of livestock and humans since the late 1800s to early 1900s. Over 100 years of research has seen numerous methodologies used to control this fly, in particular to protect cattle from flies to minimise production losses. Reduced milk production in dairy cows and decreased weight gain in beef cattle account for losses in the US alone o

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26

Lohmeyer, K. H., and J. M. Pound. "Laboratory Evaluation of Novaluron as a Development Site Treatment for Controlling Larval Horn Flies, House Flies, and Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 49, no. 3 (2012): 647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/me11220.

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27

Kontschán, Jenő, and Sándor Hornok. "New records, a completed list and identification key of mites (Acari) associated with the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)." Acarologia 59, no. 1 (2018): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20194306.

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The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) is a blood-sucking muscid fly species, with a worldwide distribution and high veterinary-medical importance. In this study, four mite species were collected from stable flies in Hungary. One mite species (Trichotrombidium muscarum (Riley, 1878)) from the family Microtrombidiidae was parasitic on the flies, collected in high numbers from their bodies. The other three species were found in small numbers on the flies, which they use only for transportation. The latter included the phoretic female of Pediculaster mesembrinae (Canestrini, 1881) (Acari: Siter

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28

Doud, C. W., D. B. Taylor, and L. Zurek. "Dewatered Sewage Biosolids Provide a Productive Larval Habitat for Stable Flies and House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 49, no. 2 (2012): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/me11158.

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29

Meisel, Richard P., Pia U. Olafson, Kiran Adhikari, Felix D. Guerrero, Kranti Konganti, and Joshua B. Benoit. "Sex Chromosome Evolution in Muscid Flies." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 4 (2020): 1341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.119.400923.

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Sex chromosomes and sex determining genes can evolve fast, with the sex-linked chromosomes often differing between closely related species. Population genetics theory has been developed and tested to explain the rapid evolution of sex chromosomes and sex determination. However, we do not know why the sex chromosomes are divergent in some taxa and conserved in others. Addressing this question requires comparing closely related taxa with conserved and divergent sex chromosomes to identify biological features that could explain these differences. Cytological karyotypes suggest that muscid flies (

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30

Sharif, Shukri, Emmanuel Liénard, Gérard Duvallet, et al. "Attractiveness and Specificity of Different Polyethylene Blue Screens on Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae)." Insects 11, no. 9 (2020): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11090575.

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Stomoxys calcitrans is considered as a major pest of livestock worldwide. Insecticides have been extensively used to control this pest but resistance to these chemical compounds is now reported in many countries. Therefore, a more sustainable and efficient control is needed. Seven different types of blue screens, with reflectances around 460 nm, were tested during summer 2016 in southwestern France to evaluate their attractiveness and their specificity for stable flies. Height of the screen and orientation (east or west) of a blue screen were also considered. High levels of S. calcitrans captu

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31

Owings, Charity G., William P. Gilhooly, and Christine J. Picard. "Blow fly stable isotopes reveal larval diet: A case study in community level anthropogenic effects." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0249422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249422.

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Response to human impacts on the environment are typically initiated too late to remediate negative consequences. We present the novel use of stable isotope analysis (SIA) of blow flies to determine human influences on vertebrate communities in a range of human-inhabited environments, from a pristine national park to a dense metropolitan area. The refrain “you are what you eat” applies to the dietary isotope record of all living organisms, and for carrion-breeding blow flies, this translates to the type of carcasses present in an environment. Specifically, we show that carnivore carcasses make

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32

Vaduva, Gabriela. "Behavioral Responses of Tabanidae and Stomoxys calcitrans to Unbaited and Baited Nzi and Horse Pal Traps in Southern Sweden." Journal of Biology and Life Science 11, no. 2 (2020): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v11i2.17806.

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The distribution and species diversity of tabanids and stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus, 1758, in the research area, Hästhult (wood pasture) in Sweden, as well as the behavioral responses of biting flies to visual and olfactory cues were highlighted by this study. Beyond the control of tabanids and stable flies through the Nzi and Horse Pal traps that act as a surrogate host, this study sought to demonstrate the attractiveness of biting flies to these traps by comparing the results of the two periods in which the traps were unbaited and baited. The odor attractants, such as urine (a

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33

Foil, Lane D., and Cole D. Younger. "Development of treated targets for controlling stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Veterinary Parasitology 137, no. 3-4 (2006): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.033.

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34

MIHOK, STEVE, and PETER H. CLAUSEN. "Feeding habits of Stomoxysspp. stable flies in a Kenyan forest." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 10, no. 4 (1996): 392–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00762.x.

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35

Moon, R. D., L. D. Jacobson, and S. G. Cornelius. "Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) and Productivity of Confined Nursery Pigs." Journal of Economic Entomology 80, no. 5 (1987): 1025–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/80.5.1025.

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36

Mullens, Bradley A., and Jeffery A. Meyer. "Seasonal Abundance of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on California Dairies." Journal of Economic Entomology 80, no. 5 (1987): 1039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/80.5.1039.

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37

Hogsette, Jerome A. "Evaluation of Cyanarox Insecticidal Bait Against Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 111, no. 5 (2018): 2493–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toy191.

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38

Thibodeaux, R. J., J. A. Brady, C. C. K. Maryak, S. L. Swiger, and B. W. Jones. "Short communication: Screening stable flies and house flies as potential vectors of digital dermatitis in dairy cattle." Journal of Dairy Science 104, no. 1 (2021): 977–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-18550.

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39

Guglielmone, A. A., M. M. Volpogni, O. R. Quaino, O. S. Anziani, and A. J. Mangold. "Abundance of stable flies on heifers treated for control of horn flies with organophosphate impregnated ear tags." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 18, no. 1 (2004): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0269-283x.2004.0466.x.

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40

de Castro, Bruno Gomes, Miliane Moreira Soares de Souza, Adriana Hamond Regua-Mangia, and Avelino José Bittencourt. "Occurrence of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli in Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae)." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 22, no. 2 (2013): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000200052.

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This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli (STEC) strains in three distinct anatomic parts of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR Multiplex). According to the results obtained,E. coli was identified in 19.5% of the stable flies. Shiga toxin genes were detected in 13% of the E. coli isolated, most frequently from the surface, followed by abdominal digestive tract and mouth apparatus of insects, respectively. This is the first study to detect presence of STEC in Stomoxys calcitrans in Brazil; it has also revealed

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41

Vaduva, Gabriela. "A study on bloodsucking Tabanidae and Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera) attacking horses and cows in Northern Scania, Sweden." Journal of Biology and Life Science 7, no. 1 (2015): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v7i1.8611.

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<p class="jbls"><span lang="EN-US">In Sweden, during summer, grazing horses and cows are frequently exposed to bloodsucking flies. This study has been performed in the geographical areas of Gundrastorp (pasture) and Kämlehöjalt (wood pasture), in northern Scania, Sweden where the occurrences of biting flies may represent a scourge for domesticated animals. The distribution of biting flies, Tabanidae and <em>Stomoxys calcitrans</em> (L) (known as stable flies) was studied by insect trapping using two Nzi traps, one for each habitat. No attractants have been used in order

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42

Lohmeyer, K. H., J. M. Pound, K. M. Yeater, and M. A. May. "Efficacy of Novaluron as a Feed-Through for Control of Immature Horn Flies, House Flies, and Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Developing in Cow Manure." Journal of Medical Entomology 51, no. 4 (2014): 873–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/me13196.

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43

Lysyk, T. J. "Adult Resting and Larval Developmental Sites of Stable Flies and House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on Dairies in Alberta." Journal of Economic Entomology 86, no. 6 (1993): 1746–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/86.6.1746.

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44

Mullens, Bradley A., William G. Reifenrath, and Sarah M. Butler. "Laboratory trials of fatty acids as repellents or antifeedants against houseflies, horn flies and stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae)." Pest Management Science 65, no. 12 (2009): 1360–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.1823.

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45

Seymour, Ronald C., and John B. Campbell. "Predators and Parasitoids of House Flies and Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in Cattle Confinements in West Central Nebraska." Environmental Entomology 22, no. 1 (1993): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/22.1.212.

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46

Olafson, Pia Untalan, Phillip E. Kaufman, Gérard Duvallet, José-Arturo Solórzano, David B. Taylor, and Rebecca Trout Fryxell. "Frequency of kdr and kdr-his Alleles in Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Populations From the United States, Costa Rica, France, and Thailand." Journal of Medical Entomology 56, no. 4 (2019): 1145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz012.

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Abstract Anecdotal evidence of pyrethroid insecticide product failure for the control of stable fly [Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)] populations in the United States and worldwide prompted us to evaluate the frequency of knockdown resistance (kdr)-type polymorphisms within the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (Vssc) gene of field collected specimens from the United States, France, Costa Rica, and Thailand. The kdr-his allele (L1014H), associated with permethrin resistance, was detected in stable flies from the 10 states sampled in the United States, as well as from Costa Rica and France (Toulouse).

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47

Noronha, C., G. A. P. Gibson, and K. D. Floate. "Hymenopterous parasitoids of house fly and stable fly puparia in Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, Canada." Canadian Entomologist 139, no. 5 (2007): 748–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n06-071.

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AbstractPuparia of house flies, Musca domestica L., and stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), were collected on dairy farms in Prince Edward Island (PEI) and New Brunswick (NB) and held for emergence of hymenopterous parasitoids. Percent parasitism for PEI in 2003 and 2004 was 6.7 (n = 10 060 puparia) and 1.0 (n = 36 992 puparia), respectively. Percent parasitism for NB was not determined in 2003, but was 9.1% (n = 3052 puparia) in 2004. A parasitoid provisionally identified as Phygadeuon ?fumator Gravenhörst (Ichneumonidae) predominated in both provinces. Additional spec

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Greene, G. L. "Release of parasitic wasps to control stable flies in Kansas dairies." Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports, no. 2 (January 1, 1991): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.2974.

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Zhu, Junwei J., Christopher A. Dunlap, Robert W. Behle, Dennis R. Berkebile, and Brian Wienhold. "Repellency of a Wax-Based Catnip-Oil Formulation against Stable Flies." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58, no. 23 (2010): 12320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf102811k.

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Feaster, John E., Mark A. Scialdone, Robin G. Todd, Yamaira I. Gonzalez, Joseph P. Foster, and David L. Hallahan. "Dihydronepetalactones Deter Feeding Activity by Mosquitoes, Stable Flies, and Deer Ticks." Journal of Medical Entomology 46, no. 4 (2009): 832–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/033.046.0413.

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