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Books on the topic 'Stable oxygen'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Introduction to isotope hydrology: Stable and radioactive isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon. Taylor & Francis, 2006.

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2

Burman, Johan. Stable oxygen and carbon isoptopes in recent and subfossil Littorinidae shells: A high resolution mehtod for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Göteborg University, 2006.

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3

Suttner, Thomas James. Conodont stratigraphy, facies-related distribution patterns and stable isotopes (carbon and oxygen) of the uppermost Silurian to lower Devonian Seewarte section (Carnic Alps, Carinthia, Austria). Geologische Bundesanstalt, 2007.

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4

Vogel, J. R. Occurrence of selected pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical compounds and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios in a riverbank filtration study, Platte River, Nebraska, 2001 to 2003. U.S. Geological Survey, 2005.

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5

Ott, Douglas S. Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in surface water and ground water at selected sites on or near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994.

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6

Vogel, J. R. Microbe concentrations, laser particle counts, and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios in samples from a riverbank filtration study, Platte River, Nebraska, 2002 to 2004. U.S. Geological Survey, 2005.

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7

Nieuwenhuis, Saskia Apollonia Maria. Investigation of the oxygenic photosynthetic reaction centre photosystem II with specific isotope labelling: Synthesis and incorporation of stable-isotope labelled (S)-phenylalanine and (S)-tyrosine. S.A.M. Nieuwenhuis, 1998.

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8

Achkasov, Evgeniy, Yuriy Vinnik, and Svetlana Dunaevskaya. Immunopathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1089245.

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The monograph devoted to the study of the role of the immune system in the development and progression of acute pancreatitis consistently covers the issues of etiology, classification, diagnosis and modern treatment principles. Special attention is paid to the issues of non-specific immune protection, indicators of immune status, types of generation of reactive oxygen species in macrophage-granulocyte cells depending on the severity of acute pancreatitis. The section for assessing the structural and functional state of lymphocytes in the development of acute pancreatitis by evaluating the bleb

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9

Mook, Willem G. Introduction to Isotope Hydrology-Stable and Radioactive Isotopes of Hydrogen, Carbon, and Oxygen. Taylor & Francis, 2005.

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10

Mook, Willem G. Introduction to Isotype Hydrology: Stable and Radioactive Isotopes of Hydrogen, Oxygen and Carbon. Taylor & Francis, 2005.

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11

R, LeBlanc Denis, U.S. Army Environmental Center., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program., and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Distribution and migration of ordnance-related compounds and oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopes in ground water near Snake Pond, Sandwich, Massachusetts, 2001-2006. U.S. Geological Survey, 2008.

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12

Carol, Kendall, Davis George H. 1942-, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope measurements of ground waters of the central west side of the San Joaquin Valley, California. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1985.

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13

Hemer, Katie A., and Jane A. Evans. The Contribution of Stable Isotope Analysis to the Study of Childhood Movement and Migration. Edited by Sally Crawford, Dawn M. Hadley, and Gillian Shepherd. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199670697.013.27.

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Stable isotope analysis is firmly established as a method for the investigation of past population mobility. The distinction between local and non-local individuals within a cemetery population relies on identifying an individual’s place of childhood residence through the analysis of strontium and oxygen isotopes present in human tooth enamel. Traditionally, studies investigating mobility focus on the analysis of a single tooth. More recently, however, it has become apparent that in order to investigate the mobility of an individual during childhood—and thus to consider the importance of child

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14

Sawyer, Donald T., and R. J. P. Williams. Oxygen Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195057980.001.0001.

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This book places oxygen on the center stage of chemistry in a manner that parallels the focus on carbon by 19th century chemists. One measure of the significance of oxygen chemistry is the greater diversity of oxygen-containing molecules than of carbon-containing molecules. One of the most important compounds is water, containing the properties of being a unique medium for biological chemistry and life, the source of all the dioxygen in the atmosphere, and the moderator of the earth's climate. Sawyer first introduces the biological origins of dioxygen and role of dioxygen in aerobic biology an

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15

Spoletini, Giulia, and Nicholas S. Hill. Non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0090.

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Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been increasingly used over the past decades to avoid endotracheal intubation (ETI) in critical care settings. In selected patients with acute respiratory failure, NIV improves the overall clinical status more rapidly than standard oxygen therapy, avoids ETI and its complications, reduces length of hospital stay, and improves survival. NIV is primarily indicated in respiratory failure due to acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and associated with immunocompromised states. Weaker evidence supports its use

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16

Ho, Kwok M. Kidney and acid–base physiology in anaesthetic practice. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0005.

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Anatomically the kidney consists of the cortex, medulla, and renal pelvis. The kidneys have approximately 2 million nephrons and receive 20% of the resting cardiac output making the kidneys the richest blood flow per gram of tissue in the body. A high blood and plasma flow to the kidneys is essential for the generation of a large amount of glomerular filtrate, up to 125 ml min−1, to regulate the fluid and electrolyte balance of the body. The kidneys also have many other important physiological functions, including excretion of metabolic wastes or toxins, regulation of blood volume and pressure

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17

Lee, Angela, and Gebhard Wagener. Distributive Shock. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0011.

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The distributive shock chapter reviews the definition, classification, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic goals of shock. It examines the cardiovascular factors and mechanisms leading to impaired oxygen delivery and its effect on the pathogenesis of shock. It reviews the compensatory mechanisms in shock that cause symptoms and organ manifestations in patients with acute circulatory failure. This chapter also discusses the limitations and benefits of different monitoring modalities during shock management including central venous pressure, mixed venous oxyge

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18

Fiza, Babar, and Vivek Moitra. Introduction to Shock. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0009.

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The chapter “Introduction to Shock” reviews the definition, classification, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic goals of shock. It examines the cardiovascular factors and mechanisms leading to impaired oxygen delivery and its effect on end organ perfusion and the pathogenesis of shock. This chapter reviews the compensatory mechanisms in shock that cause the signs and symptoms, along with organ manifestations, reported in patients with acute circulatory failure. This chapter also discusses the limitations and benefits of different monitoring modalities during

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19

Armstrong, Neil, and Alison M. McManus. Aerobic fitness. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0012.

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Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2) is the criterion measure of young people's aerobic fitness, and blood lactate accumulation (BLA) is a useful indicator of aerobic fitness with reference to the ability to sustain submaximal exercise. In sport and in everyday life it is the pulmonary (p)V̇O2 kinetics of the non-steady state which best assess the integrated responses of the oxygen delivery system and the metabolic demands of the exercising muscle. Data analysis using sophisticated modelling techniques has enhanced understanding of sexual dimorphism and the independent effects of chronological age, body

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20

Kirchman, David L. Processes in anoxic environments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0011.

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During organic material degradation in oxic environments, electrons from organic material, the electron donor, are transferred to oxygen, the electron acceptor, during aerobic respiration. Other compounds, such as nitrate, iron, sulfate, and carbon dioxide, take the place of oxygen during anaerobic respiration in anoxic environments. The order in which these compounds are used by bacteria and archaea (only a few eukaryotes are capable of anaerobic respiration) is set by thermodynamics. However, concentrations and chemical state also determine the relative importance of electron acceptors in or

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21

Palmer, Ross, and Alison Smith. Ward post-operative care. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642663.003.0008.

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Standardized, evidence-based post-operative policies and procedures ensure that safe and effective person-centred care is provided, which is aimed at reducing the likelihood of post-operative complications. Close physiological monitoring is imperative and should incorporate the use of an early warning score such as the National Early Warning Score (NEWS). This ensures early recognition and response to patient deterioration, which is quickly escalated to an appropriate member of the health-care team. This chapter provides an overview of oxygen therapy, wound drains, the removal of sutures and s

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22

Waldmann, Carl, Neil Soni, and Andrew Rhodes. Shock. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199229581.003.0026.

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Shock: definition and diagnosis 446Hypovolaemic shock 450Cardiogenic shock 452Anaphylactic shock 456Septic shock: pathogenesis 458Shock, or acute circulatory failure, defines a state in which the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissue is insufficient to meet basal metabolic needs, leading to tissue hypoxia, and, if persistent, to MOF and death. Shock results from tissue hypoperfusion and microcirculatory dysfunction, and should thus not be restricted to hypotension. Although frequent, hypotension is not mandatory for the diagnosis of shock. In the absence of hypotension, increased lact

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23

Maddux, Aline B., and Gordon R. Bernard. Immunomodulation strategies in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0312.

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Severe sepsis is a hyperimmune response to an infectious stimulus resulting in a surge of cytokines and mediators of inflammation. High circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines lead to shock, multiple organ failure, and death in septic patients. It has been recognized that patients with sepsis progress into a state of immune paralysis characterized by immune cell apoptosis and high levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines… Anti-inflammatory cytokines suppress production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibit monocytes from presenting antigens to other immune cells. Immune paralysis pro

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24

Wise, Matt, and Simon Barry. Respiratory failure. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0135.

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Respiratory failure is a syndrome characterized by defective gas exchange due to inadequate function of the respiratory system. There is a failure to oxygenate blood (hypoxaemia) and/or eliminate carbon dioxide (hypercapnia). Hypoxaemia is defined as an arterial blood partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) of <8 kPa, and hypercapnia as an arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) of >6 kPa. Respiratory failure is divided into two different types, conventionally referred to as type 1 and type 2. The distinction between these two is important because it emphasizes not only diffe

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25

Ramani, Ramachandran, ed. Functional MRI. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190297763.001.0001.

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Functional MRI with BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependent) imaging is one of the commonly used modalities for studying brain function in neuroscience. The underlying source of the BOLD fMRI signal is the variation in oxyhemoglobin to deoxyhemoglobin ratio at the site of neuronal activity in the brain. fMRI is mostly used to map out the location and intensity of brain activity that correlate with mental activities. In recent years, a new approach to fMRI was developed that is called resting-state fMRI. The fMRI signal from this method does not require the brain to perform any goal-directed task; i

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26

Sidhu, Kulraj S., Mfonobong Essiet, and Maxime Cannesson. Cardiac and vascular physiology in anaesthetic practice. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0001.

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This chapter discusses key components of cardiovascular physiology applicable to clinical practice in the field of anaesthesiology. From theory development to ground-breaking innovations, the history of cardiac and vascular anatomy, as well as physiology, is presented. Utilizing knowledge of structure and function, parameters created have allowed adequate patient clinical assessment and guided interventions. A review of concepts reveals the impact of multiple physiological variables on a patient’s haemodynamic state and the need for more accurate and efficient measurements. In particular, it i

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27

Grant, Robert. Neurocutaneous syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0235.

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This chapter describes several neurocutaneous syndromes, including tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, Sturge–Weber syndrome, Von-Hippel–Lindau disease and ataxia telangiectasia amongst others.Tuberous sclerosis, also known as Epiloia or Bournville’s Disease, is an autosomal dominant multisystem disease it usually presents in childhood with a characteristic facial rash, adenoma sebaceum, seizures, and sometimes learning difficulties. Central nervous system lesions in tuberous sclerosis are due to a developmental disorder of neurogenesis and neuronal migration. Other organs such as the heart

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