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Journal articles on the topic 'Stable Isotope Geochemistry'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Hattori, Keiko. "Stable isotope geochemistry." Sedimentary Geology 114, no. 1-4 (1997): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-0738(97)00056-0.

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2

Farquhar, James. "Stable isotope geochemistry,." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67, no. 8 (2003): 1597–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7037(02)01230-9.

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3

Ogbesejana, Abiodun Busuyi, Bo Liu, and Mehdi Ostadhassan. "Stable Isotope Geochemistry of the Organic Elements within Shales and Crude Oils: A Comprehensive Review." Molecules 27, no. 1 (2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010034.

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Over time, stable isotopes have proven to be a useful tool in petroleum geochemistry. However, there is currently insufficient literature on stable isotope geochemistry of the organic elements within shales and crude oils in many petroleum systems around the world. As a result, this paper critically reviews the early and recent trends in stable isotope geochemistry of organic elements in shales and crude oils. The bulk and compound-specific stable isotopes of H, C, and S, as well as their uses as source facies, depositional environments, thermal maturity, geological age, and oil–oil and oil–source rock correlation studies, are all taken into account. The applications of the stable isotopes of H and C in gas exploration are also discussed. Then, the experimental and instrumental approaches to the stable isotopes of H, C, and S, are discussed.

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4

Pollard, A. M. "Isotopes and impact: a cautionary tale." Antiquity 85, no. 328 (2011): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00068034.

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There can be no doubt that isotopic studies have made a huge contribution to archaeology in recent years, so much so that isotope archaeology is now seen as an essential subdiscipline of archaeology in much the same way as isotope geochemistry is a key subdiscipline of geochemistry. Ignoring for current purposes the contribution made by the measurement of a particular radioactive isotope of carbon (14C) since 1950, we can date the beginnings of isotope archaeology to the mid 1960s with the first measurements of lead isotopes in archaeological metals and slags by Brill and Wampler (1965, 1967). This was followed by carbon stable isotopes in human bone collagen in the late 1970s, building on previous work measuring σ13C in archaeological bone for radiocarbon determinations (Vogel & Van der Merwe 1977; Van der Merwe & Vogel 1978). Other isotopes followed rapidly, such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur and hydrogen for archaeological, palaeoecological or palaeoclimatological purposes and, more recently, the heavier radiogenic isotopes of strontium and neodymium for determining the provenance of organic and inorganic materials (Pollard & Heron 2008).

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5

Apolinarska, Karina. "Book reviews: Stable isotope geochemistry." Geologos 22, no. 1 (2016): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/logos-2016-0007.

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6

Corfield, Richard M., and Richard D. Norris. "Isotope Paleobiology and Paleoecology: So Why Should Paleontologists Care About Geochemistry?" Paleontological Society Papers 4 (October 1998): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600000371.

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Stable isotopic techniques in geology illuminate not only variations in past climates and oceans, but also the life-histories of extinct animals, plants and protistans. This volume focuses on the ways that stable isotopes can be used as tracers of the fossil biology and ecology of long-dead organisms and ecosystems. Here, we introduce relevant aspects of stable isotope systematics and provide a summary of the papers collected in this volume. The nine contributions collected here, from some of the most eminent workers in their respective fields, explore aspects of the ecology, evolution and biology of organisms from planktonic foraminifera to dinosaurs.

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7

Sheppard, S. M. F., and H. A. Gilg. "Stable isotope geochemistry of clay minerals." Clay Minerals 31, no. 1 (1996): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1996.031.1.01.

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AbstractThe equilibrium H- and O-isotope fractionations can be approximated by the following equations which are based on experimental, empirical and/or theoretical data:Hydrogen: 1000 ln αkaolinite-water = −2.2 × 106 × T−2 − 7.7Oxygen: 1000 ln αkaolinite-water = 2.76 × 106 × T−2 − 6.751000 ln αsmectite-water = 2.55 × 106 × T−2 − 4.051000 ln αillite-water = 2.39 × 106 × T−2 − 3.76The equilibrium H-isotope fractionation factors vs. 106 × T−2 for kaolinite and probably smectite and illite are monotonic curves between 350-0°C. More complex curves, with a minimum fractionation near 200°C, are probably influenced by surface effects and/or disequilibrium fractionations among the different hydrogen sites. The H-isotope fractionations between smectite-water increase by ~70‰ from Fe-poor montmorillonite to nontronite at low temperatures. The pore-interlayer water in smectite H-isotope fractionation at low temperatures is ~20±10‰. The presence of organic matter can modify both the δD value of the clay analysis and its ‘water’ content. Clays — kaolinite, illite, smectite and probably halloysite — tend to retain their D/H and 18O/16O ratios unless subjected to more extreme diagenetic or metamorphic conditions or special local processes. Kinetic information is still only qualitative: for comparable grain sizes, hydrogen exchanges more rapidly than oxygen in the absence of recrystallization. Low-temperature diffusion coefficients cannot be calculated with sufficient precision from the higher temperature exchange data. The H- and O-isotope studies of clays can provide useful information about their conditions of formation.

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8

Vasil’chuk, Yurij, and Julian Murton. "STABLE ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY OF MASSIVE ICE." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 9, no. 3 (2016): 4–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/2071-9388_03v09_2016_01.

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9

Kendall, Brian, Tais W. Dahl, and Ariel D. Anbar. "THE STABLE ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY OF MOLYBDENUM." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 82, no. 1 (2017): 683–732. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2017.82.16.

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10

Wang, Chong Jing, He Zhang, Jian Ming Chen, and Wen Bin Chen. "Organic Carbon & Nitrogen Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Anthraxolite from Different Fractures in Xiangxi, China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.136.

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In order to analyze the stable organic carbon isotope characteristics and the causes of anthrax lite, 14 samples, containing hydrocarbon source rock, rock and anthrax lite, were selected to test the stable organic carbon and organic nitrogen isotope. Results showed that the relations of stable organic carbon isotope between source rock and anthrax lite were that δ13C source rock <δ13Csmall fault<δ13Clarge fault. Maybe the Early Cambrian anoxic events leaded the hydrocarbon source rock δ13C value low, and different metallogenic evolution and the isotopic fractionation process may be the cause of stable organic carbon isotope value differences between anthrax lite in large and small fault.

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11

Wand, U., and G. Strauch. "Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Antarctic Salt Efflorescences." Isotopenpraxis Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 26, no. 12 (1990): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256019008622437.

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12

王, 硕. "Progress in Geochemistry of Non-Traditional Stable Isotope—Iron Isotope." Advances in Geosciences 10, no. 10 (2020): 907–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ag.2020.1010089.

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13

Aggarwal, Jugdeep, Judith Habicht-Mauche, and Chelsey Juarez. "Application of heavy stable isotopes in forensic isotope geochemistry: A review." Applied Geochemistry 23, no. 9 (2008): 2658–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.05.016.

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14

Cortecci, Gianni, Marco Benvenuti, Pierfranco Lattanzi, and Giuseppe Tanelli. "Stable isotope geochemistry of carbonates from the Apuane Alps mining district, northern Tuscany, Italy." European Journal of Mineralogy 4, no. 3 (1992): 509–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/4/3/0509.

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15

Alderton, David H. M. "Oxygen isotope fractionation between cassiterite and water." Mineralogical Magazine 53, no. 371 (1989): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1989.053.371.13.

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Analysis of stable isotopes in coexisting minerals has found wide application in the study of hydrothermal mineral deposits, particularly for elucidating the temperature and source of the fluid phase involved in mineralisation. For these purposes the temperature dependence of isotopic fractionation in several mineral-water systems has already been established (e.g. Friedman and O'Neil, 1977; O'Neil, 1986). Unfortunately, the oxygen isotope fractionation between cassiterite (SnO2) and water has not been adequately characterized, and this has hindered a full utilization of oxygen isotope data derived from studies of tin deposits (e.g. Harzer, 1970; Patterson et al., 1981; Kelly and Rye, 1979). Because of this situation, an attempt is made here to derive a relationship between temperature and the fractionation of oxygen isotopes (Δ) between quartz and cassiterite, based on the fractionations observed in naturally-occurring assemblages and independent temperature estimates.

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Kirschner, David, John Encarnación, and Fabrizio Agosta. "Incorporating Stable-Isotope Geochemistry in Undergraduate Laboratory Courses." Journal of Geoscience Education 48, no. 2 (2000): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5408/1089-9995-48.2.209.

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Rye, Robert O., Philip M. Bethke, and Michael D. Wasserman. "The stable isotope geochemistry of acid sulfate alteration." Economic Geology 87, no. 2 (1992): 225–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.87.2.225.

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18

Guitreau, Martin, Abdelmouhcine Gannoun, Zhengbin Deng, et al. "Stable isotope geochemistry of silicon in granitoid zircon." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 316 (January 2022): 273–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2021.09.029.

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19

Albarede, F. "The Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Copper and Zinc." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 55, no. 1 (2004): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gsrmg.55.1.409.

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20

Poirier, Jean-Paul. "Stable Isotope Geochemistry: A Tribute to Samuel Epstein." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 77, no. 3-4 (1993): 330–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(93)90108-l.

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21

Longstaffe, F. J. "Stable isotope geochemistry: A tribute to Samuel Epstein." Applied Geochemistry 8, no. 5 (1993): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(93)90080-z.

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22

Cerling, Thure E. "Stable Isotope Geochemistry: A Tribute to Samuel Epstein." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 57, no. 2 (1993): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90455-6.

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23

Tissot, François L. H., and Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia. "Unlocking the Single-Crystal Record of Heavy Stable Isotopes." Elements 17, no. 6 (2021): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.17.6.389.

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Stable isotopes provide deep insights into processes across a wide range of scales, from micron- to cosmic-size systems. Here, we review how continued advances in mass-spectrometry have enabled the analysis of ever-smaller samples and brought the field of heavy stable isotope geochemistry to its next frontier: the single-crystal scale. Accessing this record can be as enlightening as it is challenging. Drawing on novel systematics at different stages of development (from well-established to nascent), we discuss how the isotopes of heavy elements, such as magnesium, iron, zirconium, or uranium, can be used at the single-crystal and subcrystal scales to reconstruct magma thermal histories, crystal growth timescales, or, possibly, magma redox conditions.

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24

Liu, Zhanmin, Congqiang Liu, Guilin Han, et al. "Environmental geochemistry of calcium isotopes: Applications of a new stable isotope approach." Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 25, no. 2 (2006): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02872181.

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25

Burgess, Ray, Mitsuru Ebihara, and Hans Eggenkamp. "Developments in Halogen Abundance and Isotope Measurements." Elements 18, no. 1 (2022): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.18.1.41.

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The four stable halogens (F, Cl, Br, and I) are low-abundance elements that are widely distributed in nature. Two of the halogens, Cl and Br, each have two stable isotopes showing a range in natural isotope variation of up to a few parts per thousand. A variety of analytical techniques have been developed to determine the abundance and isotopic ratios of the halogens: these include in situ techniques for high spatial resolution studies and bulk determinations, and they have been applied to a range of materials, including whole rocks, minerals, glasses, and fluid inclusions. Here, we summarise some of the established methods for determining halogen abundances and isotopes and highlight key advances.

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26

Nurgaliev, D. K., I. Yu Chernova, D. I. Khassanov, B. I. Gareev, G. A. Batalin, and D. Ya Khabibullin. "Comparing the results of lineament analysis with isotope geochemistry data." SOCAR Proceedings, SI2 (December 30, 2021): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5510/ogp2021si200562.

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This article presents the results of a geochemical survey carried out in the southwestern part of the Siberian platform, within the Sayan-Yenisei (Angara) syneclise (a superorder Riphean-Middle Paleozoic structure). The object of research was hydrocarbon gases contained in the subsoil rocks (clays). The subsoil samples were taken from the bottom of boreholes (40 mm in diameter) made with an electric drill. The sampling depth was 0.6–1 m. Further laboratory studies included chromatographic and isotope analysis. Lineament analysis of the digital elevation model was carried out as a complementary study. One of the lineament analysis results was a lineament density map, which reflects the permeability (macro-fracture density) of the sedimentary cover. This allowed a comparison of the macro-fracture density with the gas content and isotopic composition. The study revealed that gases with a high content of heavy isotopes tend to gather in the low permeability areas. This can be explained by the fact that the gases disperse quickly within fractured zones, and deep gases should be expected only in the areas with strong cap rocks, i.e. in the areas with low macrofracture density where stable hydrocarbon deposits have already formed. Keywords: hydrocarbons; geochemical survey; isotope geochemistry; lineament analysis.

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27

Strauss, Harald, Stefan Bengtson, Paul M. Myrow, and Gonzalo Vidal. "Stable isotope geochemistry and palynology of the late Precambrian to Early Cambrian sequence in Newfoundland." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 8 (1992): 1662–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-131.

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A sequence of clastic sediments in southeastern Newfoundland straddling the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary has been investigated for its stable isotope geochemistry of carbon and sulfur and acid-resistant organic-walled microfossils. A detailed study of the Chapel Island Formation, which includes the boundary interval, has revealed fluctuations in the isotopic composition of organic carbon. These are largely interpreted as caused by differences in the depositional environments. Highly variable sulfur isotopic compositions indicate bacterial sulfate reduction as a pyrite-forming process, sometimes under sulfate-limited conditions. Palynological results are quite limited with respect to diagnostic microfossils.

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28

Alzughoul, Khitam A., Khalil M. Ibrahim, Hani N. Khoury, Sherif Farouk, and J. Barry Maynard. "Mineralogy, geochemistry, and stable isotope characteristics of barite deposits from Wadi El Mingar, North Eastern Jordan." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 303, no. 2 (2022): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/2022/1039.

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29

Spero, Howard J. "Life History and Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Planktonic Foraminifera." Paleontological Society Papers 4 (October 1998): 7–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600000383.

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Application of planktonic foraminifera to micropaleontological, paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic research has enjoyed more than 150 years of activity. During the first century, foraminifera were used primarily for biostratigraphic analysis. Although fossil shells were recognized from beach sands and deep sea sediments as early as 1826 (d'Orbigny, 1826; Parker and Jones, 1865), it wasn't until Owen (1867) and the scientific results of the Challenger expedition (Brady, 1884) that the planktonic life habitat of these marine protozoans was clearly established. By the early 20th century, researchers were studying the biology of planktonic foraminifera at the cellular level (Rhumbler, 1901; Le Calvez, 1936), and linking their distributional patterns to regions of the ocean surface (Lohmann, 1920; Schott, 1935).

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Polyakov, Veniamin B., and Sergey D. Mineev. "The use of Mössbauer spectroscopy in stable isotope geochemistry." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64, no. 5 (2000): 849–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7037(99)00329-4.

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31

Wiederhold, Jan G. "Metal Stable Isotope Signatures as Tracers in Environmental Geochemistry." Environmental Science & Technology 49, no. 5 (2015): 2606–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es504683e.

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32

Ohno, Takeshi, and Takafumi Hirata. "Stable isotope geochemistry of strontium using MC-ICP-MS." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70, no. 18 (2006): A453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.913.

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33

Eiler, John M., Brigit Bergquist, Ian Bourg, et al. "Frontiers of stable isotope geoscience." Chemical Geology 372 (April 2014): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.02.006.

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34

S, Aboglila. "Petroleum Geochemistry Regional Study of Murzuq Basin: Insights from Biomarkers Characteristic, Stable Carbon Isotope and Environmental Characterization." Petroleum & Petrochemical Engineering Journal 4, no. 1 (2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ppej-16000215.

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This search aims to apply developed geochemical methods to a number of oils and source rock extracts to better establish the features of ancient environments that occurred in the Murzuq basin. Geochemical and geophysical approaches were used to confirm further a source contribution from other Paleozoic formations to hydrocarbon accumulations in the basin. One hundred and forty rock units were collected from B1-NC151, D1-NC174, A1-NC 76, D1-NC 151, F1-NC58, A1-NC 186, P1-NC 101, D1-NC 58, H1-NC58 and A1-NC58 wells. Seven crude oils were collocated A1-NC186, B1-NC186, E2-NC101, F3-NC174, A10-NC115, B10-NC115 and H10-NC115 wells. A geochemical assessment of the studied rocks and oils was done by means of geochemical parameters of total organic carbon (TOC), Rock-Eval analysis, detailed-various biomarkers and stable carbon isotope. The TOC values from B1-NC151 range 0.40% to 8.5%, A1-NC186 0.3% and 1.45, A1-NC76 0.39% to 0.74%, D1-NC151 0.40% to 2.00% to F1-NC58 0.40% to 1.12%. D1_NC174 0.30% to 10 %, P1-NC101 0.80% to 1.35%, D1-NC58 0.5% to 1.10%, H1-NC58 0.20% to 3.50%, A1-NC58 0.40% to 1.60%. The categories of organic matter from rock-eval pyrolysis statistics point to that type II kerogen is the main type, in association with type III, and no of type I kerogen recognized. Vitrinite reflectance (%Ro), Tmax and Spore colour index (SCI) as thermal maturity parameters reflect that the measured rock units are have different maturation levels, ranging from immature to mature sources. acritarchs distribution for most samples could be recognized and Palynomorphs are uncommon. Pristane to phytane ratios (> 1) revealed marine shale to lacustrine of environmental deposition. The Stable carbon isotope ( δ 13 C) values of seven rock-extract samples are -30.98‰ and -29.14‰ of saturates and -29.86‰ to -28.37‰ aromatic fractions. The oil saturate hydrocarbon fractions range between -29.36‰ to -28.67‰ and aromatic are among -29.98 ‰ to -29.55 ‰. The δ 13 C data in both rock extractions and crude oils are closer to each other, typical in sign of Paleozoic age. It is clear that the base of Tanezzuft Formation (Hot shale) is considered the main source rocks. The Devonian Awaynat Wanin Formation as well locally holds sufficient oil prone kerogen to consider as potential source rocks. Ordovician Mamuniyat Formation shales may poorly contain oil prone kerogen to be addressed in future studies. An assessment of the correlations between the oils and potential source rocks and between the oils themselves indicated that most of the rocks extracts were broadly similar to most of the oils and supported by carbon stable isotope analysis results.

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Mueller, M. H., R. Weingartner, and C. Alewell. "Importance of vegetation, topography and flow paths for water transit times of base flow in alpine headwater catchments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 4 (2013): 1661–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1661-2013.

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Abstract. The mean transit time (MTT) of water in a catchment gives information about storage, flow paths, sources of water and thus also about retention and release of solutes in a catchment. To our knowledge there are only a few catchment studies on the influence of vegetation cover changes on base flow MTTs. The main changes in vegetation cover in the Swiss Alps are massive shrub encroachment and forest expansion into formerly open habitats. Four small and relatively steep headwater catchments in the Swiss Alps (Ursern Valley) were investigated to relate different vegetation cover to water transit times. Time series of water stable isotopes were used to calculate MTTs. The high temporal variation of the stable isotope signals in precipitation was strongly dampened in stream base flow samples. MTTs of the four catchments were 70 to 102 weeks. The strong dampening of the stable isotope input signal as well as stream water geochemistry points to deeper flow paths and mixing of waters of different ages at the catchments' outlets. MTTs were neither related to topographic indices nor vegetation cover. The major part of the quickly infiltrating precipitation likely percolates through fractured and partially karstified deeper rock zones, which increases the control of bedrock flow paths on MTT. Snow accumulation and the timing of its melt play an important role for stable isotope dynamics during spring and early summer. We conclude that, in mountainous headwater catchments with relatively shallow soil layers, the hydrogeological and geochemical patterns (i.e. geochemistry, porosity and hydraulic conductivity of rocks) and snow dynamics influence storage, mixing and release of water in a stronger way than vegetation cover or topography do.

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McKeegan, K. D., and L. A. Leshin. "Stable Isotope Variations in Extraterrestrial Materials." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 43, no. 1 (2001): 279–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gsrmg.43.1.279.

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Kohn, M. J., and T. E. Cerling. "Stable Isotope Compositions of Biological Apatite." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 48, no. 1 (2002): 455–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2002.48.12.

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Baumgartner, L. P., and D. Rumble. "Transport of stable isotopes: I: Development of a kinetic continuum theory for stable isotope transport." Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 98, no. 4 (1988): 417–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00372362.

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39

Aarons, Sarah M., Aleisha C. Johnson, and Shelby T. Rader. "Forming Earth’s Continental Crust: A Nontraditional Stable Isotope Perspective." Elements 17, no. 6 (2021): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.17.6.413.

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The formation of continental crust via plate tectonics strongly influences the physical and chemical characteristics of Earth’s surface and may be the key to Earth’s long-term habitability. However, continental crust formation is difficult to observe directly and is even more difficult to trace through time. Nontraditional stable isotopes have yielded significant insights into this process, leading to a new view both of Earth’s earliest continental crust and of what controls modern crustal generation. The stable isotope systems of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), and thallium (Tl) have proven invaluable. Processes such as fractional crystallization, partial melting, geodynamic setting of magma generation, and magma cooling histories are examples of processes illuminated by these isotope systems.

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40

Roshanak, Reihaneh, Farid Moore, Alireza Zarasvandi, Behnam Keshavarzi, and Reinhard Gratzer. "Stable isotope geochemistry and petrography of the Qorveh–Takab travertines in northwest Iran." Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences 111, no. 1 (2018): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17738/ajes.2018.0005.

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Abstract The Qorveh-Takab travertines, which are connected to thermal springs, are situated in the northwest of the Sanandaj- Sirjan metamorphic zone in Iran. In this study, the travertines were investigated applying petrography, mineralogy and isotope geochemistry. Oxygen and carbon isotope geochemistry, petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis were used to determine the source of the CO2 and the lithofacies and to classify the travertines. Isotope studies, morphological and mineralogical observations and distribution of travertines revealed that the travertines of the Qorveh-Takab could be of thermal water origin and, therefore, belong to the thermogene travertine category. These travertines are usually massive with mound-type morphology and are essentially found in regions with recent volcanic or high tectonic activity. The measured δ13C values of the travertines indicate that the δ13C of the CO2 released from the water during travertine deposition, while the source of the CO2 in the water springs seems to have been of crustal magmatic affinity. These travertines are divided into two lithofacies: (1) crystalline crust travertine and (2) pebbly (phytoclastic travertine with pebble- size extraclasts) travertine. δ18O and δ13C values of travertines are -0.6 to -11.9 (‰VPDB) and +6.08 to +9.84 (‰VPDB), respectively. A probable reason for the heavy carbon isotope content observed in these deposits is the presence of algae microorganisms, which was verified by SEM images. Fissure ridges, fluvial crusts with oncoids, and mound morphological features are observed in the study area. Based on the petrographic and SEM criteria, Qorveh-Takab travertines are classified into four groups: (1) compacted, (2) laminated, (3) iron-rich spring deposit and (4) aragonite-bearing travertines. Stable isotope compositions of Turkish travertines are largely similar to the travertines in the study area.

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Ibañez-Mejia, Mauricio, and François L. H. Tissot. "Reading the Isotopic Code of Heavy Elements." Elements 17, no. 6 (2021): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.17.6.379.

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The isotopic variability of the elements in our planet and Solar System is the end result of a complex mixture of processes, including variable production of isotopes in stars, ingrowth of daughter nuclides due to decay of radioactive parents, and selective incorporation of isotopes into solids, liquids, or gases as a function of their mass and/or nuclear volume. Interpreting the isotopic imprints that planetary formation and evolution have left in the rock and mineral record requires not only precise and accurate measurements but also an understanding of the drivers behind isotopic variability. Here, we introduce fundamental concepts needed to “read” the isotopic code, with particular emphasis on heavy stable isotope systems.

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Panichi, C., and G. La Ruffa. "Stable isotope geochemistry of fumaroles: an insight into volcanic surveillance." Journal of Geodynamics 32, no. 4-5 (2001): 519–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-3707(01)00046-1.

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Götze, J., M. Tichomirowa, H. Fuchs, J. Pilot, and Z. D. Sharp. "Geochemistry of agates: a trace element and stable isotope study." Chemical Geology 175, no. 3-4 (2001): 523–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2541(00)00356-9.

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Pang, Zhonghe, Jie Li, and Jiao Tian. "Noble gas geochemistry and chronology of groundwater in an active rift basin in central China." E3S Web of Conferences 98 (2019): 01040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199801040.

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Stable noble gas isotopes are excellent groundwater tracers. Radioactive noble gases are emerging new tools in the study of groundwater circulation dynamics. Among these, the 85Kr and 81Kr, and 39Ar have advanced very fast in recent years and exhibit strong potential in the reconstruction of the history of groundwater recharge and evolution in sedimentary basins at different scales. Here, we report the findings in groundwater circulation dynamics as relative to intensive water-rock interactions, heat transfer and He gas flux in Guanzhong Basin located in Xi’an, the geographical centre of China, which is a rift basin created by collision between the Eurasia and Indian plates, with active neotectonic activities. The recent technological breakthrough in noble gas isotope measurements, i.e. the atomic trap trace analysis (ATTA) techniques on Kr and Ar gas radionuclei, has revolutionized groundwater dating. Noble gas samples from shallow and deep wells to 3000 m depth have been collected to study isotope variations to reconstruct the history of groundwater recharge and understand the water-rock interaction processes. Stable isotopes of water show strong water-rock interaction in the formation, creating a strong positive O-isotope shift up to 10 ‰, a phenomenon that is rarely seen in a fairly low temperature environment. Analysis of 85Kr and 81Kr show groundwater ages up to 1.3 million years old along both North-South and a West-East cross sections, which offers strong evidence about the slow moving flow, strong water-rock interaction, rich geothermal resources as well as He gas resources.

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Crumpton-Banks, Jessica G. M., Thomas Tanner, Ivan Hernández Almeida, James W. B. Rae, and Heather Stoll. "Technical note: No impact of alkenone extraction on foraminiferal stable isotope, trace element and boron isotope geochemistry." Biogeosciences 19, no. 24 (2022): 5633–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5633-2022.

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Abstract. Recent advances in geochemical techniques mean that several robust proxies now exist to determine the past carbonate chemistry of the oceans. Foraminiferal δ11B and alkenone carbon isotopes allow us to reconstruct sea-surface pH and pCO2, respectively, and the ability to apply both proxies to the same sediment sample would give strongly paired datasets and reduce sample waste. However, no studies to date have examined whether the solvents and extraction techniques used to prepare alkenones for analysis also impact the geochemistry of foraminifera within those sediments. Here we examine six species pairs of planktic foraminifera, with half being taken from non-treated sediments and half being taken from sediments where alkenones have been extracted. We look for visual signs of contrasting preservation and compare analyses of δ18O, δ13C, δ11B and trace elements (Li, B, Na, Mn, Mg, Sr and U/Ca). We find no consistent geochemical offset between the treatments and excellent agreement in δ11B measurements between them. Our results show that boron isotope reconstructions of pH in foraminifera from alkenone-extracted sediments can be applied with confidence.

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Abudeif, Abdelbaset M., Gamal Z. Abdel Aal, Nessreen F. Abdelbaky, Mohamed H. Ali, and Mohammed A. Mohammed. "An Integrated Geophysics and Isotope Geochemistry to Unveil the Groundwater Paleochannel in Abydos Historical Site, Egypt." Minerals 13, no. 1 (2022): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13010064.

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The scientific controversy among archaeologists about the existence of paleochannels under the Abydos archaeological site, Sohag, Egypt connecting the Osirion (cenotaph of Seti I) with the Nile River has been explained in this study. This study is an attempt to address this issue using integrating a near-surface geophysical approach with stable isotopic geochemistry on this site. Particularly, the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes on the water samples collected from the surface and the groundwater in the study area were analyzed and interpreted. The isotopes result showed that the Osirion water is a mixture of three different types of water: Old Nile Water (ONW) before the construction of the High Dam, Recent Nile Water (RNW) after the construction of the High Dam, and Paleowater (PW) from deeper aquifers. Field observations of the Osirion and nearby water cannot explain the presence and direction of this water. Therefore, the next step in this study is determining the location and the direction of the paleochannel connecting the Osirion with the Nile River which was proven using the electric resistivity tomography (ERT) technique. By using the results of the isotope of all types of water near the Osirion and its surrounding wells and the water of the Nile River, in addition to the near-surface geophysical measurements, the results indicated that the 3D view of the ERT data revealed a prospective paleochannel in the direction of the northeast and its location, where this channel is in charge of providing groundwater from the Nile River to the Osirion location.

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Rowley, D. B. "Stable Isotope-Based Paleoaltimetry: Theory and Validation." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 66, no. 1 (2007): 23–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2007.66.2.

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Druhan, Jennifer L., Matthew J. Winnick, and Martin Thullner. "Stable Isotope Fractionation by Transport and Transformation." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 85, no. 1 (2019): 239–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2019.85.8.

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Hornibrook, Edward R. C., and Atsuko Sugimoto. "Stable isotope applications in methane cycle studies." Organic Geochemistry 36, no. 5 (2005): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.02.004.

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Clayton, R. N. "Stable Isotope Evidence for Earth's Raw Materials." Mineralogical Magazine 58A, no. 1 (1994): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1994.58a.1.95.

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